NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
C
Document Page Count: 
30
Document Creation Date: 
December 16, 2016
Document Release Date: 
April 21, 2005
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
June 1, 1951
Content Type: 
NIS
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PDF icon CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7.pdf1.88 MB
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Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS NATURE, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE OF THE NIS PROGRAM CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Washington, D. C. DOCUMENT NO. NO CHANfl R1 CA ASS 0 (L.AS'_ . CHANC;,. D TO? TS S C PJ XT REV,EW DATE: 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Nature, Purpose, and Scope of the NIS Program Authority for the NIS Program The National Intelligence Survey (NIS) Pro- gram was established pursuant to National Secu- rity Council Intelligence Directive No. 3, 13 Janu- ary 1948. This directive provides that: An outline of all basic intelligence required by the Government shall be prepared by the Cen- tral Intelligence Agency (CIA) in collaboration with other appropriate agencies. This outline shall be broken down into chapters, sections, and subsections which shall be allocated as production and maintenance respon- sibilities to CIA and those other Government agen- cies best qualified by reason of their intelligence requirements, production capabilities, and domi- nant interest to assume these responsibilities. This basic intelligence shall be compiled and continuously maintained in National Intelligence Survey to cover foreign countries, areas, or broad special subjects, as appropriate. The NIS shall be disseminated in such form as may be determined by the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) and the agencies concerned. The DCI shall be responsible for coordinat- ing the production and maintenance and for ac- complishing the editing, publication, and dissemi- nation of the NIS and shall make such requests on the agencies as are necessary for the proper development and maintenance of the NIS. Departments or agencies to be called on for contributions to this undertaking may include agencies other than those represented permanently in the Intelligence Advisory Committee (IAC). Basic Concepts of the NIS Program The NIS is a concise digest of basic intelli- gence required by the Department of Defense for strategic planning and high level operational plan- ning, and by the Department of State for use in formulating and executing U.S. foreign policy. It also serves other Government agencies which re- quire it for the accomplishment of their missions. In general, the intelligence contained in NIS is concerned with the relatively permanent features and fundamental characteristics of a country, area, or broad special subject, and covers such fields as the geographical, political, economic, military, scientific, and sociological aspects of the country or area or the fundamental aspects of the broad special subject. The NIS Program has two phases : 1) the initial production of NIS on countries or areas in accord- ance with JCS priorities and Intelligence Agency capabilities and 2) the continuous maintenance of such NIS. The objective of the first phase is to pro- duce integrated basic intelligence studies of all pertinent aspects of the countries or areas within the limits of available information and intelligence on countries or areas. The objective of the second phase is to keep up to date the basic intelligence contained in the published NIS, to fill gaps in this intelligence, and to improve the presentation of material in NIS originally produced. It is the responsibility of agencies having dominant interest to place each NIS element actively on a maintenance basis as soon as the element has been initially produced. This phase of the program is to continue indefi- nitely. Revisions will be published as required. Both phases of the NIS Program require an over-all collection effort covering all important foreign countries and areas of the world simul- taneously. If information is available to undertake an NIS of lower priority than one on which ade- quate material is not available, the NIS of lower priority will be produced and will not be held in abeyance pending the availability of material for the NIS of higher priority. While the aim of the collection effort will be to enable the production of complete and re- liable published NIS, it must be recognized that the production and maintenance program requires information in greater detail than the intelligence which appears in the published NIS. New information will be continuously processed so that the intelligence on hand will be constantly up to date and ready for use. The NIS Program must be flexible in order to meet the basic intelligence requirements of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. To this end it may be neces- sary to produce and disseminate separate chapters or sections of any NIS. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATURE, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE JUNE 1951 Standard Instructions for NIS The Standard Instructions for National Intelli- gence Surveys contain outlines of basic intelligence requirements, allocations of responsibility for pro- duction, and instructions for the production of this intelligence. These Standard Instructions were prepared by a joint committee of representatives of the Director of Central Intelligence and the Chiefs of Intelligence Agencies of the Departments of State, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force; were concurred in by the Intelligence Advisory Committee; and were approved by the National Security Council. The outlines and outline guides are so drafted as to cover all the basic intelligence aspects of the most complex foreign country or area. However, the appropriate treatment of any topic included in the outlines and outline guides is determined by the sense in which and the extent to which that topic applies to the particular country or area under consideration. Thus, the outlines and out- line guides should be adapted to the country or area on which the NIS is being produced. The Standard Instructions prescribe the basic procedures to be followed in producing and main- taining all NIS. They cannot, however, cover all contingencies. Hence, when cogent reasons exist, the instructions may be modified or supplemented to permit appropriate treatment of any topic. Content of an NIS An NIS is divided into chapters, each of which treats a major functional aspect of the coun- try or area under consideration. These chapters are divided into sections, each of which treats a major subdivision of the field covered by the chap- ter. The section is so designed as to permit it to serve as the basic unit of production and mainte- nance and so enhance the flexibility of the NIS Program. The NIS chapters are as follows: Chapter I Brief Chapter II Military Geography Chapter III Transportation and Telecommunica- tions Chapter IV Sociological Chapter V Political Chapter VI Economic Chapter VII Scientific Chapter VIII Armed Forces Chapter IX Map and Chart Appraisal Certain topics involving numerous details are given general treatment in appropriate sections of NIS chapters and full treatment in supplements. Supplements are prepared only if the topic in ques- tion is sufficiently important in an NIS Area to warrant this detailed treatment. There are, at present, the following five supplements: NIS Supplement No. I Ports and Naval Facilities NIS Supplement No. II Air Facilities NIS Supplement No. III Telecommunications NIS Supplement No. IV Urban Areas NIS Supplement No. V Petroleum The Special NIS on Marine Climate and Oceanography divides the world sea areas into ocean basins. These ocean basins are further sub- divided into Parts, each of which is comparable to a chapter in the other NIS. The production unit is a Part, each of which will consist of three sec- tions. Ocean basins are designated as follows: NIS 104 Atlantic Basin 12 Parts NIS 105 Pacific Basin 12 Parts NIS 106 Indian Basin 4 Parts NIS 107 Arctic Basin 1 Part NIS 108 Antarctic Basin 1 Part A gazetteer will be published for each NIS Area. The geographic areas covered by the NIS are generally defined by political boundaries. In CHAPTERS II (Military Geography), however, areas are determined in terms of natural geographic units. In some instances, it is desirable to define the geographic area in terms of natural boundaries. For example, since the Iberian Peninsula, includ- ing the approaches into the Pyrenees from France, forms a natural geographic concept, it should be considered geographically as a whole. Thus, the geographic treatment of this area would serve as CHAPTER II for both NIS Portugal and NIS Spain. Conversely, the area included within politi- cal boundaries may be so extensive as to embrace several natural geographic units. Examples of such areas are the U.S.S.R. and China. CHAPTERS II for these areas would consist of several Parts, each treating a natural geographic unit. In addition, it will be necessary to transcend political boundaries in many instances in order to obtain comprehensive treatment of certain functional aspects, such as transportation and ports and naval facilities; and such procedure should be followed wherever