THE MACHINE TOOL INDUSTRY IN THE USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 42
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 6, 1999
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: December 26, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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54
u?NTRAL IN`L"t Y307,YNCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Iieporto
Prow- siont Report Noo 6
(C;IA/R F%-6)
.A.1.1 iti riAC%'TiNF`, TOOL INDUi2I,1 1 IN LTfl USSR
26 L c:cmber 1,051
Tis docur, ert is a Z orkir:ing paper The data ::a conclusion;
cont?fi.neci herein do not iecessar it rep-resentk" final
position of ORRy and Should be rye say .d as p32'ova s o_ I ara yt
and subject to revis3.oair 5 U:1.t7oral data or co-m-tent ~Jt-t1 C, I
Pi ray Ixi available to tf~ aver is solid. t ci, Mis report
conta!rs information available, to O RP, as of 1 J a r m xy :I9
IS DOCTJTT'!'MT CONTAINS F
F F CTING ~1 Tq-TE NATIONAL
DES~''.,NSJ', OF t.iT UNITED STV!'T"
~ tf~{f .8. SErG l.$.d.ONS. 793 AND !9ti ~ OF 6.i1 R7 .T , sn AS J IEN I_YED ,
I3 TR,AKS' IA SIGN M. s ?-~,'ELA`.TION OF ITS CON TENT'S TO OP
RMP"I"n, BY i1.. iT3Is'.0e cs-rg, .01a By
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CONFIDENTIAL.
e urr t-i y. o E m a e a o o a o a e o o a a a a ? ? o o n o m o 6
.To Iae mducti on , O O w w O O n O a O . .y 0 0 e O 6 00 a 0 C
no History of the I xas,tx7 a e a a
Me Ox-Ganizatton and Operation
lU O~6g,,~7', ~, tio ` P a Q G O O O O ?
2 0 T chno {.og o o o o e o 3 O o e
b, Technical Instruction O v . O O e 8 0 O O O ? 0 a O
, Develop ent O C O 0 0 O O a a 0 O O 0 6 O 0 O w 0 O
30 Input J q it )1Trn 4, O O O O O O O 6 9 Y i] ? C! O O O O 6
IV 1 Avallabilities n o 0 o w ,a w o a ? e o 0 0 o a ? o u v o o 6
IIn Production Q o a w a o w o? a o 0 0 0 o si m w a o 6 a
2 0 Stockpiles a o 6 0 a ? tl ? O O a Cf O o 3 a O O O ? ? O 8
30 Substl. tutes n O O b e f+ O t7 e O o a 8 O 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 8
Vo Soviet acl-dne Tool Park a a a a. 0 0 0 0 0 O O O 4
10 Inve 3 2`y' o a a u w~ ? 0 a 006 00 0 0
2m Iep1ace? r:.'t -~ u o ~ o c) ? o m o a o 0 o a u o 0 0
Appendix A. 1 ethod TJsz:d to Compute Soviet Production of
Meth .ne A' +t?I1s 0 o m o m a a 0 o w a) w 0 0 u 0 o 10
Appendix Bo F1achine Tool .ai';04 in th3 USSR., Janxxawry 1,051 ,,
CotippENTIA
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CIA/BR t-6
SECURITY INFOItIA9.ION
S_ ter
From the inception of the First Five Year '.an in 1928 the Soviets h< ve
made great strides in building up a machine-tool industry in the belief :tat-
they should eventually become self uf.?icient indu.s t,riw1 y,
Althoud`.. the Soviets continue to be handicapped by insufficient tec;.nica1
instruction and eki11, the estimated rate of Soviet production of machne tools
for 1950 was about 67,000 units, 2lot only has the unit production _r.nc ased
sane fortyfold since 1928, but also the number of types and siv,*s of machine
tools have greatly augmented, tie 19,50 Ilan calling for 2,300 type-sizes in
contrast to 1932, when only 42 type-sizes ware riade It is estimated. that there
are now over 70 machine-tool plants in the USSR employing some 101,.000 arcrkers;,
Although all of the required materials are available, the Soviet machine-tool
industry lacks the capability of rapid expansion in an emergency, in contrast to
the US industry, because it is felt that the Soviets are now working at near full
capacity,
A major problem confronting the machine-tool industry in the USSR is the
continuing difficulty in obtaining adequate replacement parts, the extensive
effort to standardize equipment having had questionable success,: This problem
is particularly acute for those machine tools of foreign manufacture .x.'.iich
comprise at least one-half of the Soviet machine-tool park, roughly estimated
at I million units. An increasing proportion of current Soviet production is
expected to be rased to make up for inventory losses incurred through improper
naintenarce, lack of replacement parts., and the resultant hij].i rate of deterioration,,
Faced with such difftcu_1.ti es, the US` R needs large stockpiles of machine tools as
a war reserve, although no estimates of -the ntrretbers regz? r d are avallablew
I, Introduction.
There is no universally accepted definition for the a semi tool, Tho National
P?aclhine Tool. Builders= Association of Amsrica has defined a machine tool as a
"power-driver complete metal..--vork1 g mac L ae, not portable by hand;, having one
or more tools or cork-holding dWices and used for? progressively ramoving metal
in the form of chips." 3,~ Grinding,, honing,., and lapping rnac'airies are included in
this classification, even thou. h the chips moved are artcroscor c. 'Since
presses, brakes, metal shears., and forging and stamping, Machine.-: do not produce
chips, they are not machine tools by this c'afir ition, Toy often are com1bined,,
however, w ,nth those machines Vnhich do produce chips and are known by such terms
as 'metal1;or king" or "metal-processing" orsaip;; :nte However. these two gene a.'?
types of equipment--those which produce cams and t-~o;3o which de not--a-re quite
distinct.. For the purpose of this report, the definition of a machine tools as
Stated above, will be used,and hand-.operated portable electric drills., power
hand tools, and similar tools wtll be sliiu.nated from the discussion as much as
possible.
* This is another of the Task Force I papers hich were submitted in the spring
of 1951, . In spite of the fact that it maj seam to be out of date, nevarti_eless
it is felt that the paper is of vu?fiei vn w basic value to rat i u _e~ubli.catio,a
It is expected that a rovi lion 811 be issued as soon as possible.
Machine Tools and a, National Machine `cool Builders ? Association, Cie :E and.,
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he machine tool is the only device which not only produces other machines
but also reproduces itself. Vithout the machine tool it would be impossible to
produce most of our everyday necessities and luxuries, not only those, products
Whose metal parts obviously have been produced on the machine tool but also
those tt ich in _f inished form give no clues as to the part played by the machine
tool in their manufacture. Automobiles, airplanes, ships, mining equipment, and
petroleum equip? cent are all made by machine tools or machines made on machine
tools. !&th the aid of these tools and machines, forests are converted to
lumber, rubber to automobile tires, and raw cotton and wool to clothing. The
level of a nation is industrialization depends in large measure, therefore, upon
the national inventory of machine tools and the ability to produce them.
A study of the machine-tool industry gives an insight into the economic
stability, economic potentiality,) and vulnerability of a country as well as
specific information on its ability to produce the machine tool itself and general-
information on its ability to prod-ace all necessary machinery and equipment.
II. HiGto 7 of the Industry.
The Soviets are fully aware that the nation possessing the largest inventory
of machine tools and the ability' to produce them has at its disposal one of the
keys to national power. Stalin at the 14th Council of Rational Economy, stated
as follows: "They (the authors of the Defies Plan) would have liked to limit us to
the producti.on, lot us say, of cotton print, but this is not enough for us, I
want to produce not only cotton print but also the machine necessary for its
production. They would have liked us to lirtt our production, let us say, of
automobiles, but this is not enough for us, for we want to produce not only
automobile$ but the machines that will produce automobiles,, To change our .
country from an agrarian to an industrial one, able to produce necessary Iequi ent
by its oum efforts w- this is the gist, the basis of our general policy."
Before the Revolution, Russia, having a somewhat primitive agricultural
economy, had few uses for machine tools. Vlach i.ne tools were used pnimarily in
the arsenals, railroad shops, rainin, equipment repair shops, ship repair yards,
textile maintenance shops, and in a few metalworking shops of snaal.l :importance.
More were several small plants that made simple lathes and drill presses or
more or less of a job basis, but most ,require -aents were filled by imports, It
is estianated that pre-Revolution machine building of all kinds, including
machine tools, accounted for only 6.8 percent of total Russian Indust xial pro-
duetiors.
of the 14th Congress of the Communist Party in December 1925
At the meeting
a resolution was adopted to industrialize the USSR, initiating an accelerated
program of devvelooment for machine building, particularly machine tools. The
Soviets used the US as their model for industrialization. Although realizing
that it would be necessary to import machine tools from foreign countries for
Many tears not only for immediate production but also for purposes of design,
the Soviets planned for ultimate self-sufficiency in the production of machine
tools, as in all industrial plans.
In the early days of the Five Year Plans the question arose of separating
machine-tool building as an independent branch from machine building. Beginning
t ith the organization of the Y4achiine Tool Building Trust in 1929 and the transfer
of all machine-tool building plants to it, Soviet machine-tool building developed
rapidly into one of the leading branches of machine building. Later, the
Peoples Commissariat of Machine Tool Building, organized in 19111, united under
one organization the products on of metal-cutting tools, cutting and measuring
tools,, abrasives, forging and press machinery, and a number of plants making
related products. At about- this same time the machine-tool building plants also
Wei truing to convert from a job--shop basis to series production based upon
standardization of models and the specialization of certain plants in making one
general type of machine tool, such as lathes, rdlltng machines, and grinders,
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During the rst and Second Five Year Mans, w; .3.e the new iach.ino-too1
plants still were in the designing s ge or attoi piing to perfect production, a
signi.f`Lcant tuber of machine tools produced the USSR were made In plants in
other branches o:c' indu.stry such as av`t ati.wxi, as?ra en r;Qrsral w pine building,
local industry", and industrial cooperatigives. In most cases the i,ndu.str-? ev,
required the machine tools for 'their otin operation and expansion. .Pressure from
highex' authority often forced plants to :make copies of nach'irre tools presently
in their shops so that they might meet the Plan goals ?or the items for v'h1ch
they were respa nsible. As machine-tool. plants carte into prodh c tior, howovor,
the nnonufactiirc of machine tools by other plants became less frequent and by
1951 had virtuality ceased. Some potential for the nanufacti re of -nachin tools
in such pl.a-its sttU exists,, however, s1io i1d the omer;ency raq a:i.re it.
