CHINA: ECONOMIC INDICATORS

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• Release Decision: RIPPUB
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• Document Page Count: 58
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 17, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 1, 1977
• Content Type: REPORT

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()reign
Assessment
Center
China:
Economic Indicators
A Reference Aid
State Dept. review completed
ER 77-10508
October 1977
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Note: As a result of a reorganization, effective II October 1977,
intelligence publications formerly issued by the Directorate of Intelligence
are now being issued by the National Foreign Assessment Center.
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
China: Economic Indicators
Central Intelligence Agency
National Foreign Assessment Center
October 1977
This handbook, which is the third in an annual series, brings together
economic estimates for the People's Republic of China, a country which has
not released economic statistics systematically since 1960:
Abbreviations used in the charts and statistical tables follow:
b/d barrels per day
bil billion
dwt deadweight ton
hp horsepower
kg kilogram
km kilometer
kW kilowatt
kWh kilowatt-hour
LSD light ship displacement
m meter
m' cubic meter
mil million
th thousand
Indicates no estimate is
available.
iii
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CONTENTS
Page
Selected Economic Indicators 1
Indicators of Aggregate Performance 2
Population 6
Agriculture 10
Industry 14
Energy 26
Minerals and Metals 30
Transportation 32
Foreign Trade 36
Indicators of Consumer Welfare 42
Recent Publications of Interest 44
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Table 1
China: Selected Economic Indicators
GNP (bil 1976 US $)
1952
87
1957
122
1965
165
1970
231
1971
247
1972
258
1973
292
1974
302
1975
323
1976
324
Population, midyear (mil per-
sons)
570
640
750
840
860
880
899
917
935
951
Per capita GNP (1976 US $)
153
190
220
275
287
294
325
330
346
340
Agricultural production index
(1957 = 100)
83
100
104
127
130
126
142
146
148
148
Total grain (mil metric tons)
161
191
194
243
246
240
266
275
284
285
Cotton (mil metric tons)
1.3
1.6
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.1
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.3
Hogs (mil head)
58
115
168
226
251
261
261
280
Industrial production index
(1957 = 100)
48
100
199
316
349
385
436
455
502
502
Producer goods index
(1957 = 100)
39
100
211
350
407
452
513
536
602
Machinery index (1957 = 100)
33
100
257
586
711
795
930
992
1,156
Electric generators (mil kW)
Negl
0.3
0.8
...
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.6
5.5
Machine tools (th units)
13.7
28.3
45.0
70.0
75.0
75.0
80.0
80.0
90.0
Tractors (th 15-hp units)
0
0
23.9
79.0
114.6
136.0
166.0
150.0
180.0
190.9
Trucks (th units)
0
7.5
30.0
70.0
86.0
100.0
110.0
121.0
133.0
Locomotives (units)
20
167
50
435
455
475
495
505
530
Freight cars (th units)
5.8
7.3
6.6
12.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
16.8
18.5
Merchant ships (th metric tons)
6.1
46.4
50.6
121.5
148.0
164.6
209.4
288.4
313.6
318.8
Other producer goods index
(1957 = 100)
41
100
200
294
336
371
415
429
472
Electric power (bil kWh)
7.3
19.3
42.0
72.0
86.0
93.0
101.0
108.0
121.0
Coal (mil metric tons)
66.5
130.7
220.0
310.0
335.0
356.0
377.0
389.0
427.0
448.0
Crude oil (mil metric tons)
0.4
1.5
11.0
28.2
36.7
43.1
54.8
65.8
74.3
83.6
Crude steel (mil metric tons)
1.3
5.4
12.5
17.8
21.0
23.0
25.5
23.8
26.0
23.0
Chemical fertilizer (mil metric
tons)
0.2
0.8
7.6
14.0
16.8
19.8
24.8
24.9
27.9
...
Cement (mil metric tons)
2.9
6.9
16.3
26.6
31.0
38.1
41.0
37.3
47.1
49.3
Timber (mil in8)
11.2
27.9
27.2
29.9
30.7
33.2
34.2
35.2
36.2
Paper (mil metric tons)
0.6
1.2
3.6
5.0
5.1
5.6
6.0
6.5
6.9
Consumer goods index
(1957 = 100)
60
100
183
272
272
295
334
347
368
Cotton cloth (bil linear meters)
3.8
5.0
6.4
7.5
7.2
7.3
7.6
7.6
7.6
Wool cloth (mil linear meters)
4.2
18.2
65.2
Processed sugar (mil metric
tons)
0.5
0.9
1.5
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.2
2.2
2.3
Bicycles (mil units)
0.1
0.8
1.8
3.6
4.0
4.3
4.9
5.2
5.5
...
Foreign trade (bil current US $)
1.9
3.0
3.8
4.3
4.7
5.9
10.1
14.0
14.4
12.9
Exports, fob.
0.9
1.6
2.0
2.0
2.4
3.1
5.0
6.6
7.0
6.9
Imports, c.i.f.
1.0
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.8
5.1
7.4
7.4
6.0
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ate Performance
i
-
ss anional Product
i
t i
L
i
i
t
,C,?
gncurtural Production
2
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Table 2A
China: Indicators of Aggregate Performance
Gross National
Index: 1957 = 100
Average Annual Rates of Growth'
(Percent)
Agricultural
Industrial
Product
(Bil 1976 US $)
Production
Production
1949 1952
1957
1965
1970
1975
1949
51
54
20
Gross National Product
1950
63
64
27
1951
74
71
38
1952 19
1952
87
83
48
1957 12
7
1953
93
83
61
1965 8
5
4
1954
97
84
70
1970 7
6
5
7
1955
106
94
73
1975 7
6
6
7
7
1956
115
97
88
1976 7
6
5
6
6
Negl
1957
122
100
100
1958
145
108
142
Agricultural Production
1959
138
84
173
1960
134
74
181
1952 15
1961
106
79
105
1957 8
4
1962
118
89
111
1965 4
2
Negl
1963
132
96
134
1970 4
2
2
4
1964
149
103
161
1975 4
3
2
4
3
1965
165
104
199
1976 4
2
3
3
3
0
1966
185
113
232
1967
178
118
202
Industrial Production
1968
179
110
221
1969
199
113
266
1952 34
1970
231
127
316
1957 22
16
1971
247
130
349
1965 15
12
9
1972
258
126
385
1970 14
11
9
10
1973
292
142
436
1975 13
11
9
10
10
1974
302
146
455
1976 13
10
9
9
8
0
1975
323
148
502
1976
324
148
502
1 The years across are base years; the years down are end-of-period years.
3
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4-064iVaAiDIVUW
Figure 1E3
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Table 2B
China: Indicators of Aggregate Performance
1949
1950
Index: 1957 = 100
Foreign
(Bil Current
Trade
US $)
Average Annual Rates of Growth
(Percent)
Construction
Activity
13
21
Modern
Transport
Performance
16
27
Exports,
fob.
0.4
0.6
Imports,
c.i.f.
0.4
0.6
1949 1952
Construction Activity
1957
1965
1970
1975
1951
32
31
0.8
1.1
1952 47
1952
41
39
0.9
1.0
1957 29 20
1953
53
49
1.0
1.3
1965 18 12
8
1954
72
62
1.1
1.3
1970 .? 15 11
8
8
1955
73
65
1.4
1.7
1975 14 10
8
8
9
1956
110
87
1.6
1.5
1957
100
100
1.6
1.4
Modern Transport Performance
1958
149
148
1.9
1.8
1959
173
201
2.2
2.1
1952 35
1960
161
196
2.0
2.0
1957 26 21
1961
102
132
1.5
1.5
1965 16 12
7
1962
92
136
1.5
1.2
1970 14 11
7
7
1963
116
148
1.6
1.2
1975 13 10
8
8
9
1964
140
156
1.8
1.5
1965
182
172
2.0
1.8
Foreign Trade: Exports
1966
197
192
2.2
2.0
1967
157
161
1.9
2.0
1952 31
1968
202
170
1.9
1.8
1957 19 12
1969
230
203
2.0
1.8
1965 11 6
3
1970
266
245
2.0
2.2
1970 8 5
2
0
1971
300
286
2.4
2.3
1975 12 9
9
13
28
1972
351
302
3.1
2.8
1976 11 9
8
12
23
-1
1973
369
326
5.0
5.1
1974
335
340
6.6
7.4
Foreign Trade: Imports
1975
404
372
7.0
7.4
1976
6.9
6.0
1952 36
1957 17 7
1965 10 5
3
1970 8 4
4
4
1975 12 9
10
15
27
1976 11 8
8
12
18
-19
'The years across are base years; the years down are end-of-period years.
5
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Table 3
China: Estimated Population, By Age and Sex '
1 July 1977
Total
Th Persons
Males
Females
Percent Distribution
Total Males Females
Males per
Hundred
Females
All ages
965,937
485,579
480,358
100
100
100
101.1
0-4
121,548
61,760
59,788
12.58
12.72
12.45
103.3
5-9
128,075
64,906
63,169
13.26
13.37
13.15
102.7
10-14
111,946
56,624
55,322
11.59
11.66
11.52
102.4
15-19
99,458
50,116
49,342
10.30
10.32
10.27
101.6
20-24
95,500
48,152
47,348
9.89
9.92
9.86
101.7
25-29
77,307
39,165
38,142
8.00
8.07
7.94
102.7
30-34
60,203
30,821
29,382
6.23
6.35
6.12
104.9
35-39
52,718
27,013
25,705
5.46
5.56
5.35
105.1
40-44
49,246
25,126
24,120
5.10
5.17
5.02
104.2
45-49
42,683
21,373
21,310
4.42
4.40
4.44
100.3
50-54
35,536
17,473
18,063
3.68
3.60
3.76
96.7
55-59
28,888
13,862
15,026
2.99
2.85
3,13
92.3
60-64
23,047
10,940
12,107
2.39
2.25
2.52
90.4
65-69
17,507
8,239
9,268
1.81
1.70
1.93
88.9
70-74
11,928
5,496
6,432
1.23
1.13
1.34
85.4
75 and over
10,347
4,513
5,834
1.07
0.93
1.21
77.4
'These estimates were prepared by the US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
Foreign Demographic Analysis Division.