necessary. The scope of each chapter, supplement, and Special NIS is outlined in detail under the Outline Guides in this volume. Chapter and section out- line guides in general include initial comments relative to content of the unit as a whole which are not repeated with but are pertinent to the detailed outlines for individual sections and subsections. The following standard definitions apply explicitly to CHAPTERS II-IX and by implication to CHAP- TER I: a) The first section of each chapter is uni- formly entitled Introduction. This section is not a summary of the basic intelligence contained in the remainder of the chapter or an explanation of the organization of the chapter. Rather, it pre- sents an analysis of the basic intelligence contained in the chapter. It also presents general aspects which cannot be treated adequately elsewhere in Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 NATURE, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE the chapter. For example, the organization and functions of the high command are covered in SEC- TION 80 (Introduction to CHAPTER VIII, Armed Forces) because this topic cannot be adequately treated in the subsequent sections of CHAPTER VIII. The chapter outline guides indicate the nature and scope of the treatment to be accorded the Intro- duction of each chapter. b) The first subsection of each section is uniformly entitled General. This subsection is provided to permit a proper approach to the treat- ment of material contained in the remainder of the section. c) The last subsection of most sections is uniformly entitled Comments on Principal Sources. This subsection is to serve the following purposes : To provide an evaluation of the principal source mate- rial used in preparing the section and thereby in- form the user of the general credibility to be ac- corded the intelligence contained in the section. To indicate those aspects of the subject about which information is deficient or unavailable and thereby provide collectors of information with collection targets. In this connection, the principal sources (not necessarily all sources) actually used should be indicated. Summary of agency functions 1. GENERAL Where one agency is responsible for a sec- tion of a chapter or a subsection of a section which is being coordinated by another agency, working level liaison shall be maintained. All communica- tions of a policy or requirements nature to the agency preparing the section or subsection will be passed through intelligence command channels. In all instances working level coordination among agencies concerned will include the follow- ing : Exchange, where applicable, of drafts of completed draft sections in order to resolve inconsistencies among sections and detect gaps in over-all cover- age. Informal coordination in compiling specific subsec- tions which are assigned as the responsibility of one agency but impinge upon the field of interest of another. 2. NIS COMMITTEE The NIS Committee consists of represent- atives of the Director of Central Intelligence and the Chiefs of the Intelligence Agencies of the De- partments of State, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The representative of the Director of Central Intelligence is ex officio chairman of the committee. It also includes an advisory member from the Joint Staff who shall be thoroughly familiar with the basic intelligence requirements of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), keep the JCS informed of the progress of the NIS Program, and keep the NIS Committee informed of changes in the JCS requirements. The NIS Committee performs the following functions: Considers and recommends for Intelligence Agency approval over-all policies for the NIS Pro- gram. Determines the scope and treatment of each NIS to be produced. Allocates responsibility for production and main- tenance of NIS in accordance with the intelligence requirements, production capabilities, and domi- nant interest of the Intelligence Agencies con- cerned. Establishes NIS production and maintenance schedules based upon JCS priorities and agency capabilities. Promulgates procedures and instructions for the preparation, review, editing, and submission of NIS contributions. Recommends to CIA measures necessary for the coordination of the NIS Program. 3. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY The Central Intelligence Agency performs the following functions: Provides over-all coordination of the NIS Pro- gram. Produces those elements of NIS allocated to it for production by the NIS Committee. Furnishes certain common services which can best be done centrally. Edits NIS contributions, provides advisory sub- stantive review, and arranges for the publication of NIS. Disseminates NIS in accordance with Intelligence Agency agreements. 4. IAC AGENCIES The IAC Agencies (State, Army, Navy, and Air Force) perform the following functions: Provide a member and alternate members of the NIS Committee. This member repre- sents, and speaks for, the Chief of the Intelligence Agency of the Department from which he is ac- credited. Produce and maintain the NIS elements which have been allocated by the NIS Committee as production responsibilities. Implement collection effort which may be re- quired for NIS production and maintenance. 5. NON-IAC AGENCIES The non-IAC Agencies perform the following functions: Produce and maintain portions of NIS when explicitly assigned that responsibility by the NIS Committee or by an Intelligence Agency with the approval of that Committee. Furnish Intelligence Agencies with material for integration into NIS by those agencies. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS ALLOCATION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR PREPARATION OF NIS CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Washington, D. C. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 Allocation of Responsibility for Preparation of NIS Neither the following allocations nor any interpretation thereof shall negate the basic principle that each department is responsible for the production of that intelligence which is responsive to its departmental mission. Section 10-Introduction 11-Strategic Significance of the NIS Area 12-Military Geography 13-Transportation and Telecommunications 14-Sociological 15-Political 16-Economic 17-Scientific 18-Armed Forces 19-Map and Chart Appraisal Section 20-Introduction 21-Military Geographic Regions 22-Coasts and Landing Beaches 23-Weather and Climate 24-Topography 25-Urban Areas Section 30-Introduction 31-Railway 32-Highway 33-Inland Waterway 34-Petroleum Pipeline (treated in Sub- section 62, C and Supplement V) 35-Ports and Naval Facilities 36-Merchant Marine 37-Civil Air 38-Telecommunications Section 40-Introduction 41-Population 42-Characteristics of the People 43-Religion, Education, and Public Information 44-Manpower 45-Health and Sanitation 46-Public Welfare CIA CIA (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) State (with joint assistance) State State (with joint assistance) CIA (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) CIA (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) Army Navy (with Army assistance) Joint Meteorological Committee Army Army Army (with joint assistance) Army Army Army Joint Army-Navy Navy Air Force (with Navy participation) Army State State (with Army assistance) State State State Army State Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 ALLOCATIONS JUNE 1951 Section 50-Introduction 51-The Constitutional System 52-Structure of the Government 53-Political Dynamics 54-Public Order and Safety 55-National Policies 56-Intelligence and Security 57-Subversive 58-Propaganda 59-Biographies of Key Personalities Section 60-Introduction 61-Agriculture and Food D. Electric power 63-Minerals and Metals 64-Manufacturing and Construction A. General B. Industrial machinery and equipment C. Motor vehicles (including tanks, self-pro- pelled guns, etc.) D. Aircraft production E. Shipbuilding F. Explosives, industrial and military G. Guns, explosive devices, and ammunition H. Other military equipment and supplies (including war gases and smoke prep- arations) I. Telecommunications, signal and lighting equipment J. Chemical industries K. Agricultural processing industries L. Fibers, fabrics, and rubber M. Construction industries N. Other industries 0. Comments on principal sources CHAPTER VII-SCIENTIFIC Section 70-Introduction State State State State State State (with joint assistance) CIA (with joint assistance) State (with joint assistance) State State State (with joint assistance) State (with the assistance of the De- partment of Agriculture and the Fish and Wildlife Service, Depart- ment of the Interior) State (with assistance of the Depart- ment of the Interior) Army State (with the assistance of the De- partment of the Interior) Army State State (primary responsibility) Army Air Force (with Navy participation) Navy Army (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) Army (with joint assistance) State State State State State State (with joint assistance) CIA is to produce final draft with con- tributions from Navy and Air Force; guidance from Army and State. CIA to coordinate through the JEIC the final draft based upon contribu- tions from all intelligence agencies. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 ALLOCATIONS CHAPTER VII-SCIENTIFIC (Continued) 72-Air, Ground, and Naval Weapons 73-Atomic Energy 74-Biological Warfare (BW) 75-Chemical Warfare (CW) 76--Miscellaneous CHAPTER VIII-ARMED FORCES Section 80-Introduction 81-Ground Forces 82-Naval Forces 83-Air Forces 91-Selected Maps, Charts, and Plans A. General B. Physical maps, navigation charts of urban areas C. Maps of transportation and communica- tions D. Sociological, political, and economic maps E. Special armed forces maps 92-Appraisal of Selected Maps, Charts, and Plans SUPPLEMENT I-PORTS AND NAVAL FACILITIES SUPPLEMENT II-AIR FACILITIES SUPPLEMENT III-TELECOMMUNICATIONS CIA to coordinate, through SIC work- ing committees where practicable, the final draft with contributions on: Guided missiles and aircraft from the Air Force; Ground weapons from the Army; Naval weapons from the Navy. CIA to coordinate through the JAEIC the final draft with contributions from other intelligence agencies. CIA to coordinate through JBWIC and JCWIC, respectively, the final drafts based upon contributions from Army and from other intelli- gence agencies. CIA to coordinate through JBWIC and JCWIC, respectively, the final drafts based upon contributions from Army and from other intelli- gence agencies. CIA to produce final draft based upon contributions from other intelli- gence agencies. Army (with joint assistance) Army Navy Air Force (with Navy participation) CIA (as coordinating staff for mate- rial received from Army, Navy, Air Force, and MATS) CIA-SECTION COORDINATOR CIA Army, Navy, Air Force, MATS Army, Navy, Air Force, CIA CIA Army, Navy, Air Force CIA (as coordinating staff for mate- rial received from Army, Navy, Air Force, and MATS) JOINT ARMY-NAVY AIR FORCE (with Navy participation) ARMY Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 ALLOCATIONS JUNE 1951 SUPPLEMENT IV-URBAN AREAS ARMY SUPPLEMENT V-PETROLEUM STATE (with assistance of the Depart- ment of the Interior) SPECIAL NIS-MARINE CLIMATE AND OCEANOGRAPHY NAVY Section 1-Introduction Navy 2-Marine Climate Navy (with assistance of the Air Force) 3-Oceanography Navy Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS NIS AREAS CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Washington, D. C. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 SHORT TITLE Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NIS AREAS JUNE 1951 NIS 33 Iran NIS 34 Afghanistan NIS 35 India NIS 37 Ceylon NIS 38 Burma NIS 39 China NIS 41 Korea NIS 42 Thailand NIS 43 Indochina 25X1 NIS 44 British Indonesia NIS 46 NIS 47 NIS 48 Tunisia Algeria Morocco NIS 49 Libya NIS 50 West Africa Arabian Peninsula, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone, Iraq-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone, Bahrein, Qatar, Trucial Oman, Muscat and Oman, Yemen, Aden Colony and Protectorate. Iran Afghanistan India, including Jammu and Kashmir, Nepal, Bhutan, and Portuguese and French territories in India, Andaman, Laccadive and Nicobar Islands. East and West Pakistan (excluding Jammu and Kashmir), and including the Oman settlement of Gwadar. Ceylon Burma China, including Hong Kong and Macao. Mongolia (Outer Mongolia or the "Mongolian People's Republic"). Korea Thailand Indochina, the Paracel Islands, Spratley Island and other disputed islands and reefs in South China Sea south of Paracel Islands. Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak, Brunei, and North Borneo. Tunisia Algeria French Morocco, Spanish Morocco (northern Span- ish zone in Morocco), Ifni, and International Zone of Tangier. Libya French West Africa, Spanish Sahara (Rio de Oro, including the southern Spanish zone in Moroc- co), Portuguese Guinea, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, British Togoland, French Togoland, Nigeria and British Cameroons. NIS Area 33 NIS Area 34 NIS Area 35: Part I-Northern India, including Jammu and Kashmir, Nepal, and Bhutan, the Portuguese territory in northern India, all of Pakistan and the Oman settle- ment of Gwadar. Part II-Peninsular India, including the Portuguese and French territories in Peninsular India. NIS Area 37 NIS Area 38 NIS Area 39: Part I-Western China and Mongolia Part II-Manchuria Part III-North China Part IV-South China, including Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao NIS Area 40 (Same as NIS Area 39, Part I) NIS Area 41 NIS Area 42 NIS Area 43 NIS NIS NIS Areas 46-48 Areas 46-48 Areas 46-48 NIS Area 49 NIS Area 50: Part I-French West Africa except terri- tories listed under Part II below, Span- ish Sahara (Rio de Oro, including south- ern Spanish zone in Morocco), Gam- bia, Portuguese Guinea, Sierra Leone. Part II-The following parts of French West Africa: Ivory Coast and Dahomy and the following other areas: Liberia, Gold Coast, British Togoland, French Togoland, Nigeria and British Camer- oons. NIS Area 51 (Same as NIS Area 50, Part II) Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Next 4 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Washington, D. C. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS CONTENTS Page A. Transmittal of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Letter of transmittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Manuscript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3. Graphic material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 B. Text specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Typing of text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Text headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. References to figures and text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4. Quotations and extract matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5. Sample pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6. Footnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7. Reference to sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 C. Tabular specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Tabulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Typing of tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Titles and figure numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5. Stubs and column headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6. Footnotes and source references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7. Conventional entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8. Statistical totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9. Table construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 D. Graphic specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. Photographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. NIS Supplement specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. Classification and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3. Treatment of names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4. Technical terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5. Statistical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6. Return of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7. Editorial style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Editorial Instructions A. Transmittal of material 1. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL NIS material delivered to the Basic Intelligence Division (D/B), CIA requires a letter of transmit- tal (original and 2 copies). The letter itemizes the number of pages of text and table manuscript, table of contents and other typed material sub- mitted, and indicates any omission of material or other deviation from standard procedure. The let- ter specifies control aspects of material involved. The letter of transmittal also indicates the number of extra copies of insert maps which the contrib- utor desires run without NIS reference lines (the number not to exceed 10 copies of each map except by special arrangement), the minimum classifica- tion for each map if run without the NIS refer- ences, and any special restrictions concerning ad- ditional runs and distribution by CIA for other than NIS purposes. 2. MANUSCRIPT NIS manuscript is submitted in 5 complete as- sembled copies. Each of the 5 assembled sets of manuscript includes in sequence 1) title page, 2) table of contents, 3) text, 4) tables, 5) caption list, and 6) list of any border information. Pagination begins with the first page of text of each Section and is consecutive throughout the manuscript (including each page of the tables, which follow the text in sequence of figure num- bers). Pagination is by other means than a num- bering machine, which is reserved for use in D/B processing. Manuscript with more than nominal alterations is not acceptable. Text or tabular material Photo- statted or similarly reproduced from printed or other material must be in positive print form and legible in approximately typewriter elite size. The supporting items, typed triple space, are as follows : TITLE PAGE, containing Chapter or Supplement number and title, Section number and title, and the statement: "This is a preliminary draft of Section , NIS . It has not been finally edited or reconciled with other NIS sections and should not be reproduced. This Section has been approved for use in the NIS by the (agency), (month, year): This is the uniform date for the entire section and will appear on each page of the published section." TABLE OF CONTENTS for each section, including all headings and, subheads used in text according to the style given in "Text specifications." For Sup- plements, or when entire chapters are submitted, a separate table of contents extending through No. 2 heads of all sections also is included. Each sec- tion table of contents is immediately followed by a LIST OF FIGURES which lists in sequence all figures with the following details for each: Figure number as determined by sequence in tentative placement, category identification (Table, Photo, Aerial, Chart, Diagram, Plan, Map), and the caption as it ap- pears with the figure or in appropriate short-title form. This LIST OF FIGURES is immediately fol- lowed by a contributor statement, as approved by the NIS Committee, showing the agency or agen- cies contributing to and responsible for prepara- tion of the material. CAPTION LIST (required for typesetting of all cap- tions). Figure numbers for all tables and graphics are listed in sequence with exact wording of the caption as attached to the figure. When appli- cable, the list of captions is followed by a border information list, listing in sequence each insert map figure number with exact wording of the border information as specified in "Graphic specifi- cations," and indicating which maps have apron material. 