INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 24, 2001
• Sequence Number: 154
• Publication Date: October 29, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Relealse 2003/10/01
I@~6
CLASSIFICATION FOR OFFICIAL USE
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL' VULNERABILITIES
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
Toll OOCUMNNT CONTAIN0 INP01M0TION APNCTIN. TMO NATIONAL MANIA
or Tnt UNITIO 1TAT11 WITHIN TNN RAINING OR 11PIONA.1 ACT 10
ATION
U. 1. C., 21 ANN IA, AN *111010, M TIAN1111591ON ON Th INTNL
. .11 TO AN NINT?OCIT TLAM, 1 WIPPOINCTIOANY of TNII NPYMM 011 -M01111TN1. 10 P110?
CFW Report No. 53
CONT~l4T8
THE TJMINIAN PARTY CONGRESS
nLNIK0YT8 RBPQRT...... '.j
)ATE DIST. &9 &e 5.t.
PARTY A8'81AIR6.......... 'i. i .4ii i i'...... .
a Iit
TDDUSTRY ti ' -
4 es-
~
ZEIPCE?
ND 8
......
. ..
ARTS A
C
! s
AM
a
QVQAIN... ... ..
COfi9VA
ifs
TTE186AIRN 1A{1tLlA1~-I.Y.......
Von 01711CUL uim'
III
 Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP8c 00809A0005 ~ .f L
UNCLASSIFIED
2 _
THE UKRAINIAN PARTY CONGRESS
l
nikov to the Ukrainian communist Party Congress,
The report of Party Secretary Me
while keyed to the theme of the "radical reconstruction" andj!development of new industry
since the war in the Republic, subjected industry, agriculture' and party organizations
to detailed criticism.
One of the prime failings of industry, ministries and local authorities, he said, was
the policy of permitting individual failures to fulfil quotas to be obscured by aims of
overall plan fulfillment. Consequently, in 1951, out of 465j"most important items" only
217 had been produced in the amounts specified. There was, he complained, a tendency to
substitute numerous paper directives for active leadership.
In agriculture, the acreage of winter wheat, the principal crop, has been extended,
and the livestock population has! been increased to more then 1the prewar level, but it
is now necessary to "liquidate lagging behind in the fodder base and to improve pedigree
breeding." There must be "undeviating growth" in mechanization of agriculture.
Party membership, said Melnikov,jhad increased, but local branches too often are
ignoring the emergence of new members, allowing personal acquaintance to direct their
choice of officials. Incompetent nominees were frequently transferred from fob to job,
disrupting each organization to which they are assigned. Such faults had beau exposed
in several ministries--those of Meat and Milk Industry, Foodstuffs, Light Industry and
Trade, in'which "swindlers and loafers" had infiltrated into many leading posts.
Melnikov stated that it was necessary, therefore, to struggle more firmly against
"those who steal socialist property, squanderers, bribe-takers and speculators."
In the Western areas, said Melnikov, the most important task was the appointment to
leading poeitione of "faithful" local active workers, experienced in the struggle
against "kulak land ownership and nationalists."
Recalling the "Just criticism" levelled at the Ukrainian Central Committee by the
All-Union Party a year ago, Melnikov conceded that remedial steps taken so far are
"only a beginning." Particular attention must be given to the propagation Of
Marxism-Leninism, still organized in en unsatisfactory wry under inadequately instructed
teachers. Cultural and political work in the collectives must be improved. Education
is improving, but there are still deficiencies in the lectures on basic sciences and in
pedagogy. IIn literature, too few works have been produced exposing "manifestations of
bourgeois ideology, especially Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism and outoast Cosmopolitanism.
Melnikov particularly indicted 9oayura's poem, "Love Our Ukraine," as an especially
reprehensible perversion of literature, a work which might have been produced by "any
illiterate' and which has been widely used by Ukrainian nationalist organisations abroad.