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Table 4
China: Estimated and Projected Population and Vital Rates '
Th Persons as of 1 July
Population
Distribution Among Main
Age Groups
Vital Rates per
Th Persons
Under 15
15-64
65 and
Over
Natural
Increase
Births
Deaths
1949
537,918
200,105
322,751
15,062
12.0
45.4
33.4
1950
547,364
205,809
326,229
15,326
13.5
45.4
31.9
1951
558,096
211,518
330,393
16,185
15.1
45.3
30.2
1952
569,904
218,273
335,104
16,527
18.0
45.2
27.2
1953
582,603
225,237
340,102
17,264
22.5
45.0
22.5
1954
596,064
232,571
345,559
17,934
23.1
44.1
21.0
1955
610,201
240,344
351,185
18,672
23.8
43.1
19.4
1956
625,004
248,608
356,940
19,456
24.2
42.6
18.5
1957
640,024
256,961
362,799
20,264
23.3
41.3
18.0
1958
654,727
264,902
368,747
21,078
22.1
40.2
18.1
1959
668,930
272,385
374,679
21,866
20.8
40.1
19.3
1960
682,091
279,088
380,427
22,576
18.2
39.9
21.7
1961
693,624
284,439
386,003
23,182
15.4
39.1
23.7
1962
705,486
289,460
392,192
23,834
18.5
37.7
19.2
1963
719,301
295,219
399,458
24,624
20.3
37.6
17.4
1964
734,359
301,061
407,812
25,486
21.2
37.2
16.0
1965
750,394
306,725
417,258
26,411
22.0
36.5
14.4
1966
766,946
312,174
427,403
27,369
21.6
36.2
14.6
1967
784,017
317,451
438,222
28,344
22.4
36.2
13.8
1968
801,983
322,723
449,907
29,353
22.9
36.3
13.4
1969
820,733
328,124
462,221
30,388
23.3
36.3
12.9
1970
840,148
333,851
474,837
31,460
23.4
35.7
12.3
1971
859,927
339,626
487,741
32,560
23.1
34.9
11.8
1972
879,520
345,184
500,654
33,682
22.0
33.5
11.6
1973
898,695
350,551
513,305
34,839
21.2
32.0
10.8
1974
917,256
355,291
525,933
36,032
19.7
30.0
10.2
1975
934,626
358,735
538,642
37,249
17.8
27.6
9.8
1976
950,744
360,794
551,453
38,497
16.4
25.5
9.1
1977
965,937
361,569
564,586
39,782
15.3
24.1
8.8
1978
980,417
360,967
578,361
41,089
14.4
23.0
8.6
1979
994,332
359,136
592,782
42,414
13.7
22.1
8.4
1980
1,007,858
356,497
607,601
43,760
13.3
21.5
8.2
1985
1,075,999
335,887
689,213
50,899
13.2
21.1
7.9
1990
1,151,665
320,873
771,480
59,312
14.0
21.9
7.9
1995
1,237,029
340,759
827,122
69,148
14.5
22.7
8.1
2000
1,328,645
375,343
872,993
80,309
13.7
22.0
8.3
These estimates
Foreign Demographic
8
were prepared by the US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
Analysis Division.
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 5
China: Population By Province '
Th Persons as of 1 July
1953
1958
1965
1970
1975
1976
Total
582,603
654,727
750,394
840,148
934,626
950,744
Northeast
Liaoning
22,269
26,638
32,403
37,811
43,504
44,474
Kirin
12,609
14,396
17,177
19,786
22,532
23,000
Heilungkiang
12,681
16,220
21,320
26,104
31,141
32,000
North
Hopeh
33,181
36,599
41,428
47,304
54,032
55,193
Shansi .
14,314
16,128
18,349
20,432
22,626
23,000
Inner Mongolia
3,532
4,478
5,778
6,998
8,281
8,500
Peking
4,591
6,193
7,730
8,277
8,460
8,490
Tientsin
4,622
5,416
6,386
6,846
7,180
7,226
Shantung
50,134
55,989
63,257
70,076
77,253
78,478
East
Kiangsu
38,329
42,759
48,523
54,195
60,403
61,504
Anhwei
30,663
33,833
37,442
40,828
44,392
45,000
Chekiang .... ..........
22,866
25,536
28,918
32,090
35,430
36,000
Kiangsi
16,773
18,868
22,271
25,465
28,826
29,400
Fukien ...... .... ......
13,143
14,873
17,823
20,590
23,503
24,000
Shanghai.... ..........
8,808
9,888
10,966
11,712
12,260
12,312
Central-South
Honan .
43,911
48,795
54,829.
60,491
66,451
67,468
Hupeh
27,790
31,102
35,221
39,086
43,155
43,848
Hunan ............
33,227
36,526
40,563
44,351
48,338
49,018
Kwangtung
34,770
37,233
42,684
47,798
53,182
54,100
Kwangsi ..
19,561
21,660
24,776
27,698
30,775
31,300
Southwest
Szechwan
65,685
72,827
81,634
89,898
98,596
100,080
Kweichow
15,037
17,060
19,302
21,407
23,622
24,000
Yunnan
17,473
19,312
22,120
24,754
27,527
28,000
Tibet.. ...... ........
1,274
1,342
1,458
1,566
1,680
1,700
Northwest
Shensi
15,881
18,318
20,800
23,130
25,582
26,000
Kansu
11,291
13,005
15,200
17,258
19,425
19,795
Tsinghai
1,677
2,093
2,664
3,199
3,762
3,858
Sinkiang
4,874
5,744
7,119
8,410
9,768
10,000
Ninghsia
1,637
1,896
2,253
2,588
2,940
3,000
'These estimates were prepared by
Foreign Demographic Analysis Division.
the US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
All figures reflect post-1971 boundaries and are thus comparable.
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
China: Agricultural Regions
Figure 3
--$oring h
Indian
claim
Chinese.. ss
line of %.
control
I.
Whea
oliang-
ver) Corn
.5x
tiovy
io.fts
DOjc
Shanghai.
EP ? giat
an
tei1411
. Lhasa
Riceffea;
Percent in cultivation
0 10 30
culijvc'aqed J 1
573487 7-77
10
Agricultural region boundary
Zou we,s ern
ieun-ming.
0 Kilometers 500
Approved I-or Re1ease-202M 611-TM1A=RDP790:111457A01:10 ruin 201)01 -3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 6
China: Production of Major Agricultural Commodities
Mil Metric Tons
Grain'
Cotton
Raw Sugar
1949
111
0.4
0.198
1950
130
0.7
1951
141
1.0
1952
161
1.3
0.531
1953
164
1.2
1954
166
1.1
1955
180
1.5
1956
188
1.5
...
1957
191
1.6
0.832
1958
206
1.7
1959
171
1.2
1960
156
0.9
1961
168
0.8
1962
180
1.0
1963
190
1.2
1964
194
1.7
1965
194
1.9
1.4
1966
215
1.8
1.4
1967
225
1.9
1.6
1968
210
1.8
1.4
1969
215
1.8
1.4
1970
243
2.0
1.6
1971
246
2.2
1.4
1972
240
2.1
1.6
1973
266
2.5
1.9
1974
275
2.5
1.8
1975
284
2.3
1976
285
2.3
Grain includes soybeans and converts potatoes to a grain equivalency by taking one-fifth of their
actual weight.
Table 7
China: Number of Livestock
Mil Head
Sheep and Goats
Hogs
Draft
Animals
Total
Sheep
Goats
1949
60
42
26
16
58
1957
83
99
54
45
115
1962
72
110
126
1965
...
168
1970
226
1971
94
143
251
1972
95
147
261
1974
261
1976
160
96
64
280
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 8A
China: Selected Inputs to the Agricultural Sector
Supply of Chemical Fertilizers'
(Th Metric Tons)
Production
Total
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
Imports
1949
5
5
0
0
0
1950
34
14
0
0
20
1951
67
27
0
0
40
1952
79
39
0
0
40
1953
133
53
0
0
80
1954
205
69
0
0
136
1955
243
84
1
0
158
1956
401
117
14
0
270
1957
429
137
22
0
270
1958
626
202
64
0
360
1959
639
275
94
0
270
1960
710
345
150
0
215
1961
589
280
84
0
225
1962
788
444
104
0
240
1963
1,297
542
215
0
540
1964
1,485
712
416
0
357
1965
2,120
902
578
0
640
1966
2,604
1,046
800
36
722
1967
2,763
883
658
68
1,154
1968
3,128
1,040
761
92
1,235
1969
3,558
1,180
963
100
1,315
1970
4,266
1,562
1,103
116
1,485
1971
4,820
1,900
1,300
140
1,480
1972
5,494
2,345
1,447
152
1,550
1973
6,435
2,930
1,819
168
1,518
1974
6,093
3,162
1,611
180
1,140
1975
6,701
3,543
1,806
200
1,152
1976
983
Actual weight of primary nutrient content. For domestic production figures in terms of standard
weights, see table 12C.