Postwar developments havo included the rebid i 1diiag of tho c armaged machine-tool
plemtsy the erection of new plants,, and ' ho installation of power equip;-lent in
many of the older plants. Specialized foundries also have been set up to supply
the machine-tool Industry, and other plant, havc specialized in n=u: acthzring
component parts for machine tools on a standardized basis. The use of turn; ten-
carbide tooling is being stres: ed, causing einphasis t be placed on adapting
machine tools for hi.gr.-speed operation. t,hile the greater percentage of M chine
tools being built in the USA' . are of tine general-purpms-, type (i avae s, emlling
machines, shapers, drill presses,, and grinding n ach1r ee.), consid rode attention
has ben !liven to the design and production of special-purpose t chive tools and
transfer "iachines -for. perforeng multiple operations.
In the last 2 years the 'USSR has made great strides in building aap Its
machine-tool indhstry. Its importance hay ben recognized by the appoi n'tn nit of
Efrernav, formerly Cor issa: of Machine Tool Building, as Deputy of the USS-11
Council of P' iLlstcrs. The uze of iraachine tools by $t k h avites is eat. 'ed
constantly in th daily press, and snwny a erocs of the Soviet Union' -e machine-
tool operators. Today the Soviet machine-too? i dustry has entered into a new
phase, and for -the first time the USSR possesses an integrated core of specialized.
plants.
III, Crgazdzatioa and (}ueration.
1. Or ani zatz"s,.on.
Under the Irinistry of machine Tool Building of the IBS R, ei ;'It riatrz
administrations have been identified as follows:
Abrasives Production
Forging and Press Machine
Heavy "tachine TTool`ndzjsttry
Machine Tool, Industry
aaie of Products of iIini.stxar of Machine Tool. Building
Machine Tool Supply
Supporting Industries for Machine Tool BuiIcdirng;
':cool L dNV ry
Seventy plants are known to be azoociated with the Niri try, and 20
otters probably axrv associated? About 60 of the 70 known plants of the
'fli i t y are produclag -machine tools.
20 Technology.
ap Technical Instruction.
The USSR has only a few teachers in engineer.'ire ti,rhhose e
ietionce and
x
tx+a .ning reere received before the 1930's. TechLnical.ly trained instructors
capable of t?, 7 rng out coanpotcnt en veers are few, and their qualifications. and
foci liti es often are poo}ter Foreign studies on engirt eeering, bweverj have bean
freely axrailabte, and masxy of these studies have been translated into Tiussi air
.- 3 .c.
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with appropriate modifications to suit the prevailing Soviet political beliefs.
Large quantities of US technical journals, for example, as well as those
periodicals of the various US trade associations and industries, are widely
distxi.Uted in the USSR not only to the various schools but also to the libraries
of the industries, ministries, and i.n M.vidual plants.
To supplement the training of its engineers, the USSR, during the
3.930 1 a and during the war period, sent many of its engineers to the US,
ostensibly as inspectors in the machine-tool and other industries but actually
to observe the manufacturing methods used in the production of US equipment.
Many of these engineers displayed theoretical knowledge but in nearly every
case showed a lack of practical experience. Few of these engineers remained in
the US very long and after being moved from plant to plant returned to the USSR
and were replaced by other Soviet engineers, somewhat on rotation. while the
US manufacturers in most cases were agreeable to having the Soviets on their
premises, there were numerous instances where they prevented the Soviet engineers
from learning certain production operationsj. The Soviets profited by their stay
in the US plants, however, and most of them returned home with copious notes of
what they had seen.
Before UJorld thr II the technical publications of the USSR were made
up mainly of articles translated from foreign publications and often went so
far as to credit the article to the US or British publication in 1h ich it
originally appeared. Of lathe, however, articles by Soviet technicians have been
featured. Articles and the photographs contained in foreign technical publications
are scanned avidly by the technical and factory workers who are permitted to see
them, and these workers are encouraged to adapt to their own particular work any
new methods thus learned* If successful, they may be honored by being named as
a Stakhanovite (shock worker) or even attain the rating of 'g1ero of the Soviet
Unions" thus obtaining the rights and privileges that accompany these ratingsa
Some of the results so obtained are subsequently published in the newspapers and
in the technical journals and frequently are filmed in the USSR equivalent of
"News of the World." In many such cases, increased production results.
As part of the education for greater production throughout the USSR,
workers who have raised their production above their norms and have introduced
Stakhanoirite methods in their own factories often are sent to other factories
to demonstrate these new methods. Great strides are being made, but much
remains to be done. It is significant that the amount of technical literature
on machine tools in Russian is rapidly increasing.
The campaign for industrial education, intensified since l.orld War II,
has been confronted with the problem of converting the peasant from an
agricultural to an industrial worker and of inculcating him with a pride for
machine and factory similar to his feeling for land and animals. In contrast
to such industrial countries as the US, Switzerland,. and Germany, where a
mechanic keeps his machine clean and in good working condition, the Soviets do
not take any such care of -their equipment. Moreover, since the Soviet machine-
tool industry is only in. its infancy, there is no tradition of skill to be
handed dotln from father to son. In the US machine-tool plants, for example,
many operations requiring considerable hand skill are jealously guarded and
passed on from generation to generation. This also is true in Switzerland in the
,manufacture of fine-quality precision machinery. In the USSR, on the other hand,
hereditary skills and pride of accomplishment in mechanical arts are rare, the
emphasis being placed on fulfilling norms and quotas.
Another problem in improving technical skill is the lack of practical
shop experience in the case of Soviet engineers. In contrast to the US, where
engineer graduates often serve an apprenticeship in a plant, learning the work
from the ground up, Soviet graduates usually are started in a plant in an
executive position of assistant foreman, acting as supervisor over a department.
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As a result, they have little opportunity to acquire a firsthand knowledge of the
shop and machines. Mere also is the fear, as in other oriental countries, that
they may lose face if they perform manual tasks,. In turn, this utili.zedon of
enginccri ng graduates in executive positions halts the advancement of capable
workers, A further difficulty is that than} of the political hacks appointed to
administrative positions have no technical background.
Despite these problems connected with technical improvement, the
Soviets, undoubtedly are attaining some knowledge in the manufacture of machine
tools. However, the modern finished product tAiich, in contrast with the
three- or four-thousandth tolorance required a generation ago, now requires
tolerances of only a few tenths of a thousandth,, and it 1s difficult to believe
that the present generation of machinists in the USSR will be able to compete
with the machin ists employed in US machine-.tool plants.
b. Dever opment.
The types of machine tools built in the USSI: up until the late 1920's
were of the crudest variety, float of the lathes, for example, were incapable
of cutting a thread and did not have a built-in lead screw. In the early 1930=s,
attempts were made to modernize the types of machine tools being produced, and
a variety of new models were brought out during that period, incorporating sonde
of the more modern foreign improvements,, Foreign manufacthtrers were required
to submit with their t chine tools not only operating manuals but in many cases
detailed assembly drawings on the grounds that the machines shipped to the USSR
could be repaired when necessary, These working drawings, however, b amore the
properties of the ministries or of their research divisiens, Only rarely were
they :Wade available to the factories to which the machines mrcre shipped. Research
institutions thus had the basic dr. awiriga on which they could start their modern-
ization programs for their own machine tools. In many cases these institutions
have gone so far as to adopt the name of the foreign manufacturers. In a recent
technical publication, for example, photographs were shot-in of a newly designed
machine tthich appears to be almost an exact copy of the U'S-'made Pzra.ttY-I4hitney
Keller milling machine. Another examiplc is the manufacture of special production
machines designed to drill, reem, and tap multiple holes of such ito as
automobile or tractor cylinder blocks. Although considerable emphasis during
the postwar period has been placed upon increased production of this type of
equi ament, a search thorough the current literature published by the Soviets has
failed to reveal much information on original designs or nee developments by the
USSR.
During the posturer period, considerable emphasis has been placed on
the use of carbide tooling, with restit?ting increases in the spierl of cutting.
Staldiariovites who have thus increased the speeds on their machines have been given
country wide publicity, and all factory workers have been encouraged to do
likewise. Attention has been given to the incorporating of additional horsepower
motors so that more chips can be removed. The Soviet factory workcers were late
in discovering the ratio of hor?sepotrer to the cubic; inches of metal removed per
minute. In the US it was found noeessary to redssi.gi many of the machine tools
(by "beefing them up") to take care of he increased horsepower,, stresses, and
wear that accompxty the use of carbide tools. Only now is it becoming apparent
that in the USSR the accelerated depreciation of Soviet rnachi.ne ?i otols due to
the useage of carbide tooling is becoming a ser?ioizs problem.
Me V1ini utry of Nachlne Too]. Building has :ender its jurisdiction
several research institutes which a. charged i tk? the develormien y and de3si ri of
new types of machine tools. Although the engineering departments of US maeaine .
tool plants constantly are forced, through competition, to redesign and improve
their machine tools
.1 in the USSR t'zers is the tendency for a design, once approved
by the Nialstry of plachinv `fbol Building and allocated to one or more factories for
production, ? o become frozen to that particular model.* Often the users of tho
machine tools have little or nothing to say about the type of machine which is
allocated and which soave tim s may not s i t the work ;involved. Although the USSR
For hi g"i-speed cutting, designs are only mod`fi.ed.
