PROJECT 0,111 - SOVIET BLOC OFFERS OF PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS TO THE WEST

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 50
• Document Creation Date: November 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 19, 2000
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: January 25, 1954
• Content Type: MEMO

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GIL:4P ?4111irC -1P,R
1-tfl
eh, 7-1 V ?
20.17.1 ',71oviet :Ace ers or Petroleum and Pet
to
TmAsnitted herewith is oric,:lina cop
DP contribution to the slbject project.
2. Pai,a suuaitteci 1 / ?I.p,iTT-. and P./5/11," are i.ncluded
,in this contribution.
DAVP
MAL:
25 Jatag.L7 1954
Dist ribUt lona
OriLinal .!2 1 w
25X1 A
19145
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PROJECT 20.1n.
PETROLEUM BRAME, MATLRIA LS DIVISI%
CRR
01"
p
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petro
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V T
rt is a bri
Pr
ntation or the ability of the Soviet Hlec to export
t to the Free World. As the production of crude petro-
a increased, tbr. has been an accompanying increase
? It is believed
ns by 1955.
ore in terns of total tonnage
This volume of petro10um expert
market nor
serious threat to the stability of
o to unstabilising
of the Bloc to
appear to be politica
of impo
the Blec4 inci
by this increasing petrolemn export trade. it is
of the Bloc in this matter are in line with th
o (1) improve foreign exchange
petroleum exports are being
tegic goods tr
se" and that
(2) secure
breakdown western economic controls and ( )
trade dependence in se/sated western countries. There is the propaganda value to be
ering petroleum a
rket. It is considered that the situation in leum exports is a part of's larger
picture involving other ecdities and can not be ccep1.to1y divorced treat it.
the
t prices apparentlybelow/world
no int
a tendency on the part of the
supply within the Bloc and to import from i
local deficit, Actually in the period under consideration in this pap.
imports by the
v* been negligible. However,
Potiatf F*MILORPEP/Clite/Itilftreir-Ill9Ofgteregi9V51000060003-1
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SECila
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A. EXPORTSOF wiZ AND pgmo
TS DT ThE SOVIET B
Tables 1 through 5 give a detailed breakdown of exports from the tet Bloc to
the Free World during 1951, 1952, and 1953. These figures are believed to be cam.
piste except fei the renewing k*owu eieeione:
) Iarrs*ti,n on sb1piants eut of the Black Sea ia th.a week of 1953 was
not available when this report was prepared.
(2) Sma # but unknown, quantities of petroleum prducts have been
the USSR to Afghanistan during the three years covered b the tables.
itxt &p44ja")J
troleum produits are -believed te be shipped from the
by rii, but the quantities involved are unknown.
(4) Some shipments of petroleum producte have been made
of Austr
d during the last quarter of 1953, but details are unkno
In view of these .ieeiona, total exports by t
in the
2.0 mil
therefore, been increasing steadily sinc 1950, when
der
and
naideration probably amounted te .bout 1.4 million tons in 195
952s
1953. Exports from the Moe have
d. In 19530 enport a amounted
twice the velume of 1951.
4
etiolated that about 0.7
The table below shows the relative importance of the petroleum exporti
in the Soviet Bloc i
Ar red.
se Gr this paper the S1Vt 1oc includes the USSR, A) ,
la, 1gari., Czechoslovakia, Soviet Zone of GermanYs HunerY?
na, North Korea, and Outer Mongolia.
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EGRET
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th al um Q. I IAL
a
Countrx
Zone of Austria
et Zone is
TOTAL
1951
Foreent of Totga.
62.5
29.1
7.8
0.6
100.0
1952
Pcrcent of
1953
1 Perent. .4 sr tall
49.3
37.1
32.2
41.7
13.1
16.2
5.4
5.0
100.0
100.0
The importance of Rumania as a petroleum exporting country has increased steadily
is that of the Soviet L0330 of Austria has declined. The USSR
has bec relatively more important as an exporter, but is still far below Rumania
and the Soviet Zona of Austria.
In 1953, 65 percent of Rumania's shipments went t and Italy. Sweden,
d and Iceland, in that order, were the r.opiente of nearly 85 percent
ports of the USSR while over 95 percent of the deliveries of the Sevie
Zone of A
made to the Western Zon a of Austria. All the Rumanian and
8 viet exports listed in Tables 2 and 3
World &hers, Austrian a
carried out .t the 1ack Sea
deliveries were made by rail river and probably
Balticby the h ough 3 e (Stettin) by tanker.
Fuel oil was the principal product shipped from the Bloc and 1953$ repro
seated over 50 percent of the total exports. More than 70 percent of
saes during 1953 was in the form of fuel eil. Diesel oil, gas 011
accounted for 50 percent of Soviet exports in 1953. Virtually all et the 150,000 tons
deliv
of crude oil exported in 1953 was supplied from the USSR. Exports of products in the
distillate range have rmatned constant at around 40 percent of the aloe total during
the period 1951-1953.
.13
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present trend continues, exports of petroleum and petroleum products from
the Soviet Bloc may reach 5 million raetric tons by 1955. There appears te be a good
poasibilit
gure can be attained since internal co
n does not
appear to have kept pace with production. This ssibly increasing surplus
with the Soviet desire to re-establish Eas
d.
de appears to indicate a future
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SEMI
App d1 R12
'YEAR PRODUCT ITALY
FINLAND
P
FAYPT
UNITED
KIN-DOr
1951 Crude Oil 28,79
Gasoline
95,371
Kerosene
7,857
Gas/Diesel Oil
6,315
Fuel Oil 73,09
62,2P6
7,971
155,673
480114
Lubricants
2?100
TOTAL 102,607
171,P20
7,971
157,773
48,114
70 dour?, 7.7
/3.o
1952
Crude Oil 1'4,223
Gasoline
Kerosene
Gas/Diesel Oil
Fuel Oil 237,373
Lubricants
TOTAL 421,596
207,390
3,552
23,019
106,03P
339,999
23,62)
23,621
/1.9
1953
Crude Oil 121,025
1asoline
17P,941
Kerosene
52,415
las/Diesel Oil
1620382
Fuel oil 20,635
214,919
P751.6
Lubricants
T11AL
329,660
6oP,657
7,51!
Yet&
ti. 9
9
3.1
914): 9floO&IOv
- i 146-4.
/9s13
WYSTERN LIESTTR
AUSTRIA 1FRMARY
164,500 5,699
39,500
1R60700 5;913
389,700
42,00 1,707
R23,200 13,319
J.0
16F,000 30,000
36,600
172,000 24,000
502,000
W7,000
926,600 54,000
1/.7 a.
17,500 60,003
24,000
200,000 69,650
550,000
54,000
1,015,500 129,650
36.6- /.7
ot-70 zr
-
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Ottit4ino
9Tigg4 21ageggi45-2
T'LETHEi-
T NORWAY LAND
600000
47,432
20,137
107,432
20,137
I.,
114,071 12,00'2
174,951 125,7Q7
2r00022 137,795
OFFICIALS ONLY
METRIC TONS
FRANCE 1REFCF TCELM Tom
% OF TOTAL
28,798
2.2
265,570
20.0
47,357
3.(
19,92'
15.0
737,553
55.7
4(,,607
3.5
1,3241E13
1014,223
le; 0
9.7
405,390
21.3
140,152
2.1
11,300
313,939
16.5
914 9P0
47.9
4e,000
2.5
11,300
1,904?(M.
