GAGE-PATTY CAKE RADAR SITES PROBABLY ASSOCIATED WITH MOSCOW AIR-DEFENSE SYSTEM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04751A000700010024-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 33
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 13, 2001
• Sequence Number: 24
• Publication Date: May 1, 1960
• Content Type: IR

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Photographic Intelligence Report
GAGE-PATTY CAKE RADAR SITES
PROBABLY ASSOCIATED WITH
MOSCOW AIR-DEFENSE SYSTEM
PIC/R-4/60
MAY 1960
WARNING: HANDLE VIA TALENT CONTROL CHANNELS ONLY
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE CENTER
This document contains information usable only within the TALENT CONTROL SYSTEM.
It is to be seen on a MUST-KNOW BASIS ONLY BY PERSONNEL ESPECIALLY INDOC-
TRINATED AND AUTHORIZED. Reproduction is prohibited unless approved by the
originator.
Declass Review by NIMA / DOD
VHA[?RE~OII~S?90
T
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WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to pan unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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GAGE-PATTY CAKE RADAR SITES
PROBABLY ASSOCIATED WITH
MOSCOW AIR-DEFENSE SYSTEM
PIC/R-4/60
MAY 1960
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
INTRODUCTION. ..~.o...,,,~.o ................,,..,. 5
200-NM RADAR SITES . a .............. .... a ... 5
MICHURINSK RADAR SITE ....... . . . ...... . . . . . 8
TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE,, ........ .......... .... ,
SMOLENSK RADAR SITE .. . o ..... . ....... .. 18
BRYANSK RADAR SITE. . o . o . .................. 21
14-NM RADAR SITES .. a ......... ...... , ...... 21
KOTOVO RADAR SITE ... a . .. , ....... . ... 24
ODINTSOVO RADAR SITE . .. .. ... . .... ....... 24
COMMUNICATIONS CENTER NEAR LOZHKI a ...... . . ..... . . 27
CONCLUSIONS.e.. ............................. ,, 28
LIST OF GRAPHICS
page
FIGURE 1. MAP OF 200--NM SITES ..... 4
FIGURE 2. PHOTOGRAPH OF MICHURINSK RADAR SITE. ..... 6
FIGURE 3. LINE DRAWING OF OPERATIONS AREA,
MICHURINSK RADAR SITE ............ .. ... 7
FIGURE 4. PHOTOGRAPH AND LINE DRAWING OF
TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE. o a .... .. . ...... 1
FIGURE 5. LINE DRAWING OF OPERATIONS AREA,
TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE .... . o ... o o ....... v~.
FIGURE 6. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH AND LINE DRAWING OF
SMOLENSK RADAR SITE .... a ..... , ... 19
FIGURE 7. GROUND PHOTOGRAPH OF SMOLENSK RADAR SITE 19
FIGURE 8. MAP OF 14- -NM SITES, . ..... ........... , ? . 22
FIGURE 9. PHOTOGRAPHS OF KOTOVO RADAR SITE . , 23
FIGURE 10a-b. PHOTOGRAPHS OF ODINTSOVO RADAR SITE ... 25
FIGURE 11, PHOTOGRAPH OF COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
NEAR LOZHKIo.oo .....................27
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FIGURE 1. MAP SHOWING LOCATION OFGAGE-PATTY CAKE RADAR SITES POSITIONED ON 200-NM-RADIUS
CIRCLE AROUND MOSCOW. See Figure 8 for location of 14-nm sites.
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INTRODUCTION
A total of six radar sites, each containing GAGE, PATTY CAKE, CROSS
OUT/BARLOCK, and ROCK CAKE/STONE CAKE radars, have been iden-,
tified on photography in the European USSR. The location of sites in relation
to Moscow indicates that they are probably associated with the Moscow
air--defense system.
Four of the sites -- those near Michurinsk,Temnikov, Smolensk, and
Bryansk and are located on points of a projected 200-nm (nautical mile)-
radius circle which has Moscow as its center,, The chord distance between
the Mich}.rrinsk and Temnikov sites and between the Smolensk and Bryansk
sites is approximately 125 nm. Extending chords of this length from the
known locations to other points on a projection of the arc would place sites
near Livny, Toropets, Borovichi, Cherepovets, Kostroma, and Gorkiy. A
site has been reported near Borovichi 1/, but its existence has not yet been
verified from photography or otherwise confirmed.
