THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 152
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 20, 1998
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: February 18, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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10.9C*Fifitim
SECURITY INFORMATION
Copy No.
Kt Ts 4,
ROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT
THE PATTERN OF LAND USE
IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR
AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST
ON CEREAL GRAINS
CIA/RR PR-23
18 February' 1953
DOCUMENT
NO CHANGE
0 DECLASSIFIED
CLASS. CHANGED T
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AUTH 1HR 7
Part II of this report was prepared by
the Office of Scientific Intelligence.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS
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WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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pePICCRET
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SECURITY INFORMATION
PROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT
THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR
AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS
CIA/RR PR-23
Part II of this report was prepared by
the Office of Scientific Intelligence.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
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FOREWORD
This report is in two parts. Part I deals with the relationship of
the land-use patterns of the principal cereal grain-producing administra-
tive districts in the biological warfare (BW) target regions of the USSR
to the magnitude of local targets, in terms of vulnerable grain expressed
as percentages of the total production of the USSR. Part II deals with
the probable spread of stem-rust infection from foci of primary infection.
Part I 'is based on the latest available Soviet acreage statistics,
those for 1938, a climatically normal year. The total acreage presently
seeded to grain crops and its distribution by regions are still much the
same. The 1938 pattern is therefore believed to be satisfactory for the
purposes of this report, although the 1938 figures are only approximately
applicable to present conditions and are subject to revision.
Part II is based largely on case histories of stem-rust spread from
infected barberry bushes in the US. The spread of infection from the
more or less concentrated yet limited foci of barberry bushes bears a
very uncertain relation to the spread of infection from the larger and
originally more diffuse centers developing from feather-bomb drops. A
great many factors are involved, and the data now available are not
adequate to assess these factors. It is therefore impossible at present
to calculate with accuracy the area in which a specified crop loss will
occur as a result of stem-rust spread from a given successfully estab-
lished infected area.
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400Te
1:1
Surplus Regions
Region I
Winter Wheat and Barley
9,594.4
61.5
917.6
5.1
2,257.0
11.5
12,769.0
24.0
3,851.1
42.2
1,657.1
10.2
18,277.2
23.3
CID
Region II
6
Spring Wheat
613.9
4.0
4,971.0
27.7
3,116.6
15.8
8,701.5
16.3
1,039.3
11.4
1,593.5
9.9
11,334.3
14.4
CD
CA)
Region III-A
Winter Rye and Oats
2,359.6
15.1
1,547.0
8.6
5,915.0
30.0
9,821.6
18.4
928.3
10.1
3,195.8
19.8
13,945.7
17.7
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CD
Table 1 0.
Target Grains: Production Bases Computed on the 1938 Acreage c)
of Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats -1
in Specified Regions of the USSR PO
(Continued) CD
Er
pa
C,)
Bread Grains Feed Grains CD
"
IV Total All Grains (JD
Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Winter Rye !( Total Barley Oats C.0
C.0
Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou-
sand sand sand sand sand sand sand 8
to
Metric Per- Metric Per.. Metric Per- Metric Per- Metric Per- Metric Peru Metric Per-
Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent "
IV
European USSR (Continued)
0
Total European USSR
Surplus
-
Surplus Regions 12,567.9 80.6 7,435.6 41.4 11,288.6 57.3 31,292.1 58.7 5,818.7 63.7 6,446.4 39.9 43,557.2 55.4 '1U
Deficit Region 10
Region 111-B 1,351.1 8.7 1,387.1 7.7 7,015.9 35.6 9,754.1 18.3 1,698.0 18.6 5,758.2 35.6 17,2:33 21.9 CID
CD
72.5 0.8 64.6 0.4 -&
Other Areas 178.7 1.1 20.6 0.1 245.2 0.5 0.5
CD
45.9 0.2
CID
Total European USSR 14,097.7 90.4 8,8113.3 49.2 18 350.4 93.1 111,22.1.14 77.5 7,589.2 83.1 12 269.2 75.9 61,1119.8 77.8 ca
CD
CD
CD
CO
CD
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CD
CD
CD
CD
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Table 1
Target Grains: Production Bases Computed on the 1938 Acreage
of Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats
in Specified Regions of the USSR
(Continued)
Bread Grains Feed Grains
12/
Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Winter Rye 2/ Total
Barley
Oats Total All Grains
Area
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per=
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Thou-
sand
Metric
Tons
Per-
cent
Asiatic USSR
Surplus Region
Spring Wheat and Oats
27.7
0.2
6,030.1
33.6
1,046.7
5.3
7,104.5
13.3
368.5
4.0
2,547.1
15.8
10,020.1
12.8
Other Areae
1,471.1
9.4
3,089.0
17.2
319.0
LA
1.,879_1
9.2
1,173.5
12.9
1,349.1
8.3
7,394.7
9.4
Total Asiatic USSR
1,1.98.8
9.6
9,119.1
50.8
1,358.7
6.9
U,976,6
22.5
1,542.0
16.9
3 896.2
24.1
17 414.8
22.2
Total USSR
15.596.5
100.0
17 962.4
100.0
19 709.1
100.0
53,268.0
100.0
9,131.2
100.0
l6.65.1
100.0
78 564.6
100.0
a. Spring rye, a relatively unimportant cereal crop in the USSR, is not included.
b. Figures for bread grains as such are not included in the area totals.
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While the data used in this report are based on the 1938 land-use
patterns because 1938 is the last year for which published data are
available on a detailed regional basis, it is believed that shifts in
acreage during the past 14 years have not been sufficiently great to
render the 1938 acreage and the computed production bases invalid for
the purposes of this report. The total acreage seeded to grain crops
is not materially different now from what it was in 1938, and distribu-
tion by regions is much the same. There have been some shifts among
grains, such as a tendency to stress bread grains as against feed
grains and to plant rye rather than wheat in some regions, but, generally
speaking, these shifts have for the most part taken place within the
potential target areas, the major grain surplus regions. Therefore,
the 1938 pattern is still believed to be a realistic one. There has
certainly been no shift in the weather pattern, and the use of average
yields gives a basic picture of what may be expected under normal
conditions as well as a point of departure for comparing the effect of
annual fluctuations in weather and other growing conditions on produc-
tion in other years.
In several treatises the vulnerability of Russian grain to BW attack
has been analyzed in considerable detail, and certain potential target
areas have been indicated. It is a matter of record that in 1938 the
territories now comprising the USSR seeded 98.7 million hectares to the
four cereal target grains -- wheat, rye, barley, and oats -- and that
74.8 million hectares, or 75.8 percent, were seeded in European USSR,
while 23.9 million hectares, or 24.2 percent, were seeded in Asiatic USSR.
Under normal growing conditions the 75.8 percent of the total
acreage of the USSR seeded in European USSR in 1938 would have accounted
for 78 percent of all the cereal target grains produced in the USSR in
that year, including 90 percent of the winter wheat, 49 percent of the
spring wheat, 93 percent of the winter rye, 83 percent of the barley,
and 76 percent of the oats (see Table 1). Likewise under normal growing
conditions the acreage seeded in Asiatic USSR in 1938, 24.2 percent of
the total, would have accounted for 22 percent of all the cereal target
grains produced in the USSR in that year, including 10 percent of the
winter wheat, 51 percent of the spring wheat, 7 percent of the winter rye,
17 percent of the barley, and 24 percent of the oats (see Table 1).
B. Regions of Production.
The grain surplus regions of the USSR are located in the southern part
of European USSR and in a narrow belt of Asiatic USSR between the parallels
of 45 and 55 degrees north latitude extending from the Ural Mountains
eastward to the Altai Mountains. There are various ways of describing
these European and Asiatic grain surplus regions in which growing grains
may become logical targets for BW attack, If the attack is to be made
with use of E-73 feather bombs which are carrying spores of rusts that
will attack wheat, rye, barley, and oats separately or in combination,
it is not necessary to consider separately the target potentialities of
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the area seeded to each grain. For the purposes of this report,
European USSR has been divided into three regions based on land use
(see the accompanying map),* as follows: Region I, in which winter
wheat is the most important crop and barley is second in importance;
Region II, in which spring wheat is the most important crop; and
Region III, in which winter rye and oats are the important crops. The
only grain surplus region of Asiatic USSR, in which spring wheat and
oats are the important crops, will be designated, for the purposes of
this report, as Region IV (not shown on the map).
Ninety-nine of the varying land-use patterns of these regions are
indicated in the tables of the Annex, The Statistical Basis Indicating
the Land-Use Pattern and Distribution of Grain Production in Specified
Administrative Districts of the USSR,** Tables 1 to 87, inclusive,
being devoted to European USSR and Tables 88 to 99, inclusive, to
Asiatic USSR. In each table the total area of each district is given,
as well as the area seeded to each of the target grains -- winter wheat,
spring wheat, winter rye, barley, and oats -- and the total area seeded
to these target grains, together with the percentage that each such area
is of the total area of each district. These percentages for European USSR
are also indicated, in black, on the map in each corresponding district
that is shown. The tables in the Annex also give the production of each
target grain and the total of these grains, as well as the percentage that
each such production is of the total production of the corresponding
grain in the USSR. These percentages for European USSR are also indicated,
in red, on the map in each corresponding district that is shown.
These grain surplus regions of European and Asiatic USSR show
perceptible differences in land-use patterns, but, in reality, adjoin-
ing regions tend to merge and are not sharply delineated as indicated
on the map for European USSR. A description follows of the broad
characteristics of each region.
1. Region I.
Region I is the winter wheat and barley region, a surplus region,
of European USSR, including parts of West and North Ukraine, all of
South Ukraine, the Moldavian SSR, the Crimea, and the North Caucasus
Economic Region.xxx Winter wheat is the most important of the target
grains in Region I.xxxx Winter rye is generally the second most impor-
tant crop in West and North Ukraine, although barley follows winter
wheat in order of importance in South Ukraine except in Voroshilovgrad
and Stalino oblasts. Spring wheat is the least important target grain
in this region.
* Following p. 18.
** Following p. 43.
xxx The North Caucasus Economic Region comprises Krasnodar and
Stavropol' krays, Groznyy Oblast, and Dagestan ASSR.
xxx,x Ismail' Oblast (in South Ukraine), in which barley is the most
important target grain, is the single exception.
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Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the poten-
tial target area* of Region I in 1938 would have accounted for 23 per-
cent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see
Table 1). The region would have produced 62 percent of the winter wheat,
5 percent of the spring wheat, 12 percent of the winter rye, 42 percent
of the barley, and 10 percent of the oats. Under normal growing condi-
tions the bread-grain production of the potential target area of
Region I in 1938 would have been 24 percent of the total bread-grain
production in the USSR.
In that part of the Ukraine which is included in Region I the
statistical approach to the pattern of land use indicates that, for
example, 58 percent of the total area of Nikolayev Oblast was seeded
to the four cereal target grains (see the map and Table 13 in the Annex).
The distribution of acreages in Nikolayev Oblast is fairly uniform. If
it is assumed that the grain rust spores disseminated from a single
E-73 feather-bomb drop have an initial spread of 10 square miles, it
may be construed that some spores from a single feather-bomb drop in
Nikolayev Oblast would have more than a 58-percent chance of hitting one
or another of the four cereal targbt grains.
Conversely, as indicated on the map, the statistical chance of
making a direct hit in the Transcarpathian Oblast in the extreme west
of Region I is only 8 percent, whereas in,Groznyy Oblast in the extreme
southeast there is a statistical chance of only 4 percent and in
Dagestan ASSR (not shown on the map) only 6 percent of making a direct
hit. It is obvious that an attempt at a BW attack on the grain growing
in these districts would not be worth while.
There are three districts in Region I in which the statistical
approach to land use is not directly valid. In the southern part of
the Crimea there is a range of low mountains where the use of land
for field-crop production is negligfble. In the area north of these
mountains the chance of making a direct hit is greater than the 28 per-
cent indicated on the map for the Crimea Oblast as a whole.
The two other questionable districts in Region I are Krasnodar
kray and Stavropol' Kray. For example, Krasnodar Kray (see the map and
Table 19 in the Annex) has a total area of 8.5 million hectares, of
which only 2.4 million hectares, or 28 percent, were seeded to target
grains in 1938. These target grains, however, are distributed through-
out the general seeded acreage of only 3.8 million hectares, or 45 per-
cent of the total area. The seeded area lies north of the Caucasus
Mountains, which occupy 55 percent of the whole area of the kray. Out-
side the seeded area the land of the kray is occupied by orchards,
meadows, pastures, and agricultural wasteland. It is not possible at
this time to delineate the land-use pattern within the limits of the
total seeded area.
* In Region I, three districts lie outside the potential target area
of a probable BW attack on grains: the Transcarpathian Oblast in the
west and Groznyy Oblast and Dagestan ASSR in the southeast.
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Stavropol' Kray (see the map and Table 20 in the Annex) has
a total area of 7.66 million hectares, of which only 2 million hectares,
or 26 percent, were seeded to target grains in 1938. These target
grains, however, are distributed throughout the general seeded acreage
of only 3.1 million hectares, or 41 percent of the total area, lying
in the west-central part of the kray. A large percentage of the kray
is occupied by the Caucasus Mountains to the south and by arid wastes
to the northeast. It is not possible at this time to delineate the
land-use pattern within the limits of the total seeded area.
Although in each of the several ()blasts of the Ukraine, as well
as in the Moldavian SSR, the statistical approach to land use indicates
in a rough way the chance of making a direct hit by an E-73 feather-bomb
drop. An analysis of aerial photographs may indicate, in some instances,
localities to be avoided in a bombing attack, thus increasing the chance
of a hit.
2. Region II.
Region II is the spring wheat region, a surplus region, of
European USSR, including the dblasts of Rostov,* Stalingrad, Saratov,
Ul'yanovsk, Kuybyshev, and Chkalov and Bashkir ASSR. Spring wheat is
the most important of the target grains in Region II. Rye is second
in importance except in Rostov Oblast, where it gives place to both
barley and winter wheat. Except in Rostov Oblast, winter wheat is
an unimportant grain. Oats are relatively unimportant in Rostov and
Stalingrad oblasts but are third in importance in the northern oblasts
Barley is significant only in the south.
Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the
potential target area of Region II in 1938 would have accounted for
14 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year
(see Table 1). The region would have produced 4 percent of the winter
wheat, 28 percent of the spring wheat, 16 percent of the winter rye,
11 percent of the barley, and 10 percent of the oats. Under normal
growing conditions the bread-grain production in the potential target
area of Region II in 1938 would have been 16 percent of the total bread-
grain production in the USSR.
The statistical method of describing the pattern of land use
in the individual administrative districts of Region II loses much of
its usefulness because a considerable part of each of the territories
is made up of wasteland or land on which target grains are seeded on
scattered acreages. The greater part of the region is adjacent to the
vast Asiatic desert, and light rainfall and chronic drought have tended
to crowd much of the agricultural production against the western boundary
* Rostov Oblast is conventionally considered as part of the Lower
Don-North Caucasus Economic Region. In this discussion, however, Rostov
Oblast is considered together with the dblasts of the Lower Volga because
spring wheat is the dominant seeded grain in Rostov Oblast.
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of the region.
For example, Rostov Oblast (see the map and Table 23 in the
Annex) has a total area of 10.45 million hectares, of which only
3.13 million hectares, or 30 percent, were seeded to target grains in
1938. These target grains, however, are distributed primarily through-
out the general seeded acreage of only 4.64 million hectares, or
44 percent of the total area, lying chiefly in the western part of the
oblast. The eastern part of the oblast is largely land unsuited to
profitable field-crop production, and seeded acreages are widely
scattered. The land-use pattern of this oblast is varied, with barren
stretches in the area of the city of Rostov and in other scattered
localities. It is not possible at this time to delineate the intricate
land-use pattern within the limits of the total seeded area. Similar
land-use patterns prevail in the oblasts of Stalingrad, Saratov,
Kuybyshev, and Chkalov.
In the north, Bashkir ASSR (see the map and Table 30 in the
Annex) has a total area of 14.35 million hectares, of which only
2.6 million hectares, or 18 percent, were seeded to target grains in
1938. These target grains, however, are distributed largely throughout
the general seeded acreage of only 3.5 million hectares, or 24 percent
of the total area, concentrated in the western and northwestern parts
of the republic. About 76 percent of the .republic is mountainous or
covered with forests, pastures, and other land areas not well suited to
field-crop production.
3. Region III.
Region III, in which rye (almost exclusively winter rye) and
oats are the predominating crops, is made up of a normally grain surplus
region (III-A) in the south of European USSR and a normally grain deficit
region (III-B) in the north.
a. Region III-A.
Region III-A includes all of West Ukraine (except the Trans-
carpathian and Chernovtsy oblasts); the North Ukrainian oblasts of
Zhitomir, Chernigov, and Sumy; as well as the northern part of Kiev Oblast
of North Ukraine. It also includes the Central Agricultural (Black Soil)
Region,* as well as Chuvash ASSR and Tatar ASSR. This grain surplus
region is characterized by winter rye as the most important of the target
grains. The second most important crop is generally either winter wheat
or oats. In North and West Ukraine, barley tends to be a more important
crop than spring wheat, whereas in the Central Agricultural (Black Soil)
Region the reverse tends to be the case.
* The Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region includes the oblasts of
Bryansk, Kursk, Oral, Voronezh, Tambov, and Penza and Mordvin ASSR.
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Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the
potential target area of Region III-A in 1938 would have accounted for
18 percent of the production of all the target grains produced in the
USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced
15 percent of the winter wheat, 9 percent of the spring wheat, 30 per-
cent of the winter rye, 10 percent of the barley, and 20 percent of
the oats. Under normal growing conditions the bread-grain production
in the potential target area of Region III-A in 1938 would have been
18 percent of the total bread-grain production in the USSR.
