WEEKLY SUMMARY

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4
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RIPPUB
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S
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30
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December 20, 2016
Document Release Date: 
March 23, 2006
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1
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Publication Date: 
November 5, 1965
Content Type: 
SUMMARY
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2007/03/07: CIA-RDP79-00927A00 130001-4 f.CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGE OFFICE OF CURRENT INTELLIGENCE State Dept. review completed RECUxba OE~TER c soy IATZjy AFTER Us B%-j Approved For Release 2007/ 3/0` -00977A0050001 OO0i1 4xc huded from' out?rrati c downgrading and deckassification 25X1 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For Releava2007/03/07 & R ,00927A005Qp130001-4 (Information as of noon EST, 4 November 1965) VIETNAM There have been no major Viet Cong initiatives since last week's sabotage effort against US air installations at Da Nang and Chu Lai, but reports of infiltration by additional North Vietnamese units and of regrouping of Communist forces in the I, II, and III Corps areas may foreshadow new large-scale activity. Vietnamese Com- munist propaganda is showing sensitivity over the growing number of reports implying that the US buildup is taking the military initiative from the Viet Cong. Hanoi's defensive tone probably reflects to some extent the mixed advice it is getting from its allies. The Communist World PROGRESS OF THE SOVIET MILITARY AID PROGRAM Soviet efforts to fulfill this year's arms agreements are reflected in a recent surge of military cargo de- liveries, and the flow is expected to increase further to meet year-end quotas. Asia-Africa AFRO-ASIAN CONFERENCE SEEMS OFF FOR GOOD Indefinitely postponed from 5_ November chiefly at the insistence of the Chinese, it is unlikely to be backed again by many non-Communist nations. Peking's heavy- handed pressure tactics probably cost it prestige in Africa. INDONESIAN ARMY PRESSES CAMPAIGN AGAINST COMMUNISTS While fighting armed Communists in Central Java and fostering criticism of Foreign Minister Subandrio and the Chinese Communists, the army is Still avoiding any open break with President Sukarno. SECRET Page Approved For Rkelfase 2007/01/R IA #''b0927A@0 f01C3U001-4 Approvor Release2007/ .,CIA-RDP7927A005000130001-4 INDIA AND PAKISTAN IN ECONOMIC SHIFTS 10 They are giving higher priority to defense needs at the expense of economic programs. Moscow is suggesting it may give more economic aid to Pakistan. Minor cease- fire violations continue. 11 US ROLE AT ISSUE IN OKINAWAN ELECTIONS ON 14 NOVEMBER All parties are urging that the chief executive of the Ryukyuan Government be popularly elected rather than ap- pointed by the US. LAOTIAN MILITARY SITUATION STABILIZING 12 Limited rightist offensive operations continue in the north, but the Communists' truck traffic both there and in the south appears to be resuming with the end of the rainy season. REFORM PROGRESS AT STAKE IN 9 NOVEMBER PHILIPPINE ELECTION 12 Both President Diosdado Macapagal, seeking re-election, and his main challenger, Ferdinand Marcos, are Western oriented. The winner's ability to institute needed reforms will be limited by a closely balanced Congress. IRANIAN - SOVIET BLOC ECONOMIC RELATIONS EXPAND 15 This trend will probably continue at a very gradual pace. It offers Iran, besides commercial advantages, the chance to demonstrate some freedom of action despite its close Western ties, and it enhances the USSR's ef- fort to encourage an "independent" nonalignment in Iran. RHODESIAN INDEPENDENCE AGAIN DELAYED 16 The agreement on a joint Rhodesian-British Royal Com- mission has put off Salisbury's threatened unilateral declaration for the moment, but radicals in the Rhodesian governing party may upset the arrangement. TRIBAL TENSIONS REMAIN HIGH IN BURUNDI 17 The King's departure for an extended stay in Europe opens the way for the extremist anti-Western leaders of the Tutsi minority to bid for power. Europe EEC COUNCIL MEETS AS FRENCH BOYCOTT CONTINUES At last week's meeting, the five participates EEC members held out concessions aimed at inducing France to re- occupy its empty chair, but they also laid the basis for proceeding if need be as an interim community of five. SECRET ApprovWorjF elease*22 p$/Q7UMMRDP79-(WR7140@?000130001-4 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 Wj00927A005QQ130001-4 FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER'S VISIT TO MOSCOW The growing French-Soviet contacts serve the foreign policy interests of both sides to some extent, but there appears to be little prospect at present of an entente that would seriously affect East-West issues. SOME PROGRESS MADE IN NATO-MALTA RELATIONS The NATO resolution accepted by Malta last week is a step toward an eventual permanent association and strengthens an earlier tentative agreement to keep NATO's top Mediterranean naval headquarters in the new island nation. Western Hemisphere THIS WEEK IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 22 The government is planning to make some changes in the military high command and to send leading rebels into diplomatic exile--moves that may improve the outlook for short-term political stability. The most serious obstacle is still the attitude of military leaders. BRAZILIAN PRESIDENT USING BROAD NEW POWERS CAUTIOUSLY 24 Castello Branco apparently intends to achieve his goals by persuasion, where possible. Administration leaders emphasize that there will be no intervention in the state governments or removal of congressmen "unless demanded by the situation." SECRET Page iii WEEKLY AMR ~I Approved For Release 2007/03/07: CI0927A~050R130001-4 Approved For Relea 2007/03/07 : SJffF"0927A005p130001-4 Reports of infiltration by additional North Vietnamese (PAVN) units into South Viet- nam and of regrouping of enemy forces in the I, II, and III Corps areas may foreshadow large- scale Communist activity. The three regiments of the PAVN 325th Division, believed to have been operating in the central highlands area of South Vietnam during the summer months, have moved into the coastal provinces of Binh Dinh and Phu Yen and into Quang Duc Province. Within the last two months, they have been augmented by the ar- rival from the DRV of one and possibly two PAVN regiments now located in Pleiku Province, and