Bourgeois nationalism, he melds'ie "the most tenacious and dangerous remnant of capitalism"
in the Ukraine and must be eradicated. More detailed studyjof MelnikoYle report and of
those of other Congress speakers follows under appropriate headingst
Party Affair i Mslatkov asserted that the Ukrainian Commun.et Party now numbers 777- 83 ,
of wh ch 67 ,190 or 86.9% are full members and 101,642 or 1,1.1% are candidates. Member-
ship in the party has increased by 13.7% since the last report more than a year ago.
There are more women members, and they now number 17.4% of tee party. Thirty-five percent
of the members have had a secondary or better education, nova terribly impressive figure
in view ofd general Aoviet propaganda about U99R educationalI mucasoses. 115Znikov gives
some interesting figures on the distribution of membership by'ocoupetions 36.9 peroest
are in industry, 17.7 are in agriculture, and 9.1 percent areI in science, education and the
arts. Thisi leaves a total of 36.3 percent unaccounted for-=Virtually as many as there are
workers in' the party. This 36.3 percent, presumably, are party bureaucrats, in the state
security forces eta.
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP8 70'~0809A000500740154-7
 Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-FDP80-00809A000500740154-7
UNCLASSIFnM STATINTL
Melnikov claimed that the party has improved its performance in all fields, but he
concedes that some Oblast party committees are directing the economy indifferently,
often substituting organizational Work with paper direction." This is particularly
characteristi~',of the Chernigov and Rovnc Oblast party'Icommittees. While there has
been an improvement in the enrollment and education of, cadres, "nevertheless the level
of work amonglthe cadres still lags behind the growing demands that lie before the
party organization of the Republic." He continued:
Some Oblast party committees, ministries and administrations
allow violations of the Bolshevik principle on the enrollment
of workers in accordance with their political and labor
qualifications, and show a lack of sense by management in
,appointments to directing posts. Failing to take notice of
the new emerging workers, some oblast ccmmaittees, many town
and rayon party committees limit themselves to a small circle
of persons known to them... If a person disrupts work at one
section, he is thoughtlessly transferred to another similar or
even more important post. If the person fails again, he is
once more handed a directing position."I
Failures in the' work with cadres, Melnikov argued, is due to the practice of assigning
this duty to subordinates.
So far the Central Committee has uncovered serious mistakes
and errors in the work among cadres in a number of ministries
and administrations. The condition in the Ministries of the
Meat and Milk Industry, the Foodstuffs Industry, the Light
Industry, and the Ministry of Trade wan!: especially unfortunate.
As a result of the careless attitude of!the heads Of these
ministries toward the enrollment of cadres, swindlers and
loafers have penetrated many leading and materially responsible
posts.
It is necessary, Molnikov wont on, to strengthen the struggle against those who steal
socialist property, squanderers, bribe-takers and speculators...to create an atmosphere
of hatred against them on the part of the workers.
After demanding', en improvement in the selection of women and young people for leading
positions, Melnikov went on to admit the justice of the criticisms directed by the All
Union Party against the Ukrainian Communist Party for faulty ideological work. The
Ukrainian Party '.Committee, he said, has strengthened its struggle against perversions
of all kinds and developed criticism and self-criticism. "But this is only the
beginning... The propagation of Marxism-Leninism is still organised unsatisfactorily.
In many party schools and circles lessons are conducted on a low idaologioal-theoretical
level... The party organization frequently selects lecturers, consultants and directors
of political schools and circles who are not sufficiently qualified for the posts."
Still unsatisfactory, continued Melnikov, is the level of mass political work at many
enterprises andkolkhhoses, where too often pooitical agitation io separated from
production tasks.
Mass political work is poorly organised in production brigades
of many kolkhoses. The increase of cultural resources of the workers
demands from the party organisation; a further increase in the
network of cultural educational establishments, and above all, an
mprovam nt in the ideological content of their work.
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-FDP80-00809A000500740154-7
 Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
uNcrAssiFiED STATINTL
Melnikov then proceeded to discuss shortcomings in the field of science and education.