The land-use pattern in most of the eastern half of
Region III-A is more or less similar to that of North Ukraine, The
country is generally open steppe with seeded acreages fairly uniform
in their distribution, but wooded areas are more frequently encountered
than in the south. Kursk Oblast presents at least a 37-percent statis-
tical chance of a direct hit by a feather-bomb drop; Voronezh, 31-percent;
Tambov, 34-percent; Penza, 33-percent; and so on. Toward the west the
region is more heavily wooded, and the statistical chance of making
direct hits on the ()blasts in this area becomes less than in the east --
Chernigov, 23 percent; Zhitomir, 23 percent; Rovno, 22 percent; and so on.
Summarizing the situations in the grain surplus Regions I,
II, and III-A, under normal growing conditions, the acreages seeded in
the potential target areas of these three regions in 1938 taken as a
whole would have accounted for 55 percent of the four target grains --
wheat, rye, barley, and oats -- produced in the USSR in that year (see
Table 1). The three regions would have produced 81 percent of the
winter wheat, 41 percent of the spring wheat, 57 percent of the winter
rye, 64 percent of the barley, and 40 percent of the oats. Under normal
growing conditions the combined bread-grain production in Regions I,
II, and III-A would have been 59 percent of the total bread-grain produc-
tion in the USSR.
This vast grain surplus region, which is the primary target
for a BW attack on grains, has a total area of 775,900 -square miles, of
which 3184400 square miles, or 41 percent, were under field-crop produc-
tion in 1938. Wheat, rye, barley, and oats were seeded on 215,300 square
miles, or 28 percent of the total area.
Although, as pointed out in the discussion of Region II (the
spring wheat region), the statistical approach to employing the land-use
pattern as an indication of the percentage of chance of making a direct
hit on one or another of the target grains by any single feather-bomb
drop is, in some cases, invalid, nevertheless it would be the grain
growing on this 28 percent of the total area of Regions I, II, and III-A
that would logically be the potential primary target for a BW attack.
In the Ukraine and the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region the
chances are considerably more than 28 percent. By avoiding the mountains
and wasteland areas of the North Caucasus region, the valleys of the
Lower Don and the Volga rivers, and the mountainous and forested areas
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of the Urals Economic Regicin, the chances of making a direct hit would
also be greater than the 28-percent average for Regions I, II, and
b. Region III-B.
The districts in grain deficit Region III-B, on the other
hand, offer relatively poor targets (less than a 28-percent chance)
for successful feather-bomb drops. Vast forests cover the northern part
of this whole region, and south of these primeval forests the region is
characterized by marshes, pastures, and wooded areas, which in many
oblasts are more uniformly distributed than are cultivated areas. Often
these cultivated areas appear as "islands" scattered irregularly through-
out lands that are not well suited to production.
The map shows only part of Region III-B, the northern limits
of which extend above the Arctic Circle. Region III-B includes the North-
west Economic Region with Leningrad as a center; Northern European USSR
with Arkangelfsk as a center; the Baltic Economic Region; Belorussia
(west and east); Industrial Concentration B in Central European USSR with
Moscow as a center; Velikiye Luki Oblast in the west; Kirov Oblast,
Chuvash ASSR, and Mari ASSR in the east; and, finally, Udmurt ASSR and
Molotov Oblast in the northern part of the Urals Economic Region.
Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded. in the
potential target area of Region III-B in 1938 would have accounted for
22 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year
(see Table 1). The region would have produced 9 percent of the winter
wheat, 8 percent of the spring wheat, 36 percent of the winter rye,
19 percent of the barley, a.nd 36 percent of the oats. Under normal
growing conditions the bread-grain production of the potential target
area of Region III-B would have been 18 percent of the total bread-grain
production in the USSR.
The target potentialities of Region III-B are poor, with the
exception of Tula Oblast, with a 29-percent statistical chance of a direct
hit on one or another of the target grains by a feather-bomb drop, and
Ryazan' Oblast, with a 31-percent statistical chance. Smolensk Oblast
presents only a 19-percent statistical chance of a direct hit by a
feather-bomb drop; Kirov, 15-percent; Minsk, 16-percent; Moscow, 9-percent;
Kalinin, 11-percent; and so on.
4. Region IV (Asiatic USSR).
The chief grain-producing region of Asiatic USSR, which produces
a surplus of spring wheat and oats, is a relatively narrow belt extending
from the foothills of the Ural Mountains eastward to the foothills of the
Altai Mountains.
Region IV includes all administrative districts for which data
are given in Tables 88 to 99, inclusive, in .the Annex. iFor the most
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part, this surplus area lies in the West Siberia Economic Region. The
remainder of Asiatic USSR (which is not included in Region IV and which
is not included in the tables in the Annex), comprising most of the
Central Asia, East Siberia, and Far East Economic Regions, is deficient
in the production of all grains. Neither Region IV nor the remainder
of Asiatic USSR is shown on the map in this report, as the seeding of
grains therein is often discontinuous and is dispersed to such a degree
that the seeded grains offer unsatisfactory targets.
Region IV irregularly follows the 55th parallel of north lati-
tude and includes Chelyabinsk Oblast and the southern part of Sverdlovsk
Oblast of the Urals Economic Region. It also includes Kurgan Oblast; the
southern part of Tyumen Oblast; parts of Omsk, Novosibirsk, and
Kemerovo ?blasts; as well as the northern part of Altai Kray of the
West Siberia Economic Region. The belt also includes North Kazakhstan Oblast
and the northern parts of Kustanay, Kokchetav, and Pavlodar oblasts of
Kazakh SSR.
Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the poten-
tial target area of Region IV in 1938 would have accounted for only
13 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year
(see Table 1). The region would have produced 0.2 percent of the winter
wheat, 34 percent of the spring wheat, 5 percent of the winter rye,
4 percent of the barley, and 16 percent of the oats. Under normal
growing conditions the bread-grain production in the potential target
area of Region IV in 1938 would have been 13 percent of the total bread-
grain production in the USSR.
Many of the rivers traversing Region IV take their rise in the
Kazakh tableland and flow north to the Arctic Ocean. During part of
the year their mouths are frozen, and their waters back up into the area
of the surplus belt, creating extensive marsh lands bordered by areas
suitable only for the production of grass. In fact, much of the grain
can be grown only on "islands" of tilled land where the water table is
sufficiently low to admit cultivation of field crops. Grain is grown
extensively in the foothills of the mountains bordering the belt on the
west and east, as well as in favorable valleys of the tablelands to the
south.
The statistical method of indicating the land-use pattern is of
questionable utility in such cases as Tyumen Oblast with 0.7 percent of
the total area seeded to target grains in 1938, Sverdlovsk with L. percent,
Kemerovo with 3 percent, Kustanay with 3 percent, Kokchetav with 4 percent,
and Pavlodar with 3 percent.
From dot maps based on seeded areas in 1938, it appears that the
spring wheat and oats acreages in Kurgan Oblast are fairly evenly distrib-
uted. In Kurgan Oblast (see Table 90 in the Annex), with a total area of
7.11 million hectares, only 1.74 million hectares were under target grains
in 1938 as follows:* spring wheat, 14 percent; winter rye, 3 percent;
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barley, 1 percent; oats, 6 percent; or 24 percent in all. Statistically,
the grain in this oblast offers a fair target to a feather-bomb drop
with a 24-percent chance of a direct hit. Grain in North Kazakhstan Oblast
and the southern part of Omsk Oblast appears to have a concentration about
the same as that in Kurgan. There is thus a strip of fairly heavily con-
centrated grain acreage extending about 600 miles from 65 to 75 degrees
east longitude and 150 miles wide extending somewhat north and south of
55 degrees north latitude, or 90,000 square miles in all.
There appears to be considerable grain in Altai Kray (see
Table 95 in the Annex), which has a total area of 26.16 million hectares
with a total seeded acreage of 3.9 million hectares, or 15 percent of
the total acreage. Scattered throughout this total seeded acreage
3.3 million hectares were seeded to target grains in 1938, largely in
three river valleys some distance apart. It is questionable whether
the grain in Altai Kray or in any other part of Asia, except in the
limited belt indicated above, offers a worth-while target for a BW
attack on grain.
About 10 percent of all the target grains grown in the USSR are
produced in other parts of Asia (see Table 1), in scattered areas through-
out East Siberia and the Far East, in and about the oases of Central Asia
and South Kazakh SSR, or in Transcaucasus. These areas probably are of
only secondary interest or of negligible value from the point of view
of BW attack.
C. Famine of 1932-33. 1/*
There is no authentic information available relative to the extent
of stem-rust spread from a single focus of infection in the USSR or
relative to the degree to which any rust damage has reduced yields.
Otto Schiller, the former Agricultural Attache of the German Embassy
in Moscow, in discussing the agricultural crisis of 1932-33, which was
attended by famine, mentions a stem-rust epidemic in that year in cer-
tain areas of the USSR. Since there has been considerable confusion
in the minds of certain analysts as to the cause of the famine of 1932-33,
the following discussion is given in some detail.
To understand the famine of 1932-33, it is essential to know that
in 1930-31 grain production was "good" -- reported at 83.5 million
metric tons, from which the Soviet government procured 22.1 million tons,
or 26.5 percent, leaving 61.4 million tons on farms. The deduction of
the 6 million tons that were exported from the government's procurement
of 22.1 million tons leaves the equivalent of 16.1 million tons for
nonfarm utilization.
* Footnote references in arabic numerals are to sources listed in
Appendix C.
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In 1931-32 there was a crop failure. Generally unfavorable grow-
ing conditions, including drought and hot winds from the Asiatic desert,
destroyed a large part of the production in the Volga Valley, in the
Urals Economic Region, and in West Siberia. Total grain production
dropped to an estimated 66.1 million metric tons. In spite of the poor
harvest the government exacted deliveries from farmers amounting to
22.8 million tons, or 34.5 percent. The government exported 4.8 million
metric tons of grain that year, which,deducted from the procurement of
22.8 million tons, leaves the equivalent of 18 million tons for nonfarm
utilization. Because 22.8 million tons had been procured by the govern-
ment from a production of 66.1 million tons, only 43.3 million tons were
left on farms as compared with 61.7 million tons in 1930-31. Although
famine conditions were not reported, the populations of the chief agri-
cultural regions were faced with the problem of mere existence. Farm
stocks were depleted. Considerable numbers of livestock, including
draft animals, were slaughtered, and in some areas farmers were forced
to eat some of their seed reserves. It is reported that whole villages
migrated from the worst stricken areas to seek better living conditions.
The seeding campaign for the harvest of 1932-33 was handicapped by
a shortage of manpower and draft animals. There was also a shortage of
seed because some had been consumed. The total grain acreage dropped
4.5 percent below that of 1931-32. The drastic steps taken by the
government in forcing excessive deliveries of grain in 1931-32 had
greatly lowered the morale of the peasants. The hastily established
collectives were poorly managed and badly organized.* Work in collective
fields was poorly done, and the peasants tended to concentrate their
energies on the cultivation of their own garden plots. Because the
peasants could not or would not cope with the situation, weeds gained
the upper hand, and often it was impossible to identify what kind of grain
had been seeded in a field.
There were also heavy harvesting losses because work was performed too
late. Much grain spoiled in the sheaf and shock in the fields. Finally
mice appeared in large numbers in North Caucasus, in South Ukraine, in the
Crimea, and in Kazakh SSR, destroying much grain in stacks and storage
sheds. In addition to the foregoing factors tending to lower production,
Schiller makes the following statement: "Heavy rust damage appeared in
certain areas in North Caucasus, in parts of the western side of the
Lower Volga, in the Central Black Soil Belt, and in West Ukraine" 2/
that is, in the oblasts west of the Dnepr River. In certain other
* The great drive to collectivize 100 million peasants began in 1929.
In March 1930, Stalin called a temporary halt, but the good harvest of
1930-31 was taken as an indication of the success of collectivization,
and the drive was continued. By the middle of 1931, official statistics
show that 13 million households, or 52.7 percent of the total, had been
collectivized. The Ukrainians and the Cossacks living in the grain-producing
regions had resisted collectivization, and the measures taken against them
were ruthless, accompanied by marauding, arrest, and even slaughter of the
better class of farmers, leaving the conduct of the collectivized land
holdings in the hands of the poorer and less able peasants.
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districts of the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region and of the
western side of the Lower Volga, 1932-33 harvests were better than in
1931-32. There were also better harvests in South Ukraine and the
Crimea. Although the harvests in 1932-33 in the Volga, the Urals, and
West Siberia were better than in 1931-32, the production could not be
considered "good." In Central* and West European USSR?xx in East Siberia,
and in Central Asia, an average production was obtained. On the other
hand, production in the southern grain surplus regions of European USSR
as a whole was poorer than in the previous year.
The weather conditions in 1932-33 were generally favorable, and, in
fact, the production estimated at 66,4 million metric tons was slightly
better in 1932-33 than in 1931-32 but about 20.5 percent below that of
1930-31. The government, however, again went onto the farms as though
there had been no crop failure and exacted heavy deliveries amounting
to 18:8 million tons, or 28.3 percent of the production.
During 1932-33 the government exported 1.5 million metric tons of
grain, which, if deducted from the 18.8 million tons of procurements,
indicates the equivalent of 17.3 million tons left for nonfarm utiliza-
tion. This quantity was 3.9 percent below the nonfarm grain availability
during 1931-32 but was 7.5 percent greater than during the good crop
year 1930-31. Deducting 18.8 million tons of procurements from the
estimated production of 66.4 million tons indicates that the farm popula-
tion had about 47.6 million tons to carry them through the consumption
year 1932-33. Although, taking the USSR as a whole, this total is
4.3 million tons left on farms in 1931-32, the distribution was irregular,
with somewhat better availabilities in Asiatic USSR and in the central
and northern parts of European USSR. The southern grain surplus regions
suffered, and millions of the rural population, particularly in the
Ukraine and Lower Don-North Caucasus Economic Regions, starved to death.
The situation in the USSR in1932-33 brings out certain fundamental
facts, as follows:
1. Although the grain production in 1932-33 was
reduced for the second year, 20 percent below the good
crop year 1930-31, the equanimity of the Kremlin was
not disturbed. The government stripped farms of nearly
the same quantities of grain for nonfarm utilization as
in preceding years and, although millions of people were
* By Nittelrussland," 3/ Schiller means the former Central Indus-
trial Region, which conforms roughly to the modern Central European USSR.
** West European USSR, in this case, includes Kalinin and Smolensk
oblasts and the oblasts of Belorussia (frontiers of 1937).
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starving, ruthlessly exported 1.5 million metric tons of
grain.*
2. It is possible for a stem-rust epidemic to spread
Over parts of the southern grain surplus Regions I, II,
and III-A of European USSR There is, however, no evi-
dence indicating the extent of the spread or the inten-
sity of the damage caused by the infection.**
It must be borne in mind that the success of a BW attack on Soviet
grain with feather-bomb drops will depend very largely on the extent
of the stem-rust spread grids and the intensity of the destruction,
within these grids, of the wheat, rye, barley, and oats growing in the
three grain surplus regions of European USSR at the time of the attack.xxx
* In a previous report, CIA/RR 5, A Preliminary Appraisal of the
Effects of a Biological Attack on Grains in the USSR, 10 June 1952,
TOP SECRET, an effort was made to assess the effects on Soviet economy
attending each of three loss patterns of the grains most susceptible
to rust. In discussing the first of these three loss patterns, it was
concluded that if as a result of a BW-attack on Soviet grain a 20-per-
cent loss of all the wheat, rye, and oats and a 10-percent loss of all
the barley produced in the USSR were sustained, the effects on the
Soviet economy would be relatively small even in the second year of
such an attack.
** It should be noted, however, that in two of the regions in which
heavy stem-rust damage was reported the production was better in
1932-33 than in 1931-32. These regions are the Central Agricultural
(Black Soil) Region (Region III-A) and the western part of the Lower
Volga Valley (Region II).
xxx An analysis of evidence based on US experience with stem-rust
spread follows in Part II of this report.
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PROVISIONAL
EUROPEAN USSR
Seeding and Production of
Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats
by Administrative Districts
EXPLANATION
ZHITOMIR
22.7
(Winter rye) R 9.6
(Oats) 0 4.7
(Winter wheat) WW 4.6
(Barley) 13 3.5
(Spring wheat) SW 0.1
Percentage of area seeded to wheat,
winter rye, barley, and oats
1.3
1.0
Production of each specified grain
percentage of USSR total
1.0
Percentage of area seeded to
each specified grain
GRAIN-PRODUCING REGIONS
Surplus Regions
Region, I Winter Wheat and Barley
Region II Spring Wheat
Region HI-A Winter Rye and Oats
Deficit Region
Region III-13 Winter Rye and Oats
50 100 150 200 250
MILES
0 50 100 150 200 250
II
KILOMETERS
SECRET
II
Some boundaries shown on this map are de facto bound-
aries 0952), not necessarily recognized as definitive by the
United States Government; the United States Government
has not recognized the ;ncorporation of Estonia, Latvia, end
Liat...ua into she Sonnet Union.
12312 CIA, 12-52
Baltic
Sea
KALININGRA.D
15.3 R 7.2 12
0 36 0.7
B 2.6 0.9
WW 1.6 0.3
SW 0.2'L
LITHUANIAN S.S.R.
19.3
R 8.5 3.1
0 5.1 2.6
B 3.0 30
WW 1.9 1.3
SW 0.7 02
LATVIAN S.S.R.
15.2
0 5.4 27
R 4.7 1'g
B 2.7 24
WW 1.1 0.7
SW 1.1 0.4
PSKOV
4.5
0 2.7 0.4
R 1.2 01
B 0.2 7.