another regiment in Quang Duc Province. Other reports have pointed to the continuing presence of a sizable Communist force in the Ba Long valley area of Quang Tri Province, recently the scene of an unsuccessful Viet Cong - multibattalion attack. There have been no major Communist military initiatives since the Viet Cong's sabotage effort directed at US Marine air installations at Da Nang and Chu Lai on 27-28 October. On 30 October US troops killed more than 50 Viet Cong during an attempted night attack by several enemy companies against the main air base at Da Nang. In the central highlands area, elements of the First US Cavalry Division conducting clearing operations near the Plei Me Spe- cial Forces camp suffered only light losses while killing some 95 Communist troops and captur- ing 40 others on 31 October and 1 November. Elsewhere, major US and Vietnamese operations continued without significant enemy contact, but Viet Cong terrorism and small-scale sabo- tage remained widespread. North Vietnamese Air Defense US Air Force and Navy air- craft provoked a vigorous but unsuccessful defensive effort by North Vietnamese missile and antiaircraft artillery instal- lations on 31 October in the vicinity of Kep. Strike air- craft completely demolished a major highway bridge and heavily damaged three SAM sites. Some 13 missiles were fired at US aircraft but all missed their mark. The spirited defense put up by the Vietnamese underscores their concern over keeping open the vital lines of communication between Hanoi and China. ,pp SECRET Approved For Re affse 1007/03 1 1 -F 4 927A8O CY01%001-4 Approv or Release 2J gWgW CIA-RDP79 27A005000130001-4 Pei-t'un + +. K'un-ming rr.?~ g :,~?.,r?Lf~'.{LaoCai Ning-mi gan-mn Lang Sony ding-hsiang t NORTH Mao-ming Phong VIETNAM S ' ?- L??S ay on La . ?,~ Key Sui-ch i . BUR.i Phuc Yen Fort Bayard Samneua. '`'HANUi ,t.7 L A O S c ? Luang Prabang f *Thanh Hoa / J ontum An Khe riei rv )SOUTH `VIETNAM ., Nha Trang S `~?~ ~Vinh VIENTIANE 1 25th 1' 'vision] CAPITAL -A..k ? ?Da Nang The Indochina -South China Area ,- South Vietnamese military boundaries ,r \ a 21st -Davisik Heng-yang 4. Lei-yang J Grh Division Rung Sat Special Zone (VNN) 25X1 Approved For Release 200$1631 CiA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 Approved For Releaee 2007/03/0 T=RQI 79-00927A00 130001-4 Hanoi Defends VC Capabilities Vietnamese Communist propa- ganda is showing some sensitivity over the growing number of re- ports which imply that the US build-up in South Vietnam is taking the military initiative from the Viet Cong. Last week Hanoi took special pains to refute allegations that the Viet Cong's monsoon cam- paign was a failure, calling the claims a "propaganda stunt." According to Hanoi, the VC have been achieving spectacular victories regularly in all types of climate and further disastrous defeats are in store for the US and South Vietnamese forces as dry weather settles in for the next few months over much of South Vietnam. Radio Hanoi played up last week's attacks on Plei Me, Chu Lai, and Da Nang as proof that the Communists still retain the military initiative and that they had not been reduced to "Just hit-and-run guerrilla skirmishes." The defensive tone of this propaganda is apparently not solely a reaction to West- ern press reports. It prob- ably also reflects the mixed advice that Hanoi is getting from its Communist allies. The East European press last week ran several commen- taries which cast some oblique aspersions on Viet Cong in- vincibility. On 25 October a Sofia daily claimed that with the passing of the monsoon sea- son, the Communists had lost a tactical advantage. The paper contrasted the great en- ergy of the Americans in wag- ing defensive operations dur- ing the monsoon season with the small unit operations of the guerrillas. The article was implicitly critical of this strategy, noting that the guer- rillas "did not commit them- selves to large operative tasks." A series of eyewitness reports on Vietnam by a Hun- garian correspondent also pre- sented a rather sober assess- ment of the Communist mili- tary situation. Although the commentary routinely argued that there can be no doubt of the final victory of the Viet- namese insurgents, it also im- plicitly warned that the dura- tion and cost of the conflict must eventually affect North Vietnam as well as the US. Mos- cow's commentary has been more in line with Hanoi's public stance. The Chinese Communists have not generated any signifi- cant original comment on the individual battles in South Vietnam for some time. Chinese propaganda has for the most part SECRET Approved For 81@ale 20071 .YCMMBM-00925AMf06J5130001-4 Approved Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00A005000130001-4 fflmml~ SE CRE T been limited to a selective rebroadcasting of DRV material. This contrasts with the trend last summer when Chinese propa- ganda was loudly touting the alleged Communist victories at Song Be and other sites. Peking has, however, con- tinued to use the Vietnamese war as an issue in its dispute with Moscow and to charge So- viet collaboration with the US to "sell out the Vietnamese people." In support of the Soviets, Hungary and Czechoslo- vakia have increased their at- tacks on Peking's Vietnam pol- icy. Radio Prague last week called Peking's advice to con- tinue the war despite its present costs an "example of China's unrealistic and war seeking pol- icies." PROGRESS OF THE SOVIET MILITARY AID PROGRAM A recent surge in deliv- eries of military cargoes abroad reflects Soviet efforts to fulfill arms pacts con- cluded in the past year. The flow is expected to increase further as shippers try as usual to meet their year-end quotas. In recent weeks three shiploads of military materiel plus a subchaser have arrived in Algeria. These shipments-- probably largely arranged by Colonel Boumedienne when he visited Moscow last May--sup- plement materiel provided under the original 1963 arms pact. In addition to acquiring late- model rocket launchers, armored cars, and artillery, Algeria will be able to strengthen its air defense with newly received surface-to-air missiles, which were displayed in the 1 November military parade in Algiers. SECRET Apprc d of# Relea?Wllgb*R09J4-RDP.79 26rA005000130001-4 Approved For Release 2007/03/(PEG 79-00927AOOSW0130001-4 More naval ships and aircraft-- possibly SU-7 jet fighter-bomb- ers--may arrive soon. Military deliveries to Egypt under the massive arms pact of November 1964 are pick- ing up. Soviet ships recently have delivered