A considerable number of higher educational establishments do not have enough qualified
personnel and are maintaining poor liaison with practical life. Particularly poor is
the state of lecturing in the social sciences, and it must be admitted that many
scientific experimental establishments are reorganizing their work slowly despite the
strictures of the All-Union Party Committee and Stalin's directives on ideological
questions.
Too few works have been written to expose the manifestations
of bourgeois ideology, and above all of Ukrainian bourgeois
nationalism and outcast cosmopolitanism. In many institutes
of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, criticism and self-
criticism, free exchange and the struggle of ideas have not
attained the necessary level.
Melnikov analyzed in detail the shortcomings and perversions committed in certain works
of art and literature, particularly citing the nationalistic verses of Sosyura, verse
blatantly perverting the picture of the Soviet Union, verse which "could have been
signed by any illiterate person of the Ukrainian people from the nationalist camp, any
Petlura.. Bandera and others." This verne,Melnikov charged, vas used by the Ukrainian
nationalists as a weapon.
Bourgeois nationalism is the most tenacious and most
dangerous remnant of capitalism in the consciousness of
the people. We must expose any manifestations of Ukrainian
bourgeois nationalism wherever they appear. We must also
struggle implacably against the manifestations of the hostile,
reactionary ideology of the pariah cosmopolitanism... Much
remains to be done in order to lift our literature and arts to
the level which will satisfy the cultural demands of our
people. (Kiev, 25 September)
Reporting for the Central Auditing Commission, Davydov told of the results of a uback;up
on the treatment of letters of complaint from party and non-party members to varlQua
party and economic organisations. The checkup, he said, revealed serious mistakaa in
the direction of kolkhoses by party and Soviet organs.
In the Poltava, Zhitomir, Odessa and Chsrnigov Oblast Party
Committees...a large number of letters and complaints remains
unexamined for more than two months. There are oases of formal
and bureaucratic attitudes toward the examination of complaints.
..the Central Committee also noted the formal and bureaucratic
condition of the examination of complaints and proposals of the
workers which exists in the Ministries of Agriculture, Sovkhoass,
and Fishing Industries. (iiiev, 25 September)
Reporting for the Credentials Commission, Torasov gave some illuminating figures an the
composition of the Ukrainian Party Congress. Of the 571 voting delegates, only 3,69 uanbe
classified as workers or farmers--another 45 were described as "workers of science, culture
and the arts." The rest of the delegates comprisedo 336 party offsoialsl 101 soviet,
administrative and trade union officials; 14 Komsomol officials; and 106 representatives
of the Arayr, the Ministry of State Security, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Also interesting was Tarasov's statement revealing the high rate of attrition of alt
party members in the Ukraine. Only six of the delegates were party members before 1920;
277 joined the party before 19301 290 before 19401 and 173 between 1941 and 195cl. (The
total fig-ire Is higher than that given in the paragraph preceding, presumably since it
includes oath voting and non-voting delegates.) Ukrainian^ were a majority at the
Congress, comprising 66.2 percent; 30.9 percent, however, were Russians. (Kiev,
25 September)
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
 Approved For Release 2003/1
STATINTL
Davydov, reporting for the Auditing Commission., told. of satisfactory progress in the
collection of party dues and in the sale of publications, but he reported that violations
of output schedules by editors of newspapers and magazines are "not rare." He spoke of
growing expenditures for party education and complained that "some Oblast party committees
are not utilizing fully the funds alloted for this purpose, overlooking the great
importance of the task of the Marxist-Leninist education of Communists." (Kiev,
25 September)
Kiev radio reported on 27 September that the preceding day's session was mainly devoted
to the question of raising the level of party work in party organizations and to the
improvement of party leadership in industry and agriculture, in the course ofrwhichzthe"
work of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Party was "sharply
One speaker complained that "party, soviet and other organizations often satisfy themselves
with averages of plan fulfillment; not considering the backward enterprises and kolkhozes."
