TRENDS IN OPEC ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE, 1976
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Document Creation Date:
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Document Release Date:
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Sequence Number:
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Case Number:
Publication Date:
July 1, 1977
Content Type:
REPORT
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Trends in OPEC Economic
Assistance, 1976
Secret
Secret
ER 77-10381
July 1977
36
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NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION
Unauthorized Disclosure Subject to Criminal Sanctions
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REL This Information has been Authorized for
Release to .. .
Classified by 015319
Exempt from General Declassification Schedule
of E.O. 11652, exemption category:
?5B(1), (2), and (3)
Automatically declassified on:
date impossible to determine
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SECRET
Noforn
Trends in OPEC Economic Assistance, 1976
Central Intelligence Agency
Directorate of Intelligence
July 1977
Key Judgments
OPEC countries' $6.8 billion in disbursements of official funds to
non-OPEC LDCs and multilateral agencies for 1976 was 15 percent less than
the record levels achieved in 1975. Official development assistance' (ODA)
fell from $4.9 billion to $4.6 billion while other official flows (OOF)2
declined from $3.1 billion to $2.1 billion. OPEC disbursements should
expand in 1977 but are unlikely ever again to surpass greatly the 1975 peak.
The 1976 OPEC official financing patterns reflect:
? continuing domination by Saudi Arabia, which contributed
nearly half the OPEC total;
? decreased bilateral ODA flows, caused primarily by curtailment
of Rabat subsidy payments to Arab confrontation states;
? suspension of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Oil
Facility, which led to a sharp reduction in other OPEC official
flows;
? more vigorous OPEC multilateral ODA programs centered on
the OPEC Special Fund;
? growing emphasis on project as opposed to general support
assistance;
? rising, though still small, shares of OPEC ODA going to
non-Moslem recipients; and
? a sharp fall off in new commitments, stemming primarily from
an Iranian decision to stop, at least temporarily, new pledges.
tOficcial development assistance, as defined by the OECD Development Assistance Committee, must
(a) be given by governments or government-sponsored institutions, (b) contain grant elements of at
least 25 percent, and (c) directly enhance economic development or welfare.
2Other official flows include all non-ODA nonmilitary official flows.
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SECRET
Noforn
OPEC: ODA Disbursements
by Donor, 1976
Total 4.6 Billion US $
OPEC:ODA Disbursements
by non-OPEC Recipient, 1976
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SECRET
Noforn
Trends in OPEC Economic Assistance, 1978
Decline in Magnitude
OPEC countries continued as major sources
of official financing for non-OPEC LDCs and
multilateral aid institutions in 1976 despite a
15-percent cut in flows. The slump in 1976
reflected the curtailment of Rabat subsidy and
other emergency payments to the Arab con-
frontation states as well as the termination of
the IMF Oil Facility to which OPEC had been a
large contributor. Although 40 percent larger
than in 1974--when OPEC surfaced as an
important new source of aid-official develop-
ment assistance declined from the 1975 record
$4.9 billion to $4.6 billion, while other official
flows fell even more sharply, from $3.1 billion
to $2.1 billion. Meanwhile, expanded official
Total1
22.7
22.7
Official Development Assistance
17.0
17.9
DAC
12.1
13.32
OPEC
4.9
4.6
Other Official Flows3
5.7
4.8
DAC
2.6
2.72
OPEC
3.1
2.1
llncludes Communist flows and flows among
non-OPEC LDCs.
2Preliminary estimates.
3lncludes IMF Oil Facility.
flows from other sources further accentuated
OPEC's reduced contribution-30 percent in
1976, compared with 35 percent the year
before.
Donor Performance
Among major OPEC donors, only Saudi
Arabia and Iran increased disbursements in
1976. As the two leading contributors, they
accounted for about 65 percent of total OPEC
ODA transfers, compared with little more than
55 percent in 1975 when other OPEC countries
were more generous. The sheer size of their
commitments and their willingness to concen-
trate on a relatively small area enabled them to
exploit their programs for their own purposes-
Riyadh for political advantage and 'Tehran for
economic gain. Although only the fourth largest
source of OPEC funds, Venezuela recycled by
far the largest share-35 percent-of its current-
account surplus back to non-OPEC LDCs,
directly and through multilateral agencies.
For the second consecutive year, Saudi
Arabia ranked next to the United States as the
world's largest ODA benefactor. Its $2.2 billion
funding accounted for nearly half the OPEC
total and was more widely dispersed than other
OPEC contributions. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
dominated OOF, which accounted for about 30
percent of total net flows in 1976. The Saudis
put most of their OOF into International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
bond purchases, while the bulk of Kuwaiti
transfers went into hard-term bilateral credits
and time deposits.
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Total
Bilateral
Multi-
lateral
Total
Bilateral
Multi-
lateral
Total ..............................
4,931
4,558
374
4,692
3,886
806
Algeria .......................
26
18
8
32
4
27
Iran .............................
704
698
6
783
729
54
Iraq ............................
289
279
10
247
218
29
Kuwait Y .....................
632
599
33
423
306
117
Libya .........................
141
108
33
117
47
70
Nigeria ......................
4
4
0
2
2
0
Qatar .........................
266
251
15
128
94
34
Saudi Arabia ............
2,047
1,924
123
2,191
1,864
327
UAE ...........................
721
675
46
683
600
83
Venezuela ..................
100
0
100
88
23
65
Because of rounding, numbers may not add to the totals shown.
'Only Kuwait received repayments of principal in 1975 and 1976 for past ODA
disbursements. As a result of such repayments, net Kuwaiti flows were $25 million less in 1975
and $50 million less in 1976 than the gross flows. Net flows for all other OPEC donors are the
same as gross flows. As a result, total OPEC net ODA disbursements were $4.9 billion in 1975
and $4.6 billion in 1976.
