ISSUES NEW REGULATIONS FOR MACHINE-TRACTOR STATIONS IN BULGARIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600340861-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 16, 2011
• Sequence Number: 861
• Publication Date: September 27, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
ISSUES NEW REGULATIONS
FOR MACHINE-TRACTOR STATIONS IN BULGARIA
Machine-tractor work throughout Bulgaria is constantly increasing in volume
and importance. Soft plowing operations in 1949 covered 11,418,000 decares, and
80 percent of all agricultural work was done by tractor. Since October l9491on
tractor work has been paid for in kind. Before the end of that year,
decares of soft plowing had been paid for under this system. In. spite of this
progress, many shortcomings still prevail in MTS, the most serious of which are:
1. Poor leadership and laxity on the part of the Ministry of Agriculture
in assisting and controlling k7S;
2. Political directors, their aooistante, and other supervisors have in-
sufficient authority to insure plan fulfillment. Because of this weakness, the
1949 plan was fulfilled only 91.5 percent. The NITS are late in sending their
machines to farm workers' cooperatives, and fail to complete their work promptly
and properly.
3. The late signing of contracts between MPS and fas supervisors cooperatives
and failure of both parties to fulfill them properly. MT S failed to insist that cooperative farmers clear their fields. This failure has
caused the breakdown of many tractors, and the tractor operators were fined for
the accidents. Fuel and lubricants have not been furnished on time.
4. The MPS are not used to full capacity, working time is not fully
utilized, and too little attention is paid to economy and cost reduction.
5. Prevailing wage rates tend to equalize work and are harmful rather
than stimulating to individual. effort.
6. Agricultural and repair work lack a unified program and do not follow
the experience of the Soviet MPS and their operators. The people's soviets and
Party committees do not cooperate sufficiently with the MPS in helping to solve
their problems.
7. Too frequent changes of political directors and other supervisory per-
sonnel disrupt the work. I'istrict committees of the Communist Party sometimes
dismiss capable supervisors and appoint individuals much less suited for the job,
without consulting the Ministry of Agriculture.
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CLASSIFICATION CO1 'fDENTIAt CONFIDEN II AL
STATE
ARMY
NAW
IN AIR
K
NSRB
FBI
DISTRIBUTION
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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
OR RADIO BROADCASTS
REPOR
CD NO.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS
Bulgaria
Economic - Machine-tractor regulations
DATE O
INFORM
DATE D
F
ATION
IST.
1950
4 Sep 1950
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
Daily newspaper
NO. OF PAGES
8
PUBLISHED
Sofia
DATE
PUBLISHED 25 Jun 1950
SUPPLEMENT
TO
LANGUAGE Bulgarian
REPORT NO.
7X11 OOCUNINT CONTAIN/ INBOI10N 1C71NI TAO NATIONAL D11`1052
O/ TNf UNIT" 110111 011NINNA7iMt 1111111 or OIBIONAII ACT $0
V, 1. C.. I I AMO ..... *010010. ITt TIAN$NI1{ION OA TNl NIVILATION
01 I11 CO NTI NTO IN ANT NANKIN TO AN UNAUTNONIII1 BCA$ON It BIO?
NIIITIO BY LAW. IIBIODUCTION OB 111$ BONN 11 /IO NIIITII.
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CONFIDENTIAL .
Since the introduction of payments in kind and the transfer of MPS to the
state budget on 1 January 1950, the role of MPS as a moving force of the admin-
istration has strongly increased. They are now the main instrument for the
socialist reconstruction of agriculture.
To improve their. operations, the Council of Ministers and the Central Com-
mittee of the Bulgarian Communist Party have issued the following decree:
Strengthening and Imnrovement of MPS
1. The Ministry of Agriculture, the district and okoliys people's soviets,
and committees of the Bulgarian Communist Party are directed to improve their
control and supervision of MPS. Unconditional plan fulfillment must be reached
by every MPS and brigade.
The main purpose of MPS will be to expand the area worked by MTS on
farm workers' cooperatives, increase the yields, increase the use of the tractor
park, improve work operations, and insure the pr~opertcompleti nhofsfa m work
according to the agricultural calendar, early produce for payments in kind according to the plan.
