WESTERN EUROPE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00865A001600170001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 16, 2005
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 22, 1975
• Content Type: NOTES

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Swedish Liberal Party Leader Resigns.
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Legacy of Colonial War Causes Friction
Between France and Algeria . . . . . . . . . 6
AFL-CIO Invites European Trade Unionists
to Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Turkey Refuses Office for the Palestinian
Liberation Organization . . . . . . . . . . . 12
West German and French Interior Ministers
To Discuss Joint Action Against
Terrorists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
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August 22, 1975
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Swedish Liberal Party Leader Resigns
The resignation of Liberal Party Chairman
Gunnar Helen has prompted speculation that the
party may modify its support of Prime Minister
Palme's government. Helen's resignation, publicly
ascribed to reasons of health but privately seen
as a result of his stagnating leadership, will
take effect in November.
Helen's leadership came under increasing
criticism as the Liberals' identity blurred
through a policy of collaboration with Palme's
government. The Liberals agreed to relinquish
their position as an opposition party and supported
Prime Minister Palme in 1974. The party reaped
no benefits from that support and has seen its
popular appeal dwindle. The Liberals were the
largest opposition party in the late 1960s, but
slipped under Helen's chairmanship to a poor
third.
Speculation concerning Helen's successor
centers on Per Ahlmark, an active 36-year old
party member whose strong opinions would inject
some life into the moribund Liberals. Regardless
of who succeeds Helen, there is likely to be
serious Liberal consideration of modifying the
policy of- collaboration, probably resulting in
a return to true opposition to Palme's government.
August 22, 1975
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Legacy of Colonial War Causes Friction Between
France and Algeria
)'resident Giscard's efforts to improve France's
relations with Algeria are being impeded by problems
left unresolved since the end of thr' bitter colonial
war in 1962. A group of Algerian refugees who remain
unassimilated after thirteen years in France have
recently kidnapped local officials _and occupied
administrative offices to focus national attention
on their twin grievances: continued isolation from
French society and alledged harassmi?nt by the Algerian
government.
When Algeria gained its independence in 1962,
the harkis--Algerians who had sided with the French--
became a prime target for the National Liberation
Front and according to French estimates 10,000 were
summarily executed. Some 200,000 f'Led to France
where they opted for French citizenship. Coming
mostly from remote areas in Algeria;, they have had
great difficulty in adapting to lif,? in France and
today about 7,000 harkis are still ;Living in refugee
camps that were established as temporary quarters
thirteen years ago. Living conditions in the camps
are primitive and most of the inhabitants are unem-
ployed. The harkis, moreover, consider the camps
a symbol of the French government's: failure to help
them assimilate completely into French society and
of their own dependence on welfare aid.
In May some 200 harkis occupied the adminis-
trative offices of their camp to protest the poor
conditions and in June four armed harkis held the
director of their camp captive in the city hall
of a nearby town. They.demanded that the "camps
of shame" be shut down and the "ref;agees" completely
integrated into the national community.
August 22, 1975
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A permanent commission presided over by
Minister of the Interior Poniatowski was established
in June and early this month the government adopted
its main recommendations:
--the camps will be closed before the end of
next year;
--special programs will be instituted to provide
vocational training and job placement for
the harkis;
--incentives will be provided for communities
to take in refugee families and the harkis
will be assured of housing.
Some of these measures will also apply to the 200,000
or so harkis outside of the camps, most of whom remain
poorly integrated into French society.
Other harki demands, however, will prove more
difficult for Paris to resolve. Earlier this month
harkis seized several Algerian migrant workers in
retaliation for the detention by Algerian authorities
of a harki boy returning to France after visiting
Algiers. When the boy was permitted to continue on
his way to France, the workers were released unharmed,
but the incident drew attention to a long-standing
friction in French-Algerian relations. Harkis
claim they cannot return to Algeria, even for short
visits, for fear of arrest because of their support
for France during the war. Furthermore, family
members who remained in Algeria after the war are
not allowed to join their relatives in France.
Giscard's warm welcome in Algeria last April
and the improvement in relations between Paris and
Algiers led the harkis to believe that, as French
citizens, they would now be free to come and go as
they pleased. The detention of the boy convinced
them that nothing has changed--in spite of Algerian
August 22, 1975
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protestations that it was simply a matter of the
boy's travel papers not being in order--and they
are determined to pressure the Frei-ch government
into supporting their cause.
Last Sunday a leader of the Algerian workers
community near Lyon was kidnapped lily harkis who
demanded that Paris open negotiations with Algiers
to establish free movement for ex-Algerians between
France and Algeria. The Algerian migrant official
was released on Monday after the French government
agreed to meet a harki delegation to discuss their
grievances. Militant harkis, however, have threat-
ened to kill four Algerians for evory member of
a harki family detained in Algeria after the end
of the month. Harkis claim that A'.geria is cur-
rently preventing another boy and at mother with six
children from returning to France sifter a visit.
France and Algeria need mutua_ support to
achieve their main economic and po.itical objectives.
Algeria is a key to France's ambit;:_on to become
the champion of the Third World--aid especially
of the Arab oil-producing states--_n the West,
while France remains Algeria's pririary trading
partner, the most likely source of.future foreign
investment, and an important safet'r valve for
reducing unemployment at home.
Both sides have demonstrated during the
past year a willingness to overcom! minor
obstacles and a sensitivity to potential problems.
