ISSUE ORDERS ON AGRICULTURE IN RELATION TO LAND REFORM; CRITICIZE BOTH CADRES AND FARMERS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600360852-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 22, 2011
• Sequence Number: 852
• Publication Date: December 12, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL ~ONFIDENT~AL
INFOF2MATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
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Of ITf CONT[NTf IN ANT YANN[R TO AM UNAVTNORI7[D 1[RlON If INO?
NI pITtD tT LAN. N[IRODV CTION 01 iNlt TORY If IRONIpI Tt D.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950
DATE DIST. / ~- Dec 1950
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
KwaRgtung?s land reform program will be spread over 3 years.
It will be carried out in only three hsiens and certain special
administrative districts in Cadres are warned against collusion
with landlords. All people have a duty to report sabotage of
the program.
Consciousness of individual responsibility for preservation
of crops, promotion of seed selection, deeper. plowing, and 20-
percent expansion of area under cotton in 1951 are urged by the
Central government.
Farmers in East and Central China are criticized by authori-
ties for extravagence in spending of income from 1950 crops. Agri-
cultural leadership cadres in Shantung are criticized by people
for lack of interest in their responsibilities.
The Shantung Branch of the People's Hank will make autumn
agricultural loansp largely in cash at one percent per month
interest. Trading companies in Chekiang have organized buying
up fall crops and distributing consumers'goods. Present renters
who plant winter crops are assured they will not lose investment
when laud gets new owners in land-reform program.
Short-term schools for training agricultural workers in the
Northeast increase from Your to ten and pupils from 81 to 1,812.
KWANGTUNG ISSUES ORDERS ON LAND REFORM -- Hong Kong, Wea-hui Pao, 28 Oct 50
Canton, 27 October 1950 -- Since Kwangtung is a newly liberated area the
land-reform program in Kwangtung Province will be spread over a 3-year period.
Three hsiens and certain special administrative districts will be selected for
carrying out the program this winter. The provincial authorities have issued
the following iastructians to guide local administrators:
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COUNTRY China
SUBJECT Economic - Agriculture
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED China
DATE
PUBLISHED 1 Sep - 28 Oct 1950
LANGUAGE Chinese
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~ONFI~~~~'~~~!
1. All cadres and military personnel in areas where land reform is pro-
ceeding should meticulously observe the provisions of the land-reform law. Any
attempts on the part of landlords to obstruct the program or violate the pro-
visions of the law shall be promptly and severely punished. No person shall
enter into collusion with landlords to hide property or accept bribes for ne-
farious purposes. Violators of this order shall be prosecuted.
2. In areas outside the hsiens where the land-reform program is being
carried out, the rent-reduction and production movements should be promoted,
together with bandit suppression, special agent elimination, and opposition
to evil landlords. There should be strengthening of basic governmental struc-
ture and promotion of all people's organizations, including the armed parti-
sans groups, in preparation for the land reform to be carried fonaard during
next 2 years.
3. Whether in land-reform areas or in other areas, all revolutionary
progressive programs should be combined with rehabilitation and expansion of
production.
Care should be taken to preserve industry and commerce, the income
of the workers, the principle of securing the crop to the planter, ownership
of land, the privilege of hiring labor, mutual bargaining over wages, and
free borrowing with repayment assured and interest rates decided by mgolr~e~magnt
of parties concerned. Landlords should be prohibited from selling,
ing, or giving away land, slaughter of assn...=.ls, felling of trees, or destruc-
tion of farming equipment or crops. Violators should be vigorously prosecuted.
4. Everyone has the duty of reporting all forms of sabotage and attempts
to create disorder. It is hoped that all the people in the province will con-
form to these regulations to assure the success of this historic reform.
ADM[NISTRATIVE COUNCIL ISSUES ORDER ON AUTUMN AGRICULTURE -- Tsinan, Ta-chung
Jih~pao, 1 Sep 50
Peiping, 30 August 1950 (Hain-hua).-- The main points of .a directive of
the Finance and Economic Committee of the Administration Council of the Peo-
ple s Government of China with regard to care of the autumn harvest and plant-
ing of winter crops are as followsa
1, promote public consciousness of the people's responsibility for pre-
servation of the fruits of their labors. Continue elimination of the operations
of special agents with a goal of delivering the agricultural population from all
losses from such sources.