The other two radar sites -- near Kotovo and Odintsovo -- are 14 nm
from Moscow, Since only these two sites have been identified, the existence
of a 14 rim ring of sites has not been confirmed. GAGE with other radars,
however, have been reported near Khi.mki, Izmaylovo, and Makarovo,
roughly 14 nm from Moscow, 2/
200-NM RADAR SITES
Three of the 200' nm sites (Michurinsk, Temnikov, and Smolensk) are
simLar i n design and contain a secured (double-fenced) operations area and
a nearby fenced support area. Each operations area includes up to seven
radars an operations bunker, operational support structures, and probable
t:ransrnit:i`ing and receiving antennas oriented toward Lozhki, 26 nrn north-
west. of Moscow. The support areas contain single-family-type housing
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FIGURE 2. MICHURINSK RADAR . The facilities within the support area are typical of all identified sites.
Date of photograph
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FIGURE 3. OPERATIONS AREA, MICHURINSK RADAR SITE. This layout of facilities is similar to that at the
Smolensk site.
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units, barracks, and recreation and utility facilities o Visible facilities at the
fourth site, near Bryansk, which is only partially covered by photography,
include four radars and aja operations bunker,.
The radar site near Michurinsk, covered by aerial photography on
is located 5.5 nm east-northeast of the city at 52?55'N/
40?39'E (Figure 1). The site is on level, cleared ground (former Tapinka
Airfield) 525 feet above sea level and is served by an improved road from
IMichurinsk. A double-tr,_ick rail line runs adjacent to the site, and Varva-
rrinskiy station 3/ (a passenger stop) is nearby, ;'A view of the site from the
rail line would be obscured by a windbreak of trees planted along the rail-
road.
The radar site has two components (Figu re 2) : a. double-fenced opera
tions area and a single -fenced support area, U.S m apart and connected by
in improved road 20 feet wide.. The operations area is served by a tele-
graph/telephone line from a line along the railroad, The support area is
served by a telegraph/telephone line from Va-rrvarinsk.iy station and by a
power line.
Operations Area
The double fence enclosing the operations area (Figure 3) is trapezoidal.
iIn shape. The outer fence lines measure 3,050,."",400, 1,620, and 2,400 feet
and enclose an area of 1~9 acres., The area contains seven radars, an
operations bunker, a gatehouse, and operational support structures including
a probable diesel power plant and a probable equipment-maintenance
building -- all located along a road near the southeastern fence. Two prob-
able transmitting antennas and a probable receiving antenna are located
along the northwestern fence. Measures to elirnirn.ate ground clutter near the
radars (thus increasing, their efficiency in near-horizon scanning) are
apparent from the fact that within a radius of 1 ,650 feet of the radars there
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are only two aboveground wire lines; these are the two feed lines, on
16-foot-high poles, leading to the communications antennas from the oper--
ations bunker, The communications antennas are more than 1,650 feet
from the -radars, and the telegraph/telephone line is apparently underground
within 1,650 feet of the radars,
Radars e The seven radars in the operations area include two GAGE, two
PATTY CAKE, two probable ROCK CAKE/STONE CAKE, and one CROSS
OUT/BAR LOCK, Prepared positions for all radars are in a line along the
road, None of the radar reflectors has any apparent movement.
The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars are positioned on individual earth
mounds, each approximately 20 feet l igh. These radars are in two identical
groups, each group containing a GAGE and a PATTY CAKE, The GAGE is
330 feet from the PATTY CAKE in each group, and the groups are 1,780
feet apart, The mound f h radar -robabl covers an equipment bunker
which has an entrance rac on the road side and a
smaller entrance on the opposite side, Each equipment bunker has two
probable ventilators. Between and aligned with the radar mounds in each
group are two stick masts, each approximately 85 feet high, Two small
structures, each approximately 5 by 5 feet, are located between the stick
masts, Similar-type masts are utilized at power substations as lightning
arresters and at many -radar sites as communications antennas,
Bemeen the GAGE and PATTY CAKE radar groups is a probable ROCK
CAKE /STL ONE CAKE radar on a prepared position at ground level, a CROSS
OUT/BAR LOCK radar on a flat:.-topped mound 55 by 40 feet, and a vacant
prepared position for another probable ROCK CAKE/STONE CAKE radar.
