MEMORANDUM FOR PARTICIPANTS IN THE SOVIET PROGRAM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-00798A000700070022-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 42
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 7, 2000
• Sequence Number: 22
• Publication Date: July 27, 1973
• Content Type: MEMO

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EXFCI.XTIVE OFFICE 0;7: THE PRE:SIM:1NT
Cot.11,1c U- ON ENVR0NMENTAL QUiLITV
722 JACKSON PLACE, N. W.
WASHINGTON. D. C. 20006
July 27, 1973
STATINTL
MEMORANDUM FOR PARTICIPANTS IN THE SOVIET PROGRAM
The Soviet Coordinator for the US-USSR environmental program,
Dr. Yuri Izrael, visited the United States from July 1 to 15. His
visit, as called for in the Memorandum on Procedures signed by
Chairman Train and Academician Fedorov in Moscow on
September 21, 1972, was to review progress for the first half-ye-a r
of the program.
On July 2 a meeting of Project Chairmen was held at CEO, and a
review of the projects was conducted for Dr. Izrael and his
colleagues, Dr. 'Yuri Kazakov and Mr. Leontil. Miridonov. Their
visit was co-hosted by the Environmental Protection Agency, which
held briefings for the delegation on July 3 and again on July 13; on
?t-he 1p:1-f r?+- ckir fn1 t.11rq worp holrl rir.n. vif1c irl
talks were also held at NO, An excellent program in the field
was arranged by EPA, and the trip was eminently successful. (Our
thanks to Dr. Louis Schoen of EPA for the major part of frranging
.the trip and for serving as escort. )
Although the attached documents report fully on the results of
Dr. Izrael's visit, those who do not have time to peruse them should
be aware of the following developments:
1. The, second annual meeting of the US-USSR Joint Committee on
Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection was set tentatively
for November 13-16, 1973, in Washington. (Note that in the Report of
Meeting the dates of November 6-'9 were specified. However it was
found that this first week in November was inconvenient for both
sides, and the second week in November was subsequently decided
on. ) Prior to this meeting Project Chairmen will make reports on
their first year's activities and projections of the next year's work;
the Joint Committee will issue a.combined report and projection for
the program as a whole.
STATINTL 2. In resporse to Chairman Train's statements of interest in
p:ornYH e-?ntal field, Dr. Izraul
vi. to ho cxiiibiien
4,ati
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control equipment and symposium on pollution control in Moscow
during the first half of 1974. We are gratified at this opportunity
to open up prospects in this field, and will be consulting interested
agencies about plans for such an exhibition-symposium.
3. Dr. Izrael asked us to study the possibility of a new project on the
economic aspects of pollution. He also raised several organizational
questions (e. g. transferring part of our agricultural projects to the
new US-USSR Agricultural Agreement) for consideration prior to the
Joint Committee meeting, where all such topics wUl be discussed and
decided.
4. On a topic of relevance to all project chairmen, the number in
visiting delegations, we pressed for some flexibility on the Soviet side,
rather than strict one-for-one reciprocity. Dr. Izrael accepted our
arguments in principle, but said that a general parity of numbers would
have to be insisted on over the long run, for financial reasons.
5. Dr. Izrael asked about arrangements being made for a Soviet group
' to visit U.S. pulp (cellulose) plants. We agreed to arrange this visit.
The following papers are attached for your information:
1. Report of Meeting. The paper giving the results of the visit
signed by Chairman Train and Dr. Izrael July 13.
4jcv,
2. Minutes of Meetings with Dr. Izra.el. Prepared by David Scheffer
of CEQ, these minutes are to be considered as a draft, pending any
changes speakers wish to make on the report of their remarks. Only
the highlights are reported.
3. Points of Discussion. This is a paper I gave Dr. Izrael on July 13
in order to take note of some points raised by both sides. I did not
attempt to list all topics discussed, merely some on which I thought
a reminder might be useful.
4. Tentative Dates. On the basis of a paper given by Dr. Kazakov,
with corrections as agreed during the visit, I have set out the current
projection of dates for the remainder of this calendar year. Any changes
or corrections are solicited.
Finally, our thanks to all of you w ed in Dr. Izrael's visit
for your help in making it a succ
.7a
Spo i sta nt:
to the Chairman
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Enclosures
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A review of cooperation under the U.S.-Soviet
M*reement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental '
Protection of May 23, 1972, was held in Washington, D.C.,
July 2-5 and 13, 1973, with the participation of the
Chairman from the American side and the Coordinator from
? the Soviet side of the Joint Committee on Cooperation
in the Field of Environmental Protection. The review
was in accordance with the Memorandum on Procedures of
September 21, 1972, having as its aim to examine and
review the fulfillment and execution of cooperation
.under the Agreement.
The review took place in a friendly and constructive
atmosphere, and and it was agreed that work under the
?
Agreement was proceeding in a highly satisfactory
manner. Project and Working Group Chairmen from the
American side presented detailed reports upon the work
being done in their areas, and a tentative schedule of
twenty visits by specialists of both sides during the
remainder of 1973 was agreed upon.
It was agreed tentatively that the second meeting
of the Joint Committee on Cooperation in the Field of
Environmental Protection would he held in Wallington, D.C.,
iC Chairnu_n the Cc - -
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agreed that the Joint Committee at its November
---pieeting would: review progress under the Agreement
td date; approve plans for cooperation during the
following year; discuss possible new subjects and
forms of cooperation in environmental protection;
issue a document reporting upon the accomplishments
of the program.
The Chairman and the Coordinator discussed
questions connected with the methods and conditions
of financing visits by specialists between the two
countries. They exchanged information on these questions.
The Coordinator expressed the interest of the Soviet
side in having visits financed on the basis of the
principle of the receiving side paying. The Chairman
expressed agreement with this principle as desirable,
but explained that according to U.S. legislation each
agency had to determine its ability to carry out
exchanges under this principle. The Chairman provided
information as to which projects could now be financed
according to this system, and expressed the hope that
others could be added later.
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The Chairman and the Coordinator discussed a
Soviet invitation to hold an exhibition of pollution
control equipment and symposium on pollution control
in Moscow during the first half of 1974. It was
agreed to pursue arrangements for such an exhibition
and symposium through existing channels.
According to the program arranged by the Council
on Environmental Quality and the Environmental Protection
Agency, the Cbordinator and his colleagues
inspected sites of interest under the U.S.-USSR
Environmental Agreement at Yellowstone and Grand Teton
National Parks; Salt Lake City, Utah; Lake Tahoe;
Appleton, Wisconsin; Cincinnati, Ohio; and W4gShington.
The Coordinator had briefings and discussions at the
Council on Environmental Quality, the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration of the Department of
Commerce, and the Environmental Protection Agency, where
he discussed in particular the forthcoming U.S.-Soviet
symposium on the comprehensive analysis of the
environment. The Soviet delegation expressed
appreciation for the program and the hospitality
afforded them by their American host;0
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Signed in Washington, D.C., on July 13, 1973,
-r in English and Russian, both languages being equally
authentic.
)
./
r
. ?.
? -
Russell E. Train
U.S. Chairman, Joint
Committee on Cooperation
in the Field of
Environmental Protection
;Yuri A. Izrael
'Soviet Coordinator,
Joint Committee on
Cooperation in the
Field of Environmental
Protection
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EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
722 JACKSON PLACE N. W.
WASHINGTON. D. C. 20006
MINUTES OF MEETINGS DURING VISIT OF DR. IZEAEL
A. Prolect Chairman Meeting, CEQ July 2, 1973
Chairman Train welcomed Dr. Izrael,.Dr. Kazakov
and Mr. Miridonov. Recalling the hospitality extended
to him in the USSR last fall, he expressed the hope
that Dr0 Izrael's stay in the United States would be
as pleasant and productive. Chairman Train said the
U.S. Government's interest in the US-USSR Environmental
Agreement, from the highest levels on down, remained
extremely high. He was glad that the Project Chairmen
would have a chance to report on the status of each
Project;- his impression was that nearly all of the
projects were off and moving, and he looked forward
to concrete results emerging from our cooperation in
the near future.