new artillery and tanks, and a second ship- ment of SU-7 aircraft is be- lieved to have arrived last week. Deliveries to Yemen under the July military aid arrange- ment are expected to continue. The most recent shipment in mid- October included two P-6 motor- torpedo boats. No major shipments to Iraq have taken place this year, but the army deputy chief of staff declared Iraq would shortly re- ceive a "number of most modern MIG aircraft." He was probably referring to the 20 MIG-21 all- weather fighters ordered in June 1964. Negotiations with Indi2 have continued throughout the SECRET Kashmir crisis. More tanks and artillery are to be delivered by the end of this year and ad- ditional MIG-21 aircraft are expected to be shipped by Janu- ary. Indian arms missions are still scurrying to Moscow--one recently ordered T-55 tanks-- and delivery dates for planes and ground equipment scheduled for 1966 may be advanced. New delivery schedules for military equipment to Indonesia also may be set whenever the political situation there sta- bilizes. Moscow had agreed to delivery in 1965 of all-weather MIG-21 aircraft, naval vessels, and AN-12 transports. Shipments elsewhere have been spotty. Small naval ves- sels have been delivered to various African countries i Moreover, the Cuban defense min- ister, now in Moscow, may be pushing for more shipments to Havana. This year only three ships have delivered full mili- 25X1 tary cargoes to Cuba, just enough to maintain the Soviet military aid program. Page 5 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 25X1 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For, lease 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-0092705000130001-4 SECRET Asia-Africa With the indefinite post- ponement of the second Afro-Asian Conference, which was to begin on 5 November in Algiers, it now is doubtful that such a meeting will be held any time in the foreseeable future. During their preconference consultations in Algiers from 28 October to 2 November, African and Asian foreign ministers were in sharp disagreement on a wide range of issues. Many of their governments, moreover, had long been lukewarm to a chiefs-of- state gathering. Faced with China's boycott and the prospect of many absentees, the foreign ministers proposed that the sum- mit conference be put off until conditions were "more favorable." As a face-saving device, they recommended that the conference be convened in Algiers at "a date to be fixed later," and that a 15-nation preparatory com- mittee be set up. The ministers failed to set- tle the question of Soviet par- ticipation. This issue is likely to recur in any future discus- sions of a conference. Peking will remain adamantly opposed, especially in view of what the Chinese must see as the success of their obstinacy ir. demanding the postponement. The postponement is a Pyr- rhic victory for Peking. Because of its heavy-handed pressure tac- tics, China's relations with some African countries,particu- larly Algeria, will probably be cool for some time. The Chinese antagonized a number of African leaders, and may have raised doubts throughout Africa about whether China is really interested in an Afro-Asian movement unless it can have the controlling voice. Many African moderates have long doubted the value of any kind of Afro-Asian confer- ence and may come to see meet- ings of the Organization of African Unity as more useful than large gatherings where East- West and Sino-Soviet rivalries are likely to be injected. The decision to call off the conference probably comes as a relief to the Algerians. While the Boumedienne government fulfilled its role as host by completing the necessary physical preparations begun by the Ben Bella regime, Premier Boumedienne himself reportedly was never en- thusiastic and appeared eager to get it out of the way and move ahead on Algeria's many in- ternal problems. With the need to maintain an atmosphere of stability now removed, he may reshuffle his cabinet to broaden the regimd's base. Among those mentioned as possible losers is Foreign Minister Bouteflika, a strong supporter of Boumedienne in the coup against Ben Bella. Differences have reportedly arisen between the two men, due in part at least to Bouteflika's efforts to hold the conference on schedule. SECRET Page 8 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 :,9L0@9100927A00SQp0130001-4 INDONESIAN ARMY PRESSES CAMPAIGN AGAINST COMMUNISTS The Indonesian Communists' armed opposition to the army con- tinues to mount. The army, mean- while, is still avoiding any direct criticism of President Sukarno but is pressing its campaign against Foreign Minister Suba.ndrio and Chi- nese Communist influence. In Central Java, the Commu- nists' stronghold, the army claims to have killed, captured, or ar- rested hundreds of Communist youths. On 1 November it scored a major psychological gain when Sukarno confirmed the earlier declaration of a "state of war" by the provin- cial military command. This was Sukarno's first public acknowledg- ment of armed Communist activity. The army is nevertheless handi- capped by its doubts about the loyalty of its troops in Central Java. According to the US Embassy, military leaders are uncertain about eight of the 19 combat bat- talions in that province. Loyal troops are being sent in from Su- matra and Borneo and questionable units transferred out. The campaign against Subandrio is gaining momentum. On 29 Octo- ber a. Djakarta Muslim newspaper and a Muslim political party called for his expulsion from the cabinet. On 3 November army commander Su- harto stated that Suba.ndrio's Cen- tral Intelligence Bureau ultimately would be "coordinated" with the army-controlled Supreme Operations Command. In its anti-Chinese efforts, the army inspired a demonstration of some 100,000 persons against Peking's consulate in Medan, North Sumatra, on 2 November. A petition was presented protesting alleged Chinese support for the 30 Septem- ber movement, and the crowd tore down the flag and consular shield. In an even sharper break with past policy, the army had already sus- pended all exports to Communist China. This has not yet been an- nounced in the press, possibly be- cause Sukarno has not been con- sulted or, if consulted, did not agree. Army leaders believe that continuation of the present un- settled conditions will facilitate its suppression of the Communists, but still feel obliged to pay lip service to Suka.rno's role in view of his unrivaled political posi- tion. Thus, on 30 October Suharto publicly stated