Approved For Release ZITIL/Ub/1 T . 1.,1A-KU1-11. UtSUU40 FKOUU1U111 ZUUU 1 -.5
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 13B
China: Selected Inputs to the Agricultural Sector
Tractor Park (Th 15-Hp Units)
Inventory of
Powered Irrigation
Capacity of
Rural Hydro-
electric Plants
(Mil kW)
Total
Conventional
Garden
Equipment
(Th Hp)
1949
0.4
0.4
Negl
97
Negl
1950
1.3
1.3
Negl
Negl
1951
1.4
1.4
Negl
118
Negl
1952
2.0
2.0
Negl
Negl
1953
2.7
2.7
Negl
Negl
1954
5.1
5.1
Negl
..
Negl
1955
8.1
8.1
Negl
338
Negl
1956
19.4
19.4
Negl
508
Negl
1957
24.6
24.6
Negl
560
Negl
1958
45.3
45.3
Negl
1,280
1959
59.0
59.0
Negl
2,535
1960
79.0
79.0
Negl
4,145
0.5
1961
95.0
95.0
Negl
4,845
1962
103.0
103.0
Negl
5,800
1963
115.0
115.0
Negl
6,440
1964
123.0
123.0
Negl
7,300
1965
0.9
8,450
0.3
1966
153.6
150.0
3.6
9,980
1967
5.6
10,695
1968
8.3
12,742
1969
...
11.5
14,790
0.5
1970
320.1
300.0
20.1
16,911
0.9
1971
. ..
...
25.0
20,000
1.2
1972
484.1
438.1
46.0
24,016
1.6
1973
639.5
565.5
74.0
30,000
2.0
1974
836.2
726.8
109.4
36,000
2.5
1975
971.8
821.8
150.0
43,000
3.0
1976
1,187.3
971.2
216.1
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
CHINA: Growth and Structural Changes in Industry
Producer{
Goods
311111111111111111
1111111111111111111
1952=48
574010 9-77
14
42.9%
Machinery
Other Producer
Goods
Consumer Goods
1957=100
Figure 4
1965=199
1975=502
ApprovelrFo r Keil-ease zuuztoon 1 . LAH-RLJF TUESCIIIWO I ATRIUTUU
a'a
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 9
China: Selected Indexes of Industrial Production '
1957 = 100
Value Added in Industrial Production
Gross
Value
of
Industrial
Output
Total
Producer Goods
Consumer
Goods
Total
Machinery
Other
1949
20
14
8
15
28
18
1950
27
21
14
22
36
24
1951
38
30
24
31
48
34
1952
48
39
33
41
60
44
1953
61
51
50
51
73
57
1954
70
62
60
62
82
66
1955
73
66
62
67
81
70
1956
88
84
90
83
94
90
1957
100
100
100
100
100
100
1958
142
161
175
158
117
1959
173
204
235
197
131
1960
181
232
265
224
114
1961
105
123
112
126
80
1962
111
132
124
134
83
1963
134
153
164
150
109
1964
161
180
197
176
135
166
1965
199
211
257
200
183
204
1966
232
251
335
232
206
247
1967
202
208
278
191
196
1968
221
226
295
210
215
217
1969
266
290
456
250
233
283
1970
316
350
586
294
272
348
1971
349
407
711
336
272
392
1972
385
452
795
371
295
422
1973
436
513
930
415
334
464
1974
455
536
992
429
347
489
1975
502
602
1,156
472
368
551
1976
502 2
' The indexes of value added are based on physical output series, whereas the gross value index is a
reconstruction of the official index that is based on provincial data.
This 1976 figure is an estimate based upon fragmentary provincial claims.
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
China: Changing Regional Shares of Industrial Output
ndian claim
Clnnese linol
of control
4.79
3.49
Northwest
Southwest
IN Height of bar indicates relative
share of industrial output
1957 1974
Economic region boundary
573488 10.77
16
0 500
KILOMETERS
B.
5.94
20.70
22.74
Figure 5
Northeast
0.38
29.00
East
Appnivelf I-ormeiease LIM T 1,174-KUri U13IJIFID HUUU TUrJ I LUOU T-
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 10
China: Gross Value of Industrial Output '
Mil 1957 Yuan
1957
1965
1970
1974
1975
Total
69,797
142,686
240,102
344,865
375,236
Northeast .............
15,874
32,115
49,546
66,463
72,707
Liaoning
10,078
19,090
29,497
41,349
44,202
Kirin ...... ..............
2,155
5,018
7,372
9,329
10,539
Heilungkiang ......
3,641
8,007
12,677
15,785
17,966
North
14,446
.. .
...
91,398
. ..
Hopeh
2,519
6,723
13,445
22,648
24,873
Shansi ...... .... ......
1,645
. . .
. . .
6,264
Inner Mongolia ..
631
3,009
4,487
6,018
...
Peking
2,100
5,602
12,079
18,570
19,607
Tientsin
3,911
6,882
12,097
17,524
18,748
Shantung
3,640
6,174
12,565
. 20,374
20,991
East
21,206
...
...
99,996
Kiangsu
4,124
7,509
15,625
23,435
Anhwei
1,348
2,390
3,811
6,149
7,330
Chekiang
2,132
3,900
6,060
7,800
Kiangsi
1,100
...
...
5,242
Fukien ...... ..........
1,100
1,835
2,532
4,323
4,626
Shanghai
11,402
24,220
39,074
53,047
55,707
Central-South
9,995
19,923
35,679
50,011
Honan
1,560
3,737
7,173
10,612
11,960
Hupeh
2,514
4,140
7,500
9,238
Hunan
1,634
2,929
6,027
8,167
8,403
Kwangtung
3,570
7,810
12,553
17,474
20,284
Kwangsi
717
1,307
2,426
4,520
4,926
Southwest ..
5,843
10,799
20,494
. ?
Szechwan
4,283
6,929
13,852
17,465
Kweichow
562
2,527
3,158
4,548
Yunnan
989
1,324
2,079
3,395
.
Tibet
9
19
89
114
Northwest
2,433
5,924
16,503
. .
Shensi ..... ...........
1,134
2,707
5,547
6,517
6,904
Kansu
694
2,172
4,381
6,769
7,732
Tsinghai
117
273
553
997
1,096
Sinkiang
465
696
1,293
1,861
. ?
Ninghsia
23
76
359
424
I An index derived from disaggregated provincial data is not strictly comparable to the index of gross
value of industrial output in table 9.
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 1 lA
China: Production of Selected Types of Machinery
1949
1950
Electric
Generators
(kW)
10,181
22,798
Machine
Tools
(Units)
1,582
3,312
Spindles
(Units)
...
Sewing
Machines
(Th Units)
Powered
Irrigation
Equipment
(Th Hp)
Tractors
(15-Hp Units)
Total
Conventional
Garden
1951
31,731
5,853
131,984
1952
29,678
13,734
383,128
...
1953
59,525
20,502
287,424
257
1954
54,617
15,901
489,044
316
1955
107,595
13,708
304,400
174
1956
288,263
25,928
784,020
206
170
1957
312,200
28,297
484,000
278
52
1958
1,425,000
30,000
1,000,000
637
720
1,100
1,100
195935,000
...
1,360,000
563
1,255
9,400
9,400
1960
40,000
676
1,610
23,800
23,800
1961
30,000
700
16,200
16,200
1962
25,000
955
13,100
13,100
196335,000
...
640
15,700
15,700
...
1964
625,000
40,000
700,000
1,257
860
19,450
19,300
150
1965
780,000
45,000
1,400,000
1,571
1,150
23,875
23,000
875
1966
50,000
0
1,530
34,625
32,000
2,625
1967
40,000
29,100
27,000
2,100
1968
45,000
32,675
30,000
2,675
1969
55,000
1,800
43,200
40,000
3,200
1970
70,000
2,400
...
79,000
70,000
9,000
1971
3,000,000
75,000
3,000
3,089
114,625
105,000
9,625
1972
3,500,000
75,000
3,300
4,016
136,000
115,000
21,000
1973
4,000,000
80,000
3,894
5,984
166,000
138,000
28,000
1974
4,650,000
80,000
6,000
150,000
120,000
30,000
1975
5,460,000
90,000
7,000
180,000
140,000
40,000
1976..
.
190,925
128,800
62,125
18
Approved r or-rrerease LUUTTEM71 . LIPVTX1-., U .11-AJN7.1,1.1 1-i-crxrcru
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 1 1 B
China: Production of Selected Types of Machinery
?
Mainline Locomotives
(Units)
Freight
Cars
(Units)
Merchant
Ships
(LSD Metric Tons)
Trucks
(Units)
Total
Steam
Diesel
Electric
1949
0
0
0
0
3,155
0
0
1950
0
0
0
0
696
0
0
1951
0
0
0
0
2,882
0
0
1952
20
20
0
0
5,792
6,100
0
1953
10
10
0
0
4,501
14,800
0
1954
52
52
0
0
5,446
31,400
0
1955
98
98
0
0
9,258
50,200
0
1956
184
184
0
0
7,122
51,200
1,654
1957
167
167
0
0
7,300
46,400
7,500
1958
350
346
2
2
11,000
61,300
16,000
1959
533
530
3
0
17,000
54,300
19,400
1960
602
600
0
2
23,000
23,600
15,000
1961
100
100
0
0
3,000
18,800
1,000
1962
25
25
0
0
4,000
13,500
8,400
1963
27
25
0
2
5,900
23,400
16,800
1964
27
25
2
0
5,700
31,000
20,300
1965
50
20
30
0
6,600
50,600
30,000
1966
220
150
70
0
7,500
55,900
43,000
1967
300
200
100
0
6,900
48,200
32,000
1968
340
200
140
0
8,700
64,500
27,000
1969
391
230
160
1
11,000
93,100
60,000
1970
435
250
180
5
12,000
121,500
70,000
1971
455
250
200
5
14,000
148,000
86,000
1972
475
250
220
5
15,000
164,600
100,000
1973
495
250
240
5
16,000
209,400
110,000
1974
505
250
250
5
16,800
288,400
121,000
1975
530
250
275
5
18,500
313,600
133,000
1976
318,800
...