3. GRAPHIC MATERIAL Graphic material, including photographs, is as- sembled separately from manuscript, in 4 complete sets with each item in sequence. The 4 copies of each item consist of an original and 3 copies of all black and white material, and 4 color proofs for multicolor graphic material. The original plates of multicolor maps are retained by contributor until receipt of memorandum from D/B. These originals are then forwarded as directed by D/B for final reproduction. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS JUNE 1951 B. Text specifications 1. TYPING OF TEXT Text is submitted in 5 copies, typed on one side only, with the original on substantial 8 x 121/2 bond paper. Duplicating process may be used if submitted copies are thoroughly legible. Text is typed triple space. All paragraphs without head- ings begin with 5-space indent. Normal capital- ization is used throughout (including headings), without use of continuous capitalization or of un- derlining except for foreign or other terms to be italicized. The last word of a typed line is always a complete word, avoiding ending any line with a hyphen. Manuscript conforms to the sample pages, with margins as shown. Each manuscript page, as shown, includes in top margin the name of the agency of primary responsibility, date (manu- script completion date, for processing control pur- poses only), classification,. NIS number and sec- tion number. The first page of text includes the section number and title. Text pages are num- bered consecutively within each section (not using a numbering machine, which is reserved for D/B processing). 2. TEXT HEADINGS Headings used in NIS text material are as fol- lows : (Grade of head, not typed in ms.) II. Military Geography (Chapter title) 22. Coasts and Landing Beaches (Section title) A. General (No. 1) 1. Coasts (No. 2) a. Northern peninsula - Text follows ...... (No. 3) (1) Williams Bay - Text follows ........ (No. 4) (a) Vicinity of Port Smith-Text .. .. (No. 5) 1) Seaward Approaches - Text ..... (No. 6) Chapter and section titles are centered. No. 1 heads are typed flush with left margin of text; in- ferior heads are successively indented 5 typewriter spaces. No. 1 and No. 2 heads stand alone; text begins on next line with indentation of 5 spaces and thereafter flush left. Remaining heads each end with space, two hyphens, space; text follows im- mediately on same line, with succeeding lines be- ginning flush with left text margin. Each standard heading includes a title in ad- dition to letter or number. Titles are as brief as feasible. In No. 1 through No. 5 heads, common nouns are not capitalized. No. 6 heads are initial caps except for prepositions, articles, etc. Headings may stand alone when immediately followed by the next grade of head. For certain material (as in Coasts and Landing Beaches), a heading may be followed on the next line or lines by coordinates, hydrographic chart references, etc. No. 5 and No. 6 headings may be modified when used to introduce a series of similar subsidiary topics (such as a series of brief descriptive para- graphs on smaller ports). Numbers used to itemize a series of items within text carry a single parenthesis, e.g., 1). 3. REFERENCES TO FIGURES AND TEXT Figures (including both tables and graphic ma- terial) must be adequately referred to in the re- lated text, using figure numbers assigned by the contributor. Reference may be integral in a sen- tence, ". . . as shown in FIGURE 32-16 . . . ", or parenthetical, ". . .(FIGURES 42-3 through 42- 6). . .". It is often desirable to use the reference flexibly to differentiate types of figures, e.g., ". . . tabulated in FIGURE 42-7 . . ." or ". . shown on the map, FIGURE 42-8 . . .". Statements such as ". . . in the following table . . ." or ". . . in the table above . . ." are undesirable be- cause the relationship may not be retained in printing. Because figure numbering is subject to change in publication or maintenance, reference to tables or graphic material in other sections or chapters is by abbreviated caption, type of material and section number in which it appears, e.g., "(see population density map, SECTION 41) ". Tentative placement within text of tables and appropriate graphic items (e.g., line cuts) is in- dicated by large carets with figure numbers on the right margin of text pages (see sample pages). Each figure is caretted only once. Figures expect- ed to follow printed text, such as half-tone illus- trations and fold-in maps, are itemized after the last line of manuscript text. Because subsection numbering and titles are sub- ject to change in publication or maintenance, cross references are made to the highest order of text topic which will adequately indicate where the ref- erenced material will be found. Within sections and especially within lengthy sections, however, references to subsections may be quite detailed if desirable. Another section of the same chapter is referred to by ". . . (SECTION 81, this chapter) . . ." or ". . . (See section on Ground Forces) . . ." Reference to a section of another chapter is as follows: ". . . (CHAPTER III, SECTION 31) . . ." or ". . . (See Railway) . . ." The words Chapter, Section, and Figure, when followed by identifying number are typed in capi- tals and lower case. 4. QUOTATIONS AND EXTRACT MATTER Quotations up to approximately 3 typewritten lines are included in text within quotation marks. Longer quotations, and subordinate material like- wise to be printed as "extract" in smaller type, are without quotation marks, indented 5 spaces for all lines and typed double space. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For l?R ase 2005/0 /12 : IA-RDD0550220 ARMY-January 1948 NIS 21 (CLASSIFICATION) Sec-38 Left I Margin A. General MManchuria were rapidly expanded. New radio stations were... B. Domestic facilities During the Japanese occupation telecommunication facilities in 1. General Prior to 1933, telecommunication facilities in Manchuria were under the control of several agencies and companies licensed by the 'Chinese, Japanese, and Russian governments. 2. Telephone a. Location of routes of lines -- Telephone land lines form a rather close pattern around Mukden, Chang-ch'un (Hsinking), and Harbin, and radiate to all parts of the country (Figure 38-1).. b. Type of construction -- Construction was completed for I an underground 28-pair nonloaded telephone cable between Mukden and Antung in 1937 (Figure 38-2). In December 1912.... 3. Telegraph and cable a. Location of routes of lines -- Most of the routes are (parallel to railways and highways; lines are also built along the (valleys. Practically all the major circuits and most of the other.. (page number) (CLASSIFICATION) App Top Margin Jill EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS JUNE 1951 Top --- - - - - - -- --- --- Margin Left Right Margin The offices and agencies that provided telegraph service in they Margin u China area in 1939 were: Telegraph and telephone service 244 Telephone stations 232 Telegraph agencies 403 Wireless agencies 62 Total 9111 b. Type of construction -- In general, construction of.. I (CLASSIFICATION) Sec-38 4. Radio a. Radio communications stations -- From 1933 to 1945 the major radio communications stations were operated by....* *Itemized information for the period 1940 to 1945 is almost entirely based on captured Japanese documents, but the significant totals are confirmed by U.S. official reports. b. Broadcasting -- There are several of the more powerful broadcasting stations listed in Figure 38-3. (1) Number of installations -- The number of these installations is considerably smaller than the total given by the 'that, even with full allowance for the new facilities only a few have) F1939 telegraph offices and agencies' tabulations. It is now believed) short-wave transmitters. There is very little information about... (page number) Bottom (CLASSIFICATION) Margin 114 It 811 Approved For Release 2005105112 . CIA-RDP79-01055AO00200100001--7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS 5. SAMPLE PAGES The accompanying two pages are sample pages of text manuscript for the guidance of typists. 