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probaW,r will continue to be backward in designing machine tools, in recent years
the nwraber of designs of the various types of machine tools has increased. In
1932 there were only 19 different types and sizes of machine tools, but the 1950
Flan called for the production of 2,300 type-sizes,,
3. Tnput Requi mentso
Materials regtaired to manufacture machine tools in the USSR include
principally cast iron, steel, and smaller qu:antaitIes of copper., lead,,, anr-, other
naaaier av.s metals., In addition to :-metals
, cartain components such uz anii fricU.on
bearings,, electric motors, controls., drive belts., and way wipers are needed. 31t
the current est ..mated rate of production the fo . =_owing materials or c:orroponent s
in 1950 were requx,red.
is timated Input Requirements for the Soviet larhine Tool industry
Material or Component
Steel and Cart Iron
Copper and Brass
Antii'riction B axing r
Electric Controls and ifotors
Drive Belts and ! &pers
255ACOO 1?ietr?-.a c Tons
P.V900 Metric Tons
65o,oco unit's
325,000 Horsepower
200,000 Pounds of Rubber
It has been estimatr":d e:t.scahere that, tine machine-tool industry of t;~e 'US
requires t, ro-tsnths of 1 percent of the st--el output r, 2.5 percent of the rso tors
and electric controls (I. horsepower and over), and 2 percent of the antifr?it t1on
bearings.
The input requirements above axe not lava with respect to their over^-all
aarailabil.ity in the USSR. The only. input item idaich is imported by :hs :sviet.3
is rubber. For ma-,hine-toel use, however, syntactic rubber is Fsati.s'r:,ot p ,.
Me labor input for the maintenance of the eutneent level of output, is believed
to be high. The plant-by-plant total of Soviet m, spower employed in insta11atiosas
proeuci.ng :machine tools Is estima.i.id at 101,000 w orkom. T.o US;, hoi*-eve r,
employed only about 60,oo0 workers to produce the s. e number of unit. " i ie
plants in the USSR are k ao*+rra to engage in such rnioce'? laneous procduc tLo , as
agricultural spare parts to an ext#.'nt not, under?taken ire the US,, a 1oix-r o1+),t,pui,
per worker is indicated and is run index of -the Sow et machine-tool ndiu -l"Y'YaE3
relativo efficiency,
IV. Av ilab1.l..tties,;
1, ?roduc .on ,
In 190 it is estimated, a& the result of a plant-by 'p1r.,,1'3t survey*,,
that the rnachine-tool in, tGfl ttions in the USSR. produced 67,236 unx.-tvs (p.--vas or
rminus 10 percent),, Of these tnnits~, .fror- 2sOO0 to 5ti00O are estimated ..s being
special-purpose machine -tools and the b 2aree.c genera1-purpose,. The 1950 Plan
called fpr 61,700 gene .-purpa?e worts urea 12,.31X`1 special- anc! rwr_ tiaue alr e
units, o :at41. of 7 ;,000 rara;.tsc. The USSR therefore has substant ally
ppen ac F sT?orrs e method used to ecs:*,xpute Soviet production of machino tools,
Appendix B lit om the machine tao1 plants in the USSR It-b estimated production
of each as of January 1.951
IE-T
1950
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fulfilled the 19,riO production goal for general-purpose units but has .failed
to attain the goal for special-purpose tax its. For the postwar period, Soviet
production of machine tools, based on a projection., is estimated as follows t
Estimated Soviet Producti cu of Machine Tools
Postwar Rsriod
Units F~l C
acil 12
ear
Geners:L =p?so
ccialw tar tree
otal.
1946
303000
0
30,000
19247
40,000
500
40,500
1948
50,400
1,000
51,,000
1949
55,000
2,000
5?3Q00
1950
61j700
3,000
4, 700
Both the projection and the plant-by-plant estimates are in relatively
close agreements This rate of production compares favorably with the US and
the UK, each of thich currently prod=s at the rate of from 64,,000 to 70,,000
Machine tools a year.
Approximately 80 percent of current Soviet machine-tool production is
carried on in plants under the Kinistry of Machine Tool Built .ngo Tam production
of machine tools before World T+ 3r 11 was largely under the Commissariat for
Heavy Machine Building, responsible for 60 percent of prrodttotion> Thus there is
an increasing trend totrard the central-7 9atton of production tntder the 1 inistry
of Machine Tool Building. As for geographical concei tration,, an estimated 50
to 60 percent of current production tatters place in the Central Industrial Region.
No plan of machine-tool production by categories has been published by
the USSR, The pattern of US production in 1915, ho-, ry is as fo1lowrsc
US Machi;rxe Tool Production
1945
Category
"
-
"
Percent of Total Rroduction
IoM M
I
.\Y~~Ytlw.w ~- !+~ IMF-. M
Agriculture-1 1 achinery
3.9
Pi zing mid Oil & 11 Constructs on
2.3
Neta,`Lworta.ng Machinery
6.4
S
ecial Industry Machinery
6.1
p
General Industkial Equipment
5.1
Office and Store r-iachinery
2.1
Domestic and Service i+,quiplent
Electrical Equipment
3.1
9
. 7
Miscellaneous
Machine Parts and Jobbing
``
--
Shipbuilding and Ordnance
124.6
Motor Vehicles and Parts Machinery
Aircraft` and Aircraft Parts Machinery
Railroad Equipment
8.0
Fabricated fetal products
25.7
Precision Mechanisms
5.3
1
b 7 .
r wr w .r. w .w
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Although requiring adjustment in order to apply to the US SR ,. th its
emphasis on munitions, the above breakdown of US production is at present the
best available yardstick with which to judge the Soviet pattern of production by
category,
2. Stockpiles.
The Soviet machine-tool industry lack the potential capacity to e2tpand
rapidly in an emergency. In contrast, the US., now producing at the rate of from
60,000 to 70,000 'snits per year, under the pressure of war was able in 1942 to
produce 3073000 machine tools. With this as a standard of comparison, the Soviet
stockpiles of machine tools for war reserve would need to be large. No Satis-
factory estimates, however, are available as to the riinnber required.
3. Substitutes.
?,wile there often is discretion a, to Mitch particular type of unit to
use in machine operation;, there is no substitute ?or the machine tool, Work
performsd by single-purpose machines may be accomplished or. general-purpose
machine tools, but it can be done only id th lowered efficiency.
V, Soviet Machine Tool Park.
1, Inve .
Alth.oug i large amounts of machine tools obtained through reparations were
significant in the postwar recovery of Sa iet industry., they were received in such
quantities that they could not be absorbed. Also, as part of the Soviet inventory,
the fu32 effectiveness of this ogipment riust be cpzalifled, since much of the
dismantled equipment was used egtiipment and Consequently in various stages of
disrepair. Rough handling in transit and improper storage precautions against.
weather exacted a heavy toll, some of the special units iire not readily
adaptable for operations at the plants to which they were sent, and improper
distribution led to shipments of equipment to areas where it was.not needed, An
estimated 55,,OOO 'units were received by the USSR through rend Lease from
November 191:0 to December 1944. %ii figure was equalled by Soviet production
during the same period and enabled total losses of inventory to be held at only
43,600 units. Thus Land Lease equipr;tent3 together %i.th dismantled machine tools,
formed the nucleus of industrial rehabilitation,
The Soviet mach_1ne-took. park currently is showing signs of becoming. an
increasing source of difficulty. Ii*proper use, improper lubrica ton and
maintenance, lower 'technical abili tz es of the average machine operator, pressures
of Statchanov?ttsm., and inadequate supplies of suitable replacement parts for
the large percentage of foreign machinery in operation (oath ated at over 5
percent of total inventory) have accelerated depreciation. Because of these
factors and because the Soviets operate their equipment longer and in a more
depreciated state than does the US.,, the replacerza^nt of the existing machine-tool
inventory zztil cons me- an ever-increasing share of new production.
Estimates of the USSR's current inventory of machine tools run f.ron a
low of about dop,oOO units to the 1,300,,000 estimate made by Vo anesensky. The
figure of about 1 million units is bell evcd to be approximately correct, In
co tparicon, in 19ha9 the US had an estamatsd inventory of 1,760,000 machine tools.
2_e 3?1 cemen t Pa,rt;$o
obtaining mach ine-tool replacement parts has been. a problem in the USSR
for a long three The production of replacement parts for those machine tools
produced in the USSR has not proceeded smoothly in the postw z' period, and the
extensive effort to standardize equipment has had questionable success.
-8-
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
A further diff.F culty in the problem of replacement parts is that more
than one-half of the present Soviet machine-tool park is estimated as being
of foreign manufacture. These tools were acquired through imports, lend Tease,
and reparati.ons0
Although from the 1930's through the Land lease period the Soviet
.often insisted that complete stocks of replacement parts be provided with each
foreign machine -tool, the major portion of the large number of tools acquired
throe h reparatlon.s did not include replacement parts.
The problem of keeping in operat;Lon the existing machine tool in the
USSR is -therefore most difficult, particularly stocking parts for the thousands
of different foreign makes. Some of he repro sente-t-6 vo `:? es of replacerient
parts required by the Soviets for machine tool of forei make 'e as follows:
a, Bearings: ball, roller, needle, plain., special oil.
b. Gears: spur, helical., herringbone (either as single gears or as
gear clusters).
c. Shafts: hardened and ground, spsci al alloy steels, case-hardened,
slotted or splsned?
d, Lovers and handles,
e, lead screws.
f. Spindles and centers.
Replaceable bedways: hardened and ground.
h. Clutches and brakes,
i.. Pall.eys and V -belts.
J. Special motors and controls.
k. Special screws, bolts, and bushings.
tahile some of these items can be produced by the Soviets, the others
are so specialized that it is necessary to order then' di. ecstly from the foreign
manufacturer or to earanabili.ze from similar makes In the VSSIC.
The problem of spare parts in the USS_it is expected to become increasingly
acute aid m%r :,7e?mlt in, considerable contraction of the total inventory of
machine tools,
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
1 E1!!OD USED TO C02;ptTT SOVIET FfROIDUCTTON OF :u1C II 7001S
The mstiiod used to arrive at an over-all estimate of Soviet productions
was px .map?s.ly to study each rnachino-tool installation. Several excellent
reports on the more important plants ware available, and prisoner-of-w ?
interrogations were invaluable. These interrogation reports proved more
useful for a study of the machine-tool industry than for other fields of
equipment, for each prisoner of war seemed to possess some background
knowledge of the industry. In &rrivi.n; at production estimates for the
individual plants, Plan goal f 1f i llment figures were instrunental in
deter fining the level of performance. In sow cases, Soviet press data
enabled a production : igure to be arrived at uhiah could be compared directly
with town production data. F gwrnt .y, no production information from
prisoners of -war r available, and the estimate of a particular plant's
output became highly subjective. In order to arrive at an estimate in such
instances of a particular plant., the uunzber of workers, the percentage of Plan
figures, the physical condition of the plant, supply conditions, and especially
the type of unit in production were used to relate the plant to another plant
whose production might be kno-n. In daterrning the is of units being
produced,, translations of Soviet periodicals and catalogs wore the principal
sources of information.