0 0 0
0.
9,900
21,421
1.5g,3146
4260441
76,1415
5.5
15.3
2.
36,50C
19,r3e
614,L49
22.1
47,r55
10,654
17,000
10,000
1,456,317
52.4
54,000
1.9
P41355
19,6514
17,000
9,900
51,259
2;79,96P
40 a
?3.0
0.7
0.4
0.4
I.
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f
V51. Crude
7.nonnne
Ferltene
/11-esei
rue -1.1.
r.,ubri..cralts
371
p57
?
152
T
!:rutle """.1.1
"*,asoline
r.erosene
-Az/Diesel. I1
?toil AI
1712.'1'7'
20713i.
3,552
23,019
106,03'
Lubricants
206,023
1953,
Crulie :-.11
1..ano1ine
11,07V)2
?'.erosene
52,415
1a3iniexe1 Al
12,./.:56
,-711to1 111,
2.Th I faq
T,,ubri.cr,Ints
loVv,v.vV4? t
"
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rrr,,T r""14' 1"7')V V"Prift In
7,(71
77
Itt'ftt?,'.f r
. '?
?
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113. OFFICIALS ONLY
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-
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,
"It r".`?
?1
nto%1CT
!TAU
1951 Crude Oil 2?,794'
%saline
7selteso1 111
Yusl 111 73,?09
?MT, 102,67
12 crud. Dtl 1M,223
impalas
ass/Dissel on
ate la 3/051
At 215,576
Approved For Relea 15/15 ? StAaRDP119;131gig
MPORnbc'A. omm TIT --Er TrAft Tn ,
23,620
11FM-tn.-
2n620 11,300
Irlde nil 12102;
lasoltne 35,749
-as/Diesel 011 Y,500 32,n2.1.:
Yuel In
TOTAL 121 02'3
t^,
ri,?071
?251.
IC
03-1
=STUN
!MEC TONS
tO TOTAL
71.9
102,607
1t.,223
73.4
34,920
13.n
31 3,3
12.5
250,496
142,445
31.7
35170
7.9
12,00c
24650
1q9,99
b2.3
P11254
le.1
2,4t65)
44?, ?
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A
Approved For Release 20( fifq1ALS ONLY
/E/10 IA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
I or
1%1
rkeisoline
Yeresane
flashissol Oil
ruel Oil
Lartearite
ToTkL
3f,05'r
1176?70c
123,27c,
3,59?-
4707
5.335
164,500
39,500
190,29P
r9.700
144.-407
env'
19.Y1
23,0
47.0
5.4
1952
lasollos
16100CC
la , 000
17.0
Yerosene
36,6i'X:
36,600
3.9
ae/n&e.el Oil
17200X
12,000
11,000
19.6
Feel 011
502,0',
502,000
53.5
tabileseits
Vim')
V,000
5.1
TvTAL
92-_46X
12,000
93P,600
1053
lamoline
1;17,5
1P7,500
1P.2
Kff00080
24,D:k
24,00C
2.3
les/Diesel nil
,01,0CC
15000
215,000
20.c
rmel ^411
55o,000
550,000
53.4
tubrieents
54,0DC
51400o
5.2
InTAL
15,000
1,030,500
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1951
S ss a
A roved Free 20 Yv-..dlu
OF PVTROLEUM FWMOOTS PROM THE
.P.M1.1/1....441?? *WO Oralat......4.
Gasoline
Oas/Dlesel Oil
T1TAL
1952 la
aas Diesel Oil
1953
TOTAL
TOTAL
9101049A001000060003-1
OF MtlAitNY VO THE FM WORTZ
Immor
A
MIMIC TONS
or TOTAL
5 699
5,699
71.1
2,315
2,315
28.P.
014
6,0114
30,000
12,000
60.000
30,000
72,000
29.h
70.6
h2,000
60,000
102,000
60,000
60,000
42.9
30,000
50,000
Mom
57.1
90,000
50,000
Woo?
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Approved For ReIfia
VI
SEMI
18:MVIR
orriuvrrms
entitled "Se1ec
of
the arta
e been projec
by
=Port bale
?
Le
instal, tio
DP79T01049A001000060003-1
was
nted in MP-10I,
Bloc Petroleum Exports" of August 1953
14C441-41
955. Copies -ire
per have been projected throui:h
is AIWA)
inn7roject We-w-JOITIII. The estima
d through 1955. Minor discrepancies mil
mates and those
cert:
"p-108 for 1951 an
s shown in
* noted
952. These can be
actors, including the Bloc crude oil
mport-
e, have been taken into consideration in the new figures. The
arc shoin in the table below.
ic Petroleush
1955
Time d 'Metric Tons)
dua Stocks gtf
1951
mft
12,040
14,679
170845
19,829
21,804
10,019
10,718
12,265
1311545
14,79.9
14,91
15-,596
imr5
3.614746
11,901
36,640
141,013
023
1 _
49,820
54,504
441 the Ibviet 'Moe
!UMW
Satellites
2,392
3,319
3,692
14,351
4,844
3,625
4,058
4,502 243
5,1140 298
IOW 6;4(77 342
Asiati
atelli
5
Total
120 15,052
136 18,154
151 21,638
187 24,367
213 26,861
183 15,82/
220 14,996
17,010
18,983
20,838
3,565
4,040
4,479
4,9t5
5,495
10,082
11,417
12,673
14,456
16,036
196 11,342
232 19,868
259 19;651
315 21,726
362 23,758
499
147, 221
588 53,018
653 58,349
100 65,076
917 71,457
lines, naphthas, ligroines and IMMO ceer&tal petrole solvents0
kerosenes,
lvanta,
includes Lubricati
distillate Awl oils, Diesel fuel oil and seal comMerail
oils, residual fuel oils, asphalts, topped crude#
es e.
-.12.
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Ly
U ,..
PETROLEBN PROCESSING FACILITIES AND OPERATIONS
Estimates of the currently installed petroleum processing facilities in
the Soviet aoc are shown in Tables ;1-1 to !?-5, iniuivo. Tables n-6 to B
inclusive, show estimates of the actual Soviet Bloc pet.roletim. product yields,
covering 9501 1951, and 1952.
Generally) in the. Soviet -Bloc oorparlesn with the n&tur
refining practices in most Western countries, such as the US, the
oil
)rieldS from the crude oil charge are lower in distillates and higher in residuals.
This primarily arises from the lesser degree of modernization eking and
other conversion refining equipment in the Soviet Bloc. Particularly in the USSR
the country that furnished 77.6 weizht percent of the estimated totEl Soviet Bloc
products in 1952, this comparative status would probably persist to
acme extent even if the most modern types a! conventional conversions were
applied to the crudes.
Soviet crude oils present special problems with respect to refining.
Notable features of a large portion of such crudes are as follows: ) the
stocks tend to have naphthenic and even aromatic base, and they tenJ to have
relatively by rcentage contente of virgin gasolines and other light straight-
run distillates; (2) the stocks tend to he relatively hiith in contents of gas
oil suitable for cracking, and likewise in heavy gas oil and residuals not
especially adaptable to the convention#1 types or thermal and catalytic crack.
ing. The carbocyclic base in the light gas oils end more volatile distillates
is desirable within, limits, referring to potential octane ratings of products.
however, the Soviet carbocyclic base crudes often tend to have (1) high sulphur
. 13 -
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" A urntum
,
contents and (2) poor quality characteristics in the heavy gas oil and residual
portions.
nsive program has been evident for several years in the USSR, involv-
Lng ioderntzation, and expansion of the natural crude oil refin-
ing The program was in progress through a period of rehabilitation
of the facilities which were damaged during World War II, and has been continued.