6. FOOTNOTES Footnotes to text matter are kept to a minimum. When footnotes are considered necessary, up to 3 asterisks per page may be used. In manuscript the footnote is inserted on the line following the reference, separated from the text by solid lines above and below; the footnote begins indented 5 spaces from left margin, and is typed double space (see sample pages). 7. REFERENCE TO SOURCES References to sources are confined as much as possible to the topic Comments on Principal Sources, where the evaluative discussion normally will be followed by an alphabetical listing of prin- cipal sources to which consecutive numbers are assigned. If sources are grouped by subject cate- gories, they are numbered consecutively rather than by successive groups. In text, and in both text and figure footnotes, this facilitates brief ref- erence, e.g., ". . , based on Source 1 estimates, . . ." or ". . . (Source 1) . . ." When only a few principal sources are identified and are not as- signed source numbers in the Comments subsec- tion, text or footnote reference thereto is as brief as feasible. A source cited in text but not included in Comments on Principal Sources may be de- scribed in necessary detail but as briefly as possi- ble. Author, title of source; and date normally is sufficient, typed in capitals and lower case set off from text by parentheses. In the numbered listing of principal sources, each item is typed double space and is continuous in the following order and typewriter style : Author, authors, editor or agency; last name first, capital and lower case, period. Title of book or other separate publication; capitals and lower case, underlined, followed within parentheses by capitals and lower case translation if required, period. Title of article from periodical in quotes, capitals and lower case, comma; followed by name of periodical, underlined, comma; edition, series, part, volume, number, selected pages, year of peri- odical as necessary, separated- by commas in that order, with capital only at beginning of series of items, abbreviated as ed., ser., pt., vol., no., p., period. Arabic numerals used throughout except Roman after pt. Place of publication in capitals and lower case, followed by colon and publishing agency if given, otherwise period. Date, period; n.d. if not dated, period. Total pages if desired. Classification in parentheses, capital and lower case, without period. When several works by the same author or agency are listed, the author's name is not repeated but is replaced by dashes in subsequent listings. C. Tabular specifications 1. TABULATIONS Relatively simple tabular presentations, gener- ally with no stubs, less than 3 columns of data, and not requiring more than a printed column width, are treated as tabulations. Tabulations are incor- porated in text manuscript without figure number or title (see sample pages). They are typed double space, with no continuous capitalization or under- lining. 2. TABLES More complex tabular presentations, generally with stub and 3 or more vertical columns of data, are treated as tables. Each table has a descrip- tive title (caption) preceded by a figure number. Each table is constructed to stand as an entity, because of possible separation from text in publica- tion or use. 3. TYPING OF TABLES Each table is typed in 5 copies, on one side only, original on substantial bond paper. Duplicating process may be used if submitted copies are thor- oughly checked for legibility. Tables are typed double space, with no continuous capitals or under- lining in caption, stubs, column headings, or data entries. Tables are typed on 8 x 121/2 bond paper whenever practicable. For more extensive presen- tations, larger paper may be used, if possible re- taining the 121/2 inch vertical dimension. Several separate 8 x 121/2 pages may be used to continue a table. When more than one page is used to present a table or when there is significant relation- ship between columns in separate tables, in typing it is important to maintain alignment and space relationship of columns on all pages. Each page includes in the margin, as in text pages, the name of the agency of primary responsibility, date, clas- sification, NIS number and section number. 4. TABLE TITLES AND FIGURE NUMBERS Table titles (captions) are as brief as possible consistent with adequate indication of table con- tent. Date or dates are included in the title un- less table content is generalized or in itself provides adequate date information. The area or political name is incorporated when feasible, in adjective form ("Value of French imports, 1945-1950") or in noun form after substance of caption ("Land use, France, 1950"). The figure number which precedes each table title is comprised of the section number followed by a hyphen and the serial number of the table in Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS the sequence of all figures (including all tables 7. CONVENTIONAL ENTRIES and graphic items) within a section, according to caretted location in the submitted manuscript. 5. TABLE STUBS AND COLUMN HEADINGS Stubs (horizontal descriptive entries normally to the left of vertical columns of data) and column headings are carefully worded and coordinated. Proper selection and description of categories min- imizes footnotes and exceptions which require ex- planation. In general, the heading at the top of a column covers all material presented in the column with- out insertion of additional headings farther down the column. The same applies to side heads and lines of data. Where intermediate headings seem necessary, the material generally is presented as separate tables. However, related categories of items (such as apply to various weapons) may be usefully combined in a single table by making col- umn headings more comprehensive and using sub- headings in columns and/or indicating a general change in category. Preliminary consultation with D/B on such matters is advisable. 6. TABLE FOOTNOTES AND SOURCE REFER- ENCES Footnotes to tables are indicated by up to 3 asterisks and thereafter by up to 3 daggers (the typewriter symbol # is used for a dagger). These symbols are placed at the left of numerical column data, and at the right of headings, stubs, mixed or reading column data. Footnotes generally are typed double space, under the table, starting in- dented five spaces from left margin of table. The number of footnotes to tables is minimized by in- corporation of the material into related text when feasible, by careful phrasing of stubs and headings, by consolidation in a reduced number of footnotes, or by consolidation in a single NOTE carried as a footnote without symbol. When source reference or references are con- sidered necessary and apply for a table as a whole, they are indicated by "Data from Source 13 . . ." beginning at the left text margin and typed two spaces below a line at the bottom of the table proper. If a NOTE item is used it precedes the conventional abbreviation n a and explanation, if used (see conventional entries below), which in turn precedes any symbol footnotes. An entire table taken verbatim from a source (sometimes as the only available data, and not necessarily fully accepted by the contributor), is so indicated in re- lated text, by explanation within the table, or by footnote; in such cases it is generally desirable, so far as feasible, to follow the detailed format of the original material. To avoid blank spaces in columns of data, the following conventional entries are made as ap- propriate in table columns : I ... not applicable; no footnote used n a data not available, inadequate data, etc; n and a separated and underlined; until conventional is well established, explained as "Data not available", etc., in footnote 0 indicates zero quantity or reading in col- umns of uniform data such as weather statistics; no footnote used none used instead of 0 when data are not uni- form, e.g., to indicate known lack of pro- duction of a significant commodity; underline; no footnote used insig quantity too insignificant to record; underline; no footnote used When exceptional items in a column are esti- mated they are preceded by est in underlined lower case, unless symbol and footnote are preferable be- cause of an otherwise appreciably narrower column or exceptional items can be feasibly covered in other footnotes. Ditto marks are not used in tables. For this pur- pose do in underlined lower case is used. Gener- ally, identical entries in figure columns are re- peated. It is likewise desirable to repeat word en- tries which have significance. 8. STATISTICAL TOTALS When n a or insig are included with vertical or horizontal data entries for which a total is given that only moderately exceeds the sum of the specific entries, no footnote explanation may be required. However, when the total is exactly the sum of the specific figures, generally it is advisable to indicate that n a or similar items are not reflected in the total, e.g., "* Totals are of known data" or "approx." When totals are not identical with the sum of specific entries, because of rounding or dif- ferent sources, indicate by note, e.g., " (Tonnage) figures rounded to nearest (thousand) are not ad- ditive". 