CONSTRUCTION AND IMPORTS OF VESSELS FOR THE INLAND FLEET OF THE USR 1956-60

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 65
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2013
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 13, 1957
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
tRET,
ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE REPORT
NI 58
CONSTRUCTION AND IMPORTS
OF VESSELS FOR THE INLAND FLEET
OF THE USSR
1956-60
CIA/RR 116
13 December 1957
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
pc'
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
?CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C -R-E-T
ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE REPORT
CONSTRUCTION AND IMPORTS OF VESSELS FOR THE INLAND FLEET OF THE USSR
1950-60
CIA/RR 116
(ORB Project 35.1673)
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
FOREWORD
The purpose of this report is to revise in the light of more
recent information the estimates of Soviet construction of inland
vessels and the size of the Soviet inland fleet
50X1
50X1
This report is part of a program of ORB 50X1
to estimate the magnitude of the shipbuilding effort in the USSR.
-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Summary
S-E-C-R-E-T
CONTENTS
Page
1
I. Introduction 3
II. History 4
III. Organization 6
IV. Development During the Fifth Five Year Plan
(1951-55) 7
A. Plan
B. Change in Size and Composition of the Fleet
C. Imports
D. Soviet Construction
V. Development During the Sixth Five Year Plan
(1956-60)
7
8
9
10
12
A. Plan
12
B. Change in Size and Composition of the Fleet
?
?
12
C. Imports
14
D. Soviet Construction
16
VI. Inputs for Soviet Construction During 1955
17
VII. Capabilities, Limitations, and Intentions
19
A. Capabilities
19
B. Limitations
19
C. Intentions
20
Appendixes
50X1
Appendix A. Methodology
21
- v -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Tables
Page
1. Total Length of Waterways Used by the Soviet Inland
Fleet and Cargo Turnover, Horsepower, and Tonnage
of Vessels Used in the USSR, 1913, 1928, and 1940 . . 5
2. Types of Inland Vessels to Be Constructed in the USSR
During the Sixth Five Year Plan (1956-60) 13
3. Input Requirements for Construction of Inland Vessels
in the USSR, 1955 18
U. Estimated Imports of Inland Vessels by the USSR, by
Country of Export, 1950-60 24
5. Estimated Growth of the Inland Fleet of Self-Propelled
Vessels in the USSR, 1950-60 25
6. Estimated Growth of the Inland Fleet of Non-Self-
Propelled Vessels in the USSR, 1950-60 26
7. Estimated Composition of the Inland Fleet in the USSR,
1950-60 28
8. Data on Prices of Inland Vessels in the US and in the
USSR, 1955 33
9. Weighted Figures on Prices of Inland Vessels in the US
and in the USSR, 1955 34
10. Estimated Quantity and Value of Construction of Inland
Vessels in the USSR, 1950-60 35
11. Estimated Quantity and Value of Construction of Self-
Propelled Inland Vessels in the USSR, 1950-60 . . . . 36
12. Estimated Quantity and Value of Construction of Non-
Self-Propelled Inland Vessels in the USSR, 1950-60 . 37
- vi -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
13. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland
Vessels by the USSR from the European Satellites
and Communist China, 1950-60
Page
38
14. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Self-
Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR from the
European Satellites and Communist China,
1950-60 39
15. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland
Vessels by the USSR from Finland, 1950-60 4o
16. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Self-
Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR from Finland,
1950-60 41
17. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Non-
Self-Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR from
Finland, 1950-60 42
18. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland
Vessels by the USSR, 1950-60 43
19. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Self-
Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR, 1950-60
20. Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Non-
Self-Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR,
1950-60 45
21. Input Factors and Quantity of Inputs for Inland
Vessels Constructed in the USSR, 1955 47
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R=E-T
Charts
Following Page
Figure 1. USSR: Estimated Composition of the
Inland Fleet, 1950-60 10
Figure 2. USSR: Estimated Gross Additions to the
Inland Fleet, 1951-55 10
Figure 3. USSR: Estimated Construction of Self-
Propelled Inland Vessels, 1950-60 . . 12
Figure 4. USSR: Estimated Construction of Non-
Self-Propelled Inland Vessels,
1950-60 12
Figure 5. USSR: Estimated Gross Additions to
the Inland Fleet, 1956-60 16
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
CIA/RR 116 S-E-C-R-E-T
(ORR Project 35.1673)
CONSTRUCTION AND IMPORTS OF VESSELS
FOR THE INLAND FLEET OF THE USSR*
1950-60
Summary
Soviet efforts to develop a large-scale, highly efficient system
of inland** waterway transportation and the shipbuilding industry
necessary to support such a system have continued from shortly after
the Communist Revolution to the present. During World War II, many
of the inland shipyards were severely damaged or destroyed. Since
the end of World War II these damaged facilities have been rebuilt,
and many new shipyards have been constructed. Even with its greatly
increased facilities, domestic Soviet construction of inland vessels
has not been able to produce the required additions for the Soviet
inland fleet and at the same time to carry out the increasing main-
tenance and repair required by this expanding fleet. Reparations
and purchases from abroad have supplemented construction of inland
vessels in the past, and purchases should continue to supplement
construction in the future.
Because of damages that occurred during World War II, the size
of the inland fleet was reduced by 1945 to 3,148 self-propelled
vessels totaling 610,000 horsepower (hp) and 5,644 non-self-propelled
vessels totaling 3.8 million deadweight tons cargo capacity (dwtcc).***
By 1950, as a result of gross additions (Soviet construction plus
imports), the inland fleet had grown to include self-propelled
vessels totaling 910,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling
6.8 million dwtcc and was comparable with the US inland fleet on the
* The estimates and conclusions contained in this report repre-
sent the best judgment of ORB as of 15 September 1957.
** The term inland as used in this report refers to inland water-
ways, which include rivers, lakes, and canals. The term inland
fleet comprises all self-propelled and non-self-propelled vessels
using the inland waterways and does not include harbor craft in
maritime ports and vessels in, or intended for use in, the Caspian
Fleet.
*** The deadweight tons cargo capacity (dwtcc) is the total weight
of cargo in metric tons (tonnages are given in metric tons throughout
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Mississippi River system and the Gulf intracoastal waterways during
1951. This US inland fleet had self-propelled vessels totaling
926,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling 6,633,000 dwtcc.
It is expected that the Soviet inland fleet by 1960 will have self-
propelled vessels totaling more than 2 million hp and non-self-
propelled vessels totaling more than 10 million dwtcc. The fleet
of self-propelled vessels probably will continue to expand, and
the fleet of non-self-propelled vessels probably will be stabilized
in the 1960's at about 11 million dwtcc.
As of 1957 the USSR gives no indication of an intention of construc-
ting naval vessels at those facilities now used for construction of in-
land vessels. In an emergency, however, conversion to construction of
naval small craft could be accomplished easily. On the basis of the
effort expended on construction of steel inland vessels in 1955, it is
estimated that the shipyards which constructed these vessels could con-
struct naval small craft at a rate of about 25,000 light ship displace-
ment (LSD) tons, per year.
Soviet imports of self-propelled vessels for the inland fleet
during 1951-55 represented 44 percent of the gross additions of these
vessels measured in horsepower. Imports of non-self-propelled ves-
sels during the same period represented 14 percent of the gross addi-
tions measured in deadweight tons cargo capacity. Imports of self-
propelled and non-self-propelled vessels represented 22 percent of
gross additions measured in rubles. The European Satellites and Com-
munist China accounted for 72 percent of the ruble value of Soviet
imports. Soviet construction of inland vessels during the Fifth Five
this report unless otherwise indicated) which the vessel can carry
in full load condition. The deadweight tons cargo capacity is equal
to the deadweight tonnage minus the full load allowance weight of
crew, passengers, provisions, fuel, water, and other items necessary
for use on a voyage. The deadweight tonnage of a vessel is the car-
rying capacity (in metric tons) of the vessel. It includes the
crew and their effects and all items of consumable or variable
load such as stores, fuel, and cargo. The deadweight tonnage is the
difference in tons between full load displacement and light ship
displacement. Light ship displacement (LSD) is the weight (in metric
tons) of the vessel complete, ready for service in every respect,
including permanent ballast and liquids in the machinery at operating
levels but excluding the crew and their effects and all items of con-
sumable or variable load such as stores, fuel, and cargo. The term
deadweight tonnage is used in this report only when direct references
are made to quotations from Soviet publications.
- 2-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Year Plan (1951-55) is estimated to have included self-propelled
vessels totaling 301,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling
3,490,000 dwtcc, or a total value of construction of inland vessels
of 2.48 billion rubles (US $430 million).*
Soviet imports during 1956-60 are expected to increase to 29
percent of the ruble value of total gross additions to the inland
fleet, with the European Satellites and Communist China furnishing
79 percent of the ruble value of these imports. Soviet construction
of self-propelled inland vessels during the Sixth Five Year Plan
(1956-60) is expected to increase to 571,000 hp, but construction of
non-self-propelled vessels is expected to decrease to 1,610,000 dwtcc.
The total expected value of construction of inland vessels, 2.33 bil-
lion rubles ($446 million), is about the same as the value of inland
vessels constructed during 1951-55, but the value of maintenance and
repair during 1956-60 will continue to increase.
I. Introduction.
Construction and procurement of vessels for the inland fleet
of the USSR, as for any industrialized country, is dependent on and
directly related to requirements for inland water transportation.
The relationship between supply and demand is much closer in the
case of inland vessels than that which normally governs the building
or procurement of either a naval or a maritime fleet because these
latter may be influenced to a varying degree by the desire for na-
tional prestige and by assumed requirements for military preparedness.
As part of the Soviet objective of making the USSR a highly in-
dustrialized nation without dependence on imports from other nations,
the USSR has continued to expand its inland transportation systems.
The lower cost of inland water transportation, compared with the
cost of transportation on railroads and highways, together with the
* Unless otherwise indicated, ruble values are given in 1955 rubles
and dollar values in 1955 US dollars throughout this report. Ruble-
dollar ratios between 3.92 to 1 and 6.55 to 1 are indicated for con-
struction of inland vessels. (See Tables 8 and 9, Appendix A, pp. 33
and 34, below.)
- 3 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
economic and physical geography of the USSR, has resulted in the use
of inland waterways for a sizable portion of all Soviet inland trans-
portation. The proportion of inland waterway transportation in the
over-all rail-water cargo turnover was 6.6 percent in 1950, decreas-
ing to 6.1 percent in 1955) with the 1960 plans calling for an in-
crease to 7.4 percent. 1/* The actual cargo turnover for inland
transportation amounted to 67.4 billion ton-kilometers (tkm**) in
1955) with a planned 121.3 billion tkm by 1960. Cargo turnover for
the US in 1955 was slightly in excess of 97 billion tkm. 2/ The
USSR has more than 9 million km of inland waterways. Of this total,
about 0.5 million km are suitable for seasonal rafting and more than
130,000 km for navigation of vessels.*** Movement of cargo north
and south in the USSR is highly dependent on transportation on in-
land waterways. The principal waterways linking the Black and Caspian
Seas with the Baltic and White Seas, along with the Dnieper and Don
Rivers, at present carry most of the traffic on inland waterways re-
quired by the highly industrialized area west of the Urals. The
general orientation of these waterways is north and south, railroads
being used generally for transportation east and west. East of the
Urals the movement of cargo north and south is almost entirely de-
pendent on shipping along the Yenisey, Ob', and Lena Rivers, all of
which have points of transshipment with the Trans-Siberian Railroad
in the south and with the growing Northern Sea Route along the northern
seacoast of the USSR.