Begirming with the World War II period, the Soviets have been quite active in the
installation of catalytic refining apparatua. How ver, it does not seem probable
that the Soviets will attempt to attain a relative status in catalytic conversion
such as that Mhieh exists in the T5, This status would place heavy requirements
upon Soviet industry to furnish the complex and specialised equipment for the
installations. A high relative degree of catalytic conversion results in high
aality and high relative yields of the gaeolines. The Soviets, hovever, viii
probably be more interested in the light distillates, in general mhich are
obtainable with s emphasis upon the catalytic techniques as caspred with the
simpler thermal processes.
In the Sore chnological literature there are significant reports on
hnique experiments,
Mealy developed for the direct
thermal and catalytic cracking of the relatively abundant heavy gas oi :end
residual stocks. in most other petroleuzl areas of the world, the percentage yields
are usually small enough, with respect to refractory stocks of that nature, to
make impractical the special processing Which is required to prevent excessive
coke deposit incIdent to the cracking operation. Comparing 1953 with 1950, as
shown in Table B-1, a significant increase in the modernization of the Soviet
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rude oil refining installations is indicated. This trend will probably
continue.
The Soviet modernization progrwa appears to have been effectively increased
since 1950. Prior to 1953, however) it is not evident that the cumulative effect
a change in the over-all yield factors which were
derived in detail for 1950. Beginning with 1953, it is probable
sation effects will have increasing influence upon the Soviet natural crude oil
product yields. Table 2.6 sualmarises the comparable yields in 1951, as estimated
for the USSR and as reported for tiv US. The Table B-6 ,ata shows
that the US
operations obtained2.6% (by weight) more in distillates, 6.3% (by weight) less
in lubricants and residuals, and 3.3% (by weight) less in gas and process loss,
in terms of the crude oil charge. Table E7 summarie3 the over-s11 petroleum
product yields in the USSR, as estimated or 19500 1951, and 1952.
Natural crude oil refining facilities are reported' being expanded and
modernized in the Soviet Bloc Satellites, but not upon a basis oomperable with
the USSR program. Table B.B shows the estimated 1952 petroleum produCt yields
oxravii4.41:414e,v4dx,oadiutoctue
in the Soviet Bloc,prorateditt) the individual Soviet Bloc countries. Tables
r-aU yield estimates for the Satellites and the
loc in 1950, 1951, and 1952.
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TifILE P-1
Tnstall P tralema Processinz
#etural lietrdleum-ttetinin
Crude melt lla ion
Thermal Cracking
Thermal Reforming
Catalytic Cracking
Catalytic Alkylation
Catalytic Polymerisation
Catalytic Hydrogenation
>m,
Crude Distillation
Thermal Cracking
c=o
Thermal Reforming
tr. !f3 Catalytic Cracking
wtC .Catalytic Alkylation
catalytic Polymerizati
c-a'"--11-1-- Catalytic Hydrogenation
Charge
Alkylate
Copolymer
Iso-octane
Charge
Charge)
Charge)
Charge
Alkylate
Copolymer
Tse-octan
30
30,000
10,000
760
96
30
1. Ave
able in 1950 (Detail Estimates)
i,280
44,920
111;430
2,000
6,353
1,24S
474
16,312
218
771
9P9
390
3m
794
44
46
90
60
90
P0
ble in 1953 (Preliminart
floates
PO
4,200
1P,150
2,500
1,300
56,150
2,400
7,450
1,300
500
21,650
760
1,134
2,654
tA?mms
90
1142
3Pfk
14611
10
60
100
80
Et0
COO
Aei?
VTTT- Urals
Ta
Its
VII
Northwest
Baltic
Central Eu
XII - Far East
n ussn
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ust OFFICIALS OM'
1
Table B.2
Crude
Distillation
Charge
8,050
Soviet Zone of Austria
2,000
300
Hunal7
1,010
30
Czechoslovakia
390
50
Poland
370
20
Soviet Zone of Germany
250
Bulgaria
60
Albania
50
0
China
Total
12,580
?
s.
k/ Small capacity catalytic facilities for polymerization, hydrogenation, and
alkylation were reportedly installod in &mania prior to the close of World
War II. Present operability and operation status unknown.
Table B-3
isistallod Petroleum Proc,sin Gacacities
Svntbega Oil Facilities; in th/ ussa
Available in 1953 fi
ikeU4ies Tr, lication
Shale Oil Plants
Bergiue }Iythgeatio
Total
of U?t4. Tons per
Total Synthetic
q11 ko4POW
Estonian Sag 300
Lake Baikal Area gag
74710
a.
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WI
V
OISI
Table /14
Iat1ied Petroleum Proceseina Cam
0
A
her?Tropsch
Coal Tar illation
Lubricants Processing
Total
Total
Gorman Sovzone
Gorman Soy-zone
German Sovzons
Gorman Sovzone
Czechoslovakia
Poland
China
Satellites
25
1,475
350
100
18
2,110
Prel estimates.
Bulgaria contains oil shale reserves of some extent. However, data are not
presently available for commercial synthetic oil exploitation iA Bulgaria or
other Satellite areas except as shown.
SECRET
Approved For Relealt S?OelfttrAigl CIF'79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release UrrNA 5 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
U.S. OFFICIALS ONLY
Table B-5
Petroleum Pyoceseine Capacities I/
Soviet Bloc Facilities
Aveilable in 1955
TTIDeel of Facji14t or Products
Thousands at trio T004 per Tear.
Stock Capacity
1. Processieg Capacities
Crude Distillation IV 2/
Thermal Cracking/Reformingb/
Catalytic Cracking 1)/ 2/
Catalytic Alkylation 13/
talytie Polymerization
lytic Hydrogenation
-hetie Oil Plants.
Charge
Charge
68,730
24,600
Charge
2,654
Alkylate
328
Copolymer
100
leo-octane
ao
Oil Products
4/
2,810
2. Po4ctjon Caracittipe d
Natural Crude Oil Products
Synthetic Oil Products
Total Products
Oil Products
Oa Products
011 Products
61,290
2.750
64,040
f./ Pre
elusive of facilities for recovery of natural gas liquids.
Natural crude oil procesning facilities.
Cracking and reforming units can be operated concurrent/7 together with the crude
distillation unites* to fractionate a natural crude oil charge approximately equal
to the aggregate of the charge capacity ratings of the units. However, if a system
is designed for a conversion process such as cracking or reforming, the equipment
is not generally efficient in the crude distillation service. Further to an overall
operation as thus described, the final products are essentially confined to the
virgin components of the crude and are suitable only for emergency or temporary
purposes as compared with the finished refined products obtainable by separate use
of the conversion processes. The overall operation generally furniehes charge in
reduced quantities for the gas reversion processes such as alkylation and poly
merization.
