DDCI'S ARMED FORCES STAFF COLLEGE TALK 13 DECEMBER 1967

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00827A001100070001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 3, 2005
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 13, 1967
• Content Type: SPEECH

Approved. F% Release OO lid UN'- ~DP79T00
orea.ssem
ple,se return to
presentation Staff
DDCI's ARMED FORCES STAFF COLLEGE TALK
1 DECEMBER 1967
AS A GRADUATE OF THE FIRST AFSC CLASS OF 1947,
I AM VERY PLEASED TO HAVE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS
THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WITH YOU.
THE FACT THAT YOU ARE ATTENDING THE ARMED FORCES
STAFF COLLEGE IDENTIFIES YOU AS A SELECT GROUP OF MEN
ON THE WAY UP. I DON'T HAVE TO TELL YOU THAT THE
PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF OUR MILITARY COMMAND STRUC-
TURE AND THE NEEDS OF OUR GOVERNMENT PLACE INCREAS-
ING IMPORTANCE ON JOINT STAFF AND INTERAGENCY COM-
MITTEE WORK.
THUS, IN YOUR FUTURE ASSIGNMENTS, YOU MAY BE
WORKING WITH CIA, OR WITH OTHER PARTS OF THE INTEL-
LIGENCE COMMUNITY, OR WITH U.S. INTELLIGENCE ACTIV-
ITIES OVERSEAS. IT WOULD BE HELPFUL FOR YOU, THERE-
FORE, TO BE ACQUAINTED WITH THE FUNCTIONS AND ORGANIZA-
TION OF CIA, AND ITS COOPERATIVE EFFORTS WITH OTHER
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND THE MILITARY SERVICES TO
PRODUCE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE.
CIA IS NOW 20 YEARS OLD. THE PLACE CIA OCCUPIES
IN OUR NATIONAL SECURITY STRUCTURE AND THE ACTIVITIES
IT UNDERTAKES ARE WELL DEFINED. I UNDERSTAND THAT
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/( , a4jRDP79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved Fc, Release 200510'6' t 1' RDP79T00 A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
YOU HAVE RECEIVED AN EXTRACT OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY
ACT OF 1947 WHICH SETS OUT THE STATUTORY AUTHORIZA-
TION FOR THE FUNCTIONS CIA PERFORMS.
As I AM SURE YOU RECOGNIZE, THIS STATUTORY
AUTHORIZATION--LIKE MANY PUBLIC LAWS--IS SET FORTH
IN FAIRLY BROAD TERMS. HOWEVER, THE CONGRESS PRO-
VIDED FOR FURTHER DEFINITION AND REFINEMENT OF
CIA's FUNCTIONS. IT SPECIFICALLY DIRECTED CIA "TO
MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUN-
CIL FOR THE COORDINATION OF SUCH INTELLIGENCE AC-
TIVITIES OF THE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES OF THE GOV-
ERNMENT AS RELATE TO NATIONAL SECURITY." UPON RE-
CEIVING PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL, THESE RECOMMENDATIONS
ARE ISSUED IN A SERIES OF CLASSIFIED PAPERS CALLED
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVES.
THE NSCIDs ESTABLISH THE FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH THE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY FUNCTIONS, AND DISTRIBUTE
CERTAIN ASSIGNMENTS OF RESPONSIBILITY AMONG THE U.S.
INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES.
THE FIRST ONE, NSCID #1, ALSO PROVIDES FOR STILL
MORE PRECISE ALLOCATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES THROUGH
THE ISSUANCE OF DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DI-
RECTIVES. THESE NOW TOTAL MORE THAN 30. I COULD NOT
BEGIN TO ACQUAINT YOU WITH ALL THE DETAILS COVERED
-2-
No Forei n Dissem
Approved For Release 2005ffRDP79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved FA.Release 2ci05ICA DP79T008 A001100070001-8
No oJeign issem
BY THE NSCIDS AND DCIDs. BUT THE IMPORTANT POINT IS
THAT THEY REPRESENT A MEANS FOR CIA AND THE OTHER
INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES TO UPDATE AND ADJUST TO THE
CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES, NEEDS AND CHALLENGES FACING
THE U.S. INTELLIGENCE.
As I AM SURE EACH OF YOU KNOWS, OUR EXPERIENCE
AT PEARL HARBOR RESULTED IN THE DETERMINATION FOL-
LOWING WORLD WAR II TO ACHIEVE A COORDINATED NA-
TIONAL INTELLIGENCE EFFORT.
