SMALL PEASANTS CONTINUE TO JOIN PRODUCERS COOPERATIVES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600310197-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 15, 2011
• Sequence Number: 197
• Publication Date: May 11, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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,CLASSIFICATION CONFmENTIAL ~OHFIUENTIAL
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMEh f3 OR RADIO BROADCA5T3
CD t:O.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
Poland
Political; ECOnomi~ -Cooperatives
DATE OF
INFORMATION 195
DATE DIST. // May 1950
PUBLISHED
Thrice-weekly, daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED
Y7arsaw; Katowice
N0. OF PAGES
3
DATE
PUBLISHED
1~, 15 Feb 1950
LANGUAGE
polish
SUPPLEME~lT TO
REPORT N0.
mu ooernar eorrwr urorr-nor unmrr rrr rAnoru ranrra
or na rnno n~nr nrru na runs or amor~sr ~cr se
r. r. e., n ?ro ra, u ?ruou. m n?rnuaor oa na anrunor
or m cornrn a err uuu m ?r ra~rrronaao ranor a rao-
rump n u~. unowrnor or rnr roar a nonuns.
SMALL PEASANTS CONTINUE TO JOIN PRODUCERS COOPERATIVES
PRODUCERS' COOPERAT~t~ES, STEP TOWARD COLLECTIVE FARMING -- Rolnik Polski,
No 19, 1~ Feb 50
There are now 405 producers' cooperatives in Poland. As of 28 January
1950, there were 348 cooperatives registered, with 175 set up within the pre-
ceding 3 months. Esrly in?January, there were 273 producers' cooperatives.
At a meeting of secretaries of wojewodztwo and powiat committees of thF
PZPR (United Polish Workers Party) on 31 January 1950, Roman Zambrowski, sEC~
retary ;f the Cen+.ral Committee of the PZPR, stated that while the re is no
mass mu~ement as yet, a large number of small- and medium-farm holders through
their delegates, are getting acquainted with the Soviet collective farmers and
with the advantages of such farming. Farmers are getting away from the bad
propaganda spread by kulaks regarding producers' cooperatives.
Hetmanski, chairman of the 1Jojewodztwo National Council in Poznan, stated
that in the Poznan area there is a great interest in cooperatives. In Nowy
Tomysl Powiat, when meetings were first held, it was difficult to get anyone
to attend; new meetings are well sttended by farmers.
There are still too few producers' cooperatives in the old villages --
only 27 were organized. Various party organizations still do not appreciate
the importance of expanding Type I producers' cooperatives as only 24 have
been set-up. Cooperation between the PZPR and the ZSL (United Peasant Party)
is still weak with regard to the orga..ization of producers' cooperatives.
Many producers' cooperatives have already attained high production. The
successful cooperatives are those which apply the standard definitions of man-
days contributed for each category of work, where the members have registered
their livestock, and where members contribute work for improvements and apply
for credit only when necessary. Among the 51 producers' cooperatives in Wro-
claw, Olsztyn, Slask, Szczecin, Gdansk, Lublin, and Warsaw wojewodztwos on
which harvest figures were obtained, harvests in 47 cooperatives were kiigher
than in nearby farmsteads that were not associated. In 20 producers' coopera-
tives in Poznan Wojewodztwo which had joint harvests, the yield was hi~her
than for independent farmers in the nearby villages.
H
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~O~dFIDE~1~lAL
corlrzr!LV2Ln
T'.te "lj Grudnia" Cocperative, which is i:: ~s:czarriet;ko, 41a1brzych Powiat,
started with 42 members, same of whom had bc~n in USSR during the war. Its
.even-member party organization is active and cooperates closely with the
Yo*aiat committee. All important cooperative matters, such as credits, con-
struction of nerr farm buildings, etc., are di^;c~zased with the party organi.-
zation, with the powiat cemmittc-e, and rorith tl:r agricultural division of tite
wojewodztwo committee. Th=_ cooperative has 31sU hectares of arable land, 85
town.., ?5 horses, r~. ].c?r~e number of hogs, veg^tab].e and flcrrer hotbeds, an
apiruy with 40 hive^, granary, stora?e sl:a:;e for fertilizerti, milk station,
carpenter shop, blacaetrith shop, clubhouse, ltinderoarten and nursery, theatre,
radio relay station t'or rebro'~~:cr.:,tirg, and louds,peahers in every home. Dur-
ingr 1950, two barns i'or ].00 cows will be built.