SW 0.1 -
WW - -
NOVGOROD
8.0
R 3.2
O 2.3
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0.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
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POLOTSK
16.5
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t SW 0.9
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,..'"MOLODECHNO'
22.3
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h, 20.8
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S'BN 201: 02 R 10.1
0.3
grain surplus regions
,SW wwI3
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Northern boundary of 101.):7:..*485:80:1:3 14.6 svEI,
7.
WW
Ew
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MINSK
15.5
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25.0
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i. WW0 5.4
4.2
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VELIKIYE LUKI
10.3
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B 0.9 0.3
SW 0.8 0.1
WW 0.7 0.1
VITEBSK
14.0
R. 6.0
O 4.2
B 2.1
SW 1.0
WW 0.7
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.1
MOGILEV
18.5
R 9.2
O4.3
B 2.8
SW 1.8
WW 0.3
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.2
GOMEL' /
16.0 \
R 9 1 0.6 )
13 32 CP 23 \
SW 1.5 0.1
WW 0.4 -
SMOLENSK
18.7
R 8.9 1.8
0 7.1 1.9
B 1.3 0.6
SW 1.1 0.2
WW 0.3 0
R 4.2 1.0
0 3.9 1.3
WW 0.8 0.2
SW 0.8 0.2
B 0.8 0.5
III-B
KALUGA
R 41818 0.4
....? .522 91:4A1..
/1 WW 1.8
i2:81
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r ' BRYANSK (-. '..."Ce.oS 1.013 - -
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7.7
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s
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24.8
TATAR A.S.S.R.
WS WWB ?OS 422 ?01 281
OR 31 7: 42 31
R 4.6 0.4
WW 1.0 11,...,1 3
KOSTROMA
/0.0
0 4.5
R 2.9
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0.9
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IVANOVO
10.8
1.1
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.2
KIROV
14.9
R 6.6 2.8
O 5.6 2.9
B 1.6 1.5
SW 1.0 0.4
WW 0.1 -
UDMURT A.S.S.R.
22.0
R 9.7 1.5
O 7.5 1.3
SW 3.4 0.5
B 1.4 0.5
WW -
SW 0.6 0.2
VLADIMIR
/5.7
R 5.8 0.5
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. SW
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ARPATHIA
SW 0,67.7
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KAMENETS-
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33.5
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R 9.9
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35.4
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SW - 7.
RUMANIA
KIEV
27.8
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R 8.2 2.0
13 5.1 2.6
0 5.1 2 6
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R 12.6
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1.3
0.6
0.9
0.5
SUMY
30.0
R 12.0
WW 6.6
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POLTAVA
35.3
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R 10.8 1.5
B 5.2 2.0
O 3.8 0,8
SW 3.2 5,5
1.2
1.2
0.7
0.9
0.2
R 13.7 1.8
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WW 3.0 0.7
SW 2.6 0.4
B 0.6 0.1
KURSK
36.5
R 14.4 3.6
O 7.9 2.3
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SW 3.7 1.5
? 3.3 1.6
KHAR'KOV
34.6
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9. 4
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Ar- "
VORONEZH
30.7
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IZMAIL'
44.7
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34.9
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B 8.0 1.5
R 1.6 0,1
0
SW 1.2 - 1.0 _
41.2
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CRIMEA
28.3
lac
1
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4.4
1.9
0.3
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TAMBOV
33.9
R 16.2
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SW 4.3
? 0.3
2.8
1.8
1.1
0.8
0.1
ROSTOV
29.9
SW 9.6 1.2
B 7.0 6.2
WW 6.9 2:5
B R 4.7 1..1
0 1.4 0..5
PENZA
32.5
R 13.6
O 9.7
SW 7.0
WW 1.6
B 0.4
2.5
1.8
1.0
0.4
0.2
STAL/NGRAD
26.6
SW 14.3 5.2
R 7.6 2.9
B 2.5 2.5
0 1.3 0.7
WW 1.0 0,5
SARATOV
28.9
SW 15.2 4.4
R 8.4 2.9
O 3.1 1.2
B 1.6 0.9
WW 0.6 0.3
SW 24.4 1.2
R 8.3 1.4
O 7.9 0.5
E 1.0 0.3
WW - -
II
ASTRAKHAN'
1.4
R 0.5 -
WW 0.3 -
SW 0.3 -
B 0.2 -
O0,1 -
:3
_
MOLOTOV
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PART II
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF PROBABLE STEM-RUST SPEhAD ON CEREAL GRAINS*
A. Problem.
To estimate on the basis of recorded instances of cereal stem-rust
spread from infected barberry bushes in the US the areal extent which
disease of damaging proportions might be expected to reach following a
single drop of the currently available BW munition.
B. Conclusion.
In spite of limitations imposed in comparing stem-rust spread from
barberry bushes with that from a munition drop, it is apparent that
heavy damage over an area of not less than 100 square miles can be
expected from each successfully established focus of infection resulting
from BW attack with stem rust early in the growing season, given a
susceptible variety of grain and at least reasonably favorable ensuing
weather conditions.
C. Discussion.
1. Scope of Inquiry.
The success of overt attacks aimed at establishing cereal stem-
rust spread of epidemic proportions is dependent on the same complex
of time-weather factors which govern the development of natural epidemics.
At the present time, data on all the factors in this complex, as related
to natural epidemics, are inadequate for an accurate assessment of the
development and spread of stem rust which might result from the artificial
establishment of a single focus of infection. Within imposed time
limits, full use has been made of available data on the natural spread
of cereal stem rust from barberry bushes in the US (see Appendix A).
In connection with the barberry eradication program of the
US Department of Agriculture, some 1,528 case histories of stem-rust
spread from infected barberry bushes were compiled. The great majority
of these case histories, over 90 percent, represent very limited
spreads from small local foci of infection, obviously limiting their
usefulness for the purpose of this survey. This limited spread may
have resulted from one or more of several factors, as follows:
(a) only one small bush or at best a few small bushes in a restricted
area were involved; (b) the barberry bushes were only moderately
infected; and (c) considerable distance intervened between barberry
bushes and susceptible grain or grasses. Because these histories
were collected during the course of barberry eradication work, many
* Prepared by the Office of Scientific Intelligence.
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were taken two or more weeks before crop maturity and so do not give
an accurate picture of total spread or final severity.
Some 132 cases, or 8.5 percent of the total, were selected as
representing spreads of more than 1 mile. In the selected group are
found examples from every kind of terrain and most of the broad land-
use patterns under which small grains are grown in the US. The survey
also includes, insofar as there are parallel conditions in the US, all
of the climatic variants likely to be important in a target area.
2. Findings.
a. Of the 132 cases where stem-rust spread extended more than
1 mile, 28 were dramatic, ranging from 50 up to 2,260 square miles.
Heavy damage in these instances covered from 5 to 250 square miles,
depending on time and other factors, such as the amount of susceptible
crops near the focus of original infection.
b. Presence of abundant early inoculum was common to all of
the more dramatic spreads. The number of barberry bushes was less
important than their size and the heaviness of infection. The distance
of the barberry bushes from the susceptible crop has an important effect
in determining the amount of original infection on the crop and the
subsequent build-up and spread.
c. Stem-rust spread from local foci of infection has occurred
under the full range of geographical location, climate, and terrain
characterizing 18 states of the US in which barberry eradication has
been conducted.
d. Land-use pattern -- that is, proportion of land in total
farms, cropland, pasture, and woodland, where? this last does not
exceed 25 percent scattered through cropland -- does not seem to limit
the spread of stem rust. When intensive infection is established on
small grain, extensive spread is possible even though fields of suscep-
tible small grain are scattered among nonsusceptfble crops.
e. In open plains or rolling country, spread will go in any
direction, controlled only by winds. In valleys, heavy infection
patterns, probably influenced by diurnal air movements, often follow
drainage lines. Woodland which is near or which completely surrounds
barberry bushes has some effect in reducing build-up. Stem-rust spread
was rarely symmetrical in the case histories reviewed, being commonly
fan-shaped or some modification thereof, extending away from the focus
of infection in the direction of prevailing winds.
3. Limitations Imposed by the Nature of the Survey.
The survey here reported is of a preliminary nature and will
be supplemented, within a year, by the findings of work now under way,
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part of it in the field. In view of this and of the nature of the
material employed, it is essential to stress the following specific
limitations in order that the findings be correctly evaluated:
a. The case histories which furnish the basis for this survey
were developed primarily for educational and demonstration purposes and
in the great majority of instances contain little data other than the
extent of stem-rust spread from one or more barberry bushes which may
have served as a primary source of inoculum. In some cases a general
statement is made as to rust severity and grain loss. General state-
ments on yields are occasionally given, but, on the whole, there is
no very valid basis for estimating the extent of damage.
b. Time limitations have precluded the study of certain factors
which should be taken into consideration in such a survey. Weather
during the seasons and in the localities involved, the most important
of these factors, has not been taken into account, nor has there been
considered the relative earliness or lateness of the season as it
influences the time for build-up of inoculum.
c. As noted above, available data were customarily taken at
the time of barberry destruction work, considerably before actual
harvest time. These data often represent a very much smaller total
effect than that actually experienced.
d. It has not been possible to develop any satisfactory way
of translating stem-rust spread occurring from the more or less con-
centrated yet limited foci of barberry bushes into what might be
expected from the larger, and originally more diffuse, centers develop-
ing from feather-bomb drops. Case No. 11, Appendix A, most closely
parallels the overt BW attack.
e. Presently available data are not adequate to predict with
accuracy the square-mile area in which a crop loss of 50 percent will
occur as a result of stem-rust spread from a successfully established
infected area of 1 square mile (the problem originally proposed). The
historical record of rust development in eastern Manitoba during the
years 1929 and 1935 illustrates this fact. The former was a year of
"light" rust; the latter, "very heavy."* Data comparing dates of crop
heading, occurrence of spore showers, earliest and light general infec-
tion, and general harvest, together with the amounts of spore fall and
final amounts of rust, are given in Table 2.**
Weather during the period from heading to harvest was clearly
the determining factor. (See Appendix B.)
* With one exception, in which "heavy" damage was defined as 20 per-
cent or more (see Case No. 5, Appendix A), there are no percentage
values equivalent to the terms "very heavy," "heavy," "moderate,"
"light," and the like.
** Table 2 follows on p. 22.
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Table 2
Record of Stem-Rust Development in Eastern Manitoba
1929 and 1935
Number
of
Spores
Dates of
per
Dates of Infection
Date of
Occurrence of
Square
General
Amount
Year
Spore Showers
Inch
Earliest
Light General
Harvest
of Rust
1929
14 - 18 June
326
3 July
3 - lo July
8 August
Light
1935
24 - 30 June
365
3 July
3 - 10 July
8 August
Heavy
4. Implications with Respect to Biological Warfare Operations.
While recognizing the above limitations, the several records of
stem-rust spread from barberry bushes presented in Appendix A show
positively that, under a wide variety of conditions as to terrain, geo-
graphical location, and season, a destructive spread of varying extent
will occur when a central source of inoculum is established. It is
believed that careful meteorological analysis of target areas, with
current utilization of meteorological data and 3- to 5-day forecasts,
will remove many elements of uncertainty from operations.
The failure of significant spread in over 90 percent of the case
histories emphasizes the necessity for large amounts of early inoculum
which, by infecting a sufficiently extensive area, builds up the immense
quantities of inoculum required for major epidemic spread. As an
alternative, the failure of significant spread suggests a large number of
relatively closely spaced, smaller foci from which spreads will coalesce.
One case, in Goodhue County, Minnesota (not included in the series of
examples cited in this summary), illustrates such a situation. In this
case a spread covering one township was formed of the coalesced small
spreads from some 4o or more scattered foci. Intensive research is
therefore necessary (a) to determine whether operational spore distribu-
tion should be diffuse over an entire area so as to form numerous rela-
tively closely spaced, small foci or in more massive concentrations
regularly distributed at intervals of several miles and (b) to perfect
munitions designed most effectively to achieve optimum spore distribution.
In nature, those spore showers which establish original infec-
tion commonly extend over periods of time and occur at intervals of
several days each. Hence, in connection with a BW operation, the number
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of drops necessary to give reasonable assurance of an adequate initial
infection must be determined.
The pattern of munition drop must take into account the
unsymmetrical nature of the hoped-for spread in relation to wind and
topographic features. It seems that land-use patterns will not
materially affect development within wide limits.
The Pine Camp test of the currently available crop BW munition
achieved primary infection over an area of 25 square miles. The early
establishment of such a focus should result in a build-up and heavily
damaging spread over at least 100 square miles. Actual experience in
1946 in Adams, Cumberland, and York counties, Pennsylvania, indicates
that, in a favorable season, spread from a focus smaller than that
reasonably expected from a BW drop covered 600 square miles, with
250 square miles of heavy damage. Recognizing that this spread of heavy
damage is not to be expected under average conditions, it seems conserv-
ative to plan on the basis of 100 square miles. If weather conditions
are so unfavorable that this result is not achieved, it is one of the
calculated risks that must be taken.
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APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OF ELEVEN CASE HISTORIES OF STEM-RUST SPREAD
IN THE US
?
In studying the interrelations of land-use pattern, terrain, and
general climate in stem-rust spread, 28 studies of case histories in
the US showing extraordinary spread were analyzed. These were
representative of at least four types, as follows:
(1) Level to gently rolling areas where a high proportion
of all land was in cultivated crops, where grain crops occupied
more than 20 percent of all land, and where woodland was less than
5 percent;
(2) Topographically similar areas where the proportion of
all land in cultivated crops was 60 percent or less, where mixed
cropping was general, where grain crops occupied less than 20 percent
of all land, and where woodland was 0 to 10 percent;
(3) Wide stretches of rolling terrain, only a very small
part of which was cropland and the remainder of which was an un-
improved treeless expanse, with grain fields generally scattered
widely; and
(4) Mixed farming confined to intermountain valleys, inter-
spersed with woodland, with grain crops occupying 5 to 20 percent
of the total cultivated area.
The geographic range of these studies includes northeastern
Washington, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, North Dakota,
Minnesota, Ibwa, Missouri, Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania,
and West Virginia. Summaries of 11 considered examples follow.*
1. Rice County, Minnesota, 1922.
In Rice County, according to the 1925 census, cropland made up
59.1 percent of the total area; small grains, 24.2 percent; pasture,
19.2 percent; and woodland, 8.7 percent.
Centering about the town of Northfield, at distances of 1 to
6 miles, were seven groups of barberry bushes from which stem-rust
spread extended to the surrounding area in 1922. The average date
of first infection of grains from aeciospores in Minnesota is
24 May. A map showing distribution as of 10 July, about 7 weeks later,
indicates that the entire area within four townships (144 square miles)
* For presentation in tabular form, see Table 3, p. 32.
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carried a stem-rust infection ranging from "heavy" in the area nearest
to the barberry bushes to a "trace" in areas farthest away. The average
date for spring wheat harvest in the area is 1 to 11 August, so that
3 to 4 weeks still remained prior to harvest. Winter wheat, on the
other hand, was approaching maturity, while oats had pproximately
3 weeks to go. On 10 July the map indicates that stem rust was "heavy"
in 19 square miles, "moderate" in 38 square miles, and "light" in
72 square miles, with a 'trace" infection in the remainder of the
144 square miles (leading off the map).
During the interval before harvest, "moderate" infection built up
to the "heavy" level, and a large part of the entire 144 square miles
developed a very seriously damaging epidemic, the total spread reaching
315 square miles. Data are not adequate on which to make a firm estimate
of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop.
2. Faribault County, Minnesota, 1926.
In Faribault County in 1925, farms made up 70.7 percent of the
total land area; grain crops, 27.1 perOent; and woodland, 2.5 percent.
In 1926, some 70 barberry bushes growing in the vicinity of Rice Lake
served as an infection center for the spread of stem rust. A map, dated
only as "July," covers 12 townships in which rust is shown over the
entire area in varying degrees of intensity. Approximately 66 square miles
are indicated to be "heavy"; 184 additional square miles, 'moderate";
and the remainder of the 432 square miles, or 182 square miles, as a
"trace" to "light." A report, apparently of a later date, states that
stem-rust spread to wheat was "heavy" over the entire eastern half of
the county, or 360 square miles. The inclusion of this later state-
ment suggests that the data for the map were collected before harvest,
but how long before is not indicated. No data are available on which
to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent
of the crop.
3. Barnes County, North Dakota 1925.
tarnes County is typical of the Northern Great Plains. In 1925,
cropland made up 71.2 percent of the total land area; grain, principally
wheat, 44.4 percent; and woodland, less than 1 percent.
Two groups of barberry bushes lying about 6.5 miles apart -- one
6 miles northeast of Valley City and the other 9 miles east -- served
as focal points for stem-rust spread in Barnes County. One contained
15 bushes, and the other 10. A map dated only "August 1925," which
probably indicates stem-rust spread at harvest or shortly before,
harvest being 1 to 11 August in that area, shows coalescence of spread
from the two foci. An area of 'heavy" infection scales out something
more than 20 square miles; "moderate" infection, 80 square miles; and
"light" infection, 80 more square miles. The statement is made that,
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within 1 mile Of the first group of bushes, yields were between
6 and 11 bushels per acre and graded No. 3 and that at correspond-
ing distances from the second group yields ranged between. 7 and
9 bushels per acre of a corresponding grade. The statement suggests
a probable reduction in the heavily infected area ranging from 20
to 40 percent depending on distance from the primary infection foci.
There are no other data suggesting the degree of actual loss.
4. Grand Forks and Traill Counties, North Dakota, 1928.
These counties are typical of the Red River Valley. The terrain
is level, and woodland occupies less than 2.5 percent of the total
land area of both counties. In 1929 the percentage of all land in
small grains was 38.8 in Grand Forks County and 43.9 in Traill County.
