JANIS 75 CHAPTER XII JOINT ARMY-NAVY INTELLIGENCE STUDY OF KOREA

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• Collection: General CIA Records
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• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
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• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: April 1, 1945
• Content Type: STUDY

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JANIS 75
CHAPTER XII
DOCUMENT NO.
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Non-registered
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SAKHALIN
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INDO-
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JOINT ARMY-NAVY INTELLIGENCE STUDY
OF
KOREA
(INCLUDING TSUSHIMA AND QUELPART)
DEFENSES
APRIL 1945
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List of Effective Pages, Chapter XII
CHANGE IN
SUBJECT MATTER EFFECT
Cover Page Original
List of Effective Pages arid Table of Contents,
Chapter XII (inside front cover) Original
Text Original
Figures (insert, reverse sides blank) Original
Imprint (inside back cover, reverse blank) Original
PAGE NUMBERS
unnumbered
unnumbered
pp. XII-1 to XII-10
Figures XII-1 to XII-8
unnumbered
Table of Contents
Note: This chapter is based upon Material available in Washington, D.C. on 1 March 1945.
Page
120. INTRODUCTION XII -1
121. ORGANIZATION OF ARMY DEFENSE FORCES . -1
A. Administrative and tactical functions XII -1
B. Disposition of forces XII - 1
(1) Location of identified units in Korea . . ? X [I - 1
(2) Location of identified units on Tsushima ? X [I - 1
122. SUPPLY AND MAINTENANCE . . XII -1
,A. General - 1
B. Availability of supplies XII - 1
C. Administration XII - 3
D. Location of supply depots XII - 3
E. Supply routes XII - 3
(1) General XII - 3
(2) Roads . - 3
(3) Rail XII - 4
(4) Sea XII - 5
123. FORTIFICATIONS X [I - 5
A. Fortified areas - 5
B. Mobile artillery X [I - 5
(1) Kyongsong (KeijO), Seoul XII - 5
(2) P'yongyang (Heijo) . . .. ?5
(3) Nanam (Ranan) xii - 5
Page
C Antiaircraft ixtillery XII - 8
D. Railroad artillery XII - 8
E. Air warning system, I XII - 8
F. Air raid precautions XII - 8
(1) Organization XII - 8
(2) Police XII-- 8
(3) Neighborhood associations (Tonari-gumi) XII - 8
(4) Warning . .. ... . . XII - 8
(5) Blackouts XII - 8
(6) Shelters XII - 8
(7) Fire control XII - 8
124. POTENTIAL DEFENSE AREAS XII -9
A. General XII - 9
B. Potential fortified areas . . . , XII - 9
(1) Taedasa-do (Daitasa-to, Tashitii) XII - 9
(2) Haeju (Kaishii) XII - 9
(3) Kunsan (Gunzan) XII - 9
(4) Ulsan-man (Urusan-wan) XII - 9
(5) Yongil-man (Geijitsu-wan) ^ XII - 9
(6) Changjon (Chosen) . . . ? XII - 9
(7) Hamhung-man (Kanko-wan) XII - 9
(8) Iwon Anchorage (Rigen Hakuchi) XII - 9
(9) Immyong-hae (Rimmei-kai) XII - 9
(10) Kidong-rnan (Kido-wan) XII-- 9
125. PRINCIPAL SOURCES XII -9
vestitiefor
Irr
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Chapter XII
Page XII - 1
DEFENSES
120. Introduction
Korea and the islands of Tsushima and Quelpart occupy a
strategic position in the inner defense of the Japanese Empire.
This area is an important military supply base for the Japanese
and serves as the basic route over which military supplies pass
between Japan and the interior of Asia. The Najin (Rashin)
area is of strategic importance because of its proximity to
Southeastern Siberia and particularly to the port of Vladivostok.
(A-2)
The fortifications are located so as to protect shipping be-
tween the Japanese Islands and the Asiatic mainland and to
guard the important ports, airfields, and industries of Korea.
(A-2)
While all available information on fortifications of Korea,
Tsushima, and Quelpart is given in this chapter, it is based
on fragmentary and often old reports. This is especially true
concerning Tsushima. Pusan (Fusan) is partly covered by
recent aerial photography which reveals a number of gun em-
placements. Fragmentary aerial photography is available for
Chinnamp'o (Chinnamp9), P'yongyang (HeijO), Inch'on
( Jinsen), Kyongsong (KeijO), Hungnam (Konan), Sinuiju
(Shingishia), and Quelpart (Saisha); however, it reveals little
information about fortifications in these areas.
An evaluation is given in parentheses after items or para-
graphs of the text.* However, no attempt is made to evaluate
the estimates of strength given in Topic 121 or the estimates
of capacities given in Topic 122 as these estimates are general-
izations made on the basis of many items of information, and
no single evaluation can be appropriately applied to them.
121. Organization of Army Defense
Forces
A. Administrative and tactical functions.
(FIGURE XII - 1)
Japanese Army forces in Korea are under the command of
the Korea Army with headquarters at Kyongsong (KeijO).
There are three divisional districts in Korea: Ranan, HeijO,
and Keijo. It is believed that Quelpart Island (Saishil-to) is
under the Korea Army and that Tsushima is a part of the
Kurume Divisional District under the jurisdiction of the West-
ern District Army with headquarters at Fukuoka, Japan. Japa-
nese ground strength in Korea is estimated to be 127,000, of
* The following system of evaluation provided for in Adjutant General letter
(AG 250.05) of 25 November 1942. Subject: Intelligence Reports?Relia-
bility Rating Designated by Symbol is used:
Evaluation on information source
A. Completely reliable
B. Usually reliable
C. Fairly reliable?
D. Not usually reliable
E. Unreliable
F. Unknown
Evaluation of information as to truth,
credibility, or probability
1. Report confirmed by other
2. Probably true report
3. Possibly true report
4. Doubtfully true report
5. Improbable report
0. Truth cannot be judged
sources
which 120,000 are army ground and 7,000 army air ground
troops.
B. Disposition of forces.
(FIGURE XII - 1)
The present disposition of identified major units in Korea
is shown in FIGURE XII - 1. No units have been identified on
Quelpart. Estimated strength of identified units is shown be-
low.
(1) Location of identified units in Korea.
UNIT
Korea Army Hq.
Ranan Division
Keijo Division
Heija Division
Mixed Regiment?
(not independent)
Rashin Fortress
Eilth Bay Fortress
Pusan Fortress
Reisiti Fortress
Other minor units
LOCATION
Kyongsong (KeijO) (Seoul)
Nanam (Ranan)
Kyongsong (KeijO) (Seoul)
P'yongyang (HeijO)
Unlocated
Najin (Rashin)
Wonsan (Genzan)
Pusan (Pusan)
Yosu (Reisui)
Total strength of identified units in Korea:
(2) Location of identified units on Tsushima.
UNIT LOCATION
Tsushima Fortress Tsushima
Total strength of identified units on Tsushima:
STRENGTH
500
20,000
20,000
20,000
4,000
2,000
2,000
3,100
2,400
12,300
86,300
STRENGTH
2,400
2,400
122. Supply and Maintenance
A. General.
The peninsula of Korea provides Japan with a strategic
military supply base and is an important source of raw ma-
terials for Japanese war production. The well developed
transportation facilities serve as a convenient bridge for mili-
tary supply movements between Japan and her occupied areas
in Asia.