Dr.-Tzrael responded that he and his colleagues
were happy to be in the United States. He ad held a
meeting of all Soviet Project Chairmen just before his
departure, and thus would be in a position after today
to.know the status from looth,sides. In general, the
Soviet side was optimistic and felt the program was
moving ahead very well.
Dr. Talbot, (CEO) also welcomed Dr. Izrael and
expressed in particular the great enthusiasm our program
had generated among the scientific community in the
United States? He also noted that in various international
forums and negotiations, US-Soviet cooperation in
environmental matters was having a sanguine effect,
improving our working together toward common ends.
Dr. Talbot noted that an important problem. within the
program was to improve the dissemination of data
generated by our program within the scientific
community. We should give attention to this problem,
and should also make sure that reciprocity, in general
terms, obtained in the exchange of data and information-
..j?roTzam.D-11. Talbot also
status of the Nature Conservation projectL:, :ross lag
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regret for certain delays, stemming from organizational
problems, on both sides, Dr. Talbot underlined the
importance we attach to this area and said he was
confident it would now move forward smoothly.
Mr. Atke_lan_IEBO) reported on the visit
of the Soviet legal and administrative delegation
under Dr. Kolbasov of the Institute of State and
Law. The delegation was 'given a broad view of
US environmental activity and was provided a great
deal of material on US environmental law; they
promised to provide reciprocal information.
Mr. Atkeson told Dr. Izrael he hoped priority
attention could be given to the US wish to
exchange delegations and information between
non-governmental organizations active in the.
environmental field; we were awaiting Dr. Kolbasov's
response to our proposals on this and on other
areas. We also issued an invitation for a Soviet
scholar to spend an extended period at the Woodrow
Wilson Center, and were awaiting a Soviet reply.
Mr. Barnes (HUD) reported on.g.he urban
environment working group, in particular on the
visit of the Kudryavtsev delegation in April, the
first Soviet group to visit the United States under
-?the Agreement, Mr. Barnes said the. visit itself.
had. .been quite successful, although it had been
delayed by the Soviet side several times. Mr.
Moskow had been named project chairman shortly
prior to the group's arrival. Mr. Barnes told.
Dr. Izrael that a problem existed on the size of
the return US delegation for October. Since
so many topics were involved, the US side wanted
to send competent experts in each, and therefore
felt it important to send a large delegation
.(ideally eight persons). The US side was especially
eager to push ahead on permafrost/solid waste
.management and on new towns. Just as the Soviet
delegation had been shown sites of primary interest
to its specialists, the Us.side would expect to
see sites of prime interest to American specialists,.
on the "sendincT ztdn socks."
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introduced by Mr. Strother, who reported that five
groups had met thus far, that contacts between
experts at the working levelon both sides was
thus well underway, .and that the EPA ability to
pay for costs of Soviet delegation ("receiving
side pays") had been beneficial, with some small
'financial problems that were being solved.
Mr-Harrington. (EPA) reported that in the
project on control techniques for air pollution from
stationary sources three technical _working groups
had been established, chaired by members -of the
delegation who attended the first working group
meeting in Moscow in March. The groups deal with
sulfur oxides, particulate control, and clean fuels.
The US side transmitted .data on -these three subjects
in April and is assembling further material according
to an agreed schedule; Soviet materials have not yet
been received and no communications have been heard
from the Soviet side since the march meeting. It was
agreed in March that rprnrts we-v411,d be prepared on
the status of technology in defined areas; the US
side is preparing its first report now. We are
also arranging for a symposium on particulate control
to beheld in the United -States .- in October-November.
Mr. Harrington reported that with the aid of the
Commerce Department, we are soliciting private- -
industry for their possible participation in trade
in -pollution control equipment with the USSR. So
far 'a high level of interest has been shown. We
hope to provide a list of interested companies to
Soviet organizations by June 1974.
Dr. Jones (EPA) reported that in his
group on mobile source air pollution control,
everything was proceeding on schedule, as agreed
at the March meeting in Moscow. The US team had
gathered material on mobile source pollution and
would be forwarding this to Moscow shortly. - No
data or communications have been received.yet
from the Soviet side, since the March meeting.
We are making plans for the Sovietreturn visit
this fall, with vinit r7anc?7
industry sites for sti". contfol
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technology. (N9te: At a private meeting later
during the visit, Mrez_he_KLy asked Dr. lzrael about
the Soviet inquiry, in a letter from Izrael to
Chairman Train, into the possibility of direct
contacts between Soviet automobile builders and
a US auto manufacturing firm. Chairman Train had
replied that in the first instance, we thought
that such contact should take place through Dr.
Jones' working group, since emission control--the
Object of Soviet interest--was part of his group's
field, and since he had direct liaison with the
automobile industry. Dr. Izrael replied that
the Soviet side agreed that at least at first
this method of contact was appropriate.)
Dr. Schneider (EPA) reported that the
initial Soviet visit in his project, the effect of
pollution on marine organisms, was highly successful,
with visits to nine major and seven lesser laboratories.
The agreement reached with the Soviet visitors listed
twenty topics of study, some broad, others specific,
which were subject to confirmation and perhaps
narrowing of scope at the fall meeting of the group
in Moscow. Plans were agreed upon forqmmediate
exchanges of scientists, and a central exchange point
for information on marine pollution was designated.
Fifteen US laboratori?ps will participate in this
exchange. Plans were discussed for a joint journal
on marine pollution. Fifty man-months of exchanges
were tentatively agreed upon. Dr. .1zrael expressed
concern that twenty sub-projects might be too
ambitious a work program for one group. He said he
was charged with apportioning funds among the Soviet
groups, and he could not over-commit resources to
any one area. Dr. Schneider explained that the
twenty topics were merely areas of interest, and
did not represent potential "sub-groups" i, every
case. Mr? Perry said that we had a joint problem
of apportioning resources and setting priorities,
what with thirty projects in our Agrement, and
with all of the bilateral US-USSR agreements now
competing for attention and funds. .The first year
of our Agreement was in a sense a year of ex.r.rimen-
Le. see vAlich
'ifrie second Joint CommiL
this fall, we would have to discuss priorities
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for the coming year. Nevertheless we felt that
Dr. Schneider's attempt to set up a broad and
multi-faceted project was entirely .proper, and he
should be encouraged--even if he would be expected
to set priorities among his topics. On this point
Dr. Kazakov mentioned that there was a distinction
between projects for which "working groups" were
established in the Memorandum of Implementation
of September 21, 1972, and projects where "meetings
of specialists" were called for. Mr. Perry recalled
the negotiating history and said this distinction
was introduced by the Soviet side, but that the
US side had never acknowledged any qualitative
distinction between projects: for us a. project was
? a project., whether it had a formal working group
? attached to it or not. All of this could of course
be discussed at the Joint .Committee meeting in
November. (Note: At a private meeting later,
these points came up again between Chairman Train,
Dr. Izrael and Mr. Perry. Chairman Train emphasized
that Dr. Schneider had worked with great energy to
get his project going with a promising program,
and he did not. approve of any effort to cut back
this group's efforts when some other protIlects had
not even had a first meeting. yet. He said if. ..a
project team found good prospects for cooperation
and forged ahead, weshotild not curb them in any-
way. He added that he agreed that some priorities
would need to be set for Dr. Schneider's work:, and
he understood that this would be done at the fall
meeting. Dr. izrael repeated that for him it was
a problem of funding: he could not commit dis-'
proportionate funds to any one group. It was
agreed that during Dr. Schneider's visit to the
USSR in the fall priorities should be set, and
any remaining problems would be discussed at the
Joint Committee meeting.)
Mr. Strother reported on the water
pollution exchange on behalf of Dr. Buckley, noting
that this project was going very well, following
the successful visit.of the working group to the
ussa !!arch. Plans for the sub-grol:In to
wer
a.zrasH,.:ciats ior the Soviet sub-group
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(Note: Subsequently Dr. Kazakov presented a program
for the Lake Baikal visit. EPA raised the question
of increasing the number on the US delegation from
six to eight, but Dr. Izrael said the vessel on which .
the group would sail on Baikal would only accommodate
six plus the Soviet team. At a private meeting,.