4/ Non-gaseous petroleumprcductse
Net values of finished refined products for consumption, allowing for distribution
loss but without deduction for petroleum product consumption within the petroleum
industry itself. All conversion units assumed to be used for conversion,
- 19 -
SECRET
Approved For Release attOreprine 01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 20FVEC1VI: CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
1
Table 8-6
Connaris of Orwell Natural Crude Oil Refininc
mat antt US in lug
Stock
USSR
Thousand
Metric, To
Thousand
Bet710 Tows
Gasolines
Intermediate Distillates
Lubricants and Specialty duals
10,017
9,077
20607
28.1
25.5
7.3
105,321
73,166
21,769
37.3
25.9
7.7
Residual Fuel Oil
10,718
30.1
66,066
' 23.4
Gas and Process Loss
3,206
9.Q
5.7
Crude Oil Charge
35,625
100.0
.0.065
282,387
100.0
Gas and Process Loss
3L206
9.0
16.065
5.7
Gross Non-Gassous Products
32,419
91.0
266,322
94.3
Distribution Less
648
1.8
.1./
_____
Net Nen-Ga emus ts
31,771
89.2
ble.
Approved For Releas%20
-20-
SECRET
niaA61779T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Releas ii6g/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
OFFICIALS 9.14
ussa
ted, Annual Yields of Petroleumodu s 1/
? Petroleum
191
Gast es
9,817
10,711
Intermediate Distillates
8,896
9,738
Lubricants and Specialty Residuals
2,554
2,794
Residual Fuel Oil
10.504
11.491
Total Refined Non-Gaseous Products Ili
31,771
34,736
Process Gasand Distribution Less
5454
4.214
Crude Oil Charge to Refining
35,625
38,950
Unrefined Crude Oil Consumption ki
375
410
Crude Oil Field Losses
1.500
1.640
Total Crude Oil Production
37,500
41,000
Natural Gas Liquids
300
1.100
Total Petroleum Production
37,800
42,100
vnthetit Oil
Distillates IV
171
217
Lubricants and Residuals
38
1+4
Total Synthetic Oil Products
209
265
Distribution Loss
4
5
Total Synthetic Oil Plant Production
213
270
'fetal Disti ea w2./
Natural Gas Liquids 300
Natural Crde Oil Products 18,713
Synthetie Oil Products
Total Distillates 19,184 21,766 5
TQta3. Lubricant, and Residuals ii
11,495
10,450
2,999
12.333
37,277
.4.523
41,800
440
1.760
44,000
3.000
47,000
483
56
539
550
3,000
21,945
Unrefined Natural Crude Oil Product
ki
375
410
440
Refined Natural Crude Oil Products
13,058
14,287
15,332
Synthetic Oil Products
38
46
56
Total Lubricants and Residuals
13,471
14,745
15,828
Total Petroleum duct' W
Distillates 9./
19,184
21,766
25,428
Lubricants and Residuals
13,471
14.745
jaaga.
Total Petroleum Products
32,655
36,511
41,256
Net values for final consumptions allowing for distribution loss but uitho
deduction for petroleum product consumption within the petroleum industry 1
ki Net storage increments assumed to be nominal and uniform for natural crude o
2/ Excluding lubricating oil distillates.
- 21 -
SECRET
Approved For Re151s8 2wites: hvDP79T01049A001000060003-1
11 urr
Approved For Release 2000/05/SBIeUVADP79T01049A001000060003-1
vi t Bloc
Natural
Petroleum
Production
1
Rumania
Austrian Sozone
Hungary
Albania
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Bulgaria
German Scvzore
CZ]
Total European Satellites
1-1-1....a Total Asiatic Satellites c/
f2gd4C Total Satellites
USSR
6" Total Soviet Bloc
7,200
3,200
600
310
116
60
20
0
117,776
235
di 47 000
936
416
78
40
24
8
3
0
11 5
0
e/ 12535-
Tr/ 6 23
Natural
Petroleum
Products
nthe tic
Oil
Products
Total
Petroleum
Products
60261!
0
6,264
2,7P4
0
2,7'4
522
0
522
270
0
270
162
35
177
52
269
341
17
0
17
0
1074
1,274
TY;64-r-
283
100071
205
1,57F
,p
IT;937-
e/ 10,76
10656
l/ 40,717
539
41,256
50-?n
?1.55
53 15F
Weight %
Total
Petroleum
Products
11.7
5.23
O*9P
0.51
0.33
0.64
0.03 ......1
2.40 ,..Eqg
-2-1791-1.4.J,
_.21.,53-PEFc'.2
77.57 Ce?:.=3
100.66 ZI:
C417
4051/ rinished refined non-gaseous products; net values ai*i1b1 for -on,
product consumption within the petroleum industry itself.
N'aturel crude oil only.
Zi/ Communist China.
1/ Natural 'rude oil plus natural liqtiids.
Prorated to areas on basis of estim ted total natural
was actually processed.
/ Assumed to be indigenous; import-export balan e?, fi4..? the natural crude
a As estimated for individual areas.
allowing for distrlbutiMn losa but without de
for
oleum
crude oil production within the areas regrdiess of the area in which the natural crude oil
oil with other countrie5 neglected.
22 -
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
avigRtEtTotr
Approved For ReiTate
44'4.1
DP79T01049A001000060003-1
Table B-9
Bloc Satillitek
-
T
Mg
From Natural Petrol,
la 4,099 5,438 6,186
ants and Residuals 2,710 3,595 4.090
Total Refined RonAaseous Products ii/ 6,809 9,033 10,276
Total Gus and Material Lose 1.918 1,q50 1.535
Total Petroleun Production 7,827 10,383 11,811
ki 1,057 1,275 1,907
and Residuals1P4 126 149
Ai 1,161 1,401 1,656
24 29 14
Production 1,185 1,430 1,690
Tot4 Peoeom Product 4 1/
Total Synthetic Oil Products
Distribution Loss
Total Sinthetjc Oil
Lubricants
d Residuals
Total Petroleum Products
5,156 6,713 7,693
2.1514 3.72; 4.239
7,970 10,434 11,932
sof Net values for final consumption, allowing for distribution less but without
dedution for petroleum product consumption within the petroleum industry itself.
ki Including lubricating oil distillatea.
titillated Ann
Tobin B.10
Soviet Bloc
Ytelds of Petroleum Products
? Distrillate
Lubricants and Resid
Total Petroleum Products
Thousands qf Metric Temp
24,340.
16.285
28,479
,18?466
122
33,121
Z?.067
40,625 46,945 53,188
vaLue3 fox' 1 consumption, allowing for distribution loos but without
etion for petroleum product consumption within the petroleum iadstx7 itself.
luding lubricating oil distillates.
SECRET
Approved For Release 200lia11eFFICAMSpONI4Y'I049A001000060003-1
25X1A
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000MRIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
III Si OFFICIALS ONIY
C. PETROL7UM PRODUCTION,
YES AND
Ps in the ease of petroleum products output, the estimated productions proved
reserves and potential were shown in MP-108. Copies of this information are attached
63 Table C-1,
:Since that time, production estimates have been projected through 1955 and a
summary of this information is shorn in the table below.
Production of Nattiral Crude Oil in theLlgiviet Bloc
1951-1955
Year
-
USSR
?i;urope-Ln
oatellites
Asiatic
Satellites
Thousand getric Tons
Total
1951
41,000
10,125
183
51,308
II, 6 -117
1952.
44 ,000
Ak7+96
235
55,751
1953
48,000
12,695
304
60,999
1954
52,500
14,175
400
67,075
'73 loo
1955
57,000
16,200
500
73;200
-24-
SECRET
Approved For RelUaSe MAIM :gitURDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2004MICIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
74b1
0.