Two large barberry bushes, 9 feet high and with a spread of
107 square feet, located in Grand Forks County, were the center
of a stem-rust spread in the two counties. Both bushes were very,
heavily infected. Spread to grains probably began in late June.
Observations in August, presumably at about wheat harvest, showed
a spread fanning out more than 10 miles to the southeast. Spread
to the east reached the Red River, a distance of about 2.5 miles.
The pattern of spread indicated continuation across the state line
into Minnesota, but no observations were noted for that state. In
North Dakota the map indicates a spread ranging in severity from
"heavy" to "light" infection over an area of 55 square miles. Of
this spread, some 12 square miles were indicated to be "heavy"; about
an equal area was indicated to be "moderate," and the remainder
"light." The pattern of spread suggests an added area in Minnesota
approaching in size that in North Dakota. Although 1928 was a year
of light stem rust in the north-central states, the amount and distance
of spread in this instance indicates that conditions for the establish-
ment and development of stem rust, at least in the Red River Valley,
were favorable enough to create a destructive epidemic spread for at
least 25 square miles, with less damage over a wider area. No data
are available on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which
damage reached 50 percent of the crop.
5. McLean, Sheridan, Burleigh, Oliver, and Morton Counties,
North Dakota, 1929.
These counties are located along the Missouri River in the west-
central part of the state. The area concerned, immediately northwest,
north, and northeast of Bismarck, is typical of the Northern Great
Plains. Taking Burleigh, Morton, and Oliver as typical, according
to the 1930 census, cropland made up approximately 40 percent of the
total land area of each county; small grains, approximately 24 percent;
and woodland, less than 1 percent.
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within 1 mile of the first group of bushes, yields were between
6 and 11 bushels per acre and graded No. 3 and that at correspond-
ing distances from the second group yields ranged between 7 and
9 bushels per acre of a corresponding grade. The statement suggests
a probable reduction in the heavily infected area ranging from 20
to 40 percent depending on distance from the primary infection foci.
There are no other data suggesting the degree of actual loss.
4. Grand Forks and Traill Counties, North Dakota, 1928.
These counties are typical of the Red River Valley. The terrain
is level, and woodland occupies less than 2.5 percent of the total
land area of both counties. In 1929 the percentage of all land in
small grains was 38.8 in Grand Forks County and 43.9 in Traill County.
Two large barberry bushes, 9 feet high and with a spread of
107 square feet, located in Grand Forks County, were the center
of a stem-rust spread in the two counties. Both bushes were very,
heavily infected. Spread to grains probably began in late June.
Observations in August, presumably at about wheat harvest, showed
a spread fanning out more than 10 milesto the southeast. Spread
to the east reached the Red River, a distance of about 2.5 miles.
The pattern of spread indicated continuation across the state line
into Minnesota, but no observations were noted for that state. In
North Dakota the map indicates a spread ranging in severity from
"heavy" to "light" infection over an area of 55 square miles. Of
this spread, some 12 square miles were indicated to be "heavy"; about
an equal area was indicated to be "moderate," and the remainder
"light." The pattern of spread suggests an added area in Minnesota
approaching in size that in North Dakota. Although 1928 was a year .
of light stem rust in the north-central states, the amount and distance
of spread in this instance indicates that. conditions for the establish-
ment and development of stem rust, at least in the Red River Valley,
were favorable enough to create a destructive epidemic spread for at
least 25 square miles, with less damage over a wider area. No data
are available on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which
damage reached 50 percent of the crop.
5. McLean, Sheridan, Burleigh, Oliver, and Morton Counties,
North Dakota, 1929.
These counties are located along the Missouri River in the west-
central part of the state. The area concerned, immediately northwest,
north, and northeast of Bismarck, is typical of the Northern Great
Plains. Taking Burleigh, Morton, and Oliver as typical, according
to the 1930 census, cropland made up approximately 40 percent of the
total land area of each county; small grains, approximately 24 percent;
and woodland, less than 1 percent.
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In August 1929 the stem-rust spread was mapped from two groups
of barberry bushes, one of 12 and the other of 16 bushes. The two
groups were situated 2 miles apart, near the west bank of the Missouri
in eastern Oliver County. A survey made in the week of 8 August
showed a total spread, ranging from "light" to "heavy," covering some
2,260 square miles. Of this total, approximately. 215 square miles
were rated "heavy"; 245 square miles, "medium"; and the remaining
1,800 square miles, "light." Outside the 2,260-square-mile area,
all grain was indicated to carry a "trace" of rust. Since 1929 was
a year of "medium" stem-rust damage in the north-central region, a
general sprinkling of stem rust would be expected by 8 August over
most of North Dakota, including this area, even though it is outside
the section where greatest damage occurred from the general epidemic
of that year. In these counties the principal stem-rust damage was
caused by the spread from the barberry bushes. No data are available
on yields or extent of damage by field or areas. The survey was made
by an experienced individual, however, and elsewhere in his surveys,
"heavy" indicates damage ranging from 20 percent up.
6. Kit Carson County, Colorado, 1922.
Kit garson County is typical of the high plains of eastern Colorado
and northwestern Kansas. The topography is that of the rolling plains.
In 1922, much of the land was still undeveloped. Cropland made up only
14.3 percent of the total land area; small grains, 6.2 percent; and
woodland, all of which was along stream valleys, less than 2 percent.
Twelve heavily rusted barberry bushes in the town of Burlington
provided the primary sten-rust inoculUm. The average date in Colorado
for the first appearance of rust infection on grains and grasses from
barberry bushes is 2 June. By 26 June a "moderate" infection on
grasses and grain extended one-half mile from the bushes; "light"
infection, 1 mile; and a "trace," beyond 2 miles. Final reports
indicated that in the 3 to 5 weeks before harvest, depending on whether
the crop was winter wheat, spring wheat, or oats, the spread had extended
20 to 25 miles from the bushes, with a severity rendering many fields
unfit for harvest. The final report gave no estimate of total area of
spread or of the area within which damage was severe.
7. Decatur County, Indiana, 1922.
Decatur County is representative of the slightly rolling topography
of the east-central states. According to the 1920 census, cropland
made up 51 percent of the total land area; small grains, some 16 percent
(or approximately 30 percent of all cropland); and woodland, slightly
less than 10 percent.
One very large barberry bush, probably 60 years old, was the center
of infection for an extensive spread. The average date of first infec-
tions on grains from barberry bushes in Indiana is 17 May. By 1 July
the average date of the winter wheat harvest, severe infection had
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spread to 50 square miles. The usual yield of wheat in the area at
that time was about 22 bushels per acre, which was cut to an estimated
8.8-bushel average, or, considering reduced bushel weight and poorer
quality, more than 60-percent damage. How much farther the spread
extended with less damage was not recorded.
8. Laramie and Platte Counties, Wyoming, 1920.
The area in these two counties in which the spread occurred is
typical of the rolling high plains. In 1920, only limited land had
been broken out, and cropped and grain fields were few and far between.
In the two counties, according to the 1920 census, the percentage of
the total area in grain crops was only 3.9 percent in Laramie County
and 1.9 in Platte County.
A barberry hedge surrounding a park in the city of Cheyenne was
the center of a rather long-range spread in 1920. Fields some 42 miles
north of Cheyenne were rusted from 20 to 35 percent, and at 80 miles
north at Wheatland, 10 to 20 percent. At the same time, wheat at
Pine Bluffs, 45 miles east of the barberry bushes, was pastured off
as not worth cutting. Similar spreads occurred in 1921 and 1922,
the bushes being removed in the latter year. The widely scattered
occurrence of wheat and other grain fields did not give opportunity
for extensive early season build-up close to the bushes and therefore
gave no criterion of the area of "heavy" damage.
9. Flathead County, Montana, 1942.
The area involved was the Flathead Valley in western Montana
immediately to the north and west of Flathead Lake and west of the
Continental Divide. Farmland in Flathead County is practically
all confined to this valley. Of the farmland, cropland (one-third
in small grains) made up 31.5 percent; woodland, 45 percent; and
pasture, the rest. Much of the cropland, however, is contiguous.
Two barberry bushes within 100 feet of a field of winter wheat
located just west of the town of Big Fork were the center of infection.
On 1 July, when wheat was flowering, only 4 weeks before harvest,
stem-rust spread was fanning out into the wheat. A map prepared at
the end of the season showed a "heavy" infection extending over
4 square miles, "moderate" infection over 4 additional square miles,
a "light" spread over 57 more square miles, and a "trace" over the
remainder of the 216 square miles that were mapped. This spread
was very significant, considering the short time involved. No data
are given on yields on which to make a firm estimate of the area
in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop.
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10. Monroe County, West Virginia, 1943.
Monroe County is in the mountainous country of southeastern
West Virginia. A series of interconnecting mountain valleys with
valley farmlands and hillside woodland and pasture is characteristic.
Only about 20 percent of the land in farms is cropped, and about
20 percent of the cropland is in small grain. Woodland occupies
about 30 percent of all farmland.
On a map of the area, barberry bushes are shown at nine points
along a 5-mile stretch running southeast from the intersection of
Greenbrier, Monroe, and Summers counties. Stem-rust spread was
principally in Wolf Creek and Second Creek townships. The survey
map, dated 16 June, indicates a "very heavy" infection over some
17 square miles, "heavy" over 8 more square miles, and "moderate"
over at least 50 additional square miles. As mapping was stopped
at geographic and other boundaries with no apparent relation to
stem-rust spread, the extent of total spread cannot be determined.
At the time when the crop was in the medium dough stage, rust
severity ranged from 100-percent prevalence and 80-percent severity
to 50-percent prevalence and 10-percent severity at the more distant
points. Some 10 days remained before harvest, and these degrees of
severity undoubtedly built up to more destructive proportions. No
data are given on yields, but the rust readings suggest at least a
50-percent yield reduction from 10 to 15 June in the 25 square miles
of "very heavy" and "heavy" infection.
11. Adams, Cumberland, and York Counties, Pennsylvania, 1946.
These counties, located in south-central Pennsylvania, represent
an intensively farmed, productive area of moderately rolling terrain.
There are a number of streams, draining generally northeast toward the
Susquehanna River. In these counties, 76 percent of the total land
area was in farms in 1946. About 63 percent of this farmland was in
crops, of which grain crops made up one-third. Woodland occupied some
15 percent of the total land area.
Some 1,200 or more barberry bushes, of which about 50 large ones
were strategically located near grain fields, all within a square-mile
area, were the primary center of an extensive stem-rust spread in 1946.
The stem-rust spread extended irregularly with a rough conformity to
drainage patterns in all directions, but more particularly to the east,
west, and north. The spread covered about 35 miles east to west and
30 miles north to south. An area approximating 600 square miles was
generally infected. In some 250 square miles the damage was heavy.
Farm yields were obtained on one leg to the east of the infection center
in the most heavily damaged area. These yields ranged from reductions
of 20 to 45 percent. A thresher operator in the area reported that the
average yield for the area which he served in this heavily infected
section was 20 bushels per acre as compared with an average of 30 bushels
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in normal years -- an over-all reduction of 33-1/3 percent. If this
reduction be accepted as average for "heavy" infection, it probably
meant at least a 40-percent loss for half of the wheat in the 250-
square-mile area.
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-0
Z3
4C
CD
a.
Table3 711
0
Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US
1920 to 1946 X
CD
(7)
CD
Land-Use Pattern CD
(Percent) Average CD
Number and Area of Damage
Location Date of Date (Square Miles) ?%
Case of Barberry Crop. Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications (JD
No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavi Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss (JD
(JD
1. Rice County, 1922 7 groups of 59.1 W11 8.7 . 24 May a. 10 July 19 38 72 15 14h Data not adequate 8
Minnesota bushes, 1 b. Harvest "Large 315 to make firm (JD
to 6 miles grains) time part estimate of area
th 6-
from Nor-
f
field in which damage K.)
reached 50 per- ..
cent of crop.
0
2. Faribault 1926 70 bushes 70.0 27.1 a. "July" 66 184 182
near Rice (in 2.5 N.A. 432 Data not adequate ..=_
County, b. "Later 360
date" to make firm
Minnesota Lake estimate of area
i3
in which damage
0
reached 50 per-
cent of crop.
"NI
3. Barnes 1925 2 groups of 71.2 44.2 1.0 N.A. "August" 20 80 80 180 Probable reduc- CCP
County, bushes, (mostly tion in "heavy" 4:5
North Dakota 6i miles Wheat) area of 20 to ?%
apart (25 0
bushes) 1401=Irgiton
(JD
distance from CO
>
primary infec
0
tian foci.
0
0
CO
- 32 -. 0
0
0
CD
0
0
0
K.)
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13
13
3
<
CD
0-
Table 3
711
0
Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US -1
1920 to 1946 X
(Continued) CD
CD
su
Land-Use Pattern co
Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage CI)
Location Date of Date (Square Miles) ?%
Case of Barberry Crop- Wood,. Initial Damage Other Indications CID
No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss ttg
4. Grand Forks and 1928 2 large 38.8 2.5 Probably August at 12 12 31 55 A year of light a
Traill Counties, heavily and late June above har- rust generally; CID
North Dakota rusted 43.9 vest probably spread C)
bushes in to an area of K)
Grand Forks about equal size ..
County, 2i in Minnesota; 0
miles from area with 50- ,?
Minnesota percent loss
cannot be esti- i3
0
5. Five Counties, 1929 2 groups of 40.0 24.0 1.0 N.A. 8 August 215 245 1,600 (Grain 2,260 ":::vet3 indicates -0
North Dakota bushes (12 i111id! a year of medium ...,i
and 16 rust damage
("heavy" indica. Cre,
bushes), area had
2 miles a "trace") ting 20.-percent :1
apart in damage and up). a
west-central CID
North Dakota Cd4
on the >
Missouri 0
River 0
0
Cd4
0
0
0
0)
0
0
0
K.)
63
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Table 3
Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US
1920 to 1946
(Continued)
Land-Use Pattern
Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage
Location Date of Date (Square Miles)
Case of Barberry Crop- Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications
No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss
6. Kit Carson 1922 12 heavily 14.3 6.2 2.0 2 June 26 June "Extended "Extended "Extended N.A.
County, rusted i mile" 1 mile" beyond
Colorado bushes in 2 miles"
Burlington
7. Decatur County, 1922 1 large 51.0 16.0 10.0 17 May 1 July 50 N.A. 60-percent damage;
Indiana bush (small yield cut from
grains) 22 to 8.8
bushels; extent
of further
spread not
recorded.
8. Laramie and 1920 Barberry 3.9 in N.A. N.A. N.A. Fields 42 miles
Platte Counties, hedge in Laramie north rusted
Wyoming Cheyenne 1.9 in 20 to 35 percent;
Platte 80 miles north,
10 to 20 percent;
45 miles east,
wheat not worth
cutting.
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CD
0-
-11
0
CD
(7)
a)
C,)
CD
CID
CID
CID
CID
1.)
0
0
CID
6
CD
(A)
(A)
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Table 3
Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US
1920 to 1946
(Continued)
Case
No.
Location
Land-Use Pattern
Number and (Percent)
Location
of Barberry Crop-
Date Bushes land Grain land
Wood-
9. Flathead County, 1942 2 bushes;
Montana (Flat- 100 feet of
head Valley) winter
wheat field;
west of Big
Fork
10. Monroe County, 1943 9 points on
West Virginia 5-mile
stretch
Farms practically
confined to valley.
Farms:
31.5 10.5 45.0
Mountains and scat-
tered farms. 20
percent farms
cropped with 20 per-
cent small grain;
woodland 30 percent
of farms.
Average
Date of
Initial
Infection
1 July
(rust was
spreading)
Date
Damage
Examined
Area of Damage
(Square Miles)
Other Indications
Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss
1 August 4 4 57 151 216 Considered signif-
icant spread in
the short time
involved; no
basis for estima-
ting area of 50-
percent damage.
Ranged from 100
percent prev-
alence and BO
percent severity
to 50 percent
prevalence and
10 percent sever-
ity. No data on
yields, but read-
ings suggest at
least 50 percent
yield reduction
in the 25 square
miles of "very
heavy" and
"heavy." infec-
tion.
N.A. 10-15 June 25 50
(17
"very
heavy")
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CD
a.
?11
0
CD
(7)
a)
C,)
CD
CID
CID
CID
CID
1.)
0
CID
6
CD
CD
G4
G4
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Table 3
Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US
1920 to 1946
(Continued)
Land-Use Pattern
Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage
Location Date of Date (Square Miles)
Case of Barberry Crop- Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications
No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss
11. Adams, Cumberland, 1946 1,200 or 76 percent 15.0 N.A. N.A. 250 600 Losses 20 to
York Counties, more (50 farms, of (all 45 percent, one
Pennsylvania large) which: land) leg of heavily
within 63.0 21.0 damaged areas.
1 square One thresher
mile operator indi-
cated yields
to be down one-
third (30 to
20 bushels per
acre) in a heav-
ily infested
area.
36
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APPENDIX B
RELATION OF SPORE SHOWERS IN THE CANADIAN PROVINCE OF MANITOBA
TO YIELD OF GRAIN PER ACRE
1. General.
For wheat, rye barley, and oats, Table 4* shows the seeded acreage,
yield per seeded acre, and total production in the Canadian Province of
Manitoba for the years 1929, 1935, and 1938, and a 43-year average,
1908-50. The table also shows the percentage relationship of the yield
per acre in each of the three years to the 43-year average.
Table 5** shows precipitation figures reported by nine stations
in Manitoba for the most critical months of the growing season in
1929, 1935, and 1938, together with the amount of deviation from the
normal.