II. History.
In the USSR, immediately after the Communist Revolution, the
segment of the shipbuilding industry that constructed inland vessels
was almost nonexistent, and the system of inland waterways was widely
damaged. Only about 52,000 km of usually navigable waterways were
open to traffic, and there were no adequate shipyards. J In plans
for the national economy following the Revolution, the need for the
development of transportation on inland waterways was recognized and
the expansion of the inland fleet was included. Table 1**** shows
the development of the inland waterways, transportation on inland
waterways, and the inland fleet before World War II.
50X1
** See the third footnote on p. 1, above.
*** The US has 46,700 km of inland waterways used for barge
traffic. 2/
%XXX Table 1 follows on p. 5.
- 4 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 1
Total Length of Waterways Used by the Soviet Inland Fleet
and Cargo Turnover, Horsepower, and Tonnage of Vessels Used
in the USSR
1913, 1928, and 1940
Type of Activity
Total length of in-
land waterways used
Cargo turnover
Horsepower of self-
propelled vessels
used
Cargo deadweight of
non-self-propelled
vessels used
Unit of Measure 1913 1928 1940
Thousand kilo-
meters it/
Billion ton-
kilometers h/
Thousand horse-
power
64.6 71.6 107.3
28.9 15.9 35.9
1,039 538 810
Thousand dead- 13,678 4,240 5,800
weight tons
cargo capacity
The difference in the data for 1913 and 1928 reflects the dete-
rioration of the Soviet inland fleet and the nonutilization of the
inland waterways for transportation after the Communist Revolution,
whereas a comparison of data for 1928 and 191t0 reflectsthe subse-
quent emphasis by the Soviet planners on the inland fleet and in-
land waterways. In the Second Five Year Plan (1933-37), shipyards
of the Main Administration of the River Industry produced 432 self-
propelled vessels totaling 137,960 hp and 253 non-self-propelled
vessels totaling 271,510 dwtcc.. I/
At the beginning of World War II the segment of the shipbuilding
industry that constructed inland vessels comprised 211 industrial
enterprises including 65 plants, 117 shops, and 29 shipyards for
constructing wooden vessels. g.i./ According to Soviet figures, more
than 1,000 self-propelled vessels and more than 3,000 non-self-
propelled vessels were destroyed, sunk, or damaged during World
War II. Although there are reasons to believe that these figures
- 5 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
exaggerate actual losses, it is estimated that the inland fleet was
reduced by 1945 to 3,148 self-propelled vessels totaling 610,000 hp
and 5,644 non-self-propelled vessels totaling 3.8 million dwtcc. 2/
Many of the shipyards constructing inland vessels had suffered direct
damage, and the majority were in disrepair.
The first postwar Five Year Plan, the Fourth Five Year Plan
(1946-50), envisioned an increase in the inland fleet of self-pro-
pelled vessels totaling 300,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels
totaling 3 million dwtcc. 12/ It was planned that 152 million
rubles were to be spent during 1946-50 to rehabilitate and re-
construct damaged shipyards, to re-equip existing shipyards, and
to build new shipyards. 11/
Exact increases in the inland fleet during 1946-50 are not known.
It is known, however, that sizable increases resulted from repara-
tions, and it is believed that by including these reparations and
purchases from abroad the plan substantially was met, with the result-
ing fleet at the end of 1950 including self-propelled vessels total-
ing 910,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling 6.8 million
dwtcc. This fleet is to be compared with the US inland fleet, which
included self-propelled vessels totaling 926,000 hp and non-self-
propelled vessels totaling 6,333,000 dwtcc on the Mississippi River
system and Gulf intracoastal waterways during 1951. 1/
III. Organization.
In March 1946 the Peoples Commissariat of the River Fleet of the
USSR (Narodnyy Komissariat Rechnogo Flota NKRF) was changed to
the Ministry of the River Fleet (Ministerstvo Rechnogo Flota MRF).
In March 1953, after the death of Stalin, the MRF, the Ministry of
the Maritime Fleet (Ministerstvo Morskogo Flota MMF) and the
Main Administration of the Northern Sea Route (Glavnoye Upravleniye
Severnogo Morskogo Puti Glavsevmorput) were united into a single
ministry -- the Ministry of the Maritime and River Fleet (Ministerstvo
Morskogo i Rechnogo Flota MMRF). Reorganization in August 1954
again made the inland fleet a separate ministry. In June 1956, the
MRF was abolished, and its organizations and establishments were trans-
ferred to the control of the republics concerned. In actual fact
this last reorganization will probably not have much effect, because
in terms of kilometers more than 90 percent of the navigable water-
ways of the USSR are in the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Repub-
lic (RSFSR). 12/ From 1946 to the present, Z.A. Shashkov has been
- 6 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
the Minister of the MRF and of the MMRF. In the latest reorganization,
Shashkov became Minister of the MRF, RSFSR, and chairman of the col-
legium of the MRF, RSFSR, with deputy ministers N.G. Ovsyannikov,
M.S. Nazarov, A.N. Vakhturov, V.M. Ptashnikov, Ye.S. Selesnev,
N.P. Fedotov, and P.V. Cherevko. Jj
Details of the saministrative structure of ahipyards and ship
repair yards under the new ministry are not yet known. It is be-
lieved, however, that the structure will remain substantially the
same as before, with the MRF, RSFSR, controlling the principal
design, technical, planning, and educational organizations.
Before October 1956, broad policy matters such as the types and
numbers of vessels to be constructed were handled by the Planning-
Economic Administration (Planovo-Ekonomicheskoye Upravleniye) of the
MRF. Plans were prepared by either the shipyard or the central
design organization of the Leningrad Central Planning and Design
Bureau No. 1 (Tsentral'noye Proyektno-Konstruktorskoye Byuro --
TsPKB), the principal desigp organization. Subject to the approval
of the minister, construction orders in accordance with these de-
signs were placed in MRF shipyards or in shipyards of the Ministry
of Shipbuilding (Ministerstvo Sudostroitel'noy Promyshlennosti --
MSP). Inspection for seaworthiness and classification during con-
struction was handled by inspectors of the Soviet Register of Inland
Vessels, an organization under the MRF, with functions similar to
those of the American Bureau of Shipping. 15/
Many shipyards constructing for the inland waterways previously
were under the jurisdiction of the main administration for the MRF
area in which they were located but with much control exercised by
the Main Administration of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Plants
(Glavnoye Upravleniye Sudostroitel'nykh i Sudoremontnykh Zavodov)
of the MRF, RSFSR, as well as by the Scientific Technical Society
(Nauchno-Tekhnicheskoye Obshchestvo NTO). la/ Other shipyards
producing for the inland waterways have been responsible directly
to this main administration.
IN. Development During the Fifth Five Year Plan (1951-55).
A. Plan.
The only direct reference to Soviet construction of inland
vessels in the published Fifth Five Year Plan (1951-55) envisioned
- 7 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
an increase of 2.6 times in the number of inland passenger vessels
to be launched in 1955 compared with the number launched in 1950.
Individual reports concerning the plans for construction of in-
dividual types of inland vessels by specific shipyards, as well as
the plan for increased transportation (an annual increase of 15 or
16 percent) on inland waterways, 11/ indicate that there was a plan
for construction of inland vessels and that the rate of construction
was probably higher than actual construction during the Fourth Five.
Year Plan (1946-50).
B. Change in Size and Composition of the Fleet.
Soviet statements of fulfillment of the Fifth Five Year
Plan compared with data of 1950 show that by the end of 1955 the
inland fleet of self-propelled vessels had increased 43 percent
in terms of horsepower, the fleet of non-self-propelled vessels
42 percent in terms of deadweight tons cargo capacity, 1.?/ and
construction of inland passenger vessels 187 percent in terms of
horsepower. 12/ On the basis of the estimated size of the fleet
at the end of 1950, it is estimated that the net additions (gross
additions minus retirements) included self-propelled vessels total-
ing 390,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling 2.9 million
dwtcc. These net additions are to be compared with the net addi-
tions planned for the Fourth Five Year Plan, self-propelled vessels
totaling 0.3 million hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling
3 million dwtcc. Net additions of inland vessels planned under the
Fourth Five Year Plan are believed to have been fulfilled. The
change in the composition of the net additions during the Fifth Five
Year Plan compared with those during the Fourth Five Year Plan is
related to problems encountered in operation and to changing con-
ditions of operation.
The productivity of the inland fleet, in relation to the size
of the fleet, in terms of both tons carried and ton-kilometers, had
not been satisfactory. In 1953 the demurrage of the non-self-pro-
pelled dry cargo vessels was 65.6 percent) and the demurrage of
vessels waiting for tugs and towboats* was 28.3 percent more than
that before World War II. 22/ Thus the necessity for increasing
* Tugs and towboats are self-propelled vessels of small tonnage that
have little or no cargo capacity, have high engine power in relation
to the general dimensions of the vessel, and are used for towing
barges, lighters, and other craft. In the US (and as used in this
report) a tug pulls its tow, whereas a towboat pushes its tow ahead.
- 8 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26:
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
the fleet of tugs in relation to the fleet of non-self-propelled ves-
sels was clearly indicated. Still another factor influenced the neces-
sity for a relative increase in the fleet of self-propelled vessels.
The progressive building of dams had converted many rivers into chains
of lakes and wide reservoirs resulting in changes in requirements for
the vessels navigating on them. Long trains of non-self-propelled bar-
ges and lighters which had been satisfactory on the relatively narrow
rivers became unsatisfactory for use on these new waterways; not only in
regard to strength and stability but also in the inability of tugs to
hold these tows under conditions of rougher waters and greater wind
forces.
As a result; much effort was spent in strengthening existing ves-
sels to conform to the requirements of the USSR Register of Inland Ves-
sels. During 1954; Kovalev, the Chief of the Division of Future Planning
of the Planning Economic Administration(Otdel Perspektivnogo Plani-
rovaniya, Planovo-Ekonomicheskoye Upravleniye) of the PINRF made an effort
to decrease production of non-self-propelled vessels. His plan called
for the carrying of 35 percent of all dry cargo in self-propelled ves-
sels by 1960. 1.1.j
By the end of 1955 the inland fleet comprised self-propelled ves-
sels totaling some 1.3 million hp and non-self-propelled vessels total-
ing 9.7 million dwtcc. For the composition of the inland fleet; see
the accompanying chart, Figure 1.* For figures on the growth of the
fleets of self-propelled and non-self-propelled vessels, see Tables 5
and 6.** Diesel propulsion accounted for approximately 43 percent of
the horsepower of the self-propelled vessels.