OPEC: Disbursements to Non-OPEC LDCs
as a Share of OPEC Current Account Surpluses,
1976
Current
Account
ODA
Total Official
Surplus
Disbursements
Percent
Disbursements
Iran .............................
5.9
0.8
13
1.1
19
Iraq ............................
3.0
0.2
8
0.3
9
Kuwait .......................
6.0
0.4
7
1.1
18
Libya .........................
2.4
0.1
5
0.2
10
Qatar .........................
1.3
0.1
10
0.1
10
Saudi Arabia ............
17.7
2.2
12
2.8
16
UAE ...........................
5.5
0.7
12
0.7
14
Venezuela ..................
1.2
0.1
7
0.4
35
Despite a 15-percent decline (to $3.9 billion)
in bilateral ODA transfers last year, major
OPEC donors continued to view their programs
as vital foreign policy tools. The Arab Gulf
states, following the lead of Saudi Arabia, have
used their largesse as instruments of political
power in the Moslem world, especially in the
Arab confrontation states of Egypt, Syria, and
Jordan. On the one hand, their aid has enabled
Egypt and Syria to become more independent
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of the USSR. On the other hand, by tempo-
rarily withholding aid, the Saudis pressured the
Arab confrontation states to institute needed
economic reforms and to reconcile mutual
political differences. In fact, this pressure was
the primary cause of the decline in overall
OPEC transfers last year. Arab Gulf state flows
to the confrontation states, although still claim-
ing almost half of OPEC ODA, were reduced by
30 percent from 1975, largely because the more
than $1.1 billion of subsidy payments made in
1975 under the 1974 Rabat Summit accord
dropped to less than $150 million in 1976.
OPEC: Disbursements of Other Official Flows, 1976
Million US $
Total .......................... 2,147 1,280 867
Algeria ................... 3 0 3
Iran ......................... 285 275 10
Iraq ........................ 15 15 0
Kuwait ................... 663 475 188
Libya ..................... 133 110 23
Nigeria .................. 48 0 48
Saudi Arabia ........ 605 150 455
UAE ....................... 65 65 0
Venezuela .............. 330 190 140
Saudi Arabia-the richest and most powerful
of the OPEC countries-exerted influence far
beyond the confrontation states. Saudi wealth
was used on a broad scale to work toward a
peaceful settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict,
to achieve pan-Arab solidarity and regional
stability under Islamic precepts, and to reduce
the Communist presence and influences. Spe-
cifically, Riyadh used its financial leverage and
assistance in 1976 to:
? strengthen peace and stability in the
Dhofar province of Oman;
? persuade the leftist South Yemeni govern-
ment to loosen its ties with the Soviet Union;
? underwrite the first effective cease-fire in
Lebanon's civil war by bringing Cairo and
Damascus to agreement;
? help the moderate government of Sudan
survive leftist efforts to bring it down; and
? ease tensions between the Algerians and
the Moroccans at least temporarily, while
attempting to mediate the Western Sahara
dispute.
Iran, too, used aid to promote foreign policy
goals, though its objectives are largely eco-
nomic. To assure itself of foreign markets and
supplies of raw materials to support its vast
OPEC: Disbursements of Bilateral Official Development Assistance to Non-OPEC LDCs'
Million US $
Total
Grants
Credits
Total
Grants
Credits
Total ..........................
11,207
2,764
1,868
897
4,558
2,462
2,095
3,886
1,255
2,632
Algeria.. ..... ...........
34
11
1
10
18
18
0
4
2
2
Iran .........................
1,786
359
10
349
698
7
691
729
11
718
Iraq ........................
734
238
116
122
279
219
60
218
14
204
Kuwait ...................
1,395
490
448
42
600
562
37
306
135
171
Libya .....................
274
119
72
47
108
53
55
47
6
41
Nigeria ..................
10
4
4
0
4
4
0
2
2
0
Qatar .....................
402
58
58
0
251
181
70
94
15
79
Saudi Arabia ........
4,889
1,101
888
213
1,924
1,097
827
1,864
833
1,031
UAE .......................
1,645
370
271
99
676
321
354
600
214
386
Venezuela ..............
38
15
0
15
0
0
0
23
23
0
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industrial expansion programs, Tehran sought
to strengthen regional economic ties with Tur-
key, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. To this
end, Iran pledged $3.6 billion in official
credits-three-quarters of its total commit-
ments-to the four LDCs during 1974 and
1975. While the drawdown of project assistance
will take some years, the four countries (mostly
Pakistan and India) accounted for 90 percent of
Iran's ODA disbursements in 1976. Tehran cut
its new ODA bilateral pledges in 1976 to a
minuscule $160 million because of the $2.8
billion of earlier commitments still to be
worked off and because of perceived capital
shortages for future domestic development.
Consequently, Iran was mainly responsible for
the sharp decline in the total OPEC bilateral
commitment from an average annual $7.9 bil-
lion in 1974-75 to $5.1 billion in 1976.
Bilateral transfers of OOF by OPEC members
totaled about $1.3 billion, comparable with
levels of the previous two years. The major
components of these flows were Venezuelan
credits to Central America, Iranian official
outlays in South America, and Kuwaiti time
deposits in Egypt. Many payments of the latter
type become unrecorded grant aid because,
often with the tacit approval of the donor
country, they are never repaid.
While their total official transfers to multi-
lateral institutions declined as a result of the
cessation of the IMF Oil Facility, the OPEC
countries more than doubled ODA contribu-
tions to these agencies to $800 million in 1976.