No very definite conclusions can be drawn from these data and
from what little is known on the basis of available information about
the stem-rust infestation. More detailed and "personalized" informa-
tion relative to the exact conditions that existed in each of the
years is necessary. In any case, it would be difficult to say much
from only three examples, even if there appeared to be a fully consist-
ent pattern. Some implications may be drawn, however, and some surmises
made in each of the 3 years.
a. Case I.
"In 1935 at Winnipeg, Manitoba, a few rust spores were trapped
on June 19, but in no significant quantity. Beginning 4 days later,
in 96 hours ending June 261 there was a fall equivalent to 4.7 grams
of spores per acre, or 300 per square inch of surface. First infec-
tions appeared in quantity six days later on July 2. This was a year
of heavy rust." 4/
In 1935 a heavy infestation and heavy damage from stem-rust
spread were reported. It was a very wet summer. Most of the nine
weather stations in Manitoba reported weather conditions greatly
above average. In June, especially, rainfall was heavy -- 3, 4, and
5 inches above normal at many stations. Wheat yields per seeded acre
were almost 50 percent below normal and were the lowest in the 43-year
history. Oats yields were 31 percent below normal, and barley 14 per-
cent below normal. Rye yields were above normal, but rye acreage in
Manitoba was very small. It appears likely that the stem-rust spread
* Table 4 follows on p. 40.
** Table 5 follows on p. 41.
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got an excellent start as a result of the wet weather and that the low
wheat yield may largely be attributed to rust damage. Inasmuch as the
oats yield was also low, though not so low as wheat, it seems likely
that rust, though a different variety from that attacking wheat,
affected that grain also. Barley may have been affected to a lesser
degree by the wheat rust. Precipitation continued heavy throughout the
summer and perhaps was so heavy as to have had an adverse affect on
yields, aside from providing a good environment for rust spores.
b. Case II.
"In 1938, rust fall began at Winnipeg on June 1, but was rela-
tively light. In the 48 hours ending on June 14, there occurred a
fall equivalent to slightly less than 0.1 gram. First infections
appeared on June 22. Beginning two days before these first infections,
in the 48 hours ending on June 20 there occurred a spore shower
equivalent to 0.4 grams per acre. This shower undoubtedly had some
effect, but the first infections were the important ones. The end
result was heavy rust." 5/
In 1938, stem-rust infestation was light, but damage reportedly
heavy. In June, precipitation was below normal, about 1.5 inches at
most stations, and in July and August just about normal. Wheat yields
per seeded acre were 9 percent below average; oats) 10 percent below;
and barley, 4 percent below. Rye yields were practically average. It
is difficult to draw any sure implications from this set of circumstances.
However, it is possible that a light initial infestation of rust
combined with the dry month of June sufficiently delayed the spread of
the rust, so that even though there appeared to be extensive damage, it
did not develop in time to greatly affect yields.
c. Case III.
"In 1929, there occurred at Winnipeg during the 96 hours from
June 15 to June 18 spore showers equivalent to 5.0 grams per acre, or
about 325 spores per square inch. Conditions were unfavorable for
development of the rust, however, and while infection occurred, uredinia
did not appear until 3 July, fifteen days late. In spite of heavy early
exposure, because of otherwise unfavorable circumstances, 1929 was a
light rust year in Manitoba." 6/
In 1929 a heavy stem-rust infestation was reported, but apparently
very light rust damage resulted. Weather during the months of June and
July was extremely dry. At all weather stations, rainfall was below
normal for both months, in most areas about 2 inches below normal. In
1929, yields per seeded acre for each of the three grains widely grown
(wheat, barley, and oats) suffered roughly about the same reduction
from normal -- wheat, 28 percent; barley, 30 percent; and oats, 37 per-
cent. Rye yields were about average. Apparently the dry weather adversely
affected both the rust and the grain, with resulting small damage from
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rust but low grain yields.
2. Conclusions.
It would appear from the rather sketchy data on which these
conclusions are based that heavy moisture early in the growing season
provides the environment necessary for a severe reduction in grain
yields due to stem-rust, whereas little moisture, particularly in
the early months, may either prevent the spread of rust or delay it
sufficiently, so that actual damage to the crop may be minimized.
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Table 4
Seeded Acreage, Yield per Seeded Acre, and Total Production
of Wheat, Rye, Barley, and Oats in Manitoba
for Specified Years
Relation of Yield
per Seeded Acre
Yield per Total to 43-Year
Seeded Acreage Seeded Acre Production Average a/
Grain (Thousand Acres) (Bushels) (Thousand Bushels) (PercentT
1. Wheat
2,301
2,587
3,184
12.4
9.0
15.7
28,565
23,250
50,000
-28
-48
- 9
1929
1935
1938
43-Year
Average a/
2,637
17.2
44,930
2. Rye
85
15.4
1,309
- 3
1929
1935
107
17.0
1,816
+ 7
1938
205
15.8
3,240
- 1
43-Year
Average a/
115
15.9
1,787
3. Barley
2,182
16.7
36,518
-30
-1929
1935
1,121
20.6
23,100
-14
1938
1,355
22.9
31,000
- 4
43-Year
Average a/
1,283
23.9
30,898
4. oats
1,558
19.7
30,740
-37
1929
1935
1,434
21.4
30,700
-31
1938
1,462
28.0
41,000
-10
43-Year
Average a/
1,535
31.1
47,690
a. 1906-50.
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Table 5
Precipitation in Manitoba for Specified Months
1929, 1935, and 1938
Inches
May June July August SepteMber
Stations
Actual
Difference
from
Average
Actual
Difference
from
Average
Actual
Difference
from
Average
Actual
Difference
from
Average
Actual
Difference
from
Average
1929
Brandon
(Experimental Farm)
1.86
40.01
1.69
-1.41
2.27
0.43
-1.84
2.40
40.98
Minnedosa
1.02
-0.91
1.39
-1.76
0.73
-1.90
0.27
-1.85
1.40
Pierson
3.64
+1.68
0.62
-1.94
0.64
-1.60
0.60
-1.78
0.57
-0.91
Portage la Prairie
1.63
-0.22
0.87
-1.93
0.91
-1.72
0.35
-1.67
2.34
-0.10
Russel
2.50
+0.89
0.86
-2.26
2.04
-0.36
0.53
-1.54
0.55
-1.14
Morden
(Experimental Farm)
0.92
-1.29
0.44
-2.67
1.25
-1.81
0.81
-1.10
2.59
-0.10
Sprague
2.45
40.83
1.45
-1.21
1.68
-1.05
1.32
-0.18
1.76
Winnipeg
2.69
+0.46
1.37
-1.90
1.10
-1.94
0.55
-1.83
2.39
+0.42
Dauphin
1.54
-0.36
0.73
-1.92
0.49
-2.50
0.87
-1.23
0.36
-1.77
1935
Brandon
(Experimental Farm)
1.40
-0.35
7.08
43.98
6.68
+4.13
4.43
+2.14
1.05
Minnedosa
0.93
-0.85
6.75
43.77
5.92
+3.43
3.04
+0.91
1.47
-0.13
Pierson
3.55
+1.65
9.22
46.65
4.53
42.33
2.95
40.76
0.40
-0.93
Portage la Prairie
2.42
+0.60
7.32
+4.49
4.38
41.81
2.26
40.34
1.51
-0.82
Russel
0.82
-0.83
6.08
43.02
4.28
41.90
2.74
40.76
1.48
-0.14
Morden
(Experimental Farm)
1.59
-0.60
5.33
42.07
2.80
-0.29
3.59
.1.91
1.54
-1.02
Sprague
1.25
-0.95
2.38
-0.72
2.48
-0.32
5.96
44.23
1.70
-0.54
Winnipeg
1.72
-0.47
4.15
t1.07
1.92
-1.15
4.75
42.41
1.63
-0.63
Dauphin
0.87
-0.88
7.85
+5.35
4.77
42.21
3.84
41.95
2.14
40.22
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1151.7"-S-"ECRET
>
-0
13
7:
<
CD Table 5
a
-n Precipitation in Manitoba for Specified Months
o 1929, 1935, and 1938
-1
P3 (Continued)
-Inches
CD
CD
A) May June
cn
CD Difference Difference
Stations
Actual
from
Average
Actual
1938
1.15
1.12
2.01
0.96
2.00
1.47
3.79
1.60
0.89
-0.60
-0.66
40.11
-o.86
40.35
-0.72
.1.59
-0.59
-0.86
1.64
1.62
1.14
1.66
4.24
2.24
1.61
1.32
1.99
Brandon
(Experimental Farm)
Mirmedosa
Pierson
Portage la Prairie
Russel
Morden
(Experimental Farm)
Sprague
Winnipeg
Dauphin
from
Average
:-1...
-1.17
41.18
--n
-1.76
-0.51
July
August
September
Actual
Difference
from
AverageActual
Actual
Difference
from
Average
0.280 . 0 8
0.12
0.09
0.88
0.02
0.61
0.24
0.68
Difference
from
.27210.__
222
2.30
1.00
1.94
2.56
1.62
4.26
1.73
4.08
2.26
--i:g
-0.26
-0.01
-0.76
,1.17
-1.07
41.01
-0.30
1.31
1.75
12:8130
1411:.087884
1.78
2.81
-0.98
;00.6318
_0.79
41.10
40.20
4.-.4n
-1.21
-2.24
-1.32-::...576 5:43
-2.54
-2.02
a
CD
C.44
a
a
a
a
a 142 -
a
a
a
a
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APPENDIX C
SOURCES
1. This discussion of the famine is based on Otto Schiller,
Die Krise der sozialistischen Landwirtschaft in der
Sowjetunion, Berlin, 1933, pp. 5713; Naum Jasny, The
Socialized Agriculture of the USSR, Stanford University
Press, 1949, pp. 792-794; and Lazar Volin, A Survey
of Soviet Russian Agriculture, Agricultural Monograph 5,
US Department of Agriculture, 1951, p. 180.
2. Translated from Schiller, op. cit., p. 6.
3. Ibid., p. 7.
4. Dr. Max A. McCall: Data for Weapons System Evaluation Group
(WSEG), pursuant to Three Questions Posed in Letter to
Director, ORO, dated 18 Mar 1952, attached to letter of
F.L. Weldon to Dr. Howard P. Robertson, Director of Research,
WSEG, Office of the Secretary of Defense, dated 14 Apr 1952.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
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SECURITY INFORMATION
PROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT
THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR
AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS
CIA/RR PR-23
ANNEX
TBE STATISTICAL BASIS INDICATING
TBE LAND-USE PATTERN AND DISTRIBUTION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION
IN SPECIFIED ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF TBE USSR
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
CIA/RR PR-23 S-E-C-R-E-T
SECURITY INFORMATION '
ANNEX
Ta STATISTICAL BASIS INDICATING
THE LAND-USE PATTERN AND DISTRIBUTION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION
IN SPECIFIED ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF TRE USSR
FOREWORD
The varying land-use patterns of regions of European USSR and
Asiatic USSR are indicated in the 99 tables that follow. Tables 1 to
87, inclusive, are devoted to European USSR, and Tables 88 to 99,
inclusive, to Asiatic USSR. In each table the total area of each
district is given, as well as the areas seeded to each of the target
grains -- winter wheat, spring wheat, winter rye, barley, and oats --
and the total area seeded to these target grains, together with the
percentage that each such area is of the total area of each district.
The tables also give the production of each target grain and the total
of these grains, as well as the percentage that each such production
is of the total production of the corresponding grain in the USSR.
The acreage figures used in the tables are based on the Soviet 1938
land-use pattern because 1938 is the.. last year for which reliable pub-
lished data exist on a detailed regional basis. It is not believed that
shifts in acreage have been sufficiently great during the past 14 years
to render the 1938 figures invalid for the purposes of this analysis.
Total acreage seeded to grain crops is not greatly different now in the
USSR from what it was in 1938. The distribution by regions is much the
same. There have been some shifts as between grains, such as a tendency
to stress bread grains as against feed grains and to shift from rye to
wheat in some areas, but generally the 1938 pattern is still thought to
be a realistic one.
There has been no shift in the weather pattern, so that the applica-
tion of average yields to the 1938 acreage figures gives a production
picture of what may be expected under normal conditions as well as
furnishing a point of departure for comparing the effect of annual fluc-
tuations in weather and in other growing conditions.
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 1
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (West): Transcarpathian Oblast ?
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 12,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
)..290.0
37.1
0.8
30.1
680
2.9
28.6
22.11
N.A.
N.A.
Percentage
of
Total Area
1000
2.8
0.6
2.42
2.3
0.2
2.2
L2
N.A.
N.A.
NAL
1938
Production
Base
.(Thousand.
Metric Tons)
38.7
0.6
22a2
30.0
04.2
2.9
30.9
103t1
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
0.2
Negligible
Negligible
0.1
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 2
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (West): Chernovtsy Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 8,1-OO Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Pase
840.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
76.0
9.0
75.8
0.4
Spring Wheat
6.4
0.7
4.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
gat&
2.1
80.5
QAR
Winter Rye
50.5
6.0
46.7
0.2
Total Bread Grains
lad
127.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
29.4
3.5
28.1
0.3
Oats
21.9
2.6
24.1
0.1
Total Specified Grains
184.2
219
P.AZ
Area Seeded
To All Grains
291.6
34.7
To Other Crops
120.1
14.2
Total
42Al2
- 2 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 3
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Kamenets-Podoltsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
.080.0
loo.0
Winter Wheat
239.9
11.5
278.4
1.7
Spring Wheat
0.5
Negligible
0.4
Negligible
Total Wheat
Nagi
11.5
g78:4
Winter Rye
207.6
9.9
223.7
1.1
Total Bread Grains
448.0,
2.1.4
502.5
42,2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
126.5
6.0
126.5
1.3
Oats
123.7
5.9
133.6
0.8
Total Specified Grains
698_.2
/2A2
762.6
'
Area Seeded
To All Grains
894.7
43.0
To Other Crops
444.0
21.3
Tota3
1,338.7
- 3 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 4
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Vinnitsa Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 27,500 Square Kilometers)
1938
1938
Area
Production
Percentage
Base
Percentage
Base
of 1938
(Thousand
of
(Thousand
Production
Hectares)
,Total Area
Metric Tons
Base
Total Area
'2 750.0
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
390.7
Spring Wheat
0.2
Total Wheat
390.9
Winter Rye
215.6
Total Bread Grains
606.5,
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
197.5
Oats
169.5
Total Specified Grains
973.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,223.8
To Other Crops
617.1
Total
14840.9
14.2
Negligible
S-E-C-R-E-T
uta.
7.8
22.0
44.5-
N.A.
502.6
0.2
502.8
3.2
Negligible
260.0
1.3
762.8
219.2
2.4
188.1
1.1
1.170.1,
1.4
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 5
Region-r(Sutplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Kiev Oblast. '
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 41,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
I,110.1
100.0.
Winter Wheat
385.9
? 9.3
539.1
3.4
Spring Wheat
2.6
Negligible
2.3
Negligible
Total Wheat
=a5.
-an&
541.4
Winter Rye
37.4
8.2
412.7
2.0
Total Bread: Grains
72.9
12.6
954.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
210.0
? 5.1
239.4
2.6
Oats
210.0
5.1
239.4
2.6
Total Specified Grains
1,145.9
ZZA
1.432.9
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,438.0
34.9
To Other Crops
673.2
16.3
Total
2,111.2
?5?
S-E -C -R-E -T
- - - - -
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Table 6
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Poltava Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3,430.0
1.9.24
Winter Wheat
420.8
12.2
483.4
3.0
Spring Wheat
110.1
3.2
96.9
0.5
Total Wheat
5.39.42
15.mk
580.3
Winter Rye
371.0
10.8
300.3
1.5
Total Bread Grains
901.9
2?-12.
880.6
142
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
181.6
5.2
188.9
2.0
Oats
130.4
3.8
135.6
0.8
Total Specified Grains
L2-13 k9
35.3
1.205.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,456.1
42.4
To Other Crops
630.8
18.3
Total
g,086.9
LI&
- 6 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 7
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Kharikov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3.110.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
363.5
11.6
423.3
2.7
Spring Wheat
146,8
4.7
104.2
0.5
Total Wheat
16.L1L
527.5
Winter Rye
298.7
9.6
282.8
1.4
Total Bread Grains
809.0
aka
810.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
165.5
5.3
127.4
1.3 .
Oats
104.3
3.3
108.5
0.6
Total Specified Grains
1.078.8
31.6
1,046.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,244.7
40.0
To Other Crops
504.6
16.2
Total
1,749.3
5?4sa
-7-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Table 8
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (North): Moldavian SSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 33,800 Square Kilometer)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3.380.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
765.3
22.6
704.2
4.5
Spring Wheat
128.5
3.8
79.7
0.4
Total Wheat
893.8
26.4
783t9
Winter Rye
139..7
4.1
124.7
0.6
Total Bread Grains
1,033.5
/2A1
908.6,
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
287.0
8.4
252.6
2.7
Oats
23.2
0.6
25.5
0.1
Total Specified Grains
1?343.7
39.7
1.186.7
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,158.0
? 63.8
To Other Crops
401.9
U.S
Total
2,559.9
21.42
- 8 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 9
Region I (Surplus): - Winter 'Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Izmailt Oblast
,(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 12,400 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
Total Area
4,;240.0
100.0
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
171.5
13.8
159.6
1.0
Spring Wheat
52.6
4.2
32.6
0.1
-Total Wheat
R24.1
11,2
192.2
(2,1
Winter Rye
55.3
4.4
38.6
0.1 ?
