CANADA - A WEAKENING ALLY?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 2, 2005
• Sequence Number: 17
• Publication Date: February 11, 1963
• Content Type: MAGAZINE

Approved For Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7
U. S. News g World Report
"Gap" in North American Defenses
CANADA
Now it's Canada that is worry-
ing U. S. defense planners.
Reason: Nuclear warheads es-
sential to Hemisphere defense are
not in place. Result: Charges of
foot dragging in Ottawa, sharp
words in Washington-and a
Government crisis for Canada.
OTTAWA
On both sides of the border, Canada's
value as a defense partner of the U. S.
now is being seriously questioned.
The persistent unwillingness of Prime
Minister John G. Diefenbaker to equip
Canadian forces with nuclear arms has
put a severe strain on relations between
the North American allies.
The extent of this strain was made
clear on January 30, when the U. S.
coldly told Canada that nuclear weapons
are essential to joint U. S.-Canadian de-
fense of this continent.
The "bombshell." The U. S. state-
ment said that Canada, in recent secret
negotiations, has failed to propose any
workable plan for arming its forces with
U. S. nuclear warheads to counter Rus-
sia's atomic-bomber squadrons.
Here in Ottawa, the U. S. statement
ignited a battle in Parliament that shook
the Diefenbaker Government. The Prime
Minister himself accused the U. S. of an
"unwarranted intrusion" in Canadian
affairs.
One opposition leader-Robert Thomp-
son, head of the Social Credit Party-
declared:
"Once again, the United States has
had to state Canadian policy for Can-
ada. It is regrettable that indecision of
the Prime Minister has forced the United
States, obviously in self-defense, to
interfere in what should be strictly a
Canadian matter."
Military men in both Canada and the
U. S. say that the nuclear-weapons "gap"
in Canada has dangerously weakened
not only the continent's defenses, but
also the North Atlantic Treaty Organi-
zation's defense position in Europe.
The promise. It was four years ago
that Mr. Diefenbaker promised the U. S.
that Canada would acquire the nuclear
punch the U. S. offered to provide.
The unkept promise has brought sharp
attacks on the Diefenbaker Government.
Critics assert that, without nuclear
A WEAKENING ALLY?
weapons, Canada's antiaircraft missiles
and warplanes are useless.
Said the influential "Financial Post"
of Toronto, for example:
"Canada's allies regard us as a wash-
out and our policies as a bust-militari-
ly, diplomatically and economically."
Other critics-including some Cana-
dian military experts-accuse the Gov-
ernment of going back on its word,
breaking faith with allies, making Cana-
da's defenses ineffective if not impo-
tent.
A former chief of the Canadian Air
Force staff charged recently: "We are.no
longer meeting our obligations. We are
not equipped for immediate action. We
have permitted a gap to appear in the
defenses of North America.
"Now, as result of the halfway meas-
ures we have taken, our portion of the
defense partnership is falling apart."
Chided by Norstad. The issue, sim-
mering for years, boiled over early in
January when Gen. Lauris Norstad, re-
tiring from command of NATO forces in
Europe, reproved Canada for not hav-
ing lived up to an agreement to arm
Canadian NATO units with nuclear
weapons.
The agreement dates back to Febru-
ary, 1959, when Prime Minister Diefen-
baker announced that Canada would,
with U. S. help, acquire from the U. S.
the military hardware needed for a nu-
clear deterrent.
The agreement has never been re-
nounced, but there has been one delay
after another, chiefly over the question of
custody and control of nuclear arms. Mr.
Diefenbaker, unwilling to accept a sys-
tem of joint control, such as that between
the U. S. and Britain, has nevertheless
insisted that nuclear warheads could be
made available to Canadian forces on a
few hours' notice if the need arose.
The Cuban crisis last October threw
a spotlight on Canadian defense defi-
ciencies. Fifty-six BOMARC-B missiles
-provided by the U. S. and in position
at two Canadian bases built mainly with
U. S. money-were useless without nu-
clear warheads. And the Royal Canadian
Air Force's 64 Voodoo jet interceptors,
which lacked nuclear tips for their Fal-
con rockets, were more of a liability
than an asset, it was argued.
During Cuban Crisis-. At the height
of the Cuban crisis, the Canadian Gov-
ernment reportedly refused to permit
U. S. Air Force fighters permanently sta-
tioned at two Canadian bases to be out-
fitted with nuclear arms, and to allow
nuclear-armed U. S. squadrons to move
into position at Canadian bases.