Chairman Train raised the question of press coverage
Of this visit by the US press in Moscow, stressing
the importance of allowing the US presS to cover
all working group visits but this-one in particular
(since his own visit to Baikal last fall was not
covered by the US press owing to Soviet refusal,
and since Lake Baikal continues to be a controversial
topic). Dr. Izrael replied that Hydromet would
continue to try to facilitate press coverage, but
the final decision on these matters rested with
the Soviet Foreign Ministry, whom we should go to
directly. We agreed to pursue both channels.)
Mr. Strother also reported on air pollution
modeling andinstrumentation on behalf of Dr. Wiser,
noting that the spring visit by the Sovi"tt group
under Dr. Zaitsev was highly successful. Mr. Strother
outlined three problems in this area: (1) One of
the Soviet delegation members was from the Soviet
Institute of.Hygience and her interests, health
Standards, did not fit with our interpretation of
the group's work. (Note: Subsequently Dr. Wiser
and Dr. Izrael met privately on this matter and
agreed that health standards could'be added to
the group's study area, with the understanding
that another US speCialist would have to be added
to the working group paying its return visit this
fall.) (2) The US side felt it important to agree
to the exchange of scientists under this project,
but the Soviet side had so far refused to do so.
(3) EPA felt that the scope of the groups study
of pollutants should be.broadened, but the Soviet
side had been reluctant to go beyond a very narrow
range: EPA will continue to Seek the inclusion
of "special topics," i.e. additional pollutants.
Mr cir ( /?, v \ "
crTr7c! , _ _ 1 3./
. / _ .0ena
A 13 Prg Var F 0 MeljL MIA Oleio 8 / 2tPt 1434V-01a fib:A% 67 ablo 7 d'h gical
and genetic effects of pollution. The,jus -concluded
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visit (June 3-17) of the Soviet delegation led
by Academician Dubinin had gone very well.
Discussions had focused on three areas,
environmental epidemiology (led byEPA) and
mutagenesis and heavy metal toxicology (led by
NIEHS). No detailed agreement was signed during
this visit, but general plans were made for ongoing
exchanges, and an agreement will be- during
the US return visit this fall. Meanwhile an
exchange of information was agreed, and the US
side is providing air quality criteria documents,
reviews of cadmium, mercury and. polycyclic
organic compounds in the environment, and other reports.
The Soviet visitors presented reports orally on
health research in relation to the standard setting
process, ,and the US side plans to got documentation
on this subject in the fall. The US side is
.particularly interested in Soviet studies employing
neurosensory and central nervous system tests.
Consideration is being given to sending a US
scientist to the USSR in the fall, probably to
the Institute of General and Communal Hygiene. We
are awaiting word from the Soviet side o this.
Early in 1974 Mr. de Serres plans to lead a
delegation to visit Soviet laboratories in the
field of mutagenesis.
Dr. Tschirley (USDA) reported on the
status of the project on pollution from agricultural
.soUrces, noting that we had agreed to the Soviet
invitation to participate in a joint symposium
on integrated pest management in Kiev September 10-18.
(Subsequently Dr. Kazakov presented a proposed
program for this symposium.) Dr. Tschirley reiterated
US interest in the agriculture projects and hoped
the delays from the Soviet side would be over and
cooperation commence. (Note: This project was
discussed again at the July 13 meeting.)
Dr. LinduSka (Interior) reported-on the
wildlife project, the first of all projects under
the Agreement to get started with itworking group
meeting !_r Mosccrq TNt
,
agreement: on twQmLy-L,a Lcachu6.
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Not all of these projects will be implemented at
the same time, although exchange of information,
including published literature and laboratory
-reports, has begun. The Soviet side did not send
the expected scientist for the Bowhead Whale study
project, but we are hoping that the agreement will
be fulfilled for Soviet participation in the Alpha
Helix marine mammal expedition in August and the
migratory swan-waterfowl study program under Dr.
Sladpn this year. (Note: Subsequent to the meeting
two Soviet scientists did arrive in Fairbanks to
participate in the Alpha Helix program, and
agreement was reached for a Soviet scientist to
work. with Dr. Sladen in the fall.) The dyeing
of waterfowl for study in the project has already
begun by the Soviet side on Wrangel Island and
the US side in California. We are hopeful that
funding and other problems will be resolved and
the wildlife projects will move forward during
the coming year. (See report of July 13 meeting,)
. Mr. Jorgenson iInteriorL reported on
behalf of Mr. Bohlen and Dr. Skoog in 41e areas
of preserves and of tundra-taiga ecosystems and
permafrost. He noted that the US side had had
difficulty in getting organized for the preserves
project, but would discuss forthcoming fall
meetings during Dr. Izrael's visit (see below
.under July 13 meeting). There was a difference
of emphasis which needed to be worked on, the
US side concerned with environmental impact and
how to minimize environmental damage, the Soviet
side more concerned with technical examination
of ecological components. At the fall meeting,
both organizational and subject-matter problems
had to be ironed out.
Captain Wallace (coast Guard) reported
on the marine oil pollution project, which had
bifurcated into two projects, one (of which he
was chairman) on oil pollution from shipping
sources, the other (of which Dr. James 1-3,3-1
-1
? -coal .
from oil processes, .notably off-shore driiiIng).
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The two groups had been split apart at Soviet
request, with the responsible agencies on their
side the Merchant Marine and the Ministry of the
Petroleum Industry, respectively. A joint meeting
of both working groups'had-been held in May,
after which the groups separated for field trips.
The meeting and field trips went quite well,
and ? separate return visits are planned by two
US delegations in August .and September. The
shipping sources group plans to visit August 19-
SepteMber 2, but the US side strongly prefers
to bring eight specialists rather than the six
suggested by the Soviet_Side, even if (because
of limited space on the ship the group will
travel on) two members would have to participate
in only part of the meeting. Dr. Izrael premised
to look into-this. ?
In the course of the meeting, when the
question of numbers in delegations arose, Mr.t_PerLy.
told 1)r, Izrael that we ware concerned about the
possibility of delegations being kept to small
to do a proper job because of reciprocity
requirements. We recognized that the maintenance
of the "sending side pays" -principle for some
working groups led to problems for the Soviet
'side, but on the US side we.often had a number
of organizations involved and needed to have
a representative group making the trip to the USSR.
Insistence on strict reciprocity, holding US
delegations to 34 members, would lead to a had
situation in the long run, he feared. Therefore
we hoped that the Soviet side would not insist
upon strict man-for-manireciprocity. Dr. Izrael
replied that he understood the US position and
the Soviet side did not and would not insist on
strict reciprocity. However, funds for exchanges
of persons had to be provided, and the Soviet
budgetary authorities would not authorize
continuing exchanges without some balance.
Therefore a loose kind of parity would have
to Lo cvLr th- =n.
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Note:. The US. project-. chairman for
the Climate working group, 'Dr., Wilmot Hess,
was present,--but owing to shorAtness of time agreed
to discuss his project directlly with Dr. Izrael
during the latter's visit to NIOAA July 3.
They agreed on a first meeting of the working
group August 27-September. 2, wathThr. Borisenkov,
in Washington.
? Dr. Robert Wallace, (US project chairman
.for earthquake prediction, was -unable to be
present, but his deputy, Dr. IE-amilton, sent a
written report which was given to Dr. Izrael.
The group had a highly successful meeting in
California in .May, and an agrement was signed
which provides for forty man-months of exchange
study by scientists of each side during the
coming year. Prospects for cooperation in
this area were reported to be unusually good.
Dr. Leland Attawav, US project chairman
for the Comprehensive Analysis of the Environment
Symposium, was unable to be present at the
meeting, hilt met with Dr. Izrael (who iv, project
chairman on the Soviet side) to make plans for
this project, which is to take place in the
USSR in December 1973.
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11
B. ? Meeting of Dr. Kazakov and Mr. perry Julv 3
The following points were raised:
1. Dr. Kazakov presented a draft schedule for
the remainder of 1973. -(With revisions, this is
the basis for the schedule attached.)