MPS plans can be fulfilled onlytiowhen he n, spring moowwing, oharationsghave
been completed. spring plowing, , p n6 and
threshing, stubble-field plowing, deep plowing, preliminary fall sowing, and
fall sowing. The plans for all these operations must be fulfilled according
to quantity and quality.
The agriculturists of the okoliys people's soviets will act as state
controllers of MIS work with regard to quality and quantity, and will be pro-
vided with special instructions from the Ministry of Agriculture.
2. The MTS and the farm workers' cooperatives will conclude standard
agreements. The area to be cultivated by tractor must be established before
the end of November and is to be specified in the contracts, which must be
concluded before the end of January. MPS supervisors must report the progress
of operations twice yearly to the farm workers' cooperatives and to their gen-
eral assembly.
3. The Ministry of Agriculture is directed to improve the work of the MPS
by the with Sovmore iet efficient leadership
Administriistion, methods the adopted atations
and follow more closely th
Within one month, the agricultural departments of the people's soviets
will appoint inspector-instructors for every five to eight MPS, and the Ministry
of Finance will release 2,500,000 lava to pay the salaries of 14 of these super-
visors.
4. The district and okoliys people's soviets and committees of the Bulgarian
Communist Party are not authorized to suspend efficient supervisors of MTS without
previous authorization from the Ministry of Agriculture and the agricultural de-
partment heretofore.ert in
permanent positions and granted better living conditions 5. The Ministry of Agriculture is directed to establish training courses
to improve the qualifications of MTS personnel. 'MPS directors will organize 3-
month winter courses, to be held 2 hours daily after -working hours, to train
operators, brigade leaders, repairmen, etc. The ministry will also improve the
courses in machine-tractor schools and establish 10-month courses for operators,
who will. also be trained as mechanics.
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6, The Ministry of Agriculture is d.irected.to improve the MTS repair shops,
to equip the new b'TS with a greater nnn her of mechanic's tools, and to provide
9. sufficient number of measuring and fitting instruments, according to the 1950
plan
The MTS are authorized to keep 30 automobiles and 45 motorcycles on hand.
The gasoline will be char$Ed to the savings made.
The Ministry of Agriculture is directed to improve the four enterprises
'statiished to overhaul threshing machines and tractors and produce spare parts,
which are located in Pleven, Tolbukhin, Ncva Zagora, and the Bru_sevtsi-Lomsko
Fs.ilroad Station. Before the end of 1950, .33 thrashing machines and 88 tractors
are to be overhauled, 36 wagons manufactured, and the plan for spare parts fully
e.ccomplished..
7, The Ministry of Agriculture is directed to maintain proper control and
economy in all MTS, to establish strict personal responsibility for machine
operators, and to combat waste of fuel, lubricants, and other materials.
Violations will be penalized. by fines, and more serious failures will
be prosecuted under the penal law.
Strengtbeing and Im2rrovement of Tra2Lor_Briftades
1: Brigades will be established as the essential units for tractor work,
and will be equipped with a permanent staff and machinery. The brigade will con-
sist of three to six tractors of the caterpillar or wheel type, and an adequate
number of machine attachments
2. MTS directors are instructed to establish annually, before 15 February,
the permanent location of the brigades and of their staff and property. The
equipment, including tractors, threshing machines, machine attachments, tools,
fuel and lubricant containers, etc., will be registered on the personal docu-
ments of the members. The brigade leader will be responsible for the proper
maintenance and dispatching of the machines to their assignments. A transfer
from one brigade to another may be authorized only on presentation of a written
permit from the agronomic or technical supervisor.
3. To prevent the depersonalization of brigade work, MPS directors are in-
structed to attach the brigades for at least 2 years to a specified district and
farm workers' cooperative.
Before 15 February, brigade leaders must be furnished with the year's
work and finance plan, and 10 days before the start of seasonal campaigns, they
shall receive an outline of their seasonal assignment, including the exact
specifications and scope of every operation.
4. A senior operator will be appointed to take charge of individual tractors
and machine attachments. The technical supervisor will be responsible for the
entire machine-tractor park, and the brigade leader for all machinery of the bri-
gade.
