INFORMATION ON THE BOOK AERODYNAMICS OF HIGH VELOCITIES (GAS DYNAMICS)' BY YA. I. LEVINSON

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 25, 2011
• Sequence Number: 432
• Publication Date: July 27, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
1
CLASSIFICATION coNFIDENrIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
`FID~~~
REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY vssx
SUBJECT 5cient:lfic -? Aeronautics, literature
HOW
PUBLISHED Book
WHERE
n11n1 Ic^u CIJ MOSCOW
rvuu.n IL
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950
DATE DIST. .Z 7 Jul 1951
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
01 rx[ YMIi[D frenf ?ITMIY rxf .~?.1?. ~? ???~_^^__ __. --
Y. !. C., fl AMO fi. Ai AY[NO[D. Irf 7[AYfYIff10N Of rN[ [[Y [tAYIOM
NI[ITfOD [r rL Yl. 1 [t ~OOYCTIOY 0/ TXIf 10 Y /f' 1110 1f~li[0, If 1[O?
Aerodinamika BolYshikh:SkorosteY (Gazovaya Dinamika~, Encl 11 to ID
No~37 +77.9. ..__,o.~._...v.. __,.v.__n,..
i(JFQItMAT10N ON THE BOOK "AERODYNAMICS OF
HIGHyVEIACITT-ES~~,_GAS DYNAMICS " BY YA. IdI~{/INSON
?~he following presents information from the Preface and gives the Table
of Contents of Aerodinamika Bol~shikh Skorostey Gazova~e Dinamika).7
The book was_written as a textbook for combat units and schools of the
Sovl.et Air Forces and, in the author's opinion, represents a first attempt for
presenting the fundamentals of aerodynamics of high velocities in application
to the problems of aviation.
Cl.assiral aerodynamics based its conclusions on the laws of mechanics.
Gas dynamics is based on the laws of thermodynamics as Well as on the laws of
mechanics, thus being a part of physics in a wider seRSe. For understanding
gas dynamics, knowledge of mechanics, thermodynamics, and acoustics is neces-
sary. Development of flights at high velocities requires also a considerable
knowledge of the atmospheric conditions at various, including very high, alti-
tudes. Therefore, Part 1 of the book represents an introduction to the
physics of gases, giving the fundamentals of thermodynamics, meteorology, and
acoustics in popular form. Generally, the emphasis in the entire book is on
clarification of the physical nature of the phenomena under investigation.
The author considers the following scientists as prominent representa~
tives of the Soviet schogl of gas dynamics; A4~pdeaylt'ans S. A. Khristianovich,
Na Ye. Kochin (1901 m 1940, and M. V. Keldysh; T?a"Ae Kibel?,a corresponding
member pf the~AcedGmlY of Sciences; Professor F. I. Frankl', Corresponding mem-
ber of the Academy of Artillery Sciences; Professors A. A. Dorodnitsyn and Ya.
M. Serebriyskiy. The bibliography lists ?36 titles, mostly those of Soviet au-
thors
The presettt,,second, posthumous ~i,evinson died 10 Max?ch 1948) edition of
the book was edited by Docent B. Ya. Shumyatskiy, instructor of aerodynamics
in the Military Aeronautical.Eagiaeering Academy imeni Professor N. Ye. Zhukov-
skiy. In 1948, the academy published Ye. I. Levinson's other work, P sical
Fundamentals of the Aerodynamics o~ High Velocities.
ST(1TE NAVY
A(tMY AIR
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
~0(~FIDE~T4 ~'.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7 ~~]
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
V.
Fundamental Laws of the Motion of Gases
1
Physical Models of Flows and Methods for Investigation
.
2.
Equation of Continuity
104
3.
Bernoulli Equation
107
4
Fast and slow Flows
112
.
it3
5.
Incompressible Fluid
tions
lli E
6.
qua
Application of the Continuity and Bernou
to Separate Air Streams
116
VI.
Heating of Bodies in Gas Flow of Aigh Velocity
1.
Heating Due to Compression of Gas
Critical
t
119
2.
a
Temperature of the Air prag (Temperature a
Point)
120
3.
Heating Due to the Internal Friction of Gas in a
Boundary Layer
123
~+
Aistribution of Temperatures on the Cylinder Surface
.
j.
Temperature Measurements in a Gas Flow
aft
f Ai
126
6.
rcr
Influence cf the Air Drag on the Cooling o
Engines
129
7.
Wear o~ the Turtiine Blades
d
S
i
h
131
8.
pee
g
-
Problems Connected With the Heating of H
Aircraft
131
CONFIDENTIAL
~COI~FIdF~~~:Al.
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
VII Pressure and Ins~ruments Based on Pressure Measurements
1. Pressure of Air Drag (Pressure at a Critical Point)
2. Measuring the Velocity of Flight (Flow) With a Pitot
Consideration of the Effect of Air Compressi-
b
Tu
e.