2. Agriculture. Dr. Kazakov suggested that the
working group meeting be held in October, and that
the Soviet side send one delegation, which would
discUss splitting into two groups.
3. Permafrost and Preserves. The Soviet side -
-? proposed a 10-day visit.in August. (Note: we
later proposed an October visit of longer duration.)
4. Climate. Dr. Bladyko remains as Working group
chairman, but the head of the Main Geophysical
Laboratory, Dr. Evgenii P. Borisenkov, will be
in the United States in August and would like
to hold-an initial meeting of the working group
August 27-September 2. (Note: The US4project
_chairman, Dr. Hess of NOAA, discussed this matter
directly with Dr. Izrael, and agreed to the
meeting as proposed.) ?
5. River Basin Modeling. A four-man Soviet group.
.would visit September 10-21.
6. Water Pollution: Lakes. A US group Would visit
the USSR (principally Lake Baikal) August 13-27.
-Dr. Kazakov acknowledged that the US side wanted
to send eight persons, but said the vessel would .
only accommodate six from the US side. Mr. Perry?
raised the question of a US press representative
accompanying the group, and Dr. Kazakov said he
foresaw no difficulty provided the space
limitation was met.
7. Urban Environment. The US delegation would
come to the USSR in October. The size of the
undr
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8. Earthquake prediction. A US group of from
seven to nine persons would visit October 16-30.
(Note: This date was later revised to Sept. 28-Oct. 12.)
9. Symposium in Kiev on integrated pest management.
This was now agreed upon for September 10-18.
10. Marine Oil Pollution from Non-Shipping Sources.
Dr. Balsley's group was invited September 15-25.
(Dr. Balsley later said this was acceptable, but
he preferred October 1-10. Dr. Izrael promised
to check into this.)
11. Marine Oil Pollution from Shipping Sources.
Captain Wallace's group was invited August
19-September 2. The size, eight versus six, was
still under consideration.
12. Specialists on Marine Mammals. This group of six
should meet in the United States in November.
13. Swans and other migratory wildfowl. (It was
later agreed that Dr. Kishchinsky would join Dr.
Sladen for this project in the fall.)
14. AlpliLilelix expedition. (The two Soviet
specialists arrived in Alaska for this project
shortly after Dr. Izrael's visit.)
15. Air Pollution Control: Mobile Sources. The
Soviet side proposed a return US visit to the USSR
of six to eight persons for two weeks in the
second half of October. (The US project chairman,
Dr. Jones, later proposed a starting date of Nov. 4.
16. Symposium on comprehensive analysis of the
environment. Dr. Izrael would discuss with his
co-chairman, Dr. Attaway of EPA. The symposium
would be held in the USSR in December 1973.
17. Air Pollution Control: symposium on particulates.
The Soviet chairman proposed either December or
a date in 1974 for this symposium, '-(1 the IS side
was agrt..,ble to r,otpon):ng Lhe ev-
earlier suggestion of October 1973.
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18. Water Pollution: prevention or treatment
of waste discharges. This group should visit
the USSR in December, with five or six persons.
19. Air Pollution Modeling and Methodology.
The US return visit should be in mid-October.
The group should tbtl four jor five persons.
20: Effect of pollution on marine organisms.
The US return group, two or three persons,
should visit the USSR in October. (The size
of this group is also under discussion.)
21. Joint Committee meeting. (Later agreed
upon for November 13-,16; 1973.)
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C. MeetingL2f_2112.irman Train, Dr. Izrael and
Mr. U1.11.1_11.11Y._4
The following points were raised:
1. Plans were discussed for the second annual meeting
of the US-USSR Joint Committee for Cooperation in the
Field of Environmental Protection. Tentative dates
of the second week in November were agreed. upon.
The meeting itself would take place Tuesday through
Friday, November 13-16, with perhaps some opportunity
.for viewing of local environmental sites during this
time for the entire Soviet delegation, which would
number perhaps 20. Following the meeting,. a small -
group.of 4-5, analogous to the Train delegation which
toured Siberia last fall, would take a field trip
within the United States. It was agreed that the
meeting should review detailed reports of the working
group heads, and should issue itself a comprehensive
report of cooperation to date under the Agreement.
The meeting would also consider detailed plans for
meetings and visits during the upcoming ytar. It
would also consider topics such as formation of
new working groups, possible shifts of dome topics
to other US-USSR bilateral agreements, and in
general the question of how the overall program
should be balanced and organized so as to get the
best results.
2. As an example of problems to be discussed at
the Joint Committee meeting, Dr. Izrael mentioned
the possibility of moving some of the projects
under Pollution Related to Agricultural Production
(e.g. wind erosion and dessication) to the new
US-USSR Agricultural Agreement. Chairman Train
said he was happy to discuss this, although he
thought some projects (e.g. integrated pest
management) were of such environmental importance
that they should definitely remain in our program.
Dr. Izrael agreed.
3. As e-_,=-:.-2:1x1 of possible
Izrael brought up the Earthquake Predic:Lion project,
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wondering if it might be moved to another US-USSR
)bilateral agreement. He mentioned that it might
come under the Academy of Sciences Agreement. Chairman
Train said he recognized that this project was only
partially environmental, and could fit also under
a more "scientific" rubric. However, the project
Was developing splendidly, under strong leadership
on both sides, and he rather hated-to thiiak of losing
it. Moreover, the main problem with moving it to the
National Academy agreement was that our Academy was
a non-governmental body, while our project was run
by Dr. 'Wallace of the U.S. Geological Survey, a part
of the Department of the Interior; it would not
work to try to lift this project and put it under
the Academy, in his opinion. Dr. Izrael said he
saw the problem and said it was merely a question
for study.
4. .Dr. Izrael stressed again the importance of
the "rece.iving side pays" principle for the Sovict
side and for thelong-term success of the agreement.
He badly wanted to get a written statemexi on this
subject, including a list of those .agencies which
could now pay for Soviet visitors. Chairman Train
expressed his sympathy, but said we were bound by
our system of appropriations, and had to work on an
agency-by-agency basis. -Frankly, we felt it would
be a mistake to "list agencies," since only EPA and
NOAA now had this authority, and since we wanted to
keep some flexibility in order to try to persuade
the Congress to give more agencies the needed
authority. Dr. Izrael urged us to keep pursuing
this matter. (As a subsidiary point, he noted that
for Soviet delegations EPA was receiving in the US,
it was only allowing $10 per diem, whereas in the
USSR 10 rubles is given US visitors, a considerably
higher figure. Dr. Izrael urged us to try to raise
our limit. Chairman Train explained. that EPA was
working within a set limit, and probably- could not
get an increase, although we felt we compensated
for the difference by giving more "extras" to Soviet
visitors (certain free meals or entertainment, for
example). Dr. 1.2=,,,1 T1-0 wcld
again in Moscow, and :as to take it LI? wi-th
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5. Discussing the Joint Committee meeting, Dr. Izrael
alluded to the large number of projects carved out -
by the group on the effect of pollution on marine
organisms, headed on the US side by Dr. Schneider.
Chairman Train said he was-well impressed by Dr.
Schneider's energetic work, by the success of the
first visit, and by the support the project had
among US scientists. He said .he did not think we
should consider trying to "hold back" this group
in order to keep it in balance with other groups .
which 1-4ght not be doing as much. If the group
could move ahead, let it move. Mr. Perry repeated
that we recognized no distinction in standing
between groups with formal "working groups" and
those without.
6. Chairman Train thanked Dr. ,Izrael for Hydromet's
efforts to get the US press authority to cover field
trips by US groups in the USSR. He said this was
very imnnr,1-;11-0- ancl 11c7wi1rl cont7inlind. For
example, the upcoming visit by the group to Lake
Baikal in'August would attract much interest, and
it was imperative that the press be allod to
accompany the group. Dr. Izrael said Hydromet
would continue to do all it could, but the US side
had to recognize that,finb.l authority in these matters
lay in the Foreign Ministry; therefore we should press
this through both channels. Chairman Train promised
to do so vigorously.
