COMMENTS ON UKRAINIAN VETERINARY MEDICINE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600040573-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 19, 2011
• Sequence Number: 573
• Publication Date: October 13, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION CON k'31)ENTIAL/ Eeu1 rry nMMM
,pv
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED I9Y SOURCE
U OF nwOORTION
l.a.?,nu ?r an. :a. N.4.Y?.U../ nu .u. i? n??~un.?,..
DATE DISTR./3 O .T ra
NO. OF PAGES 3
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED SELO*)
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Status of Veterinary Profession
1. tinder the Soviet occupation the Ministry of Agriculture in lleseov was
of animal disease control for the tfrraine. The snit aim in charge
ible
Planning and administration was the Chief Veterinary lb tly responsible for
dicai Adelaistration.
This organ had a regional office in the regional headquarters_ of the lnnistryr
of Agriculture at Kiev. I~lthough it was set 'AP as an administrative or,
main operating function was to translate the existing and_a gulationse
sent from Moscow into the tAa'ainian language. This office is. in charge
of printing and distributing this printed matter. Althoyg4 yN Oe .
Administration in Kiev was part of the Ministry of Agrierriturs~ I diee inary
there
Vse responsible only to the Minister in Moscow. His aides w e lmors em
'inspectors" and vane directors of specialised categories sseb as borne aileents,
diseases Of .long-banned cattle, diseases of sheep, wines rs ttsi fool, eta.
Thera vas also a statististdivision run by. so-cal. wo=%"g]*.s,? Mars we
another section of agricultural education and a section for both oyajsu and
dioa1 sD].Y? The editors of veterinary journsSs mown slpWstaiy from
these other Sections.
2. Prances to the Soviet occupation the nest O,ia-ains yy dd
l ? S
aeh county had it own WieultuMl. 4Ipertss`t. tiise I.rt sets
40041sted of
WtUrIny afar agrao ate, soo>reebnlslesit 1od lrfeelalelaei. The
co spitaL ee>~iloyed one or two veteriaarieosi osull with
istents,_and a stable man.vho took care of harm and other @MSMls. The
vrterlaarlaas wan paid 41Yectly by the sad were not shored to do
A'iwstis-prsatioe. I do y'iot knov the ="at ttheir s ea.
3? In P*4bviet county division vas kept intact tz+aliVaa, wbieh sat "ve ro j ~ l- lUdioal
tGrlML7- vim,a Naloe w * or
Vith ea ie,*- er at: ass: head. tlm a3Ajr these 's es '
1-the Pre-.
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er
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640bilmw WORMY
Cammsents on'Ukrainian Veterinary Medicine
25X1
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coNF rrIAL//cuEm u 7ioN
over the veterinary personnel in his area. The personnel of each veterinary area
its rai ol territories. These
was ip"luded charged
all with slau the ghterhouses administration dairies, of all iu warehouses and p]wits s t wit 'iherre e
processed. The authority of these Veterinary Medical Administration products
v iarea
personnel was absolute in animal matters except at railroad stations, military points
and border quarantine points. The head of the Veterinary Medici, Administration area
was assisted by a staff of a few specialized veterinarians sugh as an episootologist
and a parasitologist. The minimum staff of an area adminiatz4ition was the chief
veterinarian, a zootechnician, a,feldseher, a sanitary engineer, a statistician, a
groom, a chauffeur, a manager and a clerk. The Veterinary Medical Administration area
contained a veterinary-medical clinic, a drugstore, a diagnostic laboratory, a perma-
nent hospital for non-contagious diseases, a quarantine area for contagious diseases,
a gas chamber for the treatment of mange in horses, and a :section for artificial in-
semination. Each area also had an installation for processing`the,bodies of dead
animals and a specially prepared cemetery for the carcasses of infected animals.
There was also a regional or'. ?jiedic blacksmith shop to care for the hoofs of
diseased horses. Each kolkho:.~-had courses of training for the members of its
.veterinary medical sanitary staff and animal attendants. Students of the veterinary
school also received their practical training in the kolkhosp.
L. Under the Soviet system a veterinary medical organisation worked'on the basis of
special laws
more ioons,and than since tintthe Soviei.,:system the life of an animal
considered ,.
is often
of a person, these laws and regulations
were complicated and detailed in form and were strictly enforced. The veterinary
medical law and all the instructions for carrying out that law were, included in a
special collection and published in a han'.oook for the use of all veterinarians,
zootechnicians and even administrators of agriculture. By the enforcesisnt of the
minute details of these laws and instructions the Soviets had turned highly qualified
professionals into technical executors. The entire. activities of these men were so
conditioned by specific instructions and prescriptions that they were practically
unable to reach professional decisions on their. own. The extent of the ability
required for them to do their fob was to follow these specific instructions as laid
down for each case.
5. The veterinary medical organization, like all other Soviet orga (Atioa in the
Ukraine, was controlled by a special secret service of the Iiinistrry of"lcurity. To
carry out this control each institution had a so-called "special section- whose
members were appointed by the appropriate organs in the Ministry of Security. These
special sections controlled the work of all the veterinary medical workers. This
control extended to review of all correspondence, to all their reports and even'ii- - ,
the private lives of the workers and their families. In this way th*?unastisfactory
conditions arising from mismanagement could be hidden from the outsi&?wsrld.