2. Continue and intensify the seed selection movement.
3. Promote speed and depth in autumn planting.
4. Although expansion of winter wheat planting is being urged, land should
not be planted to wheat to the exclusion of the plan for expanding cotton planting
for 1951? A 2U-percent expansion is planned. Wheat seed should be selected and
given treatment to destroy deleterious plant disease bacteria before planting.
On land where certain plant diseases have been prevalent for some time there
should be a rotation of crops not affected by such disease.
5. There should be a greater effort to improve the leadership in carrying
out the agricultural program.
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coNFIDENTIAL 50X1-H U M
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS URGE AUSTERITY ON PEASANTS -= Hong Kong, Wen-hui Pao,
25 oct 50
Peiping, 24 October 1950 (Hsin-hua) -- The authorities of Fukien, Hupeh,
South Kiangsu, and South Anhwei are in the midst of an educational campaign
among the peasants of these provinces to promote better attention to produc-
tion and austerity.
The campaign is occasioned by reports that since the recent harvest of
a bumper crop some of the farmers have been squandering their income on super-
stitious worship of the gods, gambling, and extravagant gastronomical excesses.
In one area the people, though ordinarily in poor circumstances, bought so much
fish that the price of this commodity rose 40 percent in 10 days.
In a number of countries in Shantung Province the leadership has failed
to pay attention to the problems of the farmers in carrying out promptly the
autumn harvest and autumn planting program.
In some areas there is a shortage of work animals which the authorities
have failed to take notice of and find a solution for. Cadres are asleep and
do not regard a Yew days? delay in farming operations as important. In some
areas there are many families of cripples, widows, and other folk who cannot
hRTVP. (i~: fnr th@lIl?@1VfF, The CAdreB h9Ve npt Cf1TICeT'1'led themRe lVPa with ht+l p_
ing these people.
The autumn agricultural loans of the Shantung Branch of the People's Bank
for 1950 will be mainly in cash, but certain amounts of grain, fertilizer, and
insecticides-will be loaned in kind.
The bank insists that local authorities should carefully investigate and
apportion the loans according to the local needs, with regard to topography,
soil fertility, prevalence of crop pests, etc.
The cooperatives should play an important part in the handling of the
loans., The interest rate will be one percent one month.
The various financial and trade agencies of Chekiang Province have or-
ganized to buy up the fall crops sad supply the consumers' goods the farmers
will be able to purchase with their crop income. Both public and private
capital sad agencies are involved, and the consumer cooperatives will be mo-
bilized to help iu the collection of crops and distribution of goods. There
are 350,000 piculs of cotton, 60,000 piculs of hemp, and 45,0000 piculs of
autumn silk cocoons to be handled in the province.
INSTRUCTION ON PLANTING DURING LAND REFORM -- Chekiang Jih-pao, 19 Sep 50
To protect the interests of the farmers during the period of land re-
form the East China Military and Administrative Committee has issued the
following instructions:
COI~~B~7~~1~~~
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~0~~~~~~~I~L
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~io~F~~~~~~~~
1. In the areas where land reform is to be carried out this winter,
under the general policy that the cultivator should reap the fruits of his
labors, present planters shall determine by consultation with those who re-
ceive new title to the land as to the division of expense and income, or the
new owner shall reimburse the planter for all of his costs of seed, labor,
and fertilizer in .putting in the winter crop.
2. In areas where land reform is not being carried out this winter,
rent reduction shall be thoroughly carried out, landlords shall carry out
the reduction according to the law. Opposition by landlords shall not be
permitted. After the legal reductions have been made, the people should pay
their rents in accord with the law.
SHORT-COURSE SCHOOIS PROSPER -= Hong Koag, Wen-hui Pao, 24 Oct 50
Mukden, 23 October 1950 (Hsin-hua) -- Short-term schools in Manchuria
for the preparation of intelligent industrial and agricultural technicians
have rapidly expanded from four tc ten, and the number of students from 81
to 1,812.
The students in these schools are more serious minded and harder xork-
ing than those in the ordinary middle schools. The chief courses are na-
tional language and arithmetic.. Many students who, when they entered school,
could not write a halting composition of more than 200 or 300 characters, can
naw write a very lucid one of 70o nr 8nn characters. Others who had no know-
ledge of arithmetic on entering school now perform the four basic operations.
Both teachers and students are confident they can easily finish the re-
quired work in the 3 years allotted for the course.
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