5. The brigades will be set up as follows: one brigade leader; one
accountant-manager; one senior operator and one shift operator for every cater-
pillar tractor of the s-8o, STZ-NATI, KD-35, and other types; one senior opera-
tor for wheel tractors of 21 to 44 horsepower, with one shift operator for oper-
ations on two shifts; and one operator for light tractors not exceeding 26
horsepower. MPS directors are instructed to operate all caterpillar tractors
on two shifts.
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II,
CONFIFNIItAL
6. Farm workers' cooperatives are directed to dispatch their members to
operate the machine attachments.. The personnel will be assigned for at least
one full season. They will be trained in courses by MPS directors. For work
on private farms, machine-attachment operators will be furnished by the MPS and
paid. by the ind.ividual farmers.
1 The previous system of wages based Cu the area covered daily is abol-
ished.
%, The following rates are established for every type of agricultural
Starting 1 July 1950, payments in cash and kind will be as follows:
(a) senior operators on S-80 tractors will receive 980 leva per shift and 9.6
kilograms of wheat free; (b) senior operators on STZ-NATI and Bulldog 55-horse-
power tractors will receive 770 leva per shift and 7.7 kilograms of wheat; (c)
senior operators on KD 35-horsepower, Bulldog 45-horsepower, and Hanomag LHan-
noversche Maschinenbau Gese.llschaff 50-horsepower tractors will receive 700
levy per shift and 7 kilograms of wheat; (d) senior operators of 38 to 40-horse-
power Hanomag tractors will receive 675 leva per shift and 6.75 kilograms of
wheat; (e) senior operators of Bulldog 35-horsepower, McCormick 30-horsepower,
and Hart-Parr 18 to 36-horsepower tractors will receive 640 leva per shift and
6.4 kilograms of wheat; (f) senior operators of Deutz 28 to 30-horsepower,
Case 32-horsepower, John Deere 32-horsepower, and Qliv ?? '0-horsepower tractors
will receive 595 levaper shift and r, 95 kilograms 'f wheat; (g) senior
operators of Fordeor. 34-h:,rsenower; Va'_l-'.s ` sicr 30-horsepower, John
Deere 27-horsepower, and Bulldcg, 25-horsepower tractors will receive 570
levy per shift and. 5.7 kilograms of wheat; (h) senior operators of Universal
22-horsepower and other light tractors will receive 500 leva per shift and 5
kilograms of wheat..
'Shift operators will receive 10 percent lees than senior operators.
Brigade operators will receive 25 percent over and above the average wage of
the senior operator of the brigade, and accountant-managers will receive 60
percent of the wage of brigade members. Thus, for example, when a tractor
brigade employs three senior operators who are paid 120, 140, and 100 leva a
.day respectively, the average will amount to 360 divided by 3, or 120 leva.
The brigade member will receive 120 Nip 2' perccnt, or - -- 150 lev xnd the
accountant-manager 90 leva.
3. Apart from their wages, brigade members, tractor operators, and
accountant-managers will receive extra compensation for proper cultivation, plan.
fulfillment, observing agricultural calendars, work in excess of the norm, and
prompt completion of assignments. The premiums will range from 15 to 30 per-
cent of their wages.
4. Wages are paid for work actually completed. Poor performance will
be rejected and the work will not be paid for; the operation will be dupli-
cated at the expense of the careless employee.
Tractor operations will be checked every day by the field brigade
leader of the farm workers' cooperative, who will record work standards and
sign the work sheets of tractor personnel. Immediately after completion of
the operations, and not later than Friday, the work sheets must be signed by
all MT8 and cooperative supervisors concerned, and they payments due from
the cooperative will be computed on this basis.
If tractor operators fail to plow to the depth prescribed in the con-
tracts, 50 percent of the fuel and lubricants required to repeat the operation
will be witheld from their wages, and 10 percent will be deducted. for each
decare if the work does not have to be repeated.
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CONFMP MM1
5 P9.yments in kind. will be ma,de twice. a month. In wheat or other grain
of the same price- The grain will be supplied from the warehouses of the Main
Grain Supply Administration at ceiling prices, plus one levy for the cost of
delivery, It will. be delivered upon rer!ei.pt of the proper document stating
that MPS have paid for the amount of grain released to the individual tractor
operators for payments in kind.