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
279.4
230.8
(LA
Barley
251.9
20.3
206.4
2.2
Oats
23.2
1.8
19.7
0.1
Total Specified Grains
554.5
44.7
456.9
0.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
807.1
65.0
To Other Crops
39.0
3.1
Total
846.1
60.2
-9
S-E -C -R-E -T
_ _ _ _
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 10
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Odessa Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 27,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
He
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2.790.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
751.1
26.9
527.2
3.3
Spring Wheat
39.8
1.4
24.3
0.1
Total Wheat
790.9
a.1,1
551..5
Lb.
Winter Rye
67.5
2.4
49.1
0.2
Total Bread Grains
058.4
6006
La.
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
255.2
9.1
214.4
2.3
Oats
50.0
1.7
43.5
0.2
Total Specified Grains
1.163.6
4142
858.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,328.2
47.6
To Other Crops
444.5
15.9
Total
1,772.7
63.5
- 10
-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 11
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Kirovograd Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,490.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
554.1
22.2
405.5
2.5
Spring Wheat
43.6
1.7
26.6
0.1
Total Wheat
597.7
&WI
4.31a
la
Winter Rye
137.0
5.5
105.1
0.5
Total Bread Grains
734.7
29.5
537.2
1.0
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
182.9
7.3
153.6
1.6
Oats
69.1
2.7
60.1
0.3
Total Specified Grains
986.7
12,12.
750.9
(2,2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,126.0
45.2
To Other Crops
440.7
17.6
Total
1,566.7
62,9
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 12
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Dnepropetrovsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 32,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
100 ? 0
Winter Wheat
665.6
20.4
687.0
4.4
Spring Wheat
121.5
3.7
89.9
0.5
Total Wheat
ALL
&La
776.9
'Winter Rye
171.6
5.2
138.3
0 . 7
Total Bread Grains
958.7
.42,2
915.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
200.6
6.1
184.6
2.0
Oats
62.0.
1.9
58.9
0.3
Total Specified Grains
1.221.2
37.4
1,158.7
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,415.4
43.4
To Other Crops
508.0
15.5
Total
1,923.4
52,2
- 12 -;
S-E7C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 13
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Nikolayev Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 19,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1.950.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
796.2
40.8
466.7
2.9
Spring Wheat
28.8
1.4
17.6
Negligible
Total Wheat
825.0
asal
484.3
Winter Rye
55.9
2.8
35.3
0.1
Total Bread Grains
880.9
112?k
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
205.4
10.5
169.4
1.8
Oats
36.6
1.8
31.8
0.1
Total Specified Grains
l,122.9
52.Z.
720.4
2s2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,282.4
65.7
To Other Crops
513.4
26.3
Total
1 795.8
22..2
-13-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Table 14
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Kherson Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 19)47, 27,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
20750.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
629.1
22.8
334.2
2.1
Spring Wheat
28.8
1.0
8.5
Negligible
Total Wheat
657.9
23.9
3I2 .7
1,11,
Winter Rye
45.5
1.6
21.1
0.1
Total Bread Grains
703.4
ale/
363.8
g.t2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
222.7
8.0
143.3
1.5
Oats
35.6
1.2
9.3
Negligible
Total Specified Grains
961.7
39
52L4
0 6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,039.4
37.7
To Other Crops
367.5
13.3
Total
1.406.9
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 15
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Zaporozhlye Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,690.0
1000
Winter Wheat
730.3
27.1
689.6
4.4
Spring Wheat
43.6
1.6
32.3
0.1
Total Wheat
773.9
28.7
721.9
Winter Rye
53.1
1.9
36.0
0.1
Total Bread Grains
827.0,
12:1
7.5.24.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
223.7
8.3
181.1
1.9
Oats
58.0
2.1
48.7
0.3
Total Specified Grains
1,108.7
41.2
987.7
Lig
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,212.6
45.0
To Other Crops
401.2
14.9
Total
1,613.8
-15-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 16
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Stalin() Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938 .
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2.650.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
367.9
13.8
399.6
2.5
Spring Wheat
184.6
6.9
131.1
0.7
Total Wheat
552.5
20.8
530.7
Winter Rye
86.4
3.2
64.1
0.3
Total Bread Grains
638.9
594.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
169.9
6.4
147.8
1.6
Oats
73.5
2.7
67.6
0.4
Total Specified Grains
482.3,
33.
8102
1 0
Area Seeded
To All Grains
992.4
37.4
To Other Crops
495.3
18.6
Total
1.487.7
56.1
- 2.6
S=E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02: CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 17
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Voroshilovgrad Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area/
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,670.0,
Winter Wheat
301.5
11.2
348.0
2.2
Spring Wheat
184.0
6.8
127.0
0.7
Total Wheat
445.5
475.0
Winter Rye
120.7
4.5
95.9
0.4
Total Bread Grains
606.2
22.6
570.9
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
159.6
5.9
129.3
1.4
Oats
70.9
2.6
65.2
0,4
Total Specified Grains
836.7
11A1
765.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
937.8
35.1
To Other Crops
342.5
12.8
Total
l,280.3
42.a.
-17-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 18
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
Ukraine (South): Crimea Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,600.0
11)9_,Q,
Winter Wheat
479.6
18.4
429.9
2.7
Spring Wheat
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Total Wheat
1796
49.9
lag
Winter Eye
3.6
0.1
2.2
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
h.83 .2
4)2.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
7.8
138.7
1.5
Oats
49.0
1.8
36.8
0.2
Total Specified Grains
736.5
28.3
607.6,
Q.22
Area Seeded
To All Grains
780.9
30.0
To Other Crops
198.9
7.6
Total
979. 8
37.6
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 19
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
North Caucasus: Krasnodar Kray
(Total Area as of 1 June 1946, 85,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
8.500.0,
1,370.9
149.4
1,520.3
5.4
1,525.7
669.5
168.0
2,363.2
2,609.0
1,228.7
Percentage
of
Total Area
100.0
16.1
1.7
12,2
Negligible
17.8
-19-
30.6
14.4
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _ _
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
1,418.8
133.0
1,551.8
5.2
1,557.0
562.3
176.4
2,295.7
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
9.0
0.7
4.,fa
Negligible
2.21
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 20
Region I (Surplus); Winter Wheat and Barley
North Caucasus: Stavropol, Kray
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 76,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousana
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
7.660.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
1,121.6
14.6
721.5
4.6
Spring Wheat
10.2
0.1
6.3
Negligible
Total Wheat
1,131.8
727.8
Winter Rye
15.3
O.1
15.2
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
1,147.1
743.0
1.2-4
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
610.4
7.9
438.1
4.7
Oats
245.7
3.2
184.3
1.1
Total Specified Grains
2,003.2
aka
1,365.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,107.9
27.5
To Other Crops
1,032.6
13.4
Total
3,140.5
- 20 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 21
Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley
North Caucasus: Groznyy Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 33,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
lO0.0
Winter Wheat
93.3
2.8
51.3
0.3
Spring Wheat
2.6
Negligible
1.4
Negligible
Total Wheat
95.9
52.7
QJ.
Winter Rye
0.1
Negligible
0.1
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
9.6.0
ga2
0 1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
14.2
0.4
12.8
0.1
Oats
21.4
0.6
19.7
0.1
Total Specified Grains
131.6
24.2
85.3
0 1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
- 21 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 22
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
North Caucasus: Dagestan ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 38,200 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
.820.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
117.6
13.0
3.0
0.3
82.0
7.8
0.5
Negligible
Total Wheat
130.6
fasa
0 2
Winter Rye
9.6
0.2
5.6
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
140.2
25-a
2,1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
77.7
2.0
50.4
0,5
Oats
10.6
0.2
8.5
Negligible
Total Specified Graina
228.5
5.2.2
154.3
gal
Area Seeded
To All Grains.
296.8
7.7
To Other Crops
48.9
1.2
Total
3h.5.7
- 22 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 23
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Lower Don: Rostov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 104,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 138
Production
Base
10,450.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
730.8
6.9
450.7
2.8
Spring Wheat
1,010.1
9.6
585.9
3.2
Total Wheat
1,740.9
16,6
1,036.6
Winter Rye
500.8
4.7
218.8
1.1
Total Bread Grains
2,241.7
1,225.4
as&
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
738.1
7.0
568.0
6.2
Oats
151.4
1.4
84.8
0.5
Total Specified Grains
3,130.7
29.9
az&
Area Seeded
To All Grains
3,466.7
33.1
To Other Crops
1,168.6
11.1
Total
4,635.3
Uk.A.2
-23-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 24
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Lower Volga: Astrakhan' Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 92,200 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production.
Base
Total Area
9,220.0
100.0
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
24.4
0.3
6.7
Negligible
Spring Wheat
28.3
0.3
10.8
Negligible
Total Wheat
52.7
0 6
17.5
Negligible
Winter Rye
42.7
0.5
10.2
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
95.4
27.7
Negligible
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
16.0
0.2
6.4
Negligible
Oats
14.0
0.1
5.5
Negligible
Total Specified Grains
X25.4
Negligible
422.2.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
N.A.
- 211- -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 25
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Lower Volga: Stalingrad Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 127,200 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
' Base
12,720.0
1000
Winter Wheat
123.2
1.0
75.9
0.5
Spring Wheat
1,816.4
14.3
926.4
5.2
Total Wheat
1,939.6
152
X,002.3
.2.111
Winter Rye
964.2
7.6
580.0
2.9
Total Bread Grains
Z?903.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
318.9
2.5
229.6
2.5
Oats
167.1
1.3
115.3
0.7
Total Specified Grains
3,3890
1.927_.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
3,654.6
28.7
To Other Crops
808.5
6.4
Total
4.463.1
35.1
-25 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 26
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Middle Volga: Saratov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 102,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
10.230.0
1c)a.2
Winter Wheat
63.0
0.6
51.0
0.3
Spring Wheat -
1,552.9
15.2
792.0
4.4
Total Wheat
1.615.9
11,1
843.0
Winter Rye
856.0
8.4
567.9
2.9
Total Bread Grains
2,471.9
24.2
1,410.a.
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
171.2
1.6
83.9
0.9
Oats
313.5
3.1
191.2
1.2
Total Specified Grains
2.956.6
28.9
16860
2.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
3,278.2
32.0
To Other Crops
617.2
6.0
Total
3,895.4
38.1
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 27
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Middle Volga: Ullyanovsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 37,200 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
',720.0
100t0
-Winter Wheat
25.9
0.7
16.9
0.1
Spring Wheat
906.2
24.4
476.3
2.7
Total Wheat
222a1
25.0
421,2
1.t.1
Winter Rye
467.5
12.6
359.7
1.8
Total Bread Grains
1.399.6
2z,s2
82.9
1 6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
25.1
0.7
16.6
0.2
Oats
273.9
7.4
166.1
1.0
Total Specified Grains
14698.6
4.L.2
1,035.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
N.A.
- 27 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 28
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Middle Volga: Kuybyshev Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 53,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
5,390.0
l00.0
1.2
Negligible
2.0
Negligible
Spring Wheat
1,312.2
24.4
219.2
1.2
Total Wheat
1,31.4.2
24.4
220.4
12,2
Winter Rye
450.0
8.3
275.4
1.4
Total Bread Grains
1,764.2
32-A2
495.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
54.0
1.0
24.0
0.3
Oats
423.9
7.9
84.0
0.5
Total Specified Grains
2,244,?1
ALS!
603.8
0 8
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,612.4
48.5
To Other Crops
634.3
11.8
Total
3,246.7
60.2
-28-
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. Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 29
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Urals: Chkalov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 122,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base.
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
12,280.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
7.7
0.1
5.7
Negligible
Spring Wheat
1,758.6
14.3
1,020.0
5.7
Total Wheat
;.,766.3
1,025.7
Winter Rye
596.0
4.8
333.5
1.7
Total Bread Grains
2,36s3
19,2
1.359.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
108.5
0.9
61.8
0.7
Oats
374.2
3.0
220.8
1.4
Total Specified Grains
2.845.0
&La
X.641.8
Area Seeded
To All Grains
3,086.8
25.1
To Other Crops
474.3
3.8
Total
3,561.1
28.9
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Table 30
Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat
Urals: Bashkir ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 143,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
14,350.0
100.0
11.7
0.1
15.9
0.1
Spring Wheat
1,056.0
7.4
739.2
4.1
Total Wheat
1,071.9
7.5
750.9
2.2
Winter Rye
850.3
5.9
737.4
3.7
Total Bread Grains
1,922.2
13.4
11_11L.J.,
2.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
31.8
0.2
24.2
0.3
Oats
661.7
4.6
496.3
3.1
Total Specified Grains
2,615.7
18.2
?_008 8
2.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
3,012.1
20.9
To Other Crops
483.4
3.3
Total
3,495.5
24.3
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E -C-R-E-T
Table 31
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): LIvov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 11,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Productipn
Base
1,110.0
100)0
Winter Wheat
104.6
9.4
109.3
0.7
Spring Wheat
9.7
0.8
7.8
Negligible
Total Wheat
;14.3
10.2
117.1
Winter Rye
122.0
10.9
103.3
0.5
Total Bread Grains
236.3
2141
220.4
0.4
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
46.4
4.1
43.0
0.4
Oats
83.0
7.4
93.8
0.5
Total Specified Grains
365.7
32.9
35L Z
0.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
393.5
35.4
To Other Crops
189.9
17.1
Total
583.4
52.5
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S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 32
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): Stanislav Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 13,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,390,0
100:0
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
77.9
6.0
5.6
0.4
81.4
4.6
0.5
Negligible
Total Wheat
83.9
86.0
0 2
Winter Rye
96.6
6.9
95.6
0.4
Total Bread Grains
180.5
129
181.6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
23.2
1.6
23.2
0.2
Oats
60.4
4.3
65.2
0.4
Total Specified Grains
264.1
19,0
27o.o.
C.4,1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
319.8
23.0
To Other Crops
165.1
11.8
Total
484.9
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S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 33
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): Drogobych Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 10,400 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1,040.0
100.0,
Winter Wheat
50.2
4.8
52.5
0.3
Spring Wheat
5.0
0.4
4.0
Negligible
Total Wheat
55.2
5.3
56.5
0.1
Winter Rye
89.1
8.5
87.6
0.4
Total Bread Grains
144.3
13,8
144.1
(2,2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
21.0
2.0
20.5
0.2
Oats
98.0
9.4
105.8
0.6
Total Specified Grains
263.3
?la
270.4
(2.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
275.4
26.4
To Other Crops
141.5
13.6
Total
416.9
40.0
-33-
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Table 34
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): Volyn Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 19,900 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of /938
Production
Base
To?1,1 Area
1,990_.0
L00.o
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
108.4
5.4
116.4
0.7
Spring Wheat
22.1
1.1
17.9
Negligible
Total Wheat
1/2,2
g!?1,
134.3
Winter Rye
225.3
11.3
192.3
0.9
Total Bread Grains
355.8
17.21
326.6
0 6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
59.3
2.9
55.6
0.6
Oats
83.6
4.2
94.5
0.5
Total Specified Grains
498.7
2542
476.7
Q.E1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
535.5
26.9
To Other Crops
197.2
9.9
Total
732.7
36.8
- 34-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 35
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): Rovno Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,060.0
10010
89.6
13.6
0.5
Negligible
83.4
16.8
4.0
0.8
Total Wheat
100.a
103-2
Winter Rye
191.2
9.2
163.3
0.8
Total Bread Grains
291.4
14.0
a(1.1.4.2
11,1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
60.9
2.9
57.2
0.6
Oats
102.6
4.9
115.9
0.7
Total Specified Grains
454.9
22.0
439.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
508.7
24.6
To Other Crops
193.8
9.4
Total
702.5
14,1
-35-
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S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 36
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (West): Ternopol' Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947? 13,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(ThOusand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,370.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
186.1
13.5
203.3
1.3
Spring Wheat
17.1
1.2
13.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
,203.2
217.0
0 6
Winter Rye
201.7
14.7
172.3
0.8
Total Bread Grains
404.9
29.5
389.3
Q2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
116.0
8.4
108.6
1.1
Oats
104.8
7.6
118.4
0.7
Total Specified Grains
625.7
4.5,62
616.3
Area Seeded
To All Grains
755.9
55.1
To Other Crops
253.4
18.4
Total
1,009.3
-36-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 37
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (North): Zhitomir Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 30,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938,
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
)?000.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
139.3
4.6
150.6
0.9
Spring Wheat
4.6
0.1
3.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
143.9
4A2
.3
Winter Rye
288.2
9.6
257.9
1.3
Total Bread Grains
432.1
412.2,
0 8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
105.7
3.5
99.4
1.0
Oats
143.5
4.7
162.2
1.0
Total Specified Grains
681.3
22..2
673.8
Q.Ag
Area Seeded
To All Grains
845.6
28.1
To Other Crops
390.5
13.0
Total
1.236,1
Alaa
-37-
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 38
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (North): Chernigov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,1s2u2
66.9
17.0
1000
78.2
16.2
0.5
Negligible
2.1
0.5
Total Wheat
83
Zak
Winter Rye
399.9
12.6
273.8
1.3
Total Bread Grains
483.8
15.2
)68.2
2,2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
95.0
3.0
90.2
0.9
Oats
160.1
5.0
110.5
0.6
Total Specified Grains
738.9
21.2
568.9
Area Seeded
To All Grains
985.3
31.1
To Other Crops
460.9
14.5
Total
1,446.2
41,2
-38-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 39
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Ukraine (North): Sumy Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,400 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,440,0
100.0
Winter Wheat
161.3
6.6
194.6
1.2
Spring Wheat
56.0
2.2
49.3
0.2
Total Wheat
2.1a0
243.9
9-12
Winter Rye
293.7
12.0
246.1
1.2
Total Bread Grains
11129.