The current defense muddle is rooted
in this dilemma that divided the Cana-
dian Cabinet: how to reconcile the
Canadian pursuit of world disarmament
with the need for protecting Canada un-
til disarmament is achieved.
Canada's defense dilemma may be
resolved by a general election later
this year. Meanwhile, however, Cana-
dians are finding the nuclear-arms issue
confused, contradictory and disturbing.
-RCAF Photos
Canada's Voodoo jets also lack nu-
clear arms. Critics say they're
more of a liability than an asset.
U.S. NEWS & WORLD REXORT for Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7
A Bomarc antiaircraft missile. Canada has
56 Bomarcs, all of them deemed useless
because they don't have nuclear warheads.
 gppr ved For R lea e 2 05/06/0!1,-:: -ciA-RDP79T00429AQU04
U. S. News g World Report
7J
WHY SOVIETS ARE RUSHING
A MILITARY BUILDUP IN CUBA
It's more than just Cuba that Khrushchev is after. The Russian dictator-still pour-
ing in Soviet troops and weapons-is building up Fidel Castro's island as a military
base for Communist expansion throughout all of Latin America.
Reported from
GUANTANAMO BAY, Cuba,
and MIAMI, Fla.
Cuba, once again, is growing into a
military menace. Soviet arms shipments
are continuing to arrive in that Red-
ruled island. So are Soviet troops.
Evidence of that Soviet buildup in
Cuba has been accumulating for weeks.
Now it is clear: Nikita. Khrushchev is
turning Cuba into a Soviet military base
of impressive proportions.
At least 18,700-possibly 35,000 or
more--Soviet troops are in Cuba. They
are armed with Russian-made missiles,
planes, tanks, submarines and guns.
What is Khrushchev up to? Why
the Communist boss
building such a huge mil-
itary base in Fidel Castro's
Cuba?
As the evidence grows,
these Khrushchev aims''.
are becoming clear:
1. Russian troops
Cuba are, first of all, an
"occupation force." They
serve to keep the Cubans
-and Castro-in line.
They protect Cuba's Com-
munist regime against re-
volt from within.
2. Russian military
power also serves to pro-
tect Cuba against invasion
from without. If the Unit-
ed States should invade
Cuba now, it would be
fighting against Soviet
troops. President Kenne-
dy, having missed two op-
portunities to get Commu-
nism out of Cuba, now
finds himself facing the
possibility of a major war
if he should try again.
3. Khrushchev is build-
ing in Cuba a base for
Communist expansion
throughout the Western
Hemisphere. From Cuba, with hoards
of weapons and hordes of trained
fighters, he can carry revolution and
subversion into one Latin-American
country after another.
Behind this size-up of Soviet activities
and aims in Cuba is a mounting mass
of new information. From inside Cuba
came such reports as these:
? On January 25, a large Soviet ship
loaded with military equipment docked
in Havana's harbor.
? That same day, 1,500 Russians in
military uniforms arrived by ship at an-
other Cuban port.
Officially, the Kennedy Administra-
tion is cautious in assessing the signifi-
cance of such reports. On January 31,
the Defense Department confirmed that
two large Soviet ships arrived in Cuba
but said: "There is no evidence that
either carried offensive weapons."
Defense Secretary Robert McNamara
said: "Since removal of the missiles,
our coverage has not revealed the exist-
ence of strategic weapons systems in
Cuba."
Cuban exile leaders, however, chal-
lenge the claim that all of Khrushchev's
offensive missiles have been removed.
On the basis of underground intelli-
gence reports from inside Cuba, these
exile leaders say that 44 medium and
intermediate-range missiles still remain
in Cuba, hidden in caves.
The picture of Cuba that these under-
O ITARY STRENGTH ICI CUBA
M f S l w ng figures on Soviet r Vred str~ th
kt f r et, r arts c err ~s
ro nd organizations working rnzlde:Cubcn
' a V t Fast 700 Russi perhaps
. m e five oviet gea rs, s.....
an e missiles ~ re o te? st in
v s nan d b Russians In ad
U are ground to urr of ound o-sea
u J~~ ar caahe o
~e warheads
~~= 4 hters i ve ounte t
~ ~ rt carry nuclear combs auto ~ c i
r ~ ra r por planes, 8 S iet e
Fl o jet l om ers are know to remain in cuha,
covet submarines pare
man . , y.f u ans, operate from t.least four ne v
, includiir ~e ' i h launchers
001 c 3;b b R'k+ OKs 4. `~
~~ ~ - r .~ 200 axe it ra t
ground reports paint is
one of an island that al-
ready has become a huge
and well-stocked military
base.