6. If the operations on farm workers' cooperatives do not produce the
yield expected according to the contract, the brigade's payments in kind are
reduced by 10 percent, The yield is established by the end of the year.
However, if the failure is due to natural causes, payments will not be reduced.
A 60-percent share of the payments is distributed every month and the balance
at the end of the year, before l December-
7. Tractor personnel and other brigades employed. on state farms are paid
the same rates as MTS personnel..
8. When the yield of the area cultivated by tractor exceeds the plan,
tractor personnel will receive additional payments in kind at the same rate as
those paid to cooperative members for exceeding the plan.
1.. Single threshing machines will be operated by a crew of four, twin ma-
chines by a crew of five. The senior operator is the head. of each crew and has
full responsibility for the quality and quantity of the grain and its proper
delivery.
MTS directors are instructed to establish 5-day training courses for
threshing-machine personnel.
2, New wage rates for the personnel, effective 1. June 1950, will consist
of payments in cash and kind. They will vary from 16 to 25 leva and from 0.8
to 1,5 kilograms of grain per ton of grain threshed for brigade members, and
from 28 to 50 leva for accountant-clerks. Repair personnel will be paid 16 to
18 leva and 0,6 to 1.1 kilograms of grain per hour.
Work achievements exceeding the daily norm will be rewarded by addi-
tional payments in cash and kind. Premiums will also be awarded for high-standard,
accurate work performance and for good maintenance of machines. They will range
from 3,000 to 5,000 leva.,
Threshing personnel on state farms will be paid the same rates as in MTS.
Wages of Combine Personnel
1. Personnel employed on 15-foot combines will receive wages ranging from
12 to 16 leva per decare and from 1 to 1.6 kilograms of grain for every ton of
grain threshed. The remaining regulations correspond to those for tractor per-
sonnel.
2. Personnel working on state farm combines will be paid the same rates as
on MTS.
1. The following regulations will be binding on land blocks exceeding 70
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CONFIDENI!At
The MiniBt r, of gar:_ultuxe mr,v redo-e or ir^rease agricultural work
norms -up to 15 percent for every MTS according to coil and terrain conditions,
relief, plowing depth, area of :and, and work productivity.
The Ministry of .Agri:ulture is ilrected to establish, before the end
of 1950, the norms for agricultural work and. expenditures for fuel and lubri-
cants, and to put them into effect in 1951.. The MTS directors are likewise
authorized to adjust the norms by 10 to 15 percent and the limit of fuel and
lubricant e.xpendi.turee by up to 10 percent, according to local conditions.
The bonuses awexiei for caving fuel and. lubricants will range from 5
to 42 percent of the of the materiel saved. (computed at ceiling prices).
For saving used oil, tractor operatcrs will receive 25 percent of the price
of the oil allotted to them
On the other hand., tractor personnel will be penalized for rxceeeive
use of oil. and fuel by fines ranging from 5 to 75 percent of the price of the
material wasted.
3, MTS directors are instructed to e=_Lsbllsh weekly work norms and norms
for the use of fuel and lubric.ant.E. Work in excess of the norm and savings of
fuel and lubricants will be rewarded by bonuses established at the end of every
week and payable at the end of the month The average norm for fuel. used on
STZ-NATI tractors is 840 ki.lograme per 420 de-axes
4, Proper work performance on two consecutive shifts will be rewarded by
a bonus of 5,000 leva for the tractor operator., 6,000 Ieva for the brigade mem-
ber, and 3,000 levy for the accountant-manager.
5. Good maintenance of tractors and machine attachments will be rewarded
by a bonus. of 10,000 leva at the end of the year.
.6. All bonuses will be paid from the MTS budget.
Technical MAintenance of the Machine -Tractor, Park
1. MTS directors are instructed to train their personnel within one month
for the proper maintenance of their machinery.
2. Threry M' will set uo monthly mans for repair and Maintenance work.
The machines will be admitted for repair only on presentation of. a certificate
signed by the technical control authorities. The technical supervisor must
keep a file of all machines and. tools allotted to his station.