TO ENSURE ENOUGH COORDINATION SO THAT THERE
WILL BE NO IMPORTANT GAPS AND NO UNDESIRABLE DUPLI-
CATION, THE NATIONAL SECURITY ACT OF 1947 AND SUB-
SEQUENT PRESIDENTIAL INSTRUCTIONS GAVE THE DIRECTOR
OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE TWO PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITIES.
HE IS BY LAW THE HEAD OF THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
AGENCY AND, BY PRESIDENTIAL ORDER, THE CHIEF IN-
TELLIGENCE OFFICER OF THE GOVERNMENT. IN THESE
CAPACITIES, HE NOW ACTS AS PRINCIPAL INTELLIGENCE
ADVISOR TO THE PRESIDENT AND AS COORDINATOR OF ALL
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES RELATING TO THE NA-
TIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS OF THE UNITED STATES. THUS,
THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE IS THE HEAD OF
THE U.S. INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.
LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE COMPOSITION OF THE IN-
TELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.
-3-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/06?jt pP79T00827AO01100070001-8
 Approved FPAPelease 2005/06J 0~` I'A`- iP79T008QA001100070001-8
No oreign ssem
THE FIRST ELEMENT MOST PEOPLE THINK OF IN
THIS CONTEXT IS THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY.
SECOND, THERE IS THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY.
I UNDERSTAND YOU HAVE RECEIVED A PRESENTATION ON DIA,
SO YOU ARE ACQUAINTED WITH DIA'S FUNCTIONS, ITS OR-
GANIZATION AND POSITION WITHIN DOD, AND THE CUSTOMERS
IT SERVES.
THE INTELLIGENCE UNITS OF THE ARMY, NAVY, AND
AIR FORCE CONTINUE TO SUPPORT THE PARTICULAR MISSIONS
OF EACH ONE OF THE SERVICES. THE THREE SERVICE IN-
TELLIGENCE COMPONENTS ARE CLOSELY COORDINATED BY
THE DIRECTOR OF DIA.
IN THE STATE DEPARTMENT, THERE IS AN INTEL-
LIGENCE UNIT WHICH SERVES THE SECRETARY OF STATE
AND THE POLICY PLANNERS. IN A SENSE ALL OF OUR
DIPLOMATIC PERSONNEL ARE INTELLIGENCE GATHERERS. BUT
THERE IS ALSO A REQUIREMENT FOR MEN WHO APPLY THEM-
SELVES PROFESSIONALLY TO THE ANALYSIS OF THAT IN-
FORMATION TO DETERMINE ITS BEARING ON PRESENT AND FU-
TURE IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. FOREIGN POLICY.
THE INTELLIGENCE COMPONENT IN THE ATOMIC ENERGY
COMMISSION HAS A SPECIALIZED CHARTER DEVOTED TO THE
VITAL FIELD OF INTELLIGENCE ON NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOP-
MENTS.
-4-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/06/~,.(61W gP79T00827A001100070001-8
 SECRET
Approved F4Release 0Pi Op~OpgnCI6 ePT008 A001100070001-8
A PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY OF THE FEDERAL BUREAU
OF INVESTIGATION IS THE MAINTENANCE OF THE INTERNAL
SECURITY OF THE UNITED STATES, BUT YOU CAN EASILY
IMAGINE THE VITAL CONNECTION BETWEEN FOREIGN IN-
TELLIGENCE AND INTERNAL SECURITY. SO THE FBI, TOO,
IS A MEMBER OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. THE
FBI AND THE CIA WORK CLOSELY TOGETHER, BECAUSE
THEY ARE BOTH COMBATING AN INTERNATIONAL CONSPIRACY,
WHOSE OPERATIONS AND AGENTS MOVE BACK AND FORTH BE-
TWEEN THE U.S. AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
THESE THEN, EXCEPT FOR THE NSA WHICH IS IN A
UNIQUE CATEGORY, ARE THE INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS OF THE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY--CIA, STATE, DIA AND THE SERV-
ICE INTELLIGENCE COMPONENTS, AEC, AND FBI.
IN ORDER TO ROUND OUT THE PICTURE OF THE COM-
MUNITY, I MUST ADD A NUMBER OF WHAT WE CALL "SERV-
ICES OF COMMON CONCERN." IT MIGHT BE MORE ENLIGHT-
ENING TO CALL THEM NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ASSETS. THESE
ARE ACTIVITIES WHICH SERVE THE ENTIRE GOVERNMENT
RATHER THAN ANY PARTICULAR DEPARTMENT OR AGENCY.