7. For the Joint Committee meeting, Dr. Izraelsaid,
we should consider new ideas. for projects and areas
of study. One that was promising was the economic
aspects of the environment. Chairman Train agreed,
and said this might fit under the pyesent project
on legal and administrative measures, or it might
be a separate new project. Dr. Izrael thought an
entirely new project might be better. Chairman Train
promised-to present Dr. Izrael some literature on
the subject (this was done prior to his departure)
and to consider this suggestion further.
3. . : 1, ULuding- irmn `.."
? - ciorov ouonaue. rc .
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invitation to the United States to stage an exhibition
of pollution control equipment and a symposium on
pollution control in-Moscow during the first half
of 1974. Arrangements would have to be worked out
directly with the Soviet Chamber of Commerce, but .
he was empowered to extend the invitation. If plans
went well and the exhibition-symposium was on the
proper course, an announcement of it could be made
at the Joint Committee meeting in November.
Chairman Train thanked him for the invitation and.
said we would. look into possibilities right away,
since it sounded like an excellent opportunity.
9. Dr. Izrael said they were interested in plans for
the Spokane Exhibition and would like an invitation
for a Soviet delegation to come and study this.
Chairman Train said he would arrange that.
10. Dr. Izrael recalled Chairman Train's visit
to the nn3Tulnqn i nn 1%14-n Hiscliss,ions
at that time of a visit by Soviet pulp plant specialists
to the United States. He said they would appreciate
an invitation, and wished.. to see the Jestp Plant
of ITT (Rayenier) and the Foley Plant of Bokev-Cellulose
(his listing). We promised to look into this.
11. Chairman Train raised the question of utilizing
visits by scientists of both sides to enable. them to
lecture to academic and other audiences in the US and
USSR. We would like .our scientists and officials to
have changes to lecture in, the USSR during their visits
there, and we would be happy to grant such opportunities
here. Dr. Izrael said he thought this was-an excellent
idea and asked that we notify them in advance of
prospects.
12. Switching to matters of High Policy, Mr. Perry
said we kept seeing Dr. Izrael's name spelled with
an "s" and a "z" and asked which he preferred.
He said with a "z," and so be it.
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D. Final Meeting at CECII_Iyily....13
1. After Mr. Perry presented Chairman Trains apologies
for being unable to be present, since he had had to be
out of the city, Dr. Izrael signed the Report of Meeting
(which Chairman Train had previously signed) and it
was promulgated.
Mr.,Strother (T,PAI raised the question of the
health standards aspect in the Air Pollution Modeling
and Methodology project of Dr. Wiser. Dr, Izrael
said he had reached full agreement with Dr. Wiser that
the working group would not review in detail the
biological effects of air pollUtion upon man, but
some consideration had to be given to the topic in
order to deal ,with standard-setting. Therefore
one representative would be added to the US group -
to deal particularly with this problem. Dr. Izrael
said he wished to thank EPA for excellent discussions
artrl a finn prngram clurina his visit. He had already
reached agreement with Dr. Attaway on the upcoming
symposium On. comprehensive analysis of the environment,
and he would be putting their agreement writing.
Mr. Strother said a letter from Dr. Wiser would follow.
3. Mr. Woodward (HUD) made the following points about
the urban environment exchange: (a) HUD had not heard
anything from the Soviet group since it was here in
May; a continuing process of communication was essential
if the project was to work. (b) Mr. Moskow regretted
not being more involved with the project heretofore, '
but he had been tied up with an urgent and vital
housing project, but would be coming with the group
in October and was the chairman. (c) HUD had sent
13 packages of information, some of which apparently
had not been sent. HUD needed word of their arrival,
and also expected to receive comparable material from
the USSR before the October visit. HUD wondered why
it had not hoard more about plans for the October visit.
HUD would like to send nine persons plus an interpreter,
but understood that this might cause problems. This
question and others Si ha sottio, includincr no
naming of a sc)cond L-JV . ' _ .2. .
to pair for study puzipuJL:wih AtlaiL anU San
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Izrael said he knew that plans were being made
for the October visit, and he would look into answers
for all of the questions posed.
4. Dr. Balsley (US Geological Survey) discussed the
status of the project on marine pollution from non-
shipping sources, and reported on the excellent
meeting and visit with the two Soviet specialists
in May. He reported in particular on the splitting
of the two oil pollution groups. He said the US
side would like to send eight specialists (instead
of six), for their Soviet visit, and althouch they
were agreeable to go SePteMber 15, would prefer
(since Dr. Carlson would miss the trip for those
dates) a visit starting October 1. Dr_. Izrael
repeated what he had said earlier, that the Soviet
side would not insist upon strict one-for-one
reciprocity in numbers, but a rough parity would
have to obtain. Eight in exchange for two was
not equitable. At any rate he would present
nr. Rnislpy's proposals and seek an early answer.
5. Dr. Tbehirlev_SUSDa discussed plans for the
Kiev symposium on integrated pest manageAnt now
set for SepteMber 10-18. The agenda presented by
the Soviet side included papers dealing with insects
and plant diseases; the US sidewished to include .
'weeds and nematodes also. The US side would be
sending government scientists, university professors,
and private experts; it would present 3 papers rather
than 2, but in the same time frame. Dr. Izrael
asked for an agreed program including paper topics
no later than August 1, and also for 30 copies of
each speech in Russian (or if the full text was not
available, a one-page summary in Russian). It was
noted that the possibility of transferring some
of the projects from our Agreement to the US-USSR
Agriculture _Agreement would be considered prior
to the November Joint Committee meeting.
6. Mx. Pardon State: EUILISELL and Mr. Slater (Interior)
discussed the payment' problem ("Sending side" versus
nn) in rc,T-tion t.r. i::::.' .7 17n67.er
-.- . .._. .c_rfrc-:elv?...!P-... on Cont:;.
iOn of June 19, i973. It \,..z, ,:r.,:::_. out
.
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to pay for Soviet delegations, aitnougn suet). autherlty
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had been sought. Dr. Izrael took note of the US
-position and restated the Soviet deSire for
"receiving side pays" whenever possible.
7. Dr. Neureiter (State: SCI) spoke briefly about
the organization of environment in the USSR and
the relationship of. our Agreement, to. the Science
and Technology Agreement and to other bilateral
programs. He asked how the Soviets resolved
contradiction and overlaps between the various
agreements. Pr. Izrael said that the State
Committee for Science and Technology 'exercised
general supervision over the implementation of the
Environmental Agreement, but for most questions
Hydromet--and he as Coordinator, for most day-to-day
issues--had authority to make decisions. There
was an interlocking of functions and persons, so
that coordination was usually no problem. He for
example was deputy to Academician Fedorov at
1NrrIrnmr11- ancl withln fh PnurnnmPn+-1 AgrmPni-'7
he was also deputy to Mr. Efremov in the Environmental
Council which oversaw environmental coordination
in general, and in these two functions he- personally
could spot any problems that arose. (The bOdy which
Mr. Efremov heads is apparently the environmental
committee of the interjurisdictional Scientific
.and Technical Council run jointly by the State
Committee on Science and Technology and the Academy
of Sciences: )p.) Asked about the overlap between
thermal power studies and air pollution studies in
the Environmental and the S&T Agreements, Dr. Izrael'
said if the project dealt directly with air pollution,
it came under the Environmental Agreement; if it
dealt with the technology of pollution, then the
State Committee would enter the. picture. There
was no doubt that the Kirillin Committee had the
final word on who did what; but it was not necessary
to go to them for answers to every question, since
lines- of authority were generally clear.
8. Dr. Talbot (CEQ), Dr. Linduska and Skoog ITnterior
and Dr. Sladon ,(john )wAde .1:Tr,bor 0.;:-frnts
about Proct V;
Wildlife had gone wull, L20 bad bc
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Bohlen would be overall coordinator for Project V,
- rather- than project chairman specifically for
Preserves, for which a chairman would be named.
(b) We would be sending full proposals for meetings
and projects in all three areas shortly, Wildlife,
.Preserves, and Tundra Ecosystems-Permafrost. We
agreed.with Dr. Krinitsky's idea of combining the
meetings of these groups, and would propose a joint
meeting of all three to begin about October 15.