Set out in the chart on
this page is the under-
ground's count of Soviet
weapons and troops in
Cuba. This count, the un-
derground leaders main-
tain, is "conservative."
Russians are not the
only foreign troops in
Cuba.
There is in Cuba an or-
ganization called the "In-
ternational Brigade." Its
members are mostly Latin
Americans brought into
Cuba for training in sabo-
tage and guerrilla war-
fare. Their trainers are
Russians, Czechs, Red
Chinese and Spanish "Re-
publicans" who fought in
Spain's Civil War.
Men of the Internation-
al Brigade are known as
"special mission" forces.
Their "special mission" is
to go back to their home
countries in Latin Amer-
42 Approved Fc . ~ r r `, CIA 79 009A 00010017-7
 U. S. News & WorlAppid For R
ica and spread revolution, start wars of
"national liberation."
The Communist idea is to avoid using
Cubans to invade other nations in the
Western Hemisphere because that would
almost certainly bring retaliation by the
U.S. and Organization of American States.
An underground report on the Com-
mmuust organization for subversion in
Latin America has been given to "U.S.
News & World Report" by Manuel A. de
Varoua, a member of the Cuban Revo-
lutionary. Council. That report says:
"There is a Revolutionarv Command
for Latin America in charge of directing
military action throughout the continent.
This command is international in char-
acter and was created in Havana, in
19:79, tinder the personal supervision of
Soviet Col. Jaroslav Volenkesky, Chi-
nese Lin Chiao Yen and the Spanish
General Alberto Bayo. Che Guevara la top
Castro aidel and Raul Castro l Videl's
hrotherl belong to this command.
"Its mission is to prepare armed action
in the Caribbean area, with ramifica-
tions in all parts of the continent. This
action is not planned for invasion Iron
abroad, but for what the Cot ta to mists
call `national-liberation wa's,' which con-
sist of invading from within with a strong
decisive support from abroad."
The International Brigade, according
to this report, "operates under the direc-
tion of the Revolutionary Command."
In addition to its training bases in
Cuba, the Brigade is said to have opera-
tion bases--with guerrilla groups and
stores of awns--in Mexico, Guatemala,
Honduras, Costa Rica and Venezuela.
Stirrers of trouble. Numerous acts
of troublemaking and sabotage in 10
I atiu-American countries are attributed
to this international outfit. So is a plot
to blow up installations in New York City
which was uncovered last November.
With all these troops and weapons in
Cuba, the Soviet Union now is engaged
in a vast building program there. Mili-
tary harracks are going up.. Radio trans-
mitters and military telephone lines are
being installed.
Biggest Russian troop concentration is
reported near the town of Remedios, in
Las Villas Province. There work is being
rushed at top speed. Remedios recently
ran short of water because the military
construction was using up its supply.
Directing the show for the Russians,
according to underground intelligence,
are five Soviet generals.
head man is identified as Gen. C. O.
Slazcnkrl. He has set up headquarters on
the top three floors of a 20-story build-
ing in Havana.
Now, only three nontlus alter most
Americans thought Khrnshchcv had
agreed to pull out of (:nba, this is plain:
The Russians are digging in to stay.
U. S. NEWS & WORLD REApproved IIor Rel
ase rO5/Q6/O56C 61i' R Q~400010017-7
O-M iris
LATEST FACTS ON
RUSSIA'S CUBAN BASE
From the outset, Senator Keating of New York has called the
shots on the Soviet buildup in Cuba. In this exclusive interview
with members of the staff of "U. S. News & World Report" he
details the new power of Khrushchev's base off U. S. shores.
Q Senator Keating, is the Soviet Union continuing to build up its military
strength inside Cuba?
A Yes. There has been a constant military buildup since July I of last
year. Now, there had been a buildup before that, but its intensity increased
starting last July, and the buildup is continuing.
Q President Kennedy, in his news conference on January 24, said, "The
best information we have is that one ship has ar-
rived since the October crisis, which may have arms
on it." Do you know of any other ships that have
arrived in Cuba recently carrying Soviet military
equipment?
A There has been other military equipment that
has come into Cuba since October.
Interestingly enough, on January 25, the very
next day after the President's stateinei,it, a second
large Soviet vessel arrived in Cuba carrying arma-
ments.
Significantly, I might add, it followed the same
route taken by the ships that carried what they call
"heavy stuff" into Cuba last summer-befharc the
rnissile crisis of October. That route is one that was
very probably chosen with some care.