As a result, in Drogobych Oblast many kolkhozea are weak both organizationally and
financially. There are still cases of infringement of the kolkhoz statute and many
infringements of internal party democracy. The speaker, Kiev radio said, made dust
allegations" against the Ministries of Communal Economy, Housing, Civil Construction,
and Health for giving insufficient attention to Drogobych Oblast.
A speaker representing the Mekeyevka town panty committee cited a specific example of
the evils resulting from faulty work with cadres, uncovered at the town party meeting.
The former head of the Kepitalnaya mine, Zostava, surrounded
himself with relatives, acquaintances and persons who were not
trustworthy... Among the directing workers of the shaft, there
were eight of his relatives... At the mine mutual hushing up
prevailed together with flattery and favoritism. (Kiev, 24 September)
Another speaker, quoted the same day, denounced those party members who are not observing
the rules of the socialist way of life and who allow violations of Communist ethics.
"The party organizations, instead of reprimknding them severely for un-party like
activities often-cover up such acts and find it difficult to reprimand a Communist,
particularly if he occupies a responsible position."
Rudich, secretary of the Z.aporozhye Town party committee, proposed 'an amendment to Chapter
One of the draft party statute, stating that "the Communist party of the Soviet Union 1.11 systematically cleansing its ranks of all those who disgrace the high name of Communist,
who have morally decayed, who abuse their position in the service, and who break away
from the masses." Rudich demanded that the Ukrainian Communist Party further Improve
leadership in the selection, placing, and upbringing of cadres, pointing out that since
1949 four Zaporoahye party secretaries in charge of ideological problems have been
changed. Ustychenko, secretary of the K.evltown party committee, recommended that it be
made a requirefaent for party membership to have at least a secondary education, and
Chernyansky, ^eorstary of the Odessa town party committee, urged that the statute define
measures to be taken against Communists"v'hoo voluntarily abandon primary party organisa^
tiona and migrate at their awn will,." (RLev, 24 September)
'Despite all the criticisms mentioned above,,!the Congress voted unanimously to approve
the politioal line and practical work of th? Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist
Party. (Kiev, 27 September)
Zndu t s Mslnikov stated that the most serious shortcoming in industry and in the worxI
of supervising organs was "a plannod attitude" (panovy pidkhld) toward the
assessment of work by enterprises, that tell concealing deficiencies in the production ofd
individual items under overall figures showing plan fulfillment. According to Kiev radio
T
own
on 25 September, 1telnikov sharply criticized the 3ryanski Bayou and the Kidiyevka
tituting
b
f
s
or su
party committees, as well so the managementlof the lCadiyav coal trust,
active leadership over personnel with numerous directives.
Approved For Release 2003/110/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
 P
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDR80-00809A000500740154-7
UNCLASSIFIED STATINTL
Melnikov went on to say that there were "great shortcomings" in the work of Republican,
local and cooperative industries. Many enterprises, he said, failed to fulfill their
production plans, especially as regards specified items. "In 1951, out of 465 most
important items of production, the plan was fulfilled for only 217 items."
Korotchenko, Chairman of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers, quoted by Kiev on 27 September,
severely criticized Yosipenko, Minister of Light InAnztry; Gritseako, Minister of Local
Industry, and Pirogov, Minister of State Control ='- "all of whom visit enterprises very
rarely, are poorly acquainted with the situation, maintain little contact with Soviet
and party organs concerned, and do not eliminate shortcomings in the work of individual
organizations."
