INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS GROUP WEEKLY SUMMARY NO. 39

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-01090A000100020013-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2000
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: September 27, 1949
• Content Type: PERRPT

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`or week ending 27 September 1949
Volume II
The International :Week
of most interest on the international scene was the reve
Ration of an atomic explosion in the USSR. Such evidence of
Soviet ability to produce atomic weapons will probably have
widespread psychological repercussions, especially in Western
Europe and lead to renewed pressure for UN atomic control.
".eanwhile Soviet Foreign 'jinister Vishinsky unveiled the Soviet
propaganda theme for the 1949 GA in calling for a Five Power
?'Peace Pact" The issue posed by Yugoslavia's SC candidacy
continued to perplex UN members.
'"ore Vishinsky. Adhering to his general pattern in re-
cent GA meetings, Soviet U'oreign '.inister Vishinsky conducted
the usual philippic against the western Powers ending with
the introduction of a purely propagandistic proposal as the
lttw Soviet GA "leitmotif." There was nothing essentially new in
the opening Soviet diatribe except its brevity. It led up to
a three pronged proposal that the GA (a) specifically condemn
the war preparations of the US and UK, (b) call for the immmedi.-,
ate and unconditional prohibition of atomic weapons and the
establishment of "rigid international control," (c) note the
"mighty popular movement for peace and against warmongers,"
and request the five major powers to conclude a Peace pact. No
one of these proposals has the slightest chance of adoption by
the GA in any recognizable form, as the USSR well knows. How-
ever if any resolution finally emerging from the GA should even
touch the same subjects as those of the Soviet proposals, the
USSR will undoubtedly claim the initiative for all that is good
in the and product.
''Peace Partisans" to stage 'world--wide demonstrations as
UN cons dens Sov st "pact". An " ntea?netional Day of Stru gle
For Peace,'' to be held October 2 in all countries, will climax
the drive of the "lorld Peace Partisans and other me jor Communist
front organizations to organize world public opinion behind
Soviet "peace objectives" and against Western defense plans. At
the recent Moscow Peace Congress peace partisans everywhere were
urged to hold a "mass rising" on this day and "to show daring
and convince themselves of their own power." These demonstra
tionsr, coinciding with the UN Ganeral Assembly, were planned at
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a midswnxuer meeting in Paris between representatives of the
Permanent Committee of Peace Partisans, the world Federation
of Trade Unions, the '?.orld 7ederetion of Democratic Youth,
and the 'Zomen's International Democratic Federation. Com-
munist determination to give maximum impetus to the current
drive is reflected in (1) Soviet Foreign Minister Vishinsky's
proposal in the UN for a Five-Power peace pact, (2) a Polish
plea for UNESCO support of the peace movement, (3) a reported
Swiss Communist plan to present to the UN a monster "peace
petition," (4.) the scheduling of September peace congresses
in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland.
The effect of these cumulative peace efforts has been
that of a well-coordinated preparation for the Soviet Foreign
`.tir..t.ster's "peace pact," which, he declares, will give expres--
siou to "the mighty popular movement for peace and against
warmongers. 1"
Uncertainty over Yuposlcvia's SO Candice. A murk of
indec son over .e grade's bid for an SC seat continued to
hang over Flushing Meadows,, The testern Powers were still
waiting for GA majority sentiment, to crystallize wh,..le the ma-
jority were looking toward the weet f'or a lead. Secretary
General Lie advised key GA off is a si of Soviet Assistant Sec-
retary General Zinohenko's statement that the USSR was "pretty
much worried" about both Yugoslavia and its SC aspirations.
This development, together with the announcement of an atomic
explosion in the USSR, may have injected a new note of caution
into the situation. In what looks like a last minute switch,
the U^SR apparently shifted its choice from Byelorussia to
Czechoslovakia, perhaps in recognition of the widespread aver-
sion to placing members of the Soviet Union itself in the SC.
Delay in the SC elections may work against Yugoslavia as the
delegates have more time to ponder the full implications to
the UJN of the Soviet reaction.
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France opposes closer UN'. C0 into ration with UN. The
recent US proposal for c osertntegration oP nto the
general UN structure has led to reconsideration of UNESCO's
basic character and purposes at the current Paris Conference.
The French believe that the "spiritual nature" of UNT.SCO should
be stressed and that it should not be too closely identified
with the political problems of the U TV This position probably
reflects French disinclination to see UN]SCO coma under too
close control of the UN, which they regard as US--dominated.
Support for this attitude is expected from Latin American dele-
gates, who are often moved by appeals to spiritual values and
who feel happier when discussing UNESCO as a cultural approach
to peace. Despite this development, the UK and British Common-
wealth, sharing US impatience with the multiplicity and in-
coherence of past UNESCO programs, will probably continue to
insist that it concentrate on a few "concrete" objectives such
as fundamental education and technical assistance.
effect on UN Budget.. The general devalua-
tion of currencies followin'; British initiative is certain to
lend impetus to the economy campaign in the UN. It will give
additional point to Brazil's proposal to eliminate prolifera-
tion and overlapping of projects of the UN and its specialized
agencies. It will result in trimming the budgets of such
specialized agencies as UNESCO. It will rule out any reduction
in the US contribution to the UN budget, now about 40%, and put
steam behind the demand that members be permitted to pay part
of their assessments in soft currencies. Finally it may give
rise to requests that more meotitws be held in soft currency
areas where prices will not be so steep for participating na-
tions.
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Satellites may end coilabpratlon aith UNESCO in protest
over German program. The recent walk-out of Poland, Czecho-
Tvek1a an Iungary aftor.the UNSSCO Conference's adoption
of a German program may presage the and of active Satellite
participation in that organization. Although they staged a
similar walk-out from the UNESCO 1947 conference, Poland this
time warned that a decision to work with the "neo-Fasoist
'!estern German government" might determine whether UNESCO
would continue to be a world organization. The mounting irri-
tation of the Soviet-orbit powers at any UN recognition for
the Bonn Government was indicated earlier in the year by their
repudiation of ''pest German representation in the ILO and is
currently reflected in their plan to force reconsideration in
FCOSOC of UTESCO's German program.
Increased Pressure for UN atomic control. The announce-
ment E t t a U.~SR has produce an m explosion" will re-
sult in greatly inorea ed pressure in the UN for some form of
international atomic energy control. The disappearance of the
t?S ('monopoly" and the mastery of atomic energy by a powerful
potential aggressor will give new impetus to attempts to break
the East-":est deadlock which has so for blocked all UN efforts
in this field. LTany UN membera,,increasingly concerned over
the devastation implicit in an atomic conflict, will be pre-
pared to take the calculated risk of accenting ra compromise
UN control agreement rather than allowing continuation of the
present deadlock and intensified ato is aryls race. The futility
of trying to move the USSR from its position will lead some
states, particularly in the Far Fast and Latin America, to
direct increasing pre-,sure upon the US to cot. promise with the
TTSL in the belief thut only through US concessions can any sort
of atomic control agreement be reached.
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