Consequently, the multilateral share of OPEC
ODA disbursements rose from 8 percent in
1975 to over 17 percent last year.
Much of the OPEC multilateral ODA focused
on the new $800 million OPEC Special Fund,
which was created in 1976 to strengthen
OPEC's relations with the non-OPEC Third
World. Unlike other OPEC-dominated multi-
lateral institutions, the Special Fund extends
aid to needy LDCs regardless of geopolitical or
religious considerations. About a quarter of
OPEC multilateral ODA transfers and more
than half of new commitments were allocated
to the fund during the year. In addition, major
amounts of OPEC ODA were disbursed as
paid-in capital to the Islamic Development
Bank, which was established to provide assis-
tance to Moslem communities, and to the Arab
Bank for Economic Development in Africa,
whose program is designed to promote develop-
ment in "friendly" African countries.
Bilateral to LDCs To Multilateral Agencies
Total 1974 1975 1976 Total 1974 1975 1976
Total .......................... 20,984 7,440 8,434 5,110 3,873 1,716 677 1,480
Algeria ................... 25 20 3 2 185 103 19 63
Iran ......................... 4,865 1,470 3,235 160 263 23 10 230
Iraq ........................ 1,077 468 318 291 227 83 15 129
Kuwait ................... 2,653 1,261 793 599 503 253 36 214
Libya ..................... 424 250 162 12 317 275 0 42
Nigeria .................. 9 3 4 2 84 0 32 52
Qatar ..................... 728 340 174 214 101 52 20 29
Saudi Arabia ......... 7,612 2,086 2,916 2,610 1,166 545 109 512
UAE ....................... 3,551 1,527 828 1,196 342 241 21 80
Venezuela .............. 40 15 0 25 685 141 415 129
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While transfers through the IMF Oil Facility
declined from $1.4 billion in 1975 to less than
$0.3 billion in 1976, OPEC OOF funding of
multilateral institutions-largely IBRD bond
purchases-dropped by more than 50 percent,
to about $870 million.
SECRET
Saudi Arabia was the dominant source of
both ODA and OOF to multilateral agencies,
accounting for nearly one-half of the combined
total. Riyadh contributed to 10 global or
regional institutions. Other large OPEC donors
included Kuwait, which also gave to a wide
ODA ..............................
Arab Bank for Eco-
nomic Develop-
ment in Africa ....
Arab Special Fund
for Africa .............
Arab Fund for Eco-
nomic and Social
Development ........
OAPEC Special
Fund for Arabs...
Islamic Development
Bank ......................
World Bank (includ-
ing IDA and Third
Window) ...............
IMF Subsidy Ac-
count ......................
United Nations ........
African Develop-
ment Bank/Fund
Inter-American De-
velopment Bank ..
OPEC Special Fund.
Other .........................
Other Medium and
Long Term Loans
IBRD Bonds .............
IADB Trust ..............
IMF Oil Facility.....
Central American
Bank for Eco-
nomic Integration
Saudi
Vene-
Total
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Libya
Qatar
Arabia
UAE
zuela
Other
305
93
34
782
83
205
78
806
54
29
117
70
34
327
83
85
27
113
0
8
35
0
5
10
31
0
0
0
0
0
31
0
0
0
80
0
16
17
10
6
15
10
0
6
142
0
0
24
30
4
48
30
0
6
41
0
0
29
13
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
2
0
90
0
0
2
2
2
67
0
17
0
14
0
0
0
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
0
199
54
0
18
0
5
114
8
0
0
18
0
0
2
4
0
6
0
6
0
867
10
0
188
23
0
455
0
140
51
493
10
0
130
23
0
290
0
2
38
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
264
0
0
58
0
0
165
0
28
13
10
0
0
0
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number of agencies, and Venezuela, which
contributed primarily to the Inter-American
Development Bank.
the UN Development Programme as well as with
each other and other Arab and regional institu-
tions in implementing project aid.
Changing Character of Aid
Although general support cash assistance
remains a striking feature of OPEC aid, project
assistance increased sharply in 1976. Despite
curtailment of Rabat subsidy payments, half of
OPEC bilateral ODA transfers was for balance-
of-payments or budgetary support. Concession-
al credits for oil purchases and gifts of oil
accounted for another 10 percent. As the
increased 1975 commitments to project assis-
tance began to be implemented, the project
share of disbursed bilateral ODA rose from
about 10 percent in 1975 to more than a third
in 1976. The trend continued in 1976, with
about half of new bilateral commitments going
to project assistance. The Saudi Development
Fund, the Kuwaiti Fund for Arab Economic
Development, and the Abu Dhabi Fund for
Arab Economic Development were the most
active initiators of this kind of assistance.
Increasingly, these funds worked together with
established institutions such as the IBRD and
As emergency aid declined in favor of in-
creased project assistance, OPEC terms for ODA
hardened. Only a third of bilateral ODA dis-
bursements were grants in 1976, down from
two-thirds in 1974 and slightly over half in
1975; Saudi Arabia and Kuwait--providers of
most OPEC grant aid-were considerably less
generous than in previous years in their support
of the economies of the confrontation states.
Contribution to LDCs
As in previous years, OPEC flows in 1976
were highly skewed in favor of Moslem,
especially Arab, recipients. About 70 percent of
bilateral ODA disbursements went to Arab
countries, with another 10 percent to other
Moslem countries. Of the 10 leading LDC
recipients, nine were Moslem. Although Egypt
received only half as much as in 1975, Cairo's
$1 billion of receipts-more than a quarter of
the OPEC total-made it the largest OPEC aid
beneficiary. New commitments in 1976 also
OPEC: Purposes for Disbursements of Bilateral Official Development Assistance, 1976'
Total
Budget or
Balance of
Payments
Total ..............................