143
bility - 156
3. Mach=?Number Indicator
Part 3. Flow of Gases in Pipes and Nozzles
VIII. Flow out of a Chamber
Maximum Velocity of Flow out of a Chamber (Discharge 165
Into Vacuum)
Dependence of the Gas rarameters i:: ~'~:1;;;=~ Cry==
Sections on the F'_ow Velocities 166
Dependence of the Sound Velocity on the Gas~Flow
Veloci:~y
Critical Velocity
Pressure. Density, and Temperature at the Critical
Velocity of Sound
168
l70
171
IX. Dependence of the Velocity of Gay F~.ow on the Shape of
Channel
Laval Nozzle 174
Work Principle of the Laval Nozzle 175
`P,&sl6ible Processes in the Laval Nozzle 179
Elementary Calculation of the Laval Nozzle 180
Influence of Friction on the Flow Process of Gas in 184
Pipes and Nozzles
Applicatlon of Laval Nozzles in Pipes and Nozzles 186
Travel Nozzle Under the Condltions Different From Those
Prescribed by Design 191
Additional~Notes to the Calculation of Nozzles 195
Transition Through the Sonic Velocity in the Pipe of 197
Constant Section
'X. High-?Speed Wind Tunnel
1. Working Principle and Layout of a Wind Tunnel' 203
2. Methods for Decreasing the Power of High-Speed Tunnels 204
3. Peculiarities in Construction of the Tunnels oY High 206
Sub~? and Supersonic Velocities 208
4. Short~Action Wind Tunnels
Part 4. Supersonic Air Flow Around Bodies and Shock Stall at Near-Sonic
Velocities
XI. Supersonic Air Flow Arouttd Bodies. Boundary Waves of Small
Disturbances, Compression Shocks, and Wave Drag ,
1.
Propagation of Sma11 Disturbances in an Air Flow
210
2.
Dissipation of Disturbances at the Subsonic Velocity of
a Flow and Their Concentration in Supersonic Flows. ,
Boundary Waves of Small Disturbances
212
3.
Supersonic Flow of Gas Around an Outer Obtuse Angle
215
-3- -
' CONFIDENTIAL
C01`iFOD~~".~~ ~~
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7
QQI~FIDEI~TI~r.
4.
Multiple Change in the Direction of Supersonic Flow and
Flow Around a Convex Curved Surface
216
5.
Flow Around a Concave Curved Surface and Inner Obtuse
Angle. Origination of Compression Shocks
216
6.
Compressioh Shocks in the Front of Bodies in Supersonic
Air Flow. Trailing Compression Shock
219
7,
Physical Nature of the Compression Shocks
22?
8.
Analogy to the Phenomenon of Explosion
224
9.
Wave Drag. Connection of Wave bosses With the Shape of
the Compression Shock
225
10..
Compression Shocks in the Laval Nozzles
236
xrl,
Theory of the Compression Shocks
r?~
t. v
1,
p
Theory of the Plane Com cession Shock
240
2,
Theory of the Oblique Compression Shock
258
X'[;II,
Wave Sta11 at Near??Sonic Velocities
1.
Local Supersonic Velocities and Local Compression Shocks.
Critical Mach Number
275
2.
Changes ir. Distribution of Pressure P.long a Wing
279
3.
Determinatior_ of the Critical Mach Number According to
Khristianovich~s Method Based on a Wind-Tunnel
A
S
..
..
lest of an Ai.rfoll at. Low Velocities
k
288
4,
on
Influence of the Airfoil Shape and Angle of Attac
the Critical Mach Number
289
Part 5? Aerod;~namic Characteristics and Aerodynamic Shapes of High-
speed Airplanes
XIV. Influence of the Compressibility of Air on the Aerodynamic
Characteristics of Airfoils and Solids of Revolution
1.
Formulas of Aerodynamic Forces and Moments
294
2.
Influence of Air Compressibility on Aerodynamic Charac-
teristics at Subcritical MAch Numbers
297
3.
Aerodynamic Characteristic8 of Airfoils at Subsonic Mach
Numbers
300
4.
Drag of Bodies at Supersonic Speeds and Certain General-
izations
305
XV.
Aerodynamic Shapes of High-?Speed Aircraft
]..
Wing Profiles for High-Speed Aircraft
318
2.
Wings of Small Aspect Ratios
323
3.
Backswept Wings
326
4.
Fuselage and Mutual Influence of Wing and Fuselage
330
5.
Problems of the Aerodynamics of a Supersonic Aircraft
332
6.
Possibilities for Application of Propellers
337
7.
Optimum Altitude of Flight
342
8.
Some Remarks on the Problems Related to the Repair and
Servicing of High-?Speed Aircraft
342.
COE~FIDEI~T"~"~.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400432-7