C. Imports.
During 1951-55, exports of inland vessels from the USSR were
negligible. Soviet imports of self-propelled vessels, however, totaled
237,000 hp (44 percent of the gross additions of self-propelled
vessels), valued at 406 million rubles, and of non-self-propelled
vessels 560,000 dwtcc (14 percent of the gross additions of non-self-
propelled vessels), valued at 290 million rubles. The total value
of imports of inland vessels was 696 million rubles (22 percent of
the value of gross additions of inland vessels). Imports from the
European Satellites and Communist China accounted for 94 percent of
the horsepower of self-propelled vessels; 38 percent of the dead-
weight tons cargo capacity of non-self-propelled vessels; and 72
percent of the total ruble value of both types of vessels. Among
countries contributing to these imports, Finland was the only country
Following p. 10.
** Appendix A, pp. 25 and 26, respectively, below.
- 9 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
of the Free World. In terms of US costs, imports from the Bloc are
valued at $106 million and imports from Finland at $33 million, a
total of $139 million. The accompanying chart, Figure 2,* shows
the relative importance of imports during 1951-55. The quantity of
Soviet imports of inland vessels) by country of export, during
1950-60 is shown in Table 4.** The quantity and value of Soviet
imports of inland vessels from the European Satellites and Com-
munist China, by type of vessel, during 1950-60 are shown in
Table 13*** and of self-propelled inland vessels from the European
Satellites and Communist China in Table 14.**** Soviet imports of
Inland vessels from Finland during 1950-60 are shown in Table 15,t
of self-propelled inland vessels from Finland in Table 16,tt of
non-self-propelled inland vessels from Finland in Table 17.ttt All
Soviet imports of inland vessels (those from the European Satellites,
Communist China, and Finland) during 1950-60 are shown in Table 18,tttt
of self-propelled inland vessels in Table 19,# and of non-self-pro-
pelled inland vessels in Table 20.44
Rumania was the largest exporter of self-propelled inland
vessels, exporting virtually only tugs, towboats, and barges. Follow-
ing, in terms of horsepower, were Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and East
Germany. Imports from these three countries contained a large pro-
portion of cargo vessels and passenger vessels.
D. Soviet Construction.
As a result of the rehabilitation and the expansion of ship-
building facilities in the USSR and of the continued emphasis on
expanding the inlahd fleet, Soviet construction alone during 1951-55
was more than the estimated net additions, including both Soviet con-
struction and imports) during the Fourth Five Year Plan (1946-50).
Construction of self-propelled vessels totaling 301,000 hp and of
* Following p. 10.
** Appendix A, p. 24, below.
*** Appendix A, p. 38, below.
XXX% Appendix A, p. 39, below.
t Appendix A, p. 40) below.
tt Appendix A, p. 41, below.
ttt Appendix A) p. 42, below.
tttt Appendix A, p. 43, below.
# Appendix A, p. 44, below.
## Appendix A, p. 45, below.
- 10 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
2,
2
SELF-PROPELLED (Thousands of horsacowed
USSR
ESTIMATED COMPOSITION OF THE
INLAND FLEET, 1950-60
tillll
000
600
200
800
400
0
II-
SELF-PROPELLED
VESSELS
NON-SELF-PROPELLED
VESSELS
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
Estimates are as 01 3? December, for years indicated.
25962 10-57
1955
1956
1957
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0 r -
1958
1959
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
1960
50X1
Figure 1
s of deadweight tons cargo capacity)
NON-SELF-PROPELLED tAl
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
USSR
ESTIMATED GROSS ADDITIONS*
TO THE INLAND FLEET; 1951-55
SELF-PROPELLED
(Thousands of horsepower)
538
SELF-PROPELLED
AND NON-SELF-PROPELLED
TOTAL VALUE: 3,170
(Millions of 1955 rubles)
25963 10-57
NON-SELF-PROPELLED
(Thousands of deadweight
tons cargo capacity)
4,050
SELF-PROPELLED
AND NON-SELF-PROPELLED
TOTAL VALUE: 568
(Millions of 1955 US dollars)
Nx's Imports from the European
a-111 Satellites and Communist China
ED Imports from Finland?? ?
LiSoviet Construction
?Soviet construction plus imports.
?? Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data
and may not add to the totals shown.
??? Finland was the only country of the Free World that
has been exporting inland vessels to the USSR.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Figure 2 50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
non-self-propelled vessels totaling 3,490,000 dwtcc, had a total
value of 2.48 billion rubles which represented, in terms of the
total gross additions, 56 percent of the horsepower and self-pro-
pelled vessels, 86 percent of the deadweight tons cargo capacity
of non-self-propelled vessels, and 78 percent of the total value
of inland vessels, as shown in Figure 2.*, The quantity and value
of construction of inland vessels in the USSR during 1950-60 are
shown in Table 10,** that of self-propelled inland vessels in
Table 11,*** and of non-self-propelled vessels in Table 12.****
US cost for similar construction of inland vessels would
have been $430 million based on a dollar ratio of 5.77 to 1 for
Soviet construction during 1951-55.
Characteristics of Soviet construction during 1951-55 were the
adoption of new standard designs, a decrease in the total number of
standard designs,t an increased use of assembly-line construction,
greater average horsepower per vessel, increased use of diesel power
as opposed to steam, and a greater percentage of steel construction
as opposed to wooden construction. Estimated Soviet construction of
self-propelled vessels is shown in the accompanying chart, Figure 3,tt
and estimated construction of non-self-propelled vessels is shown in
the accompanying chart, Figure 4.ttt
Some idea of the relative importance of the inland fleet
was shown when the MRF and the MMF were combined in 1953. Z.A.
Shashkov, the former Minister of the MRF, headed the new ministry.
When the new ministry separated in 1954 into the MRF and the MMF,
Shashkov was again appointed Minister of the MRF.
During 1951-55, lack of maintenance and repairs of the in-
land fleet and the resulting underfulfillment of' the plans for
'transportation made it evident that as the fleet grew more attention
and more facilities would have to be devoted to maintenance and re-
pair. Although available information is not entirely conclusive,
Following p. 10.
** Appendix A, p. 35, below.
9HHe Appendix A, p. 36, below.
**** Appendix A, p. 37, below.
As of 1949 the All-Union Standards (Gosudarstvennyy Obshche-
soyuznyy Standart GOST) for inland vessels included 48 types and
sizes. 22/
tt Following p. 12.
ttt Following p. 12.
- 11-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
it appears that in about 1953 or 1954 some of the effort which had
been devoted to new Construction was being diverted to maintenance
and repair.
V. Development During the Sixth Five Year Plan (1956-60).
A. Plan.
Under the Sixth Five Year Plan (1956-60) the inland fleet
of the USSR is to be supplied with tugs and towboats and self-pro-
pelled cargo vessels totaling approximately 720,000 hp, passenger
vessels totaling 180,000 hp, and non-self-propelled vessels total-
ing 2,245,000 dwtcc. 22/ Included in this plan are 5,000-dwtcc
self-propelled cargo vessels of 1,600 hp, 2,400-hp tugs, 3,000-dwtcc
tankers, refrigerator vessels, diesel ferryboats, icebreakers of up
to 4,1poo hp, and 460-berth passenger vessels, as well as numerous
types of smaller vessels. 2ILq Table 2* shows a more complete list-
ing of planned types. It is significant that the plan envisions
reconstruction of existing ship repair enterprises and construction
of new ship repair enterprises but does not include construction of
new shipyards. .25/
B. Change in Size and Composition of the Fleet.
On the assumption that the plan for supplying vessels to
the inland fleet of the USSR is fulfilled, with allowance for re-
tirements, it is estimated that this fleet by 1960 will have self-
propelled vessels totaling 2,040,000 hp (57 percent more than dur-
ing 1955) and non-self-propelled vessels totaling 10,724,000 dwtcc
(11 percent more than during 1955). Figure 1** and Table 7*** show
the estimated composition of the fleet during 1950-60. For figures
on the growth of the fleets of self-propelled and non-self-propelled
vessels, see Tables 5 and 6.****
The largest increase Is to be in total horsepower of self-
propelled cargo vessels, an increase of 119 percent compared with
1955. According to the Soviet press, by 1960 diesel-propelled vessels
Table 2 follows on p. 13.
Following p. 10.
Appendix A, p. 28, below.
Appendix A, pp. 25 and 26, respectively, below.
-12-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Thousands of horsepower
Figure 3
USSR
ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-PROPELLED
INLAND VESSELS, 1950-60
TUGS
1950 1951 1952
25964 10-57
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Thousands of deodweight tons cargo capacity
Figure 4
USSR
ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION OF NON-SELF-PROPELLED
INLAND VESSELS, 1950-60
1950
25965 10-57
I I I I i I I i 1
1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
1959
1960
50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 2
Types of Inland Vessels to Be Constructed in the USSR
During the Sixth Five Year Plan (1956-60) 2.1
Type of Vessel
Towboat
Towboai
Towboat
Perry
Passenger-cargo
Passenger
Dovator passenger 12/
Passenger
200-passenger
160-passenger
Dry cargo
Dry cargo
Dry cargo
Dry cargo
Cargo
Tanker
Tanker
Tanker
Refrigerator
Icebreaker
Steel, dry cargo barge
Steel, dry cargo barge
Steel, dry cargo barge
Barge, timber carrier
Barge, timber carrier
Barge, timber carrier
Type of Propulsion
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel-electric
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel (water-jet)
Diesel (water-jet)
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel (water-jet)
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
None
None
None
None
None
None
Deadweight Tons
Cargo Capacity
80 (350 pas-
sengers)
5,000
1,0000
600
150
6o
200
3,000 to 4,000
600
200 to 250
4,5oo
3,000
1,800
1,500
1,000
600
Horsepower
2,200 to 2,400
1,200
600 to 800
600
600 to 800
2,700
1,200
Place of Use
Volga, Kama, Yenisey,
Irtysh, and Amur Rivers
Reservoirs
Siberian rivers
Volga River
Volga River and 7.aberian
rivers
800 Lakes Ladoga and Omega
and other lakes
300
150
1,600
800
N.A.
Volga River
Shallow rivers
1,200 Reservoirs
j00
Up to 4,000
Shallow rivers
Volga-Don Canal
Volga-Don Canal
Siberian rivers
Dnieper and Don Rivers
and other rivers
Dnieper and Don Rivers
and other rivers
a. gy
b. East German type of passenger vessel.
- 13 -8-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
will account for 12.4 percent of the over-all "deadweight tonnage"
of dry cargo vessels compared with 4.4 percent in 1954; and self-
propelled tankers for 7.2 percent Of the over-all "deadweight ton-
nage" of inland tankers compared with 1.3 percent in 1954. EV
These increases are in general conformity with the announcement
that Kovalev made in 1954.*
Self-propelled vessels operating on the better developed
Soviet inland waterways are expected to show increasing average
horsepower per vessel. Water-jet-propelled vessels are already
in serial production. Experimentation is continuing with high-
speed hydrofoil passenger vessels and with electrically propelled
vessels connected to shore powerlines by trolleys. Either or both
the hydrofoil vessels and the vessels using trolleys may be put
Into serial production in 1956-60.