3. The tractor personnel and work brigades will also be in charge of repair
work, which is to be done at the end of every agricultural campaign and must be
concluded at least 10 days before the beginning of the next campaign. They will
be paid at the rate established for repair workers.
4. MTS directors are instructed to establish repair norms, rates for pay-
ments by the job or individual unit, and the premiums for repair work completed
ahead of schedule.
Bonuses for Supervisory Personnel
1. MTS supervisory personnel will receive bonuses equal to their monthly
salary for the prompt and proper fulfillment of agricultural plans.
2. Mechanics and repair-shop supervisors will receive bonuses equal to
their 2-weeks' wage for proper plan fulfillment.
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CONFIDENTIAL
NrI.^ wer.k_ " wane frr the
f r , :. :ol-1e,t
pr-f,e, .r k:a, sot tb, i.on of the
necessary g'-arn
m rovem-n+. of Li e?nr coniltt
1, MTS p=r to . .:ne category es the
c,rr ?? ni,_. _yi k a.:9 ape t tr ._. p o_r..l=':
?-0V_10? on toe _s - foot nq_ w^-k'.
cons of soap
t'.: tie .: y 9.n:1 1?=O for t0 ,:se cf MTS workers
Pa.vmen'_ In tint wtil be paid in fi.li e i are not subject to nompulsory
dc...lver:. E,
LSocial. ....tar.* :cntribt,tlaia wi... be ra.s i. on pa.,'meni:, in cash and
kin", and will he pa:. rv 'he MPS,
1. The work of tea.-:tor operators will be Qre.i':d goci, fair, :tnd unse.tie-
fac_tory, The ar.aying will be done by th- leaders of the farm
workers' -o;?perative will be enterel on the work sheets of tractor personnel
Disagreements will be -_ttled.by the i!.:irtct people's soviet
2. 0uteta.ndiug workers will be rews,-i>: by presentation of the Outstanding
MPS Operator ineign;e
7, rovement of Pol iii : al S tanis.r9_
1, The main aeec,znmente of M TS colttlc =:~ ,`:ere-r.or= viii. be. (a) to
strengthen party, trade-;;t,ior, y.ud Di,r.itro-)v Youth. A=._oci':tlon organizations,
and to activate the entire persoon for the prompt end proper fulfillment of
the agricultural ant. r.ep+_r plan.; !h) to assure count re:l.ations between the
MTS and farm workers' cooperatives, the ee.rly :onc.lu,ier. of contracts, and
their accurate ful.fil.Lnent; i^-! to organize EocisL.et competitions, control work.
achievemen+s, create the proper conditions for higher achievements, and.con-
si.stentl,y :.r_eu.lc-te the experience of the Soviet MTS, (d.) to supervise the
proper fulfillment .of government regulations; (e) to strive for the- consolida-
tion of collective work methods by strengthening the administrative soviets of
MTS
2. The Ministry of Agricultureis directed to improve the political leader-
ship of MTS and to coordinate its work with the activities of the Central Com-
mittee of the. Bulgarian Conpnunist Party,
A large-scale competitive work program is to be established with the
cooperation of the agricultural and mine-workers' trade unions and the Central
Committee of the Dimitrov Youth. Association.
Improvement of Financial Standards and Accounting
1. The Ministry of Agriculture is directed to put into effect strict fin-
ancial discipline and an accurate accounting system for all MTS.
The directors of MTS are instructed to report all agreements for ray-
ment6 in kind and. cash. and to keep accurate accounts of every MTS activity.,
Ad1a1R'1irna , e ^
uunririci I LA!
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2. The Ministry of Finance is directed- (a) to provide the funds necessary
for exceeding the plans; (b) to issue directions to the financial departments of
people's soviets to take over the debit statements of the MTS within one month,
beginning 1 July 1950, and to instruct the MTS to prepare their list of debits
by the same date.
3 The Bulgarian National Bank is directed to advance to those MTS which
exceed their quarterly plans the-funds requirei for their extended activity.
The Council of Ministers
The Centrel Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party
l-wuw.w~..Aw. ..
!UIrIutII ML
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