3,886
1,966
Algeria .......................
4
0
Iran .............................
729
159
Iraq ............................
218
1
Kuwait .......................
306
126
Libya .........................
47
4
Nigeria ......................
2
0
Qatar .........................
94
71
Saudi Arabia ............
1,864
1,243
UAE ...........................
600
362
Venezuela ..................
23
0
Million US $
Oil
Infrastruc-
ture,
Health,
Credits
or Gifts
Disaster
Relief
and
Education
Other
408
73
586
854
1
0
0
3
130
2
24
414
159
Negl
43
15
0
2
66
112
Negl
2
25
16
0
2
0
0
0
2
5
16
85
38
298
200
33
3
125
77
0
22
0
1
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Major Recipients
of OPEC ODA Flows, 1976
Million US $
Egypt
1,004
Sudan
216
India
600
North Yemen
149
Syria
513
Mauritania
119
Jordan
318
Bahrain
112
Pakistan
245
Oman
110
favored Moslem countries; OPEC countries
assigned 80 percent of their bilateral aid to this
group. In addition, substantial multilateral
funding by OPEC-amounting to more than 40
percent of the multilateral total-was earmarked
exclusively for Arab or Moslem recipients
through the OPEC countries' own institutions,
such as the Arab Fund for Economic and Social
Development and the Islamic Development
Bank.
Despite the continuing preoccupation with
Moslem financial needs, OPEC countries-
apparently anxious to consolidate Third World
support-were more willing than before to help
all needy LDCs. The non-Moslem share of
OPEC bilateral ODA increased to 18 percent-
amounting to more than $700 million- from 6
percent in 1975. Massive disbursements to India
($600 million, mostly from Iran) made New
Delhi the second largest recipient last year,
moving it ahead of Syria, Jordan, and Pakistan.
Moreover, the number of non-Moslem LDC
recipients doubled from 9 in 1975 to 18 in
1976, bring the total number of non-OPEC
LDC recipients up to 41.
OPEC countries transferred about $2.7 bil-
lion of ODA bilaterally to 28 of the 45 most
seriously affected countries (MSAs) in 1976,3
with Egypt and India accounting for about 60
percent of the total. Less than half of the MSA
beneficiaries, however, obtained sufficient
3 By adding disbursements by OPEC-dominated international
organizations-including the Arab Fund for Economic and
Social Development, OAPEC Special Fund for Arabs, the Arab
Bank for Economic Development in Africa, and the Arab
Special Fund for Africa-the number of MSA recipients rises to
40 (all except Burma, Cambodia, Guyana, Haiti, and Honduras),
and total fund availability probably approximates $3 billion.
OPEC: Receipts of Official Development: Assistance
as a Share of MSA Current-Account Deficits, 19761
Afghanistan,
North and South
Yemen ................. Over 100
Mali ........................ 75
Egypt ....................... 60
Mauritania .............. 60
Sudan ....................... 50
Sri Lanka ............... 50
Somalia .................... 40
Uganda .................... 30
Pakistan ................... 25
All others ................ Under 25
' All MSAs but India and Nepal ran a deficit in 1976; percentages
are rounded to the nearest 5 percent.
amounts to offset as much as a quarter of their
current-account deficits. Saudi Arabia, because
of its disbursements to Egypt and Iran, with its
transfers to India, provided the bulk of this aid.
Little ODA was provided to LDCs that are
neither Moslem nor MSA. About $500 million
of OOF, however, was transferred by OPEC
bilaterally and through the IMF Oil Facility to a
select group of Latin American and East Asian
LDCs-mainly Brazil, Chile, Peru, Jamaica, the
Philippines, and South Korea.
Prospects
A resurgence in bilateral aid appears almost
certain in 1977, despite reduced ODA commit-
ments last year and the expected cutback in
Iranian payments. OPEC ODA disbursements
this year should rise to 1975's peak of about $5
billion because:
? Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the UAE, and Qatar
have agreed to provide a second round ($1.4
billion) of grant aid to the three Arab
confrontation states under the 1974 Rabat
Summit Resolutions.
? The same group of Arab Gulf states has
promised to provide Egypt with at least $ 1.5
billion in soft-term balance-of-payments
loans through the Gulf Organization for the
Development of Egypt.
? Several of the richer Arab oil states have
pledged substantial amounts of financial
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SECRET
assistance for reconstruction of the war-torn
Lebanese economy.
ODA transfers to multilateral agencies are
ilso likely to expand. Most will be channeled
through the OPEC Special Fund, which began
operations last year. Additional amounts will be
paid the Arab Bank for Economic Development
in Africa pursuant to a recent decision to
double the Bank's paid-in capital; to IDA, as
part of the current fifth replenishment effort;
and to the IMF Trust Fund, in accordance with
an agreement by OPEC countries to contribute
all proceeds from sales of their share of IMF-
held gold. OPEC country payments to the
International Fund for Agricultural Develop-
ment should begin in 1977 as part of planned
OPEC Special Fund operations.
Realizing the leverage of their financial
power, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the UAE will
maintain aggressive aid programs beyond 1977
and are expected to account for the bulk of
OPEC aid. Other OPEC members, constrained
by capital-absorptive domestic development
programs and shrinking oil reserves, are not
expected to have current-account surpluses
large enough to fund major aid programs.
Beyond 1977, OPEC flows of ODA are ex-
pected to level off and perhaps decline.
The author of this paper is of i ff1A
Office of Economic Research. omments and
ueriesare welcomed and should be directed to
~on code 143, extension 5291. 25X1A
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
APPENDIX
Statistical Tables
Table A-1
OPEC: Bilateral Official Development Assistance Pledged, 1974
Total
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Libya
Qatar
Saudi
Arabia
UAE '
Other 8
Total ................................