Large quantities of all classes of military supplies are re-
ported stored throughout Korea. These supplies probably sup-
port the troops stationed there and may serve as reserves for
troops in Manchuria and Northern China. (B-2) Stores and
facilities of Quelpart and Tsushima are probably sufficient only
to maintain the troops and equipment located there. (F-3)
B. Availability of supplies.
(FIGURE XII - 2)
Provisions and forage are believed adequate. Numerous
rice-cleaning factories and rice stores in warehouses indicate
a probable sufficiency in rice reserves, while coastal waters af-
ford a supply of fish. The limited supply of meat and poultry
available in Korea is believed to be further curtailed by the
reported shipment of these items to Japan.
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Page XII - 2 DEFENSES
TABLE XII - 1
THE CHAIN OF SUPPLY ADMINISTRATION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE JAPANESE ARMY SUPPLY DEPOTS IN THE ZONE OF
INTERIOR (KOREA).
10 February 1945
JAPAN KOREA
War Ministry
(Tokyo)
No 1 Facto7y1
Fusan Agency
(Transportation)
1
Heijo Fact]
Ordnance Administration Hcf
jinsen Arsenal
,1
Tech TrngTenl
(Tokyo)
Heijo Ordnance
Supply Depot HE?.I
Fuhei Branch 1
... Kenjiho Bra7;11
Fuel Depot
(Tokyo)
Fusan Agency (Storage and Distribution)
...{
Branc171
Main Clothing Depot HrMukden
(Tokyo) 1 (Manchuria)
L
s.
i
J
Rashin Agency (Storage and Distributio_jn)
Main Medical Supply Depot
(Tokyo)
Fusan Agency (Storage and Distribution)
[Tr
_{ ..
Main Provisions and . Mukden Branch i
Forage Depot (Toky.o) , (Manchuria) i,
4 Main Military Supply Depot
(Tokyo)
4Main Veterinary Supply Depot
(Tokyo)
Rashin Agency (Storage and Transportation)
?1 Fusan Agency (Storage and Distribution)
Fusan Agency (Storage and Distribution)
Remount Depot Hq
(Tokyo)
?
Fusan Agency (Storage and Distribution)1
Korea remount Depot - Kainei
Yuki Branch
r _ designate Branch depots in area other than japan or Korea
- affecting the supply administration of Korea.
Hokai Agenc-71
Keiko Agenc71
Keigen Age]r
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The clothing supply for Japan's armed forces on the penin-
sula appears to present little difficulty. The large clothing de-
pots at Pusan (Fusan) and Najin (Rashin) probably main-
tain clothing reserves for supplying the troops in training, in
staging areas, and those already on operational duty in Korea.
(B-2)
Korea is an important center for the manufacture and dis-
tribution of small arms and, in general, is a transit area for the
storage and distribution of other ordnance materiel. Reserves
of ammunition are held in many warehouses and revetted stor-
age areas, as well as at arsenals and explosives plants.
Some gasoline and oil are produced synthetically in Korea
and are supplemented by imports. Numerous warehouses and
open storage areas have been reported to contain gasoline and
oil in drums. Tank storage and distribution are facilitated by
ship-shore oil pipe lines believed to be in operation at Pusan
(Fusan) and Munp'yong (Bunhei-6). (A-2)
C. Administration.
The over-all administration of military supply is centered in
the War Ministry at Tokyo. This responsibility passes through
lower administrative echelons in Japan proper to administra-
tive headquarters in Korea. (A-2)
The functions of the War Ministry are not too clear with
respect to control in the production of supplies; the procure-
ment, storage, and distribution of supplies; and their trans-
portation. It is believed, however, that in Korea the Army
exercises a more direct control over these activities than the
War Ministry does in Japan.
TABLE XII - 1 indicates the various types of duties per-
formed by the respective depots or agencies, as well as the
chain of administrative command from the major depot in
Japan to its corresponding branch depot or agency in Korea
or Manchuria.
A supply depot or a branch supply depot probably func-
tions in the actual receipt, storage, and distribution of supplies,
while an agency appears to be concerned more with the "desk
work" for the processing of supplies in a local area. (A-3)
D. Location of supply depots.
(FIGURE XII - 2)
Concentrations of speCific types of supply installations
throughout Korea emphasize the strategic disposition of some
types of supplies with respect to Manchuria and the Southeast
Siberian frontier. Remount depots are located in the north-
eastern part of the peninsula. The central and northwestern
areas contain important groupings of arsenals and munitions
plants with nearby stores of ammunition and ordnance ma-
terials. Along the southern coast many warehouses and storage
areas serve as transit points for Japanese military supplies to the
interior of the Asiatic continent. It is probable that numerous
arehouse areas for military supplies are conveniently located
along the railroads in the interior of Korea. (A-2)
The supply installations and supply points of Korea are lo-
cated by coordinates in the following list. Known details of
these locations are included in FIGURE XII - 2.
Aoji-dong (Agochi-do)
42?
32' N 130?
25' E
Ch'aho (Shako)
400
12' N 128?
39' E
Chinhae (Chinkai)
350
09' N 128?
39' E
Chinju (Shinshil)
35?
13' N 128?
05' E
Chinnamp'o (Chinnampo)
38?
43' N 125?
23' E
Ch'onan (Ten an)
36?
49' N 127?
08' E
Ch'ongjin (Seishin)
41?
46' N 129?
48' E
Hamhung (Kanko)
390
55' N 127?
31' E
Haeju (Kaisha)
38?
04' N 125?
42' E
Hoeryong (Kainei)
42?
26' N 129?
45' E
Hoshui (place name cannot
be confirmed)
42?
08' N 130?
04' E
Hungnam (KOnan)
39?
52' N 127?
33' E
Inch'on (Jinsen)
37?
28' N 126?
37' E
Kapsan (KOzan)
41?
05' N 128?
18' E
Kumsan (Kinsan)
36?
06' N 127?
30' E
Kunsan (Glinsan)
36?
00' N 126?
43' E
Kyomip'o (Kenjiho)
38?
45' N 125?
37' E
Kyonghung (KeikO)
42?
37' N 130?
30' E
Kyongsong (Keija) (Seoul)
37?
32' N 126?
57' E
Kyongwon (Keigen)
42?
49' N 130?
09' E
Masan (Masan)
350
11' N 128?
34' E
Mokp'o (Moppo)
340
46' N 126?
23' E
Munp'yong (Bunhei-ri)
39?
15' N 127?
23' E
Najin (Rashin)
42?
09' N 130?
16' E
Nanam (Ranan)
41?
44' N 129?
42' E
P'ung hae (Hokai)
47?
10' N 129?
43' E
Pup'y ong (Fuhei)
36?
45' N 126?
28' E
Pusan (Fusan)
350
06' N 129?
02' E
Samch'ok (Sanchoku)
370
25' N 129?
10' E
SariWon (Shariin)
38?
32' N 125?
45' E
Sinuiju (Shingishti)
40?
05' N 124?
20' E
Sohojin (Seikoshin)
39?
49' N 127?
36' E
Songjin (JOshin)
40?
41' N 129?
10' E
Taedasa-do (Daitasa-to)
39?
54' N 124?
22' E
Taep (Taikya)
35?
53' N 128?
36' E
Ulsan (Urusan)
35?
32' N 129?
20' E
Unggi (Yaki)
42?
19' N 130'
24' E
Wonsan (Genzan)
39?
10' N 127?
26' E
Yongamp'o (Ryugampo)
39?
56' N 124?
22' E
Yongan (Eian)
41?