The totals production figure was exand.ned in the light of its historical
probability, about *:ich substantial information is available. The production
figure also was examined with reference to Man goals. The over-all Plan
ful f 1 t Agure was reasonably consistent.
S-E,-C-R- R-T
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
sECRZ-T
MACHINE TOOL PLANTS IPI THE USSR gi
JANUARY X62:
F'lezat and Location
as of _ftchine Tools Produced
Fstruagted Plant Production
Acrthreet Radon
I,
Automatic Machine.Tool Plant*
Automatic shaping and longitudinal
1939
950 units
Leningrad
turning lathe, Model 1104
1947
350 units
Automatic shaping and cutting-off
1948
500 units
Ia153
lathe, Model 1106
1950
800 to 4200 units
B;5FSR
Automatic shaping and longitudinal
turning lathe, Model UO
Automatic lathe, Model 112
Automatic lathe, Model 1117
Wire rasing machines
Longbed automatic LA-1 lathes,
capacity 25 to 36 mm, in diameter
Other special machines for motor
vehicle and radio industry
Automatic grinding machines planned
Founded shortly before World War II;
machinery and personnel evacuated during
the war but, returned thereafter; plant
only slightly damaged; resumed prewar
production in 1946; 1,600 employees in
v 1949; criticized for inefficiency
during early 1949; electromechanical
grinder used in 1949; breakdown of 1918
assignments led to a surplus of Darts
and finally to a financial crisis; 1950
production planned 6 times greater than
in 1946; P, ihizhnyak was Director in
Dec 1949; 15 nays-tyt a automatic machine
tools in 19508
Plants of the Ministry of s"achino Tool Building are indicated by one asterisk; probable plants, by two asterisks.
AFC refers to US Air Force l p which divides the USSR into economic regions and subdivisions,
Tonnages are in metric tone,
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S-E-C -R-E -T
ation
nd
to
t
l
Types of Machine Tools Proticed.
Estimated Plant Production
i
e
a
an
P
Northwest Region
2.
Kirov Metallurgical and
Machinery Plant*
Leningrad
Combination lathes b/
Drill presses b/
"Aggregate" lathes b/ c/
1950
500 units
AFC 1-153
RSF,9R
3o
MacUne Tool Foundry
"Lenstankolit"
Castings only for achine tools
19146
1917
1,200 tons
1,300 tons
(formerly "Tsentrolit")
1918
4,800 tons
Leningrad
APB;: in153
RSFSR
1950
x,5,00 tons
(Approximately 5 lathe
bed castings a day)
Not pri.rily a machine-tool plant;
principal production is tanks, other
armam~ei Ls, and tractors;. also
produces tube toilers and foundry
molds.
Quality of castings not good- high
percentage of rejects in 1919;
A. V. Evdokimov Baas Chief Engineer
in 1949; supplies castings mainly
to machine'-tool building plants;
being equipped with new f oundrg
machinery in 1919; 1,000 employees
in 190,
b. Probably produced.
CO "Aggregate" is a Soviet term used somewhat ambiguously, and its leaning is not exactly clear. There are at least three possible dcfinitions%
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Pr,ud.,~.oc,atian
os of Gckaziaa Tocla Produced
Est
ant I
n
~orstiara
4.
Sverdlov Machine Tool Plant*
Horizontal boring machines, Models
1939
700 waits
Displayed boring machine
Model 262G
at
Leningrad
262D, 2631, 2620
1947
180 taniti
,
,
Bucharest, R .ania, in ilov 194,S; boring
File milling machine, Model
194.8
"CO unite
c'alnee for boring cylinders of ?toam
AFC; 1-153
W U
1950
550 to 650 units
enginos (Nov 1949); a ails d to meet 1949
RSFSlt
Serniautorratie millers, 22 models
Horizontal boring mlii, 'bdo1
252G
I.an; plant .re?., 250 x 300 r!oters; ,4cdel
0441A produce;'. in 1947 is it t, ued for
prWaction o1' net enggirw blade.i and other
Horizontal boring mill, Model
2520
dupl'-; at - illiac from a _ atU r .(by
Apra 1949, 40 had been produced); cast-
Horizontal boriaag mil1~ Model
2521
inge are supol:ied from ? cn t ~cli u
Works"; plant began in 19319 head
damage! tae war; r built, and
be d enlarged in 1949; prewar out
planned to be reached it i95-; Moo
?mployeez in Dec- 1940; exceeds prosent
m:tal-cuttir speedo; Kovalchuk was direc-
or iri 19490
50. Il.yich Machine Tool .Plant*
Universal grinder, B. Type 3t64
1939
400 to 600 units
Speeded tap production in 1949; bu:LTds
Leningrad
Groove grinder, semiautomatic
F
1947
340 units
gri i ag rrti chimown for bcari.ng visos;
machines Models I
-'1 (643),
1948
100 unite
;,uuahimotz is Direc'cvr; -,,blamed to
AFC4
1-153
PSFSF
B-a (64.9S
Broach grinding machine, model.
1950
500 to 600 unite
build optical tarofio grindero in 1950;
fi~rat cemieutomatic machine tools for
360
C'? rcul.ar saw zharpening machi ,
."Sodel 3692
sttparfiza.;shitrg bail bearings Mere made
in 19501 600 wtar'kars in 2 shifts iu
1949; pl ?aod to transfir the production
of universal gri machines to
another plant and to concent to on
sperm muchinGa.
da Composed of 290 universal traits and 50 semiautomatic units,
ea These twits are speci& 30miautonatic.
1-3 m
S~E;-C-Ii-gmT
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
~'?1baC~RQR?T
Pl.9nt and 1,aticn
TZpea ofchine Tools EMduc
West Re
6,
IIchino Tool Plant
fKirovu
Goal
.'C: II-i68
White Russian SSR
Shapers, maiflly Models 7A36 and
.Planers
Slotting machines
737
7o
Machine Tool Plant
0Proletariy"
Gotte1
ARCS I1-168
White Russian SSR
Centerless grinders
8o
Machine Tool Plant
"?1oroshi.lovt4*
Minsk
Planar, Model 7231L
Radial drills
AMC: iIc168
White Russian SSR
9. Machine Tool Plant
O Kirov"
Minsk
AFC: II=1,68
white Russian SSR
Cutting-off machine, Model 866
Lathes
Drill presses
Milling machines
Saes
5-ton millers
Horizontal broaching machines,
l'odols 7410f, 7520, 75302
Gun-'r.ffin, machines
Vertical broaching machine,
Model 7705
E2tUw&2_d .ant Production
1948
1949
1950
Remarke
320 units Badly dammed during the war; rebuilt and
480 units in operation in 1946; reached Saar
660 units production in 1948; employs from 300 to
(Plan) 540 woftwo; one scams states 1950 :
target as 1,000 shapers; believed to be'
high; also produces hand tools.
In production in 1949.
1939 480 units .1,000 employees; damaged during the war;
1950 500 units restored in 1947; high-speed hydraulic
and electric-drive planeiu (1949).
1939 900 units Damaged during the war and restored in
1950 800 to 1?000 units in 1947; has own foundry; 1949 planned
production of 1 times 1948 could not
be met; employed POW?a; operates three
8-hour shifts, 7 days a week; made
armor plate in 1949; only one type of
lathe in production in 1949; also pro-
duces armor plate for tanks.
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
ft hine oo Pndv c c
of
;a
tsad Pkerr rad~a #1an
R
k
~,
-
emar
s
? Oa
Cri di g *china Works
Mog i?v
1950
.100 =its
Recommenced production in 1948,
AFC: 11-167
its RUSSial SOR
11~
chine Tool Plant
Drill presses
1939
000 unite
3
t)mnged during U w war; fully matored
Kirov x*
Vitebsk
Cainderwt
1s Face grinding machine.,
i95O
,
2,9000 un;.ta
in Sun 1948; 2,500 work-era in 1948.
AM 11-16e
Whits Russian R
12 ch o 'loo Plant
"KoffiinternO*
Vitebsk
A 'Cfi 11?'167
hits Russian S'SR
2. Rough grinding machine,
i+ dol 3334
3, ; w co grinding machine,
'lcd . $K-3i.
it"se^
Milling rulachlnes
Thread rollers
F t:k f 2,:-Ina grinder, ;due". 319
AO'l ivii- .ig lathes
Radial d .UlgF Models 2B53,. 355,
24 592
3e110h d illingr dii21Oy L!odei
S 11 2.
Vtrtic.01 drilling machines,, Models
2 : L , 2.2i, 2135
1950
1.50 units 194 target ranched in Oct i948~
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
SECRET
Plat and T,ocgtion Types of Achim Toals Produ Etis aced Plan ction
130 Machine Tool Works Bench drills
Q7"hs-Igirisf *
Vilnt
AC; 11-
16-3-Lithuanian SSR
1950 400 units 1949 Ilan called for production of some
700 machine tools (200 units over 1948
Plan); horizontal milling machines
planned for 1949; 1949 Plan also called
for production of 2,000 electric motor
frames; also produces tank bogie wheels.
, -th R!!gio
14..