THEY MAY BE MANAGED BY ONE AGENCY--THAT AGENCY MAY
EVEN PROVIDE MOST OF THE REQUIRED PERSONNEL AND EQUIP-
MENT--BUT THE ACTIVITIES ACTUALLY OPERATE DIRECTLY
FOR THE ENTIRE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.
-5-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005@E6RqRV=RD1P79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved F IRelease 00P/06708 RCI RDP79T00 A001100070001-8
o foreign issem
THE OLDEST AND LARGEST OF THESE IS THE NATIONAL
SECURITY AGENCY.
OTHER IMPORTANT NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ASSETS
ARE THE NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
AND THE BOARD OF NATIONAL ESTIMATES. AS THE CHART
SHOWS1 THESE ARE PART OF CIA AND I WILL DISCUSS
THEM WHEN I GET TO THE INTERNAL WORKINGS OF THE
AGENCY.
Now, ALL THE AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS WHICH
MAKE UP THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY ARE TIED TOGETHER,
FOR GUIDANCE PURPOSES, BY THE UNITED STATES INTEL-
LIGENCE BOARD, WHICH WE OFTEN REFER TO AS USIB.
-6-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/jRDP79T00827A001100070001-8
25X1
25X1 B
 Approved FooRelease 20051 WOR&ioi-RDP79T00S'A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
(CHART,USIB)
THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE, BY PRESIDENTIAL
DESIGNATION, IS THE CHAIRMAN OF USIB. THIS, BY THE WAY,
IS ONE PLACE WHERE THE DIRECTOR'S TWO JOBS--HIS "TWO HATS"--
ARE VERY CAREFULLY DIFFERENTIATED, WHEN HE CHAIRS THE U.S.
INTELLIGENCE BOARD,, HE IS THERE AS THE PRESIDENT'S PRINCI-
PAL INTELLIGENCE OFFICER, NOT AS THE HEAD OF CIA. USIB
PASSES ON THE AGREED, COORDINATED JUDGMENTS OF THE ENTIRE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY---WHAT WE CALL "NATIONAL INTELLI-
GENCE"--AND IT MIGHT HAMPER THIS FUNCTION IF THE DIRECTOR
WERE SIMULTANEOUSLY TO ACT AS CHAIRMAN AND TO ADVANCE THE
VIEWS OF THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. FOR THIS REASON,
CIA HAS SEPARATE REPRESENTATION ON THE BOARD IN THE PERSON
OF THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE,
THE OTHER PRINCIPALS ARE:
THE STATE DEPARTMENT DIRECTOR OF INTELLIGENCE
AND RESEARCH;
THE DIRECTOR OF THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY;
THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY;
THE ASSISTANT GENERAL MANAGER OF THE AEC; AND
THE ASSISTANT TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE FBI
SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIA, THE INTELLIGENCE CHIEFS
OF THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE ALSO ATTEND AND PARTICI-
PATE IN USIB, BUT AS OBSERVERS RATHER THAN AS OFFICIAL
MEMBERS. THEY RETAIN THE RIGHT AND, IN FACT, THE DUTY TO
-7-
Approved For Release 1'%
U6, 6Ti T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved FewRelease 2005LL0 I CIADP79T00 A001 100070001-8
NO oreign uissem
EXPRESS ANY DISSENT THEY MAY HAVE ON MATTERS UNDER DISCUSSION,
AND THIS IS A FUNCTION THEY DO NOT HESITATE TO PERFORM.
USIB MEETS REGULARLY ONCE A WEEK--SOMETIMES MORE
OFTEN. IT IS CONCERNED WITH A WIDE VARIETY OF MATTERS,
BUT I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT, IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE NSCID WHICH ESTABLISHED IT, USIB OPERATES AS AN
ADVISORY BODY TO THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE.
THE USIB HAS THREE PRINCIPAL FUNCTIONS.
FIRST OF ALL, IT SETS FORTH--AND PERIODICALLY REVIEWS--
THE NATIONAL PRIORITIES FOR THE GUIDANCE OF THE INTELLI-
GENCE COMMUNITY IN CHOOSING INTELLIGENCE TARGETS AND IN
ASSIGNING ASSETS TO COVER THESE TARGETS.