The sharply diminishing rate of growth of the fleet of non-
self-propelled vessels indicates that it will almost stabilize at
roughly 11 million dwtcc shortly after 1960. Of the deadweight
tons cargo capacity of non-self-propelled vessels, wooden barges,
which comprised 42 percent in 1955, will comprise less than 35 per-
cent in 1960, with an actual decrease of deadweight tons cargo
capacity during 1955-60. Because the useful life of a steel barge
is approximately double that of a wooden barge and because its cost
per deadweight ton cargo capacity is only about 10 percent greater,
the change in the composition of the inland fleet will decrease
over-all expenditures for the fleet of non-self-propelled vessels.
C. Imports.
The EaA German plan for export of inland vessels to the
USSR is the only such European Satellite plan available. It has
been assumed that other countries of the Sino-Soviet Bloc will con-
tinue the trend of exports to the USSR established during 1951-55.
Soviet planned imports of self-propelled vessels from East
Germany will increase from 24,500 hp during 1951-55 to 53,400 hp
during 1956-60, an increase of 118 percent. It is estimated that
imports of self-propelled vessels from the European Satellites and
Communist China during 1956-60 will be 322,000 hp, an increase of
45 percent compared with imports during 1951-55, and of non-self-
propelled vessels 308,600 dwtcc, an increase of 43 percent compared
* See IV, B, p. 8, above.
- 14 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
with imports during 1951-55. These estimated imports will be 98 per-
cent of the total imports of self-propelled vessels in horsepower,
48 percent of the deadweight tons cargo capacity of imports of non-
self-propelled vessels, 80 percent of the value of all imports of
inland vessels, and 29 percent of the rale value of total gross
additions to the inland fleet. In view of the continued emphasis
on shipbuilding in the European Satellites and Communist China and
the controls exercised by the USSR through the Council of Mutual
Economic Assistance (Sovet Ekonomicheskoy Vzaimopomoshchi CEMA),
these increases appear quite reasonable. The accompanying chart,
Figure 5,* shows the relative importance of estimated Soviet imports
of inland vessels during 1956-60. The estimated quantity of Soviet
imports of inland vessels, by country of export, during 1950-60 is
shown in Table 4.** The estimated quantity and value of Soviet im-
ports of inland vessels from the European Satellites and Communist
China, by type of vessel, during 1950-60 are shown in Table 13,***
and estimated Soviet imports. of self-propelled inland vessels from
the European Satellites and Communist China in Table 14.**** Esti-
mated Soviet imports from Finland of inland vessels are shown in
Table 15,t of self-propelled inland vessels in Table 16,tt and of
non-self-propelled inland vessels in Table 17.ttt Estimated Soviet
imports of all inland vessels during 1950-60 are shown in Table 18,tttt
of self-propelled inland vessels in Table 19,t and of non-self-propelled
inland vessels in Table 20.0 Possible changes in Soviet imports re-
sulting from changes in policy in the European Satellites because of
unrest have not been considered in the derivation of these estimates.
Finland, the only country of the Free World that is known
to have planned the future exports of inland vessels to the USSR,
is expected to export to the USSR during 1956-60 self-propelled
vessels totaling 7,400 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling
330,000 dwtcc. These estimates indicate a reduction of 53 percent
in the exports of self-propelled vessels during 1951-55, and exports
of non-self-propelled vessels are expected to remain fairly constant.
*
Following p.
16.
**
Appendix A,
p.
24,
below.
***
Appendix A,
p.
38,
below.
****
Appendix A,
p.
39,
below.
t
Appendix A,
p.
40,
below.
tt
Appendix A,
p.
41,
below.
ttt
Appendix A,
p.
42,
below.
tttt
Appendix A)
p.
43;
below.
#
Appendix A,
p.
44,
below.
0
Appendix A,
p.
45,
below.
15
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
The total value of imports of inland vessels from the European
Satellites, Communist China, and Finland is expected to be 942 mil-
lion rubles (29 percent of gross additions), representing an increase
of 35 percent compared with imports during 1951-55. Estimated ex-
ports of inland vessels from the USSR during 1956-60 are expected
to remain negligible.
D. Soviet Construction.
Because the published plan deals only with gross additions
to the inland fleet of the USSR, Soviet construction is estimated
to be the plan figures less the estimated imports. Such estimates,
although considered tentative, are generally compatible with related
plans and with past trends. The estimated quantity and value Of
construction of inland vessels in the USSR during 1950-60 are shown
in Table 10,* of self-propelled vessels in Table 11,** and of non-
self-propelled vessels in Table 12.***
Estimated Soviet construction of self-propelled vessels dur-
ing 1956-60 is expected to be 571,000 hp, an increase of about
90 percent compared with construction during 1951-55; and construc-
tion of non-self-propelled vessels is expected to drop to 1,610,000
dwtcc, or only 46 percent of construction during 1951-55. Increased
construction of self-propelled vessels and decreased construction
of non-self-propelled vessels agree with requirements and plans set
forth during the latter part of the period of the Fifth Five Year .
Plan (1951-55).****
The estimated total value of construction during 1956-60 is
2.33 billion rubles ($446 million) only 94 percent of the value of
construction during 1951-55. The estimated value of self-propelled
vessels of 1.5 billion rubles, however, shows an increase of 118 per-
cent compared with the value during 1951-55.
This increase in the value of self-propelled vessels does
not mean a relative increase in the effort of shipyards previously
constructing these vessels. It is to be expected that some ship-
yards which previously constructed only non-self-propelled steel
Appendix A, p. 35, below.
Appendix A, p. 36, below.
Appendix A, p. 37, below.
See IV, B, p. 8, above.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Figure 5
USSR
ESTIMATED GROSS ADDITIONS*
TO THE INLAND FLEET," 1956-60
SELF-PROPELLED
(Thousands of horsepower)
900
SELF-PROPELLED
AND NON-SELF-PROPELLED
TOTAL VALUE: 3,270
(Millions of 1955 rubles)
25966 10-57
NON-SELF-PROPELLED
(Thousands of deadweight
tons cargo capacity)
2,250
SELF-PROPELLED
AND NON-SELF-PROPELLED
TOTAL VALUE: 631
(Millions of 1955 US dollars)
EM Imports from the European Satellites and Communist China
Imports from Finland*"
cmSoviet Construction
'Soviet construction plus imports.
Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
"'Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels
to the USSR, and it is ?scorned that Finland will continue to be the only such country.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
vessels will construct self-propelled vessels. It is known that some
shipyards under the MSP have recently begun construction of self-
propelled inland vessels. Because a large percentage of the value
of self-propelled vessels is contained in the machinery and other
components, which are normally manufactured outside the shipyard,
the percentage of value added by the shipyard is less than that
for non-self-propelled vessels. Estimated requirements for labor
in shipyards constructing inland vessels during 1956-60 show a de-
crease of 22 percent compared with requirements during 1951-55.
Actual requirements for labor in shipyards for the Sixth Five Year
Plan (1956-60) probably will be even less because of an increase
In assembly-line construction. Even on the assumption of constant
productivity per man, approximately 9,000 persons previously en-
gaged in new construction could be released during 1956-60, or
their efforts could be diverted to maintenance and repair.
VI. Inputs for Soviet Construction During 1955.
Principal input requirements for Soviet construction of inland
vessels during 1955 are shown in Table 3.* Input factors are shown
in Table 21.** Inputs of material and power are approximately
equivalent to those that would be required in the US for similar
construction except that much of the wood used for both the barges
and for the superstructures of self-propelled vessels would be re-
placed by steel in the US. It is to be expected that future re-
quirements for inputs in the USSR, as in the US, will show a de-
cided trend toward the use of steel instead of wood and toward a
wider use of aluminum and other light materials.
Based on an average wage rate of 3.4 rubles per hour and 2,400
hours per man-year, the value of labor, including both direct and
indirect labor, amounts to 33 percent of total value of construction
of inland vessels in the USSR. 1?./ An analysis of construction of
a Soviet maritime dry cargo vessel shows the ratio of the total
value of labor also to be 33 percent of the total value of the com-
pleted vessel. 22/ A Soviet text gives this percentage as 35 to
4o percent for usual methods of construction and from 30 to 32 per-
cent for assembly-line construction. El If other factors -- cost
of materials, wages, and the like -- remain constant, it is expected
that wages, as a percentage of total value, will decrease with the
increased use of assembly-line methods.
* Table 3 follows on p. 18.
** Appendix A, p. 47, below.
-17-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 3
Input Requirements for Construction of Inland Vessels
In the USSR
1955
Material
Steel
Unit of Measure Requirements
Carbon steel Thousand metric tons 90
Alloy steel Thousand metric tons 5
Total 22
Cast iron Thousand metric tons 8
Copper and copper base alloys Thousand metric tons 1.6
Aluminum Thousand metric tons 0.7
Lead Thousand metric tons 0.5
Tin Thousand metric tons 0.1
Zinc Thousand metric tons 0.3
Rubber Thousand metric tons 0.01
Nickel and miscellaneous metals Thousand metric tons 0.3
Lumber Thousand metric tons 126
Power 21 Thousand equivalent 160
kilowatt-hours
Labor (direct and indirect) 11/ Man-years 20,200
a. Including not only electric power but also all inputs of other
power and fuel, measured in equivalent kilowatt-hours.
b. Direct labor in a shipyard consists of that part of the ship-
yard manpower whose wages are charged directly to specific con-
struction contracts. Indirect labor constitutes the remainder of
the shipyard manpower. Because of the nature of the work per-
formed by indirect labor their wages cannot be charged directly to
specific construction contracts but instead are charged to overhead.
-18-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
VII. Capabilities, Limitations, and Intentions.
A. Capabilities.
The USSR has more than 500 shipyards, including those under the
MSP, the MMF, the MRF, and the Ministry of the Fish Industry (Minister-
stvo Rybnoy Promyshlennosti MRP). Of these, about one-half are be-
lieved to be under the MRF. Some of the shipyards under the MSP are
constructing inland vessels.
The growth of the inland fleet will require increasing
efforts in maintenance and repair. The continuing expansion and
modernization of facilities of inland shipyards, the education
and training of shipyard workers, the decrease in the number of
types of vessels, and the increased use of assembly-line construc-
tion, however, leave no doubt as to the capability of the USSR to
carry out its plans for constructing inland vessels.
On the basis of input of metals shown in Table 21,* it is
estimated that, in an emergency, the shipyards that constructed
inland vessels in 1955 could construct naval small craft at the
rate of about 25,000 LSD tons per year.
B. Limitations.
Limitations on the capacities of the Soviet shipyards for
construction and repair of inland vessels can be derived from their
past performances, from existing plans, and from other known facts.
The value of the planned construction of inland vessels during
1956-60 varies only 5 percent from the value of construction during
1951-55. Furthermore, it is known that some of the larger ship-
yards which are under the MSP began construction of inland vessels in
1956. It is concluded that the inland shipyards under the MRF cannot
appreciably increase their construction of inland vessels to more
than the level of 1951-55 and at the same time continue to service
the rapidly increasing inland fleet. Neither the supply of ma-
terials nor the supply of principal components, however, appears
to be a critical or a limiting factor in constructing inland vessels.
Appendix A, p. 47, below.