Rohinets, secretary of the Chernigov Oblast party committee, complained that a number of
industries, especially those of the local and cooperative industries, are badly utiliz-
ing their internal aVourcea and are, therefore, lagging behind. He accused the Ministry
of Communal Economy tlhd State Planning of failing to give enough assistance in the
building of Chernigoy, the oblast center. (Kiev., 26 September)
A speaker from Dniepropetrovok indicted the Ministry and administration of the Metal
Industry for failing to provide 80,000 rubles which wouldenable the Petrovski enterprise
to burn waste gas and thus save fuel. He also criticized the Ministry of Ferrous
Metallurgy of dilator$aeos in the adoption of new technical improvements. (Kiev,
24 September)
The secretary of the Zapordrozhye Town Party Cou=ittee said that 27 enterprises and
artels in Zaporozhye had failed to fultill'the eight-amt li production plan due to "grave
shortcomings" in the work of the town and rayon party avs?iittees. (Kiev, 24 September)
Agriculture: A number of speakers criticised the work of the Ukrainian Ministry of
Agriculture. Kherson Oblast Secretary Onyahahenko attacked the Ministries of Agriculture
and Cotton Growing for poor training of farm techmiciaaas,especially of irrigation
experts. Angelina, a.Stalino Oblast tractor brigade leader, baid that the Ministry of
Agriculture has "failed completely" to consider the question of perfecting agricultural
machines, especially Rombines. She added that the Ministry does not properly train
tractor brigade leaders and she demanded better training of secretaries of kolkhoz
primary party organizations. (Kiev, 26 September)
Other criticisms were launched by a Kiev Oblast brigade leader, who said that the Ministry
was weakly propagating the experience of agricultural innovators, and by the Secretary of
the Kemenets-Podolok Obkom, who made the blanket indictment that the Ministry was giving
too little attention to the needs of collective farms. Minister of Agriculture Spivak
appeared not to have answered his critics. He was quoted by Kiev on 26 September, however,
as saying that there (pore serious mistakes in the work of 'agricultural organs in the
Republic. He pointed in particular to the low milk output, especially in Zhitomir and
Chernigov oblasts, the weak development of th,i fodder base' and the insufficient level of
mechanization of labor-consuming farm processes.
Malenkin, Secretary of the Nikolayev Oblast Party Coomittee, admitted the justice of
Melnikov'a criticisms of the Nikolayev committee. The Oblast, ho said, is lagging behind
in livestock breeding' and the responsibility for this rests on the committee and on the
Ukrainian Cooperative Society and the Administration for Kolkhoz and Rural Construction.
Melenkin added that Koruiyets, deputy chairmen of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers, was
also responsible, for he had failed to take necessary measures to insure fulfillment of the
plan for rural and kolkhoz construction. (iev, 87 September)
Another speaker attacked the Ukrainian Academy of 6oiencesl for giving insufficient help
to sugar beet growers.
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDF 80-00809A000500740154-7
 Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
STATINTL
Zhitomir Oblast Secretary Fedorov admitted the justice of criticisms levelled against tfl0
oblaot committee',, which had failed to apply the crop rotation system and to liquidate
infringements of the kolkhoz statute. Also responsible for the oblast's failures, he
said, were the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Light Industry, both of which
had not supplied! enough tractors and other machines, mineral fertilizers and building
materials. The ultimate responsibility, he concluded, rests with the Ukrainian Central
Committee, which had failed to check up to see that its directives were fulfilled.
(Kiev, 27 September)
Mining: Some stress was placed on the problems that must be solved if the new Five
Year Plan figures for coal production are to be fulfilled. Pochenkov, director of the
Stalin Coal Combine, admitted that "a considerable part" of the mines in the combine
have not yet developed to planned capacity due to the failure to complete construction.
"It is necessarylto end such harmful practices of the construction organizations... It
is indispensiblellthat we shorten construction time... Considerable help should be given
by the Ukrainian and USSR Academies of Sciences. Up to now the work of the scientists
in this branch is very slow." (Kiev, 24 September)
Voroshilovgrad Oblast Party Secretary Klimenko admitted that the Voroshilovgrad coal
combine and the Donbas anthracite combine had failed to fulfill their plans as the result
of poor application of the cyclic schedule and unsatisfactory use of mining equipment.