16' N 129?
30' E
Yongwol (Neietsu)
37?
10' N 128?
29' E
Yosu (Reisui)
34?
44' N 127?
45' E
Yunai (place name cannot
be confirmed)
42?
50' N 130?
09' E
Quelpart (Saishii-to) Island
Tsushima Island
E. Supply routes.
( FIGURE XII - 3)
( I) General.
Korea's rail and road network is most highly developed
along the west coast, in the south, and in the extreme north-
east. In general, main lines of communication run north and
south with comparatively few through connections between
the east and west coasts, outside the southern area. Rivers are
generally shallow and are not believed to be used to any sig-
nificant extent for military traffic beyond those ports open to
ocean-going vessels. Good seaports are numerous along the
south and west coasts, but on the east coast there has been very
little development south of Wonsan (Genzan). (B-2)
(2) Roads.
Main highways largely parallel the rail lines and provide
additional, secondary, means of transportation. However, in
certain areas in which the railroads have not been extensively
developed, highways perform a relatively more important serv-
ice. This is particularly true in the north.
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Confidential
The main trunk highways form a large "X" with Kyongsong
(KeijO) at the hub, Pusan (Fusan) and Mokp'o (Moppo) at
the southern terminals, and Sinuiju (Shingishii) and Najin
(Rashin) at the northern terminals. Another important high-
way connects P'yongyang (HeijO) and Wonsan (Genzan).
(B-2)
While Korea has an extensive network of roads, only those
deemed suitable for military traffic are shown in FIGURE XII - 3.
They have been classified as primary and secondary highways.
The primary highways (daily capacity in each direction, es-
timated to be 1,000 to 1,500 short tons), usually have a hard
or gravel surface and are generally capable of two-way, all-
weather service. In and adjacent to major cities, they are fre-
quently paved with asphalt.
The secondary highways (daily capacity in each direction,
500 to 1,000 short tons), include roads generally with gravel
surface, capable of two-way travel, although averaging some-
what less in width than the above group, and at times im-
passable during wet weather. (B-2)
The daily capacity figures given above are based on the use
of the standard 11/2-ton Japanese military truck loaded with
military supplies. Actual loads carried will vary according to
local conditions of terrain. The upper range of the estimated
capacity figures are generally applicable to the coastal regions
and those in the lower range to mountainous regions. How-
ever, in the strategic Hamgyong-pukto (Kankyo-hokudo) Prov-
ince it may be expected that mountain roads will be better
than average. Rain (especially in July and August) and spring
thaws hinder travel on secondary highways, while snow is
sometimes a problem in the northern area. Gravel for main-
tenance is readily obtainable in most areas. (B-2)
(3) Rail.
The main rail route in Korea extends from the port of
Pusan (Fusan) northward through Kyongsong (Keijo) and
P'yongyang (HeijO) to An-tung in Manchuria. It is believed
to be completely double-tracked as far north as the vicinity of
P'yongyang (HeijO), but between that city and the Manchurian
border some points are known to be single-tracked. Between
Kyongsong (KeijO) and Pusan (Fusan) an alternate route is
available via Kyongju (Keishii) and Andong (AntO), but
this is much inferior to the main line in carrying capacity. Out-
side the extreme southern part of the peninsula there are but
two lines which provide through rail transportation between
the east and west coasts. These connect Wonsan (Genzan)
with Kyongsong (KeijO) and P'yongyang (HeijO), respec-
tively. North from Wonsan (Genzan) an important single-
track line runs to the port of Ch'ongjin (Seishin) which in
turn is connected by a large loop with the Manchurian rail-
ways and the port of Najin (Rashin). This loop is reported to
have double,track in some sections, one such stretch being lo-
cated between Hoeryong (Kainei) and Sangsambong (Kami-
sambO). All important ports are joined with the rail network.
(B-2)
The principal lines are standard gauge (4' 81/2" ) but there
are numerous spur lines, most of them serving mines, which
are narrow gauge (2' 6"). (B-2)
In South Korea a proposed extension between Chinju
(Shinshii) and Sunch'on ( Junten), with a connection to the
port of Sarrich'onp'o (Sanzenho), may be completed, but re-
liable confirmation ic lacking. (B-2)
TABLE XII - 2
RAIL CAPACITIES FOR MILITARY SUPPLIES
LINES
NORTH KOREA
Wonsan - Ch'ongjin
(Genzan - Seishin)
Paegam - Yonsa
(Hakugan - Ensha)
P'yongyang - Wonsan
.
(HeijO - Genzan)
P'yongyang - Manp'ojin
(Heijo - Mampochin)
P'yongyang - Sungho-ri
- Shokori)
Kyongsong - An-tung
(KeijO - An-tung)
Kyongsong - P'yongyang
(KeijO - Hello)
P'yongyang - An-tung
(HeijO - An-tung
Kilchu - Hyesanjin
(Kisshu - Keizanchin)
Ch'ongjin. - Najin
(Seishin - Rashin)
Sinanju - Kaech'on
(Shinanshu - Kaisen)
Sinuiju - Taedasa-do
(Shingisha - Daitasa-tO)
Sungho-ni - Tokch'on
(Sh8kori - Tokusen)
Chongju - Sup'ung-dong
(Teishii - Suiho-do)
CENTRAL KOREA
T'osong-ni - Ongjin
. (Dojo-ri - Oshin)
Wonsan - Kangnung
(Genzan - Koryo)
P'yongyang - Chinnamp'o
(HeijO- Chinnampo)
Kyongsong - Wonsan
(KeijO - Genzan)
Kwangju - Kyomip'o
(KoshO - Kenjiho)
Sariwon - Changyon
(Shariin - Choen)
Sariwon - Haeju
(Shariin - Kaishii)
Kyongsong - Inch'on
(Keijo - Jinsen)
SOUTH KOREA
Pusan - Kyongju - Taegu
(Fusan - Keisha - Taiky0
Sunch'on - SOnglong-ni
(Junten - ShOtei-ri)
Kyongsong - Pusan
(Keijo - Fusan)
Kyongsong - Kyongju
(Keijo - Keish8.)
Kumch'on - Andong
(Kinsen - Anto)
I-ri - Kunsan
(Ri-ri - Gunzan)
1-ri - Yosu
(Ri-ri - Reisui)
Samnangjin - Chinju
(Sanroshin - Shinsha)
Taejon - Mokp'o
(Taiden - Moppo)
Ch'onan - Changhung-ni
(Ten an - Shoko-ri)
ESTIMATED PRESENT
CAPACITY PER DAY
NO. SHORT
TRAINS TONS
ESTIMATED MAXIMUM
CAPACITY PER DAY
NO. SHORT
TRAINS TONS
10
4,000
15
6,000
5
1,700
7
2,380
10
3,500
15
5,250
5
1,700
7
2,380
6
1,500
10
2,500
30
19,800
45
29,700
25
16,500
30
19,800
5
1,700
7
2,380
10
5,500
15
8,250
s
3,900
12
6,000
8
5,200
10
6,500
6
1,500
10
2,500
5
1,700
7
2,380
s
1,600
12
2,400
6
2,900
10
5,000
10
8,200
15
12,300
10
6,600
15
9,900
10
8,200
15
12,300
8
1,600
12
2,400
8
1,600
12
2,400
15
12,300
20
16,400
8
3,900
15
7,500
8
3,900
12
6,000
30
19,800
45
29,700
5
1,700
7
2,380
6
2,900
10
5,000
10
6,500
15
9,750
10
4,900
15
7,350
10
6,500
15
9,750
10
6,500
15
9,750
s
3,900
12
6,000
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Page XII -5
The estimated daily capacities of the main railway lines are
shown in TABLE XII - 2. Computation has been based on the
grade, track conditions, sizes and types of locomotives in use,
and the quantity of rolling stock available.