20.9
490.0
QA2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
90.4
3.7
83.2
0.9
Oats
132.8
5.4
119.5
0.7
Total Specified Grains
734.2
(11,2
692.7
0 8
Area Seeded
To All Grains
933.2
38.2
To Other Crops
381.1
15.6
Total
1,386.0
56
-39-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 40
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Bryansk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3.470.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
27.4
0.8
28.9
0.2
Spring Wheat
70.0
2.0
64.4
0.4
Total Wheat
27.4k
2,,L3
93.3
.94.2
Winter Rye
419.7
12.1
295.0
1.5
Total Bread Grains
517.1
388.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
52.0
268.3
1.4
7.7
44.2
. 209.3
0.5
1.3
Total Specified Grains
827.4
24.1
61.1.8
9.?.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
NAL
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 41
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye ana Oats
Central Black Soil: Kursk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 50,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
5,080.0
100.0
431.0
174.5
2.8
1.0
Lg.
3.6
360.6
185.6
546.2
7.1
3.7
734.0
14.4
710.8
Total Bread Grains
14280.2
1*316.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
168.7
3.3
148.5
1.6
Oats
403.8
7.9
371.5
2.3
Total Specified Grains
1,852.7
36.5
1.836.3
2.L.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,212.0
43.5
To Other Crops
757.7
14.9
Total
2,969.7
511
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 42
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Orel Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3.160.0
1000
Winter Wheat
96.3
3.0
109.4
0.7
Spring Wheat
83.3
2.6
73.3
0.4
Total Wheat
122.e.(2
5-s.2
18 .7
Winter Rye
433.8
13.7
349.0
1.8
Total Bread Grains
613.4
=Ai
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
20.0
0.6
12.4
0.1
Oats
182.0
5.7
142.0
0.9
Total Specified Grains
815.4
686.1
(2,2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,171.5
37.1
To Other Crops
889.8
28.2
Total
2,061.3
45.2
-42 -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP7901093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 43
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Voronezh Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 68,400 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
6,40.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
415.0
6.1
40.6.6
2.6
Spring Wheat
479.4
7.0
311.6
1.7
Total Wheat
894.4
13.1
2-11ca
Winter Rye
741.1
10.8
648.9
3.3
Total Bread Grains
1,635.5
23.9
1.367.1
2 6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
135.3
2.0
83.9
0.9
Oats
331.4
4.8
281.7
1.8
Total Specified Grains
RJ102.2
1,732.7
aLa
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,488.1
36.4
To Other Crops
1,009.7
14.8
Total
3,497.8
51.1
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 44
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Tambov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
2ercentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3,430.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
153.1
4.5
173.6
1.1
Spring Wheat
146.9
4.3
135.1
0.8
Total Wheat
X0.0
20.A2
CL.2.
Winter Rye
554.8
16.2
546.9
2.8
Total Bread Grains
854.8
24.9
855.6
1.6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
9.8
0.3
10.3
0.1
Oats
299.7
8.7
284.7
1.8
Total Specified Grains
1,164.3
33.9
1-150.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,472.0
42.9
To Other Crops
487.0
14.2
Total
1,959.0
57.1
S-E-C-R-E-T
, Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 45
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Penza Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 43,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,330t0
100.0
Winter Wheat
71.1
1.6
68.8
9.4
Spring Wheat
304.5
7.0
194.9
1.0
Total Wheat
375.6
8 6
263.7
QAZ
Winter Rye
591.1
13.6
498.2
2.5
Total Bread Grains
11,26
aLa
761.9
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
20.0
0.4
14.8
0.2
Oats
423.1
9.7
300.4
1.8
Total Specified Grains
1,409.8
32.5
1,077.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,788.4
41.3
To Other Crops
422.2
9.7
Total
2,210.6
- 14-5 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
_
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 46
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Central Black Soil: Mordvin ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947 26,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectarel
21610.0
28.3
151.3
).79.6
316.4
496.0
5.7
218.1
891.6
236.3
1,127.9
Percentage
of of
Total Area
00.0
S-F-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _
0.2
8.3
aza
34.1
9.0
Alak
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
33.8
104.4
138.2
290.4
428.0
4.3
163.6
596.5
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
0.2
0.5
Negligible
1.0
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
_
Table 47
Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats
Upper Volga: Tatar ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 67,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
6.760.0
;.00J0
10.9
0.1
14.9
0.2
Spring Wheat
556.3
8.2
322.6
1.8
. Total Wheat
571.2
.11.L4
333.5
1 0
Winter Rye
1,020.3
15.1
817.7
4.1
Total Bread Grains
1,591.5
23.5
2..ta
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
28.7
0.4
22.4
0.2
Oats
588.6
8.7
364.9
2.3
Total Specified Grains
2.?08.8
lad
1.538.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,670.3
39.5
To Other Crops
567.3
8.4
Total
3.237.6
4742
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 48
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Grodno Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,300.0
1912,c2
Winter Wheat
9.6
0.7
7.7
Negligible
Spring Wheat
6.5
0.5
4.5
Negligible
Total Wheat
16.1
1 2
ia??.
Negligible
Winter Rye
155.5
11.9
116.2
0.6
Total Bread Grains
171.0
13.1
128.4
0 2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
32.3
67.4
2.5
5.2
24.2
43.8
0.3
0.3
Total Specified Grains
270.7
20.8.
.96.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
292.9
22.5
To Other Crops
129.0
9.9
Total
421.9
32.4
-48-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 49
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
. Belorussian SSR: Pinsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 16,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,630.0
1000
Winter Wheat
2.9
0.1
2.8
Negligible
Spring Wheat
1.8
0.1
1.3
Negligible
Total Wheat
4.L2
p_La
eligible
Winter Rye
89.0
5.4
75.4
0.3
Total Bread Grains
93.7
5-1.f2
2221
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
10.0
0.6
8.5
Negligible
Oats
31.0
1.9
27.6
0.1
Total Specified Grains
134.7
8.2
115.6
0 1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
149.9
9.1
,To Other Crops
81.1
4.9
Total
231.0
34.1
-49-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 50
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Brest Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,350.0
1000
11.5
5.3
Negligible
Negligible
12.5
7.3
0.9
0.5
Total Wheat
12,1
16.8
Fealigible
Winter Rye
143.0
10.5
115.5
0.5
Total Bread Grains
162.8
11.9
132.3
02
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
21.2
1.5
16.5
0.1
Oats
51.7
3.8
35.2
0.2
Total Specified Grains
235.7
17.4
184.0
0 2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
251.3
18.6
To Other Crops
106.6
7.8
Total
357.9
26.5
-50-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 51
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Molodechno Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,370.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
7.6
0.5
4.2
Negligible
Spring Wheat
12.8
0.9
3.4
Negligible
Total Wheat
aka
1.LA
zL
Negligible
Winter Rye
168.5
12.2
97.o
0.4
Total Bread Grains
188.9
13.6
104.6
0.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
36.3
2.6
25.6
0.2
Oats
81.5
5.9
53.9
0.3
Total Specified Grains
306.7
gaa
184.1
0 2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
335.0
24.4
To Other Crops
163.9
11.9
Total
498.9
1LA
-51-
S -E -0 -R -E -T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 52
Region IIT-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Baranovichi Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 14,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,480.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
5.6
03
7.2
Negligible
Spring Wheat
5.2
0.3
9.2
Negligible
Total Wheat
16.1.
PegliRible
Winter Rye
150.6
10.1
129.0
0.6
Total Bread Grains
10 8
145.4
2.1.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
37.1
2.5
28.3
0.3
Oats
82.9
5.6
58.7
0.3
Total Specified Grains
281.4
19.0
232.4
o 2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
305.1
20.6
To Other Crops
151.3
10.2
Total
451.4
30.8
- 52-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 53
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Polotsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 18,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,800.0
100 .0
Winter Wheat
13.9
0.8
9.8
0.1
Spring Wheat
15.8
0.9
9.6
0.1
Total Wheat
as.A.7
1:2
;14
Winter Rye
143.7
8;0
86.0
0.4
Total Bread Grains
12.3.ak
105.4
0 2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
35.6
2.0
23.1
0.3
Oats
88.8
4.9
57.7
0.3
Total Specified Grains
297.8
16.5
1862
0 2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
320.5
17.8
To Other Crops
494.8
27.4
Total
MAJ.
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 54
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Vitebsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 19600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of.
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1.938
Production
Base
;,960.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
14.0
10.8
0.1
Spring Wheat
19.8
1.0
13.7
0.1
Total Wheat
33.8
1J-7
0 1
Winter Rye
118.0
6.0
74.3
0.4
Total Bread Grains
La&
2.22
91,1
Q.16.a
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
40.5
2.1
27.9
0.3
Oats
81.8
4.2
60.5
0.4
Total Specified Grains
274.1
Ursil
1872
2,6a
Area Seeded
To All Grains
297.8
15.1
To Other Crops
Total
165.4
463.2
23.60.7
8.4
-54-
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Approved For Release 1999/09h02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _ _
Table 55
Region (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Mogilev Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,070.0
1_91),,c2
Winter Wheat
6.8
0.3
5.7
Negligible
Spring Wheat
37.2
1.8
30.5
0.2
Total Wheat
24.1
12.?2
Winter Rye
191.4
9.2
135.7
0.7
Total Bread Grains
235.4
114.2
171.9
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
59.0
2.8
44.2
0.5
Oats
88.4
4.3
71.6
0.4
Total Specified Grains
J82.8
11,1
28Z-7
Q.L.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
429.0
20.7
To Other Crops
196.0
9.4
Total
625.0
.30.1
-55-
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 56
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Minsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
18.4
24.3
0.9
1.2
17.0
17.2
0.1
0.1
Total Wheat
42.7
2 1
QA
Winter Rye
155.5
7.5
105.4
0.5
Total Bread Grains
198.2
139.6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
39.5
1.9
30.8
0.3
Oats
85.7
4.1
64.3
0.4
Total Specified Grains
323.4
15.5
234.7
(.1,1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
351.1
16.8
To Other Crops
165.0
7.9
Total
516.1
24.8
-56-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 57
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Bobruysk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 19,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
.,970.0
1000
Winter Wheat
12.3
0.6
11.4
0.1
Spring Wheat
23.4
1.2
16.6
0.1
Total Wheat
25.,2
1 8
28.0
Qi
Winter Rye
145.4
7.4
100.7
0.5
Total Bread Grains
181.1
128.7
2,2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
37.9
1.9
30.3
0.3
Oats
. 69.6
3.5
55.7
0.3
Total Specified Grains
288.6
14,12
24.7 .
Q.2.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
321.5
16.3
To Other Crops
148.4
7.5
Total
462,9
22,_8
- 57 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 58
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Gomel' Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 15,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,580.0
100.0
5.4
Negligible
6.1
0.4
Spring Wheat
23.3
1.5
19.1
0.1
Total Wheat
29.4
142
0 1
Winter Rye
143.4
9.1
110.8
0.6
Total Bread Grains
172,8
1142
125.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
33.8
2.1
28.4
0.3
Oats
46.9
3,0
39.4
0.2
Total Specified Grains
253.5
16.0
203.1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
305.0
19.3
To Other Crops
171.4
10.8
Total
i2L.4
30.1
-58-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 59
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Poles 'ye Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 21,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,170.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
9.0
0.4
8.3
Negligible
Spring Wheat
9.8
0.4
7.0
Negligible
Total Wheat
18.8
0 8
15.3
Nealigible
Winter Rye
103.2
4.8
79.2
0.4
Total Bread Grains
la&
0 2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
16.8
0.8
14.8
0.2
Oats
26.5
1.2
23.3
0.1
Total Specified Grains
1.(21,1
Zai)
;32.6
Qa
Area Seeded
To All Grains
202.9
9.3
To Other Crops
91.2
4.2
Total
294.1
12.1
-59-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 60
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Belorussian SSR: Kaliningrad Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 15,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1.580.0
100.0
Winter Wheat .
25.9
1.6
54.7
0.3
Spring Wheat
3.9
0.2
7.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
29.8
LiA4
0 1
Winter Rye
114.3
7.2
237.8
1.2
Total Bread Grains
144,1
2.1.1
300.2
(2,1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
41.7
2.6
89.6
0.9
Oats
57.0
3.6
118.3
0.7
Total Specified Grains
2h.2.8
508.1
0 6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
314.7
19.9
To Other Crops
261.3
16.5
Total
576.0
-6o-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 61
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Baltic: Lithuanian SSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 80,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectare)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
8,090.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
156.7
1.9
206.1
1.3
Spring Wheat
60.6
-0.7
45.2
0.2
Total Wheat
17.3
251.3
2,22
Winter Rye
689.4
8.5
623.7
3.1
Total Bread Grains
24.2
114
875,0
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
246.0
3.0
274.0
3.0
Oats
413.1
5.1
420.0
2.6
Total Specified Grains
1,565.8
12.162
1,569.0
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,771.6
21.8
To Other Crops
881.5
10.8
Total
g,653.1
.3242
-61-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 62
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Baltic: Latvian SSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 63,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
6,360.0
OO .0
Winter Wheat
71.1
1.1
113.2
0.7
Spring Wheat
73.5
1.1
78.7
0.4
Total Wheat
2A2,
191.9
2,1
Winter Rye
302.0-
4.7
378.7
1.9
Total Bread Grains
446.6
LQ
570.6
1-21-0
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
177.9
2.7
220.6
2.4
Oats
347.9
5.4
446.6
2.7
Total Specified Grains
972.4
15.2
1,237.8
Area Seeded
To Al]. Grains
1,091.6
17.1
To Other Crops
870.2
13.6
Total
1,961.8
30.8
-62-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
????? ????? ?xlm.
Table 63
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Baltic: Estonian SSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 45,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,510.0
100.0,
Winter Wheat
28.8
0.6
44.5
0.2
Spring Wheat
42.3
0.9
41.0
0.2
Total Wheat
71.1
1.21
85.5
gAa
Winter Rye
147.8
3.2
188.0
0.9
Total Bread Grains
218.9
&AA
2735
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
87.7
1.9
96.7
1.0
Oats
148.9
3.3
176.5
1.0
Total Specified Grains
455.5
10.0
546.7
Area Seeded
To All Grains
544.4
12.0
To Other Crops
351.8
7.8
Total
8964
19.8
-63-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 64
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northwest: Pskov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 31,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
3,170.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
2.1
Negligible
1.5
Negligible
Spring Wheat
6.0
0.1
3.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
gul
0 2
Winter Rye
40.0
1.2
28.5
0.1
Total Bread Grains
33.7
liggligible
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
' 9.0
0.2
6.4
Negligible
Oats
86.9
2.7
66.9
0.4
Total Specified Grains
144.0
107.0
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
ILL.
- 64 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _
Table 65
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northwest: Novgorod Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 53,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
5,370,0
Nu?.
Winter Wheat
56.2
1.0
39.5
0.2
Spring Wheat
34.0
0.6
20.4
0.1
Total Wheat
90.2
lab4
59.9
Winter Rye
173.8
3.2
117.2
0.5
Total Bread Grains
264.0
4,42
177.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
41.0
0.7
33.2
0.3
Oats
126.4
2.3
93.5
0.5
Total Specified Grains
431.4
8 0
303.8
P.A.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
N.A.
N.A.
L.
-65-
S-E-C-R-E-T
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 66
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Kalinin Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 66,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
6.kaas2
100.0
Winter Wheat
50.4
0.8
37.7
0.2
Spring Wheat
52.0
0.8
39.0
0.2
Total Wheat
;.02.4
Lk.
2642
Winter Rye
279.9
4.2
194.3
1.0
Total Bread Grains
382.3
5-sg.
271.0
itt.2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
52.0
0.8
42.1
0.5
Oats
260.0
3.9
213.2
1.3
Total Specified Grains
694.3
10 5
52.643
0 6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
778.6
11.8
To Other Crops
1,009.4
15.3
Total
1.788.0
22=1
-66-
S-E-C-RE-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 67
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Central European USSR: Velikiye Luki Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 44,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,490.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
31.8
0,7
21.7
0.1
Spring Wheat
34.0
0.8
19.0
0.1
Total Wheat
4S1.2.2
Winter Rye
184.2
4.1
120.8
0.6
Total Bread Grains
g50.0
111.1
g.42
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
38.5
0.9
25.0
0.3
Oats
173.0
3.9
122.8
0.8
Total Specified Grains
461.5
10.3
309.3
9_1.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
-67-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E -C.-R-E -T
- - - - - -
Table 68
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Smolensk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 49,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,900.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
15.1
0.3
12.7
0.1
Spring Wheat
51.5
1.1
44.8
0.2
Total Wheat
66.6
57.5
9.
-La
Winter Rye
437.6
8.9
351.0
1.8
Total Bread Grains
504.2
12,/
468.5
0 8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
65.8
1.3
54.0
0.6
Oats
347.4
7.1
302.2
1.9
Specified Grains
917.4
18.7
764.7
,Total
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,009.5
20.6
To Other Crops
955.7
19.5
Total
1,965.2
42,1
-68-
S-E -C -R-E -T
_ _ _ _ _ _
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 69
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Kaluga Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 29,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,980.0
100.0
47.0
47.2
0.3
0-3
52.6
63.0
1.8
2.1
Total Wheat
115.
%A&
ita
Winter Rye
143.2
4.8
84.3
0.4
Total Bread Grains
258.8
178.5
9,1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
16.1
0.5
10.0
0.1
Oats
135.0
4.5
95.8
0.6
Total Specified Grains
409.9
12../1
284.3
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
N.A.