The radar for this position is parked near the operations bunker and does
not have the sail assembled?
Open:?ations Bunker, The operations bunker, located adjacent to the
mid-point of the road through the operations area, is flat-roofed and re--
vetted and measures 110 by 80 feet, The bunker is similar to launch control
bunkers at the Kapustin Yarr Missile Test Center,
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The bunker has a rr.a.ie, entrance: on t south side: and a possible
emergency exit on the eL1 t.sidt-. The feed line to,, the probable transmitting
antennas connects throLgh the.! west side and tht feed line for the probable
receiving antenna conne~:t s through the north side., Two possible vents and
a possible whip mast are positioned on the roof
Operational Support Structures.- Neal-, the road entrance is a single-
story, gable-roofed. probable diesel power piaiit measuring 55 by 30 feet,
i'hree vents are on thr roof, and nearby are three possible, horizontal
cylindrical tanks,,
A single. story probable: equipment -maintenance building, 45 by 45 feet,
with a low -pitched gable .roof is located near the probable pov,,er plant..
Between the inner and outer fences at the road entrance is a single--story
gable-roofed gatehouse, 25 by 15 feet,,
Two vehicle revetments (possibly abandoned are visible 250 feet and
:350 feet, respectively, northeast of type ope ations bunker A total of 14
small, low objects (resembling rn,.anh.oles) are scattered around the opera
(ions bunker, power plant, and GAGE PATTY CAKE,, and CROSS OUT/BAR
I,OCK radars, but not neat t:iue ROCK CAKE;/STONE CAKE radar positions.
' These objects are in lcrt;ations where under gw ound power - fine bends or
junction boxes might be &i-ticipated, but it wor, Vd not be expected that roan
h~.oles would be required ar these points? Along the outer fence 300 feet west
(:of the road entrance is a .,rick rnaat Z`'S feet. h i ;h
Communications Antrennas o The comrnun, cations antennas, located in
the northwestern part of the ofer?ations area, include two probable ('tans-
ir-ritting antennas and one fp;robabfe; receiving antenna, The transmitting
antennas are 670 feet fror o o the - E ceiving antenna. The two probable tr a.ns =.
n-ii.tting antennas are belie ved robe., hoi izontafl : poiIarized, center-fed single
wires, multiple wires, O, cages supported b~: v iree masts in a line., each
25X1D )0 feet high, and separate d by distances of The antennas
way operate on different t _-equencies si,,c:e the pole.-to-pole distances vary
25X1 D A per. pendicular- hnseci o-t- of these tw t~nnas is on an azi.nruw h of
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The Kremlin (Moscow) is on an azimuth of
from the site at a distance of 202 nm? A feed line, supported by 15-foot-high
poles spaced 70 feet apart, leads from the operations bunker to a pole 520
feet from the antennas, This pole has an attached junction box, Separate
feed line's lead from the junction box to probable impedance -matching stubs
located at the mid-point of each antenna.
The probable receiving a eenna is believed to be a single rhombic
supported by four masts, each 50 feet high, forming a square on a
side, A feed line, supported by 15--foot-high poles 35 feet apart, leads from
the operations bunker to a point within the rhombic and then angles over to
a probable matching/flaring stub i ear one of the masts. This antenna is
probably the second at this location; the former one consisted of possibly
two parallel, center-,fed, horizontally polarized dipoles. The feed line led
through the center of the former antenna. Although the location of the an-
tenna masts have been shifted, the feed line remains in the same position,
accounting for a bend near its present terminus, The orientation of the
probable former antenna was nd the orientation of the present
rhombic antenna is
Although the masts for the receiving antenna could accommodate hor i -
zontally polarized dipoles, the existing feed-line termination indicates the
use of a rhombic (see Ternnikov Radar Site, below, for further indications).