(4) Sea.
FIGURE XII - 2
Port capacities indicated in FIGURE XII - 2 have been esti-
mated on the basis of known port facilities. Consideration has
been given to the loading and unloading of vessels at anchor by
lighters and coasters, as well as to their servicing alongside
wharves and quays. Although data on the observed shipping in
this area is incomplete, it is believed that the figures given for
port capacities constitute a reasonable estimate.
Adequate road, rail, and storage facilities are believed avail-
able to handle the incoming shipments of military supplies.
The significance of the proximity of Pusan (Fusan) to Japan,
with respect to her problem of supply movements to the conti-
nent of Asia, has warranted the expansion of the facilities at its
port. The port's present capacity has been estimated at 20,000
long tons per 10-hour day. A ferry service is operating between
Pusan (Fusan) and the Japanese port of Shimonoseki. Najin
(Rashin) on the northeastern coast of Korea has an estimated
port capacity of 13,700 long tons per 10-hour day and is be-
lieved to handle shipments from the ports of northern Honshu
and Hokkaido. (A-2)
Along the western coast two major supply depots, Kyongsong
(KeijO) and P'yongyang (Heijo), are reported being served
regularly through the ports of Inch'on ( Jinsen) and Chin-
namp'o (Chinnampo) respectively. (F-2)
Information is lacking as to ports on the islands of Quelpart
and Tsushima. A packet steamer of very low tonnage has car-
ried passengers from the mainland of Korea to a small pier at
the town of Cheju (SaishO) on the northern coast of Quelpart.
(F-2) On the eastern coast a submarine base has been reported
in operation. Tsushima Island is reported having many anchor-
ages, Takeshiki, Izuhara, and Kin being three of the largest.
(F-3) A torpedo boat base is indicated at Kusubo, a town on one
of the smaller islands.
123. Fortifications
A. Fortified areas.
(FIGURES XII - 5, XII - 6, XII - 7, and XII - 8)
The principal fortified areas in Korea and the islands of
Tsushima and Quelpart are centered around Pusan (Fusan),
Najin (Rashin), Wonsan (Genzan), and Aso-wan (Tsushi-
ma Sound). Coast defenses are also at Chinnamp'o (Chinnam-
po) , Inch'on ( Jinsen), and Yosu (Reisui) . The principal
industrial regions are defended by light concentrations of anti-
aircraft defenses. (A-2) Recent reports indicate that extensive
marine minefields are in the Korea and Tsushima-kaikyo
(straits) and in the Najin (Rashin) area. (B-2)
The defenses concentrated around Pusan and Tsushima are
intended to protect the highly strategic supply route between
Japan proper and the Korean Peninsula and to prevent passage
from the East China Sea to the Sea of Japan either through the
Korea Strait or the Tsushima Strait. The fortifications located in
the Najin (Rashin) area protect the strategic Korea-Soviet bor-
der and the important ports of Najin (Rashin) and Unggi
(Yuki). The defenses in the fortified area of Wonsan (Gen-
zan) defend a potentially important naval station and harbor.
(A-2)
A comprehensive outline of known fortifications as of 10
February 1945 is presented in the following figures.
FIGURE XII - 5?Korea: including Tsushima and Quelpart, Forti-
fications.
FIGURE XII - 6?Tsushima, Fortifications.
FIGURE XII - 7?Pusan Ho (Fusan-lcO), Fortifications.
FIGURE XII - 8?Wonsan (Genzan) and Yonghung-man (Eikto-
wan), Fortifications.
All known information on armament of the various fortifi-
cations is given. However, in some instances, the specific models
of weapons are not known. TABLES XII - 3 and XII - 4 contain
specifications concerning weapons that may be found in Korea
and the islands of Tsushima and Quelpart.
TABLE XII - 3?Japanese Fixed Coastal Guns.
TABLE XII - 4?Japanese Mobile Artillery.
B. Mobile artillery.
Mobile artillery units have been located in the general areas
listed below. The normal armament of each unit is indicated in
parentheses. Characteristics of individual weapons are given in
TABLE XII - 4.
(I) Kyongsong, (KeijO), Seoul.
One field artillery regiment replacement unit (component of
depot division) with 6 Model 95 (1935) or Improved Model
38 (1905) 75-mm. field guns and 6 Model 91 (1931) 105-
mm. howitzers is located here.
(2) P'yongyang (HeijO).
One field artillery regiment replacement unit (component
of depot division), with 3 Model 95 (1935) or Improved
Model 38 (1905) 75-mm. field guns, 6 Model 91 (1931) 105-
mm. howitzers, and 3 Model 4 ( 1915 ) 150-mm. howitzers is
located here.
(3)Nanam (Ranan).
One mountain artillery regiment replacement unit (com-
ponent of depot division) with 9 Model 94 (1934) 75-mm.
mountain guns is located at Nanam.
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CALIBER
3 inches
3 inches
4 inches
120-mm.
(4.7 inches)
120-mm.
(4.7 inches)
5 inches
150-mm.
(5.9 inches)
150-mm.
(5.9 inches)
6 inches
6 inches
6 inches
6 inches
6 inches
155-mm.
(6.1 inches)
194-mm.
(7.6 inches)
8 inches
8 inches
8 inches
9.2 inches
9.2 inches
240-mm.
(9.4 inches)
240-mm.
(9.4 inches)
10 inches
10 inches
270-mm.
(10.6 inches)
270-mm.
(10.6 inches)
10.8 inches
280-mm.
(11 inches)
305-mm.
(12 inches)
305-mm.
(12 inches)
12 inches
IDENTIFICATION
Model 10 (1921)
dual purpose gun
Model 3 (1914) naval gun
Unknown
LENGTH
IN
CALIBERS
TABLE XII - 3
JAPANESE FIXED COASTAL GUNS
February f 945
WEIGHT OE
PROJECTILE
SHELLS (POUNDS)
40 Armor-piercing 12.5
high explosive
45 High explosive 12.5
Destroyer MINEKAZE class 45
Model 3 (1914) naval gun
Model 38 (1905)
120-mm. Howitzer
Standard naval
dual purpose
gun
Model 45 (1912)
150-mm. gun
Unknown
Cruiser IWATE class naval
gun
Battleship KONGO class
naval gun
Mark VII British coast de-
fense gun on Mark II mount
Mark VII British coast de-
fense gun on Mark III mount
Mark VII British coast de-
fense gun on Mark V mount
Schneider naval gun
Unknown
Armstrong-Whitworth naval
gun (1905)
Russian naval gun
Armstrong-Whitworth naval
gun
British coast defense gun
on Mark VII mount
British coast defense gun
on Mark V mount
Model 45 (1912 howitzer)
French gun, model of 1884
(believed to be a Canet
gun), or Japanese copy
Russian naval gun
Armstrong-Whitworth
naval gun
Schneider 1893-96 gun
Schneider 1893 gun
Gun, unknown
Japanese modification of
Italian type howitzer
30-cm. howitzer
(short)
30-cm. howitzer
(long)
Japanese gun
50
Armor-piercing
high explosive
PENETRATION
EFFECT
(INCHES AT 90 ? )
1.1 at 5,000 yards
MUZZLE
VELOCITY
(FEET PER
SECOND)
2,200
2,200
TRA-
MAXIMUM RANGE* ELEVATION* VERSE* *
(YARDS) (DEGREES) (DEGREES)
11,600 (vertical 85
range 20,000 ft.)