L. nnl P
tie
AmitIeFF
Growth of Product
194F-1952
nrcent
USfR
29.2
2
Rumania
4.2
3
bovaone Aua ris
0.9
4
Hungary
0.5
5
Albania
poland
0.2
7
Czechosl 4a
6/
Bulgaria
8
9
China
0.1
10
Total Sovilloc
35.2
11
USA
291.7
12
Yiddle East
55.9
13
Total Free 'World
449.4
47
7.2
3.2
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.1
58.P,
333.2
102.0
94.6
Elfa czi. e
dee up to 3 aillion tons of na liquids cons.*
This grout rate reflseta resultz of contervation program
oil deposits is between 10 and 11 percent annually.
Productive capacity of USA, Middle Vast and Pres World is sbo
annual croductiou shut, down lr IT.an6
Growth in productive capacity is somewhat higher than tfle grar
Lees than 0605 million metric tons.
12.6 2/
)7.0
5.3
14.2
7.4
16.9
33.0
13.7
3.4
16.2 5
6.e
o
eterves
Reservesto nroa1*o1oic to',7,10.1
? 31t 1952 Production Reaouc,stO U00.
1,000
?0
12
5
2
2
1
1
5
1,09e
4,324
7,172
13,522
25 -
Approved For Release 2000/0i5
F
21
Large
Fair
10
Medium
good
good
Mediu,
Small
?air
Poor
10
Medkim
POOT
10
Small
Good
10
Small
Poor
25
Large
Poor
Large
Fair
13.0
Medium
Good
70.3
Large
Goad
23.1
Large
Good
of these products were wasted in 1946.
gm$ liquids. rrolth rats due to discove suld development of
her? then entAal production, not including 30 million tons
049A001000060003-1
L
Approved For Rele.ai F
se 201 UV CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Ii Si 0 FF LLS LL,
D, SOVIT blek AC ;S A D eFFFRS OF PETROLEUM AIM PETROLEUM PROTqICTS
It is very difficelt to equate trade aereements and offers to actuel Shipments
of petroleum and petrolee.a products ia Soviet lice-Free qori d trade. 1:e:eel the
attached tables De2 and D-3 it can be seen that nost of the arreements with, aed
offers to the Free World are nade by the Uf.%5R. Petually, less than 20 percent of
the Shipments are made fron tLe Soviet Union. Also, the time iod involved
the ccerratments is rarely on a calendar year basis. Finelly0 a coneerison of the
acteal shipmen
ia 195:3 with the quantities elven in the aereeeents and offers
rarely aeree* There are, in addition, eany unofficial barter deals made between
or aLid eloc trading erouesi either directly or
through third parties.
A few typical coeparisons are s'eown below.
Bloc Commitments vs. Actual 1953 Exports -11t7
Imporeing Country
Argentina
Finland
France
Greece
Iceland
Israel
Italy
orwa.,77
Sweden
Citients Exports
500,000 tons of crude oll
55C,15o tone of POL
400,000 tons of crude oA.,
301000 tone of fuel oil
200,000 tons of POL
100,000 tons of fuel oil
2000000 tons of crude oil
le0,0e0 Leeks of ..eeel oil
t2ns
of fel
130,000 tons of diesel oil
20,000
tons of
eAceec
The Soviet Bloc country, in nearly
S shown ie
kerosene
None
608,657 tons Of VL
19,654 tons of fuel oil
17,000 tons of fuel oil
51,259 tons of POL
None
121,025 to of
20{,635 tons of
125,7137 tons of
12,00E tons of
114,071 tons of
crlde oil
fuel oil
fuel
gas/diesel oil
diesel oil
174,951 tons of fuel oil
oI
every incident, quotes price f.o.b. neck eea-L7`*4
le D-1. D-1. If the cost of
prices quoted approximate the prices of these
-'a'
Approved For Release 2000/05/11F
U.S. 01T
ir added to theses rot of tl,c
coenodities from Frre 'orld seurces.
-fDP79T01049A001000060003-1
LcS ONLY
Approved For Release lg : CIA7RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
U2St DiT
The offers are on a strictly licome-and-cet-it' asis. In a:.ditions ei'Ase nearly
60 percent of the exports mase in 1953 came frcoi the Llack .:.(1a areas the irting
ccyzintry was faced 1,lith necessity of supplyinz the tankers to transport it.
SECRET
Approved For Release ferffnurikt-111ORT01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 ..CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
\Stab
IL SI EMUS Cal
Table D-1
US vinCIaLS DULY
isaetmr:,
OF PSTAULMM.....?=-?
In1orm:4/J% regal-di:1g roviet expurt prices of petroleum product4 is
United. The prixes listed oolow .:or specific toduri mtroluum PrJancts
are indicative ci pr-vAliag 1953 prices.
25X1 A
I. Gas oil-- for domestic heatia:7, purposes-.760.00 i/ton (,29.23)
II. Fuel oil.-Light (50 percent las oi1.50 iorcent heavy f.0.-641.40 AS/t (
III. iuel o industria1--381.00 itaton (14.65) )
) ?regressively smaller
IV. Fuel oil..heavy induatria1.-338.00 iLSiton 013.00) ) percentage of Gas oil
) f.o.b. prices
V. Fuel oil..henvy induntrial.-298.00 ...S/tan (0.1.46) )
25X1 A
French import--30.000 tug or motor caseline as such from FM sources at $45
equivalent per ton.
25X1 A
o 1i 'a in connection with areek.Soviet trade ?egotiations,
from unA...
Heavy and 114ht fuel otl..300.000 metric tons approximate value in
dollars 4.000.00,
25X1 A
1) Moscow offered 5wtdish firm 10.90.000 tax oil."Orice SK R 59.57 (411.0)
FOB Constansa
Spif
ecic gravity - 0.950
Flash point-
100? C
Fulphuremixlmum. = 0.5 percent
Visv)sity enaer - 12 at 50? C
Pour point- - ... 10? C
2) Liesel oil rIN 137.27 f?tosb. Tlatnm ($26.110)
Specific L.,,ravIti -
Flash doint
Viscsity engler
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T010.1t*r ?00060003-1
- 74'
?Mir OtAnte" ( "M
C U
Approved For Release2000 / O : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
AC'
S. FFIGIALS ONLY
3) 20,000 tons gas oil (synthetic ell) 027.00/ton . Szczecin
4) 20,000 tons liatum gas oil SKR 134.68/ton f.o.b. 3atum ($25.90)
Specific gravity . 0.850-0.870
Flauh point 60?-85?
Viscosity angler at 20? C 1.3-1.7
Pour point NO MO OW OM WO (-100 C)
Coke content 0.05 percent
SUlphur. 0,2 percent
5) 15.20,000 tons ga5 oil from Const&nza or ilatum 427.00/ton
Diana index 48
Specific 6ravi so ea es 0.865 flashpoint 60?- c
Viscosity angler 1.2.1.7
6) Fre ,ht costs
Illy 1953 6,500.9,000 to fuel oil Constant,* to GRvle.SImadsvall
range.-37 Shillinzs/ton (;5.18) (itesumed to be Br. Shillino)
9,000 tons fuel oil from Constanza to 2 6medi3h port t in
Ahilli.ms/ton (3.64)
Fuel oil 2v.30,000 tons AR 56.98 f.o.b. Constanza ($10,96)
Specific gravity
Pour point
riash point
Rumanian oil-
10,000 m3 (63
nu. lor
0.95
(.4.00
100 C
25X1A
25X1A
bbls.) viscosity 12? 4/50? C SW CI. 94.60 per
m3/ ($18.19) $2.90 per barrel/cif Skoghall..located at Lake Vattern
(SW. KR. 3.4) m3/410.10 pRr barrel) (40.65)
Soviet trading agreement called for
1) Ghs oil exports*
Specific ?,,ravity - 0.850.0.870 at 200 C
Viscity angler at 20? C 1.3.1.7
Flaal point- - - 60.850
Four point (-10 C Max.)