(c) If desired, wecould reCeive an advance .Soviet
representative here in August to lay plans for
these meetings; or alternatively, we could send
Dr. Skoog and/or Dr. Talbot to Moscow in August
for 2-3 days to make such plans. Another possible
venue for planning could be Stockholm, at the
interhational biologists' conference. (d) It was
stressed that the Soviet teams should plan to stay
a minimuM of 17.076, weeks and longer if possible.
(e) Dr. Linduska presented a tentative agenda for
f'h 91f gronr -and made comments upon it.
(f) Dr.. Talbot noted that in September 1972 in
Moscow, Dr. Sokolov had discussed -proposals for
joint studies in desert .ecosystems. Thetureau of
Land Management at Interior was quite interested in
this suggestion and we would welcome Soviet proposals.
(g) Dr. Skoog explained the US interest in the
'tundra/permafrost area, stressing that we wished to
study the entire impact of activities upon cold
area environment and on men in cold areas. Our aims
were broader than those outlined in the Soviet papers.
Dr. Skoog said he had presented a wide range of
.topics (he presented la paper to Dr. Izrael) and
wished to agree on perhaps five or six for initiation
in early 1974. Two subtopics were (i) standards for
changes taking place after human activites in
permafrost and (ii) resource management in these
areas. Dr. Skoog discussed the problems and prospects
in this important project in some detail.
Dr. Izrae), said he would take all the papers and
comments back to Moscow for discussion with the
proper authorities. Mr. Perry closed the meeting
by i-liar-(7 c71-: for con- to
a husinelic, corcal ci vry usi
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COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
722 JACKSON PLACE, N. W.
WASHINGTON, 0. C. 20006
/, POINTS OF DISCUSSION DURING VISIT OF DR. IZRAEL
1. Dates for visits during remainder of 1973.
Status: Dates agreed in principle. Confirmation
of some exact dates still needed.
2. Review of progress to date.
Status: In most areas progress is excellent, and
only minor problems exist. Firm plans still need
to be made in some areas (e.g. Preserves, Urban
Environment, Agriculture, Climate) either for
first meeting for for return visit by working
groups.,
3. Agreement in principle on plans for Second
Meeting of Joint Committee.
Status: Dates and plans for meeting agreed as
statued in Report of Meeting (Protocol). It was
flefrP-PCI tbni7 qnv_ipt- Wn111(9 1-;P
twenty, of whom small group would remain behind
for environmental tour. It was agreed that
Project Chairmen would submit technitarreports
through Dr. Kazakov and Dr. Perry, who would
prepare integrated reports for discussion and
approval at Joint COmmittee meeting. The meeting
should endorse specific plans for 1974. Among
topics to be discussed are: relationship with
.other US-USSR bilateral agreements; proper
proportion of effort among various projects;
creation of new workinggroups. Unless the
Soviet side reports otherwise, November 13-16
will stand as the date for the meeting.
4. Possibility of separating Earthquake Prediction from
our Agreement and handling under another agreement.
Status: US side will consider this Soviet ?
suggestion. Doubtful that suitable transfer can
be arranged, since National Academy is non-
governmental body and could not administer
? program run by US Government agency. However
11. S 'Liar-1Y
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5. Possibility of separating part of Agricultural
Pollution projects and handling, under US-USSR
Aricultural Agreement.
Status: US side will study this Soviet suggestion.
6. Financing of visits and exchanges.
Status: Each side made. its views clear. US side
explained that at present only EPA has authority
to follow "receiving side pays" principle, but
it will seek to broaden this so that other
agencies can adopt the principle. US side will
report further at Joint Committee meeting.
7. Difference between "working groups" and "meetings
of specialists."
Status: US side explained that in its view a
? project.was a project, and those for which
'working groups were created had no more standing
or. importance than those calling for meetings
of experts. Thus project on Effect of Pollution
on Marine Organisms was fully equal with. other
Mrxmr-o-nnAllm of I:plemcntation.
This will be discussed further and clarified
at Joint Committee meeting.
4t:
8. Travel by press representatives with visiting '
delegations.
Status: US side thanked,Soviet side for help with
this question, expressed hope that all future
groups traveling in USSR could have US press
:representation with the group. E.g. when working
sub-group visits. Baikal in August, US press
representative should accompany them. Soviet
side explained that it would continue to do its
best in this field; but Ministry of Foreign Affairs
had final responsibility, so US side should pursue
matter in that channel also. US side promised
. to do this.
9. Forming new project on economic aspect of pollution.
Status: US side welcomed this Soviet suggestion.
It could possibly fit within Legal and Administrative
? framework, or could Ile independent. US side
pc?;'i d to study.and consult further.
10. 1,.oldili -.Ehibition-Symposium on Pollutio.:. :,bal.ement
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Status: US side expressed arapreeiation for the
invitation and will seek to o=ganizc, this. US
side will be in touch both with Soviet Coordinator
and also simultaneously throucgh Chamber of Commerce
channels. Such an Exhibition- could be -announced -
in November at the Joint Commiittee meeting.
- 11. Invitation to Soviet representEatiVes to attend.
Spokane exhibition this spring,-summer.
Status: US side will arrange-9 .-intations.
? 12. Visit by Soviet delegation_ to 1:13S cellulose plants.
Status: Department of Commerce has agreed to
help arrange this visit and (CEQ will look into
arrangements and be in touch l 'with Soviet side.
13. Opportunities for scientists ,of both sides to
lecture' while visiting the other country.
Status: The Soviet side e-..Kpressed agreement ?
in principle with this US ,suggestion and
. opportunities will be sought to carry it out. -
14. Elexibility in number on deLE.-.gations (rather than
strict reciprocity on man-far-man basis).
Status: US side recognizes Cclifficults caused
by financing problems', but :hopes that strict
reciprocity can be avoided, since US side often
-needs send larger dele.gations so that all agencies
or areas can be represented- US side willing
explore idea of .extra payment in order to allow
larger numbers in some ca-sess..
-15. Adhering to exchange of info,yrmation principle.
Status: US side stated its belief ?that all
exchanges of da-ta and information in specific
areas should be on basis cif general reciprocity,
and expressed hope that Sepviet side would be
furnishing data in return for that given by
:! US side.
16. Communications should be prempter.
Status: Both sides shound urge prolect chairmen
to send cables (via the Ccoordinators if possible)
rather than letters; if Letters are sent, copies
should b so !.-.
should be made to ii.. :ove. comnicinications
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17. Further program for Legal and Administrative project.
Status: US side requested that Soviet side request
proposals from Soviet chairman, including plans
for exchanges between non-governmental conservation
groups.
Jack Perry
July 1 .1973
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EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
722 JACKSON PLACE. N. W.
WASHINGTON,C. 20006
. 0.113.9
US-USSR Environmental Program: Tentative-Dates- fOr 1973 Visits -
1. Wildlife: Alpha Helix expedition: to US: July-September
2. _Water Pollution: Lake Baikal visit: to USSR: Aug 13-27
Marine Oil Pollution from Shipping: to USSR: Aug 19-Sept 2
4. Effect of Pollution on Climate: to US: Aug 27-Sept 2
5. Integrated pest management symposium: Kiev: Sept 10-18
G. Water Pollution: River Basin Modeling: to US: Sept 10-21
7. Marine Oil Pollution from Non-Shipping Sources: to USSR:
Sp.L-1,5,44.2:e Oct 1-10)
8. Preserves: to US: Oct 15-28 (proposed joint-meeting 'S`r\
with 9 and 10)
9. ,Tundra Ecosystems/Permafrost: to US: Oct 15-28
10. Wildlife: to US: Oct 15-28
11. Pollution from Agriculture: to US: October
32. Wildlife: Swan Project: to US: October-November
13. Air Pollution ModeJ.ing/Methodolggy:,_ t.Qi3SsR_Octobero _
14. Effect of Pollution on Marine Organisms: to USSR: October
15. Urban Environment: to USSR: October
16. Earthquake Prediction: to USSR: Sept 28-Oct 12
.17. Mobile Source Air Pollution Control: to US: Nov 4-18
18. Wildlife: Marine Mammals: to US: November
19. JOINT COMMITTEE MEETING: Washington: Nov 13-16
20. Symposium on Comprehensive Analysis of the Environment:
in USSR: December
21. Air Pollution Control.: Symposium on particulates: to US:
December (or early 1974)
22. Water Pollution: Prevention or Treatment of Waste
Discharges: to USSR: December
STATINTL
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LS NO. 3646 B
IDRAFT PROGM'M
for the Conference on integrated management of agricultural pests
(Kiev, USSR)
(Aide -M6moire for the American side)
The American side proposes. the Conference be held September
For the. Soviet. September 10-18 is more suitable.