45 1.7 at 10,000 yards 2,800 17,600
63 1.5 at 20,000 yards 2,900 21,000
Armor-piercing 101
high explosive 89
Armor-piercing
40 Armor-piercing
50 Armor-piercing
100 2.6 at 15,000 yards 2,800 14,000
100 2.2 at 15,000 yards 2,300 18,000
100 2,525 14,100
100 2,500 15,000
100 2,525 21,700
50 Armor-piercing 123.5
45 Armor-piercing 254 7 at 5,000 yards
(estimated
45
40 Armor-piercing
45 Armor-piercing
2,854
25,000
(estimated)
-5 to +20
45
-5 to +43
85
20
20
30
254 2.5 at 20,000 yards 2,600 21,000 35
380 2,825 31,300 35
(with super (with super charge)
charge)
45 Armor-piercing 380
16.2 High explosive 440
Armor-piercing
high explosive
26 Armor-piercing
45 Armor-piercing 9.75 at 5,000 yards
45 10.5 at 5,000 yards
40 Armor-piercing 580
45 Armor-piercing 579.1
40 Armor-piercing
16.4 Armor-piercing 880
24 Armor-piercing 880
45 Armor-piercing
16 at 5,000 yards
2,700 19,300
1,300 11,300
19,000
2,700 Over 20,000
2,600 26,000
24,000
7,300
1,310 13,080
16,570
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360
3
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
265
+45 to +65 360
-5 to +38 20
25
+45 to +65 360
360
360
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LENGTII
IN
CALIBER IDENTIFICATION CALIBERS
12 inches English 40
14 inches Battleship KONGO class 40
naval gun
16 inches Battleship NAGATO class 45
naval gun
*Maximum elevations indicated for naval guns
quently, the maximum range.
'*Thc traverses of naval guns are limited by ship structure when mounted on ships, and by terrain only when mounted on land.
TABLE XII - 3 Continued
WEIGIIT OF
PROJECTILE
SHELLS ( POUNDS )
Armor-piercing
Armor-piercing 1400
MUZZLE
PENETRATION VELOCITY
EFFECT ( FEET PER
(INCHES AT 90?) SECOND)
12 at 5,000 yards
6.5 at 30,000 yards 2,600
Armor-piercing 2,200 10 at 30,000 yards 2,592
TRA-
MAXIMUM RANGE* ELEVATION* VERSE* *
(YARDS) (DEGREES) (DEGREES)
32,000
36,000
apply to ship mounts. The character of the land mounting would affect
35 360
35 360
the maximum elevation and, conse-
TABLE XII - 4
JAPANESE MOBILE ARTILLERY
February 1945
WEIGIIT MUZZLE
OF VELOCITY
PROJECTILE ( FEET
RANGE
ELEVATION
TRAVERSE
WEIGHT IN
FIRING
POSITION
WEIGHT IN
TRAVELING
POSITION
RATE
(ROUNDS
PER
WEAPON SHELLS ( POUNDS ) PER SECOND)
(YARDS)
(DEGREES)
(DEGREES)
DRAFT
( POUNDS )
(POUNDS)
MINUTE)
Model 98 (1938) High explosive with tracer,
0.30 2,720
Horizontal
-10 to
360
Horse
836
865
120
20-mm. AA ma- self-destroying
5,450 yards
+85
(without
chine cannon Armor-piercing with tracer
0.35
Effective
ceiling
wheels)
4,000 feet
Model 1 (1941) High explosive
3.37 2,722
3,900
-11 to
60
Motor truck
1,660
1,760
12
47-mm. gun Armor-piercing high explosive 3.08 (armor-pierc-
+19
ing high
explosive)
Model 88 (1928) High explosive
14.5 2,360
15,000 yards
- 5 to
360
Motor truck
5,400
6,000
10 to 15
75-mm. AA gun Shrapnel
Illuminating
Effective
ceiling
+85
High explosive pointed
22,500 feet
AA High explosive pointed
Model 94 (1934) High explosive
75-mm. mountain Armor-piercing high explosive
gun Shrapnel
14 1,300
8,800
yards
-10 to
+45
40
Pack
1,200
1,100
10
Smoke
Incendiary
Illuminating
Model 38 (1905) High explosive
improved 75-mm. Armor-piercing high explosive
gun Shrapnel
14 1,700
11,700 (with
high explosive
pointed
- 8 to
+43
7
Horse
2,400
4,200
10
Smoke
Model 90 (1930) Incendiary
75-mm. gun Illuminating
High explosive pointed
14 2,230
15,000 (with
high explosive
pointed)
- 8 to
+43
50
Tractor
3,500
4,400
10
Model 95 (1935)
75-mm. gun
14 1,700
11,700 (with
high explosive
pointed)
- 8 to
+43
50
Horse
2,450
4,250
10
Model 92 (1932) High explosive
105-mm. gun Armor-piercing high explosive
High explosive pointed
35 2,500
20,000 (with
high explosive
pointed)
- 5 to
-1- 45
36
Tractor
8,200
9,600
6
Incendiary
Model 91 (1931) Shrapnel
35 1,800
12,000
- 5 to
40
Horse
3,300
4,300
6
105-mm. how-
itzer
-1-45
Model 99 (1939) High explosive
105-mm. Moun-High explosive pointed
tain gun
30
6,000 (with
high explosive)
18
Horse
Of
Pack
1,650
1,750
2 to 4
Model 96 (1936) High explosive
150-mm. Armor-piercing high explosive
howitzer High explosive pointed
70-80 1,800
12,000 (with
high explosive
pointed)
- 5 to
+65
30
Tractor
9,100
11,000
3 to 4
Shrapnel
Model 4 (1915) Smoke
150-mm. Illuminating
howitzer
70-80 1,300
9,500 (with
high explosive)
- 5 to
+65
6
Horse
6,100
2 loads
heavier
4,850
3 to 4
Model 89 (1929) High explosive
150-mm. gun Armor-piercing high explosive
80-100 2,500
20,000 (with
high explosive)
- 5 to
+ 43
40
Tractor
22,950
2 loads
heavier
1 to 2
High explosive pointed
17,200
Shrapnel
Model 45 (1912) High explosive
240-mm. Armor-piercing high explosive
howitzer
440
11,300 (with
armor-piercing
high explosive)
- 2 to
+65
360
Tractor
70,000
Heaviest
load
14,500
1
Model 90 (1930) High explosive
440 3,560
55,775
0 to
360
Locomotive 292,000
240-mm. Schnei-Armor-piercing high explosive
der railway gun
+ 50
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C. Antiaircraft artillery.
The following antiaircraft units have been located in Korea:
2 antiaircraft defense regiments with 16 or 24 Model 88
(1928) 75-mm. antiaircraft guns each; 1 independent antiair-
craft defense battalion with 8 or 12 Model 88 (1928) 75-mm.
antiaircraft guns; 1 independent antiaircraft artillery battalion
with 8 or 12 Model 88 (1928) 75-mm. antiaircraft guns; and
2 independent antiaircraft artillery companies with 4 or 6
Model 88 (1:928) 75-mm. antiaircraft guns each.