Q What is the significance of that route?
A Well, the route is generally known to our in-
.telligence experts as a "high security" route. It
includes areas where we are least able to check up
satisfactorily on the ships' cargoes, and uses docking facilities it] Cuba which
are completely closed off to outsiders clay and night. This is the same route
and same kind of treatment that was given to the ships last autumn that
carried in the first medium-range missiles.
Certainly we should have known that the very day after the President's
statement a second ship bearing armaments was arriving. I hope we don't
Copyright ?0 1963, U. S. News & World Report, Inc.
RUSSIAN SHIP unloads a military-type truck in Havana during week of
January 20. Other ships, says Senator Keating, have brought arms to Cuba.
-Wide World Photo
 Approved For Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7
U. S. News i; World Report
. . "Russian troops and technicians in Cuba are digging in"
derive our intelligence solely from the fact that a ship has
arrived. We should know what is coming on ships.
Q This second ship-did its cargo consist primarily of
weapons?
A That is my understanding. I won't say there wasn't
anything else on it, but it was primarily arms.
Q Do you know whether this information that you have
about the arms buildup in Cuba is available also to the Ken-
nedy Administration?
A I don't know what goes on within the executive branch.
All of the information which I have either comes from official
sources or has been confirmed by official sources. It is not,
as some have tried to assert, based on refugee reports o it
is"known to officials in Government, but I do not make the
assertion that it is known to the President.
0 That first arms ship-the one mentioned by the Presi-
dent-when did it arrive?
A It arrived on the seventeenth of January, and the second
ship arrived on the 25th. Now, I think that, when two ships
bearing arms come into Cuba within 10 days, that is a very
serious situation.
"THREAT TO SECURITY"-
Q If this buildup continues, would you consider it a di-
rect threat to the United States?
A It is a threat to the security of the Western Hemisphere
and to the lives and liberty not only of the Cubans but of
other Latin-American peoples with which we have treaty
obligations.
So, indirectly at least, it is a threat to the lives and liberties
of our own American citizens.
Q How much do the Soviets have in Cuba now in the
way of military weapons and troops?
' A In giving you an estimate, I am going to assume that
"the long-range and medium-range Soviet missiles and the
;Soviet bombers that were discovered there last autumn are
know out of Cuba.
Q Is there proof that all of those missiles and bombers
lave been removed?
e only way to prove that is by an on-site inspection. You
n't prove that by taking pictures of a ship at sea.
But, in what I'm about to say, I'm going to assume that
those missiles and bombers are out of there, as we've been
told they are.
Even if they are out, when you take it soldier for soldier,
MIG fighter plane for MIG fighter plane, torpedo boat for
torpedo boat, tank for tank, gun for gun and weapon for
weapon, the strength of the Russian military base in Cuba
now is 10 times greater than it was on July 1 of last summer.
And that's a conservative statement.
Q Is it also greater than it was last October?
A With the exception of the bombers and ground-to-
round missiles, yes, it is. More material has come in. In
ddition to that, the Russian troops and technicians and
other Russian personnel in Cuba are digging in.
There is incontrovertible evidence that they are building
a base there. They are building barracks, making it a per-
manent installation. They are continuing to maintain
medium-range-missile sites. And they've been working at
these activities in some parts of Cuba around the clock.
This gives rise to the very real possibility that the Rus-
sians hope to return heavy missiles to Cuba, or-even more
ominous-that they may have missiles left on the island and
need only to wheel them out of caves.
Q How many Russians are there in Cuba now, according
to your information?
A Twenty thousand or more.
Q How many of those are combat troops?
A I am not able to give you precise figures, but I think
that 6,000 to 8,000 would not be excessive. There are com-
bat troops in considerable number.
Q In what kinds of units are those combat troops organ-
ized?
A There are some' Russians manning antiaircraft guns,
many manning antiaircraft missiles. There are Russian in-
fantry units. And there is a sizable combat group of Soviet
Air Force personnel in Cuba.
Q Are there Russian pilots in Cuba?
A Yes. The MIG fighter planes are mostly piloted by Rus-
sians.
Q Are more Russian troops still pouring into Cuba?
A I have no evidence that there have been additional
troops sent in since October, but there may well have been.
I was-really, I'll be very frank with you-I was surprised
at the President's statement about the number of Russians
who were in Cuba last October. He said in his January 24
news conference that there are now 16,000 to 17,000 Russian
soldiers and technicians in Cuba and that about 4,500 have
been withdrawn since October.