Projected attendance of 12-14 American specialists.
1st day:. Participants arrive in.Kiev, take up lodgings in,hotel,-register.'
1st day:{s c} Conference opens.
Words of welcome to conference participants.
-Reports:. G.A. Viktorov, Corresponding member of the USSR Academy. of
Sciences, 'Basic principles of organizing integrated management o
barmfUl.animals." .
Prof. Ye7M-Shumakov', "The role of biological and other new
methods in the integrated management. of pests and plant diseases.
3rd day:
Two reports by American scientists.
Discussion of reports.:
V.P. Vasil'Yev, Academician of the USSR Academy of Agricultural
Sciences, "Reasonable limitations on the use of pesticides in
integrated management."
Dr. V.A. Shape, "Use of entomophagi in the management of
agricultural pests."
Two reports by American scientists.
DisCussion of reports.
th da : Prof. I.Ya. Polyakov, "Predicting the appearance of agricultural
pests and establishing criteria for the quantity at which the
use of chemical pesticides becomes necessary."
Dr. I.D. Shapiro, "Immunity of plants to agricultural pests."
Two reports by American scientists.
Discussion of reports.
5th V Dr. R.S. Fudorinchik, "Prospects for the Use of microbiological
,Agents in managing Agricultural pests."
One report by an American scientist.
Discussion of reports.
6th day:Sightseeing in Kiev and surroundings.
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7th 4 8th day -Visit to scientific 'research institutes and organizations.
The reports will be translated into English and duplicated. Length of
report: 10-12 typewritten pages.
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES
(TRANSLATION)
DRAFT PROGRAM
LSNO. 36436 A
T-131/T-127
Russian
for the Meeting of specialists during the
visit to Lake Baikal
(August 13-27, 1973, six American Specialist's)
(Aide-MeMoire for the American side),
August 1.3, 14, 15, Moscow
The Soviet side will make the following presentations:
l. Basic principles of the organization and conduct of observations
of waste water from the Baikal Cellulose Plant, and study of the effect
of that water on the chemical composition of Lake Baikal waters.
Speaker: A.A. Zenin (Glavgidrometsluzhba) [Main Hydrometeorological
Service of the USSR]
Water balance of lake Baikal.
Speakers: V.A. Znamenskiy (GlavgidrometslUzhba)
A.N. Afanaslyev (Limnological Institute)
3. Principal processes in the formation of the chemical composition of
Baikal waters.
Speaker: K.K. Votintsev (Limnological Institute, USSR Academy of
Sciences)
4. The chemical balance of the lake's waters, with
pollutants.
Speaker: A. A. Matveyev (Glavgidrometsluzhba)
The dynamics of Lake Baikal waters.
Speakers: V.A. Znamenskiy
Vorob)yev (Limnological Institute, USSR-Academy p
consideration of
Ye.A. Tsvetova (USSR Academy of Scientes
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, Irkutsk, Baikal' k
Soviet side will present the following materials:
1. Familiarization with the organization aad conduct
observations on Lake Baikal (Glavgidrometsluzhba).
2. Familiarization with the organization
work on Lake Baikal (Glavgidrometsluzhba).
and conduct of hydrochemica
3. Familiarization with the studies of decomposition processes
cellulose lignin (Glavgidrometsluzhba).
jHow to calculate the turbulent diffusion of additives -(USSR
Academy of Sciences).
letugust 2 , 21, 22, trip on Lake Baikal. Question and answer session.
August 23
Visit to the Baikal Biological Station of the Irkutsk State University.
August 24
Visit to the Limnological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
The Soviet side will make the following presentations:
,The thermal balance of Lake Baikal.
Natural environment of the Baikal basin.
3. 1PThe, flora and fauna and productivity of Lake Baikal.
The Soviet side would like the American specialists to Make presentations
On similar topics On the basis of research On the Great Lakes, and also on,
the methods and equipment used for limnologieal investigations and on the
proper distribution of observations points.
The ship Vereshchagin will be provided for the conference.
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umMary Report
The first meeting of the U.S.-USSR Joint Working Group on
Coeperation in Water Pollution Prevention established under the
Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection
Met in Moscow March 20-23 and agre3d with Soviet water pollution
officials on a program of cooperative activities. The seven-
member U.S. delegntion was led by Dr. John Buckley, Deputy
Director, Office of Research, Envirormental Protection Agency (EPA)
and was comprised of officials of the EPA and the Council on
Environmental Quality. The Soviet delegation was headed by Boris
G. Shtepa, Deputy Minister for Reclamation and Water Management and
was composed of officials from Soviet agencies and research laboratories
concerned with water pollution control. A list of the U.S. delegation
and Soviet participants is attached at Tab A.
Background
The Water Pollution Working Group was established under the
Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection,
signed by U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and Chairman of the
Presidium of the U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet N.V. Podgorny in Moscow
on May 23, 1972. The Agreement is designed to establish close and
long-term cooperative measures and programs between the two countries
in eleven specific environmental areas, of which water pollution is one.
Chairman Russell E. Train, Chairman of the U.S. Council on
Environmental Quality and Academician E. K. Fedorov, Director of
the Soviet Union's Hydrometeorological Service signed a Memorandum
of Implementation of the Agreement in Moscow on September 21, 1972.
Working Group Discussions
Delegation leaders opened discussions at the Soviet Ministry
of Reclamation and Water Management expressing the importance of
environmental cooperation and their hopes for the discussions.
They emphasized the similarity of approaches to water pollution
control in each country, the need to plan for resource use and
preservation, the problems of industrialization and population
concentration and the expected benefits to both sides from sharing
of information and experiences and conducting joint projects.
The agreed Working Group Program is attached at Tab. B.
At U.S. suggestion each delegation gave a general description
of its country's organizational framework for dealing with water
pollution. Dr. Buckley, W. Strelow and Mr. Piano described the
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U.S. Federal Government organizations and their responsibilities and
Outlined Federal-State relations providing pertinent documents.
The Soviet delegation furnished two documents eummarizing water
pollution control activities in the USSR--"Water Conservation
and Reasonable Use of Water in the USSeandtasic Principles of the
Water Legislation of the USSR and Union Republics." The Soviet
documents are included at Tab C. A listing of U.S. documents
provided to the Soviet team :Cling the meeting is attached at Tab D.
The delegations agreed to follow the definition of work outlined
in the September 21, 1972 Memorandum of Implementation which included
(1) studies and modelling of river basin pollution, (2) protection
and management of lakes and estuaries, (3) effects of pollutants
on aquatic ecosystems and permissible level of pollution, and (4)
prevention and treatment of waste discharges. Sub-groups for each
? of these sections were established. The following officials were
named to head the subgroups: on the U.S. side, Group I, Mark Pisano;
Group IT, Arnold Joseph; Group III, Donald Mount and; Group IV,
Eenneth Johnson. On the Soviet side, subgroup leaders were Group II
V. R. Lozansky and F. Ya. Rovinsky; Group II, A. A. Zenin and
E. Eremenko; Group III, Professor G. G. Vinberg and; Group IV,
? Professor S. V. Yakovlev.
Each side proceeded to outline its objectives and approaches
to possible joint work in each of these four major areas and at
U.S. suggestion these discussions were continued in the sub-group
sessions. A summary of the initial presentations and sub-group
discussions is attached at Tab E.