D. Railroad artillery.
The first 240-mm. Schneider railway gun was purchased by
the Japanese in 1929. It is reported that 30 of these guns are
now in the possession of the Japanese. While no Japanese rail-
way guns are known to be in Korea, it is probably possible to
operate this or a similar gun on the main railway lines in Korea.
Detailed specifications of this gun are given in TABLE XII - 3.
E. Air warning system.
Details pertaining to the air defense system in Korea, Tsu-
shima, and Quelpart are incomplete and fragmentary. Despite
this, factual information is available to indicate that an air de-
fense system similar to that in Japan proper has been estab-
lished and has in operation an adequate warning system to de-
tect approaching aircraft.
The use of airplane searches, radio search receivers, visual
observers on land and in boats, and early warning radar, which
is capable of detecting. aircraft and surface vessels at a distance
of 70 miles, enables the Japanese to detect approaching air-
planes before they are over Korea or parts of Japan proper.
Information pertaining to advance detection of Allied bombers
is not available.
It is believed that a systematic airplane search is maintained
off the southern and southeastern coasts of Korea presumably
for the primary purpose of detecting surface vessels and sub-
marines. These searches, which may extend as far as 100 and
200 miles out to sea, also afford possibilities of reporting air-
craft.
Vedette and patrol boats are stationed some distance off the
coast. These are, in many cases, equipped with radio to report
their observations. Those not so equipped signal visually to
nearby larger boats having radio equipment.
It is further believed that visual observation posts, supple-
mented in some cases by sound facilities, are spotted at various
points for the purpose of reporting the presence of airplanes
and surface vessels as soon as they are within visual or audible
range.
Radar installations are known to be located on the island of
Quelpart. The approximate locations of these are shown on
FIGURE XII -5.
Reports received by way of the various air warning facilities
are promptly broadcast through the Headquarters of the Chin-
hae (Chinkai) Guard District to various points within the Japa-
nese Empire, including the War and Navy Ministries in Tokyo.
The commUnications network available to the Japanese armed
forces is very good. (A-2)
F. Air raid precautions.
(1) Organization.
The Air Defense Headquarters, attached to the Home Min-
istry, is the central body supervising civilian defense activities,
establishing policy, and conducting research in air raid pre-
eaution problems. It is headed by the Home Minister of Japan
and includes representatives of other ministries. Members of the
Home Ministry's Police Bureau hold important positions in the
Headquarters, and the police in general are charged with the
immediate supervision of air raid precaution functions as they
are performed by the Neighborhood Associations ( Tonari-
gumi) and by various volunteer groups.
(2) Police.
It is probable that a new police unit, the Keibitai, similar to
that formed in Japan proper in April 1944 has been estab-
lished for the maintenance of peace and order during emergen-
4ies. These police were not to engage in ordinary police adminis-
tration business but to undergo special training on military lines.
is reported that the National Defense Association maintains a
raining institute at Kyongsong (Keiji)") where such training
is being conducted.
(3) Neighborhood associations (Tonari-gumi).
. Neighborhood associations, of which everyone is a member,
have been established. The members of these act as air raid
wardens and are trained in fire fighting and first aid. Their
activities have been largely in the hands of women, but it is
now believed that men have been urged to take a larger part in
neighborhood air raid activities.
(4) Warning.
Sirens are used, but the population has been warned to expect
alarms by bells, flags, and signal light as well. There are three
sirens signals: alert, air raid, and all clear, the first and last be
ing similar. There is also provision for warning by local war-
dens, who shout the warning and all clear through megaphones.
Gas mains are to be turned off as soon as the alert sounds and
the use of telephones by the general public is prohibited for
five hours after the all clear.
(5) Blackouts.
Blackouts are known to have been practiced for a number of
years. (A-1) No information is available as to the extent of
their perfection.
(6) Shelters.
Information as to what provisions have been made for air
raid shelters is very meager. There is a small number of modern
buildings in the more important towns of Korea capable of
affording effective shelters. The only other reported shelter is
of the trench type. (A -2 )
(7) Fire control.
Fire control has been recognized by the Japanese Govern-
ment as a major problem in the event of air raids. Information
on actual procedure is scattered and incomplete.
To make sufficient- water available, a number of under-
ground reservoirs have been built in important centers as prep-
aration for air raids. An important measure aimed at preventing
the spread of fire has been the prohibition of the construction
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of houses with straw roofs and the erection of any buildings at
all in certain areas. (A-1)
The air defense system in Korea, Tsushima, and Quelpart is
believed to be far from complete. This is predicated upon the
assumption that the Japanese armed forces believe that all large-
scale Allied air attacks will be directed against the important
and strategic areas in Japan proper for some time to come. It is
further believed that the native Koreans are reluctant to give
wholehearted cooperation in carrying out their duties.
124. Potential Defense Areas
A. General.
(FIGURE XII - 5)
Several coastal areas not listed in Topic 123 as fortified are
believed suitable for operations against strategically important
inland areas. For this reason these areas may have coastal de-
fenses or may be provided with them in the future.
In addition to the antiaircraft defenses shown in Topic 123,
similar installations probably exist in other areas which contain
important airfields, ports, and industries.
B. Fotenti al fortified areas.
The potential fortified areas are listed below and are shown
On FIGURE XII - 5.
( I) Taedasa-do (Daitasa-tO, T ashitO).
This growing industrial are commanding the mouth of the
Yalu River, contains an important newly developed port, muni-
tions plants, and an airfield. (A-2)
(2) Haeju (Kaishn).
This area contains a large explosives plant, a cement plant, an
airfield, and port facilities. (A-2)
(3) Kunsan (Gunzan).
This area includes a potential landing beach in the vicinity
of a strategic railroad junction as well as an airport. (B-2)
(4) Ulsan-man (Urusan-wan).
Landings on the beach in this area would by-pass the heavy
fortifications of Pusan (Fusan) and would make possible an
enveloping movement toward Pusan and Chinhae (Chinkai).
The east coast railroad line is only a few miles from the coast
in the area. An airfield is located here. (B-2)
(5) Y ongil-man (Geijitsu-wan).
At the head of this bay there is a potential landing beach in
close proximity to a rail center on the coastal railroad. (B-2)
(6) Changjon (Chosen).
This area contains port facilities and a potential landing
beach. The coastal railway leading to the important port of
Wonsan (Genzan), about 48 miles northwest, runs very near
the sea at this point. (A-2)
(7) Hamhung-man (KankO-wan).
Landings along the beach in this area would permit a direct
approach to the important industrial district centering in
Hungnam (Konan). The port of Wonsan is 45 miles to the
south. (B-2)
(8) Iwon Anchorage (Rigen Hakuchi).
The area at the head Iwon Anchorage (Roadstead) presents
a potential landing beach between the important centers of
Hungnam (Konan) and Songjin ( Joshin). Both the coastal
railway and a first-class road at least 24 feet wide run very
near the shore here. (B-2)
(9) lmmyong-hae (Rimmei-kai).
A potential landing beach is located at the northern head
of this bay. Objectives in a landing here would be the port
facilities of Songjin, the coastal railway which runs through
the city of Songjin, and the first-class highway running south
to Hamhung (Kanko) and Wonsan and north to Nanam
(Ranan), Ch'ongjin (Seishin), and Najin (Rashin). (B-2)
(10) Kidong-man (Kido-wan).