That would mean that there were between 20,000 and
22,000 Russian soldiers and technicians in Cuba last October.
And this is the first public utterance by a Government official
to that effect.
Last October I was contending that there were around
12,000 to 15,000 Russians in Cuba and the answer put out by
official sources then was that my figure was too high. They
said then that the figure was no more than 8,000 to 12,000.
So the Administration now is doubling its own previous
estimate of the Russian forces that were in Cuba last October.
Q Besides the combat troops, what other types of Rus-
sians are in Cuba?
A There are technicians, what we would call Signal Corps
people, labor battalions, technical people, officers training
Cubans, military advisers and so forth.
0 What other foreign Communists, besides Russians, are
there in Cuba?
A There have been Chinese Communists. I've known of
some Czechs, quite a few East Germans, and there are some
African personnel. I don't know the nationality of all of them.
Q Do you have any evidence that any Soviet missiles or
bombers remain in Cuba today?
A No. I have no evidence that there are-or that there
aren't-and I don't believe there is any way of finding that
out except to go there and look.
ARMS CASTRO IS GETTING-
Q What kinds of weapons are coming into Cuba now?
A I don't have a detailed analysis of what weapons were
on these recent ships. But I can tell you what some of the
weapons there now are. There are tanks, guns, ammunition,
missile launchers-
Q Missile launchers? For what kinds of missiles?
A For antiaircraft missiles. There are also military vehicles,
amphibious vehicles and torpedo boats. These torpedo boats,
as well as the MIG planes that are in Cuba, are capable of
carrying nuclear weapons.
Q Is there any evidence of nuclear weapons in Cuba?
A I have no firm, official evidence that there are nuclear
weapons in Cuba at the moment, but there are an increasing
Approved For Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A0db d 'fdb'?R'1? REPORT, Feb. 11, 1963
 HAVANA NEWSPAPER "REVOLUCION" published this picture of a Soviet missile in Cuba on January 3. Cap-
tion describes it as "the most modern antiaircraft arm in existence, capable of knocking down any enemy."
number of allegations that nuclear weapons are there. Again,
I don't think there is any reliable evidence that there aren't.
Q How many MIG fighters are there in Cuba?
A There are more than 150 MIC fighters there. I believe
I know the. number, but I think, for certain reasons, that it is
not in the national interest for me to talk about the exact
number at this time.
Q Are those MIG's capable of carrying nuclear weapons?
A Yes. Now, let me make it clear that they would carry
smaller nuclear weapons than the bombers would carry.
Q What is the range of the MIG's? How far into the
United States could they penetrate?
A They could reach many Southern cities of the U. S. and
many areas of the Caribbean. As to their exact range, I
think there's some difference of opinion on that. But certainly
they have the capability of traveling at least 400 miles from
their base and returning, or 800 miles on a one-way trip.
Q How would you classify these weapons that Russia is
sending into Cuba? Are they defensive or offensive?
A I think that's a misleading distinction to make. A tank or
a MIG fighter or a gun has both offensive and defensive
capabilities. It's a little hard to view torpedo boats or am-
phibious vehicles as defensive weapons. They seem to have
more of an offensive than a defensive character. But perhaps
it would be fair to say that antiaircraft guns and ammunition,
on the other hand, have greater defensive than offensive
connotation.
'['his whole question of offensive or defensive weapons
depends on what you think is the intention of the one who is
in control of those weapons. It's almost entirely dependent
on that subjective judgment, and 1 just do not accept this dis-
tinction between offensive and defensive weapons.
I think that weapons of this general character, increasing
in number over a period of six or seven months, and the
presence of 20,000 or more soldiers of a foreign nation in
Cuba pose a serious threat to us, whether you call those
weapons offensive or defensive.
.Q Why, do you think, are the Russians keeping such a
large military force in Cuba?
A 1 is pretty hard to read the mind of a Communist, but I
would think there are a number of reasons.
One reason is this: We know that they want to extend
their influence to other Latin-American countries and to
build Cuba as a base for that extension. The evidence of
that is manifold.
Secondly, there is a Soviet desire to build a tight police
state so as to keep Castro--or some other puppet-in power
and to keep the Cuban people under Communist subjuga-
tion. They know there is increasing opposition to the Com-
munist regime in Cuba, and, therefore, they need it strong
force to keep the populace down. I think this Soviet force
now in Cuba is greater than they would need for that pur-
pose, but that is one purpose.
A third purpose of the Soviets is to use the existence of
their force in Cuba as a strong bargaining weapon ill ally
negotiations which might take place with the free world.