Aormod Program of Comparative Activities
? At the conclusion of the sub-group talks, Dr. Buckley and
Deputy Minister Shtepa signed a Record of Discussions (Tab F)
delineating a number of agreed specific cooperative projects in
each of the four broad areas of interest to the Working Group.
Highlights of this agreed program include:
? 1. Studies and mode of river basin pollution: A two-part
project was agreed upon to develop and implement water pollution
control strategies for intensively developed river basins and a
? comparative evaluation of the costs of achieving specified water
? quality objectives in each country. The project will focus on the
Mbekva and the Seversky Donets Rivers in the USSR and the Delaware,
Ohio and other rivers in the U.S., and will encompass river basin
planning, modelling and monitoring techniques.
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Under the project a Soviet water pollution team will visit the
U.S. in the summer of 1973 to study pollution control activities
on the Delaware and Ohio Rivers and to join in outlining a program
for the river basin project plans which will be developed in each
country. In 1974 Soviet and U.S. specialists will visit the project
areas A8 required. In the fall of 1975 the USSR will sponsor a
symposium to evaluate the results of the plans and compare cost
evaluations.
2. Protection and Management of lakes and estuaries: This
agreed project would make comparative investigations of Lake Baikal
in the USSR and the Great lakes (particularly, Lake Superior) and
Lake Tahoe in the U.S. to understand and prevent pollution in lakes.
These lakes have a number of common physical characteristics; Lake
Baikal and the Great Lakes contain nearly 40 percent of the world's
lake toter. The population and land development and activities at
, Lake Tahoe are similar to those at the southern end of take Baikal.
All are experiencing pollutant inputs and consequent adverse effects
on water quality.
To conduct the project U.S. scientists will visit Lake Baikal
in August 1973, and Soviet experts will visit Lake Tahoe and the
Great Lakes in September 1974. These exchanges will be designed to
Compare methods of lake studies and data analysis and to enhance the
, scientific understanding of in?lake processes needed for management
decisons. In the spring or fall of 1975, plans are being considered
for a joint symno9ium with group I in the USA on mathematical
modelling of the processes involved in formulating water quAlity
criteria. In the spring of 1976 a symposium in the USSR may be
held or methods of planning and management for preventing lake and
estuary. pollution.
3. Effects of Pollutants on aquatic szstems and permissible
levels of pollution: This project area will study pollution
effects, processes and forecasting and examine and compare
methodologies for establishing water quality standards. Information
developed should be of benefit directly in implementing U.S.
requirements for controlling the discharge of polluting subetances.
Of particular interest on the U.S. side is the means for determining
water, quality standards for bathing in the USSR.
' The project Will develop initially through a broad exchange
)of teChnical information, to be followed by the visit of Soviet'
experts to the U.S. in the summer of 1974 to participate in a
sympopipm of pollutant effects on ecosystems and a visit of U.8.
specialists to the Soviet Union in 1976.
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4. Prevention and treatment of waste discharges: This project
would develop joint activities in waste water treatment, in particular,
to improve water supply recycling in pulp and paper plants, municipal
and industrial waste water treatment plants, recycling of oil
refinery waste water treatment and treatment and disposal of municipal
and indvstrial waste residues.
During the Working Group discussions the Soviet delegates
expressed particular interest in (a) advanced waste treatment
technologies for the oil refinery and tIla pulp and paper industries,
especially those that employ extensive recycling and re-use of waste
water; (b) continuous automated monitoring equipment and procedures; '
and (c) methods of mathematical modelling and planning based upon the
use of models. The U.S. participants were especially interested in
learning more about the extensive Soviet experience in the use of
sewage effluent and sewage sludge in land reclamation and disposal.
We also would seek to gain Soviet toxicology data to supplement our
knowledge in this field.
The project would be conducted through broad exchanges of technical
information in areas of interest to each country by August - October 1973.
These exchanges would be followed by a visit of U.S. technical experts
in each of the major project areas to the USSR in December 1973. The
visit will include joint conferences and site visits; additional more
detailed collaboration in specific areas of interest will be
delineated at that time. Soviet exports will visit the U.S. In mid-1974.
During these visits the host countries will display specific control
technologies of interest to the visiting delegations.
Concluding Session, Press Conference and Reports
At the concluding session the Working Group agreed to convene
its next meeting in Washington during the spring of 1974.
At U.S. request members of the press and other news media
were invited to observe the signing ceremonies and concluding
ceremonies and to participate in a press briefing conducted by Deputy
Minister Shtepa and Dr. Buckley. Other members of both delegations
took part in the briefing which drew correspondents and questions ,
from the "New York Times", "Christian Science Monitor", Associated
Press and United Press International. Dr. Buckley conducted interviews
later with Radio Moscow, Soviet Life Magazine and Group W Newt. Pravda
and Tags reported favorably on the meeting.
The delegation made a preliminary report of its discussions in
EMbassy Moscow telegram #3193 dated March 23. It also prepared a
press release for local use and a radio news release for use in the
USIA wireless file.
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Field Visits
During the visit in Moscow Soviet officials arranged for the
U.S. team to visit the largest of the Moscow waste water treatment
and aeration plants, an experimental storm water treatment facility,
the likhachev (ZiI) Automobile plant in Moscow, the Moscow-Oka Basin
Inspection Organization and a number of cultural sites. A summary
of the technical site visits is attached at Tab G.
Comenta on the Working Group MeetinK
The delegation to the Working Group meeting believes this first
Session of the Working Group has been a highly successful one. The
interests and objectives of both sides were essentially similar, and
no substantive disagreements occurred. The work program agreed upon
covers a vide range of mutual interests which can be pursued now
and laier extended or enlarged. It is clear that the Soviet
delegation places high priority on the program developed. They
devoted every attention to the meeting, providing continuous high-
level attention and high quality technical competence. They were
cooperative in all respects, accommodating willingly a number of changes
to the agenda and final work program suggested by the U.S. delegation.
They chose to use the U.S. prepared press release as their own. They
furnished excellent interpreting, translating and secretarial
facilities, and provided first class accommodations and arrangements
tbr cultural and site visits.
:Ctficials of the U.S. EMbassy in Moscow assisted the delegation
in comping the Russian and English texts, making visit arrangements,
transadtting repOrting telegrams, and in acting as host for a recap-. .
tion.of water and air officals
Media interest in the discussions was high and the reports
seen were favorable.
OhdOriatione and Evaluation
Economic incentives are being used effectively to improve vaste_,,
treatment practices at the Iikhachev automobile plant. The influent
streams to the treatment plant are monitored and their usual'
composition known. :If the oil content increases, the unit sending
the oil is charged for Additional treatment cost; if it Iessenal-the
unit receives eight rubles a ton for the amount recovered (which in
turn is sold at 28 rubles a ton by the waste treatment plant).. We
were also told that fines are now levied against the:plant manager
and engineer in charge of waste treatment rether-,than against trie.,,
plant, and that this system is "more effectpe but laaa lamfortable
to work under. '
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The Soviets are not just talking about pollution control. They
are actively improving their treatment systems. For example, the
experimental storm water treatment facility is apparently new since
last Jul.y. It consists of a settling basin from which oil is skimmed
and burned. Storm run?off is a major source of pollution in the Moscow
River. In the winter snowremoval and dumping in the river is the
largest source of pollution, and will be discontinued after this winter.
(tresumably, it will be dumped in setling basins as described above.)
Considerable attention was paid to showing us the best of
Mbscow and having us participate in social and cultural activities.
This seems beyond that required in ordinary hospitality related to
a technical exchange. The aspect of cultural exchange within the
Environmental Agreement is apparently important to the Soviets, and
certainly is to us. It is important that U.S. delegations be
properly briefed, so that they participate fully in cultural
activities without feeling that they are short?changing their
technical obligations. It may be necessary to schedule additional time
to assure that technical discussions are completed. Not more than 3 or
4 hours of meetings per day are tolerable, and with time required for
interpretation, this represents effectively lk to 2 hours a day. It
is important that we do an equally effective job with Soviet delegations
here. Substantial efforts will be necessary, with help from CEQ and
State, to do so.
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