19
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 12A
China: Production of Selected Producer Goods
Electric Power
(Mil kWh)
I
Crude Oil I
(Mil Metric
Tons)
Coal
(Th Metric Tons)
Total
Hydroelectric
Thermal
Natural Gas
(Mil Cubic)
Meters)
Total
Large
Mines
Small
Mines
1949
4,300
700
3,600
Negl
0.121
32,430
22,117
10,313
1950
4,600
800
3,800
Negl
0.200
42,920
32,607
10,313
1951
5,800
1,000
4,800
Negl
0.305
53,090
45,405
7,685
1952
7,300
1,300
6,000
Negl
0.436
66,490
56,184
L0,306
1953
9,200
1,500
7,700
0.622
69,680
61,527
8,153
1954
11,000
2,200
8,800
0.789
83,660
75,545
8,115
1955
12,300
2,400
9,900
0.966
98,300
89,650
8,650
1956
16,600
3,500
13,100
1.163
110,360
101,862
8,498
1957
19,300
4,700
14,600
600
1.458
130,732
...
1958
28,000
5,500
22,500
2,264
230,000
1959
42,000
7,800
34,200
3.7
300,000
1960
47,000
9,000
38,000
5.1
280,000
1961
31,000
8,000
23,000
5.186
170,000
1962
30,000
6,000
24,000
5.746
180,000
1963
33,000
6,000
27,000
6.360
190,000
1964
36,000
7,000
29,000
8.653
204,000
...
1965
42,000
9,000
33,000
9,200
10.961
220,000
187,000
33,000
1966
50,000
10,000
40,000
14.074
248,000
210,000
38,000
1967
45,000
10,000
35,000
13.9
190,000
155,000
35,000
1968
50,000
12,000
38,000
15.2
205,000
165,000
40,000
1969
60,000
15,000
45,000
20.377
258,000
200,000
58,000
1970
72,000
18,000
54,000
20,700
28.211
310,000
235,000
75,000
1971
86,000
21,000
65,000
36.700
335,000
250,000
85,000
1972
93,000
23,000
70,000
43.065
356,000
260,000
96,000
1973
101,000
25,000
76,000
54.804
377,000
271,000
106,000
1974
108,000
27,000
81,000
65.765
389,000
279,000
110,000
1975
121,000
30,000
91,000
34,600
74.261
427,000
307,000
120,000
1976
83.608
448,000
300,000
148,000
For further information on these items, see table 14 and other items in the energy section.
For exports of crude oil, see table 25 below.
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 12B
China: Production of Selected Producer Goods
Th Metric Tons
Pig Iron Crude Steel
Medium Medium
and and
Standard Large Small Large Small Finished
Iron Ore ' 2 Total Plants Plants Total Plants Plants Steel
1949
504
252
231
21
158
123
1950
2,156
978
928
50
606
360
1951
2,446
1,148
1,056
92
896
. ..
...
690
1952
4,218
1,929
1,812
117
1,349
1,276
73
1,110
1953
4,908
2,234
2,098
136
1,774
1,618
156
1,490
1954
6,728
3,114
2,940
174
2,225
1,979
246
1,770
1955
8,464
3,872
3,688
184
2,853
2,486
367
2,220
1956
10,462
4,826
4,674
152
4,465
3,974
491
3,220
1957
12,262
5,936
. ..
...
5,350
...
.. .
4,290
1958
27,280
13,690
9,530
4,160
11,080
8,000
3,080
6,100
1959
40,990
20,500
9,450
11,050
13,350
8,630
4,720
8,100
1960
54,920
27,500
13,750
13,750
18,670
12,450
6,220
11,300
1961
17,270
8,800
8,000
6,000
1962
17,630
8,800
8,000
6,000
1963
19,840
9,900
9,000
6,800
1964
23,840
11,900
10,800
8,100
1965
27,820
13,800
12,600
1,200
12,500
12,000
500
9,400
1966
33,520
16,600
15,000
11,200
1967
26,650
13,200
12,000
9,000
1968
30,870
15,400
...
...
14,000
...
...
10,500
1969
35,220
17,600
16,200
1,400
16,000
15,500
500
12,000
1970
43,970
22,000
18,100
3,900
17,800
16,100
1,700
13,400
1971
54,170
27,100
20,200
6,900
21,000
18,600
2,400
15,400
1972
60,770
30,400
22,200
8,200
23,000
20,200
2,800
16,900
1973
67,340
33,700
24,100
9,600
25,500
22,300
3,200
19,100
1974
61,050
31,400
22,500
8,900
23,800
20,800
3,000
17,800
1975
67,600
33,800
24,300
9,500
26,000
22,700
3,300
19,500
1976
...
23,000
20,080
2,920
. ..
' The standard used contains 55 percent iron ore.
For a series of actual weight mined, see table 17.
21
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 12C
China: Production of Selected Producer Goods
Th Metric Tons
Chemical Fertilizers
Total
Nitrogen
Phosphorous'
Total
Large
Plants
Small
Plants
Total
Large
Plants
Small
Plants
Potassium
1949
27
27
27
0
0
0
0
0
1950
70
70
70
0
0
0
0
0
1951
137
137
137
0
0
0
0
0
1952
194
194
194
0
0
0
0
0
1953
263
263
263
0
0
0
0
0
1954
343
343
343
0
0
0
0
0
1955
426
418
418
0
8
8
0
0
1956
663
586
586
0
77
77
0
0
1957
803
683
683
0
120
120
0
0
1958
1,354
1,010
1,010
0
344
344
0
0
1959
1,876
1,376
1,376
0
500
500
0
0
1960
2,523
1,723
1,723
0
800
600
200
0
1961
1,850
1,400
1,380
20
450
338
112
0
1962
2,775
2,220
2,160
60
555
355
200
0
1963
3,857
2,708
2,608
100
1,149
501
648
0
1964
5,785
3,560
3,329
231
2,225
600
1,625
0
1965
7,600
4,508
3,967
541
3,092
618
2,474
0
1966
9,600
5,229
4,288
941
4,281
1,141
3,140
90
1967
8,100
4,413
3,213
1,200
3,517
1,005
2,512
170
1968
9,500
5,200
3,500
1,700
4,070
1,375
2,695
230
1969
11,300
5,900
3,800
2,100
5,150
1,500
3,650
250
1970
14,000
7,810
4,450
3,360
5,900
1,550
4,350
290
1971
16,800
9,500
4,750
4,750
6,950
1,620
5,330
350
1972
19,841
11,723
5,744
5,979
7,738
1,934
5,804
380
1973
24,801
14,652
6,740
7,912
9,729
2,432
7,297
420
1974
24,875
15,810
6,956
8,854
8,615
2,498
6,117
450
1975
27,875
17,717
7,441
10,276
9,658
3,187
6,471
500
1976
...
Production is measured in standard units of 20-percent nitrogen.
2 Production is measured in standard units of 18.7-percent phosphoric acid.
Production is measured in standard units of 40-percent potassium oxide
22
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 12D
China: Production of Selected Producer Goods
Cement
(Th Metric Tons)
Timber
(Th m3)
Paper
(Th Metric Tons)
Total
Large
Plants
Small
Plants
1949
660
660
0
5,670
228
1950
1,410
1,410
0
6,640
380
1951
2,490
2,490
0
7,640
492
1952
2,860
2,860
0
11,200
603
1953
3,880
3,880
0
17,530
667
1954
4,600
4,600
0
22,270
842
1955
4,500
4,500
0
20,930
839
1956
6,390
6,390
0
20,840
998
1957
6,860
6,860
0
27,870
1,221
1958
10,700
9,300
1,400
28,937
1,630
1959
12,270
10,570
1,700
32,022
1,949
1960
12,000
9,000
3,000
28,668
1,825
1961
7,800
6,000
1,800
19,335
1,388
1962
6,900
5,300
1,600
20,940
2,118
1963
9,100
6,800
2,300
22,971
2,599
1964
10,900
8,700
2,200
26,417
3,220
1965
16,280
10,900
5,380
27,183
3,611
1966
17,900
12,500
5,400
27,971
3,923
1967
14,200
10,600
3,600
22,044
3,246
1968
19,600
13,700
5,900
22,044
3,344
1969
22,540
14,400
8,140
26,438
4,219
1970
26,600
15,100
11,500
29,875
5,000
1971
31,000
18,600
12,400
30,741
5,066
1972
38,100
19,800
18,300
33,200
5,606
1973
41,000
20,500
20,500
34,163
6,032
1974
37,300
16,000
21,300
35,154
6,500
1975
47,100
19,400
27,700
36,173
6,941
1976
49,300
19,700
29,600
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
24
Table 13A
China: Production of Selected Consumer Goods
Cotton
Cloth
(Mil
Linear in)
Wool
Cloth
(Th
Linear m)
Silk
Cloth
(Th
Linear m)
Processed
Sugar
(Th Metric
Tons)
Wine and
Liquor
(Th Metric
Tons)
1949
1,889
5,435
50,160
199
1950
2,522
4,880
51,120
242
1951
3,058
4,025
63,300
300
1952
3,829
4,233
64,760
451
230
1953
4,685
6,227
73,800
638
1954
5,230
7,823
78,250
693
1955
4,361
10,271
93,970
717
. ..
1956
5,770
14,267
118,610
807
520
1957
5,050
18,170
144,560
864
730
1958
5,700
26,280
194,840
900
1959
6,100
31,400
200,000
1,130
1960
4,900
...
...