9. TABLE CONSTRUCTION Optimum clarity and usefulness require the care- ful construction of all tables in terms of the nature and purpose of the material and the characteris- tics of the NIS format. Column headings normally are typed and printed horizontally. They may be vertical when heading narrow columns of data or generally to facilitate publishing a table in minimum width. Superior or consolidating headings are centered over the appropriate individual column headings. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS To avoid repetition of units of measurement after items of latitude, longitude, time, distance, weight, etc., units of measurement (abbreviated as appro- priate) are put at the head of column, or centered over appropriate columns. Units common to an entire table (e.g., thousands of metric tons, or per- centage of population) are placed in parentheses beneath the table title. It is desirable, so far as practicable, for a series of tables dealing with common or closely related topics to be expressed in a uniform order of magni- tude of units of measurement, e.g., all in thousands of tons or hundreds of tons. Entries in all columns align horizontally with top line of the corresponding stub. Vertical columns of figures are aligned on the decimal point, dissimilar figures are centered in the column, and zeros precede the decimal in num- bers of less than 1. Examples of various figure items are : 1500 0.15 15.5-17.0 insig 30 (daily) Generally it is not desirable to carry a column in which there are no entries. Use of a column for isolated entries may be avoided by carrying the entries in a "Remarks" column or by consolidation in an explanatory note to the table. Tables generally should be constructed to avoid extensive use of full-length lines or rules between columns and particularly between horizontal en- tries. Lines or boxes around column headings pref- erably are omitted by contributors unless format is well established. Although contributors are not required to con- form to printing requirements when constructing tables, general consideration of such requirements facilitates publication of table material. A printed NIS single-column width accommodates approxi- mately 55 units of characters or spaces. A two- column page width takes approximately 115 units. A two-page spread takes approximately 230 char- acters or spaces. Two-page spreads tend to present page make-up problems in publication, including separation of tables from related text. Tables which must be viewed from the side of the page, and extended tables on fold-in inserts, generally are not desirable and are used only by arrangement with D/B. In constructing tables for normal col- umn or page-width publication, space allowance must be made for column headings which may be wider than figure entries in columns, and for stubs. When it is apparent that the maximum horizontal lines (allowing for column entries, column head- ings, stubs, footnote symbols, and adequate space between columns) will occupy more than the ap- proximate number of spaces available but will not utilize more than a nominal additional width, re- arrangement of the table warrants consideration. Vertical printing of heads is one device. When the number of columns exceeds the number of stub entries, the lay-out often may be reversed to make a longer but narrower table. When tables present problems not previously encountered, contributors are requested to consult D/B before final typing. D. Graphic specifications 1. GENERAL All graphic materials, such as photographs, maps, charts, graphs, and sketches, regardless of size, are (in addition to numbered tables) desig- nated as figures. Each figure carries a separate figure number comprised of the section number followed by hyphen and serial number of the figure in the sequence of all figures within the section. The page size of the printed NIS, including binding and other margins, is 91/4" by 121/8". The type is set in two 31/2" columns spaced 1/4" apart. Figures of column width are printed 31/2" wide, and 2-column figures are 71/4" wide. The maxi- mum height of such figures including space for caption is 93/4". All graphic items larger than page size are treated as fold-in inserts. The maximum paper size used for NIS inserts is 231/4" V x 393/4" H. The horizontal dimension normally includes a 91/4" apron. Figures are prepared to fit NIS indicated dimen- sions. Care is required in laying out correct pro- portions and in selecting sizes of symbols, patterns, lines, and lettering to allow for reduction com- mensurate with that permitted by other features of the figure. When a specific amount of reduc- tion is desired, it is so marked outside the border. Otherwise, the amount of reduction will be decided by D/B. All charts, graphs, maps and other graphic ma- terial to be printed with text are constructed as black and white linecut figures of page size or less. Photographs and other figures requiring halftone reproduction normally will be published on coated paper inserts of page size (excepting large pano- ramas or mosaics which may be run as fold-in in- serts), grouped immediately following text and table manuscript of each section. Multicolor graphics normally will be inserted at the end of each section. All figures, except insert maps, are accompanied by captions (in lower case and normal word capital- ization) which are carefully worded to be briefly but adequately descriptive. The first line of the caption carries the figure number followed by iden- tification of the subject or brief descriptive phrase; Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 succeeding lines add appropriate amplification, in- cluding direction of view and indication of the date (or absence thereof, by "Date unknown") of photo- graphs. Captions are firmly attached to figures, affixed to permit reading of the caption while view- ing the figure but not obscuring the figure image. Captions must be legible but need not be drafted since all captions are set in type. Charts or graphs do not carry titles or caption material (as distinct from explanatory legend ma- terial) within the figure image. In the case of a specially constructed chart or graph, source and date of information may be drafted within the figure. All insert maps carry the title, legend, source and date of source, and other essential caption in- formation drafted within the title box or neatline. Border information, indicated outside the map bor- der in non-photographic blue but not drafted be- cause it will be set in type, is as follows : Upper left corner-agency responsible for map content, and date to be carried by the section as a unit; center top-NIS Area number; upper right corner-classi- fication; lower left corner-file number and agency responsible for actual map construction (unless the latter is identical with material in upper left corner) ; center bottom-abbreviated map title; lower right corner-figure number. It is not necessary that all maps or photographs be oriented with north at the top, but the position of north is clearly indicated by means of a north arrow, coordinates, or caption. Names, symbols, and similar details of figures are oriented for read- ing from the bottom of the page. In exceptions where figures must be viewed from the side of the page, details of the figure are oriented for reading from the right-hand side of the page. Printed "stick-up" is preferred for symbols and lettering. However, Leroy lettering is permissible. Freehand lettering and symbols are to be avoided except in such instances as the inclusion of an ex- istent, printed map or sketch. It is frequently desirable for graphic material, such as large-scale aerials of airfields, to be ac- companied by small-scale line-cut orientation or location maps. 2. PHOTOGRAPHS Only clear and distinct photographs are accept- able, and original prints are supplied insofar as possible. Except where the original is unwieldy, prints are supplied at the same scale as originals, including suggested cropping to be undertaken in D/B processing. High-altitude aerial photographs carry a north arrow and bar scale drafted on the face of the print. When a photograph originally has foreign annota- tions on the face of the photograph, the annota- tions are retained and accompanied by translation or explanation. Where feasible, the translation is added to the face of the print in the form of a key or legend; where space is not available or a key or legend is not adequately descriptive, the transla- tion or explanation appears in the caption or on a separate typed sheet attached to each copy of the print. Instructions for selection and preparation of photographs are set forth in NIS supplementary in- structions. 