Klimenko ascribed the poor work of the mines to poor selection of directing personnel,
and he cited inetances of "a superficial approach toward the selection of managers by
the USSR Ministry of the Coal Industry." (Kiev, 26 September)
RADYANBKAYA DONESCHINA, in an editorial broadcast by Stalino on 27 September, discussed
the production goals set in the directive for the 19th All Union Congress and said that
many Donbas mine's were not working properly. For example, the editorial said, Number One
Sverdlovka Mine of the Makayev Coal Trust is permitting delays and incorrect technical
leadership whichllact as a brake on progress.
A steel worker delegate criticized the management of the Krivoi Rog iron mining field for
supplying low quality Iron ore to metal plants--on several occasions, he said, the ore
contained 20 perpent of silica. He also criticized the Kharkov Hotels Institute and the'
USSR Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy for not giving enough assistance to individual euter-
prisos in solving their production problems. (Kiev, 27 September)
Arts and Sciences; Dfelnikov'e criticisms of Ukrainian literature were echoed by a number
of speakers. ainian Writers' Union chief Korneychuk conceded the justice of complaints
against the work' of himself and his wife and against the poets Sosyura and Rylaki. "All
writers must develop a deeper sense of intraneigeanoe towards all manifestations of
bourgeois ideology, nationalism and cosmopolitanism... It is necessary to unite all branches
of the printing industry into one system and also to units all book publishing houses, with
the exception only of those publishing houses which publish books of a special nature. This
would enable them to make a correct use of their paper resources." (Kiev, Qa September)
Bashan, deputy chairman of the writers union, ^a1.d that "only the first steps" have ,/et been
taken to comply with All Union party decisions against ideological perversions in litera-
ture. In the writers circle, he complained, the "atmosphere of friendliness, covering up
of mistakes and un-party like reaction to criticism" still exists. Ukrainian Central
Committee Secretary Nassrenko asserted that much progress has been made toward developing
Soviet and Ukrainian culture "by waging a determined and merciless struggle spinet all
and sundry manifestations of bourgeois nationalism," but serious shortcomings still prevail
in the work of various education authorities. Certain party organisations give little
attention to the', training of teachers. Nazarenko accused Ukrainian writers of creating too
few works which would help bring up Ukrainian youth to be "cheerful, buoyant and boundlessly
devoted to the cause of the Lenin-Stalin Party." (Kiev, 27 September)
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
 r
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
STATINTL
Frykordonny, chief editor of R 11 SAY UEI INA, adml.tted the complicity of his paper in
the crimes of Ukrainian writers. We failed. to e.::silos- and criticize in good time the
manifestations of Ukrainian bourgeois nat:t.onallam. It very often happens that articles
in our paper do not meet the ever-growing needs of our people." (Kiev 27 September)
Criticisms of the work of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences were acknowledged by President
Palladin. who promised to strengthen cooperation between scientists and production workers.
(Kiev, 26 September) The gap between theory and practice of science was underlined by
Tulchynska, acting director of Mechnikov University in Odessa. Scientific leaders are
not giving enough attention to the problem of aiding .production. "It is necessary to
coordinate the work of scientists, to publicize systemettically the scientific work, and
to eliminate organizational anomaly-es and the disunity of some groups of scientists...
The execution of plans for scientific research work in the higher educational establish-
ments should be concentrated at a coordination center of the USSR Academy of Sciences and
of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences." (Kiev, 27 September)
Consumer Goods: Melnikoves indictment of various Ministries responsible for supplying
consumers was weightily reinforced in a speech by Korotchenko, Chairman of the Ukrainian
Council of Ministers. (Kiev, 24 September)
We cannot overlook the fact that a part of the indua:rial enter-
prises of the Republic, particularly the Minlatries of Industrial
Building Materials,, Meat and Dairy, Light, Food, Local and Coopera-
tive Industries, as well as other branches, are not yet fulfilling
the production tasks, and are often producing low quality goods at
high production costs, infringing the plans for specific-item produc
tion, and working at a loss.