920
1961
3,300
...
700
1962
3,500
23,920
...
480
1963
4,600
27,175
300,960
510
805
1964
5,100
...
...
1,030
1965
6,400
1,460
1966
6,700
1,710
1967
5,500
1,900
1968
6,000
1,900
1969
6,600
1,700
1970
7,500
1,790
1971
7,200
401,280
1,890
1972
7,300
1,870
1973
7,600
2,230
1974
7,600
65,220
2,190
1975
7,600
430,000
2,300
1976
ApproVedl-or Release ZOLFZ/Ltbri 1 . LAA--KUP P3151317.4uf Ruullt Zuuui -.3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 13B
China: Production of Selected Consumer Goods
Th Units
1949
1950
1951
Bicycles
14
21
44
Thermos
Bottles
Radio
Sets
. ..
Television
Sets
Watches
1952
80
5,536
17
1953
165
12,007
25
1954
298
14,841
28
1955
335
17,958
151
1956
640
16,310
270
1957
806
20,870
390
1958
1,174
27,611
1,200
1959
1,479
37,000
1,560
. ..
1960
1,840
. ..
1,500
650
1961
634
1,250
2
1962
1,000
1,000
3
1963
1,101
33,216
1,000
3
1964
1,209
1,000
5
1965
1,792
1,500
5
1,200
1966
2,044
1,500
8
1967
. . .
1,500
5
1968
2,412
0
2,000
5
1969
3,026
2,500
10
1970
3,640
4,600
15
. ..
1971
4,030
6,000
20
6,200
1972
4,300
6,700
40
6,950
1973
4,859
0
12,100
75
7,800
1974
5,194
15,000
115
1975
5,460
18,000
205
1976
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
CHINA: Shift in Sources of Supply of Primary Energy
Oil
4%
Natural Gas 1%
Hydro-Electricity
1%
574012 9-77
26
1957
Figure 6
Natural Gas
10%
1976
Table 14
China: Supply of Primary Energy '
Natural
Total Coal Oil
Gas
Hydroelectricity
Mil Metric Tons of Coal Equivalent 2
1952
50
48
2
Negl
Negl
1957
110
103
5
1
1
1965
198
168
17
12
1
1970
303
231
43
27
2
1974
421
287
93
38
3
1975
464
315
99
46
4
1976
497
330
113
50
4
Percent
1952
100
97
3
Negl
Negl
1957
100
94
4
1
1
1965
100
85
8
6
1
1970
100
76
14
9
1
1974
100
68
22
9
1
1975
100
68
21
10
1
1976
100
66
23
10
1
Supply includes net imports. For domestic production of these items,
see table 12.
2 The coal equivalent employed has a calorific value of 7,000 kilocalories
per kilogram.
Approved For Releage ZUUZ/Ubri . LIA-KLWT5151:71:1401AUOU ruu rum," .3
Hydra-
Electricity
1%
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
CHINA: Shift in Consumption of Primary Energy
Residential/Commercial
53 %
Transport
9%
Agriculture
1%
574011 9-77
Industry and
Construction
37%
1957
ransport
5%
Agriculture
6%
Figure 7
Residential/Commercial
2 7 %
Industry and Construction
62%
Table 15
China: Consumption of Primary Energy
1976
Total
Industry
and
Construction Agriculture Transport
Mil Metric Tons of Coal Equivalent'
Residential/
Commercial
1952
42
11
Negl
5
26
1957
97
36
1
9
51
1965
185
89
6
14
76
1970
278
159
12
16
91
1974
380
235
24
19
102
1975
421
260
27
21
113
1976
497
307
32
25
133
Percent
1952
100
26
Negl
12
62
1957
100
37
1
9
53
1965
100
48
3
8
41
1970
100
57
4
6
33
1974
100
62
6
5
27
1975
100
62
6
5
27
1976
100
62
6
5
27
'The coal equivalent employed has a calorific value of 7,000 kilocalories per kilogram.
27
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 16A
China: Crude Oil Production '
Mil Metric Tons
1949
1950
1951
National
0.121
0.200
0.305
Ta-ch'ing
Sheng-li
Ta-kang
Yu-men
...
K'o-la-ma-i
1952
0.436
0.143
1953
0.622
0.198
1954
0.789
(0.239) '
1955
0.966
0.414
1956
1.163
0.533
1957
1.458
0.755
0.058
1958
2.264
1.002
0.25
1959
3.7
1.337
(0.239)
1960
5.1
0.792 '
1.700
(0.226)
1961
5.186
(1.022)
1.600
(0.214)
1962
5.746
(2.726)
0.046 '
(1.303)
0.201
1963
6.360
4.427
(0.321)
(1.006)
(0.307)
1964
8.653
(5.765)
0.596
(0.709)
(0.416)
1965
10.961
7.106
0.735
0.412
0.523
1966
14.074
8.776
2.0
(0.414)
(0.473)
1967
13.9
(9.045)
(2.625)
0.20'
(0.416)
(0.423)
1968
15.2
9.297
(3.250)
(0.34)
(0.417)
(0.373)
1969
20.377
12.830
(3.875)
0.48
0.419
0.323
1970
28.211
17.666
4.5
0.96
0.490
0.384
1971
36.700
22.136
6.5
(1.64)
0.544
0.503
1972
43.065
25.550
8.45
(2.33)
0.620
0.604
1973
54.804
28.298
9.50
3.00
0.676
0.725
1974
65. /65
34.608
11.02
3.74
0.710
1.036
1975
74.261
40.072
14.90
4.34
0.785 4
1.065 ?
1976
83.608
43.093
...
Total
503.994
273.209
63.318
17.030
16.842
8.335
See figure 8 for location of these and other fields.
Parentheses indicate linear interpolation.
'First year of production.
4
Regression analysis, 1969-74.
Also see Figure 8 (Fold-out map following page 45)
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 16B
China: Crude Oil Production
Mil Metric Tons
Tsaidam '
Fu-yu 2
ran-shan 2
Chlen-chiang 2
Residual'
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
0.03'
1959
(0.044)5
1960
(0.058)
1961
(0.072)
1962
(0.085)
1963
(0.099)
1964
(0.113)
1965
0.127
1966
(0.135)
1967
(0.144)
1968
(0.152)
1969
0.160
1970
0.165
(1.15)
0.14
(1.15)
1.606
1971
0.180
1.44
0.74
(2.21)
0.807
1972
0.320
2.58
1.57
3.28
?2.239
1973
0.442
2.83
(2.20)
3.63
3.503
1974
0.530
3.08
2.83
3.97
4.241
1975
0.5826
3.25
4.05
4.10
1.117
1976
Total
3.438
14.330
11.530
18.340
'Consists of three separate fields.
Likely upper limits of crude oil production, with parentheses indicating interpolation or
extrapolation.
3 The residual is a true error term and may be either positive or negative. It also contains small
amounts of shale oil not accounted for elsewhere.
'First year of production.
Parentheses indicate linear interpolation.
Regression analysis, 1969-74.
Also see Figure 8 (Fold-out map following page 45)
29
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
China: Distribution of Fuels, Power,
Minerals and Metals
Figure 9
r8"g"? Dairen
shan
CSenasg ,? dart,'
fine of
contral
Lan.ch
FUELS ELECTRICAL
POWER
Gasfield
A Oil basin A Thermal
Major coal A Hydro
mine
? Transmission
line
573491 9.77
30
NONFERROUS
Sb Antimony
Cu Copper
Pb Lead and zinc
M Magnesite
H9 Mercury
Sn Tin
.Lhasa
Ch'eng-to
itAan,h'ung
ungking
chou
Hg
FERROUS AND
FERROALLOY
Fe Iron ore
Mn Manganese
Mo Molybdenum
IN Tungsten
Mao.ming.
0 Kilometers 500
hanghal
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 17
Production of Minerals and Metals '
Th Metric Tons
1957
Iron Ore 2
Tungsten
Ore
...
Bauxite
Metal-
lurgical
Coke
Refined
Copper 6
Primary
Primary Tin
Aluminum Metal '
Large Small
Total Mines Mines
17,670 14,140 3,530
1965
38,300 ... .. ?
17
1,120
10,100
200
140
12
1970
72,300 54,200 18,100
12
1,500
16,200
290
188
10
1971
91,100 65,800 25,300
16
1,500
20,100
290
192
13
1972
103,400
17
1,900
22,400
290
238
13
1973
107,200
19
2,300
24,300
290
286
15
1974
99,900
17
2,500
22,600
300
316
15
1975
109,000
15
2,800
24,300
300
357
18
1976
14
...
See table 12 for information on pig iron and steel production; for trade in selected minerals and metals, see table
24.
'Gross weight of ores in the state in which they leave mines.
3 Estimated tonnage of tungsten concentrates, 60-percent tungsten trioxide (W03) basis.
6 Data are for aluminous shales and clays used for the manufacture of aluminum and exclude exported shales and
those used for refractories, abrasives, and cement.
Oven and beehive coke, excluding breeze coke.
6 Primary and secondary refined copper produced from domestic and imported ores and scrap.
Excluding tin derived from scrap or detinning.
31
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Figure 10
CHINA: Trends in Modern Transport Performance
Million Metric Tons Originated
Waterways
Highways
0
g ilroads
1,500
1400
1,300
,200
570693 9.76
32
pprove or e e
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 18
China: Modern Transport Performance
Mil Metric Tons Originated
Total
Railroads
highways
Inland and
Coastal
Waterways
1949
67
56
6
5
1950
114
100
7
7
1951
134
111
13
10
1952
167
132
21
14
1953
211
161
30
20
1954
266
193
44
29
1955
280
194
50
36
1956
372
246
79
47
1957
429
274
101
54
1958
633
381
176
76
1959
864
520
230
114
1960
842
510
220
112
1961
565
340
150
75
1962
582
350
155
77
1963
634
380
170
84
1964
668
400
180
88
1965
737
440
200
97
1966
823
490
225
108
1967
690
410
190
90
1968
730
430
205
95
1969
872
510
250
112
1970
1,050
615
300
135
1971
1,229
725
344.