that the army would unreservedly respect Sukar- no's decision with respect to a political settlement,but obliquely criticized him by adding that a "gloomy social-economic atmos- phere--created beforehand" had contributed to the current unrest. Former air force chief Mar- shal Dani, who was deeply involved in the 30 September plot, arrived in Amsterdam on a purchasing mis- sion on 30 October. By earlier reports the army had returned him to Djakarta and placed him under detention. SECRET Page 9 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approve#tbr Releaap 2QQ7/Ap7 : CIA-RDP79-60J27AO05000130001-4 INDIA AND PAKISTAN IN ECONOMIC SHIFTS India and Pakistan each con- tinue to report minor cease-fire violations, but both countries now are turning their attention to the political aspects of their dispute and to budgetary adjust- ments impelled by the recent fighting. At the UN, lack of unanimity in the UN Security Council has blocked any new resolution call- ing for strict observance of the cease-fire and withdrawal of the opposing armies to posi- tions held prior to 5 August. A deadlock has developed on a result of Soviet efforts to limit the secretary general `s authority by putting a three- month limit on the newly re- cruited UN observer mission along the Indo=Pakistan border. The Pakistani Government appears to be adopting a some- what less instransigent position toward a political settlement. It may be reacting to the gen- eral deterioration of its mili- tary position caused largely by the termination of US military assistance. In speeches on 27 October and 1 November, Presi- dent Ayub did not repeat pre- vious demands for a plebiscite for Kashmir but stressed the need for India and Pakistan to live in peace on terms "honor- able" to both countries. A high Pakistani official termed the first speech a "carefully phrased olive branch to India." Economic dislocations, caused in part at least by the recent conflict and resultant loss or reduction of foreign military and economic assistance, continue to be felt in both countries. Although Indian of- ficials state that no decision to increase the military budget has yet been taken, it appears that the Indians have in fact decided that defense and defense- related expenditures will be accorded higher priority in the future than civilian- oriented development projects. On 29 October, Rawalpindi an- nounced that $166 million would be diverted for defense needs from the $886 million originally programed for economic develop- ment in the year ending June 1966. Pakistan may benefit from further Soviet aid to its third five-year plan (1965-1970). Before hostilities broke out, the Soviets reportedly had of- fered "substantial assistance" and in recent weeks several Soviet delegations have been discussing a wide range of pos- sible aid projects. The USSR may hope that eco- nomic aid offers will encourage Pakistan to pursue a course more independent of the West and particularly China. How- ever, the scope of any further Soviet aid to Pakistan will be tempered by Moscow's recognition SECRET ApproVCVgo~42eleffM7/~~ CIA-Rb~00927A005000130001-4 Approved For Rgase 2007/Qgpr7-C-IZDP79-009275000130001-4 that meaningful political divi- dends would flow only if it simultaneously decreased its support of India--still a key- stone of Soviet policy in South Asia. For several years the Soviets have provided large- scale economic and military aid to India. Pakistan is not known to have received any significant Communist military aid., While Peking has engaged in military talks with Rawalpindi, it prob- ably could not sustain a military aid program that would be attrac~ tive to the Pakistanis. US ROLE AT ISSUE IN OKINAWAN ELECTIONS ON 14 NOVEMBER The 14 November triennial election for the Ryukyuan legis- lature has assumed importance chiefly for its bearing on the subsequent selection of the chief executive of the government on Okinawa. All parties are pressing for popular election of this official rather than, as at present, his appointment by the US administration following nomination by the Ryukyuan leg- islature. The conservative ma- ~jority party, the Democratic Party (DP), had earlier expressed to US authorities its willing- ness to accept temporarily a system of indirect election by the legislature. After the elec- tion,however, the party may feel obliged to oppose this be- cause of its participation in the campaign clamor for his public election. A leftist coalition is fo- cusing on the chief-executive question in challenging the DP's control of the legislature, which is being expanded from 29 to 32 seats. With 18 seats needed for SECRET Page 11 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 a working majority, political observers favor the DP to win 16, and believe it has a fight- ing chance for five more. Its chief rival, the Okinawa Social- ist Masses Party (OSMP), is rela- tively moderate in orientation and holds only seven seats but now is working with the smaller, radical Socialist Party and the Communist-controlled People's Party to elect a leftist majority. The triparty coalition arrange- ment has not been achieved in all districts, but it is strengthen- ing the prospects of leftists in several close races. Leftist success in denying the DP a working majority would aggravate the US administration's problems in dealing with the leg- islature. Although US executive orders empower the US high com- missioner to override an impasse in the legislature, exercising this authority could embroil Ja- pan in the situation. Japan's ruling Liberal Democrats feel po- litically compelled to support in principle the extension of Ryukyuan autonomy. Approved F release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-009005000130001-4 SECRET The military situation in Laos appears generally to be stabil- ized, with only limited rightist offensive operations continuing in the north. North of the Plaine des Jarres, regular and Meo guerrilla forces under the command of General Vang Pao are expanding their area of control along Route 6 between Ban Ban and Samneua. Only a few months ago these forces were compressed in the area immediately surround- ing Na Khang, a key Meo strong- point in the hills north of Ban Ban. Since then, Vang Pao has moved his forces north past Hua Muong, and in recent weeks has pushed south to recapture posi- tions at Houei Sa An and Muong Kha o . The Communists, however, may be beefing up their forces for countermoves in the area. Sup- plies have been spotted moving north from Ban Ban, and there are