7,439.8
1,470.4
468.2
1,260.6
249.5
339.7
2,085.6
1,527.5
38.3
Africa ..........................
854.3
97.6
59.0
94.5
68.6
39.0
202.1
286.8
6.7
Benin .......................
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1
Chad ........................
25.7
0
12.0
0
0.2
1.0
12.5
0
0
Ethiopia ...................
4.2
0.1
0
0
1.0
0
2.4
0
0.7
Gambia ....................
1.4
0
0
0
1.4
0
0
0
0
Guinea .....................
23.2
0
0
0
10.0
0
10.0
2.0
1.2
Guinea-Bissau .........
0.5
0
0
0.5
0
0
0
0
0
Malagasy Republic
3.0
0
0
1.5
0
0
0
0
1.5
Mali .........................
4.9
0
0
0
1.5
0
2.2
0
1.2
Mauritania ..............
125.7
0
3.0
32.5
0
12.0
32.7
45.5
0
Morocco ...................
88.1
30.0
0
8.1
0
0
50.0
0
0
Niger .......................
3.5
0
0
0
0
0
3.1
0
0.4
Sahel countries 8 ....
6.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.0
0
Senegal ....................
41.5
8.5
0
33.0
0
0
0
0
0
Somalia ....................
123.9
0
34.0
2.5
40.0
2.0
33.0
12.0
0.4
Sudan .......................
138.5
54.0
10.0
0
0
14.0
15.5
45.0
0
Tanzania ..................
112.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
112.0
0
Togo ........................
4.0
0
0
0
2.0
0
2.0
0
0
Tunisia .....................
64.3
5.0
0
16.4
0
10.0
18.6
14.3
0
Uganda ....................
32.6
0
0
0
12.5
0
20.1
0
0
Zaire ........................
50.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50.0
0
Zambia ....................
1.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
East Asia ...................
90.0
0
0
80.0
0
0
30.0
0
0
Philippines ..............
60.0
0
0
60.0
0
0
0
0
0
Taiwan ....................
30.0
0
0
0
0
0
30.0
0
0
Europe ........................
12.0
0
0
0
7.0
0
5.0
0
0
Malta .......................
12.0
0
0
0
7.0
0
5.0
0
0
Latin America ..........
15.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15.2
Grenada ...................
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
Guyana ....................
15.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
Middle East ..............
5,118.0
703.1
203.8
1,100.4
108.9
289.2
1,661.5
1,050.7
0.4
Bahrain ....................
109.8
0
0
11.9
0
0
7.9
90.0
0
Cyprus .....................
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Egypt .......................
2,243.4
350.0
38.6
403.7
10.0
138.6
831.0
471.5
0
Jordan ......................
285.4
8.0
12.8
113.9
0
35.8
55.2
59.7
0
Lebanon ..................
379.9
345.0
27.9
3.0
0
0
3.0
1.0
0
North Yemen .........
171.8
0
15.9
30.8
11.2
49.2
34.4
30.3
0
Oman .......................
133.7
0
0
3.7
0
0
80.0
50.0
0
South Yemen .........
86.2
0
20.0
23.1
5.7
2.0
30.0
5.0
0.4
Syria .........................
1,455.7
0
88.6
510.3
80.0
63.6
370.0
343.2
0
Turkey .....................
250.0
0
0
0
0
0
250.0
0
0
South Asia .................
1,352.3
669.7
205.4
5.7
67.0
11.5
187.0
190.0
16.0
Afghanistan .............
88.3
10.0
12.6
0.7
0
0
65.0
0
0
Bangladesh ..............
150.0
12.5
49.0
0
1.0
1.5
10.0
75.0
1.0
India ........................
203.8
60.0
143.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pakistan ...................
883.2
587.2
0
5.0
66.0
10.0
100.0
100.0
15.0
Sri Lanka ...............
27.0
0
0
0
0
0
12.0
15.0
0
'Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
'Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
'Consists of Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, and Upper Volta.
SECRET 9
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Total
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Libya
Qatar
Saudi
Arabia
UAE'
Other a
Total ..................................
8,433.5
3,235.0
318.0
792.8
162.1
174.0
2,916.1
828.1
7.4
Africa ............................
839.5
11.0
101.6
193.2
95.8
18.7
343.2
72.4
3.6
Burundi .....................
2.2
0
0
1.2
1.0
0
0
0
0
Gambia ......................
4.5
0
0
0
0
0
4.5
0
0
Guinea .......................
15.0
0
N.A.
0
0
5.0
10.0
0
0
Guinea-Bissau ...........
N. A.
0
0
0
0
N.A.
0
N.A.
N.A.
Lesotho ......................
1.0
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Mali ...........................
35.3
0
0
0.7
0
0
34.6
0
0
Mauritania ................
33.7
0
0
33.7
0
0
0
0
0
Morocco .....................
161.1
0
0
13.1
12.5
0
100.0
35.5
0
Mozambique .............
2.4
0
1.4
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Niger .........................
15.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
Rwanda .....................
23.5
0
0
3.5
15.0
0
5.0
0
0
Senegal ......................
17.1
0
0
4.1
0
3.0
10.0
0
0
Somalia ......................
87.2
0
10.1
20.0
12.0
4.0
39.5
0
1.6
Sudan .........................
196.1
0
75.1
57.7
0.4
2.7
38.0
22.2
0
Tanzania ....................
15.7
0
0
15.7
0
0
0
0
0
Tunisia .......................
94.9
10.0
15.0
22.6
0
0
36.6
10.7
0
Uganda ......................
133.8
0
N.A.
20.9
54.9
4.0
50.0
4.0
0
Upper Volta .............