The Ministries of the Local and Food Sndue'trtot;, the industrial cooperatives, and many
executive committees of town cou.nc.Lls, Korc;tcheuko claimed, are inadequately expanding
the rayon industry, and there Is poor uti.ll,z.ation of local r'!eourceo.
The Ministry of `'Irefie and the Cooperative Union have many
phortcominge in the management of trade and in the planning of
distribution and the location of trade centers. They make poor
studios of the dfamrancis of the population, and extend the trade
network slowly, without efficiently atruggling against losses
and stooling. A dec:i.rsive end must be put to all 'those ohortcomings.
A delegate from VOlhynia Obladt at,t:aek'ecl the Ukrainian Minic?,try of the furniture Industry
for fuili.ng to ostablieb a stugle f zrni'::.r?e producing enterprion in the oblaat, although
there In sut'fioiont matex'Aal 1ocg1.ly for rue1i A factory. Also to blam, he aaiet, is the
Ministry of Local Industry. (Kiev, :-1(, ;;r,,i,toin0ar)
Youth% Several speakers davot1d tht i.r '-M-c to the problems of ycrath, mopteaia:14y these to
t1iT a Xoml~gootol. 61:ovolj chairman oi' the ltk;ralmlAu Komsomol, bald that thaz'a were atilt me+ny
ehortr youth cu pnt!iratieo1tiU. "Many local. KomeIomo1 organ its-.
oaai,nea in the patty dime~Gtxon Of Y
tiorle have boon Mischa to'ly AA;rrytng~ r,utt ctnan polltical worl4 ured ou.i.t,t ral onllghtenmenvt
among the youth# saiA'e aini,ng iriaut'e1,c Lent. c ontuc'1: with the broad melgplaga pt:ar;it+.,av Obkom
Secretary 6hchortali said thAt .1,fl t;he1 601.mol; lli;tlei att,oni,ioei t:t~ bol-no; pr4tet by the Party
(1t .ev, 27 f eLAnmbo.r) A. dolog4to .frcmi
Ana KpllaAtai&Ol Ox$ari$satiAn4 to ;CU'1`t-1, oxg+ati,rkltlGnq.
MalceyeykA proposes an a101ef4A' ft to i;h*+ C,A.r?t,,y atAtuteq waking It tib1t tory for to former
Komlaontol Mbar applyinS for 0o untot Pe%rty Ensmberahlp to hews: the endornament of the
rayon Xt?MNfa 01 eoiA?ttteo. The prnvit,ut, y-4-gq,Ineua1 teat -Wit; roe.ouineriati0n of throe qty
womber4 Aiual rayon *cmol pntjoraCnent, tit' nal.ci, ".e>reres renpnnottiiltt]r of the Komeomn].
or.,Stani4atiOf for its =Mborgi." (K:iav, Pb t]epteuminr)
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
 r
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
UNCLASS37nM STATINTL
Construction and Transportation: Serious charges against construction planning
organizations Were ma by 33ochkin, director of ';he "Ukrainian Water Constructions
Organization." He alleged that the quality of planning is low and said that serious
blunders and omissions have occured. "They do not take into account the location of
building materials, and the plans are made on general lines stressing the need to build
cheaply, but call for the use of timber for construction, forgetting that timber is
scarce in the steppe area." Named as guilty of such improper planning practices were
the Ministry of Cotton, the Committee for Construction Affairs, and the State Planning
Commission. (Kiev, 24 September) Odessa delegate Markov criticized the Ministry of
Communal Economy and of the State Planning Commission for "the absence of order" in
planning for production and delivery of building materials. Plans for the improve*ent
of the Odessa economy, he said, do not satisfy the "mature demands" of the city. A
kolkhoz official from Kamenets-Podolak Oblast said that the building of livestock
shelters in the oblast is being hampered by the lag in the output of bricks and tiles.