Carbon residue - 0.05 percent
SECRET
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : 9,IA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
RiP
Approved For Release 2000/f!4
013/TetaCIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
OFFICiALS ONLY
Sulphur 0.29
Colour according to Union Max. 3 marks
326,00 Metric Ton, Bat=
.oulivery period- - June..December 1953
2) Srtth?stLcgas oil
Diesel index- me 4n 40442
5peci1ic gravity - 0.865-0.870
Price $26,00 per Metric ton f.o.b. Stettin
Delivery - - June..December 1953
, 3) Waver "ohite Kerosene
Specific gravity
444 U.6354400850
Price may be fixed oa an average quotation-
Matta Oil Orem t4:4,1) Gulf
\h) Tretcr fuel
Specific gzuvity
octane.
Price
OP ow 0,04o 0x.
411 W
0tor Laife (stylised)
\ Octane Ras, !loth. . .
\ ,
\bpenifie ravtty at 200
,
\
phur-
6) 3lack tI1oil (Mazu")
it gravity at 15? C-about 0.950
$30.JO per Metric Ton f.o.b. harbours
of Black bo
83
C 0.747 Max.
0,05 percent
08,50 per Metric ton f.o.b. Return
r*.due
\ ,
Wate\ and 'sediment
Prica.4\
not more than 0,3 porooni0
Max 2.5 percent
not more than 1,5 percent
612 per Mewric Ton f.o.b. Constant&
25X1A
Offer frs WTI of gasoline Octane No. 80,
Keroseae for liOlting, gas oil i4us 100 C
prices accorni14 to minimum quota4on of 4:0,b. aU on day of miipment frcm ports
of Black Sea.
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 ? cIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
-
25X1A
E
Approved For Release 2000/4A5 A-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
U.S. OFFICIALS OM
Red offers of Crude and Bunker oil (USSR.Lrgentlna)
1055,000 bbls. Buriker /13, fuel-- 9/10d per barrel (about
Constants, Aumania)
Hated Used
Austrian biUi 26 to 1 US $
Swedish kroner . 5 to]. us $
British Shillings 140
000b.
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
? 3 o
Importing
Country
Afghanistan A)
Argentina 1/
Belgium
Finland
!ranee 2/
Ireece
Iceland 3/
SECRET Ctif
Approved For Release 2000/0RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Effective Dotes of
,e A7reerentM tne Offers
J1Ily 1952-July 1953
nd Otfer f PetrO1eW Product
1953 - 1954
Total Crude Pieeel
Petroleum Pro cteJO.Tael
Simed 26 Dec 53 for next
year (1954) (No quantities)
Signed 5 Aug 53; 15 Aug
15 Au l 54
( 5,200 T
(3oo,wo ILP
oal
53; 5oo,000 AT
$500,000
Offer of Petrels= Products
in Mertietione for 3 years
7xtension of 1948 TA
A) Year 1c53- Signed 23 ?eh 53
P) Year 195)-Signed 25 NnY 53
Signed 1r; :IA 53; 1 Jul 53:
1 Jul 54
Signed 2P Jul DI 2P Jul 53;
29 Jul 54
Signed 1 Au
31 Jul 54
igned 2 Dec 53
Aug 53;
55P0150 MT
774,2oo
Petroleum
EC
200 T 5,000 T 300,000
(t65 Per Ton) IMP
141
500,000 MT
1D,00C MT '246,400 :1' 22,250 MT 130,000MT 9,500 MT
230,000 MT 301,500 ,V 74,200 MT 160,500M11 A,000 MT
400,000 MT 400,000 'YT
300,000T
Approved For Rel
30,000 T
SI 11
r00/05/15 : t1LRDP79T01049A001000060003-1
300,000T
(Approx. Value
,74,o0,000)
5oo,,(13o
I No quantities bit
Afghan sought in..
crease
X
X
-
Approved FiSailEise 2000/05/4pRiECIARDP7c9ald0/9A001110160003A?'--
0
d
i!'54
importing Effe tive Dates of
Country Trade A velment; and Offers
A) Signed 10 June 53; 1 Apr 531
31 Mar 54
e) Supplement Si7ne4 30 Sep 53
Iran
oneladed Dec 53
Concluded 27 let 53 for
12 months
Offers of Petroleum Prod.
made to 'Tap firma durirg
1as% Q tr. 1953,
Norway Trade contracted over and
above 1953 barter agreement
Oct 1953- 31 Jan 1954
Smeden Year 1953
Turkey zi A) ?arter deal reported
in Nov 1953
P) Unconfirmed Repo!.t riT)et
1953 of oantemplated barter
dee1 for spring of 1954
Total
2,0)0 T
Orude
Diesel Gasoline
Oil Nei
100,000 T
(Option to purchase add.
10020)0 T)
300,000 T 200,000 T
($500N(00) (2.5Ml Lire)
($4 million)
75,000
?.00,000 T
77,000?
Fuel
Oil
ge,000 T 20,000 T
Lab. Petroleum
g00 T
1) 1,200 T
total: 2,000 T
100,000 T
(Wia option
to purchase
Add. 100,00f) T
100,000 T
(1 bil tire
$1.6 'Onion)
75,000T
Approve?Egitillease 2000/05/12. CIA-RDP7FITQA1o49wioqoo6oc193-1
?
Ui
Petrol.=
Products NEC
A) 2- T
B) 50,000 T
3
Approved For Release 2000/05/ WIRDP 79T01049A001000060003-1
41A
TABLE P*2 (Coutld)
Cottnt
orU Co
1953 - 1954
West (Wow y A) Barter daal aoncluded in 88,000 T
Nov 53 between Soviet trade
organisation and PrankfUrt firm
B) Delivered by US earlier
in 1953
A.)66,000
B)720000 T
- 33
SECRE
Approved For Release 2090ip5o5k.:cm-gp479,-r01049A001000060003-1
Us a. ur km-L.S IlL
25X1C
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 200MEICIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
F
Ta
Satelitte TrPde A eeritt Coitmenta of Petroleum
Free WerId Countries
'
190-195h
Importing/Exporting Effective dates of
Canaries Trade Agreements
Vulgarian Iremt: Quota
West Germany Signed 5 Aug. 2-1 Aug
52- 31 Dad 53
Total PM
Products
Csechosl kQuota
Austria Signed 3 Jul 53-1 Nov 52
31 Dec 53
E. 0ermany:twA
W. lermanr 1/
Crude
oil
Tntersonal Agreement 45,000 lat
8.3 mil clearing
twits
Hunger,' 2/Export Note
W. German
Signed 19 "Ine 524r, 1953 $200,000
Sigmed 1 June 53-1Jun 554150,000
31 m'y 54
* luau. el and
p.a.