General Animal Health
6. Animals in the Ukraine suffered from practically all of the common infectious dis-
easeei covered in accepted veterinary literature. Most of these, of 'course, occurred
in sporadic outbreaks. After the first world war there were .=W oases of glanders
and scabies, in horses in the Ukraine and many cases of soabiesi>ii sheep in West
Ukraine. During the years 1928 and 1930 the glanders disease was.vipid but by using
ma.Lleln cation on, all horses, donkeys and mules by.in brat. All animals show-
ing positive reactions to this were liquidated. In do cites the underskin
-method was used and all animals showing positive?reeetiau-wers kil ed. At that time
the state insurance company was paying -100% for stint li 'for which 'post-maim eiamina-
tions were negative and 75% for post-mortem positive asses. Thin was is aocordaue
with Polish law.
7. mange. was treated by usIM oiniments and -IM-m?, to likes tieneliniasnt, a. mixture 'ef
owns-hi t ail] and orris-matt pttrolaumi and sulphur and calaiwa (r 4' get: rlaleent).
During the seecad.' world war range in horses was cu se in gas a rs. 'there were ' 60
of these *as ehssbsrs is Veat_ tOQaine._and=the trpatasnt.-w-ps ormse- = -g
obta d by bm fig in vro The r' unts of _thi
s, gas ek sr Mabee IS good deity
in those, Cases .vhsre the gaschaobers-wnv-hemptic and the eonountratiea of Bop was
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8. Other infectious diseased which occurred frequently were anthrax and b]1lck1o&'in
cattle-swc eeerysipel fowl _cholera rabies in dogs and other ani>as1-s~ ",
f' ~ ni n cattle, sheep and rabbits] puilorum diseased
h
sir
and.disin "t :W tle, dogs. Diiseaasssllikee hog pra, foot and mouth dl brucella,
contagious ~aeumonir., bovine y1aearo-?
uwonis, ?tuberculosis. sisins cattle at wand fowl, plasnosit is cat1e :is vadded areas,
ty p f l, In harness end oattl,+
fowl Plague, b
less ?tr
equeatl3-?
9. Specific outbreaks,includsd?an epidemic of botulism in the Terebowls region. This
epidemic occurred in 1930and caused the death of 82 horses. The outbreaks of this
disease were enmootic during the entire year and epiacotic during the early spring
months due to the Pact that in these
made there r e is a lack of green fresh mass:
eemont months
olkh
bay and other feed. According to,
animals was spread by incorrect cticee. . In 1941 the t at botulism
the ko]khosp
Soviet State Collective liiusbandry=practices. 1 b
n err ) e ~ village of Sorocko In. the Terebowla.re"
tbere vas an outbreak of botulism in chickens. During one night 200 chickens were
found dead. According totat, inform$tion ,obtained from the fen
birds had been fed with screenings which had been, stored for a long time indoors?
They bad become wet and had sprouted. This particular stnrnge area was also littered
with a large number of dead mice. In' 1933 in the Lvov County area, there was an out-
break of botulism on a .large dairy cattle farm. These cu?cle:t!c,. been fed spoiled
beet and.. other plant. tops from silos. These tops. had been oontatsitlated with dirt.
Veterinary Pharmaceutical and Biological Production
10.
There were no pharmaceutical or biological plants in the West Ukraine.
There were some
plants in the?East'Ukraine, but I have no infot`mation on these.
Veterinary Education, Research' and De a opmsht ?
11.
The school of veterinary medicine at Lvov was, the highest veterinary school in the West
Ukraine. There were intermediate schools in almost every district and lower echelon
courses for veterinary workers in every regional laboratory. Ail of the higher schools
? were financially, dependent on the Ministry of Agriculture, the Neti od lliniatry
and other state' organs. They were also controlled by the'Nalstry of 1dua.tion
in Moscow, which dictated;all?political comrsds 'and-activities'of the atuAe4ts end
faculty. The intermediate and lower schools were under the local $inietiy of iauea-
tion.
12. about the time of the start of the
engaged in teaching and research at the school of vateriaaiy asdicIas in Lvov
-
Ttwtre. wars graduate veterianrtsas teaching ani-studying in other qW.
at Lvov but I do not rreed~ am tly bow a -. `S do not r -Los a~- R ssisn veterinary.medi'eal JotL s 3ihbsd in the soviet t>hi6n. Thera were,
hawawrf.~lsgr aussian dud tAoFsinisn pacodbasiams-1 t stbootu ao4 ai~o t l.-ttnei or
aersMtn ? These traoitdtsoatt imdn3ad ter dtl+s~ "~uaissgr" by 0-03 r and
'Pathojbq? clad TlerVeutice- oY- Diseasbd or'Do?estic Aai>sais's by 1~lrtpna, Ehtrk and
lls?ininger. _
4,
13. 2 hi rssasr?b atudaritie 'vans ueifsr 'tea sVa vision- ad- direetio)r of the ? U' i a Lenin
AwanW. in Weioov. Ail: or tkidiie vsirs ?looitwd in far ytEmaiss. Liaowstwin. fOr
the -pmtloal `1195l1oatiOn or soientiiib-rasa chi rs' -"'tob33abtidlis, '4lstfriet.
sash of *one hsboae tgs tea,, bi1.i *$ Sts s'^~etor-w rlaarian, b>d~ at -its ? it at
least fosie'or five other vetO3asri aiy as iootblogtsty s saroloOat, $ parasite--
ogist and s d s iee.l tacbbolot1st. Id West- bile tSis 22" to s vast bested
in Lvov, ifania]an asd.1100~
1e. All the ftsdirsi inattuwnts either mile in Pbliaod or vere `lagorW Beare l
(Bar~oae tLk war-l9'e0)~~1 =L~ vol!* - - ---
oe stica 4t ivv $t-.4,1. v 'as a Tea shits of, Maas bsct e~ii 3ogiesi
t treutbt-ll :_-