indications that Route 7--closed since the beginning of the rainy season last June--may be open for limited truck movement from North Vietnam. Sizable truck convoys were seen moving near Ban Ban at the end of October. In other areas where govern- ment troops have recently been engaged in clearing operations against the Communists,there has been little conflict and the posi- tions have stabilized. Rightist units west of Luang Prabang are con- solidating their hold on the north- ern bank of the Mekong following re- cently concluded mopping-up opera-- tious. In central Laos, government forces have concluded a clearing op- eration north of Thakhek and now are positioned on the west bank of the Nam Theun River. The air force continues to play an important role in govern- ment operations, averaging about 150 attack sorties a week over the past few months. Originally assigned a bombing role to counter Communist attacks on the Plaine des Jarres in the spring of 1964, it has since ex- panded its attack operations to al- most all of the Pathet Lao - con- trolled territory. In the panhandle, there is fragmentary information suggesting that the North Vietnamese have re- sumed at least :Limited truck resup- ply operations. Recent photography has indicated that the Mu Gia Pass is open for trucks and that a road net leading southward--including several new roads--may be almost ready to carry through truck traf- fic to the South Vietnamese border area. The Philippine elections of 9 November are expected to be close, but no major foreign or do- mestic policy differences among the candidates have emerged dur- ing the campaign. In the presiden- tial contest, some 9 million voters will choose between the incumbent, Diosdado Macapagal of the Liberal Party (LP), and Senate President SECRET 25X1 25X1 2gX1 Approved dI?ase VA? /t DP-9-bIM7 05000130001-4 SECRET Annrnvarl For Rata^~a 9nn7/n4/n7 ? !`IA_GIlD7~_nn~77AAjQnIi ggn PLANE DES JARRES -~- IOD Kilometers Ching-hsi Iv. C H I N A eOUN ARY REPRESENTATION NAMES AID ARE NOT NGC G96ARIL Y AUTTHHOO.RITATIVE Mopg Cai DAO CAI BAN Haiphong. DAO CAT BA ' Ban ,Thateng Approved or a ease 2007/03/07 : CISECRE00927A005000130001-4 i Demarcation Line ?Dong Ha Approved Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-0A005000130001-4 SECRET Ferdinand Marcos of the Naciona- LP is given the edge in the con- lista Party (NP). Raul Mangla- ( test for the House because of pus, candidate of the Party of the generally stronger position Philippine Progress, is expected of incumbent congressmen and to run a poor third. All three the superior resources of the are committed to continued close Macapagal administration. relations with the United States and the West. Because of the lack of fund- amental policy differences at- tention is being focused prin- cipally on Macapagal's record and the personal qualifications of Marcos. Marcos charges the Macapagal administration with broken promises, high prices, graft, and corruption. He also criticizes Macapagal for inade- quate maintenance of law and or- der that has resulted in in- creased smuggling and crime. In turn, Macapagal points to his land-reform law and the avail- ability of low-priced rice, and accuses the Nacionalista-con- trolled Senate of obstructing much of his promised reform pro- gram. Macapagal alleges that Marcos is corrupt and a murderer. Also at stake are the vice- presidency, one third of the Senate's 24 seats, and all 104 seats in the House of Representa- tives. The LP's Senator Gerardo Roxas is expected to win the vice-presidency, although a sub- stantial victory by Marcos might carry his running mate, Senator Fernando Lopez, with him. A 4-4 division ~Lf the eight con- tested Senate seats between the LP and NP is indicated by a pub- lic opinion survey, and would leave the Nacionalistas with a slim margin of control. The Whatever the outcome, the inclination and ability of the winner to institute socioeco- nomic reforms will determine the future course of Philippine politics and the country's con- tinued stability. Without re- forms, public discontent will increase and be subject to ex- ploitation by leftist elements, which now are insignificant. Macapagal's record in this re- gard is no better than fair, at least partly because of the Nacionalistas' control of the Senate. Marcos, too, however good his intentions, would prob- ably be initially handicapped by a need to work with a Lib- eral-dominated House. Philippine election cam- paigns traditionally have been attended by violence, and re- ports of politically inspired incidents are increasing, with some 30 persons killed thus far. Macapagal has expressed a fear that Marcos will foment civil war if he is defeated. As a precautionary measure, the con- stabulary was placed on partial alert on 2 November and will advance to full alert two days before the election. The armed forces are prepared to take ac- tion if major violence threat- ens. SECRET Approved'6.ge RL-leas eW AH3l MMMWRDP39M62TA005000130001-4 Approved For Rel se 2007/0!Yk]CREIbP79-00927A0Q900130001-4 IRANIAN - SOVIET BLOC ECONOMIC RELATIONS EXPAND The Soviet bloc, which has long pressed Iran to expand eco- nomic ties, has achieved some success. Iran has accepted a long- standing Soviet offer to con- struct a steel plant, and in early October initialed an agree- ment that provides also for the construction of a machine-tool factory and a gas pipeline. De- tails of the projects and the amount of Soviet credit involved remain to be worked out. A high-level Rumanian trade delegation that recently visited Tehran concluded a ten-year agreement for an exchange of $100 million each way. Rumania ap- parently obtained an Iranian com- mitment to supply 3 million tons of crude oil--the first to be ex- ported to a bloc country by Iran. For its part, Rumania reportedly is to deliver a cement plant and petroleum equipment, including a small refinery. Prior to 1963 when a Soviet credit offer of $39 million was accepted, Iran showed little interest in bloc overtures and the only bloc-sponsored projects in the country were two sugar refineries built by Poland un- der credits of about $6 million. The Soviet-Iranian economic and technical cooperation agree- ment of July 1963 paved the way for closer ties. It provided for Soviet assistance for the construction of a dam on the Aras River, the construction of a number of grain silos, and the development of Caspian Sea fish hatcheries. Although there ap- pears to have been little prog- ress in the grain silo or fish- ery projects, work is going for- ward