-19-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
C. Intentions.
There has been no real change in the general Soviet intention
to develop a shipbuilding industry able to construct practically all
the vessels required by the USSR for a large, highly efficient inland
fleet and the Soviet system of inland waterway transportation.
Changing conditions through the years, however, have required dif-
ferent means of carrying out the basic intention. Recent experience
has shown that effort expended on development and construction of
more modern and more efficient types of vessels and on better main-
tenance and higher operating efficiency of the inland fleet will
prove more advantageous in accomplishing the over-all objective than
would maximum construction of older types of vessels.
Within the foreseeable future the USSR will continue to rely
heavily on the European Satellites for new additions to the inland
fleet even though the value of Soviet construction is increasing at
the rate of about 4 percent per year. At present there are no indi-
cations of intentions to use the facilities for construction of in-
land vessels to construct naval vessels.
- 20-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
APPENDIX A
METHODOLOGY
1. Construction.
a. General.
There is not sufficient information either on over-all Soviet
construction of inland vessels during 1950-60, or on construction of
individual vessels by the large number of Soviet shipyards engaged
in this effort to permit direct estimates of national construction
by summarizing individual units produced. Information published in
the Soviet press on the increase in the inland fleet since 1945,
however, is available, and this informatiOn can be used to estimate
construction of inland vessels in the USSR.
From the estimated size of the fleet, which is based on plans
and on data of plan fulfillment, and with an allowance for the re-
tirement of overage and damaged vessels, the gross additions to the
fleet for each 5-year period can be estimated.* Construction in the
USSR for any 5-year period is equal to these gross additions minus
the total imports both from countries of the Sino-Soviet Bloc and
from non-Bloc countries during the 5-yeas period. Quantities given
in this report for Soviet construction have been adjusted to show
constant trends rather than a constant rate of construction for each
5-year period. Therefore, it must be pointed out that although the
totals for any 5-year period are accurate to the degree permitted by
this methodology, construction for any given year is subject to error.
According to US practice, the average life of a steel tow-
boat is about 25 years and that of a wooden towboat 15 to 20 years.
In the immediate postwar period a Soviet retirement rate of it percent
Is reasonable. The large growth of the Soviet inland fleet of self-
propelled vessels since World War II, caused almost entirely by the
addition of new vessels, would indicate either a lower annual rate of
retirement based on the size of the existing fleet or the rate of
4 percent based on the postwar size of the fleet. Because none of
the vessels added after 1945 will be over 25 years old by 1960, it
* Exports of inland vessels from the USSR during 1950-60 are negli-
gible.
-21-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
has been assumed that annual retirements of self-propelled vessels
are 4 percent of the size of the fleet in 1945 and that losses
caused by accidents are 0.5 percent of the existing fleet.
In the US the average life of a wooden barge is about 12
years and that of a steel barge about 30 years. The actual oper-
ating time per year of the Soviet fleet Of barges is considerably
less than that in the US not only because of more severe ice Con-
ditions but also because of excessive demurrage. According to a
published Soviet survey the average period of service of wooden
vessels, as of 1955, was 14 years -- 21 years for those receiving
capital repair and 13 years for those not receiving capital repair.
During the last 7 years (apparently 1949-55, inclusive), the MRF
annually has written off as scrap 435 wooden vessels totaling
216,000 dwtcc. 21 Retirement rates lower than those obtaining
in the US seem to be indicated. The rates adopted are 2.5 percent
for steel barges on the basis of the size of the-fleet in 1945 and
5 percent for wooden barges on the basis of the existing fleet.
To estimate retirements as well as value of construction
and quantity of inputs, it is necessary to classify the inland
fleet and additions to it, by type. The assumptions made in de-
riving the classifications are given in e.* It should be pointed
out that although these classifications are in many cases based
on tenuous assumptions, the results are more accurate than could
be obtained by using average cost and input factors for the two
main types, self-propelled vessels and non-self-propelled vessels.
b. Size of the Fleet During 1950.
The inland fleet of the USSR in 1950 comprised self-propelled
vessels totaling 910,000 hp and non-self-propelled vessels totaling
6.8 million dwtcc. .32/
c. Construction During 1951-55.
Reports on plan fulfillment issued by the MRF state that by
the end of 1955 the self-propelled fleet had increased 43 percent and
the non-self-propelled fleet 42 percent compared with 1950. 32/ A
further check on these data, from the Soviet press, states that at
the end of the fourth year (1954) of the Fifth Five Year Plan (1951-55)
* P. 27, below.
- 22 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
the self-propelled fleet had been increased by 32 percent and the
"deadweight tonnage" of cargo vessels (assumed to be the non-self-
propelled fleet) by 35 percent. 321/
On the basis of these statements the size of the inland
fleet of self-propelled vessels at the end of 1955 and construction
in the USSR during 1951755 are calculated in thousand horsepower as
follows:
Size
of Net Gross Total Soviet
Year Fleet Additions Retirements Additions Imports Construction
1950 9)910
1951-55 390 148 538 237 301
1955 1,300
Estimated imports from countries of the Sino-Soviet Bloc and
from non-Bloc countries are shown in Table 4.* Construction of self-
propelled vessels by the USSR for each year is shown in Table 5.**
The size of the inland fleet of non-self-propelled vessels at the end
of 1955 and construction during 1951-55 are calculated in thousand
deadweight tons cargo capacity as follows:
Size
of Net Gross Total Soviet
Year Fleet Additions -Retirements Additions Imports Construction
1950 6,800
1951-55 2,856 1,196 4,o52 563 3,489
1955 9,656
Construction of non-self-propelled vessels by the USSR for
each year is shown in Table 6.***
* Table 4 follows on p. 24.
** Table 5 follows on p. 25.
*** Table 6 follows on p. 26. (Text continued on p. 27.)
- 23 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 4
Estimated Imports of Inland Vessels by the USSR, by Country of Export
1950-60
Type of Vessel, by Country 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960
Self-propelled Thousand Horsepower
European Satellites and Communist China
Communist China 14.0 17.0 8.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Czechoslovakia 7.2 7.2 3.2 8.o 10.4 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8
East Germany 0 2.4 4.o 5.3 7.8 5.0 9.6 10.8 11.4 10.8 lo.8
Hungary 2.4 2.4 5.7 9.3 8.8 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2
Rumania 13.9 15.3 16.9 18.7 20.8 22.9 25.2 27.7 30.5 33.5 36.8
Total 37.5 44.3 37.8 41.3 47.8 .50.9 57.8 61.5 64.9 67.3 70.6
Finland 2/ 4.2 5.8 4.1 1.6 1.6 2.0 o 2.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
Grand total 41.8 50.1 41.9 42.9 49.4 2&2 57.8 64.1 T.?.,1 68.9 72.2
Non-self-propelled Thousand Deadweight Tons Cargo Capacity
European Satellites and Communist China
Communist China 12.0 13.0 14.0 10.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Czechoslovakia 2.4 2.4 7.2 3.0 14.6 16.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.8
Rumania 19.4 21.4 23.6 26.1 29.1 32.0 35.0 38.7 42.6 46.8 51.5
Total 33.8 36.8 44.8 39.1 43.7 143.8 53.8 57.5 61.4 65.6 70.3
Finland 2/ 65.o 80.o 94.0 66.o 6o.o 50.0 86.o 64.o 6o.o 6o.o 6o.o
Grand total 98.8 116.8 138.8 105.1 103.7 .98.8 139.8 121.5 121.4 125.6 130.3
a Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels to the USSR, and it
is assumed that Finland will continue to be the only such country.
- 24 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
la Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 5
Estimated Growth of the Inland Fleet of Self-Propelled Vessels
in the USSR
1950-60 2/
Thousand Horsepower
Year
Soviet Construction
Imports
Total
Imports
Cross Additions
to Fleet
Retirements
Net Additions
to Fleet
Size of Fleet 2/
From the European
Satellites and
Communist China
From Finland Y/
1950
48.9
37.5
4.2
41.7
90.6
28.6
62
910
1951
50.9
44.3
5.8
50.1
101.0
29.0
72
982
1952
53.4
37.8
4.1
41.9
95.3
29.3
66
1,048
1953
59.7
41.3
1.6
42.9
102.6
29.6
73
1,121
1954
64.6 _
47.8
1.6
49.4
114.0
30.0
84
1,205
1955
72.6
50.8
2.0
52.8
125.4
30.4
95
1,300
1956
84.0
57.8
0
57.8
141.8
30.9
111
1,411
1957
99.5
61.5
2.6
64.1
163.6
31.5
132
1,543
1958
115.1
64.9
1.6
66.5
181.6
32.1
150
1,693
1959
130.7
67.3
1.6
68.9
199.6
32.9
167
1,860
1960
141.2
70.6
1.6
72.2
213.4
33.7
180
2,040
h. No figures are available for 1946-49.
b. Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels to the USE. It is assumed that
Finland will continue to be the only such country.
c. In 1945 the self-propelled fleet of the USSR amounted to 610,000 horsepower.
-25-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 6
Estimated Growth of the Inland Fleet of Non-Self-Propelled Vessels
in the USSR
1950-60
Thousand Deadweight Tons Cargo Capacity
Year
Soviet Construction
Imports
Gross Additions
Steel
Wooden
Steel and Wooden
From the European
Satellites
From Finland 2/ Steel
Wooden
Steel and Wooden
Steel
Wooden
Total
1950
435.1
290.1
725.2
33.8
65.0
47.8
51.0
98.8
482.9
341.1
824.0
1951
469.0
261.0
730.0
36.8
80.0
68.8
48.0
116.8
537.8
309.0
846.8
1952
499.7
234.0
733.7
44.8
94.0
100.8
38.0
138.8
600.5
272.0
872.5
1953
514.4
210.6
725.0
39.1
66.0
79.1
26.0
105.1
593.5
236.6
830.1
1954
496.6
189.5
686.1
43.7
60.0
86.7
17.0
103.7
583.3
206.5
789.8
1955
443.5
170.6
614.1
48.8
50.0
91.8
7.0
98.8
535.3
177.6
712.9
1956
302.9
153.5
456.4
53.8
86.0
139.8
0
139.8
442.7
153.5
596.2
1957
216.8
138.2
355.0
57.5
64.0
121.5
0
121.5
338.3
138.2
476.5
1958
170.6
124.4
295.0
61.4
60.0
121.4
0
121.4
292.0
121.4
416.4
1959
148.0
112.0
260.0
65.6
60.0
125.6
0
125.6
273.6
112.0
285.6
1960
139.2
100.8
240.0
70.3
60.0
130.3
0
130.3
269.5
100.8
376.3
a. Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels to the USSR. It is assumed that
Finland will continue to be the only such country.
-26-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
d. Construction During 1956-60.