This area includes a number of small potential landing
beaches which would permit direct approach to the important
ports of Ch'ongjin and Najin. (B-2)
125. Principal Sources
2. Joint Intelligence Center, Pacific Ocean Area.
1941. Item No. 9683, pages 258 and 608. (Secret).
3. -U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic
Commerce, Far Eastern Unit.
2 Aug. 1943. PRELIMINARY ECONOMIC SURVEY OF KOREA. 118
pp., illus. (Confidential).
4. U.S. Navy Department, Office of Chief of Naval Operations,
Division of Naval Intelligence.
Apr. 1944. JAPANESE MONOGRAPH. ONI 49, Dec. 1941 with
changes. (Confidential).
5.
Dec. 1944. PORT OF FUSAN. Addenda No. 1 OP-16-FE 64-44, 10
pp. (Confidential).
6.
Dec. 1944. PORT OF al-.ENZAN. OP-16-FE 67-44, 12 pp. (Confi-
dential).
7. U.S. Office of Strategic Services, Far Eastern Section.
5 Aug. 1942. KOREA-ECONOMIC SURVEY. 62,8 pp., illus. (Con-
fidential).
8. U.S. War Department, Adjutant General's Office.
15 Sept. 1944. HANDBOOK ON JAPANESE MILITARY FORCES.
TM-E 30-480, 401 pp., illus. (Restricted).
9. U.S. War Department, AAF, Headquarters 14th Air Force, 18th
Photo Intelligence Detachment.
Nov. 1944. FUSAN, KOREA, Spec. P.I. Rept. 47. MIPI 39920, 6
pp., illus. (Confidential).
10. U.S. War Department, AAF, Headquarters, 20th Bomber Com-
mand, Intelligence Section.
1 Jan. 1945. BULLETIN NO. 8. 24 pp. (Secret).
11. U.S. War Department, AAF, Office of the Assistant Chief of
Air Staff Intelligence.
12 Aug. 1944. AIR OBJECTIVE FOLDERS 84.1 TO 84.8, KOREA
AREAS. 91 pp. (Confidential)
12.
13.
18 July 1944. AIR OBJECTIVE FOLDER 90.39-TsusHimA. 30 pp.
(Confidential).
27 Nov. 1944. PHOTO INTELLIGENCE REPORT No. AF-12.
SAISHU. A/F No. 1, MIPI 39505, illus. (Confidential).
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14. U.S. War Department, General Staff, Military Intelligence Division.
15 June 1943. SURVEY OF KOREA. S 30-784, 200 pp. illus. (Con-
fidential).
15.
Dec. 1943. JAPANESE INFANTRY WEAPONS. Spec. Ser. 19, 241
pp., illus. (Restricted).
Apr. 1944. ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE JAPANESE ARMED FORCES.
Revised through January 1945, 1154 pp. (Confidential).
7 Nov. 1944. MILITARY ATTACHE REPORT No. 1181?SAISHU
ISLAND. 3 pp. (Confidential).
U.S. War Department, General Staff, Military Intelligence Division,
Captured Personnel and Material Branch.
8 July 1944. DOCUMENT No. 415-1256-MI. 5 pp. (Confidential).
U.S. War Department, Office of Chief of Engineers, Military In-
telligence Division.
26 Feb. 1944. Engineering Research Office Rept. 47. Vol. 1. INTRO-
DUCTION, RAILROADS. 224 pp., illus. (Confidential). Vol. 2.
HIGHWAYS, SANITATION, ELECTRIC POWER. 172 pp., illus.
(Confidential).
MAPS, GAZETTEERS, AND TIME TABLES
20. Japan, Government Tourist Bureau.
1 May 1941. MANSHU SHINA KISHA JIKANBYO (Manchuria-
China Railroad Timetable). 150 pp., illus.
21. Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai (The Society for International Cultural
Relations).
1937. MAP OF JAPAN AND ADJACENT REGIONS. Tokyo, Toppan
Printing Co.
22. KK Ryoko Annaisha
1 Dec. 1938. KISHA KISEN RYOKO ANNAI (Train and Steamship
Travel). 376 pp., illus.
23. U. S. Navy Department, .Hydrographic Office.
1944. AVIATION CHARTS. KOREA. V3 Series, Sheets V3-27, V3-28,
V3-29, V3-30, V3-31, V3-32, V3-33, V3-34, V3-35, V3-36,
Scale 1:218, 880.
24. U. S. War Department, Army Map Service.
Sept. 1944. GAZETTEER TO MAPS OF KOREA. Map Series AMS
L551, Scale 1:250,000. Two sheets from AMS L 401. Scale
1:500,000. 313 pp., illus.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
1943. MAP SERIES AMS L 401, MANCHURIA. Scale 1:500,000.
Nov. 1943. PLACE NAME INDEX FOR KOREA. 63 pp., illus.
1944. MAP SERIES AMS L 551, KOREA. Scale 1:250,000.
1944. MAP SERIES AMS L 571, JAPAN. Scale 1:250,000.
1944. MAP SERIES AMS 5301, EASTERN ASIA. Scale 1:1,000,000.
Approved For Release 2006/09/25 : CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
41'
Approved For Release 2006/09/25: CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
FIGURE XII - 1
Japanese Army Dispositions
JANIS 75
CONFIDENTIAL
CH
9 H ryAn
ao
1
(tartan-a
(eh'
TAE011
CIAIKTO)
hinhae
hink
Cit'un
(Ch
0 'on it (Tenvt)
KYONGsoNG
MOM OrOuu
(gliittPtiol3
KOREA
INCLUDING TSUSHIMA AND QUELPART
JAPANESE ARMY
DISPOSITIONS
10 FEBRUARY 1945
0Sonao
(Julian)
P'YoNGYANG
aeju
CHINNAM
(CHINNAMPO)
Fortress
Mixed Regiment (Existence Questioned)
MR
_xx Divisional District Boundary
BOUNDARY Or JAWS
0 10 20 30 40 _ 60 70 80 90 100 mays
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 20 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Ea0METIRS
ns?-) Q
Approved For Release 2006/63757CIATRI7P7rOtt**M0000,964.0
42
of the Yakl branch remount
(A-2)
oil plant; possible oil
st (A-2)
Branc4 remount depot (A-2)
Gasol and oil stores (A-2)
41?
Approved For Release 2006/09/25: CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
39
38
3730
37'
36`
35
34
FIGURE IUI - 2
Supply Installations 7
ions5 and Ports
j
CONFIDENTIAL
Mukden (Manchuria)
at and provisions and
(A-2)
construction equipment
(F-2)
Arsenal (F-D)
Gasoline and ? I stores (8-2)
Synthetic oil t; possible oil
storage (C 3)
Concrete am unition warehouses (F-3)
Agency of the Yliki ranen remowat
depot (A-)
Agency of the ki brancn remount
depot (A-
? and oil stores (A-2)
and oils stored in warehouses (A-3)
Mined stores In warehouses (F-2)
Ion Stores (F-2)
e warehouse (F-2)
ntified stores in warehouses (F-2)
"c OR plant; possible oil
age (F-3)
stores of military supplies (9-2)
ge facilities at port (F-2)
rY supply stores (C-2)
ge facilities at port (F-2)
A
31
J A P
Chultpyan
(Ch.
amch'iik
choku)
Andong
TAEGU
YAM VU)
Chinh
hink
Saengjan
Sin
(Shinh
Ch'un
(Ch
HU GNAM.
( AN-
Ch'un h' n
un
si(grag.i.