SECONDLY, THE USIB CONTINUOUSLY REVIEWS OUR FOREIGN
INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES TO DETERMINE WHETHER THEY ARE IN
ACCORD WITH THESE PRIORITIES, AND TO MAKE SURE THAT WE ARE
DOING EVERYTHING POSSIBLE TO CLOSE IMPORTANT GAPS, AND
TO AVOID UNNECESSARY DUPLICATION. PLEASE NOTE THAT I
HAVE MODIFIED THE WORD "DUPLICATION" EACH TIME I HAVE
USED IT. WHEN WE ARE TRYING TO GET HOLD OF THE OTHER
FELLOW'S SECRETS IN THE INTERESTS OF OUR NATIONAL SECU-
RITY, A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF DUPLICATION IS NOT ONLY DESIR-
ABLE, BUT EVEN MANDATORY FOR THE SAKE OF CONFIRMATION.
THIRD, THE USIB REVIEWS IN DRAFT FORM AND IN GREAT
DETAIL THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATES AND CERTAIN
OTHER REPORTS WHICH THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
-8-
No Forei n Dis em
Approved For Release 2005/0 %QAC igjDP 9T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved F-elease 2005/"TRDP79T00WA001100070001-8
No :Foreign Dissem
SUBMITS TO THE PRESIDENT AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY
COUNCIL.
As YOU SEE FROM THE CHART, USIB IS SUPPORTED BY A
NUMBER OF SPECIALIZED COMMITTEES WHICH FUNCTION IN SUB-
STANTIVE FIELDS--NUCLEAR ENERGY, MISSILE INTELLIGENCE,
ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE, ETC.
ROM THIS BRIEF SKETCH OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.
I HOPE YOU CAN PERCEIVE THE CLOSE WORKING RELATIONSHIPS
AMONG CIA, DIA, THE SERVICE INTELLIGENCE COMPONENTS, NSA
LET US NOW LOOK INWARDLY AT CIA.
THE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY CIA FALL INTO
THREE BROAD CATEGORIES:
COLLECTION OF INTELLIGENCE;
COVERT ACTION OPERATIONS; AND
PRODUCTION OF INTELLIGENCE
WE FIND IT CONVENIENT TO DIVIDE CIA's INTELLIGENCE
COLLECTION ACTIVITIES INTO THREE MAIN GROUPINGS THAT
REFLECT DIFFERENT MEANS OF ACQUISITION. THE FIRST IS
OVERT COLLECTION WHICH, AS THE NAME SUGGESTS, COVERS IN-
FORMATION SECURED BY OPEN OR NONCLANDESTINE MEANS. OVERT
-9-
25X1
Approved For Release i6b51
1i v ?CI~ 150 T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved Fq .Release ~o0IV~6 gn li RREZAT00 A001100070001-8
STATSPEC
COLLECTION INCLUDES THE MONITORING OF FOREIGN RADIOS,
SUCH AS RADIO Moscow, RADIO PEKING, AND THE VOICE OF THE
ARABS IN CAIRO. THIS IS DONE BY THE FOREIGN BROADCAST
INFORMATION SERVICE
25X1
25X1 C
As YOU ALL KNOW, CIA ALSO UNDERTAKES COVERT INTELLI-
25X1 C
GENCE COLLECTION
COVERT COLLECTION CAN BE
CATEGORIZED BY ITS PURPOSE. IN CIA, WE USE THE TERM
25X1 C
-10-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/0 C HDP79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved FawRelease 2005/0~08"gY RDP79TOO A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
ESPIONAGE TO REFER TO THE COLLECTION OF POSITIVE INTEL-
LIGENCE, OR SUBSTANTIVE INFORMATION REGARDING, SAY, A
POLITICAL MOVE, A CHANGE IN ORDER OF BATTLE OR THE
DETAILS OF A WEAPON SYSTEM. WE USE THE TERM
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE WHEN WE WORK TO FRUSTRATE HOSTILE INTEL-
LIGENCE COLLECTION AGAINST THE U.S. OR OUR ALLIES, OR TO
PROTECT OUR PERSONNEL AND OUR OPERATIONS FROM BEING
PENETRATED OR ROLLED UP BY THE ENEMY.
25X1 C
THE NEXT PRIMARY MISSION OF CIA IS COVERT ACTION,
THIS CONSISTS OF OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN
IN SUPPORT OF U.S. POLICY OBJECTIVES, WHERE THE SPONSOR-
SHIP OF THE U.S, GOVERNMENT IS HIDDEN. IN THE "COLD
WAR," WHICH PRE-DATES THE CIA, WE FACE AN ENEMY ADEPT
AT CONSPIRACY AND SUBVERSION, WITH WORLD-WIDE CLANDESTINE
ASSETS, SKILLED AGENTS, AND NO COMPUNCTION ABOUT UNDER-
MINING OR OVERTHROWING ANY GOVERNMENT WHICH RESISTS THE
SPREAD OF COMMUNISM.