Machine Mann
Blotters
1949
2
250 units
"3aganovich"
Dnepropetrovsk
Vertical drills
1950
,
2, 500 units
AFC; IiIQ23I+
Ukrainian SSR
v16-
500 workers in 3 shifts; also produces
electric saws, 10' to 12-ton hammers,
and parts for tractors,
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S- QG-R-E -T
nt erdd Location
Pl
s of Uchine Tools Produced
Kstimsted Piant,_Pr~duction
Remark
a
South Rgff
15,
Kharkov Cylindrical Grinding
Cylindrical grinding machines, Models
1937
1,750 units (Plan)
Constructed during first Five Year Plan;
Machine Plant
3151, 3161, 3164
1938
1,129 waits
damaged during the war; repaired in
"Molotov"*
Grinding machine for regrinding crank-
1939
1, 500 units (Plan)
191A; d? polishing machines for large
Kharkov
shaft journals, Model 3420
1939
1,300 units
bearings in 1947,
Grinding machine for grinding crank-
1950
1,000 units
AFC; III?234
Ukrainian S SR
16. Machinery Plant
"Gidroprivcd"
Kharkov
AFC: II1-234
Ukrainian SSR
17. Electric Tool Plant
"Electroinetrument"**
Kharkov
AFC: 11I=234
Ukrainian SSR
pins, Model 3421
Machine for regrinding crankshafts,
Model 3423
Machine for regrinding camshaft cams,
Model 3430
Machine for regrinding camshaft cams,
:yodel 3433
Machine for grinding large ball-bear-
ing races, Model 34
Rotary typo grindora Model 34-98A
Radial dri?lc
Polishing machines
fiydravlic drives for machine tools
Supplied 4,000 hydraulic apoaratus to
Moscow plants in 19470
Electric drills
Electric hammer, del I^33
Tube-cutting machines
F filied Five year Plan for gross pro.
duction in,1949,-.
0 17
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02: CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
ScE,C-R-E-T
Pant and Lo tioonn .
TBn s of Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production,, -Remarks
South fteion
18o
Machine Tool Plant
"Gorki"**
Automatic lathe, Model 12611;
Automatic lathe, Modell 1261P
1939 450 units
1942 900 units (.Plan)
Damaged during the war; repaired and in
production in 1946; reported in 1946
Kiev
Turret lathe, Model 1336M
1950 1,000 units
that production would be double prewar
AFC: III-233
by 1950.
Ukrainian SSR
19o
Machine Tool Plant
Screw-cutting lathe, Model 1617
1939 500 to
600 units
Constructed prior to 1918; enlarged later;
eKommunar"*
Turret lathes
1942
1,000 units
badly damaged during the war; restored is
Lubay
lathes
(.fan)
1946; 600 workers in 1946.
Rough grinding machine, Model 3327
1946 150 to
250 units
AFC: III?233
Ukrainian SSR
Rough grinding machine (spindle),
Modol 3A332
1947
400 units
(Plan)
Suspended-type rough grinder,
Model 3374K
Rough grinder with flexible shaft,
Model 3382
Tool-grinding machine, Model 3628
Rough grinders, Models 3M634,
1950 500 to
600 unite
3M636
Milling heads semiautomatic for
grinning, Model 3667
Belt polishing grinder, Model 3890
20. Kramatorsk Heavy Machine
Tool Plant*
Kramatorek
Ingot-cutting machine; Model 1865
Wheel-turning lathe, Model 1936
Roll turning lathe, Model 1945
Roil-turning lathe, Model IA947
Brill Oressea
1950 500 units Reported 8,000 workers in 3 shifts in
1949; construction work finished in
1949; also produces electric motors
and small tools.
AFC: III-234
Ukrainian SSR
18
-k,6CpP~~=t
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 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Plant dT cation
Ts of Machine Top le PrrrN"d
Estimated Plant Production
Sao Rst#ion
21.
hachine Tool Plant
"Stalin"**
19,48
150 units
(Plan)
Rovograd=Volynsk
1950
200 units
AFC; 1I1-233
Ukrainian SSR
22,,
Machine Tool Plant
Raiiia1 drily, 3 -in- cap, Type 253
1939
250 units
"16th Party Congrsoee*
Multispindle (22 spindles) drilling
1948
800 to 1,000 units
Odessa
AFCz IIIQ250
Ukrainian SSR
,chines
Diamond-drilling machines
1950
1,500 units
23,
F chute Tool Building Plant
"ls nimff *
Odessa
AFCt IIIa250
Ukrainian SSR
Screw=cutting lathe, Model 162
Combination lathe; Biel 5195
Vertical diamond-boring caching,
Model .2697
Single'apirtdle vertical honing
machine. Model 333
Single-spind?e vortical machine,
Model 3AS33
1939
1,.?56 units
24o
Milling Machine Plant
"Kirov"
Odessa
Universal milling machines,
Models 678M? 679
Drill presses
Pantograph engraving machines,
1950
AFC; IIl-250
Ukrainian SSR
Models 6461, 6463
-fi-C?R-9T
Also produces industrial trucks and
hoisting equipment.
Constructed before 1918; enlarged and .
improved later; Sulesb rg is Director;
about to mass-produce machine tools
in Dec 1946; employed 1,000 workers
jr, 191?9; equi*toment from Dorn walde,
Germany; also produces forging presses.
Possibly same plant as above,
Has four workshops; universal miller
has two spindles, one horizontal and
one vertical; production of the urni-
vernal trilling machine was planned for
3 units a month in 1949; also produces
agricultural machinery parts,
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 Approved For Release 1999/09102 , CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
P7
ntt
d L
ti
044 &2ft2Ad
Types o fac T
Fsti.w"I4 Plant Firo~lp~~
aG
nn
,*
an
-
254
.4-rhino Bui:diug Plan*,
*Ku biahyeve"
Lathes
1945 50 to
60 units per
month
.'&' skurov
1950
800 units
AO II1-233
Ukrain1t SSJt
26,,
'123rd of October" Plant'
'litopol
AFC: II-2h9
Ukrainian SSR
Auto
tte thread-cutting machilaaz.
1950
200 unite
27.
Machine Tool ?lent
Lathes
1946
225 units
Kishinev
1950
300 unite
A-RC: 111-250
Moldavian SS
baths
2&
"Kraacyf fallist:'
ci i ery Plant
Stavropol (foil rly
Lathes
Drill presses
Band save
1950
300 units
Voroshilovsk)
JFOa TV-24.9
S-gWC-R-
l rka
Partly destroyed by Germans; reconstructed
and in production in 1945-o
,
'50c
lied 16~0t amoyees, 3 shifts 1pa 1941;
large producer of munitions In 1941;
z o=dry cast 1. 00a 000 tons in 1940; a'~o
plent information since 1942; la.tkles,
presses, and 6e.vs produced may not be
machine foals; there is a possibility
they might be :ooddorking te019; also
repairs rotor vehicles sad t' ,tors
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
SSE-C-R-E-T
es f Ahh e Toole i'roduced
sti
t
d K
t P
.,~,
rea
e
an
ro 3stio~
oatheast Rem
299
?ohine Tool Plant
Universal turret lathe, Model 152
1939
540 units
"Sedin"*
Vertical boring mills, Models 152,
1948
400 units
Krasnodar
153, 1A55, 1A56, 1A57
1950
600 units
30.
AFC: IV"249
RSFSR
Machine Tool Building Plant
Turret lathe, Model 1318
1950
400 units
31.
Novocher&essk*
AFC: IV-249
RSFSR
Lathe Works
Lathes
1950
400 units
32.
"Frunze?
Aaikop
AFC; IV=249
RS'SR
Machine Tool Plant
Type unknown
"Vperod"*
Taganrog
N0Ao
AFCz IV-249
RSFSA
S?44'1-C?R ?t
_Rerw. rks
Employed about 1,000 in 1949; seriously
damaged during the war; back in nroduc-
tion in 1944; construction still in
progress In 1919; handicap!ed other
plants by not meeting 1943 Plan
No plant information since 191.4; mentioned
in 1949 catalog as producing lathoso
Built rafter 1918; damaged during the war;
again in operation; has an apprentice
school; fulfilled first half of 1950
Pan; lathes may be for woodworking;
also produces instraments and clay mixers.
Press mentioned that plant fulfilled 1947
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
33.
PI Wt gad 0110
S-E-C-R-E=T
des of 1.chine Tools Produced
Rstinated Plant Pr cti
& rtss
T n aces Region
Casting and Mchanical Works
Lathes (T-4A)
1947 2,800 tons
Started in 1949 to make Model T-4A uni-
"Taentro .itn*
M chine-tool castings
1948 (6 months) 1,600 tons
versal lathe;- probably destroyed dur-
Tbilisi
Dolt-cutting machines
h
B
e
1950 3,500 tons
ing the war and rebuilt in 3.947; cast-
th
l
in
s
oring nGc
e
ies
ings of good quality; supp
AFC.- V-325
Chucks
"Kirov" and nStanok" plants in Tbilisi;
Georgian SSR
employs 640 workers, including 140
POWs in two 8-hour shifts in 19494
34. Machine Tool Plant
"Kirovn*
Tbilisi
AFC: V'325
Georgian SSR
Scro-g-cutting lathe, Model iD63i 1939
Centerlesa roughing machine, 1942
Nodal 175 1946
Sphero-turning lat!ae, Model TT-4
screw-cutting lathe (T-CHA) 1946
File=cutting machines 1947
Threading machine, Model 507V 1948
Vertical six=spindle nut-tat ing 1950
machine, Dtodal 508
Pipe-th-oading chino, Model 911
Pipe cutting-off machines,
Wodels 91.53, 9B155
Sleeve cutting-off machines,
Models 9163, 9B165
Straightening and burnishing machine,
Model 389
650 units 1,500 employees in 19414 made gronadea
900 units during the war; exceeded YLan In 191A;
300 unitrs new workathops added; gets castings
(Plan) from "Tsentrolit," scilinid 600 employees
425 units in 1948; being further exded in
598 units 1948; reportedly will be completed ir.
725 units 1951; Dip 300 lathes now main production;
900 units only plant in USSR, producing Dip 300
lathes, according to press in Jun 1950;
2felacze is Director.
Tonnage production given applies only to machine-tool castings, it is not known how many units of all types more produced by the plant.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Plant pad Looet:on
TMs of Machine Tools Producsd
kstia tedPlant Productiota
mg-Agua -Reg Ion
35.
Ma.chino Tool .Plant
rrSt~;nok~
Threading machine, Model 51-07
Universal thread-ro1.iing uemi-
1949
20 units (Plan
for 6 mos.)
Tbilisi
automatic machine, Model 5933
1947
132 units
Belt-threading machine, Model 9101B
1948
125 units (Jan-Oct)
AFC: V-325
Georgian SSR
1950
250 unite
36.
?.chino Tool Plant
Lathes
1946
1182. vnitc
Dzorzhinskiy"*
Screw machines
1947
324 units
Yerevan
AP-C: V?125
Armenian SSR
ono. Rion
1950
500 units
37.
