THREAT OF SABOTAGE TO THE MINING AND METALS INDUSTRY OF KATANGA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T01003A001500030003-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 15, 2002
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: January 8, 1963
• Content Type: BRIEF

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244
Current Support Brief
THREAT OF SABOTAGE
TO THE MINING AND METALS INDUSTRY OF KATANGA
CIA/RR CB 63-3
8 January 1963
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
On file GSA release instructions apply.
DIA and DOS review(s) completed.
shrazr~=
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WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person isprohibited by law.
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THREAT OF SABOTAGE
TO THE MINING AND METALS INDUSTRY OF KATANGA
The rapid deterioration of the Tshombe regime in Katanga Province
of the Republic of the Congo poses the threat of extensive sabotage of that
province's industrial facilities. Among these, the mines and plants of
the giant Union Miniere du Haut Katanga (UMHK) are a, prime target. On
1 January 1963, Tshombe stated that unless the United Nations accepted a
cease-fire, he would put into effect his long threatened "scorched earth"
policy, I/ and some damage already has been inflicted. While this Office
does not have the intelligence basis for evaluating the sabotage capabilities
of Tshombe's forces, the prolonged loss of production by UMHK, which
produces large quantities of copper, cobalt, germanium, and zinc, plus a
host of other metals and minerals, would be a major blow to the economic
and political stability of the Congo. In 1960, Katanga received US $44 mil-
lion from this company, a sum equal to about half of the budgetary income
of the Republic of the Congo in that year. 2/ Although the loss of produc-
tion would be serious to the Congo, the impact upon the rest of the world,
with the possible exception of Belgium, probably would be negligible.
I. Nature of the Facilities
The facilities of the Union Miniere include the entire gamut of mines
and plants that normally are associated with a large, diversified, and
complex mining and metallurgical operation plus such auxiliary but neces-
sary facilities as power-generating plants, transmission lines, rail facili-
ties, coal mines, cement plants, living quarters,
and efficient t hby the ospitals.
most up-to-
date of the facilities are mechanized, modern, a
date western standards. 4/ Most of the copper, cobalt, germanium, and
zinc ores are produced by five large mines at Kamoto, Munonoi-Kolwezi,
Ruse, Kipushi, and Ruashi; small quantities are produced by a large num-
ber of lesser installations. (See Figure 1 for locations. ) The principal
metal processing installations are at Kolwezi, Lubumbashi, and Jadotville.
All of these facilities are electrified to an unusual degree. The electric
power is supplied primarily by four large hydroelectric powerplants, 5/
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of which the largest and newest is located at Le Marinel. 6/ The other
hydroelectric powerplants are in Delcommune, Francqu.i, and Bia. 7/
In addition, there are small thermal powerplants at Jadotville and
Elisabethville. (See Figure 2 for locations of plants and transmission
lines. )
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III. Impact of Loss of Production upon the Rest of the World
The output of products exported in 1961 by the UMHK totaled about
US $240 million and represented about 60 percent of the total exports of
the Congo. 27/ As shown by the tabulation below, the UMHK produces
some metals in quantities of significance in relation to world output.
UMHK Output in 1961
UMHK Output in 1961 as a Percent
Commodity (Short Tons) of World Output
Cadmium 10,400 a/ 6 a/
Copper 325,400 a/ 7 J
Cobalt 9,259 a/ 58 a/
Germanium 15 b 30
Zi 62,799 a/ 2 -/
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Most of the mineral output of the UMHK is exported, largely to Bel-
gium, other Western European countries, and to the United States. The
bulk of the blister copper, cobalt-copper alloy, zinc concentrates, and
germanium concentrates are shipped to Belgium for further refining.