160
1972
1,295
770
356
169
1973
1,398
830
385
183
1974
1,459
865
404
190
1975
1,598
945
445
208
1976
463
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
China: Major Transportation Routes
Figure 11
Bamaul
U. S. S. R.
Irkutsk Khaharoy
ULAANBAATAR
arbf
Alma-Ata
{Kul aj
Wornchil
(Raraniail
Mongolia
ang h un
Ko-s
11(ashgar)
Hu ha hao t e
Yu men'
ICHINS
PEll NG
uang a
P YO WANG
Lii ta totic-mi /SEOUL
len chin
outh
TD, ,t al C non)
"ia ttt, A Kor
7-"
IG al in
anl
Shih ch'han-ho
Chang c c
a- a [thus
Ch'eng
'c
Ch ng -c
Shanghai
kou
ing-po
,c-tjhan-ch
THMAN
Chang -sha
Ku chou
VIE TIANE
-.tChan-chiang
HA, TA
!AO ,
et na m
lq ANUS
Mac
Po
ong Kong (U K
Philippines
MANILA
573489 7-77
34
0 Kilometers 500
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 19
China: Inventories of Transportation Equipment
Mainline Locomotives'
(Th Units)
Merchant '
Ships
Total
Diesel
Steam
Electric
Freight
Cars '
(Th Units)
Units
Th dwt
Trucks
(Th Units)
1952
3.3
0
3.3
0
58
101
270
42
1957
3.7
0
3.7
0
86
93
302
63
1965
5.4
0
5.4
0
143
174
933
230
1970
6.4
0.7
5.7
0
175
269
1,944
434
1971
6.7
0.9
5.8
0
185
305
2,290
506
1972
7.1
1.1
5.9
0.1
197
329
2,657
590
1973
7.5
1.4
6.0
0.1
209
368
3,291
677
1974
7.9
1.7
6.1
0.1
222
430
4,592
793
1975
8.3
2.0
6.2
0.1
237
495
6,082
914
1976
...
556
7,081
For data on domestic production of these types of equipment, see table 11.
Table 20
China: Railroad and Highway Networks and Freight Turnover
Railroads
Highways
Length
(Th km)
Turnover
(Bil Metric
Ton-km)
Length
(Th km)
Turnover
(Bil Metric
Ton-km)
1952
24.5
60.2
127
0.8
1957
29.9
134.6
255
3.9
1965
35.9
213
550
7.0
1970
41.3
298
640
10.5
1971
42.8
352
670
12.0
1972
44.8
373
700
12.5
1973
45.6
403
725
13.5
1974
46.6
420
755
14.1
1975
48
458
785
15.6
1976
49.9
820
16.2
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CHINA: Trends in Foreign Trade
Figure 12
Million US $
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
1970
1971
1972
1973
. .
mrpRdity Cowsition of Tr
ports: by Sector of Orici in
l'Jtvve
1974
1976
1975
Animals,
4.:???
and Fish .:Grain .
9% 0%
'Fruit and
Vegetables.
Textile Fibers IWO
Crude Animal Materials 1
- 4%
TOTAL
EXPORTS
US $6,915
MILLION
Other 7%
sCo'dliedn MITIs "g
ortst by End Use
-
iFOOdvt
Consume,r,
%\a1.% _______
Goods 17., , -.off
OthTffranspor: -Grain - ,-.1 -9-i
lz, e.? gammen . 5% re-
'
04
.....
,..o.
c3 Nonelectric TOTAL
-, Machinery 18% I IMPORTS
. US $5,970
MILLION
Iron and
Steel
24%
36
pprove or e e se
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China: Balance of Foreign Trade
Million US $
Total Trade
Communist Countries
Non-Communist Countries
Total
Exports
Imports
Balance
Total
Exports
Imports
Balance
Total
Exports
Imports
Balance
1950
1,210
620
590
30
350
210
140
70
860
410
450
-40
1951
1,900
780
1,120
-340
980
465
515
-50
920
315
605
-290
1952
1,890
875
1,015
-140
1,315
605
710
-105
575
270
305
-35
1953
2,295
1,040
1,255
-215
1,555
670
885
-215
740
370
370
0
1954
2,350
1,060
1,290
-230
1,735
765
970
-205
615
295
320
-25
1955
3,035
1,375
1,660
-285
2,250
950
1,300
-350
785
425
360
65
1956
3,120
1,635
1,485
150
2,055
1,045
1,010
35
1,065
590
475
115
1957
3,055
1,615
1,440
175
1,965
1,085
880
205
1,090
530
560
-30
1958
3,765
1,940
1,825
115
2,380
1,280
1,100
180
1,385
660
725
-65
1959
4,290
2,230
2,060
170
2,980
1,615
1,365
250
1,310
615
695
-80
1960
3,990
1,960
2,030
-70
2,620
1,335
1,285
50
1,370
625
745
-120
1961
3,015
1,525
1,490
35
1,685
965
715
250
1,335
560
775
-215
1962
2,675
1,525
1,150
375
1,410
915
490
425
1,265
605
660
-55
1963
2,770
1,570
1,200
370
1,250
820
430
390
1,525
755
770
-15
1964
3,220
1,750
1,470
280
1,100
710
390
320
2,120
1,040
1,080
-40
1965
3,880
2,035
1,845
190
1,165
650
515
135
2,715
1,385
1,330
55
1966
4,245
2,210
2,035
175
1,090
585
505
80
3,155
1,625
1,530
95
1967
3,895
1,945
1,950
-5
830
485
345
140
3,065
1,460
1,605
-145
1968
3,765
1,945
1,820
125
840
500
340
160
2,925
1,445
1,480
-35
1969
3,860
2,030
1,830
200
785
490
295
195
3,075
1,540
1,535
5
1970
4,290
2,050
2,240
-190
860
480
380
100
3,430
1,570
1,860
-290
1971
4,720
2,415
2,305
110
1,085
585
500
85
3,635
1,830
1,805
25
1972
5,920
3,085
2,835
250
1,275
740
535
205
4,645
2,345
2,300
45
1973
10,090
4,960
5,130
-170
1,710
1,000
710
290
8,380
3,960
4,420
-460
1974
13,950
6,570
7,380
-810
2,435
1,430
1,010
420
11,515
5,140
6,375
-1,230
1975
14,385
7,025
7,360
-335
2,360
1,370
990
380
12,025
5,655
6,370
-715
1976'
12,885
6,915
5,970
945
2,340
1,270
1,070
200
10,545
5,645
4,900
745
Preliminary.
Table 22
China: Imports of Grain '
Mil Metric Tons
Total
Argentina
Australia
Canada
United
States
Other
1961
5.7
0.4
2.6
2.3
0
0.4
1962
4.5
0.5
1.2
2.0
0
0.8
1963
5.5
Negl
3.0
1.5
0
1.0
1964
6.3
1.4
2.2
2.1
0
0.6
1965
5.9
1.5
2.8
1.6
0
Negl
1966
5.6
1.6
1.3
2.6
0
0.1
1967
4.2
0.1
2.9
1.1
0
0.1
1968
4.4
0
1.6
2.2
0
0.6
1969
3.8
0
1.8
1.7
0
0.3
1970
4.6
0
2.2
2.0
0
0.4
1971
3.0
0
Negl
3.0
0
0
1972
4.8
0
0
3.9
0.9
0
1973
7.6
0.1
0.8
2.5
4.2
0
1974
7.0
0.7
1.4
1.9
2.8
0.2
1975
3.3
0.2
1.2
1.9
0
0
1976
2.0
0
0.9
1.1
0
0
'For the years in the table, imports vary between 1 and 3 percent of consumption.
37
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Highlights of US-China Trade 1
38
Million US $
Figure 14
1971
II IV I Ii III IV I II III IV I II III IV III III IV I II
1972
1973
1974
1. Data are from US Department of Commerce and
show both exports and imports on an f.o.b. basis.