This rhombic, however, is unusual, since its major axis is approximately
the same as its minor axis and the tilt (side apex) angle approximates 45
degrees. A rhombic of similar design is described in G. S. Ajsenberg's
book Ku_rzwellen-?Ante7nnen, dated 1954, which states that a rhombic with a
tilt angle of 45 degrees, a side length of l,0, and an antenna height of
0.35 A, is used for receiving over a short distance of 400-600 km (200-
300 nro)
The rhombic antenna at this radar site has a tilt angle of 45 degrees,
but the ratio of side length to antenna height is 1/0024, or 1,48/0.35, rather
than the described design ratio of 1/0,35. This difference in ratio may be a
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l1'"act:iical exI t'a t ut at slat'., The,, ideutif,.catiou of tlLe rhombic as a
-',Ceiving an :`:e~ll`na and trt:; ho kz i t i. wires as transniittirig antennas is
eased on the `:,;ape, of susl t ct:ed feed .lines anti tile: relative location of the
'intennas to one. anotherr...
The pole updcing of 70 i eet to, t1 c ft e d line i o , rit probable t r?ansrrrftting
antennas is ac.cec:.-abie four an open ansr,mrssiorr line but is at or above
1 e maxirrrurrr for a sbielda -i Tine. 4 I I e pole spac i, ng of 35 feet for the feed
ire to the probatlie receiving aiitecma is comp.atit le with either a balanced
wo; four wire or shielded cable Lines Since ate freed lines to both antenna
s;.!soups are close toget :.er. it r day rave beery cctaisiaered aesirabie to shield
Le receiving feed TYne,,
Nnd fire from the Ma lior izontaily poladr. izr':c antennas is practically
dull, resulting in little or ifo interference, with ttie reception qualities of the
.iornbic.. If the rhombic wt -re utilized for transit sting and the horizontally
polarized. antennas for rece..,ivi.ng, side, lobes from the rhombic could inter -
Fere with r?ecept:ion qualities of tI1.c horizoutallyy poiarizedantennas".
support Area
'1'liis area. is single ?fc:nce., contains a total of 69 strructures, and is
7erved by an improved ro'td, a I;ov t lin and a telegraph; teicpt one line?
it has farri ly type housing units acrd re re at:ion faci ~..itfes along with barracks
:.3rd utility support fac litit s?
Mayor structures in ti t,, art, iirclr.de "Le fc,il~ v g.-
14 single family .rpf hog sing uriit:s, 40 tay L fe?:t
single family- t , pe hou sirrg milts, 45 b, 3') feet
ri iu: rstor. Py a.dn iI d sty at ion * ype huildrz,g, 80 by 40 tees
3 ban _rac: _s, l i is t 4o r,lv St ,, and 50 o 35 feet
hr.eating;'auxi. ia:ry pow , I!1 rut, oU t_ly 6ti feet, witl-ti nearby square
po,s ibis.' coo.a i,rg towe : of wood. ceiis suction
possible recreation bur .ding; 00 by 6o t?,. '
lid waritel,otrse j'rri~ef riteuduue t. pe buiictirt ;s ranging trunk 40 by 30
o I :)u by 30 i eer
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possible vehicle maintenance building, 50 by 40 feet
gatehouse, 25 by .120 feet
Other facilities in the area include an open storage section, a bulk
storage section, a water tower, a possible water-treatment plant, and an
ice-skating rink,
TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE
The radar site near Temnikov, covered by aerial photography of
is located 15 nm west southwest of the city at 54 ?31 `N/42?49'E
(Figure :L). The site is on levei, wooded ground 525 feet above sea level and
is served by an improved road from the village of Stantsiya Barashevo
(54?3:2?N/42?52'-E). This village is 3 nm east-northeast of the site and is a
station on a spur line from the Moskovsko-Ryazanskaya railroad. The area
surrounding the site is covered partially by dense stands of mature timber
averaging 40.50 feet in height and partially by forest plantations from
nursery-stock height up to 20 feet.
The site has two components (Figure 4) o a double-fenced operations
area and a single--fenced support area, one nm apart and connected by an
improved road. No teleg raph/telepeone lines are evident. This site is very
similar to the radar site near Michurinsk. described above.