Ftel tub. Petroleum Petroleum
Usolins Korosene 011 Oils Derivataves -rod.
p?VID
15,000 nit 3OOOO mt
%3 mil clearing
nnite *
SECRET
tub. oils
and rease
Incl. in cate-
gory olierionam.
Total of *var-
ious' $500,000
p?m?
(Petralews
Distillates)
$200,000
3100,000 $40,000
10,000
(Listed as
differential
rsase)
Importing/
Countries
Poland
Norway
Sweden
ort uota
Effective datee of
Trade Agreements
1 Apr 53-30 Apr 54
Signed 2 May '53
I Mar 53-2n Fcb 5)!
Rumania aport Quotas
Argentina 3/
Finland 4/
ggypt
Greece
Italy 5if
Switzerland
Norway
See footnote
Signed 18 JOY 53
1P Jul 53-31Deo 54
Sined 24 Oct 53
Contract between
Ire,* businessman
ani POL evert 2
Jul 53:30.Sep 53
Renewal Prom 19 Dec
52-19 tee 53 vocl000
SECRET
Total POL
Products
300,000T
430,000 MT
Crude
011
pu9101049A001000060003-1
Table P*3 (oont:',nued
LIesel
Yazut 1.11P1. Gprwlf.re Lerosere
28,500 T 28,OO T
1 Aug52-1Aug
Barter *1 Oct 52
31 Dec 53
See footnote
2O.DOO T
5OOO mt 20,000 mt
Fuel Lub. Petroleum Petroleum
Oil Oils Derivatives Prod, NEC.
4,0 C
500
300,000 T
4cos000 t ,000 mt
(34 mil) (grease)
500 mil lire
(600,030)
20,000 T
120,000 T y
?6 1LS_ Q2_"t y
Approved For Release 200005/15 : CIA-RCP-FS-RI 049A001,000060003-1
25X1C
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Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000/
0.
PIO
01:ECTA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
IL S fiALS ONLY
J.JITIET PA13ILi tIS FE TRANS -T""
TO ThE FA :1 Wait
The attached detailed ay is of the transport capabilities of the 64)viet 31QC
indicates that in the foreteeable future the aloe will not be able to h,..ndle trade
With the Free or 1d in eetra,exa and petroleum products by means of their own trane-
portation faciiltii, Ln 1953, neer1y'60 percent of the 3ovie
the Elack :jea area. ell of it Ana carried on Free
from
? It the recent trend
continues, this area will become in nz! more important as the source of Eloc
exports. As indicated in the attachment, the estimated size of the Soviet Eloc ocean,-
going tanker fleet eill only be 180,000 gross tons in 1955, and will all be utilized
for intra r
at the present time.
The limitation ef the rail syetom of the 4= is in the European 'it.ttellites,
Virtually all rail facilitiee for the trensport of petroleum and petroleum products
are used now in support of inte-reel 310c reeirements, and will be in 1955.
Since it is. believed thet any increase in exports will come from itegania and the
uL,a, there seems little doubt that the ace: will become more dependent on ,:eestern
tankers. It is obvious that trensportation facilities in the Soviet Bloc are berely
sufficient now to meet internal needs. It appears equally obi/1mo that the situation
will not have improved by 1955.
SECRET
Approved For Rthettsetrif
14850314-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 2000/26VIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
batty of
toms o 1956 o
U1S. OFFICIALS ONLY
nfl.W.E.S.AleMnILS
co ospbi1tttes for transport of POL to the West
f two p
0
factors the ale abili
dot
t ospaoir. liable d by analyw
OL exports In 1962 exports totsled 2.0 million rnetric
d 8O million metric tons; 1965 imp? ght iuch 6.0
port this tonnage e loc will have by the fend of 1966 a servioes,
tank
oar park of about 90.000 units capable of liftin 2.IA million metric' tons (USSR
a
. 0.40). If no considoration wen, given to
ortions
could
*storm Soviet
rdor
kilomoters)
7,1 million tons tr ?oQ3ti to Parts (2 500
to domestio floods,'
lablo for .xport in 1966. the West,
44 vase*
1
a
. Poland . 20.000) capable et lifting about 260.000 oargo tone. on the basis
could carry 1.4 flUon rnetric. tons arnua11' frma
This would roquire porformance of P.S b llion tou
additi *bore i availabl on the Danube a Bloc ta
et of lifti
227.000 metric tGiI of POL.
SECRET
U. S. OFFICIALS ONLY
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 20SEZEI : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
01 Si OFFICIALS ONLY
Assuming each barge can mak* 8 round trips during the operating season, it could
carry toOl million tons annua'lly from Ginroiu, Rumania, to 1e;ensburg, Go
ating ontirol
oort traffic
eat has a potential annual performance
3,3
of 241. billiontonkilemeters(227,000 tons, SO percent loaded
. per day
during 300-day sea stime . There is thus available to the Bloc a
port lift potential of 2.6 million tons (rail --2,18 million tons, ocean tanker
250,000 tons, Danube barge - 227,000 tons).
It is considered, however, that Bloc water and rail transport capability will be
rally utilized in 1955 Us at present in support of Bloc PtL requirements,leaving no
appreciable transport capacity for Bloc-borne movement to sstern countries. The
degree of utilization varies somewhat from one type of transport to another. Despite
the apparent substantial rail petroleum capacity, within the US6h if consideration is
given only to finished products, it is believed that there is no appreciable capacity
actually available for rail transport of POI. to the Oast after Won needs are
satisfied. In any case, Bloc rail transport capability to move PUL to he 4est is
limited by the Eastern gurotean 3atellite capability as cargoes must be transferred
from wide gauge to standard. 6auge equipment at the UR border. in the case of water
transport, it is estimated. that Bloc POI, transport reouirements utilize virtually all
Bloc tanker capacity, leaving little or none for sea transport of Bloc oil to the ;iest.
There are numerous indications of the accuracy of this judgment. .Bloc tankers are not
used to ca
o the oest. Yirtw11y all exports to the oeet orioinate in Constanza
and are carried in -astern tankers,under Italian and Finnish registry. (In
1952, Italy and rinlond were the ma or consignees of this traffic.) If lam tanker
Approved For ReleasU n 20018E:TCIA:RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
1-1 ALS WILY
Approved For Release 20WEIF6T: CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
ui SoRzns
25X1C
capacity were available WIRMOSUISIORMWat it is reasonable that it would be used
inatead of depending upon foreign bottoms.
indicates
maximum loading of Bloc tankers in 3100 trade; tale leading exception is the partial
loading often noted in the Black 3ea, from Constanza or Batumi to other Black Sea
porta. Still further evidence is seen in the aoviet practice of charterincrelatively
large
tanker tonnages for its export., to theet?
Union had been able to divert tanker tonnate fDcWm dunestic
year or so, to transport Irnnian oil, it is probable that41
tan
er
f the Soviet
in the past
would
been used, if only for their propnganda value, deepite published threats of Anglo?