The rirov factory in Mogilev Podolsk, he complained, is manufacturing brick and tile
presses for kolkhozes, but the presses are delivered without the parts which would make
them useful. (Kiev, 24 September)
The secretary of the Odessa Oblast party comauittee, noting an improvement in the work
of the Odessa railway, said that nevertheless there are serious mistakes in transport
and in industry. Internal resources are being poorl; used and many enterprises are
still not fulfilling the plan for either gross output or for asstment. (Kiev,
26 September)
The Western Ukrainet Supplementing b4elnikov's remarks on the subject, Deputy Chairman
of the a n an Council of Ministers Korniyets spoke in detail on shortcomings in the
work of industrial enterprises, kolkhozes and machine-tractor stations and of Soviet
and party organizations in the Western Ukraine, according to a Kiev broadcast of
27 September. Lvov Oblast Party Secretary Serdyuk claimed that the party organization
in the West Ukraine has "inflicted a terrible blow against the remnants of the bands
of the Ukrainian bourgeois nationalists, the moat ferocious enemies of the Ukrainian
people, the agents of the Anglo-American Imperialists," but he conceded that the Lvov-
Oblast Party organization had been rightly criticised several times by the All-Union
and the Ukrainian Central Committees and by PRAVDA. Weaknesses in the ideological
sector are especially prevalent, he said.
Comrade Malnikov justly criticised us for insufficient work
with local intelligentsia and students. The party
organizations of the oblast are still too formal in their
propagation of scientific and political knowledge, and do
not always give this work a Bolshevik directness. There are
still many shortcomings in our lecture propaganda. We do
not engulf the entire population with lectures reports
and talks. Often lectures are delivered on a 2.Ow ideological
level.
Serdyuk went on to admit that many industries in Lvov Oblast do not fulfil production
quotas, and he said that there are many backward'ko2khoiee wucre organisation of labor
and labor discipline are weak. "Sometimes we show a lack of sense of management in
appointing people to managerial posts." But Lvov cannot do the job by Itself he
olaimadj It needs the active assistance of union and Republican ministries, ieaent3.y,
on the recommendation of the Central Committee, representatives of several ministries
visited Lvov, mmaca gloat promises, and want away. Their yr;anises remain unfulfilled,
he said. 8paoifically, Deputy Minister of Education Prokofyev promised to plan
construction of a student township in Lvov. "But this remains a promise." Yurthsr,
8erdyuk stated, Deputy Chairman Karntysts himself "does not study sufficiently the
needs of the Western Oblasts." (Kiev, 26 Oeptember)
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
L
 Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7
STATINTL
The Armed Forces: A glimpse of the relations between the party and the Army in the
Ukra ne was afforded by the speech of Hrechko, Commander of the Kiev Military Okrug.
After conventional references to the need for vigilance against tha machinations of
the Anglo-American imperialists and to Stalin's soliekowdR f b?the ivy, Erechko
?claiied that the Soviet army is better equipped than during the war and has "the best
armaments in the world. He `rant on, however, to speak of "some shortcomings" on the
part of ablest party organi.zations.as regards the training of recruits for the army.
I
The Soviet army aai9:ly receives youths who are educated and
physically developed.- But we must not forget that in the war
years many Soviet children had no chance to study at schools
and higher educational establishments. As a result we have
cases of youths joining the services without the necessary
education, and they find it difficult to assimilate the complex
military technology.
Erechko continued by pointing out that it is the duty of the local party organizations
and of educational institutions to give more attention to improving the educational
level of youth. "It is necessary to improve the management of evening schools for adults
and to take steps to see that youth of military age gets all-round preparation... We
must develop and cultivate the feeling of proletarian nationalism and edi ate the
youth in the spirit of the Lenin-Stalin friendship of the peoples."
Noting the statement in the draft party statute about the relations between army political
and local party organisations, Ersohko star that the statute obliges us to strengthen
constantly the connections between he political organs and the local party organizations,
between the units, of the soviet 999 and esterprises and koikhoses." (Kiev,
Approved For Release 2003/10/01 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740154-7