on the dam, which will prob- ably take six years to complete. This agreement was followed by Iranian acceptance of long- standing credit offers by Poland of $15 million in early 1964 and by Hungary of $10 million in May 1965. To date, however, little use has been made of these cred- its. Moscow's aid program in Iran is part of a continuing effort to enhance the USSR's influence in the pro-Western countries along its southern border and to en- courage them to pursue an "inde- pendent" nonaligned foreign pol- icy. Moscow does not anticipate any quick political dividends. As for Iran, the general lessening of tensions between the Soviet bloc and the West and the feeling that the USSR no longer constitutes an immediate threat has led Tehran to welcome bloc initiatives. Aside from the commercial advantages, ac- ceptance of bloc aid enables the Shah to demonstrate that he re- tains freedom of action despite his ties with the West. In any case, any significant further increase in bloc activities in Iran is likel to be 1 gradual. SECRET Page 15 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 Approved Felease 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-009005000130001-4 SECRET A last-minute agreement by Prime Ministers Smith and Wilson to establish a joint Royal Com- mission has again delayed the threatened Rhodesian unilateral declaration of independence (UDI), but the two sides are as far apart as ever on the crucial issue of progress toward rule by Rhode- sia's African majority. At the end of five days of talks in Salisbury, Wilson ad- vanced the idea of a commission, evidently in an effort to gain more time and to allow an aware- ness of the economic consequences of UDI to slow the Rhodesian radicals' headlong rush toward independence. The final agree- ment resulted from the desire of both governments to avoid the onus for a final breakdown in negotiations. The three-man commission, composed of the Rhode- sian chief justice and Rhode- sian and UK appointees, would be charged with deciding whether the 1961 constitution, "with ad- justments to make the country independent," would be acceptable to the people as a whole. To break the deadlock be- tween the two governments over what these "adjustments" might be, Wilson agreed to Smith's de- mand that the commission present the present constitution, with only token revisions, to the people. Wilson made it clear, however, that the UK still be- lieves this constitution is an unacceptable basis for independ- ence. He reserved the right to renounce the method adopted by the commission for canvassing Rhodesian opinion, and would not commit his government to accept- ing the commission's final report. On the most vital point at issue, Smith continues to make it clear that the white Rhodesians will determine the pace of African political advancement. He prob- ably would still prefer, if pos- sible, to attain independence with Britain's blessing rather than provoke economic and polit- ical retaliation, but is under heavy pressure from the majority of his Rhodesia Front party. The US Consulate in Salisbury fears that he may not be able to hold this group in line for longer than a week, and so be forced either to pronounce the commission a failure and declare UDI, or to resign his office. The leaders of Rhodesia's divided African nationalist move- ment have not modified signifi- cantly their demand for majority rule before independence. Indica- tions are that they will refuse to cooperate with the commission, particularly since Smith would not permit them to participate freely in a nationwide constitu- tional referendum. In London, Wilson has clearly strengthened his hand by meeting the opposition insistence that he explore all avenues of recon- ciliation with Smith. He scored a political triumph in Commons this week when he detailed his government's efforts to avert a UDI. The US Embassy in London comments that a noticeable result of the trip is a strong bipartisan stamp, at least for the moment, on Wilson's Rhodesian policy. SECRET Page 16 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 125X1 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 SECRET The departure of Burundi's King Mwambutsa on 2 November for an extended stay in Europe opens the way for a power bid by ex- tremist anti-Western leaders of the Tutsi minority. Tribal ten- sions between the Hutu majority and the Tutsis remain high in the wake of last month's Hutu- inspired coup attempt and the subsequent executions of the Hutu leaders. The King in the past has served as a moderating influence in Hutu-Tutsi relations. US Em- bassy officials feel that the tribal cleavage is complete and that a bloody Hutu-Tutsi struggle for power is probably on the way. At the moment the Hutus are virtu- ally leaderless as a result of the executions, although some of the Hutu plotters escaped to neighboring Rwanda. Most immediately, extremist Tutsi elements largely under the leadership of former prime minis- ter Andre Muhirwa seem bent on establishing themselves in power. They may be thwarted by a group of moderate Tutsis who have some backing in the army. If the ex- tremists win out, however, it seems likely that they will ask the Chinese Communists to return-- their diplomats were expelled last January. An extremist-inspired anti-American campaign is under way and may end in the expulsion of US diplomats. Europe The Common Market members that attended the meeting of the EEC Council last week "appealed" to France to reoccupy its empty chair, but laid the basis for proceeding if necessary as an interim community of five. At the Brussels meeting the Five held out to Paris the pros- pect of a favorable settlement of the agricultural financing issue which had precipitated the French walkout. They also of- fered an exceptional meeting of the council without the commis- sion in which the "general situa- tion" of the community could be discussed. The farm agreement is contingent on a French re- turn to Brussels, however, and the Five have a "confidential" understanding on resisting EEC treaty changes or any other ar- rangement to diminish the Com- mission's powers or eliminate the majority vote. Paris has merely acknowl- edged these offers, and there is SECRET Page 17 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved FohRelease 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-0092 005000130001-4 P'"''N SECRET little prospect of any six-nation meeting before early next year. A French Foreign Ministry offi- cial has told the US Embassy his government