3. MAPS All NIS maps are carefully selected and con- structed in terms of the purpose and subject ma- terial of a map or plan, content and positional in- tegration with text, suitability of color or other differentiation, and all feasible uniformity in lay- out, lettering, and other drafted elements. All maps have a neatline and border, a legend centered under the map title, a bar scale centered beneath the legend, and the classification centered beneath the scale. Legends clearly define all sym- bols not self-explanatory or generally understood from common usage. A direction indication, either coordinates or a north arrow, is included. Maps prepared as a series (e.g., port and town plans) have consistent treatment throughout in type style, zipatone patterns, title and legend layout. Non- varying plastic (e.g., dyrite, vinylite) is preferable for the construction of color plates, to facilitate accurate registry in printing. A map designed as a black and white line draw- ing, page size or less, is preferable for many NIS purposes because it can be printed adjacent to the related text. When information cannot be ade- quately presented in black and white, limited use of one additional color for such maps is possible, upon consultation with D/B. A Standard Base Map for each NIS Area is pre- pared and distributed by Geographic Division, (D/G), CIA in the following forms : Black and white and composite color copies on paper; compos- ite black line and black line copies of each color separation plate on plastic (dyrite). Specific in- structions concerning reduction, sizes, etc., are dis- tributed with the base map for each NIS Area. Contributors are responsible for drafting their own overlays, which are keyed to the base plates of NIS Standard Base Maps. In addition to the Standard Base Map a small- scale Page Size Base Map is prepared for each NIS Area. This map is available to contributors in black-line and non-photographic blue, paper copies. Black-line maps or color overlays are prepared by drafting directly on these bases. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 JUNE 1951 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS 25X1X7 For purposes where base maps are not applicable (such as port plans), contributors are responsible for compiling and constructing their own maps. Contributors lacking necessary cartographic facili- ties should consult D/B. Fold-in maps are printed with a page-size apron, to permit full view of the map as the text is read. This apron can be used for printing information additional to that contained in the legend, such as lists of installations or regions. Such informa- tion is submitted on a separate typewritten sheet, a copy of which is attached to each copy of the map. Printed material is not carried on the back of a map. 1. NIS SUPPLEMENT SPECIFICATIONS Preparation of text and graphic material for NIS Supplements generally conforms to the indi- cated procedures for other NIS material, with such modifications as are developed to meet the require- ments of the Supplements. 2. CLASSIFICATION AND CONTROL NIS textual material is classified independently by section. All pages of each section uniformly carry the highest classification of material in the section. All material, however, carries at least a RESTRICTED classification. Tables of contents, caption lists, all tables, and all graphics intended to be printed within text, carry the uniform section classification and are so stamped when submitted. Insert maps or other insert graphic items (includ- ing photographs) are not governed by the over-all classification, but are individually classified as ap- propriate. The agency of primary responsibility is required to indicate any control aspects of submitted ma- terial. All Comments on Principal Sources for all NIS are controlled for "U.S. Officials Only". Each page of that portion of manuscript is so stamped, top and bottom. The control for Comments on Prin- cipal Sources as such does not govern for related NIS material and need not be specified in the letter of transmittal. areas, as ppr v sp ci c y is e y the NIS Committee, are restricted by control for "U.S. Officials Only". All NIS material relating to such Areas, regardless of the content of the ma- terial, is correspondingly controlled. Each page of manuscript and each unit of graphic material is appropriately stamped, top and bottom. All such material delivered to D/B carries a cover sheet specifying control, and the control requirements also are indicated in the letter of transmittal. When any element or portions of NIS material (other than Comments on Principal Sources) are controlled for reasons other than the approved con- trol character of the Area, the entire section in- volved is controlled. Each page of manuscript and each unit of graphic material is appropriately stamped, top and bottom. All such material de- livered to D /B carries a cover sheet specifying con- trol, and the nature of and occasion for the con- trol requirements are indicated in the letter of transmittal. 3. TREATMENT OF NAMES Geographic names used in the NIS are those approved by the United States Board on Geo- graphic Names (BGN). Preliminary gazetteers are issued to contributors for use in the preparation of text and graphic materials. Pending publica- tion of a pertinent gazetteer, or in the case of names not covered by a published gazetteer, lists of names are submitted according to NIS supple- mentary instructions. English conventional names are used insofar as they are approved by BGN. The approved native name is added in parentheses the first time the conventional name is used in a section, and there- after as desirable for clarity. It is desirable to use the native name in parentheses after the conven- tional name on maps whenever practicable. Approved native names are used where conven- tional English names are not provided. Transla- tion of generic parts of native names (except when the meaning is apparent) is given, in parentheses or in running text if feasible, the first time a ge- neric appears in any segment of text. As a reader aid, English generics may be interspersed in text. All terms referring to man-made features, such as Small Boat Harbor, are in English. Military regions or other regions arbitrarily designated for convenience in presentation are in English and are not required to be identical with BGN approved versions. Consistency in the use of the conventional or the native name for the same feature is maintained throughout each chapter. In lists of towns and cities, coordinates are given for each of two or more places having identical names. 4. TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGY When scientific names are appropriately used in the interest of accuracy, if possible they are pre- ceded by a common name or common name ge- neric; e.g., the colon bacillus (Escherichia coli), malaria mosquitoes (Anopheles maculipennis, A. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 EDITORIAL INSTRUCTIONS hyracanus). The scientific names are enclosed in parentheses and marked for italics in every case. In a paragraph discussing malaria mosquitoes, however, italicized scientific names may be used without a preceding common name or generic. Scientific family names (names ending in -idae, as Stomatidae) are capitalized but not italicized. Special-use terms, such as names of military regions, are capitalized (e.g., the Kazakh Hill Country) to clearly maintain identity. 5. STATISTICAL DATA Statistical data normally are expressed either in U.S. units of measure or in the metric system, and are consistent within a section or the largest NIS unit feasible, except to conform with common usage, as in discussing 75 mm and 3" guns. All contributions, should clearly indicate what system is used, in tables as well as text. When different measurement systems unavoidably appear together in text (e.g., statute and nautical miles) they must be clearly differentiated. In the case of areas where available maps or charts use varying meas- urement systems, the text is expressed in U.S. units with metric conversion following in parenthe- ses, and accompanying maps using extensive metric annotations in their original form carry a conversion table. Both U.S. and other measure- ments may be given, as in the case of a table, when contributing to utility. Measurements are expressed in terms consistent with the, inherent or required degree of accuracy, (e.g., 2,340 miles of coast, 16' 61/4" bridge clear- ance). Conversions are exact when appropriate; a rounded original figure is not converted into an inconsistently exact figure; rounded conversions may be used with a modifying "about" or "approxi- mate". Units of measurement with varying mean- ings are clearly defined, e.g., statute miles or nau- tical miles, short tons or long tons. Both quan- tity and value may be given when useful for indi- cating relative importance. In financial data, conversion factors with date are included. 6. RETURN OF MATERIAL Detailed procedures governing the return of sub- mitted material are established in NIS supple- mentary instructions. 7. EDITORIAL STYLE Development of style for all forms of NIS content is a continuing and coordinated result of contribu- tor and D/B processing of the various types of ma- terial. For all matters of style not so developed, and not indicated by specific D/B instructions, the current Government Printing Office Style Manual governs. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS CHAPTER IX MAP AND CHART APPRAISAL Section 90 Introduction Section 91 Selected Maps, Charts, and Plans Section 92 Appraisal of Selected Maps, Charts, and Plans CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Washington, D. C. Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 CONFIDENTIAL MAP AND CHART APPRAISAL SECTION 90, A should be accompanied by illustra- tive maps showing 1) the extent and type of aerial photo coverage; 2) the geodetic evaluation of select- ed topographic map coverage on the basis of hori- zontal and vertical control; and 3) the extent, den- sity, and type of available and existing control. 1. DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF MAPPING ACTIVITIES a. OFFICIAL MAPPING b. FOREIGN MAPPING 2. GEODETIC SURVEYS 3. HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS 4. OCEANOGRAPHIC SURVEYS 5. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY B. Major mapping, charting, and aerial photo deficiencies Under heading B, discuss deficiencies in the mapping situation on the basis of mapping data and of published maps. 1. MAPPING DATA For mapping data, note especially inadequacies b. HYDROGRAPHIC AND OCEANOGRAPHIC SURVEYS c. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 2. PUBLISHED MAPS AND CHARTS For published maps and charts, note inadequa- cies in 1) topographic maps at various scales, 2) general, sailing, coastal, and approach charts and air charts at various scales, 3) maps and plans of port and air facilities, 4) maps and plans of towns, and 5) special subject maps. C.. Programs under way or projected State briefly under the headings listed below the salient features of mapping and related programs (including embossed maps and models) being undertaken or planned by local official agencies, by these agencies in cooperation with other gov- ernments, and by mapping agencies of other governments. Point out which of the deficiencies noted in SECTION 91, B will be eliminated or re- duced. Include an index map showing the projected coverage of specific mapping programs if signifi- cant. 1. OFFICIAL MAPPING 2. FOREIGN MAPPING Section 91. Selected Maps, Charts, and Plans SECTION 91 should include recommendations of maps, charts, plans, and models that best illustrate the individual subjects mentioned in the outline. All recommendations should be justified on the basis of accuracy, adequacy of detail and presenta- tion, utility, and availability, as indicated in SEC- TION 92. When appropriate, include brief state- ments of major limitations or deficiencies of all items recommended. Each contributing agency shall number consecutively (beginning with num- A. General The Coordinator will prepare a brief introduc- tion to the Section as a whole from contributions supplied by all contributors to SECTION 91. B. Physical maps, navigation charts, and plans of urban areas 1. GENERAL Make a general statement comparing physical maps, navigation charts, and plans of urban areas at various scales as to adequacy of content and completeness of areal coverage. ber 1) all items referred to in its contribution to CHAPTER IX, SECTION 92. Individual appraisals of each map or map series recommended are to be prepared by the responsible agency for inclusion in SECTION 92. See note in SECTION 92 for instruc- tions. In the recommendations, maps are to be identified briefly by content, title, publishing au- thority, or scale (as well as by item number) when first mentioned in a contribution. Thereafter, they may be identified by the item number alone. 2. TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND EMBOSSED MAPS Material included under this Subsection will vary. If embossed maps are available for a spe- cific area the heading as given above is to be used and is to be subdivided into a. Topographic Maps (which may be discussed as a unit or may be di- vided into subheadings on the basis of scale) and b. Embossed Maps. If no embossed maps are avail- able, heading B, 2 becomes Topographic Maps. Recommend the most useful large- and medium- scale maps available and the best English language map series obtainable in quantity in each scale Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Chapter IX- Map and Chart Appraisal OUTLINE A. General map, chart, and aerial photo D. Sociological, political, and economic maps 1. General B. coverage 1. Development and organization of mapping activities 2. Geodetic surveys 3. Hydrographic surveys 4. Oceanographic surveys 5. Aerial photography Major mapping, charting, and aerial E. 2. Sociological maps 3. Political maps 4. Economic maps Special armed forces maps 1. General 2. Army 3. Navy 4. Air Force C. SECTION 91. photography deficiencies 1. Mapping data 2. Published maps and charts Programs under way or projected 1. Official mapping 2. Foreign mapping SELECTED MAPS, CHARTS, AND PLANS F. SECTION 92. A. B. Molded relief models APPRAISAL OF SELECTED MAPS, CHARTS, AND PLANS General Physical maps, navigation charts, and plans of urban areas 1. Topographic maps 2. Terrain classification maps 3. Air and air facility charts B. C. Physical maps, navigation charts, and plans of urban areas 1. General 2. Topographic maps and embossed maps 3. Terrain classification maps 4. Air and air facility maps and charts 5. General, sailing, coasting, and ap- proach charts 6. Nearshore oceanographic charts and maps 7. Climatic maps 8. Plans and maps of urban areas Maps of transportation and commu- C. 4. General, sailing, coasting, and ap- proach charts 5. Nearshore oceanographic charts and maps 6. Climatic maps 7. Plans and maps of urban areas Maps of transportation and commu- nications 1. Railroad maps 2. Road maps 3. Waterways charts and maps 4. Harbor and port charts and maps 5. Air transport maps 6. Telecommunications and postal maps 7. Pipeline maps nications 1. General 2. Railroad maps 3. Road maps 4. Waterways charts and maps 5. Maps and charts of ports and har- bors 6. Air transport maps 7. Telecommunications and postal maps 8. Pipeline maps D. E. F. Sociological, political, and economic maps 1. Sociological maps 2. Political maps 3. Economic maps Special armed forces maps 1. Army 2. Navy 3. Air Force Molded relief models Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 Approved For Release 2005/05/12 : CIA-RDP79-01055A000200100001-7 CHAPTER IX OUTLINE GUIDE The outline presented for NIS CHAPTER IX is de- signed to provide a basis for the appraisal of the mapping program and all types of maps (including embossed maps), charts, and molded relief models that are customarily available for any spe- cific country. Many of the countries included in the NIS schedule, however, have no adequate mapping programs or are not satisfactorily covered by maps of all types. For this reason, it is desirable that the outline be kept flexible enough to be adapted to any unusual situation that authors of CHAPTER IX may encounter. Every heading in the outline, however, must be considered by the authors and be retained without revision unless changes are first approved by the Chapter Coordinator. The two examples given below illustrate the type of changes in the outline that are legitimate : 1) In a few areas (such as Iceland), SECTION 91, D, 3, a, International Boundary Maps, is not applicable. In such a case, the situation should be noted in Section 91, D, 1, General; the international bound- ary heading would then be omitted and 91, D, 3, b would automatically become 91, D, 3, a. 2) For many areas, no embossed maps are available. If this is the case, 91, B, 2 becomes topographic maps, and subheadings a and b are omitted. 3) The heading, Obsolete Maps, which does not occur in the outline, may be inserted under any topic if the contributing agency considers it necessary to warn users against specific widely used or apparently au- thoritative maps. Maps prepared for other NIS Chapters are to be included in the recommendations and appraisals in CHAPTER IX, SECTIONS 91 and 92, even though the chapters for which the maps were prepared have not yet been published. Historical maps are not to be recommended or evaluated in CHAPTER IX un- less they can be justified as contributing in some important manner to an understanding of the cur- rent situation in the country under consideration. For example, a map of 1850 international bound- aries should be discussed only if current territorial claims are based on 1850 boundaries. Approved BGN spellings will be used for all place names in CHAPTER IX, when published, unless the names appear in the titles of maps or books cited. The preface of CHAPTER IX is a short "Guide to Users", which will be prepared by the Chapter Co- ordinator. In the Guide, the Coordinator will note : The structure of CHAPTER IX-its division into: a) a general analysis of the mapping situation of a given country, b) recommendations of the best maps available for specific uses, and c) appraisals of all maps recommended. That only the best maps for various purposes have been included. That the omission of a topic usually covered by maps indicates that maps on this topic are either unsatisfactory or not available. That maps prepared for other Chapters of NIS will not be considered in SECTION 91 unless they are also appraised in SECTION 92. The research cut-off date for each of the contribu- tions to CHAPTER IX. Other information needed for an understanding of CHAPTER IX for the specific country under con- sideration but not generally applicable to other countries. Section 90. Introduction A. General map, chart, and aerial photo cov- erage The five subsections listed below are discussed under this heading. In the first, give briefly the history and current status of official mapping, within the country and note the contributions of foreign countries to the mapping program. In Subsections 2 through 5, the basic geodetic, hydrographic, oceanographic, and aerial photo data for mapping are to be described. Since these topics are not covered elsewhere in CHAPTER IX, it may be necessary to consider some of them in greater detail than other topics in SECTION 90. SECTION 90, A, 2, Geodetic Surveys, in particular, is basic for estimating the reliability of a large number of the maps mentioned in CHAPTER IX. 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