622689 8-77
Approved For Release 20
1975
1976
1977
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 23
US-China Trade
Million US $
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
US exports
63
690
819
304
135
Agricultural commodities
61
578
668
80
0
Of which:
Wheat
35
278
234
0
0
Corn
24
132
96
0
0
Soybeans
0
43
138
0
0
Cotton
0
101
186
80
0
Vegetable oils
2
19
8
0
0
Metals
0
31
22
83
47
Of which:
Steel scrap
0
24
12
13
4
Aluminum
0
3
0
47
26
Iron and steel pipe
0
0
3
12
11
Machinery and equipment
2
69
107
119
65
Of which:
Aircraft, including engines,
parts, and accessories
0
63
76
2
1
Other
0
12
22
22
23
US imports
32
64
115
158
201
Foodstuffs and tobacco
4
7
16
16
25
Textiles and apparel
7
15
36
45
74
Silk and other fabrics
4
6
5
4
10
Cotton and other fabrics
2
7
25
31
45
Clothing and footwear
1
2
6
10
19
Handicrafts
8
15
20
22
34
Of which:
Antiques, works of art
3
6
8
6
12
Bristles, downs, and feathers
8
8
10
6
24
Chemicals, including fireworks
2
8
18
16
17
Nonferrous minerals and metals
2
8
11
42
20
Of which:
Tin
1
8
9
40
13
Other
1
3
4
11
5
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CHINA: Geographic Distribution of Trade, 1976
Figure 15
Imports
Exports
Trade Region
Turnover
Million US$
I Japan
3055
II Western Europe
2690
III Southeast Asia (including
2300
Hong Kong and Macao)
IV Eastern Europe (including Albania
and Yugoslavia)
1185
V United States and Canada
660
VI Far Eastern Communist Countries
620
VII Sub-Saharan Africa
480
VIII Australia and New Zealand
430
IX USSR
420
X Middle East
395
XI Latin America (including Cuba)
270
XII South Asia
195
XIII North Africa
185
Vcoan
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573348 9-77
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 24
China: Commodity Imports
Th Metric Tons
Wheat
and
Corn
Sugar
Soybeans
Cotton
Chemical
Fertilizer
Rubber
Pig
Iron
Finished
Steel
Alumi-
num
Copper
Nickel
1957
0
0
0
50
1,340
55
0
530
4
3
2
1965
5,900
400
0
155
3,200
140
0
750
5
30
8
1970
4,600
530
0
101
7,410
205
100
2,200
20
80
8
1971
3,000
465
0
122
7,390
195
700
2,200
75
90
11
1972
4,800
750
1
237
7,740
205
700
2,200
100
100
15
1973
7,600
735
198
410
7,430
280
1,000
3,700
110
170
29
1974
7,000
410
570
380
5,320
205
800
3,650
75
140
29
1975
3,300
240
35
164
5,520
240
700
3,600
400
120
2
1976
2,000
520
15
100
4,910
290
4,200
200z
150'
' In standard units.
2 Preliminary estimate.
Table 25
China: Commercial Exports of Oil
b/d
Total
Japan
Philippines
Thailand
Romania
Hong Kong
1973
21,760
19,400
0
0
0
2,360
1974
86,780
78,000
2,780
1,000
0
5,000
1975
198,020
158,000
10,000
12,760
4,660
12,600
1976
156,240
122,000
10,000
0
9,120
15,120
41
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
svaartrir-Js,
pita tross National Product
ar aPIta ro uc ion of Grain and Cotton Cloth
Cotton Cloth
II I III I ll
42
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Table 26
China: Per Capita Indicators of Consumer Welfare
GNP
(1976 US $)
Grain
Output 2
(kg)
Cotton
Cloth
Output
(Linear m)
Consumer
Goods Output
(index 1957=100)
1949
96
206
3.5
33
1950
116
237
4.6
42
1951
132
253
5.5
55
1952
153
283
6.7
67
1953
159
281
8.0
80
1954
162
278
8.8
88
1955
173
295
7.1
85
1956
183
302
9.2
96
1957
190
298
7.9
100
1958
221
315
8.7
115
1959
205
256
9.1
125
1960
196
229
7.2
107
1961
152
242
4.8
74
1962
167
255
5.0
75
1963
183
264
6.4
97
1964
202
264
6.9
117
1965
220
259
8.5
156
1966
241
280
8.7
172
1967
227
287
7.0
161
1968
223
262
7.5
176
1969
242
262
8.0
182
1970
275
289
8.9
208
1971
287
286
8.4
203
1972
294
273
8.3
215
1973
325
297
8.5
239
1974
330
300
8.3
243
1975
346
304
8.1
252
1976
340
300
These figures are derived from unrounded data.
Including soybeans.
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Publications of Interest
Various research pieces published by the CIA have been microfilmed by the
Library of Congresss Photoduplication Service. Persons interested in purchasing either
microfilms, unbound electrostatic positive prints, or more recent unfilmed publica-
tions should direct their inquires to:
Photoduplication Service
Library of Congress
Department C-251
11 First Street, S.E.
Washington, D.C. 20540
Contents of microfilm one:
People's Republic of China: International Trade Handbook, October 1973.
An Index of Construction Activity in China, March 1974.
China: Role of Small Plants in Economic Development, May 1974.
People's Republic of China: International Trade Handbook, September
1974.
People's Republic of China: Foreign Trade in Machinery and Equipment
Since 1952, January 1975.
Production of Machinery and Equipment in the People's Republic of
China, May 1975.
Prices of Machinery and Equipment in the People's Republic of China,
May 1975.
Contents of microfilm two:
People's Republic of China: Handbook of Economic Indicators, August
1975.
People's Republic-of China: Chemical Fertilizer Supplies, 1949-74, August
1975.
People's Republic of China: International Trade Handbook, October 1975.
Value Added by Work Brigades in Railroad and Highway Construction in
China, 1952-57, November 1975.
China: Energy Balance Projections, November 1975.
China: Agricultural Performance in 1975, March 1976.
China's Minerals and Metals Position in the World Market, March 1976.
44
Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
Chinese Merchant Ship Production, March 1976.
People's Republic of China: Estimated Yuan Value of Foreign Trade in
Machinery and Equipment, 1951-73, April 1976.
The following are publications that postdate the microfilms and which may be
obtained from the same source:
CIA, ER 76-10540, People's Republic of China: Handbook of Economic
Indicators, August 1976.
CIA, ER 76-10493, People's Republic of China: Timber Production and
End Uses, October 1976.
CIA, ER 76-10610, People's Republic China: International Trade Hand-
book, October 1976.
CIA, ER 76-10691, China: The Coal Industry, November 1976.
CIA, ER 77-10030, China: Oil Production Prospects, June 1977.
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Lambert conformal pro,ectinn. standard parallels 23? and 45.
STATI NTL
_ADMINISTRATIVE - INTERNAL USE ONLY
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27 October 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Chief, Distribution Section, P&PD/OL
FROM: Chief, Registry and Dissemination Branch, PPG
SUBJECT:
Dissemination of OER Report, ER 77-10508
(Job 425-1157-77), China: Economic Indicators,
UNCLASSIFIED
Attached is the dissemination list for subject report. Three hundred
(300) copies will be picked up or forwarded to PPG/R&D, Room 7G07, Hq.
Please notify
'when you receive the
remaining copies for distribution.
Attachment: a/s
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ACTION:
CRG/NE,
OE A?
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CONFIDENTIAL FRP:
STATE
INFU: FILE, RF, CA-3, CR/FE, CPG/EA, CRG/OER,
DCD-4, EA-6, EuR-3, NFAC/CH, NIO/CH, NIO/E, ODPS-S,
OPPA/II-2, OPPA/R0-2, ORPA/NFS-2, RES/HSG,
78 0308054
STATSPEC
PAGE 001 --174'
TOR: 1003552 FEB 78
NC 0308054
R 10021452 FEB 78
FM USLO PEKING
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE NASHDC 9856
INFO RUmJDH/AMCONSUL HONG KONG 6047 /
RUEHIP/AMEMBASSY TAIPEI 1469
RUFNPS/AMEMBASSY PARIS 353
RUHDHOA/CIKPAC HONOLULU HI
BT
C ONE IDENTIALSECTION 1 2 PEKING 0365
CINCPAC ALSO FOR POLAD
E.O. 11652: *GDS
TAGS: ETRD EEO CH
SUBJ; FRENCH DELEGATION COMMENTS ON PRC RAILNAYS
1. SUMMARY. 4 FRENCH NATIONAL RAILNAYS SOCIETY DELEGATION THAT
TOURED THE PRC IN NOVEMBER 1977 RECEIVED FROM THEIR CHINESE
HOSTS OR CONSTRUCTED THEMSELVES A FAIRLY COMPREHENSIVE SET OF
STATISTICS ON THE PRC RAILNAYS NETNORK. ALTHOUGH SOME OF THE
STATISTICS DIFFER FROM USG ESTIMATES AND APPEAR TO BE BASED ON
INCOMPLETE INFORMATION, MOST ARE CONSISTENT NITH RECENT USG
ESTIMATES. DELEGATION FIGURES ARE SUMmARI7ED HERE, FOLLONED BY USG
ESTIMATES (CIA/ER 77-10508) IN PARENTHESES.
A) RA1Ly4AY LENGTH - 50,000 KMS (49,990 KMS 1976).
B) LOCOMOTIVES -- 10,000 (8,300 -- MAINLINE, 1975), OF WHICH:
1) DIESEL -- 1,900 APPROX (2,000);
2) STEAM -- 8,000 (6,200); AND
3) ELECTRIC -- OVER 100 (100).
C) FREIGHT AND PASSENGER CARS INVENTORY 250,000
(237,000 -- FREIGHT CARS ONLY, 1975).
0) ANNUAL LOCOMOTIVE PRODUCTION -- 300 TO 350 (530 -- 1975)-
E) TOTAL FREIGHT HAULED -- 800 MILLION TONS (945 MMT -- 1975).
THE DELEGATION REACHED A NUMBER OF CONCLUSIONS REGARDING THE MTX
OF TECHNOLOGY-,tNIEEDED TO IMPROVE THE RATLNAY'S PRESENTLY
LON EFFICIENCY, AND THESE CONCLUSIONS ARE CONSISTENT IN MANY
CASES NITH COMMENTS ATTRIBUTED TO RAILNAY MINISTER TUAN CHUN-YT
IN AN ARTICLE IN THE FEB ISSUE OF "RED FLAG." ON THE
COMMERCIAL SIDE, THE FRENCH NILL BE RECEIVING A PRC RAILNAY
DELEGATION THIS YEAR. THE CHINESE ARE ALSO INTERESTED IN SOME
KINDS OF US RAILNAY TECHNOLOGY. END SUMMARY.