They want to be able to say to us, "Don't forget-at all times,
there is a well-equipped, strong Russian military base 100
miles from your shores."
Q Do you mean the Russians intend to use this military
buildup in Cuba as a threat?
A I think that is one of the three purposes as I have out-
lined them. There may be other reasons.
In my judgment, the long-term aim of the Soviet buildup
in Cuba probably is to insure that Cuba cannot be liberated
by conventional weapons alone. Unless we stop it now, the
day will come when we will publicly either have to accept
the permanent existence of a Soviet Cuba, exporting aggres-
sion as it chooses throughout Latin America, or deliberately
choose to use nuclear weapons in this Hemisphere, thus
handing the Soviets a permanent propaganda advantage.
Here, however, I want to disavow any fear of an imme-
diate invasion of the United States from Cuba. Sometimes
those of us who have urged a strong policy in Cuba are con-
fronted by critics who try to make us look ridiculous by asking
us, "Are you afraid that little Cuba is going to invade the
United States?"
Well, in the first place, it isn't "little Cuba"-it's Soviet
Russia. But I want to make it plain that I do not believe that
there's an imminent danger of an invasion of the United
States or an attack directly upon the United States from Cuba.
I do believe that, if we let the present buildup continue,
Castro and the Soviets arc going to get steadily holder ill
their forays into Latin America. Subversion, sabotage, bomb-
ings, terrorism will increase.
And sooner or later we will have to decide to put an end
to it or see the Communists take over South America.
The longer this decision is postponed, the more difficult it
will be to execute. That's why the present buildup can only
be viewed with the deepest concern.
U. NEWS & WORLD FFFd d'F1f Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7 45
 Approved For Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A000400010017-7
U. S. News 6 World Report
A NEW "SEA OF TROUBLE"
IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Sukarno of Indonesia is a
"man in a hurry." He wants
Dutch New Guinea delivered
now, also wants British Borneo.
There may be war over Borneo.
Britain, Malaya, Philippines,
even the U. S. are disturbed by
Sukarno's appetite for empire.
SINGAPORE
Just ntosrths after squeezing the I)utch
ort of V'Vest New Uainea, Sukarno of Itt-
donesia is nwving toward war again.
This time Indonesia's strong trait is
out to get the tines British-protected
CELES
Sukarno of Indonesia won West New Guinea from the
Dutch, expects to take Portugal's half of Timor when he
wants it, but finds hot competition for Britain's real estate
on Borneo. Malaya's Prime Minister Rahman plans to
territories of Borneo Island-Sarawak,
Brnrci and North Borneo.
Sokarno's immediate aunt is to expand
his island empire, already the filth most
popolons nation in the world. But So-
k;11'110 also is well on his way to upsetting
the balance of power in Southeast Asia.
This change, ii Sukarno can pith] it off.
%sill be a major tritnnplt for Itttssia, it
major disaster for the U. S. Sukarno leans
oil Russia fill- arms, oil Indonesian Com-
mooists for political support. And the
Reds are taking their pay in influence,
as Sukarno builds its cmpirc.
The Indot esiau plan of action calls
for swift take-overs of vast territories.
The pattern is already clear.
First step involved I)otch Ncw Guinea.
IORTH BORNEO
BRUNEI (Br
LAYA RA r.)
. _ ingapore , . ..
By insatting the island colony I>y
air and ea, threatening a Isigger tto.
and eoliting U. S. support for to el;tins.
Snlarno !got a promise last Irly :il Iltat
\Vest \t Guinea would be his t>s ALty
t, 196;3.
'Throe lm last autnonI Sttkarlio esnded
peace, good sill. Like batty a dictator
before liiin, Sukarno said ptshlit k that
hntloness,t had no further territoi ial atn-
bitiors: We are not imperialist eyp;ri-
sicntists, thirsty for territory..
Stuldenly, it I)ecentbcr, est n Ihin",
changed Sukarno then ntaclc Is first
hoses to,card getting Britain's portion of
the isl~ostl of Borneo, :dreads fttn-thirds
lodot esi:rt.
SoLow) first tried Iintoei. He hacked
bring Sarawak, Brunei, North Borneo, Singapore and Ma-
laya into a new federation, Malaysia, by August. President
Macapagal of the Philippines claims North Borneo. And
Britain is set to fight to keep Sukarno from a new grab.
46 Approved For Release 2005/06/01 : CIA-RDP79T00429A0bUs4tl ibd' -I, REPORT, Feb. 11, 1963