I?lary cooperative still de not apply thy, man-days standard in their ac-
~ounting. This encnurag~.? arr.:ers to wort, on their orrn plots. Idai~y estab-
lished cooperatives fail to avail themselves of livestockt owned by members
before spplying for credit to purchase other livestock. Others have neglected
their duties, failing to report tai evssion, and hoarding on the part of
wealthy farmers.
PROiiUCc:R::' COOPhRI1TIVES IId SLASK -- Trybuna Robotnicza, No 46, 15 Feb 50
In line with the PAR ~tJr,itec.Polish'dcrk,rs Party) declaration +,hat the
welfare of the working peasant, increased agricultural production, and the
use of the lateit scientific and technical discoveries is possible Duly th:ou~;h
collective management in +.he form of producers' cooperatives, prelir.:inary wont
for t;he organization of the first producers' cooperatives in Slaslt';as started
earl;; i n 1949.
Fro?lucer cooperatives Types I, II, and III were discussed and explained
anti an intensive effort was msd~ to convince thy. peasants that collective
raara~rrie.~i; was far superior tv individual trrnagement. Some villagers were
convinced; approved, and decided quickly, others delayed because of opposi-
tion from their wives.
Six producer,' cooperative, trere organized: Tyne II in Amantow, Raci-
boi?z Powiat; Type III in Uliwice, Plysa Powiat, in Goraszewice, Grodkow Powiat,
in Karczow a.nd Piotrltow, Niemod'_in Powiat, and in Bzinica Nowa, Lubliniec
Powiat. Only three began cooperative operations immediately, the others
wsited until the fall harvest.
Long-teen Production plans and yearly production plans were worked out
^or these three cooperatives; a bookheepin~ system was set up and they re-
ceived technical help to facilitate the achievement of their plans. Spring
sotring and the planting of root crops were accomplished very efficiently and
the peasants catside the cooperatives became slowly convinced that work pro-
~resses better in the cooperatives. Other cooperatives were organized in
S?iy~oka, Jluczycc Powiat, in Wilamowa, rly.^,a Powiat, in bliechowa, liluczbork
Powiat, in Grodczarki, Racibo:z Powiat, and in Biedzialy and Kaly in Onole
Powiat. The leading poFriat is rlysa where Type III cooperatives are being
organized in Glebinow, Biala Nysa, and Gonna Wies.
P,fter the harvest of 1949, the rn~tnber of registered cooperatives was 21
and the number organized, ~+5. At present, there are 60 organized, of which
38 are registered and the remainder expecti to be registered soon.
In accordance with th~~ statute, the inventories are registered with the
cooperatives, and state cre:iits are 3.s sued to the peasants fo>. repairs of
outbuildings and faxlnhouses sad for additional livestock. The yearly income
will be clivi.ded among the members according +o the amount of labor contributed.
~o~F~~~~rra~
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~QI~FI~E~~IAI
The management of the 14 cooperatives is very efficient; their livestock
includes fx?om 15 to 70 head of cattle, a sufficient number of horses, and 70
hogs. This convinces the peasants that the producers' cooperatives are not a
temporary illusion but are real and permanent and the future of the small and
medium farmer.
Socialism in the villages can be assured only by continued restrictions
against the village kulaks ending in their elimination from the economic and
social life of the village.
The best proof of the superiority of the cooperatives for the peasants
i~ the fact that members of cooperatives for the past year received an aver-
age of 15,000 zlotys per month, in kind or in cash, and in addition could
operate their own farmsteads consisting of onP or two coons with their young,
pigs, and poultry, and could occasionally butcher a 100 or 150-kilogram hog.
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