MAPPING, CHARTING, AND GEODESY REQUIREMENTS FOR (Sanitized)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79B01709A000500030004-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 25, 2004
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: June 2, 1966
• Content Type: MF

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2 June 1966
MEMORANDUM FOR: COMOR Mapping, Charting, and
Geodesy Working Group
SUBJECT: Mapping, 'Charting, and Geodesy
Requirements for
1. The attached draft of mapping, charting, and geodesy
requirements for. covert satellite reconnaissance systems has been
prepared by the Chairman. Present intentions are to place this draft
on the agenda of the next Working Group meeting, which will be held
on Monday, 13 June, at 1400. It is hoped that members will come
prepared to submit corrections or additions as appropriate at that time.
2. Members will be advised of additional agenda items as
necessary.
ham
COMOR MCG Working Group
Attachment:
Subject paper
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DIA TCO
DIA TCO
Army TC (Mr. Matthews)
Navy TCO (Mr. Wolf)
Air Force TCO (Mr. Eldridge)
CIA Memberl
NRO (
NPIC
State TCO (Mr. Moyer)
NSA TCO
CIA COM ember
Ch/PWG
Ch/MCGWG
GROUP I
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NRO review(s) completed.
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MEMORANDUM FOR: United States Intelligence Board
SUBJECT: Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy
Requirements for
Introduction
1. Mapping, charting, and geodesy disciplines are currently
being revolutionized as a result of:
a. Increasing U. S. needs for mapping,
charting, and g-odetic information in support of
both existing and new weapons systems and other
changing military requirements.
b. The receipt of large quantities of data
from th~ KH-4, atellite programs
that can be applied against these increasing requirements.
c. The potential for achieving a significantly
improved world-wide geodetic system by use of overt
geodetic satellite programs
Technological advances achieved in the use
of data derived from satellite programs.
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e. Substantially complete coverage of the Sino-
Soviet bloc and approximately 9. 4 million square miles
outside this area that has been obtained by present satellite
collection programs (Although this coverage can be used to
produce maps and charts, its value is marginal in that it
does not meet all mapping and charting accuracy criteria).
Requirements
2. Against this background of both extensive and changing
needs and the fact that we have acquired and expect to acquire large
volumes of data useful in meeting many of our anticipated requirements,
it is necessary to establish current and. future requirements for
mapping, charting, and geodesy to be fulfilled by covert satellite
collection systems. These requirements which relate directly to U.S.
military needs insofar as they can be predicted through 1972 fall into
two classes as follows:
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:Furthermore, since these
missiles will employ low-angle :re-entry warheads, target
elevations throughout the Sino-Soviet bloc must be accurate
again relative to the
World Geodetic System. It is currently estimated that data
derived fro aterials, which cover 44 million
square miles of the 56 million required, are providing
It is further estimated
that by 1970, refined horizontal accuracies of
feet can be compiled. These
accuracies will be possible through mathematical refinement
combining the covert
products with data from the
overt U. S. National Geodetic Satellite Program, with its
world primary triangulation network, plus necessary filling
in on gaps in
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confidently expect that our geodetic requirements relative
to the World Geodetic System will be satisfied without
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Mapping and Charting Requirements.
Horizontal and vertical control accuracies with 90 per cent
assurance for maps and charts at various scales are set
forth below:
Horizontal Accuracy
Vertical Accuracy
(Including Datum
Degradation)
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Large Scale Topo
Maps at 1:50, 000
Medium Scale Maps
at 1:250, 000
Medium Scale Charts
at 1:200, 000
Photogrammetric
to Regional and Local
Bases
Significant Features
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Justification for Accuracies and the Degree to Which
Present Collection Systems are Meeting Requirements
3. The accuracies required for large scale topographic maps
are commensurate with the capabilities incorporated in advanced-
design tube artillery. These designs will assure that effective lethal
fire is delivered on initial salvo if maps used to establish trajectories
provide precise target and position data. Present reconnaissance
systems are not meeting either the horizontal or vertical accuracy
criteria. The improved KH-4, expected to be launched in July 1967,
will provide accuracies meeting the horizontal requirement, and the
4. The requirements for medium scale maps are based on
their use as a substitute for large scale topographic maps in laying
down tube artillery fire. Although medium scale maps are employed
in many other different ways, none of their uses is as demanding in
accuracy as the part they play as substitutes for large scale maps.
Medium scale aeronautical. charts require essentially the same
accuracies as topographic maps of similar scale. The increased
vertical accuracy, as compared with topographic maps, is needed to
prepare radar predictions for all-weather, low level penetration of
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tactical and strategic aircraft.
5. Requirements for relative accuracies of photogrammetric
control points relative to regional and local control have been
established in order to permit the orderly production of contiguous
maps and charts and to satisfy the accuracy requirements of weapons
with ranges up to 500 miles. Present systems are meeting the
horizontal accuracy requirement, and it is estimated that
Photographic Resolution and
Accuracy of Significant Features
6. In addition to the requirements for horizontal and vertical
accuracies listed above, map and chart production also requires that
certain details, especially those relating to the height of man-made
objects and to the height and shape of significant features, be portrayed
accurately. Furthermore, it has been determined that a ground
resolution of uis sufficient for these details.
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Timeliness of Photogra hic Collection
7. Since map and chart production is a vve-ry time-consuming
process, it is essential that an adequate data bank of photographic
coverage and regional and local photogramitietric positioning information
be obtained well in advance of military contingencies that may arise
anywhere in the world and could require the production of medium
l
and large scale maps and charts on an emergency basis., We are
presently employing both the KH-4
Suggestions for Future Research and Development
8. Opportunities to enhance efficiencies and ease in using
data from satellite reconnaissance systems for mapping and charting
have been discussed with NRO representatives, but design potentials
are not clearly predictable at this time. A number of technical
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proposals could be met in more than one way, although solutions might
require certain trade-offs. Suggestions which we have submitted are
as follows:
a. Inclusion of a six- or eight-inch focal,length
index (terrain) camera in the KEi-4 or similar stereo
panoramic system, with at least a three-inch focal length
for the stellar camera, will provide an acquisition system
capable of directly providing the precise geometry needed
to meet all medium scale map and chart accuracy require-
ments. Since the six- or eight-.inch focal length would not
fulfill the accuracy requirements for large scale maps,
possible ways to include a still longer focal length for the
index camera should be considered.
b. In order to use a longer focal length index
camera more efficiently in data reduction, improvements
to present stellar index systems are required. Were these
accomplished, more accurate determinations of vehicle
attitude could be made. Modifications accomplished should
permit vehicle attitude to be determined to within five arc
seconds (one sigma).
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c. There are possible improvements which, if
added to existing systems or incorporated into advanced
systems, could make map production more efficient and
would provide easier methods for direct incorporation of
satellite data into finished maps.
Recommendations
10. It is recommended that:
a.
requirements
The NRO,
further to geodetic
I-.sine basic world-wide geodetic
ng satisfied don--Vnuo ert a` respond
requirements only if covert systems can
achieve accuracies greater than presently required and
permit savings in other geodetic programs.
b, The NRO, in conjunction with technical
representatives of the mapping and charting community,
continue to study the problem of improving the cost-
effectiveness of covert satellite photography in the production
of maps and charts and to consider adoption of such
improvements in system designs that do not reult. k
detrimental effects on the primary intelligence mission
performed by covert satellite reconnaissance.
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c. Present efforts to obtain photographic material
of non-denied areas for the mapping and charting data bank be
continued with the present KH-4 and with the improved KH-4
when it becomes operational.
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