-11-
Approved For Release 2/06A79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved F vRelease 2005/0(SM. PC DP79T00 'A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
25X1 C
OF THE BEST WEAPONS TO USE AGAINST ANOTHER SUBMARINE.
THERE ARE OCCASIONS WHEN IT IS IMPORTANT FOR THE
UNITED STATES TO COUNTER THESE COMMUNIST EFFORTS BY
COVERT ACTION OPERATIONS. THIS IS NOT NECESSARILY BE-
CAUSE THE UNITED STATES WOULD BE ASHAMED OF EITHER
ITS OBJECTIVES OR ITS METHODS. IT IS PRIMARILY BE-
CAUSE SOMETIMES ONLY CLANDESTINE METHODS CAN BEAT
CLANDESTINE METHODS--JUST AS A KILLER SUBMARINE IS ONE
-12-
Approved For Release 20WI0GVSef 0W0827A001100070001-8
SECRET
 Approved FawRelease 200 BIA-RDP79T00NOA001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
25X1 C
COVERT ACTION--WHETHER OF THE POLITICAL OR THE
PARAMILITARY TYPE--FALLS IN THE SHADOWY, TWILIGHT ZONE
OF GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS THAT CONGRESS HAD IN MIND WHEN
IT DIRECTED CIA TO PERFORM "SUCH OTHER SERVICES" AS
THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL MIGHT DIRECT. OUR
CRITICS WOULD HAVE YOU BELIEVE THAT EVER SINCE CONGRESS
GAVE THIS AUTHORITY IN 1947, CIA HAS DONE AS IT PLEASED,
WITHOUT REGARD TO OFFICIAL POLICIES OR OBJECTIVES
OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, AND SOMETIMES IN
DIAMETRIC OPPOSITION TO THOSE POLICIES. THE FACT IS
THAT WHENEVER THE CIA CARRIES OUT A COVERT ACTION OP-
ERATION OVERSEAS, IT IS WITH THE PRIOR APPROVAL OF A
SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL. THIS
COMMITTEE IS CHAIRED BY THE PRESIDENT'S SPECIAL ASSISTANT
FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS, REPRESENTING THE PRESI-
25X1
DENT.
25X1
Approved For ReleaseN051
-13-
6 511T00827AO01100070001-8
 Approved F elease 2005/00AcUAiRDP79T008S A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
WHEN THESE OPERATIONS ARE APPROVED IN ADVANCE
BY SENIOR REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PRESIDENT, THE SECRETARY
OF STATE, AND THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, IT IS OBVIOUS THAT
THEY ARE NOT GOING TO BE CONTRARY TO--OR OUTSIDE OF--
THE POLICY GUIDELINES ESTABLISHED BY THE UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT. IF THERE :[S ANY DIVISION OF OPINION AMONG
THEM, THE PRESIDENT PERSONALLY DECIDES.
THE THIRD PRIMARY MISSION OF CIA IS TO PRODUCE
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND TO PROVIDE FOR ITS DISSEMINA-
TION.
THIS SLIDE SHOWS SOME OF THE MORE IMPORTANT FINISHED
INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTS ISSUED BY CIA. THESE INCLUDE
BOTH INTELLIGENCE ANALYSES PREPARED SOLELY WITHIN CIA
AND OTHERS PRODUCED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE OTHER
WASHINGTON INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES.
THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATES ARE OF THE
LATTER TYPE. TO THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE NOT FAMILIAR
WITH THE NIEs, THEY ARE THE BLUE-COVERED PAPERS WHERE,
BY USING OUR PRESENT KNOWLEDGE OF A SITUATION AND
EXISTING DATA AS A BASE LINE, WE TRY TO LOOK INTO THE
FUTURE AND TO ESTIMATE W-IAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN IN
SOME PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR ON SOME PARTICULAR TOPIC.