expects such a meet- ing "sometime, someplace." He seemed supremely confident that the Five would not insist on Brussels as its locale and would --after blowing more steam-- accept the "sensible" French position on substance as well. If the French showed any real desire for compromise, pres- sures on the Five to reciprocate would no doubt become stronger again. Some among them have al- ready indicated they would not be sticky about the site of "po- litical" discussions, and even the firmest among them--the Dutch--would consider delaying further expansion of the majority rule until major agricultural regulations have been decided by unanimous vote. In ruling out more far- reaching concessions, however, the Five have responded to the further evidence that De Gaulle's present demands could not be met without changing the commu- nity's basic character. Accord- ing to the US Mission in Brussels, the Five were "stiffened" not only by Couve de Murville's hard- line restatement of the French position on 20 October, but even more so by the widely cir- culated reports of De Gaulle's intransigence in his earlier interview with the Dutch am- bassador. Barring some conciliatory gesture from the French, it therefore seems likely that the EEC Council meeting now scheduled for the end of November will carry the Five farther along the road of trying to proceed without Paris. Several important internal community matters are expected to be considered at that time. Moreover, the Five are agreed that by the end of January it will be necessary to give the commission whatever additional instructions are necessary to get on with the Kennedy Round. How long this five-power "coalition" can last, however, is difficult to say because as much may depend on Erhard's leadership as on. De Gaulle's stubbornness. The pro-French wing of Erhard's coalition in Bonn will be trying to prevent any final rupture with Paris, and despite their desire for an anti-Gaullist front, the Five's smaller three are showing some uneasiness at the prospect of German pre-eminence in the com- munity. It would thus appear that, if there is no reconcilia- tion with France, the effort to preserve the community would sooner or later depend on re- opening the question of Britain's accession. SECRET Page 18 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 Approved For Rehase 2007/03/05 I]79-00927AOOGN0130001-4 Conversations just con- cluded in the USSR between So- viet leaders and French Foreign Minister Couve de Murville fostered Moscow's hopes for ex- panding its contacts with Paris and encouraging De Gaulle's pur- suit of an independent policy. Although the talks, which ended on 2 November, apparently opened no dramatic prospects for So- viet-French cooperation, Paris is probably satisfied to have continued the dialogue that be- gan with Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko's visit to France last April. France has welcomed con- tact with the USSR on a variety of levels and subjects over the last six months, and if, as ex- pected, De Gaulle is re-elected to another seven-year term in December, he may accept a So- viet invitation to visit the USSR. Couve engaged in a tour d'horizon in separate talks with Kosygin, Brezhnev, Mikoyan, and Gromyko. The discussions seem to have been purely exploratory. Although the subject of Germany was not specifically mentioned in the final communique, it un- doubtedly was thoroughly disc cussed. The French, in fact, informed the US Embassy in Mos- cow that the Soviets were pre- occupied with possible German acquisition of nuclear weapons, almost to the exclusion of other topics such as Vietnam. The communique emphasized the concurrence of Soviet and French views on certain major international issues. Both countries oppose US policy in Southeast Asia and the creation of a NATO multilateral nuclear force, and favor greater Secu- rity Council control over UN peacekeeping operations. The communique shed no light on dif- ferences that are known to exist on some aspects of such criti- cal questions as European secu- rity, nuclear nonproliferation, and German reunification. The communique was very carefully worded on possible Franco-Soviet space collabora- tion and, according to the French ambassador in Moscow, the reference was inserted at Soviet insistence. The commu- niqud's failure to mention any new projects indicates that no firm decisions came out of the specific talks on this subject which took place recently in Paris and undoubtedly will con- tinue. Any agreements reached are likely to be limited in scope, but may involve a joint effort to develop a communica- tions satellite TV relay system that both partners would hope to use to undercut the US lead- ership in this field. With tensions high because of the Vietnam crisis, the USSR is anxious to stress the signifi- cance of its dialogue with De Gaulle. Although the growing Soviet-French contacts serve the foreign policy interests of each side to some extent, there ap- pears to be little prospect at present of an entente between the two that would have a seri- ous impact on major East-West issues. SECRET Page 19 WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 Approved"For Release 2007(QZ-,C,l4-RDP79-OA005000130001-4 The government of Malta last week accepted a NATO resolution that should ease the effort to work out a permanent association between the new island nation and the Western alliance. The resolution not only affirms NATO's interest in Malta's territorial integrity, political independ- ence, and security, but also ex- presses its members' willingness to discuss these matters as well as the question of future NATO- Malta arrangements. Before achieving independ- ence in September 1964, Malta, as part of the UK's European ter- ritories, was within NATO's de- fensive zone as defined by Arti- cle 6 of the North Atlantic Treaty. NATO's top Mediter- ranean naval headquarters (HAFMED) was located there, as was an im- portant UK naval base. After Malta's independence, however, the UK naval presence practically disappeared, and both Malta and the Allied forces stationed there ceased to be covered by the treaty. litical realities--specifically Greek and Turkish rivalry with Italy--also make it advisable to keep HAFMED on Malta. Although independent Malta early agreed to respect HAFMED's legal status for the time being, NATO has since been searching for a formula that would give Malta substantial security guarantees and provide for mutual consulta- tion in return for a firmer guar- antee that HAFMED could