The Sixth Five Year Plan (1956-60) calls for the supply to
the inland fleet of towing and self-propelled freight vessels of
approximately 720,000 hp, non-self-propelled vessels totaling
2,245,000 dwtcc, and passenger ships with a total horsepower of
180,000. .3.5./ The total planned gross additions are then 900,000 hp
of self-propelled vessels and 2,245,000 dwtcc of non-self-propelled
vessels. The estimated size of the inland fleet of self-propelled
vessels at the end of 1960 and estimated construction in the USSR
during 1956-60 are calculated in thousand horsepower as follows:
Size
of Net Gross Total Soviet
Year Fleet Additions Retirements Additions Imports Construction
1955 1,300
1956-60 74o 160 900 330 570
1960 2,040
The estimated size of the fleet of non-self-propelled vessels
at the end of 1960 and estimated construction in the USSR during
1956-60 are calculated in thousand deadweight tons cargo capacity as
follows:
Size
of Net Gross Total Soviet
Year Fleet Additions Retirements Additions Imports Construction
1955 9,656
1956-60 1,068 1,177 2,245 639 1,606
1960 10,727
e. Composition of the Fleet and of Soviet Construction.
Inland vessels may be classified in numerous ways. To use
best the available data which are pertinent to the objectives of
this report the following classification has been used: self-pro-
pelled vessels (tugs and towboats, passenger vessels, and cargo
vessels) and non-self-propelled vessels (steel and wooden). The.
-27-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
composition of the inland fleet according to these classifications
is shown in Table 7.
Table 7
Estimated Composition of the Inland Fleet in the USSR
1950-60
Year
Self-Propelled Vessels
(Million Horsepower)
Non-Self-Propelled Vessels
(Million Deadweight Tons
Cargo Capacity)
Tug
Passenger
Cargo
Total 2/
Steel Wooden Total 2/
1950
0.54
0.18
0.18
0.91
2.9
3.9
6.8
1951
o.6o
0.19
0.20
0.98
3.4
4.o
7.4
1952
0.64
0.20
0.21
1.05
4.0
4.1
8.1
1953
0.68
0.21
0.22
1.12
4.5
4.1
8.6
1954
0.73
o.24
o.24
1.20
5.1
4.1
9.2
1955
0.77
0.26
0.27
1.30 2/
5.6
4.1
9.7
1956
0.82
0.28
0.31
1.41
6.o
4.o
10.0
1957
0.87
0.31
0.36
1.54
6.3
4.o
10.2
1958
0.92
0.34
0.43
1.69
6.5
3.9
10.4
1959
0.98
0.37
0.51
1.86
6.8
3.8
10.6
1960
1.04
0.40
0.60
2.04 2/
7.0
3.7
10.7
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may
not add to the totals shown.
b. Diesel propulsion accounted for approximately one-half of this
horsepower.
c. Sixty-seven percent of the vessels are planned to be diesel
propelled.
(1) Self-Propelled Vessels.
Based on compilations of about 1949 and 1954, the com-
position of the inland fleet of self-propelled vessels of the USSR in
1950 is estimated to have been as follows: tugs and towboats, 544,000
hp; passenger vessels, 182,000 hp; and cargo vessels, 184,000 hp. 16./
-28-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
IA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Because the gross additions to the fleet between the end
of World Wax II and 1950 were approximately 30 percent of the self-
propelled vessels and approximately 50 percent of the non-self-pro-
pelled vessels, it is reasonable to assume that the composition of
the fleet had reached, by 1950, what the USSR considered a proper
balance between tugs and barges. The ratio of the horsepower of
tugs to the deadweight tons cargo capacity of non-self-propelled
vessels existing at that time was 0.081. It is assumed therefore
that construction of tugs for 1951-55 was planned to maintain this
ratio. Such construction would be 25,100 hp per year. It was found
that during 1951-55 this ratio resulted in excessive demurrage for
non-self-propelled vessels and that the ratio should be increased. 3.7/
With this same rate of construction of tugs, 25,100 hp per year, the
ratio may become almost 0.1 by 1960. It is assumed, therefore, that
construction of tugs has remained and will remain constant at
25,100 hp per year.
There are more data for construction of inland passenger
vessels than for construction of inland tugs. From the gross addi-
tions planned for 1956-60 and the estimated imports of inland pas-
senger vessels, the expected average Soviet construction during
1956-60 is estimated at 15,600 hp per year. By 1955, construction
of inland passenger vessels had increased 1.87 times that of 1950. 2,./
On the assumptions that construction during 1958 of passenger vessels
totaling 15,600 hp was average for 1956-60 and that construction
would increase by a fixed amount each year during 1950-60, Soviet
construction of passenger vessels each year was estimated to be as
shown in Table 11.*
Soviet construction of self-propelled cargo vessels for
each year is obtained from the total construction of self-propelled
vessels expressed in horsepower minus the sum of construction of tugs
and passenger vessels expressed in horsepower. There is a rough
check available on the results of these assumptions. Soviet planners
called for 35 percent of the total cargo in 1960 to be carried in
self-propelled cargo vessels. The composition of the fleet of self-
propelled vessels derived from the foregoing assumption (see
Table 7**) shows that in 1960 the horsepower of self-propelled cargo
vessels in the inland fleet was 36.5 percent of the sum of the horse-
power of self-propelled cargo vessels plus the horsepower of tugs.
* P. 36, below.
** P. 28, above.
-29-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
:CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Published Soviet data give the number and power of certain
diesel engines and the percentage of the total number represented by
certain types of diesel engines in use in the inland fleet. 22/
These data imply that in 1955 there were about 5,200 diesels in use,
with an average of 158 hp for those listed, giving a total of 822,000 hp,
or 63 percent of the total estimated horsepower of the fleet. Because
some of the engines listed (the 2, the 4, and the 6 Ch) have such
low horsepower that they probably are used for auxiliaries rather
than for main propulsion, it appears that the total horsepower repre-
sented by diesel propulsion was actually below 63 percent. According
to another statement in the Soviet press the "deadweight tonnage" of
diesel vessels in the inland fleet of self-propelled vessels in-
creased from 19 percent of the total in 1940 to 43 percent of the
total in 1955. Because this latter statement is in terms of dead-
weight tons cargo capacity rather than horsepower, it does not give
a check on the data listed above. It appears, however, that diesel
propulsion represented roughly one-half of the total horsepower of
the fleet in 1955. Estimated construction, by type of vessel, is
shown in Table 11.*
(2) Non-Self-Propelled Vessels.
According to the Soviet press, wooden vessels represented
in 1949 considerably more than one-half of the inland fleet of non-
self-propelled vessels.110/ Other press reports state that new ad-
ditions to the fleet of non-self-propelled vessels in 1948 consisted
predominantly of steel vessels. Because of the lack of more specific
data it is assumed that wooden vessels constituted 60 percent of the
deadweight tons cargo capacity of the non-self-propelled fleet in 1949
and 4o percent of the deadweight tons cargo capacity of vessels con-
structed in the USSR in 1950. On the basis of these assumptions it
is estimated that at the end of 1950 the fleet of non-self-propelled
vessels consisted of steel vessels totaling 2,925,000 dwtcc and wooden
vessels totaling 3,875,000 dwtcc and that construction during 1950
consisted of steel vessels totaling 435,100 dwtcc and wooden vessels
totaling 290,100 dwtcc.
There is no specific information which will yield either
a breakdown of the non-self-propelled Soviet fleet or of Soviet con-
struction for this fleet subsequent to 1950. It is known, however,
that the USSR has been stressing construction of steel vessels as
* P. 36, below.
-30-
S-E-C-R-ErT
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
opposed to wooden vessels. Most of the available new barge designs
are for steel barges, and some shipyards have been converted from
construction of wooden vessels to that of steel vessels. It is be-
lieved, therefore, that the actual amount of construction of wooden
barges decreased during 1950-55. Soviet plans include reduced con-
struction of wooden barges during 1956-60,Ill/ and it is assumed
that this decrease will be 10 percent per year after 1950.
2. Costs and Prices.
Data on US prices of various types and sizes of inland vessels
constructed in 1955 were obtained from US shipbuilders. Data on
Soviet prices during 1955 were taken directly from a Soviet price
list. L42./ For self-propelled vessels the average costs in both
rubles and dollars per horsepower were used. Costs for non-self-
propelled vessels have a definite variation with the size of the
vessel. It is possible, therefore, to select the unit cost cor-
responding to those sizes estimated to be constructed in the USSR.
Table 8* summarizes the basic data used.
The estimate of construction does not classify self-propelled
cargo vessels or steel barges by dry and liquid cargo. It has
been necessary, therefore, to combine these costs into self-pro-
pelled cargo vessels and non-self-propelled steel barges as shown
in Table 9.** Because liquid cargo carried on the inland water-
ways in the USSR is about 25 percent of the total cargo (in the
US during 1956 it was 37 percent) a weighting of 1 for liquid cargo
and 3 for dry cargo was used in the derivation of these combined
prices. LW Because of the lack of any US data on prices of in-
land passenger vessels, none having been produced in the US in
recent years, it has been assumed that the price per horsepower
for this type is the same as that for dry cargo vessels of comparable
size.
* Table 8 follows on p. 33.
** Table 9 follows on p. 34.
-31-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
The quantity and value of construction of inland vessels in the
USSR during 1950-60 are shown in Table 10,* that of self-propelled
inland vessels in Table 11,** and of non-self-propelled vessels in
Table 12.*** The quantity and value of Soviet imports of inland
vessels from the European Satellites and Communist China, by type
of vessel, during 1950-60 are shown in Table 13**** and of self-
propelled inland vessels from the European Satellites and Communist
China in Table 14.t Soviet imports of inland vessels from Finland
during 1950-60 are shown in Table 15,tt of self-propelled inland
vessels from Finland in Table 16,ttt of non-self-propelled inland
vessels from Finland in Table 17.tttt All Soviet imports of inland
vessels (those from the European Satellites, Communist China, and
Finland) during 1950-60 are shown in Table 18,# of self-propelled
inland vessels in Table 19,## and of non-self-propelled inland
vessels in Table 20.###
Table
10 follows
**
Table
11
follows
***
Table
12
follows
****
Table
13
follows
t
Table
14
follows
tt
Table
15
follows
ttt
Table
16
follows
tttt
Table
17
follows
#
Table
18
follows
##
Table 19
follows
###
Table 20
follows
on p. 35.
on p. 36.
on p. 37.
on p. 38.
on p. 39.
on p. 4o.
on p. 41.
on p. 42.
on p. 43.
on p. 44.
on p. 45. (Text continued on p. 46.)
-32-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0 -
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 8
Data on Prices of Inland Vessels
in the US and in the USSR
1955
? '
Type of Vessel
US
USSR
Number
of
Samples
Range Estimate
of Price of Price
Number
of
Samples
Range
of Price
Estimate
of Price
1955 US $
per
Horsepower
1955 Rubles
per
Horsepower
Self-propelled
Tug
7
196 to 400 348
12
846 to 4,438
1,365
Passenger
0
527 a/
10
1,518 to 8,432
2,770
Dry cargo
5
250 to 1,300 626
4
1,373 to 4,488
3,052
Tanker
4
438 to 1,130 673
1
0
3,280
1955 US $
per Dead-
weight Ton Cargo Capacity
Non-self-propelled
1955 Rubles
per Dead-
weight Ton Cargo Capacity
Steel dry cargo
barge o 76W 14 480 to i,240 496
Steel tankers
barge 2 83 to 117 100 6 662 to 3,750 66o
Wooden barge N.A. N.A. 75 22 307 to 1,086 444
a. Derived on the assumption that the average price of the self-propelled passenger
vessels was the some as that for a self-propelled dry cargo vessel of the same size.
b. Derived on the assumption that the ruble-dollar ratio for these vessels was the
average ruble-dollar ratio for other non-self-propelled vessels.