Machine Tool .Plant
Short- end long-threed mill
1939
800 units
f a binoetroy-ank&u
Kuibyshev
iaohinoa
Lathes
1940
2,150 units
(Plan)
AIM VI-165
Bolt-cutting and combination
roach Lees
1941
2, 450 units
(.Plan)
HSF.SR
Planers (shaperz)
1950
1,000 units
23
USE?il ~tL?~?L
@f c. M -- ?a cs
Constructed during the war; exceeded
Plan for first 9 months of 1948; 170
oaeloyeea in 1948; I3okeriya is Direc-
tor, and Kabobadze is Chief Engineer;
may eased plant and equipment in 19500
Plant ote tad in Jul 1946; exceeded Plan
for 1947; labor productivity down in
Jun 191+9; has orrn foundry; during the
war produe d treaach nortara; developed
its first screw-eutti lathe in
Dec 1949 and is tooling up for mass
production; repodly equipped with
first''dace precision machine tools.
3,600 ompiQy'ees in 1937; converted to
r:i itione Production in 1941 and made
machina'g wr. nchea, 300 a shift;
castings faulty, 40 percent r2. joota ,r2.
1949; made machine-gun ohields in 1949;
2,500 workers in 1948; pl.v:ner8 pro-
duced at the rate of 26 a month in
194.8.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
a of Machine Tools Produced
?ti~as.ted Plant Production
4atea Reaion
38.
Middle Volga Machine Tool
:lane
Screw cutting lathe, Model 1615M
Screw-cutting lathe, Yodel 1616
1950
700 to 1,000 units
.
'~Sr~aua?vol~3aekiy"~
Thread-milling machines, Models 561,
Kuibyshev
515862
S
line-millin
machines
p
g
,
AC. VI-165,55
RSFSR
Freels 5617, 5618
39,
Machine Building Plant
Planer (shaper), .Model S.PSGC1
1950
650 units
No. 525
Kuibyahev-3ozymyamka
AFO: VI-165
RSFSR
Villing machines
40.
Gear Machine Plant
DL Lenia 108**
Gar-nutting machines
Drill Dresses
1942
800 to
900 traits
(Plan)
Saratov
1942
150 units
1950
800 twits
AFC: VI-165
KS.SR
S=&-C-R?b-T
~a r w w wr a
Homarks
Produced 255 lathes over 1947 target;
also produces tractor parts.
From 300.to 600 workers; alto makes
aircraft machine gvus'and dairy
separators.
29000 employees in 1941; under construc-
tion in 1939; concentrating on gear-
cutting machines in 1946; for the first
half of 194A, output 11 times higher
than in sinil.iar period in 1947; output
tripled began 1945 and end of 1949;
in Sep 1949, construction in progress.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
B=F-C R-B-T
EMS of bine To s Pr cd Esti ated Plat ucticn Remarks
yolg ion
410
42
43.
Machine Tool .Pleat
No. 311*
Astrakhan Street
Saratov
AFC: 7I-235
RSFSR
Machine Tool Fi=t
folodarzkiy" No. 3
Ulyanovsk
AFC: 9I-165
RSFSR
machine Tool Fi-art
Namyshin
AFC: VI-235
RSFSR
Shapers
Lathes
Drill presaea
Milling machines
Gri.-iciing ;wchines
Watch"spring grinders
Internal grinding machines,
e ode1a 3A240, 3A251 g/
Turret lathes
Grinding machines
Gages
Bxoaciiiug machin e
Die s1otter
19-47
1949
1950
1950
1950
480 units
1j,000 units
1,500 units
200 units
200 units
400 employees in two 8-hour shifts in
1946; in 19,47, 535 employees, including
35 POW's in 2 shifts, 6 days a week;
1,000 workers in 1949 in 2 shifts; has
foundry, machine shop, and assembly shop;
50 percent of castings defective; made
37-mm, antitank gun shells during the
war; equipped with German machinery,
Made munitions before and during the war;
reportedly assembling Di-Ol lathes in
19461 capacity, 200 lathes a yearn
Under construction in 19421 no further
information,
g?
It has not been poseible to check whether these machines were produced at this plant or at the other plant at Saratov, listed above.
25 -
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S-SC-R-B-T
r w w s w w
en viral t~$tr al Region
446
Machine Tool Plant
Dmitrov*
AFC: VII-154
45. Milling -chine Wort
floe 113
(Gz"S )*
Gc,e i
AFC: VII-154
rzrSR
s of machine-Tools Prod ed
Etanerr,
milling machines:
1. Horizontal, Modol 68ON
2, Vertical, Model 61CC
3. Key',+ray, Model 692A
Slab --mill 1 shine., F?odela 6G559
6G65, 6643, A666
Console milling machines, Models 6820
(682), 683, 615, 6812, 6B82, 682,
61412, 6N13
Cop slab miller, Model PKF 12
Thread millers (without console)
Wheal lathes (in 1937)
Whoo1 lathes U a 1939)
Drum'tyrov milling machino, Model 6022
Vertical milling machine, yodel 6P12
Two-spindle circular milling machine,
Model 621
Too-spindle circular milling ruaahino,
Model 623
Planomi ling iachino for machining-
tvCb iiag,, Mod:, 6AS5
High-speed vortical milling machine,
Model 6A 54
psirg1e-spindle planomilling machine,
Model A662V
Two-spindle plena milling machine,
Modal A662
Three-spindle planomilling mxahine,
Model A663G
.Four-;Spindl' planonilling iir-s,
Modus id/A
Univerael and horizontal milling
machine; Model 6A82C
Approved For Release 21999/09/02
Entted Fl nt Productive _ Remarlea
1950
1,500 units
1939
3,250 units
1940
4,4.00 units
1948
5,600 units
1950
7,9000 units
Had 6,000 employees in 3 shifts in 1941;
plant housed in temporary buildings.
built about 2935 and still in use in
1948; A U iiled 1949 Plan by 32 Oct 1949.
Constructed between 1934 and 19,48 and still
being expanded; had 6,000 employees in 3
shifts in 1948; plamned capacity 8y000
units a year; casts from 30,000 to 509000
tons of steel a year; did not meet Plans
for 1947 and 1948; rejects very high in
1949; has own f o ;ryz tuned out task
parts during the war for Tank Works Noe 112
at Gorki..
: CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S~k-C ~-~?T
I
shine Toole Produced
Fgtit
ed Plant Pmdnation
?.,
Iw
-
-
Ce~tra1 Ad trial Region
h.0
Textile L%chinery :P1ant
Ivanovo
A'C: VII-154
1947
1950
100 units
200 units
47.
Machine Tool Plant
Lathes
1942
1,400 units
"Lepse"
Kirov
AFC: VII 155
RSFSR
Drill presses
1950
1,500 unite
48.
! chine Tool Plant
Lathes
1943
700 units
"Autopribor" or OSPO
Vladimir
AFGt VII-154
RSFSR
Planers
Grinding machines
Milling machines
1950
400 units
490
Instrument Plant of the
Glevchasprom
Machine tools and instruments
for watch industry
Moscow
AFC: VII-167
RSFSR
S-E-C-R-E-T
.Principal. production textile machinery;
under Ministry of 1Ychine and Instrn'
went BuildiAg., Main Administration for
Textile and Light Industry Machinery;
employs 2,300 workers, including 300
POW's; has dismantled German equipment,
No information later than 1943; plant name,
"Auto Instruaonta," indicates that it may
now make parts for Gorki Auto Plant.
Under Ministry of Machine and Instrument
Building, Main Administration for the
Watch Industry"
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Cs tral Indust ' Re ion
50a Pioscow Appliances Factory
"'risposobleniff*
MoscoTl
AFCi VII-167
RSFSR
5l,
52.
s of Echine Tolls Pratl~:eed
t F
d
t
ro
uc
, ~g,~
teumztjc chucks, Models TS-240
)
(
1949
50,000 to 60,000 units, Small plant; made machine guns duri
3-jaw
, Ts9325 (3-jaw), TS-380
)
(4-
ng ear;
valued at ?.7 million failed to meet 1946 Pmt
i
600 cork
jaw
n
.
rs
rubles 2 shifts; I. Khodorov is Director .e re..
1.946
units to the value of placed Radohanko in 1947; castings cam,,
3.9 million rubles from Moscow "Stankolit" plant; supplies
1948
unity to, the value of major machine-tool producers;.under Hain
5.8 million rubles Administration for Supporting Industries
for Machine Tool Building, Ministry of
1chine Tool Building.
Wchiue Tool Factory
Internal griudera
"Stankokonstruktsiya"*
Involute milling machines
Mosaou
Drilling equipment
Hydraulic broaching machines
AFC:
VIIe167
Transfer machine lines
RSFS,
Sta
olit Forks*
china tool casti
Moscow
ngs
AFC; VII 167
RSFSR
?280
S-E= C_R_E x
Plant is eoxperimental factory of the
Exp rimental Scientific Research Institute
for Fetal-cutting Machine Toola (&RI,U);
machines for production of pistons for
t.otor cars; handicapped other plants by
not fulfilling-1948-plan for special
machines.
1947
10,000 units
Supplies 9o3cow machine-tool factories
1950
12x500 units
with castings; completed its 1934;
A6.. Ryabtsev is Doctor; about 3,000
corkers in 1949.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
2LAWA2 Tools ` 0 1 ed,
$
~14~iit Pr j
al ftion
~
53.