remain. The recent agreement should ease the Allies' immediate strategic fears. Malta's eventual relation- ship to NATO, however, is likely to remain an open question for some time. For example, insist- ence that the resolution be worded so as to make NATO's sec- retary general the point of con- tact between Malta and the North Atlantic Council reflected the wariness of alliance members against committing NATO to guar- antee Malta's security at this stage. Maltese membership in the alliance has been opposed by France, which wants no expansion of NATO's size or functions, and by the Scandinavian members, who feel Malta would be more a liability than an asset. They maintain this opposition despite the testimony of military ex- perts as to the island's stra- tegic importance. In these ex- perts' view, access to the east- ern Mediterranean could be ef- fectively denied to NATO naval forces if use of Malta as an op- erating base were impeded. Po- SECRET The pro-Western Borg-Olivier government in Malta is dissatis- fied with the provisional status of its relation with NATO and can be expected to keep alive hopes for some form of alliance mem- bership. It seems likely to win next year's general elections but if it should lose, the situa- tion would be quite different. Dom Mintoff, leader of the op- position party, is hostile toward NATO and is reputed to be soft toward the Communist bloc. ppaA l20 2d /07 RDP79-5 00927A005000130001-4 65 Approved Fo a ease Approved For Rgase 2007/03/07 C~:$DP79-OO927AOW00013OOO1-4 CORSICA ' BALEARIC ALBANIA y Valletta M A L T A I6 7 GREECE TUNISIA MALTA MILES 49543 ( UAR LIBYA } (EGYPT) SE CRE T ISRAEL `.. : JORDAN Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For Release 20Q-7;;;4-RDP79-00005000130001-4 ECRET THIS WEEK IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC The Dominican Republic's provisional government is plan- ning a series of moves which, if successfully executed, may improve the outlook for short- term political stability. I The most serious obstacle to these plans is the attitude of the military leaders. Gar- cia Godoy apparently hopes to SECRET ApproFMfo$$zelea-4 O K-RDPMM92TA005000130001-4 Western Hemisphere Approved For Relewee 2007/03/07SferPJ,9-00927A00p0130001-4 win their cooperation, thus making the changes he desires without forfeiting military support for his government and possibly triggering a mili- tary coup attempt. The Pres- ident may place more confidence in the military if it is under new leadership and be more willing to utilize it for internal security purposes such as arms control. Last week, however, some 600 officers presented Ambas- sador Bunker with a petition stating that they would resist changes in the top military leadership. If the military leaders have a chance to select their successors and leave their posts with honor, they may be willing to cooperate with the provisional government. On the other hand right-wing civilian plotters may try to inflame the issue, and they have had an unwitting assist from Garcia Godoy, who has given many officers the impression that he plans no changes in leadership at the present. There is some indication 25X1 that rebel leaders may not re- 25X1 sist the President's plans for their diplomatic exile. At the same time, however, no progress has been made on arms collection or the integra- tion of rebels into the military, and a purge of leftist govern- ment appointees does not seem likely. In the former rebel zone, the presence of the Inter-Amer- ican Peace Force has brought about some normalcy. The major Santo Domingo banks opened their downtown offices for the first time in over six months, and the two major papers have resumed publishing--offering moderate commentary. in contrast to the Communist line of Patria, pub- lished by rebel ex remists, which the provisional govern- ment has kept closed. SECRET Approved Forpf Pea 2007) 4cIW-**M%-009 '1 066130001-4 Approves r Release 20071 ;,~JA-RDP79- 7A005000130001-4 BRAZILIAN PRESIDENT USING BROAD NEW POWERS CAUTIOUSLY Brazilian President Castello Branco has proceeded cautiously thus far in exercising the broad new powers he acquired under the second Institutional Act that was promulgated on 27 October. He apparently intends, at least ini- tially, to employ persuasion rather than arbitrary action to achieve his goals. Administra- tion leaders have emphasized pub- licly, for example, that there will be no intervention in the state governments or removal of congressmen "unless demanded by the situation." The regime apparently in- tends to rely heavily on provi- sions of the act regulating press reporting of political statements made by the opposition. Some congressmen, such as ou e de Andrade and Ivete Vargas, lead- ers of the former Labor party's left wing, may lose their man- dates. It appears likely that cab- inet changes will be made soon to give the government wider po- litical representation. The gov- ernment has also begun exploring means of promoting the formation of new political parties to re- place the traditional ones abol- ished by the Institutional Act. The administration is giving priority to organizing a "party of the revolution" to assure that the man elected to succeed Cas- tello Branco will continue the revolution. Castello Branco's caution may lead to further trouble with those military elements that ex- pect him to use his new author- ity to the fullest and crack down on opposition politicians and subversives. Castello Branco's personal authority may indeed have slipped during the past two weeks despite the vast increase in presidential powers accorded him by the new act. There is some speculation that he recognizes this and is considering calling a presiden- tial election within the next few months. Costa e Silva and to a lesser extent Justice Minister Juracy Magalhaes seem to have gained stature, on the other hand, and may well become dom- inant influences in the adminis- tration. Both are inclined to- ward a firmer revolutionary line than the President, although there is no evidence that this has affected their loyalty to him. They will have decisive roles to play in the power strug- gle that is likely to develop in the coming months over the presidential succession. SECRET Pa a 24. WEEKLY SUMMARY 5 Nov 65 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4 25X1 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For Release 2007/03/07 : CIA-RDP79-00927AO05000130001-4 Approved For Release 9E(A t:-pIA-RDP79-7A005000130001-4 Approved For Release L71 CIA-RDP79-00927A005000130001-4