- 33 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
b-E-C-H-E-T
Table 9
Weighted Figures on Prices of Inland Vessels
in the US and in the USSR
1955
US USSR
Unit Unit
Type of Vessel of Measure Price of Measure
Self-propelled
Tug 1955 US $ per 1955 rubles per
horsepower 348 horsepower
Passenger 1955 US $ per 1955 rubles per
horsepower 527 horsepower
Cargo 1955 US $ per 1955 rubles per
horsepower 637 horsepower
Non-self-propelled
Steel
Wooden
1955 US $ per 155 rubles per
deadweight ton deadweight ton
cargo capacity 82 cargo capacity
1955 US $ per 1955 rubles per
deadweight ton deadweight ton
cargo capacity 75 cargo capacity
- 34 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
1955
Ruble-Dollar
Ratio
Price
1,365
3.92
2,770
5.26
3,109
4.88
537
6.55
444
5.92
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 10
Estimated Quantity and Value of Construction
of Inland Vessels in the USSR
1950-60
Year
Self-Propelled Vessel
Non-Self-Propelled Vessel
Total Value
of Inland Vessels Et/
Ruble-Dollar
Ratio
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
1950
48.9
23
106
725.2
57
362
81
468
5.81
1951
50.9
24
112
730.0
58
368
82
480
5.82
1952
53.4
26
119
733.7
59
372
84
492
5.82
1953
59.7
30
138
725.0
58
370
88
508
5.80
1954
1955
64.6
72.6
33
38
153
178
686.1
614.1
55
49
351
314
88
87
504
492
5.75
5.66
Total,
1951-55
2/
301.2
150
701
3,488-9
279
1,774
429
2,475
1956
84.0
45
213
456.4
36
231
81
444
5.47
1957
99?5
55
261
355.0
28
178
83
438
5.30
1958
115.1
64
309
295.0
23
147
88
456
5.20
1959
1960
130.7
141.2
74
81
357
389
260.0
240.0
21
19
129
120
95
loo
486
509
5.13
5.10
Total,
1956-60
12/
570.5
112
1,528
1,606)4
121
804
446
2,333
5.23
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
- 35 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
o-E-U-E-E-11
Table 11
Estimated Quantity and Value
of Construction of Self-Propelled Inland Vessels in the USSR
1950-60
Tog
Passenger Cargo
Value
Value Value
Total El
Value
Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity
(Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million
Year Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horsepower) 1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
1950
25.1
9
34
6.5
3
18
17.3
11
54
48.9
23
106
1951
25.1
9
34
7.7
4
21
18.1
12
56
50.9
24
112
1952
25.1
9
34
8.8
5
24
19.5
12
61
55-4
26
119
1953
25.1
9
34
9.9
5
27
24.7
16
77
59.7
30
138
1954
25.1
9
34
11.1
6
31
28.4
18
88
64.6
33
153
1955
25.1
9
34
12.2
6
34
35.3
22
110
72.6
38
178
Total,
1951-55 a/
125.5
44
171
49.7
26
138
126.o
8o
392
301.2
150
701
1956
25.1
9
34
13.3
7
37
45.6
29
142
84.o
45
213
1957
25.1
9
34
14.5
8
4o
59.9
38
186
99.5
55
261
1958
25.1
9
34
15.6
8
43
74.4
47
231
115.1
64
309
1959
25.1
9
34
16.7
9
46
88.9
57
276
130.7
74
357
1960
25.1
9
34
17.9
9
50
98.2
63
305
141.2
81
389
Total,
1956-60 a/
125.5
44
171
78.o
41
216
367.o
234
1 141
570.5
319
1,528
a. Figures show reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
- 36 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 12
Estimated Quantity and Value of Construction
of Non-Self-Propelled Inland Vessels in the USSR
1950-60
Year
Steel
Wooden
Total W
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Corse Capacity)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tens Cargo Capacity)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 DS $ 1955 Rubles
1950
435.1
36
234
290.1
22
129
725.2
57
362
1951
469.0
38
252
261.0
20
116
730.0
58
368
1952
499.7
41
268
234.0
18
104
733-7
59
372
1953
514.4
42
276
210.6
16
94
725.0
58
370
1954
496.6
4o
267
189.5
14
84
686.1
55
351
1955
443.5
36
238
170.6
13
76
614.1
49
314
Total,
195155 Et./
2,423.2
122
1,301
1,o65.7
8o
473
3,488.9
?12
1,774
1956
502.9
25
163
153.5
12
68
456.4
36
231
1957
216.8
18
116
138.2
10
61
355.0
28
178
1958
170.6
14
92
124.4
9
55
295.0
23
147
1959
148.o
12
78
112.0
8
50
26o.o
21
129
1960
139.2
11
75
ioo.8
8
45
240.0
19
120
1956-60 ti
211J.
80
525
628.9
gI2
1,606.1*
127
8o4
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
-37-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 13
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland Vessels by the USSR
from the European Satellites and Communist China
1950-60
Year
Self-Propelled Vessel
Non-Self-Propelled Vessel
Total Value of Inland Vessels Pi
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Deadweight Tons
Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million ' Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles 1955 US $
Million
1955 Rubles
1950
37.5
14
57
33.8
3
18
17
76
1951
44.3
17
70
36.8
3
20
20
90
1952
37.8
14
61
44.8
4
24
18
85
1953
41.3
17
76
39.1
3
21
20
97
1954
47.8
19
87
43.7
4
23
23
111
1955
50.9
21
91
48.8
4
26
25
118
Total,
1951-55 2/
222.1
88
385
213.2
17
114
106
500
1956
57.8
24
108
53.8
4
29
28
136
1957
61.5
25
113
57.5
5
31
30
144
1958
64.9
26
119
61.4
5
33
31
152
1959
67.3
27
121
65.6
5
35
33
157
1960
70.6
28
126
70.3
6
38
34
164
Total,
1956-60 5/
322.1
131
587
308.6
25
166
156
753
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
- 38 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 : CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 14
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Self-Propelled Inland Vessels
by the USSR from the European Satellites and Communist China
1950-60
Year
Tug
Passenger
Cargo
Total 2/
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Million Million
3.955 us $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
3.955 us $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
14 57
17 70
14 61
17 76
19 87
21 91
88 112
24 108
25 113
26 119
27 121
28 126
2_tt
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
Total, 1951-55 .h./
156
1957
1958
1959
1960
Total, 1956-60 2/
33.9
38.3
31.3
27.5
32.0
35.7
164.8
12 46
13 52
11 43
10 38
11 44
12 49
21 211
13 52
14 55
15 59
16 63
17 68
o
2.4
6.5
13.8
15.8
13.8
al
17.5
21.0
21.6
21.0
2.1.0
102 1
o
2
3
7
8
7
28
9
la
11
11
11
o
7
18
38
44
38
1112
48
58
6o
58
58
222
3.6
3.6
o
o
o
1.4
la
2.3
o
o
o
o
2
2
o
o
o
1
2
1
o
o
o
o
B.
11
o
o
o
I.
16
7
o
o
o
o
37.5
44.3
37.8
41.3
47.8
50.9
222 1
38.0
40.5
43.3
46.3
49.6
217.7
57.8
61.5
64.9
67.3
70.6
laa
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals Shown.
-39-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 15
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland Vessels
by the USSR from Finland 2/
1950-60
Year
Self-Propelled Vessel 12/
Non-Self-Propelled Vessel
Total
Value of Inland Vessels 2/
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million
1955 US $
Million
1955 Rubles
Million Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles 1955 US $
Million
1955 Rubles
1950
4.2
1
6
65
5
30
6
36
1951
5.8
2
8
80
6
38
8
46
1952
4.1
1
6
94
7
47
9
53
1953
1.6
1
2
66
5
33
6
35
1954
1.6
1
2
60
5
31
5
33
1955
2.0
1
3
50
4
26
5
29
Total, 1951-55 2/
15.1
5
21
350
28
175
33
196
1956
0
0
o
86
7
46
7
46
1957
2.6
1
5
64
5
34
6
40
1958
1.6
1
2
60
5
32
5
34
1959
1.6
1
2
60
5
32
5
34
1960
1.6
1
2
60
5
32
5
34
Total, 1956-60 2/
7.4
2
12
330
27
177
29
189
a. Finland has been the only country
Finland will continue to be the only
b. No inland passenger vessels were,
c. shown reflect the rounding
of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels to the USSR, and it is assumed that
such country.
or are expected to be, imported from
of original data and may not add to
Figures
-4o-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Finland or any other country of the Free World.
the totals shown.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 16
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Self-Propelled Inland Vessels
by the USSR from Finland LI/
1950-60
Tug Cargo
Total DJ
Year
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand
Horsepower)
Value
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
4.2
5.8
4.1
1.6
1.6
2.0
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
8
6
2
2
3
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
4.2
5.8
4.1
1.6
1.6
2.0
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
8
6
2
2
3
Total,
1951-55 12/
15.1
15.1
2
21
1956
0
0
0
0
0
1957
1.6
1
2
1.0
1
3
2.6
1
5
1958
1.6
1
2
0
0
0
1.6
1
2
1959
1.6
1
2
0
0
1.6
1
2
1960
1.6
1
2
0
0
1.6
1
2
Total,
1956-60 b./
6.4
2
2.
1.0
7.4
2
12
a. Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting
Finland will continue to be the only such country. No inland passenger vessels
or any other country of the Free World.
b. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the
- 41 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
inland vessels to the USSR, and it is assumed that
were, or are expected to be, imported from Finland
totals shown.
' Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 17
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports
of Non-Self-Propelled Inland Vessels
by the USSR from Finland
1950-60
Steel
Wooden Total 12/
Year
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight.
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
CLAA-1Z4
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million Million
1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
1950
14.0
1 8
51.0
4
23
65
5
30
1951
32.0
3
17
48.o
4
21
8o
6
38
1952
56.o
5
30
38.0
3
17
94
7
47
1953
4o.o
3
22
26.0
2
12
66
5
33
1954
43.0
4
23
17.0
1
8
6o
5
31
1955
43.0
4
23
7.0
1
3
50
4
26
Total,
1951-55 bi
214.0
18
115
136.0
10
6o
350
28
175
1956
86.0
7
46
o
o
o
86
7
46
1957
64.o
5
34
o
o
o
64
5
34
1-958
6o.o
5
32
o
o
o
6o
5
32
1959
6o.o
5
32
o
o
o
6o
5
32
1960
6o.o
5
32
o
o
o
6o
5
32
Total,
1956-60 12/
330.0
27
177
0
0
0
330
in
a. Finland has been the only country of the Free World that has been exporting inland vessels to the USSR, and it is assumed that Finland will continue to
.be the only such country.
b. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
- 42 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 18
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports of Inland Vessels by the USSR
1950-60
Self-Propelled Vessel
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Million Million
Year Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
1950 41.7 16
1951 50.1 19
1952 41.9 16
1953 42.9 17
1954 49.4 20
1955 52.9 21
Total, 1951-55 2/ 237.2 93
1956 57.8 24
1957 64.1 26
1958 66.5 27
1959 68.9 28
1960 72.2 29
Total, 1956-60 2/ 329.5
134
63
78
66
78
90
94
406
108
119
121
124
128
222
Non- Self-Propelled Vessels
Quantity
(Thousand Dead-
weight Tons)
98.8
116.8
138.8
105.1
103.7
98.8
563.2
139.8
121.5
121.4
125.6
130.3
638.6
Value
Total Value of Inland Vessels
Million Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles 1955 US $
8
9
8
8
8
112
11
10
10
10
11
52
/48
58
71
54
54
52
290
75
65
65
67
70
23
28
27
26
28
29
13_2
35
36
37
38
4o
186
Million
1955 Rubles
112
136
137
132
144
146
696
183
184
186
191
198
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
-43-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 19
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports
of Self-Propelled 'Wand Vessels by the USSR
1950-60
Year
Tugboat Passenger Cargo Total 2/ ?