Machin Tool Plant
Vertical six-apihdle semiautomatic
1940
4,000 Nita
"Krasny Proietariy"*
lathe, 2rde1 1A283
1945
5,100 units
Moscow
.CFCs VII 167
Vertical six=spindle semiautomatic
lathe, Model 128/+
Screw=cutting lathe, Model 1A62
1948
6,300
to
6,500 itmits
RSFSR
Scxvswweutting lathe, Model 1620
1950
7,000 units
iulticutter somiavtometic lathe,
Model 1720
Atilticutter semiautomatic lathe,
Model 1730
MuLtitool semiautomatic lathe for
machining camshafts, FiOdel 1891
Multito i semianto ti.c lathe for
machiming, camshafts, Model 1892
i1uultitool semiautomatic lathe for
.shining cahaft cams, Model 1893
MuItitooi semi.auto .tic lathe for
machining camshaft cans, i3odol 1895
Mu1ticutter semiautomatic latho for
roi hin railroad car axles,
Alt-,del 183
Muititool sbmiautoziatic 1?the for
iini ping railroad car axles,
Model 183
u?u1titool semiautomatic lathe for
machining railroad car axles,
Model 1830'
6erniautomatio lathe for boring center
holes in locomotive a~CLos and cut-
off operations, iodal 1831
Somiautomatic lathe for rough i chin-
iig of locomotive axles.. Model 1832
Remarks
..~. rope n.e.i w
900 machine tools produced in 1948 above
planned target; attained 1950 level of
production; 15 new types of machine tools
scheduled for 1949; conveyorized produc-
tion lines totaling 1,00 peters in length
installed in 1949; "Vic" lathe put into
serial production in 1949; during the
war bade submarine guns; leading and
oldest plant in the industry; average
monthly output reported in Sep 1948
to be threo times that of 1940 and 30
percent above-1947; produced an experi-
mental thread cutting lathe, Model 1620,
in Doe 1949, which included a copying
unit; 1949 output of screw-cutting lathes,
Model 1A.62, 10 times arm than 1949 alann;
gets castings from "Stankol it" factor sea
in Moscow and Leningrad,, bearings from
State Bearing Plants Nos. 1 and 2 in
Saratov and from No, 6 in Sverdlovsk;
failed to meet quotas in Jul, Sao, end
Nov 1949, although met the 1949 total
Plan; A.I. Vorobyav is Director; employs
6,500 workers on 3 shifts; prior to World
War I this plant was called "Bromley"
and made simple-type machine tools; 1950
Plan 20 percent over 1949.
-29-
Approved For ReI~aSe 1,9991p9/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Sm~=G~~~S
Flit a~ac~ Location
Cent Ind tx "e6 oil
~? s a @ eh ~ 1 X ~. Est tqd PIant ProductioA_
530 f,chihe Tool. Plant
"Krasny Proleteriy?'*
Moscow
(Continued)
altitool semiautomatic lathe for
finishing locomotive axles,
ode1 1833
Roll lathe for turning and rolling
wheel-pair journals, Model 1835
Universal relieving lathe, Model X96
Semiautomatic multitool lathe,
model 184
Universal lathes, Models Dip 20 (dia-
contin-nod 19/4), Dip 200, Di 300,
ID 64, ID 65 (heavy), and Dip 162M
Special multitool lathe for crank-
shafts, Modal 132
Special multitool lathe for connect-
ing rods, Model 134
Special zltitool lathe for crank-
shafts (large), Model 135
Special multitool lathe for crank-
aheaf tb,. Mcniol 136
Special heavy thread-cutting lathe
for gun b carrels up to 6 motors,
Uodal 14L
Special lathes: Model 142 for::tea barrels.
Model 91 ( 71?73) for cams, and
Modal. MT-31 for projectile hands
-3o
SSE@CmRW~ T
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093AO00100050005-8
.ant d Locaation fiypes of fikchine Too1a Produced Fst1m -Mart ,Prod cu tion R rks
Central 1lntiyatril Resion
54.
flin
ma
hi
Lathes
AFC& VII-167
FSFSR
.
g,
c
nes
Automatic and semiautomatic turret A/
lathes, Model- 123, 116, 1M36, 137
,
11 a, 1A16^2,116.2, 1B16-2, 118x, 315&,
11, 117, 1.016. 1225-6
"Aggregate" and special cai.nes,
Models 1268, A-1;31, A-625, A-822,
A-437, AI-G-21, 1 39? 14399
Four-spindle milling and centering
semiautomatic machines, Models IB144815
,Pipe-threading rachines, Models 91,43,,
91.&5
2,160 units
2000 units
3,500 units
Reported in Nov 1948 that recently pro-
ducod 15,00Oth turret lathe; made 12,000
Tyo c'136 lathes during 13 years of opera-
tion; produced 2x000 semiautomatic lathes
and about 1000 lathes (Types 123, 126,
141, and other types) during the three
Five Year Plans (Sep 1946)., Until 1945
made only turret lathes and multiple
spindle machines; in 1946 began to pro-
duce i?aggragat?" machines and then auto-
ri,tic lines; had 5,200 workRrs in 3
shifts in 1949; pledged to put out first
of new cutting machines in Jan 1950;
during first quarter of 1950 will make 2
autornatzc transfer lines of 20 machines
each, each line being 80 meter- long;
plant was started in 1928 and oroducod
first machine tool. in 1932; in 1949 vvss
one of largest mashy ctoo1 plants in
nSSP in 194,:8, output was divided as
follows: 45 to 50 percent genera'
.-
pur a o tools, 30 percent spacial tools
and 20 to 25 percent "aggregate" tools;
has a branch plant in Tula which also
supplies cacti a; "Stankolit' ins Moscow
is chioi' supplier of castings; has own
research laboratory; Volkov in Director,
i, In 1949 this plant discontinued production of turret lathes and concentrated entirel
on autom ti
d t
'
ch
y
e an
ransr
r ma
ines, Vastnik
Ia hino y niva, ADri1 1951, pp,: 1?2, Discontinuance of such production. wi11 necessarily rsduca the nibor of unite asti?~atrd for 1951950,
Approved For Releasg11&99/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093AO00100050005-8
 r
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Plant and Location
S-E-C-R-E-T
of ?Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production
Central Industrial Region
55.
Moscow Grinding Machine Plant
"MSZ" (formerly Sarrmotochka
Hob grinder drill grinder, Model 3A6tt2
Universal lapping machine, Model 3816
1939
198
$110 units
1
150 unit
Plant)*
Universal surface grinding machines,
1950
,
s
1
450 unit
Moscow
A! :VII-167
RSFSR
Models 372-Aai, 37343 SK 371, 3756
Drill grinders, Models 3652, 3659
Cylinder and cone grinding machines,
Models 315M, 315
,
s
(Plan)
Semiautomatic (Sphero) grinding
machines, Models 348hN, 3484V
Thread grinding machines
Surface grinding machines,
Models 3115, SK 371A, 373,
3795, 3772, 372B, 3756,
3772-NI71 3772-TT-195 3772-N29,
3772-N31
Semiautomatic grinders for faces of
barrel-shaped rollers, ! odels wish-26,
Msh=25
Polishing machine, Model fish=23
Tyro-spindle surface grinding semi-
automatic machines, Models 3772,
37/22E
Machine tool for grinding poring bits,
Model 367
Spline-grinding semiautomatic machine,
Model 3t?5
Semiautomatic machine for grinding
piston-ring faces, Model 3317
Universal tool grinding machine,
Model 3A6!
Special grinding machines- Model SH-7
for optical industry and Piodels SH-82
SH?i0, SH-11 for motor vehicle and
Rer.!arks
Largest producer of universal surface
grinding rachines; produces an average
of 15 types a month; cylinder and cone
grinder, Model 315, was intended for
war industry; during the war, 50
percent conversion to war production;
well=equipped; "Stankolit" in Moscow
supplies castings; V. Glukharev is
Director; 2,1100 workers in 3 shifts.
tractor industry - 32
Approved For Relea*'&'k9 /02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S-E-C-R?E-T
Types of Machine Tools Produced
Central Industrial Region
56.
Internal Grinding Machine
Grinding and polishing machines
1930
840 units
Plant (formerly Stankonorma3.
New-type boring machine (using
1939
204 units
Moscow
coordinates like Swiss SIP)i
1910
130 units
Model 2450
1945.
1,300 units
AFC; VTI-167
Polishing machine for bearings,
1948
1,200 units
RSSFSR
Model 3484x
Centerless grinning machines,
1950
1,500 units
Models 3180, 3183NT, 3181N26,
3181110
Internal grinding machines,
1?ode1s 313, 3135, 325SF, 3250,
3251, 3255
Universal grindi ng nrachi.neR,
Models 325D, 3250
Special grinding na.chine, Model S'TP-10
Universal thread grinder, Model MM-582
57.
"Terek" No. 7
Screw-cutting lathe, Model 1D65
1949
300 to 500 units
Machine Tool Plant*
Lathe, Model DP 500
1950
600 to 800 units
Kolamna
Gear-cutting machines
Gear milling machine, Model 5330
AFC: VII-167
RSFSR
Included in the wide variety of grinding
machines made here are those used for
grinding large-size, bearing rings,
centerless grinders, cylindrical and
surface grinders, and saw grinders;
V. A. Ruskin was Director in 1949;
reported as meeting 1947 Plan schedule;
new "Stankonortr!al" Plant has been set up
to rake parts for machine-tool factories;
large 30-ton grinder to be exhibited.. in
Moscow by Minister of Machine Tool
Building, along with other machine tools
produced at Kolorrna, Minsk, Kharkov, and
Vosccr-7 in 1950; production drop to 1,200
a year in 1948 reportedly caused by
concentration on more intricate and
special-type grinders; employed. 2,300
workers in 5949 in 3 shifts; not to be
confused with the Moscow Grinding Machine
Factory (MSZ) .
Employs 4,100 workers, including 1,600 POW's;
plant recently modernized and enlarged;
gear-cutter capacity 11 meters in diameter;.
exporting lathes to Rumania and Bulgaria;
factory in poor condition; operated 3 shifts
a day in 1948; made tanks and guns during
the war; lathe is a copy of machine
produced by German firm at Wohlenberg,
Hanover; new section of plant began
production in Oct 1949, when it was 95 percent
completed; also produces transformers,
Approved For Release31999/09/02: CIA-RDP79-01093A0001000500fr-''sj and welding equipment.