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
East Asia .....................
383.1
0
0
100.0
0
0
282.1
0
1.0
Laos ...........................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Malaysia ....................
178.2
0
0
100.0
0
0
78.2
0
0
Thailand ....................
3.9
0
0
0
0
0
3.9
0
0
South Korea .............
200.0
0
0
0
0
0
200.0
0
0
Europe ..........................
3.0
0
0
0
3.0
0
0
0
0
Malta .........................
3.0
0
0
0
3.0
0
0
0
0
Latin America ............
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Grenada .....................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Middle East ................
5,158.2
1,470.5
167.4
369.0
62.3
154.3
2,245.8
687.1
1.8
Bahrain ......................
17.1
0
0
10.0
0
0
7.0
0.1
0
Egypt .........................
1,481.3
100.0
115.0
153.2
0
100.0
703.8
309.3
0
Jordan ........................
483.0
20.5
35.2
69.0
0
39.7
269.0
49.6
0
Lebanon ....................
41.5
0
2.2
3.4
0
4.6
26.1
3.4
1.8
North Yemen ...........
739.7
0
15.0
11.8
0.2
10.0
660.0
42.7
0
Oman .........................
268.5
0
0
2.5
0
0
200.0
66.0
0
South Yemen ...........
105.2
0
0
19.1
41.1
0
0
45.0
0
Syria ...........................
790.9
150.0
0
100.0
0
0
369.9
171.0
0
Turkey .......................
1,231.0
1,200.0
0
0
21.0
0
10.0
0
0
South Asia ...................
2,048.7
1,753.5
49.0
130.6
1.0
1.0
45.0
68.6
0
Afghanistan ...............
722.5
722.5
0
N.A.
0
0
0
0
0
Bangladesh ................
39.0
0
0
29.0
0
0
0
10.0
0
India ..........................
1,151.1
1,030.0
30.0
52.5
0
0
0
38.6
0
Nepal .........................
17.8
0
0
17.8
0
0
0
0
0
Pakistan .....................
37.0
1.0
0
5.0
0
1.0
22.0
8.0
0
Sri Lanka .................
81.3
0
19.0
26.3
1.0
0
23.0
12.0
0
' Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
'Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
10 SECRET
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Table A-3
OPEC: Bilateral Official Development Assistance Pledged, 1976
Total ..................................
Total
5,110.3
Iran
159.9
Iraq
290.8
Kuwait
598
6
Libya
12
2
Qatar
214
0
Saudi
Arabia
2
610
2
UAE'
1
Other Q
Africa ............................
1,053.1
13.4
77.2
.
157.6
.
3.1
.
9.0
,
.
478.0
,196.2
311.2
28.6
3.6
Benin .........................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Burundi .....................
1.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.1
0
Central African Em-
pire ........................
10.5
0
8.5
0
2.0
0
0
0
0
Cameroon ..................
3.0
0
0
0
N. A.
3.0
0
0
0
Comoro Islands........
26.8
0
0
9.8
0
0
17.0
0
0
Congo ........................
26.9
0
0
6.9
0
0
20.0
0
0
Gambia ......................
10.0
0
0
0
0
0
10.0
0
0
Guinea .......................
24.2
0
10.0
12.5
0
0
1.7
0
0
Guinea-Bissau ...........
1.1
0
0
0
0.1
0
0
0
1.0
Kenya ........................
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
Mali ...........................
71.3
0
0
17.0
0
6.0
44.3
4.0
0
Mauritania ................
129.0
0
0
1.0
0
0
128.0
0
0
Morocco .....................
41.5
0
0
13.0
0
0
0
28.5
0
Mozambique .............
3.6
0
1.0
0
1.0
0
0
0
1
6
Niger .........................
5.8
0
0
0
0
0
5.8
0
.
0
Senegal ......................
22.4
2.4
0
0
0
0
0
20.0
0
Sierra Leone ............
N. A.
0
0
0
0
0
N.A.
0
0
Somalia ......................
285.9
0
13.5
20.4
0
0
0
252.0
0
Sudan .........................
283.8
1.0
29.2
42.0
0
0
206.0
5.6
0
Tunisia .......................
46.8
10.0
15.0
21.8
0
0
0
0
0
Upper Volta .............
58.2
0
0
13.2
0
0
45.0
0
0
East Asia .....................
92.8
0
0
3.5
0
0
80.0
9.3
0
Malaysia ....................
8.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
8.3
0
Philippines ................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
0
Taiwan ......................
80.0
0
0
0
0
0
80.0
0
0
Thailand ....................
3.5
0
0
3.5
0
0
0
0
0
Europe ..........................
7.0
0
0
0
7.0
0
0
0
0
Malta .........................
7.0
0
0
N. A.
7.0
0
0
0
0
Latin America ............
56.1
0
0
31.0
0
0
0
0.1
25.0
Bolivia .......................
3.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.0
Ecuador .....................
22.0
0
0
22.0
0
0
0
0
0
Guatemala .................
22.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1
22.0
Jamaica ......................
9.0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
Middle East ................ 3,076.7
15.0
105.7
.