2. THE FRENCH EMBASSY HAS RECENTLY GIvEN US A READOUT ON THE NOv.
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Approved For Release 2002/06/11 : CIA-RDP79600457A000700120001-3
CONFIDENTIAL
STATE
78 03080Bo
PAGE 002 NC 0308054
TOR: 100355Z FEB 78
1977 VISIT TO CHINA OF A FIVE?MAN DELEGATION FROM THE FRENCH
NATIONAL SOCIETY OF RAILNAYS. THE DELEGATION VISITED PEKING,
NANKING AND SHANGHAI AND HELD FAIRLY EXTENSIVE TALKS wITH PRC
MINISTRY OF kAlLwAYS OFFICIALS. THE DELEGATION HAS TOLD THAT THE
RAlLwAY SYSTEM EMPLOYS ABOUT TwO MILLION WORKERS AND STAFF. OF
WHOM SOME 300-400,000 WORK IN FACTORIES-PRODUCING RAILWAY
EQUIPMENT AND ROLLING STOCK. THE CHINESE SAID THAT THE RAILwAY
NETWORK HAS A TOTAL LENGTH OF ABOUT 50,000 KILOMETERS.
(COMMENT: THE GROUP'S IMPRESSION wAS THAT THIS FIGURE TAKES INTO
ACCOUNT SPECIAL PURPOSE LINES AND OTHER SHORT LINES AS WELL AS
TRUNK LINES. IT IS MORE LIKELY THAT IT REFERS ONLY TO TRUNK AND
IMPORTANT BRANCH LINES. SEE 1976 HONG KONG A-177.) THE ROLLING
STOCK PARK wAS STATED TO CONSIST OF ABOUT 10,000 LOCOMOTIVES,
OF WHICH SOME 2,000 ARE NON?STEAM AND SOMETHING OVER 100 ARE
ELECTRIt, AND ABOUT 250,000 FREIGHT AND PASSENGER CARS. THE
CHINESE STATED THAT THE ONLY ELECTRIFIED LINES ARE THE CHENGIU?
PAOCHI LINE AND THE NE w LINE IN SOUTHERN SHENSI PROVINCE. (THE
FRENCH, WHO SOLD ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES TO CHINA IN THE EARLY 1967'S,
POSIT THE EXISTENCE OF OTHER ELECTRIFIED LINES -- PROBABLY
IN THE FAR NORTHEAST -- DEVOTED TO MILITARY TRANSPORT.)
3. THE GROUP HAS TOLD THAT TOTAL FREIGHT HAULED IS ABOUT
800 MILLION TONS A YEAR. (COMMENT: ,THIS IS SIGNIFICANTLY LOwER
THAN THE 1975 USG ESTIMATE OF 945 MMT.) COAL, TIMBER AND CHEMICALS
(INCLUDING OIL AND GAS) wERE SAID TO ACCOUNT FOR THREE?
FOURTHS OF THIS. THE GROUP DEDUCED AND THEN CONFIRMED WITH THE
CHINESE THAT ON THE AVERAGE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE?DRAWN FREIGHT TRAINS
WEIGH 2,500 TONS AND HAVE A MAXIMUM SPEED OF 60 KMS PER HOUR
(THE DELEGATION NOTED THAT ALL FREIGHT TRAINS OBSERVED ALONG
THE TIENT SIN?SHANGHAI LINE HAD THE SAME NUMBER OF CARS). 1HE
WEIGHT OF PASSENGER TRAINS IS 800 TONS: THESE ARE NORMALLY
PULLED BY TWO 2,000 HP DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES.
4. THE DELEGATIONVISITED THE LOCOMOTIVE PLANTS IN
TATUNG, SHANSI PROVINCE, AND IN PEKING. PRODUCTION AT THE
TATUNG PLANT wAS GIVEN AS 170 STEAM LOCOMOTIVES A YEAR AND THIS
PLANT WAS DESCRIBED AS THE LAST PLANT IN CHINA PRODUCING
STEAM LOCOMOTIVES. PRODUCTION AT THE PEKING 7TH FEBRUARY
PLANT wAS REPORTED AT 17 "PEKING". 1,000 HP DIESELS IN 1977.
A RECORD FOR THIS PLANT WHICH EMPLOYS 10,000 wORKERS, HALF
C'?.F I DFNT7AL
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TOR: 1003582 FEB 78
NC 03080Se
R 1002452 FEB 78
FM USLO PEKING
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE wASHDC 9857
INFO kUMJDH/AMCONSUL HONG KONG 6048
RUEHTP/AMEMBASSY TAIPEI 1469
RUF-NPS/AMEMBASSY PARIS 354
RUHOHGA/C1NCPAC HONOLULU H1
BT
C ONFIDENT 1ALSECTION 2 OF 2 PEKING 0365
CINCPAC ALSO FOR POLIO
OF WHOM ARE EMPLOYED IN REPAIRING LOCOMOTIVES AND HALF IN
PRODUCTION. PRODUCTION AT THE TALIEN ROLLING STOCK PLANT WAS
GIEN AS 100 DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES A YEAR. WHEN ASKED, THE
CHINESE STATED THAT THE .PLANT PRODUCING ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
IS LOCATED IN SZECHUAN NEAR CHENGTU AND THAT PRODUCTION IS
"LESS THAN FIVE" A YEAR. PRESUMABLY ON THE BASIS ON ITS TOUR
THE DELEGATION CONCLUDED THAT NATIONAL LOCOMOTIVE PRODUCTION
IS 300-350 PER YEAR. (COMMENT: THIS FIGURE SEEMS TOO LOW.
THE FRENCH MAY BE UNAWARE OF THE TwO OR THREE OTHER PLANTS IN
CHINA PRODUCING DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES. SEE 1976 HONG KONG A-177-)
THE GROUP wAS TOLD THAT STEAM LOCOMOTIVE PRODUCTION WILL BE
PHASED OUT BEGINNING THIS YEAR AND THAT RY 1980 ONLY DIESELS
AND ELECTRIC WILL BE PRODUCED.
5. THE FRENCH DELEGATION CONCLUDED THAT CHINESE KNOWLEDGE OF
ELECTRONIC TRAFFIC CONTROL IS VERY WEAK AND THAT THIS TECHNOLOGY
IS BADLY NEEDED TO INCREASE THE CAPACITY OF THE RAILWAY SYSTEM.
(THE DELEGATION CONCLUDED OR WAS TOLD THAT THE CAPACITY OF
THE YANGTZE R1vER BRIDGE IN NANKING IS 150 TRAINS A DAY, WHICH
IS LOw.) THE CHINESE STATED THAT BESIDES IMPROvEMENT OF
ELECTRONIC TRAFFIC CONTROL, PRIORITIES INCLUDE DOUBLE-TRACKING
BETWEEN JAMOR CITIES AND BETTER COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WATERBORN.
HIGHWAY AND RAIL TRANSPORT. AN EXAMPLE
P THE LATTER WOULD BE
THE EXTENSION OF THE RAILHEAD TO THE SHANGHAI DOCKS. AT PRESENT
THE TWO ARE SOME DISTANCE APART, A SITUATION wHICH INCREASES
TRANSPORT COSTS AND CONSUMES TIME. ELECTRIFICATION AS
OFFERED AS A PRIORITY ONLY FOR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS, AND IT WAS
STATED THAT THE SHORTAGE OF ELECTRIC PONER IS LIKELY TO INHIBIT
MUCH PROGRESS IN THIS AREA IN THE NEAR FUTURE. CONTAINER SERVICE
WAS ALSO MENTIONED.
6. AN ARTICLE IN THE FEBRUARY ISSUE OF "RED FLAG" BY MINISTER
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TOR: 1003S8Z FEB 78
OF RAILWAYS TUAN CHuN-Yl SUPPORTS SOME OF THE FRENCH
DELEGATION'S CONCLUSIONS. TUAN CLAIMS THAT THE LENGTH
OF THE RAILwAY NETwORK HAS MuRE THAN DOUBLED AND THE VOLUME OF
FREIGHT INCREASED EIGHT TIMES SINCE THE EARLY DAYS OF LIBERATION.
(COMMENT: IHE LENGTH OF THE RAIL LINE IN 19139 IS ESTIMATED
AT 21,000 K1LOmETERS AND THE VOLUME OF FREIGHT AT 100
MILLION IONS IN 19B0.) REGARDING PRIORITIES FOR TECHNICAL
MODERNIZATION, TUAN STATES THAT CHINA MUST GREATLY INCREASE ITS
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRIC AND DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES, INCREASE HEIGHT
PULLING CAPACITY AND INCREASE SPEED. TUAN STATES THAT THERE IS
A PLAN TO ULTIMATELY ELECTRIFY AND DOUBLE-TRACT ALL THOSE LINES
WITH HEAVY TRANSPORT BURDENS. TUAN CALLS FOR TRANSFORMATION
OF THE RAILwAY'S COMMUNICATIONS SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT,
AUTOMATION .AND ELECTRIFICATION OF MARSHALLING YARD ACTIVITIES
AND RADIO DISPATCH OF CARS. HE CALLS FOR BETTER COORDINATION
AND COMMUNICATION BETwEEN WATER, ROAD AND RAIL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTAINER SERVICES.
7. ACCORDING 10 FRENCH COMMERCIAL OFFICER, THE PRC WILL BE
SENDING ITS FIRST RAILwAYS DELEGATION TO FRANCE THIS YEAR.
THE OFFICER NOTED THAT THE CHINESE wOULD PROBABLY HAVE ACCEPTED
AN INVITATION 10 VISIT FRANCE AT ANY TIME IN THE PAST BUT THAT
NONE VAS OFFERED. THE FRENCH HOPE THE VISIT NILL LEAD TO
TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT SALES. FRENCH OFFICER NOTED THAT PRC
OFFICIALS HAD EXPRESSED INTEREST IN VARIOUS KINDS OF
US RAILwAY TECHNOLOGY, PARTICULARLY TECHNOLOGY CONERNED wITH
TRANSPORT IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS.
DEAN
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