The principal direct export to the United States is electrolytic cobalt. 31/
Neither the United States nor the Western European countries other
than Belgium would be affected significantly by a lack of supplies result-
ing from a cessation of production in Katanga, even if the plants were
down for several months. Commercial stocks of these products in the
United States and Belgium are adequate to cover any resulting decrease
in supplies for 3 or 4 months. Furthermore, within a few months the
copper production in other countries, notably the United States, Rhodesia,
Chile, and Canada, would be increased. On the other hand, the Belgian
copper refining and fabricating industries, which depend heavily on imports
from Katanga, would suffer some hardship. Although the production of
cobalt in other countries could not be increased sharply, the United States
possesses large surplus stocks that could be drawn upon in the event of a
prolonged shutdown. Also,US stockpiles could provide any necessary sup-
plies of cadmium, zinc, and copper. Little information is available regard-
ing germanium stocks, but in the event of a cessation of production in
Katanga, the needed supplies probably could be obtained from Southwest
Africa. 32/ Data on the US stockpiles of selected metals produced in
UMHK facilities are as follows 33/:
Metals
Copper
Cobalt
Cadmium
Zinc
Present
Present
Inventory
Excess
Maximum
(As of 30 Sep-
over Present
Objective
tember 1962)
Objective
000
000
1
1,136,000
136,000
,
,
9,500
48,482
38,982
3,250
8,595
5,345
178,000
1,581,000
1,403,000
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figure
LIMIIK Facilities in Katanga
CcnNNolc
Le MounnI
Centrale
Deleommune
Zme Smelter/
8
Zinc
Refiner
Tenke
012 71
d 16C)~_
Centrale
Franegw q
O O
26
Centrale
Bic
Copper
0 Smelter?.~',
Ehnobethvil le
-?- International Boundary
- ? - Provincial Boundary
0 Town
?-~~ Railroad
IN,, Concession Area Boundary
(Copper)
Miles
to 20 30 40
0 10 20 30 40
Kilometers
019 T Jade
2 o
2 Cobalt
9 /
peer- Copper cobalt Reline
CAMEROUN
ORIENTATION
MAP
Miles
0 t00 200
0 100 200
Kilometers
1'
CONGO / LEOPOLOVILLE
/1Lhoooldeille r` KASAI
GABON
Jodotville
???o El
J
Bukavu
KIVU
so both villa
'L..1
11 ApproVed or e eas 2
( Copper-
Zinc Deposit
OCOPPER-BASE DEPOSITS
1. Masungu
2. Kopulo
3. Mupine(')
4. Kmgomyambo(c)
5. Dikuluwe(c)
6. Komoto(c)
7. Musonoi-KolweoiM)
8. Sewe
9. Mindigi(c)
10. Mirungwe(c)
II. Fungorumele)
12. Kokanda
13. Kobdelo(c)
14. Tantaro
15. Kamaya
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16. Shangulowe
7. Kaxibixi
I8. Sesa
19. Shomituba(c)
20. Kambove(c)
21. KaIobi
22. Likosi
23. Shituru
24. Konsongwe
25. Luishia(r)
26. Tshandwe
27. Komwoli(5)
28. Prince Leopold (c)
29. Kiswishi
30. Lukuni
31. Luiswishi(c)
32. Ruoshi(r)
33. Star of the Congo
NOTE:(C) after a mina name indicates cobalt with copper.
(Z) alter a mine name indicates sine with copper.
34. Musoshi
35. Kipopila
36. Kinsendo
37. Kamikuba
SMELTERS
I. Kolwcei
2. Lubumbashi
REFINERIES
I- Kolwexi
t- Jodotville
3. Jodotville
HYDROELECTRIC
PLANTS
1. Centrale Le Marinel
2. Centrale Delcommune
3. Centrale Bia
4. Centrale Francqui
p I
casuals .1 aa55s1r1ufOMWM?""axs
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Figure 2
Power Plants and Transmission Lines in Katanga
z ~ erY
U"knrwcij ~`r""
%7/.: i~%KolweZI
Kapolowe
2
ukini /
33 Ruoshi
Elise ethville
sabethviIle
Mu icon
0 J7
CantroIn
Delcommunc
K p T
Tenke arume
01 /G
@
Y1
baler
ry
Cobalt Wine
Refinery
220 KV; the line is double-circuit
throughout its length
120 KV
50 KV
0 Hydro Powerplant
0 Thermal Powerplant
Substation
adotvi
rdot~ille
Centrale
Francgrsi
RrSncqui
O 2
Copper
Smeller
Mokambd
Kitwe
Cen,ralc
Le Mooncl
ORIENTATION
mil-
0 100 200
Tr
0 100 200
Kllomdcn
J
Bukovu
KIVU
EUUATEUR 1,
GABON 1 .i'- / y.rj
r?(J ~'
Leopoldville KASAI 1
Centrals:
Bia
International Boundary
? - Provincial Boundary
o Town
-s-)- Rail food
j/jj Concession Area Boundary
(Copper)
Miles
0 ,0 20 JO
0 10 20 30 uo
Kilometers
~r
OCOPPER-BASE DEPOSITS
1. Masungu
2. Kopulo
3. Mupine(e)
4. Kingamyombo(c)
5. Dlkuluwe(c)
6. Komoto(c)
7. Musonoi?Kolwezi(')
8. Ruwe
9. Mindigi(c)
10. Mirungwe(c)
11. Fungnrume(c)
12. Kakonda
13. Kobdela(s)
4. Tantaro
15. Komaya
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16. Shangulowe
I7. Ko:ibizr
18. Sesa
19. Shamituba(c)
20. Kambove(c)
21. Kolobi
22. Likasi
23. Shituru
24. Kansongwe
25. Luishio(c)
26. Tshondwe
27. Kamwali(c)
28. N -e Leopold(?)
29. Kiswishi
30. Lukuni
31. Luiswishi(c)
32. Ruoshi(c)
33. Star of the Congo
NOTE:(C) after a mine name indicates cobalt with copper.
(Z) oiler a mine name indicates zinc with copper.
34. Musoshi
35. Kipapila
36. Kinscndo
37. Komikuba
e SMELTERS
1. Kolwezi
2. Lubumbashi
REFINERIES
1 Kolwezi
i'? Jadotville
3. Jadotville
HYDROELECTRIC
PLANTS
1. Centrole Le Morinel
2. Centrole Delcommune
3. Centrale Bic
4. Centrale Froncqui
about I
Enclose, rigs Iuroesrco 0000ungOG
fee 0[ClganGrI0O _
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