Value Value Value Value
Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity
(Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million (Thousand Million Million
Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horgepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horsepower) 1955 US $ 1955 Rubles Horsepower) 1955 us $ 1955 Rubles
1950
38.1
13
52
0
o
0
3.6
2
11
41.7
16
63
1951
44.1
15
6o
2.4
1
7
3.6
2
11
50.1
19
78
1952
35.4
12
48
6.5
3
18
0
0
0
41.9
16
66
1953
29.1
10
40
13.8
7
38
o
o
o
42.9
17
78
1954
33.6
12
46
15.8
8
44
0
0
0
49.4
20
90
1955
37.7
13
51
13.8
7
38
1.4
1
4
52.9
21
94
Total,
1951-55 2/
179.9
63
246
52.3
28
145
5.0
3
16
237.2
93
406
1956
38.0
13
52
17.5
9
48
2.3
1
7
57.8
24
Io8
1957
42.1
15
57
21.0
11
58
1.0
1
3
64.1
26
119
1958
44.9
16
61
21.6
ll
6o
o
0
0
66.5
27
121
1959
47.9
17
65
21.0
11
58
o
0
0
68.9
28
124
1960
51.2
18
70
21.0
11
58
o
o
o
72.2
29
128
Total,
1956-60 2/
224.1
78
306
102.1
54
283
112
10
329.5
134
599
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 20
Estimated Quantity and Value of Imports
of Non-Self-Propelled Inland Vessels by the USSR
1950-60
Year
Steel
Wooden
Total 2/
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Quantity
(Thousand Deadweight
Tons Cargo Capacity)
Value
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 US $ 1955 Rubles
Million Million
1955 Us $ 1955 Rubles
1950
47.8
I. 26
51
4
23
98.8
8
48
1951
68.8
6
37
48
4
21
116.8
9
58
1952
100.8
8
54
38
3
17
138.8
11
71
1953
79.1
6
42
26
2
12
105.1
8
54
1954
86.7
7
47
17
1
8
103.7
8
54
1955
91.8
8
49
7
1
3
98.8
8
52
Total,
1951-55 a/
427.2
22
332
1.1
10
6o
563.2
112
?.22
1956
139.8
11
75
0
0
0
139.8
11
75
1957
121.5
10
65
0
o
0
121.5
10
65
1958
121.4
10
65
0
0
o
121.4
10
65
1959
125.6
10
67
0
0
0
125.6
10
67
1960
130.3
II
70
o
o
o
130.3
II
70
Total,
1956-60 a/
638.6
1122
638.6
2
32.1$
a. Figures shown reflect the rounding of original data and may not add to the totals shown.
-45-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
? 3. Inputs.
a. General.
Input factors for construction of Soviet inland vessels have
been derived from Soviet sources on the basis of presently available
information. These factors, except in the case of labor, include all
inputs for both the shipyards and the plants constructing components.
Figures for labor represent only shipyard labor. Input factors and
input requirements for Soviet construction in 1955 are shown in
Table 21.*
b. Materials.
(1) Self-Propelled Vessels.
Detailed hull weights for each of several types and sizes
of Soviet inland tugs were classified by the principal basic materials
used in shipbuilding.211+1 The estimates of inputs were increased as
necessary to allow for waste. The result shows fairly constant in-
puts in terms of tons of material per ton of light ship displacement.
The ratio of tons of material per horsepower, however, is a variable,
and it was therefore necessary to assume an average horsepower. For
example, in the use of steel the tons per horsepower vary from
0.364 ton for 100 hp to 0.218 ton for 1,600 hp. The average size
selected as probably being representative of construction during
1955 was a tug of 600 hp, which shows an input of steel of 0.3182
ton per horsepower.
Soviet data on inland passenger vessels and cargo vessels
similar to that obtained for tugs were treated in a similar manner. L+2/
Because the classification into weight groups was not so detailed as
that given for tugs, some analogy with the inputs for tugs was neces-
sary in order to derive inputs for nonferrous materials.
(2) Non-Self-Propelled Vessels.
Input factors for materials for Soviet non-self-propelled
inland steel barges were derived directly from published Soviet data.
Analysis of US data showed agreement with the factors derived from
Soviet sources. Similar to the inputs for self-propelled vessels,**
* Table 21 follows on p. 47.
** Continued on p. 49.
-46-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 21
Input Factors and Quantity of Inputs for Inland Vessels Constructed in the USSR al*
1955
Input Factor
Self-Propelled Vessel
Non-Self-Propelled
Vessel
Quantity of Input
Self-Propelled Vessel
Non-Self-Propelled
Vessel
Material
Tug
Ek2mmEn?
Metric Tone
per
Horsepower
Cargo
Steel Barge Wooden Barge
Cao
Steel Barge
Wooden Barge
Total
Metric Tons
per Dead-
weight Ton Cargo Capacity
Thousand MetriC Tons
Steel
Carbon steel
0.2127
0.3407
0.3407
0.15
0.0126
5
4
12
67
2
90
Alloy steel
0.1055
0.0379
0.0379
Negligible
Negligible
3
0.5
1.3
Negligible
Negligible
5
Total
0.3182
0.3786
0.3786
0.15
0.0126
8
2
22
Cast iron
0.1041
0.1161
0.1161
Negligible
Negligible
2
1.4
4.1
Negligible
Negligible
8
Copper and
copper base
alloys
0.0142
0.0250
0.0250
0.000023
0.000023
0.4
0.3
0.9
Negligible
Negligible
1.6
Aluminum
0.0062
0.0110
0.0110
Negligible
Negligible
0.2
0.1
0.4
Negligible
Negligible
0.7
Lead
0.0040
0.0085
0.0085
Negligible
Negligible
0.1
0.1
0.3
Negligible
Negligible
0.5
Tin
0.0009
0.0019
0.0019
Negligible
Negligible
0.02
0.02
0.07
Negligible
Negligible
0.11
Zinc
0.0024
0.0050
0.0050
Negligible
Negligible
0.06
o.o6
0.18
Negligible
Negligible
0.30
Rubber
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
Negligible
Negligible
Negligible
Negligible
o.008
Negligible
Negligible
0.01
Nickel and
-miscellaneous
metals
0.0032
0.0052
0.0052
Negligible
Negligible
0.08
0.06
0.18
Negligible
Negligible
0.33
Lumber
0.0438
0.230
0.230
0.083
0.449
1
3
8.1
37
77
126
* Footnotes for Table 21 follow on p. 48.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S -E -C -R -E -T
Table 21
Input Factors and Quantity of Inputs for Inland Vessels Constructed in the USSR 2/
1955
(Continued)
Material
Power 12/
Labor
Input Factor
Self-Propelled Vessel
Tug Passenger Cargo
Equivalent Kilowatt-Hours
per
Horsepower
43o 570 570
Man-Years
per
Horsepower
0.0745 0.106 o.o664
Non-Self-Propelled
Vessel
Steel Barge Wooden Barge
Equivalent Kilowatt-Hours
per Dead-
weight Ton Cargo Capacity
220 130
Man-Years
per Dead-
weight Ton Cargo Capacity
Quantity of Input
Self-Propelled Vessel
Non-Self-Propelled
Vessel
Tug Passenger Cargo Steel Barge Wooden Barge Total
Million Equivalent Kilowatt-Hours
11
7
20
Man-Years
98
22
158
0.0177
0.040 1,900
1,300 2,300 7,500
6,800 20,200
a. Inputs include the requirements of both the shipyards and the manufacturers of components except in the case of labor. Labor includes
only direct labor in shipyards increased by 20 percent to allow for indirect labor in shipyards.
b. Including not only electric power but also all inputs of other power and fuel, measured in equivalent kilowatt-hours.
-48-
S -E -C -R -E -T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26: CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
these inputs vary with the size of the vessel. The size of a steel
barge assumed to be average and typical of construction during 1955
was 1,000 dwtcc.
Published Soviet data were used to obtain input factors
for non-self-propelled inland barges. 1E/ The factor for the prin-
cipal input, wood, allows 35 percent for waste.
c. Power.
Previous studies of requirements for power in construction
of Soviet inland vessels generally have listed electric power and
fuel as separate inputs. Because most fuel in a shipyard is used
to produce electric power and because the ratio of electric power
generated in a shipyard to that obtained from outside varies for each
shipyard, it is possibly more logical to consider these items as
being combined into the single item, equivalent kilowatt-hours
(kwh). An analysis of studies of various countries and of various
shipyards has shown this reasoning to be valid. Studies of factors
for converting tons of fuel to equivalent kwh in the shipbuilding
industries of the USSR, East Germany, and the US show that the
requirements for power in construction of self-propelled steel
vessels is about 1,300 kwh per ton of steel. Ei
Because of the lack of data on power required for construc-
tion of wooden vessels and wooden components, input factors for
wooden vessels have been based on the relationship between require-
ments for labor and for power. An analysis of US requirements for
labor during World War II shows that the man-hours per ton of wood
used in construction of wooden vessels equal approximately one-half
of the man-hours per ton of steel used in construction of steel
vessels. !IV It is known that consumption of power per man working
in construction of wooden vessels is less than that per man work-
ing in construction of steel vessels. Although the exact propor-
tion is unknown, it is assumed that the ratio is the same as that
for man-hours per ton of wood used to man-hours per ton of steel
used (0.5). The two ratios, combined with the input of power for
construction of steel vessels, give an input factor of 320 kwh per
dwtcc of wooden self-propelled vessels and 130 kwh per dwtcc of
wooden non-self-propelled vessels.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
S-E-C-R-E-T
d. Labor.
Input factors for labor used in construction of steel vessels
are derived directly from published Soviet figures. 22/ On the
basis of specific cases the requirements for labor on serially con-
structed vessels has been taken as 80 percent of that required for
construction of a single vessel. Because Soviet data give the re-
quirements for direct labor only, these requirements have been
increased 20 percent to allow for indirect labor. Input factors
for labor used in construction of wooden barges are derived from
data on construction of wooden barges in the US during World
War II. 21/
- 50-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
.40
Next 3 Page(s) In Document Denied
e
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0
SECRET
SECRET
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/26 :
CIA-RDP79R01141A000900180002-0 _