-69-
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _ _
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 70
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Moscow Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 June 1944, 55,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
5,500.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
79.7
1.4
57.2
0.4
Spring Wheat
26.6
0,4
20.0
0.1
Total Wheat
106.3
1.A.2
77.2
0.2
Winter Rye
138.3
2.5
97.0
0.5
Total Bread Grains
244.6
174.2
.Q.L2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
2.4
Negligible
1.7
Negligible
Oats
255.7
4.6
217.3
1.4
Total Specified Grains
502.7
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
-70-
S-E-C-R-E-T
- - - -
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 71
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Tula Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1944, 31,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
.3,190.0
100,0
Winter Wheat
124.8
3.9
137.5
0.9
Spring Wheat
84.0
2.6
48.7
0.3
Total Wheat
208.8
186.2
0 6
Winter Rye
390.3
12.2
308.3
1.6
Total Bread Grains
599.1
18.7
494.5
2.12
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
2.7
Negligible
2.2
Negligible
Oats
337.8
10.5
293.9
1.8
Total Specified Grains
939.6
29.4
790.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,099.7
34.4
To Other Crops
578.6
24.0
Total
1,678.3
52.6
-71-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 72
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Ryazan' Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 43,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938 -
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,390.0
1000
Winter Wheat
157.1
1.6
189.6
1.2
Spring Wheat
107.4
2.4
98.8
0.6
Total Wheat
264.5
6 0
48.4
Q.L.9.
Winter Rye
647.2
14.7
604.5
3.1
Total Bread Grains
911.7
2.9.42
892.9
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
3.7
0.1
3.6
Negligible
Oats
434.1
9.9
382.0
2.4
Total Specified Grains
1,349.5
30.7
.,278.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,598.8
36.4
To Other Crops
675.0
15.3
Total
2,271,8
51.7
-72-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 73
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Vladimir Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
2,680.0
Winter Wheat
54.7
2.0
Spring Wheat
52.4
2.0
Total Wheat
2,(22,1
44:a
Winter Rye
155.8
5.8
Total Bread Grains
262.9
9.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
4.0
0.1
Oats
153.3
5.7
Total Specified Grains
ala.a
15.7
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
11.40.
LILL
-73-
S-E-C-R-E-T
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
54.6
33.5
au
106.6
194.7
3.3
125.7
)23.7
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
0.4
0.2
2.1.2
0.5
o.4
Negligible
0.8
2,1k
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 74
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Ivanovo Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2,460.0
;00.0
Winter Wheat
25.7
1.0
23.8
0.2
Spring Wheat
14.2
0.6
8.7
Negligible
Total Wheat
1.2.2
32.5.
gal
Winter Rye
112.9
4.6
76.3
0.4
Total Bread Grains
52.8
;.08.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
6.0
0.2
4.9
Negligible
Oats
106.0
4.3
81.6
0.5
Total Specified Grains
z.6u
10.8
125.3
Area Seeded
To All Grains
346.1
14.0
To Other Crops
484.5
19.6
Total
030.6
33.7
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _
Table 75
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Yaroslavl' Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 36,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1,122?s2
100.0
Winter Wheat
40.2
1.1
34.5
0.2
Spring Wheat
59.8
1.6
47.8
0.3
Total Wheat
100.0,
RAZ
Aga
c1,2
Winter Rye
81.5
2.2
68.0
0.3
Total Bread Grains
181.5
4.A2.
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
4.0
0.1
3.7
Negligible
Oats
98.6
2.7
85.8
0.5
Total Specified Grains
284.1
Li
2398
Area Seeded
To All Grains
315.2
8.5
To Other Crops
528.7
14.3
Total
813.9
22.8,
-75-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 76
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Kostroma Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 58,000 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
5.800.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
40.0
0.7
34.2
0.2
Spring Wheat
60.4
1.0
32.6
0.2
Total Wheat
100,4
66 8
0 2
Winter Rye
166.0
2.9
113.8
0.6
Total Bread Grains
266.4
&Lk
180.6
2,1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
50.7
260.0
0.9
4.5
38.5
184.6
0.4
1.1
Total Specified Grains
577.1
10.0
403.7
2,1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
Total
-76-
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 77
Region III?B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Industrial Concentration B: Gortkiy Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 75,400 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
7,540.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
102.4
1.4
101.0
0.6
Spring Wheat
139.9
1.8
86.7
0.5
Total Wheat
242.3
LZ
187,7
0 6
Winter Rye .
576.2
7.6
406.6
2.0
Total Bread Grains
818.5
10.8
594.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
13,1
0.2
10.1
0.1
Oats
445.7
5.9
329.8
2.0
Total Specified Grains
1,277.3
16_,2
934.2
1,12
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,447.6
19.1
To Other Crops
608.7
8.0
Total
2,056,3
27.2
-77-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 78
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Central European USSR: Chuvash ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 18,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
1422,2
100.0
Winter Wheat
24.0
1.3
20.7
0.1
Spring Wheat
61.1
3.3
35.4
0.2
Total Wheat
85.1
4.6
56.1
0 2
Winter Rye
203.9
11.1
165.9
0.8
Total Bread Grains
289.0
15.7
222.0
9.44,
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
8.7
0.5
6.7
0.1
Oats
155.8
8.5
91.9
0.6
Total Specified Grains
453.5
24.41
320.6z
ga..4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
527.4
28.8
To Other Crops
193.4
10.5
Total
720.4
1241
-78-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table ,79
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Central European USSR: Nhri ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 23,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
2.310.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
6.3
0.3
3.0
Negligible
Spring Wheat
29.8
1.3
17.3
0.1
Total Wheat
34.1
10
Winter Rye
194.4
8.4
-La
140.1
0.7
Total Bread Grains
230.5
10.0
160.4
4.12
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
9.9
0.4
7.8
0.1
Oats
133.6
5.8
85.5
0.5
Total Specified Grains
375.0
1E1,2
2537
g.R.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
395.2
17.1
To Other Crops
101,3
4.3
Total
496.5
2,121k
-79-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 80
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Central European USSR: Kirov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 121,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
12,160.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
12.9
0.1
5.1
Negligible
Spring Wheat
119.2
1.0
73.9.
0.4
Total Wheat
132.1
79.0
0 2
Winter Rye
809.8
6.6
552.1
2.8
Total Bread Grains
941.9
L.2
631.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
195.4
1.6
138.7
1.5
Oats
679.0
5.6
461.7
2.9
Total Specified Grains
1,816.3
11.9
14231.5
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,884.0
15.4
To Other Crops
273.9
2.2
Total
2,157.9
laa
-80-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 81
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Urals: Udmurt ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 42,200 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,220.0
1000
Winter Wheat
2.2
Negligible
0.4
Negligible
Spring Wheat
142.9
3.4
88.6
0.5
Total Wheat
145.1
e.a.C2
Anter Rye
408.3
9.7
289.4
1.5
Total Bread Grains
551.4
378.4
9.22.
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
59.1
1.4
42.6
0.5
Oats
317.7
7.5
216.0
1.3
Total Specified Grains
930.2
2g.S2
637.0
{) 8
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,006.8
23.8
To Other Crops
240.2
5.6
Total
14U2Ag
21.5.
-81-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 82
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Urals: Molotov Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 170,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
17,080.0
0.1
233.0
g33.1
449.4
68g .5
99.7
444.8
1.227.0
1,337.3
272.6
14609.9
-82-
Percentage
of
Total Area
100.0
Negligible
1.4
S-E-C-R-E-T
1.8.4
2.6
4A.Q.
0.6
2.6
2.A.Z
7.8
1.5
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
N.A.
207.4
207.4
372.1
579.5
100.7
409.2
1,089.4
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
8-E-C-R-E-T
Table 83
Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northwest: Leningrad Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 85,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
8,510.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
19.0
0.2
14.8
Negligible
Spring Wheat
40.0
0.4
25.6
0.1
Total Wheat
5.242
0 6
40.4
2,1
Winter Rye
69.4
0.8
48.4
0.2
Total Bread Grains
128.4
88.8
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
31.1
0.3
24.0
0.2
Oats
50.0
0.5
42.0
0.2
Total Specified Grains
209.5
154.4
0 1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
277.4
3.2
To Other Crops
700.6
8.2
Total
978?0
-83-
s-E-c-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 84
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northwest: Karelo-Finnish SSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 178,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
17,850.0
1000
Spring Wheat
2.9
Negligible
2.0
Negligible
Total Wheat
Negligible
2.49.
Negligible
Winter Rye
13.0
Negligible
9.2
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
15.9
Negligible
11.2
Negligible
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
6.2
Negligible
5.2
Negligible
Oats
15.8
Negligible
11.4
Negligible
Total Specified Grains
IL/
0 2
27.8
Negligible
Area Seeded
To All Grains
40.3
0.2
To Other Crops
18.8
0.1
Total
59.1
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 85
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northwest: Arkhangellsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 594,200 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
59,420.0
100 0
Winter Wheat
4.8
Negligible
3.6
Negligible
Spring Wheat
36.2
Negligible
25.0
0.1
Total Wheat
41.0
Negligible
28.6
Negligible
Winter Rye
96.1
0.1
64.1
0.3
Total Bread Grains
137.1
0 2
2Z,Z
0 1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
45.6
Negligible
42.0
0.4
Oats
96.2
0.1
63.0
0.3
Total Specified Grains
278.9
L97 .7
9,a
Area Seeded
To All Grains
291.8
0.4
To Other Crops
70.5
0.1
Total
362.3
-85-
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 86
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northern European USSR: Vologdsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 147,400 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
14.740.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
13.3
Negligible
10.1
Negligible
Spring Wheat
104.2
0.7
71.9
0.4
Total Wheat
117.5
2,2
82.0.
Winter Rye
250.2
1.6
179.6
0.9
Total Bread Graini
1.0.2.L2
261.6
Q_sA
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
106.0
0.7
86.9
0.9
Oats
242.8
1 . 6
182.1
1.1
Total Specified Grains
716.1
0 6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
756.3
5.1
To Other Crops
293.3
1.9
Total
1,049.6
L.1
-86-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 87
Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats
Northern European USSR: Komi ASSR
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 4o4,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
40,460.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
0.3
Negligible
0.2
Negligible
Spring Wheat
3.8
Negligible
2.6
Negligible
Total Wheat
Negligible
2 8
Negligible
Winter Rye
18.8
Negligible
12.5
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
22.9
negligible
15.3
negligible
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
21.4
Negligible
19.7
0.2
Oats
12.3
Negligible
8.4
Negligible
Total Specified Grains
Ikek
c.),1
L3 .3
negligible
Area Seeded
To All Grains
58.3
0.1
To Other Crops
22.8
Negligible
Total
81.1
-87-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09h02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _ _
Table 88
Region IV (Surplus); Spring Wheat and Oats
Urals: Sverdlovsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 193,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
19,310.0
100 ? 0
1.0
Negligible
2.2
Negligible
Spring Wheat
299.8
1.6
204.5
1.1
Total Wheat
302.0
1 6
205.5
0 6
Winter Rye
210.0
1.1
171.6
0.9
Total Bread Grains
512.0
/22:1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
52.8
278.2
0.3
1.4
53.3
255.9
0.6
1.6
Total Specified Grains
843t0
686.3
p_t2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
908.8
4.7
To Other Crops
182.7
0.9
Total
1,091.5
5,,f2
-88-
S-E-C-R-E-T
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Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 89
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
Urals: Chelyabinsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 87,800 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,780.0,
100?0
Winter Wheat
2.3
Negligible
1.3
Negligible
Spring Wheat
673.4
7.7
417.5
2.3
Total Wheat
675.7
Li
418.8
Winter Rye
173.8
2.0
80.1
0.4
Total Bread Grains
849.5
2.12
498.9
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
18.0
0.2
10.8
0.1.
Oats
270.0
3.1
164.7
1.0
Total Specified Grains
1,137.5
1,1,2
674.4
0 8
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,320.1
15.0
To Other Crops
333.6
3.7
Total
1,653.7
18.8
-89-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 90
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Kurgan Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 71,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage.
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
7,110.0
1.00.0
Winter Wheat
2.1
Negligible
1.9
Negligible
Spring Wheat
1,010.0
14.2
656.5
3.6
Total Wheat
1,012.1
likaa
658.4
2 0
Winter Rye
237.7
3.3 .
133.2
0.7
Total Bread Grains
1,249.817..5
791.6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
81.7
1.1
48.2
0.5
Oats
405.0
5.7
211..6
1.3
Total Specified Grains
1,736.5
3A.L.2
1,054.4
1,1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
LA..
-90-
S-E-C-R-E-T
? ? ? ?
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 91
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Tyumen Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 139,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
136,300.0
561.0
561.0
97.9
658.9
Percentage
of
Total Area
100.0
0.4
0.1
2:1
46.0 Negligible
258.0 0.2
962.9
N.A.
N.A.
A.
-91-
S-E-C-R-E-T
as2
N.A.
N.A.
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
398.3
398.3
67.0
465.3
37.7
178.0
6810
Percentage
of 3.938
Production
Base
2.2
0.3
0.4
1.1
Q.1.2
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 92
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Omsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 139,300 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
13,930.0
100.0
Winter Wheat
6.9
Negligible
1.4
Negligible
Spring Wheat
842.3
6.0
598.0
3.3
Total Wheat
849.2
6
122,4
Winter Rye
234.7
1.7
156.9
0.8
Total Bread Grains
1.083.9
756.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
64.5
0.5
52.9
0.6
Oats
387.0
2.8
267.0
1.7
Total Specified Grains
1,535.4
11,2
1.076.2,
1.2.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
1,680.3
12.0
To Other Crops
518.6
3.7
Total
2.198.9
15.7
- 92 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 93
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Novosibirsk Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 178,800 Square Kilometers)
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
17.880.0
100 .0
Winter Wheat
18.7
0.1
12.9
Spring Wheat
1,286.2
7.2
964.6
Total Wheat
1,304.9
ZAI
977.5
Winter Rye
253.2
1.4
185.6
Total Bread Grains
1,558,1
,163.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
66.8
0.4
56.1
Oats
635.0
3.5
533.4
Total Specified Grains
2,259.9
la&
1,752.6
Area Seeded
To All Grains
2,385.5
13.3
To Other Crops
443.2
2.4
Total
2,828.7
15.8
-93-
S-E-C-R-E-T
_ _ _ _ _ _
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
0.1
5.4
asa
0.9
L2
0.6
3.3
zia
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 94
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Kemerovo Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 95,500 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
9.550.0
100.0
Spring Wheat
64.0
0.7
48.0
0.3
Total Wheat
64,g.
04.2
o
Winter Rye
90.5
0.9
64.5
0.3
Total Bread Grains
154.5
1 6
112.5
Qa
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
10.0
0.1
8.4
0.1
Oats
122.0
1.3
102.5
0.6
Total Specified Grains
286.5,
34.9.
223.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
ILL.
N.A.
- 911- -
S-E-C-R-E-T
ma. amm. as.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 95
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
West Siberia: Altai Kray
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 261,600 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
Oats
Total Specified Grains
Area Seeded
To All Grains
To Other Crops
Total
1938
Area
Babe
(Thousand
He
26,160.0
9.3
2,466.2
2,475.5
97.6
2,572.1
45.6
726.1
3,344.8
3,467.6
475.6
3,943.2
-95 -
Percentage
of
Total Area
100.0
Negligible
9.4
S-E-C-R-E-T
0.4
13.2
1.8
15.0
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
8.9
1,849.6
1,858.5
71.3
;,929.8
38.3
609.9
2,578.0
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
0.1
10.3
0.4
0.4
3.8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 96
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
Kazakh SSR: Kustanay Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 198,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
19.870.0
1000
Spring Wheat
424.6
2.1
246.3
1.4
Total Wheat
424.6
246.3
Winter Rye
37.1
0.2
22.3
0.1
Total Bread Grains
461.7
24.2
268.6
cj.L2
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
39.6
0.2
17.0
0.2
Oats
74.1
0.4
36.3
0.2
Total Specified Grains
575.4
242
)21.9
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
-96-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 97
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
Kazakh SSR: North Kazakhstan Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 45,700 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
Spring Wheat
Total Wheat
Winter Rye
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
4,570.0
0.3
314.2
3.14.2-1
13.7
Negligible
1.7
2,2
0.1
0.4
532.6
533.0
Negligible
11.7
11,2
0.5
21.1
Total Bread Grains
554L1
12,2,
328.2
0 6
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
53.9
1.2
30.2
0.3
Oats
36.0
0.8
22.0
0.1
Total Specified Grains
644.0
114.4
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
-97-
S -E - C -R -E - T
? ? ? ? ?
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 98
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
Kazakh SSR: Kokchetav Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 74,100 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
7,419,0
100.0
Spring Wheat
236.0
3.1
144.0
0.8
Total Wheat
236.0
0.4
Winter Rye
Total Bread Grains
236.0
Li
144.0
0.3
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
4.0
Negligible
2.4
Negligible
Oats
48.0
0.6
29.8
0.1
Total Specified Grains
288.0
176.2
0.2
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
S-E-C-R-E-T
Table 99
Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats
Kazakh SSR: Pavlodar Oblast
(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 138,900 Square Kilometers)
Total Area
Specified Bread Grains
Winter Wheat
1938
Area
Base
(Thousand
Hectares)
Percentage
of
Total Area
1938
Production
Base
(Thousand
Metric Tons)
Percentage
of 1938
Production
Base
13,890.0
100.0
Spring Wheat
283.3
2.0
184.1
1.0
Total Wheat
283.3
ac.Q.
Q.a.1
Winter Rye
1.5
Negligible
1.0
Negligible
Total Bread Grains
284.8
2.16Q,
X85J
P.A.1
Specified Feed Grains
Barley
17.7
0.1
11.5
0.1
Oats
62.7
0.4
38.9
0.2
Total Specified Grains
365.2
ask
235.5
1.),1
Area Seeded
To All Grains
N.A.
N.A.
To Other Crops
N.A.
N.A.
Total
N.A.
-99-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
roved- For Release1999/49102,-;7GIA4Z-DP79_41-093A0Q03000 0002-8
,
SECRET
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8