(K ko)
eN
Gr ZAN)
rOmurnDO
(nonuouro)
Cauc an
vbn
?Kent")
(1
i 0? I
?.. -;?,(- a
, ? 61 to
/11?9?40/1
17 Slili* "
a part of the Pusan-Chinhae (Fusan-
ChInkad) Fortified Zone is defended
by coast defense and-antiaircraft
-) 9
5. ,
3S .., _ ? ??,,,..._. ,_ e .
At . iijfil - k .
tiv -
,-..?.,,,,,, , . a
,...,.,,,i4o ,..,
19 a
5,,,--..,--
guns which are concentrated on Mok-
to (Makino-shima) and the adjacent
mainland. Forty-five antiaircraft
ea ea
??44. ?,....,)
, 4,.c--.1
411tbas
? \
,
4,2% *4
# i " 32
I 1671 0 a
la 1 c -N
guns and eleven searchlights recently
have been encountered in the Pusan-
ho area, but the locations
1-1-.7-:-
-
Maki To
C-ci-
?,,,,_
1..----vAs,
VC=------. at
.
. , la.? -4 . a . a
-)a-,--,
61 41 '
5 et
011.2?,_,,, ..."--IC (11 Sean-Might. (A-2)
exact ca
them all have not been determined.
The waters of this area are mined,
but details are not 'mourn.
?arc
` 1--1--
r"
1 9
0
o medium coast defense guns. (A-3)
STATUTE MILES
.. _ 5 ?
f)
--
Four-gun emplacement, apparently
Nr .._
? ri..
1,.;._.
7)
..
( _C.
At
sa.6..tC al
i -- \ '
? nb. ZIS
? 0.,_____,-....____,
ftratb '-?-?
V .-q
kJ
Fu
f---
I?.
.. ?
?
.
?
Pabollat
a a
8 6
. . 9 61
.2 I USAN HI
i
"1 11,
>
it
ins. 23 4..)
.95
capable of being re-occupied. (A-2)
Searchlight and two antiaircraft positions
with six heavy AA guns at each position.
et
I a
i
1
i 1
a a
au
A
1
),- . _s.i
ef. 475V-.1
'
?1
?
s
7..."
SS
, ,o
N Ka) m-
"sr ft-i
i MOK TO--- sw. a ta .
lagARK 7 .
' MAKINO SHIMA +2,
11 ' ..? , .0, - ? iee
Searchlight. (A-2)
1 1
? rilag-- 1
4 2 g
I ...-
-
"17 ? 2g 1 4 6-
a . a
? ,-
4-
sa
,_ wart,v,
? . ? -
0 8
9 /
.. ,
19
? anon Koala ?
?'
,,
?
o ?
a
6 0
? saa,Kaa.
. t 6 9
0 2
24 S /
( 0
Th /2 PO q- i EICh r oast defense pins. (F-3)
our heavy AA guns. (A-2)
s ?
' T
41
KI:10K
7 8 6 .1 KATOKU SOM
,
a _ ,
'141 -'4 1
&I.' I i Cith
1 IL --
'FL
4: ,4 479/ Th' '? ax
ta 4i s
A MO
ic. c: ity - ?
2-* . u tti
NA KUTOGUv PO
1.1 61 , , 7 ? Chu:am To
1 4 a s 13165 o
1 7 til 8 8 ? 8
a 0
. ? .
944 5 17
2
NO a
12 * 4:75 ai o
a 'I 4 *., 2?
45
46
a is s 3.6.4. , ?119
2 22 A
13
0 a 7409. 21 s ?
al a "
32 4o
44 46
* a 1.- so
Four light AA guns. (A-2)
Four neavy AA guns. (A-21
Throe unoccupied gun Eimplacements,
apparently abandoned, but believed
capable of being re-occupied. (A-2)
?
_a
7 8
? .422
a tivit " 4, ? 7 . 3 41 . 0 20
0 SB IR
a 4 9 ft- 7- 6
13 8 ?I
IN SI ? J..t....
o li ' ',I? ?
/.._ ,,, a: - --- 7 - I. 4 15
a a 22
a- 0 S 4 : . m 25
? a
.'
1 36
88
V a
a a " 4
27 38
a 22 ? ? ./
a
29 36 0
An older report shows two 10-inch
coast defense guns at this position.(F-3)
Two heavy coast defense guns. (A-3)
.
IS a * i
ID 8 a ?
*)
17 ,
21 ? 44
77
*
a * ? a
? Iv
? ? 21 21
o , 4 ao
* a
? * a
17
a
*
15
ra 2? A
a a
a
0 0 s
a a 0 ??
26
25
*ay a 20 ? 21 A 17
.4, 20 * a .942
17
9' ?6.2:16"96. * 22 a
a a ' 26 22 23 22
lo ?
. ?
ao aa
? .
? 2? 23
n
V 26
a 77
29 i \
5
a
26 44
? tr?
26 29 a 35 40 45

9?97 94. a
n 49
a
" 37 ?2 0
. A 13
x
40
47
ly9Y
0 46 49 !Nr-
alt Vfil
44 40
taro
An older report shows one 6-inch
coast defense gun at this position.
(F-3)
Searchlight and six heavy AA guns. (A-2)
Seal-chill-art and four light AA guns.
51
t2W
S4140 carraolansfroatva 14c '41
+mama Is Itanners 160-46
tom ?Nor mono
Waakingten,D77..publakadtlaa. MT, cads" ByeagrapAia
66.2. snows& or ou sacesnoor OP raw 161I7
Approved For Release 2006/09/25: CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
EDITION. 2nd.No41999
Base Map-U H 0 Chad 5460
Approved For Release 2006/09/25 : CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
Three' small 'guns. (F-2),
Four 8-inch guns. (F-2)
Three sroall guns. (F-2)
JANIS 75
FIGURE XII-8
WoNSAN
(GENZAN)
and
YoNGHIJNG-MAN
(ETKO-wAN)
FORTIFICATIONS
10 FEBRUARY 1945
LEGEND
my Battery
? Fortified Position
p Observation Post
AA Antiaircraft Gun
General. Wnsan (Genzan), headquarters for the defense
command of Yeinghring-man (ika-wan), Is defended by
coast defense and antiaircraft guns which are concentrated
on the Hodo (Kotb) peninsula and the large islands in the
bay. It is quite probable that the defenses as here shown
have been materially strengthened. The waters of this
area are mined,but the details are not known.
SC:
LE
o 1/
STATUTE MILES
214,01.111.
Battery; no details. (F-2)
hreg small guns. (F-2)
SignalBtation. (F-2)
?our large guns. (F-2)
Y6NGHUWG-11/IA N
(ENO-WAN)
Fou,r
, :44'
afte py) ? no ;ietkit41
s . 7 (.2.4,
11.:2T211,1"gliji8Vi (!-2)
61
Four Arian gahs. cF-2)
Three sms11 guns,.
7
?
Si WAN
rn ,
i
.
....,474r,
iS
,: t. - ..,...
..-,
$0
Va
corr.
front Mew, 2
'Sven .901.V.C.2
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ase Map-U
H 0 Chart
Approved For Release 2006/09/25 : CIA-RDP79-01144A000900010012-9
Published by
? THE JOINT INTELLIGENCE STUDY PUBLISHING BOARD
Military Intelligence Division, G-2 Division of Naval Intelligence
Office of Assistant Chief of Air Staff, Intelligence Office of Strategic Services
T WASHINGTON, D. C.
Approved For Release??16%aiNetag-06159-01144A000900010012-#