Operations Area
The double-fence around the operations area was originally in the
shape of a trapezoid, A small triangle-shaped area was added at the
southern corner, resulting in a jog in the two fences (Figure 5), The outer
fence encloses an area of 129 acres? The area contains six radars, a
probable radar mound under construction, an operations bunker, a gate-
house, and operational support structures including a probable diesel
power plant and a probable equipment-maintenance building -- all located
along a road near the east fence,, Probable transmitting and receiving
antennae, are located near the west fence. The area is covered with scattered
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25X1 D FIGURE 4. PHOTOGRAPH AND LINE DRAWING OF TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE. Date of photography,
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~.)._GAGE RADAR
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OCK CAKE/STONE CAKE RADAR
FIGURE 5. OPERATIONS AREA, TEMNIKOV RADAR SITE. This area originally had a trapezoid shape but the
southern corner was extended to accommodate a radar.
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remains of a forest plantation averaging from light cover near the radars
to very dense cover net, r ti~.e: communications antennas, The trees in this
plantation are up to 20 te.et in height. Within a radius of 1,650 feet of the
radars, the only abovegrc: nd wire lines are two feed lines on 15-foot-high
poles leading to the comruunications antennas from the operations bunker.
Tent bases outside the fE Faced area could indicate recent construction.
Radars: The six radars in the area include two GAGE, two PATTY
CAKE, and two possible ROCK CAKE/STONE CAKE, The dimensions of a
probable radar mound under construction near the operations bunker
approximate the dimensions of the mound at the Michurinsk site which
supports a CROSS OUT., BAR LOCI:. None of t.rte radar reflectors has any
apparent movement,
The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars are in two groups and are posi-
.ioned on individual mounds similar in design and. dimensions to the mounds
it the Michurinsk rada ~ site, The mounds have similar entrances and
probable ventilators, with adjacent stick masts and small structures,
The possible ROCK CAKE/STONE CAKE :radars are on square, ele-
vated platforms, each 40 feet high,, The northernmost ROCK CAKE/STONE
CAKE radar is on a platform 30 by 330 feet and is in the same ground posi-
.ion as its counterpart ti-_ the Mic:hurinsk sit(, he other radar, on a plat-
form 45 by 45 feet, is located south of the GAGE-PATTY CAKE group,
resulting in the fence--:fine jog? Both platforms a rt supported on four vertical.
columns by interwoven lattice supports? One of the columns for each plat-
form is road served and m easures 10=-15 feet in one horizontal dimension.
For the probable radar- mound under construction there is a partial
ground outline of the mound--base limits, with a bunker in the center, The
bunker has an entrance on the road side anti a slot in the roof from the
entrance to the peak., A probable radar vane possibly to be placed on the
mound when completed i~ parked near the operations bunker.
Operations Bunker ? The operations bunker is adjacent to tte mid-point
of the road through the opera ions area., Its design, dimensions, and external
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features are similar to those of the, operations bunker at the Michurinsk
sited
Operational Support Structures The probable. diesel power plant and
the probable equipment-maintenance building are similar to those at the
Michurinsk site. A total of five small, low objects (resembling manholes)
are scattered near the GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars. A single-story
gable-roofed structure 45 by 15 feet is located 300 feet west of the opera-
tions bunker. The structure is served by an unimproved road and is par-
tially enclosed by a fence? Parked nearby are two possible flat-bed trailers.
This may be a radar-assembly area, Two vehicle revetments are in the
vicinity.
Communications Antenna-s-. The communications antennas, located in
the northwest part of the area, include two probable transmitting antennas
and a probable receiving antenna, Not all antenna masts and feed-line poles
can be identified, owing to dense ground cover, but cleared areas indicate
that those which cannot be identified probably exist.