The harkis are being taken serious , :.y, and an
official of the French foreign min. _stry told the
US embassy that Paris is determined to prevent
this issue from clouding French-Algerian relations.
He said the government, which has h_therto shown
great tolerance, will clamp down on kidnappings
and terrorist activity by the hark.s.
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Paris cannot afford to take the harki
problem lightly because it ties in with greater
issues involving 645,000 Algerian migrant workers
in France. Racial prejudice against the Algerians
is strong, especially in the south of France where
most of the nearly one million embittered pieds
noirs--settlers of European extraction who left
Algeria have relocated. Racial incidents were
the primary reason for Algeria's suspension of
emigration to France in 1973 and racial tension
remains a tinder box that could l ignited by
harkis killing Algerians.
August 22, 1975
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AFL-CIO Invites European Trade Unionists
to Washington
An AFL-CIO invitation to selEjcted European labor
leaders to meet in the US in late October is being
welcomed--but with apparent caution.
east month President Meany ir.vited the top offi-
cials of European democratic trade unions to stop
over in Washington after attendinc the International
Confederation of Free Trade Union: (ICFTU) congress in
Mexico City. Should all accept--which seems unlikely--
Lhe meeting would bring together the principal officer
of leading federations of West Germany, the UK, France,
Austria, Switzerland, Iceland, Ireland and all of the
Scandinavian and Benelux countries.
The gathering will afford an opportunity to dis-
cuss matters "related to the futu::-e course of the trade
union movement internationally." The AFL-CIO--and
Meany personally--has long sharply disagreed with the
viewpoint evident in certain European labor circles---
such as the British Trades Union Congress--that a
rapprochement with Soviet and Easi: European trade
union organizations is desirable and that contacts
should be encouraged. Six years ergo, this disagree-
ment lead to a serious confrontat.on in the relation-
ship between the American and European organizations
and the AFL-CIO subsequently withdrew its membership.
The invitation is probably v:,ewed by some Euro-
peans as a conciliatory gesture, and the European union
leaders with whom the US Embassy _n Paris is in touch
are pleased. Some of them, however, are concerned
about the sensitivity of the AFL-CCIO/ICFTU relation-
ship--presumably a reference to alleged US domination
of the organization in earlier years--and a number of
them are delaying a response unti the matter is
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discussed within ICFTU. An early opportunity
to do so would be at the Austrian trade union congress
in mid-September. An ICFTU representative was not
invited to the October gathering, but Secretary Gen-
eral Kersten told US officials this week that a meeting
has been scheduled between Meany and himself for early
September. He expects the ICFTU invitation will be
discussed then.
Kersten--speaking, of course, as an interested
party--said he is apprehensive that ICFTU affiliates
in developing countries might interpret a meeting be-
tween the Europeans and the AFL-CIO--coming right on
the heels of one with them in Mexico--as possible
collusion against their interests. He also mentioned
that although some Europeans want to maintain close
bilateral relations with the AFL-CIO, they want to
avoid a multilateral meeting which might be seen as a
weakening of ICFTU solidarity. 77 1 25X1
August 22, 1975
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Turkey Refuses Office for the Palestinian
Liberation Organization
Efforts to establish an office of the
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) in
Turkey appear to have failed. A PLO delegation
concluded its visit to Turkey on A :iqust 20th without
reaching an agreement with the Demirel government
for the opening of a PLO office in:Ankara. The
PLO recently established an office!in the Greek
Cypriot zone of Cyprus and had expressed an
interest in establishing a similar'branch in
Ankara.
The Turkish press speculated that Prime
Minister Demirel refused permissiorL on the grounds
that the PLO declined to open an office in the
Turkish zone of Cyprus. Farouk Qadldoumi, who
headed the PLO delegation, gave some weight to
this speculation when he stated during a press
conference that the PLO had alread, opened one
office in Cyprus "and that was enouLgh for the
country."
The official explanation giver. by the
Turkish Foreign Ministry was that the question
of a PLO office was not seriously discussed and
Turkey was not opposed to the opening of an
office "sometime."
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Augu;t 22, 1975
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West German and French Interior Ministers
To Discuss Joint Action Aaainst
Terrorists
West German Interior Minister Werner Maihofer
and his French counterpart, Michel Poniatowski,
meet today to discuss further meanE to combat terror-
ists.
Bonn believes that international cooperation is
necessary if its anti-terrorist canpaign is to be
effective. The West Germans have established con-
tacts with security officials in Switzerland, Italy,
Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Great
Britain, as well as with France. Maihofer has also
discussed anti-terrorism measures with Spanish offic-
ials. Bonn reportedly
will soon suggest that an EC Council of Ministers
discuss the general topic of cooperation in the field.
of anti-terrorism.
Among other topics, Maihofer and Poniatowski will
consider methods by which the countries can exchange
information concerning terrorist activities. Maihofer
reportedly will ask that this exchange become auto-
matic.
The two ministers presumably will discuss the
recent bombing attacks on French nuclear power plants.
A group that calls itself the "Komnando Ulrike Meinhof
and Puig Antich" claimed responsibility for one of the
attacks, and there is speculation that West German
terrorists are "practicing" in France for an attack
against a West German nuclear power facility. Their
ultimate objective is to free the Eaader-Meinhof group
now standing trial in Stuttgart.
August 22, 1975
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Secret
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