-14-
Approved For Release B?5190r-e ~T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved Felease01Pe7T00A001100070001-8
MANY NIEs COVER FAIRLY STANDARD TOPICS SUCH
AS, "THE OUTLOOK IN COUNTRY A OR AREA B." HERE
WE LOOK AHEAD TWO OR THREE YEARS AND DEAL WITH
BROAD TRENDS AND EXPECTED LINES OF POLICY IN THE
COUNTRY OR AREA IN QUESTION,
ANOTHER GROUP OF NIES ARE MORE SPECIALIZED
PAPERS ON THE SOVIET MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT. THESE
ESTIMATES ARE BUILT ON A SOLID BASE OF EVIDENCE:
THEY GO INTO GREATER DETAIL AND LOOK FURTHER AHEAD--
USUALLY FIVE YEARS. THE PRINCIPAL ONES FOCUS ON
THE USSR's STRATEGIC ATTACKS FORCES, AIR DEFENSE
CAPABILITIES, AND GENERAL PURPOSE FORCES. THE
PRODUCTION OF THREE ANNUAL PAPERS ON THESE TOPICS
IS TIMED TO ASSIST IN THE PLANNING OF DEFENSE
FORCE LEVELS AND BUDGETS.
A THIRD TYPE IS THE SPECIAL NATIONAL INTELLI-
GENCE ESTIMATE, OR SNIE, WHICH IS COMPOSED OF A12
HOC PAPERS ON IMPORTANT QUESTIONS OF THE MOMENT,
SUCH AS THE EXPECTED REACTION TO SOME PROPOSED--BUT
AS YET UNAPPROVED--COURSE OF ACTION BY THE U.S.
AS A PURELY HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLE, A SNIE MIGHT
ASSESS THE REACTION IF THE U.S. WERE TO LAND MA-
RINES IN SOME CARIBBEAN COUNTRY, THE SNIE'S ARE
USUALLY REQUESTED BY SOME POLICY-MAKER. As
YOU CAN SEE, THE SNIEs GET INTO SOME PRETTY SENSI-
-15-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/0&MR1E-12DP79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved F "Release 20 W./ 06 WE E A=1 79TO0 A001100070001-8
oreign issem
ALL OF THE NATIONAL ESTIMATES ARE DRAFTED BY
THE OFFICE OF NATIONAL ESTIMATES WHICH IS PART OF
CIA, BUT THEY ARE TRULY NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTI-
MATES. THEY MUST THEREFORE, REFLECT THE CONSIDERED
JUDGMENT OF THE ENTIRE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. THIS
IS ENSURED THROUGH THE PARTICIPATION OF ALL AP-
PROPRIATE ELEMENT'S OF THE COMMUNITY, THROUGH CON-
TRIBUTION OF FACTS AND JUDGMENTS, IN THE REVISING
OF THE PAPERS IN DRAFT, AND REVIEW BY THE U.S. IN-
TELLIGENCE BOARD OF THE FINAL PRODUCT. THE OBJEC-
TIVE OF EACH ESTIMATE IS A CAREFUL AND THOUGHTFUL
SET OF JUDGMENTS WHICH WILL BE OF THE GREATEST POS-
SIBLE ASSISTANCE TO THE POLICYMAKER AND PLANNER.
THERE IS A RELATED SERIES OF PAPERS, CALLED
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE PLANNING PROJECTIONS, WHICH
ARE NOT VERY WELL. KNOWN. THESE PROJECTIONS ARE
WRITTEN BY CIA TOGETHER WITH DIA FOR THE USE OF
THE LONG-RANGE PLANNERS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE. IN THESE PROJECTIONS, THE ESTIMATORS ARE
CALLED UPON TO COME UP WITH HARD FIGURES ON JUST
HOW MANY NUCLEAR SUBMARINES OR MEDIUM-RANGE BOMBERS,
OR INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES, THE SOVIET
UNION IS EXPECTED TO HAVE IN, SAY 1976 OR 1978.
PROJECTIONS THIS FAR INTO THE FUTURE LEAVE THE CURRENT
BASE OF EVIDENCE FAR BEHIND AND ARE, IN EFFECT, OUT-
LINES OF DETAILED PLANS FOR THE SOVIET DEFENSE ESTABLISH-
-16-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/06/0ftF79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved Fc elease 200 WF E!A-RDP79T0082+A001100070001-8
No Foreign Di$sem
MENT SEVERAL YEARS BEFORE THE ACTUAL DECISIONS HAVE
BEEN MADE BY THE RUSSIANS. I MIGHT ADD THAT THESE
PROJECTIONS HAVE BEEN WELL RECEIVED.
THE NEXT CATEGORY OF FINISHED INTELLIGENCE IS
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE. MOST OF YOU ARE PROBABLY
FAMILIAR WITH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE. IT IS DESIGNED
NOT ONLY TO ALERT THE DECISION-MAKER TO AN INCIPIENT
CRISIS, BUT ALSO TO FILL IN ANY GAPS WHICH MAY HAVE
DEVELOPED-IN HIS BASIC AND ESTIMATIVE INTELLIGENCE
SINCE THE LATEST DOCUMENTS WERE COMMITTED TO PRINT.