355.8
0.8
205.0
1,864.2
0
730.4
0
0
Bahrain ...................... 218.3
0
0
39.9
0
0
178.4
0
0
Egypt ......................... 1,152.7
15.0
0
205.9
0
75.0
513.3
343.5
0
Jordan ........................ 374.7
0
12.5
51.2
0
10.0
230.0
71.0
0
Lebanon .................... 16.2
0
0.2
1.0
0
0
15.0
0
0
North Yemen ........... 215.6
0
0
0
0.1
0
215.5
0
0
Oman ......................... 455.0
0
0
27.6
0
0
170.0
257.4
0
South Yemen ........... 86.7
0
27.0
9.2
0.5
0
50.0
0
0
Syria ........................... 485.5
0
0
20.0
0
120.0
287.0
58.5
0
Turkey ....................... 72.0
0
66.0
1.0
0
0
5.0
0
0
South Asia ................... 824.6
131.5
107.7
50.7
1.5
0
388.0
145.2
0
Afghanistan ............... 7.0
0
6.7
0.2
0.1
0
0
0
0
Bangladesh ................ 307.9
0
0
0
1.0
0
217.0
89.9
0
India .......................... 373.6
130.0
100.0
0
0
0
100.0
43.6
0
Maldives .................... 11.6
1.0
0
5.5
0.1
0
2.0
3.0
0
Nepal ......................... 0.3
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
Pakistan ..................... 115.5
0.5
0
45.0
0
0
69.0
1.0
0
Sri Lanka ................. 8.7
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
7.7
0
' Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
SECRET 2 Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Total
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Libya
Qatar
Saudi
Arabia
UAE'
Other Y
Total ................................
2,764.1
358.6
237.7
489.5
119.3
57.5
1,101.3
369.8
30.4
Africa ..........................
207.7
27.5
5.0
7.4
31.6
1.0
74.5
48.0
12.7
Chad ........................
7.5
0
0
0
4.5
1.0
2.0
0
0
Ethiopia ...................
4.2
0.1
0
0
1.0
0
2.4
0
0.7
Gambia ....................
1.1
0
0
0
1.1
0
0
0
0
Guinea .....................
32.0
0
0
0
10.0
0
10.0
2.0
10.0
Mali .........................
2.5
0
0
0
1.5
0
1.0
0
0
Mauritania ..............
6.5
0
2.5
0
0
0
0
4.0
0
Morocco ...................
7.6
0.4
0
7.2
0
0
0
0
0
Niger .......................
3.5
0
0
0
0
0
3.1
0
0.4
Sahel countries' ....
6.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.0
0
Senegal ....................
15.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
Somalia ....................
13.1
0
2.5
0.2
0
0
10.0
0
0.4
Sudan .......................
65.9
27.0
0
0
0
0
8.9
30.0
0
Togo ........................
3.0
0
0
0
1.0
0
2.0
0
0
Tunisia .....................
6.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.0
0
Uganda ....................
32.6
0
0
0
12.5
0
20.1
0
0
Zambia ....................
1.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
East Asia ...................
15.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
Taiwan ....................
15.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
Europe ........................
5.0
0
0
0
0
0
5.0
0
0
Malta .......................
5.0
0
0
0
0
0
5.0
0
0
Latin America ..........
15.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15.2
Grenada ...................
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
Guyana .................... 15.0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15.0
Middle East .............. 1,969.9 11.1
111.1
482.1
70.7
55.0
979.6
258.8
1.5
Bahrain ....................
14.0
0
0
6.1
0
0
7.9
0
0
Cyprus .....................
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Egypt .......................
939.5
10.0
0
195.0
15.0
50.0
568.0
100.0
1.5
Jordan ......................
157.9
1.0
0
70.0
0
0
79.4
7.5
0
Lebanon ..................
34.5
0
27.5
3.0
0
0
3.0
1.0
0
North Yemen .........
69.1
0
16.6
5.1
0
5.0
34.3
8.1
0
Oman
86.9
0
0
0.9
0
0
57.0
29.0
0
54.7
0
17.0
2.0
5.7
0
30.0
0
0
Syria
613.2
0
50.0
200.0
50.0
0
200.0
113.2
0
South Asia ................. 551.3 320.0
121.6
0
17.0
1.5
27.2
63.0
1.0
Afghanistan ............. 17.8 10.0
2.6
0
0
0
5.2
0
0
Bangladesh .............. 45.5 0
9.0
0
1.0
1.5
10.0
23.0
1.0
India ........................ 170.0 60.0
110.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pakistan ................... 306.0 250.0
0
0
16.0
0
0
40.0
0
Sri Lanka ............... 12.0
0
0
0
0
12.0
0
0
' Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
3 Consists of Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, and Upper Volta.
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Total ..................................
Total
4,557.6
Iran
698.4
Iraq
278.7
Kuwait
599.5
Libya
108.2
Saudi
Arabia
1,923.7
Qatar
250.8
UAE'
675.5
Other 2
22.8
Africa ............................
332.5
33.1
11.5
7.4
35.8
195.8
23.7
20.2
5.0
Guinea .......................
11.0
0
0
0
0
0
10.0
0
1.0
Guinea-Bissau ...........
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
N.A.
N.A.
1.0
Lesotho ......................
1.0
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Mali ...........................
1.2
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
0
0
Mauritania ................
38.5
0
0
2.5
0
24.0
2.0
10.0
0
Morocco .....................
114.0
0
0
1.0
12.5
100.0
0
0.5
0
Mozambique .............
2.4
0
1.4
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Niger .........................
15.0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
0
Senegal ......................
1.6
0.1
0
0
0
0
1.5
0
0
Somalia ......................
59.8
0
10.1
2.7
17.0
14.5
6.0
7.5
2.0
Sudan .........................
56.8
27.0
0
1.2
0.4
25.0
1.0
2.2
0
Togo ..........................
1.0
0
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
Tunisia .......................
12.3
5.0
0
0
0
7.3
0
0
0
Uganda ......................
16.9
0
0
0
4.9
10.0
2.0
0
0
East Asia .....................
18.9
0
0
0
0
18.9
0
0
0
Taiwan ......................
15.0
0
0
0
0
15.0
0
0
0
Thailand ....................
3.9
0
0
0
0
3.9
0
0
0
Latin America ............