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Central Inch atria 1. Region
58-
Machine Tool Plant
"Kalinin"
Kineshma
AFC: vii-1514
RGFSR
590
Machine Tool Plant
"Komsomolets"
Yegoryevsk
AF'C: vii=166
RSFSR
Types of Machine Tools Produced Estimated' Plant Production Remarks
Lathes
Machine-tool parts
Gear-milling machine, Model YeZ-1
Gear shaper, Model 5114
Gear Blotters, Models 5A12, 5114,
5314
Semiautomatic hobbers, Models 532s
5326, 533
Gear shapers, Models 571, 526 h/
Gear-finishing machines, !Aodels 5715,
572 h/
Lapping machine, Model 573
Lapping machine, Model 5735
Gear-chamfering ri.chines, Models
577
550,
1950
1939
1,80 units
19140
1,295 units
1949
1,350 units
19[0
1,1400 units
Has own foundry; old factory-.not damaged
during the war; no infornation since 1948;
also produces nnchir ry for shell
production and industrial machinery such
as gulp machinery and distillation units.
Founded in 1909; has own foundry; during
the war produced shell ]tithes and tank
and aircraft tarts; evacuated to Urals
in 19141; 2,500 employees in 1917,
working in 3 shifts; originally a
technical school; became a machine-tool
factory in 1932; Kazakov is Director.
Machine for testing gears for noise,
Model 5798
606
Machine Tool Plant
r'Kuibys'hev" * *
Lathes
Poring machines
1912
1,000 units
(Plan)
Under construction in 19141; making boring
and special :achinery in 19146; scheduled
Ryazan
1950
2,000 units
to be in full operation in Jul. 191490
AFC: VII=166
RSFSR
. P4 roduced in - t
bmbination Machine Tool Plant, which is probah
y another. name
-3
Approved For Release 199/9102 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
J"r"'G ? c "1
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Plant and Location
Types of Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production
Central Industrial Region
61.
Machine Building Worka
Tula
AFC: vii-167
RSFSR
Grinders
Drill presses
Milling machines
1950
1,000 units
1948 production was up 51 percent over
1947; made munitions during war.
62Q
Machin-- Building Plant
1950
200 units
.Reported to have built 1at1es in 1946
EreL,~ iri"
Voronezh
1FC : II- 234
RSFSR
Urals Region
Machine Tool Plant
Turret lathe, Model 1325
1942
1,100 units
Alapaevsk
Turret lathe, Node1 1F36
(Plan)
Machine for lapping cutters, t4;odel 3818
:948
700 to 800 units
AFC: Vill=156
RS `SR
1950
2,000 units
(2,400 units
pl=ned)
64.
Machine Tool Plant
Lathes, including rifle-boring lathes
1944
360 units
Beloretsk
1950
500 -o-nits
AFC ; VIII-164
FSFSR
35
for an agricultural machinery plant in
Novosibirsk.
Under construction in 1942; has foundry,
forge, and machine shop; Plan ca7.is for
200 units a month; machine r from Un:1.on
Werke, Saxony, Germany; handicapped other
plants by not meeting 1948 production
because of poor organization and -planning;
employs 1$000 workers in three 8=hour
shifts, 7 days per week; plant started in
1943, and in Sep 1946 the 5,000th lathe
was produced.
For Period Nov :942 to Mar 1943 this plant
was third shi Wiest among .chine tool plants;
1,OO0 em ,Loyeus May 191t"', Khrleshenkc is
Dir ec ~;or a
Approved For Releasa fk09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
S-E-C-R E-T
Types of Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production
Urals Region
65.
Machine and Armaments Plant
Izhevsk
Screwcutting lathe, Model 1620
Horizontal baring mill, Model 2621
1950
500 units
AFC: viii-I55
Vertical drilling machine, ;lodes 2121
Six-spindle automatic lathe,
RSFSR
Model 1225-6
Milling machines
Drill, presses
66.
Wlachinsry Plant
Chkalov
AFC: VII=236
RSFSR
Shapers, Models 7A35, 736
Slotter, Model 743.7
1950
400 units
67.
Mathl?r Tool Plant r
Troitsk
Lathes
Power hacksaw, Model 872
19h7
1950
480 units
600 units
AFC: VTII-165* (Ch'kalov Oblast)
RSFSR
Pipe c utting= off machine, Model 9122
68.
Lathe Plant
Asbest
AFC: VIII-156
RSFSR
.1950
200 units
69.
Machine Tool Plant
"Starkon or "Gorki"
Kize1
1948
Reported as having
produced 4O units
in a 2=.reek period
1950
800 units
AFC: VIII-156
RSF&t
Second largest rifle plant in USSR;
had from 309000 to 50,000 employees
in 1942; plant also produces rifles,
motorcycles, and hand tools.
1,000 workers; plant also prod, es wood-
planing machines and automatic punches.
1,500 employees in 1946.
500 workers.
700 employees in three 8-hour shifts; has
own foundry and 4 blast furnaces; moved from
Kiev to i izei during the war; made T-34
tanks during the war; also produces
punching tools.
? 36
Approved For Reba ,eC199,9J1 9/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
Plant and Location
Types of Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production
Urals Region
740
Machinery Plant
"Lenin"
Sterlitamak
Boring and drilling nachines
19h8 1,200 units:
(Plan)
19,5550 1, 00 units
are: VIII-165
RSFSR
71.
Machine Tool Plant
"Ordzhonikidze" ,F
Sverdlovsk
Lathes
1938
150 units
(Plan)
Mt VIIT-1.56
RSFSR
1950
250 units
720
Machine Tool Plant
"Leninll**
Z1atcuet
Surface grinding machines
1950
300 units
Aru: VIII-164
RF FSR
- 37 4
S-4 C ?R- Er T
1,000 to 2,000 workers in three 8-hour
shifts, 7 days a week; equipped with
machinery from former Hillenwerke at Dresden,
Germany; Nikovaev is Director; has own
foundry; 35-mm. capacity drill press
made here was displayed in Bucharest on
13 Nov 19IL8.
Built 3,000-ton press in 1947; built-750-
ton hydraulic press in 1946 for forging rail-
road wheels; little ne-chine-.tool production,
except for special units, is believed to take
place; also produces hydraulic presses, heavy
machinery, and cranes.
2,700 employees in 3 shifts in 1942; equipment
included three open-hearth and one electric
furnace, three rolling mills, foundry.,
pattern shops, heat-treating departments and
machine shop; also produces instruments and
cutting tools.
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
?-E-C- Ea4
PJant and Location Times of chine Tools Prodw?c?ed
4stimated P1ffint.Production Re Arm
be ' Rd fop
H29-t-
73..
Machine Too). Plant
Thread-cutting 1~Othes
1948
720 units
"16th Party Congress"*
Zavod I6
11ovosibirsk
Combination lathe, Model S'195
1950
800 units
AFC: ?:0162
RSFSR
74,
Vookov Tool Plant
Drill presses (capacity 1f in,)
1942
450 units
Iovosibirsk
AFC: TX==162
RSF?SR
1950
500 units
75,
Ty ashtarkogidroprasa Plant*
(hrovoshchakovo'suburb)
Novosibirsk
Lathes
Killing machines
Vertical boring machines,
1950
10000 units
Models IF-15, 265-V, 1318
AFC: IX-162 .Planer,- Model 721F
FSFaR
76. Automatic Machine Plant Automatic lathes
Tomsk
Arlo; IX-l8
RZF'SR
38
1942 600 units
(Plan)
1950 700 units
3,000 employees in three 8-hour shifts in
1947; equipment from Siemens Plant, Berlin;
Sliozberg was Director in July 1948; has
osn foundry; quality of :Lathes poor; num-
bar of rejects high; produces an automatic
spring washer machine, Model A-453, various
consumer goods (flatirons, kitchen ranges,
and grate bars), and various castings and
forgings to order.
500 workers in 3 ehifts in 1948; also pro-
duces hand toole and pneu atic drillso
2,000 ctorkera in three 8-hour shifts in
1948; has own foundry still under construc-
tion in 1949; Polyarkov was Director in
1949, Savin was Chief Lngineer; scheduled
to be one of the largest plants of its
kind in the world; has own steel gill; also
produces fps, hydraulic presses, and
forging presses, Models KIGm800, 360, and
GU-200o,
Approved For Rel ec19 09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
77.
78a
79.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Plant and location
Types of Machine Tools Produced
Estimated Plant Production
Remarks
West Siberia Region
Stanko Zvobata Machine Plante
Touch
AFC : IX-158
RSFSR
Metal tools
1950
200 units
Mechanical Press Plant
Rarnaui
Lathes
1950
300 units
Capacity, 20,000 tons of castings a year;
started o
eration
i
t i
1944
p
n
s
; mos
tems
AFC: IX-162
RSFSR
produced are press (cold stamping),
Machine Tool Plant No, 386 x
Slavgorod
Type unknown
1950
500 units
800 employees in 1943; also produces
.forge Dresses.
AFC: IX-162
RSFSR
Kazakhstan and Central
Asia egion
80. Agricultural Iaachinery Plant Turret lathes
No. 735
Tashkent
AFC: X-328
Uzbek SS
39
1946 1-20 units Under Ministry of Agricultural Machine Building;
1950 500 units main production is agricultural machinery;
reported producing 10 turret lathes a month
in 1416; also produces agricultural
machinery,
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
COW E " dCAL
.
Plant and Location
Kazakhstan and Central
Asia Region
81. Machine Tool Plant
Frunze
AFC : X..328
Kirgiz SSR
East Siberia Region
Tool Factory No.
Irkutsk
AFC; XI=200'
RSFSR
63. Machine Building Plant
"Sheldom"
Artemovsk
AFC: XI-160
RSFSR
Soviet Far East Region
840. Machine Tool Plant
Vladivostok
AFC: XIIn282
RSFSR
85, Machinery Plant
Magadan
Types of Machine Tools Produced Estimated Plant Production
Lathes Model T-60
Milling machines
Poring machines (TJRP-VP)
Cylinder-block boring machine,
Model 2685
Poring machine for machining
cylinder blocks and sleeves, Model 2A697
1950
Lathes and screw-cutting machines 1946
1947
1948
1950
Drill presses
Type unknown 1950
C
Milling machines
Lathes
1950
350 units
14 units
23 units
28 units
350 units
300 units
Remarks
450 employees in Aug 1948; Tarnoplski is
Director and Novikov is Assistant Director;
under Ministiy of local Industry in 1948;
also produces hand tools and job forgings.
Plant reported producing lathes and drill
presses in 1949.
No, other information since 1947.
No other data since 1906
AFC: XII-131
RSFSR Approved For Releasehd999/09102 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100050005-8
AL