CIA's CURRENT INTELLIGENCE IS DISSEMINATED IN DAILY
AND WEEKLY PUBLICATIONS, SPECIAL MEMORANDA, AND
SITUATION REPORTS ON CRISIS TOPICS.
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE HAS OFTEN BEEN COMPARED
TO A NEWSPAPER. I BELIEVE THERE IS ONE SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCE. CIA's CURRENT INTELLIGENCE IS PRODUCED
BY A GROUP OF ANALYSTS WHO ARE EXPERTS IN THEIR
FIELDS AND WHO HAVE ALL SOURCES OF INFORMATION OPEN
TO THEM, INCLUDING EXPERTS IN SPECIALIZED DISCIPLINES
SUCH AS ECONOMICS, FOREIGN TRADE, OR WEAPONS DEVELOP-
MENT,
ANOTHER TYPE OF :INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTION COMPRISES
THE RESEARCH STUDY, THESE STUDIES COVER A WIDE
VARIETY OF TOPICS--AN ANALYSIS OF THE VARIOUS SECTORS
OF THE SOVIET ECONOMY, THE OIL INDUSTRY IN LIBYA,
-17-
Approved For Relea 20D6 aA 9T00827A001100070001-8
SECRET
 7
Approved Felease01gnCipeT008001100070001-8
HE STUDIES ARE
OFTEN PRODUCED IN RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC REQUESTS
FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, THE SECRETARIES OF STATE AND
DEFENSE, OR THEIR SENIOR OFFICERS,
FINALLY, OUR PRODUCTION INCLUDES WHAT WE CALL
BASIC INTELLIGENCE. THIS IS A DURABLE TYPE OF BREAD-
AND-BUTTER FACT YOU FIND IN THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
SURVEY--THE RAILROAD SYSTEM, THE NUMBER OF PORTS,
THE POLICE MACHINERY, THE MILITARY FORCES OF A PAR-
TICULAR COUNTRY, AS THE NAME IMPLIES, THE NIS IS
THE RESULT OF A WIDE COLLABORATION OF DIFFERENT
PARTS OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.
THESE ACTIVITIES--INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION, COVERT
ACTION, AND INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTION--ARE CIA's BASIC MIS-
SIONS. WE ALSO PERFORM A NUMBER OF RELATED ACTIVI-
TIES IMPORTANT TO OTHER AGENCIES, AS WELL AS TO
THE CIA, BUT THESE ACTIVITIES ARE SUPPORTS TO OUR
BASIC MISSIONS. THEIR RELATIONSHIP WILL BECOME
CLEAR AS WE LOOK AT THE ORGANIZATION OF CIA.
CIA IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR PRINCIPAL GROUPINGS--
REFERRED TO AS DIRECTORATES--AND SEVERAL STAFF OR
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS, THE HEADS OF WHICH REPORT DIRECTLY
TO THE DIRECTOR. EXAMPLES OF THE LATTER ARE THE
INSPECTOR GENERAL, THE GENERAL COUNSEL AND THE OFFICE
OF NATIONAL ESTIMATES WHICH I REFERRED TO EARLIER.
-18-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 2005/RDP79T00827A001100070001-8
 Approved Felease 200?F&A-RDP79T008QPA001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
THE BOX ON THE UPPER RIGHT OF THIS CHART--NATIONAL
INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM EVALUATION--REPRESENTS A
SMALL STAFF WHICH ASSISTS THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE IN HIS DUTIES AS COORDINATOR OF U.S.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES.
NOW FOR THE DIRECTORATES. THE DDI, OR INTELLI
GENCE DIRECTORATE, IS THE PRINCIPAL PRODUCER OF SUB-
STANTIVE INTELLIGENCE.
THE NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER,
WHICH I REFERRED TO EARLIER, IS ADMINISTERED BY THE
INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE IN CLOSE COLLABORATION WITH
THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY AND IS JOINTLY STAFFED
BY THE TWO AGENCIES. AS THE NAME SUGGESTS, THE NPIC
EXAMINES FILMS IN DETAIL AND INTERPRETS WHAT IS TO
25X1
Approved For Releasy~01
fP M 9T00827A001100070001-8
25X1
 Approved F elease 2005/06/ (K;R 79T008'A001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
25X1 B
25X1
GENCE EFFORT.