Iranian Oil Company, Ltd., to proeecute such purchases. Actual capabilities for move?
ments to the (iest by the Bloc Danube barge fleet are likewise estimated to be of little
eam_ euence. Despite considerable barge capacity theoretically available, rail hauls
ere of much more importance.. There are several reason why actual capacity of the
barge fleet is lox. Danube barges are necessarily loaded at levels which allow passage
throughout the voy
e; shallow stretches make it necessary to keep loads low
rather than at i xintI load. levels. Loc water restricts traffic in some
streto1'ea to
very shallow draft operations during four months of the year (February, September,
October and November) and presents a barrier to fulleet operations durin6 other
periods of the
One &ure of the potential of the Bloc Danube barge fleet
for oil transport to the ..est is the volume of such traffic actually carried at present
in Bloc bottoms. The main movement of EOL from the iiloc to the est via the Danube is
movement of refined; products from Vienna to Linz. Virtually all this traffic (129,516
- metric tons in 1952) MVOS in hustrian bottoms (some isist German
are involved).
The .Gloc Mat eee not :tirtteltpate in tt. traffic. 7,7 Is prolxtbl the 4ost aizni?
... -
Approved For Release 6009/P,;, 1411A-Rpp7,9T01049A001000060003-1
S ; MY
Approved For Release 20: CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
UN S. tFICALS ELY
actual capabilities of the Danube Bloc fleet to participa
to the ;est, in, addition to carrying its own Danube PUL traffic. Since the
Stcl
ore to eat Danube traffic which were imported; at
the and of or1d 4r II there has been no apparent reason rhy LI Bloc could not send
ba
es
Zone and c
reasonable
up into Uxs est Zone. 4stern vessels are sailing into the
zeizd if t sst uld try to hold Bloc vessela It appears
at
he , that possible the Bloc would attempt
of this traffic aspos8ibie, in order to earn the freight charges and at the an time
barge fleet busy. The fact that there is no Bloc participation points
conclusion that the Bloc fleet ia
already busy and has no frec capietty to allocate to such t
Export Imnprt Alternatives
The foregoing appraisals do not take into consideration the pos b e advantagee
to Bloc transport capabilities if they elect to increase their stocks of export oil
by making certain choices which are available to them. Within the ttrma of refer-
to be 3ub2tntia1 but they should be examined. There are
of vKtch ar to be at all realistic. If tankor tran3-
8,
available for IndozeiAn oil to the Soviet Far
oil to the et and 1047 eq va ent quantities from Indonesia to make up any Par East
oil deficita, .vhich are now supplied fr Baku. The tank cars thus re1eaed from the
1oa-Far East traffic could then be allocated to carry Baku oil to the 4e8t. The
effect of the exercise of this hoice upon exports to the West depends, however, upon
the ire of the deficit in Far Eaot production. The Auantity of Baku oil thus made
SECRET
Approved For Release12000/Mlit7012A-ppq9T01049A001000060003-1
ul ta f
,
Approved For Release 200?10eitCIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
U1 S1 GF LLS ELY
aval.iabje to th iest would have to balance the tonnage imported from Indonesia to
make up the Far East deficit. Any other pattern would be wastefUl of tank car
transport. (Possible price advantagee of selling Baku oil and buying Indonesian oil
are not considered,) Another choice ould allow the export of Rumanian oil to the
4est and the import of Joviet oil into the Eastern Foropeantellites to aice up the
deficit created by such exports. The transport economics of this c 'e
empletely wueaLttic, irw1ving as it would gloving oil from close proximity to con-
suming areas and then importing oil into that area from a longer diatF;44ce (this ould
involve a complicated movement from Baku by rail, pipeline or the Vola-Don Canal,
then either around or across the Black 3ea and up the Danube valley by rail, pipeline
or barge)
unusual transport m
of ,,, present apparent umillineness of t
wkilability of oil for sale to the
it is extremely doubtful that by the end of 1955 the USSR would adopt any such measures
aa those neceeitated b the choices outlined above.
4$
S.
SECRET
Approved ForkeleaLikoL /glay1A-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
25X1A
25X1A
Approved For Release 2000/Oi1a
T s o
IA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
4 De
RR 22, 31 Deoembe 1958, Th. P
4 the European Satelli
Tapra3r proo
of Loccaottves and Rollin& Stock
9 OFFICIALS ONLY.
WagonoY;
Holland Run Soviet Transportation Policy,* 20 October 195$
CIA OR cant button draft to Project EIC.P..8, SAS OFFICIALS ONLY.
25X1A
SECRET
q
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
Approved For Release 20
Table I
his tbi
CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
1131 OFFICIALS Ott
-4STEVri -r OF ri.7,1170LETTM PRODUC
nts
a whole
tater o ho cjvt1 oonsmap
the ra 1953 Th* 'ange of err
d to bo plusor minus 10 =tent for 'sties
nd iva or iii15
table
uSxeitent,?? a b
for the years 1951 3$53. The range of error
considered to be about plus or minus 10 percent*
bless total consumption is breken &m into coasumption
tion of residual products. Distillates
ligrotne, dieeifuel* distillatefud
so nts. Reeiduale include retdua1 fuel oil, asphalts sumo
-oti, and mis3ellaneo-
0;Tri.VUZICS
Qt error in the tir
$ dicrpiLCiC$ Which
looked as being .ndgnif
tab 1e is at
10 percert of
SECRET
US I OFFICIALS Otill
Approved For Release 2000/05/1614,,CK-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
SECRET
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 ? CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
OR Si OFFICIALS ONLY
-14SU
1
DUCTf;
Distillates
TAE SOVIFT 31.0C,
3.?90 1,53
(allions of ictricTons)
1952
Mg2
24.2 21.0 23.e
gi2 2.L.z26 i7.
Total
PROFEt4 atmulTs
33,2
37.3
41.3
Distillates
1.7
2.3
2.5
Residuals
4
14
Total
3.1
3.7
ATICs/-Ti;ILITvn
c sidis
0.4
0.1
0.5
pal
o.11,
0.2
Total
0.5
0.6
o.6
7,0VIT
Ustillatc
20,3
23.3
26.7
Etosiduals
16.5
lotal
41.3
Data for this tabla fral 1VP fi,n and from the foUowing docn at
-JR 17(1-F), 19 June 1952, ST,
.17(114r), 24 June 12, 0
CIA NE 33, 1951
ORR Project 25,24 (TMP), 23 Sept 1953,
11 Pits...3/' 17 Jlay 1953) C.
Approved For Releat _ __
scoggiO_I; DP79T01049A001000060003-1
- 46 -
Approved For Release 2000/0515 :?*C 7RT v1119A001000060003-1
J. S.
A A
Produettm of Produ
28.9
18.3
47.2
33.2
tomes Pistribu OS
.6
.3
.9
.7
et Availability of
28.3
18.0
46.3
32.5
Must 'sports fromOutsS4s the
nog
neg
2
19.8
19.4 51 9
nog. neg.
Total
53.0
Lasso Saporta Outside the Sevilla
.5
1.3
.7
1.0
1.7
Available for Domestic Itscp&.ramesnts
217.8
17.3
16.1.
31.15
50.2
Civil Consumption
20.3
34.5
36.8
23.0
17.5
41.3
Available for Military Requirsisato
and enaessmmOWed fir
is
M/P
Tabls 1, 500111011 Titpegs 45.
7.5
4 the foIjl.ug tbi of this report.
SECRET
S. OFFICIALS OL:
A,
Approved For Release 2000/05/15 : CIA-RDP79T01049A001000060003-1
0.t :rttri.c
tilates idutis Total
)8.7 19.6 58.3
.e 4 1.2
37.9 19.2 57.1
neg. neg.
2.1 1.5 2.6
36.8 17.7 54.5
26.7 18.9 45.6
(