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Grenada .....................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Middle East ................
3,521.4
330.5
207.2
587.1
21.4
1,862.0
226.1
485.3
1.8
Bahrain ......................
22.8
0
0
10.8
0
7.0
0
5.0
0
Egypt .........................
2,014.9
325.0
153.6
190.8
0
905.4
103.6
336.5
0
Jordan ........................
.301.4
5.5
12.8
89.0
0
112.2
43.1
38.8
0
Lebanon ....................
30.9
0
2.2
3.4
0
15.5
4.6
3.4
1.8
North Yemen ...........
81.8
0
0
13.4
0.2
58.4
9.2
0.6
0
Oman .........................
197.2
0
0
1.2
0
145.0
0
51.0
0
South Yemen ...........
10.7
0
0
8.5
0.2
0
2.0
0
0
Syria ...........................
830.7
0
38.6
270.0
0
408.5
63.6
50.0
0
Turkey .......................
31.0
0
0
0
21.0
10.0
0
0
0
South Asia ...................
683.8
334.8
60.0
5.0
51.0
47.0
1.0
170.0
:15.0
Afghanistan ...............
18.2
3.2
10.0
0
0
5.0
0
0
0
Bangladesh ................
72.6
0.6
20.0
0
0
0
0
52.0
0
India ..........................
230.0
150.0
30.0
0
0
0
0
50.0
0
Pakistan .....................
362.0
181.0
0
5.0
50.0
42.0
1.0
68.0
115.0
Sri Lanka .................
1.0
0
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
' Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
2 Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
Total
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Libya
Qatar
Saudi
Arabia
UAE'
Other
Total ...............................
3,885.7
728.7
217.8
306.4
46.6
93.7
1,863.6
599.8
29.1
Africa ..........................
576.7
36.0
48.1
52.7
9.1
14.2
345.9
64.6
6.1
Benin .........................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Burundi .....................
1.0
0
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
Central African Em-
pire ........................
6.2
0
4.2
0
2.0
0
0
0
0
Chad ..........................
0.8
0
0
0.8
0
0
0
0
0
Comoro Islands...,....
2.3
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
1.3
Guinea .......................
6.7
0
1.5
0
0
4.0
0
0
1.2
Guinea-Bissau ...........
1.1
0
0
0
0.1
0
0
0
1.0
Kenya ........................
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
Mali ...........................
42.3
0
0
0
0
2.0
40.3
0
0
Mauritania ................
119.4
0
0
23.9
0
3.0
85.0
7.5
0
Morocco .....................
27.1
14.1
0
3.0
0
0
0
10.0
0
Mozambique .............
3.6
0
1.0
0
1.0
0
0
0
1.6
Niger .........................
5.8
0
0
0
0
0
5.8
0
0
Rwanda .....................
5.0
0
0
0
0
0
5.0
0
0
Senegal ......................
13.2
10.9
0
0
0
1.5
0:8
0
0
Sierra Leone ............
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
Somalia ......................
52.2
0
8.2
7.0
5.0
0
22.8
9.2
0
Sudan .........................
216.0
1.0
28.2
5.6
0
1.7
164.5
15.0
0
Tanzania ....................
4.6
0
0
4.6
0
0
0
0
0
Tunisia .......................
33.1
10.0
5.0
6.8
0
0
11.3
0
0
Uganda ......................
16.0
0
0
0
0
2.0
10.0
4.0
0
Zaire ..........................
18.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
18.9
0
Europe ........................
3.0
0
0
0
3.0
0
0
0
0
Malta .........................
3.0
0
0
0
3.0
0
0
0
0
Latin America ..........
23.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1
23.0
Bolivia .......................
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
Guatemala .................
22.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1
22.0
Middle East ..............
2,357.2
33.4
49.4
227.5
33.0
79.0
1,436.7
498.2
0
Bahrain ......................
111.9
0
0
5.4
0
0
101.4
5.1
0
Egypt .........................
1,003.8
15.0
0
107.1
10.0
60.0
565.7
246.0
0
Jordan ........................
317.8
6.5
17.7
35.0
0
10.0
180.2
68.4
0
Lebanon ....................
22.6
0
0.2
1.0
0
0
21.4
0
0
North Yemen ...........
149.0
0
15.0
6.0
3.0
5.0
115.0
5.0
0
Oman .........................
109.7
0
0
25.5
0
0
55.0
29.2
0
South Yemen ...........
94.7
0
0
19.7
20.0
0
50.0
5.0
0
Syria ...........................
513.3
0
0
26.8
0
4.0
343.0
139.5
0
Turkey .......................
34.4
11.9
16.5
1.0
0
0
5.0
0
0
South Asia .................
925.7
659.3
120.3
26.2
1.5
0.5
81.0
36.9
0
Afghanistan ...............
20.9
10.7
9.8
0.3
0.1
0
0
0
0
Bangladesh ................
23.2
13.5
0
4.8
1.0
0
0
3.9
0
India ..........................
600.0
480.0
100.0
0
0
0
0
20.0
0
Maldives ....................
3.4
1.0
0
0.3
0.1
0
2.0
0
0
Nepal .........................
0.6
0
0
0.3
0.3
0
0
0
0
Pakistan .....................
245.1
154.1
0
11.0
0
0
79.0
1.0
0
Sri Lanka .................
32.5
0
10.5
9.5
0
0.5
0
12.0
0
Virtually all UAE aid is from Abu Dhabi.
e Consists of Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela.
Approved For Release 2001/04/27 : CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
A M for Release 2001/04/27: CIA-RDP79B00457A000600040001-3
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t!AURICF'#:"'ERT 7
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FORM 2246
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6
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CONCURRENCE
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5.
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