I NEED ONLY MENTION THE DETECTION OF THE SOVIET
MEDIUM RANGE BALLISTIC MISSILES IN CUBA IN OCTOBER
1962. TO PROVE HOW ESSENTIAL NPIC IS TO OUR INTELLI-
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE AND COVERT ACTION OPERATIONS.
THE DDP IS ORGANIZED IN A SERIES OF AREA DIVISIONS.
SIMILAR TO THE STATE DEPARTMENT'S REGIONAL BUREAUS.
IT HAS STAFFS FOR SPECIALIZED MATTERS SUCH AS FOR-
EIGN INTELLIGENCE. COVERT ACT-ION AND COUNTERINTELLI-
GENCE. THE DIRECTORATE ALSO OPERATES OUR CLANDESTINE
THE NEXT DIRECTORATE IS THE DDP OR PLANS
DIRECTORATE WHICH IS ANOTHER WAY OF REFERRING TO
THE CIA's CLANDESTINE SERVICES, THEY CONDUCT ESPIONAGE.
UNITS ABROAD. WHICH WE CALL "STATIONS,"
ZU
Approved For Release 2005 O6ID6r$$OO827A001100070001-8
SECRET
25X1 B
25X1
 Approved Fcelease 2005/06/J?IR-P79T008W4001100070001-8
No Foreign Dissem
THE DIRECTORATE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.
AS THE NAME SUGGESTS, CONCENTRATES ON THE SCIENTIFIC
AND TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF OUR INTELLIGENCE ACTIVI-
TIES, INCLUDING R&D FOR TECHNICAL COLLECTION OPERA-
TIONS AND THE PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANTIVE INTELLI-
GENCE ON THE S&T CAPABILITIES OF FOREIGN NATIONS.
THIS DIRECTORATE ALSO HOUSES OUR CENTRAL ELECTRONIC
COMPUTER CENTER.
THERE ARE A FEW S&T ACTIVITIES WHICH ARE LOCATED
OUTSIDE THE DDS&T. FOR EXAMPLE, THE NPIC HANDLES
ITS OWN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR PHOTO IN-
TERPRETATION EQUIPMENT. HOWEVER, THE DDS&T
CONSOLIDATES AND PASSES MUSTER ON ALL R&D PROGRAMS
WITHIN THE AGENCY,
THE FOURTH DIRECTORATE IS THE SUPPORT DIRECTORATE,
WHICH EMBRACES THE SUPPORT SERVICES, SUCH AS
SECURITY, COMMUNICATIONS, TRAINING, PERSONNEL, FI-
NANCE, LOGISTICS, PRINTING AND THE HOUSEKEEPING FUNC-
TIONS.
I DISCUSSED EARLIER CIA'S EXTENSIVE COLLABORA-
TION IN THE INTELLIGENCE FIELD WITH DIA AND THE
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE COMPONENTS, THROUGH THE U.S.
INTELLIGENCE BOARD AND ITS MACHINERY, AND THROUGH
-21-
Approved For Release 2d& I09 9 A- 0827A001100070001-8
SECRET
 Approved Fdl"eleae 2"% 0 oreign issem
THE DIRECTOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR COORDINATION
OF FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES.
ANOTHER AREA OF COLLABORATION IS CIA's ROLE
IN SUPPORT OF MILITARY OPERATIONS.
IN PREPARING FOR SITUATIONS OF GENERAL WAR.
THE AGENCY REGULARLY PARTICIPATES IN MILITARY EXER-
CISES.
-22-
25X1
25X1A
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 200,q/ /t A-RDP79T00827A001100070001-8
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/06/08 : CIA-RDP79T00827AO01100070001-8
Next 6 Page(s) In Document Exempt
Approved For Release 2005/06/08 : CIA-RDP79T00827AO01100070001-8
 Approved F 1 ele e 2.Q~ /a kA-RDP79T00$ A001100070001-8
0 oreign issem
25X1 C
GENTLEMEN, I COULD GO ON FOR A LONG WHILE
GIVING YOU EXAMPLES OF COOPERATION BETWEEN CIA AND
THE MILITARY SERVICES. TIME DOES NOT PERMIT. HOW-
EVER, I HOPE THAT MY DISCUSSION OF CIA's WORK AND
ITS COLLABORATION WITH THE MILITARY SERVICES WILL
BE HELPFUL SHOULD A FUTURE ASSIGNMENT BRING YOU INTO
CONTACT WITH THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY.
-30-
No Foreign Dissem
Approved For Release 200,~.tiKJ~1 _-RDP79T00827A001100070001-8