Only one mast is visible in the transmitting-antenna group, but the
cleared areas approximate the mast locations at the Michurinsk site, The
feed-line poles, where visible, are spaced 70 feet apart. The cleared strip
area for the feed line splits into two cleared strips, indicating feed lines
similar to that at the Michurinsk site,
Three masts, each approximately 50 feet high, are visible in the re-
ceiving-antenna area,, Cleared areas approximate a square configuration
similar to that of the rhombic antenna at the Michurinsk site, The orienta
tion of both antennas is approximately 295 degrees. The Kremlin (Moscow)
is on an azimuth of 295 degrees at a distance of 195 nm from the site,
Support Area
The single-fenced support area contains a total of 75 structures and is
served by an improved road., The facilities are similar to those at the
Michurinsk site and include family --type housing units, barracks, and
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recreation and utility facilities., outside the ter;ced area are revetments,
: enches, a rifle range, a, yc[ an unused r u roan b;: d,
Major structures in t e area include the following:
24 single--family type housing units, 40 key 25 feet
' single - family-:y~pe housing units, 4 by 35 feet
u aultistory adrr fu rst ' :iorr t ?1 E bui airig,; 80 by 40 feet
S barracks, 177S by 4t., 140 by 35, 140 by 35, 70 by 35, and 70 by
35 feet
heating; auxiliary power plant, Sa by bi) feet, with nearby square
Flossible coon ing wv er.
possible recreation building, 00 by bU fc+et
13 warehouse/rriiint:enance rype: buridiiigs ranging from 40 by 30
to 1:30 by 30 feet
1:ossible vehicle maintenance building, DDDO by 40 feet
gatehouse, 25 by 20 feet
`;MOLENSK. RADAR SITE
T1?,Ae radar site near `)moiensk is located 6,1: nrn west-northwest of the
city near the village of Staryye Batel*i at 54"49'N/31?49E (Figure 1). The
s;ite is on level, brushy ground 630 feet above sea level, and is served by
an improved road, The site is covered by aerial photography of
and by ground pnotograp -..y of t e site has two components
(Figure 6); a double--fen ed operations area and a single -fenced support
area, 0.7 nrn apart and connected, by an improvea road 20 feet wide,..
Operations Area
The operations area Figure 7 1,, ne:curC1a nyadouble fence in the snape
of a trapezoid, has outer fence lines 3,ahO, 2;,400, 1,620, and 2,400 feet long
and covers 129 acres, Tf e a:r"ea in ontainec four radars; in five
radars and in sev(, ti. radars, 'so located in the area in was an
operations bur, er, a gatehouse, a probable dieLel power plant, a probable
equipment-maintenance building, and two teed lines leading to probable
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FIGURE 6. PHOTOGRAPH AND LINE DRAWING OF SMOLENSK RADAR SITE. Date of photograph
1. GAGE RADAR
2. PATTY CAKE RADAR
3. STONE CAKE RADAR
4. BAR LOCK RADAR
5. OPERATIONS BUNKER
6. STONE CAKE RADAR
7. PROBABLE DIESEL
POWER PLANT
8. PATTY CAKE RADAR
9. GAGE RADAR
I
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FIGURE ROUND PHOTOGRAPH OF OPERATIONS AREA, SMOLENSK RADAR SITE. Date of photography,
-19-
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communications antennas, The o
plant are also identified on
operations areas of the sites
;rations bunker and the diesel power
hotography, The area is similar to the
near Michurinsk and Temnikov,
in the area in-were two GAGE and two
Radars: The four radars
PATTY CAKE. The five radars in
and one CROSS OUT/BAR LOCK, In
ere two GAGE, two PATTY CAKE,
the seven radars were two GAGE,
two PATTY CAKE, one BAR LOCK, two STONE CAKE,
The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars, in all years, have been on
mounds similar in design to those at the Michurins and Temnikov sites
and having similar accessory equipment (masts and small structures), The
-coverage shows the GAGE radars to be revolving. The photog-
raphy shows attached WITCH-type interrogators on the GAG
Also, the =coverage shows that the BAR LOCK and STONE CAKE
radars are in positions similar to those at the other radar sites. The BAR
LOCK appears to be slightly elevated above the terrain, The elevation of
the STONE CAKE positions cannot be determined. Neither of the radar
reflectors appears to be revolving,
Operations Bunker: The operations bunker is adjacent to the mid-point
of the road through the operations area. Its design, dimensions, and external
features are similar to those of the operations bunkers at Michurinsk and
Temnikov,
Operational Support Structures: The probable diesel power plant and
the probable equipment-maintenance building are similar to those at the
other sites. Ground photography of-shows a single-story gable.-roofed
structure north of the operations bunker,
Communications Antennas . Two of the stick masts, supporting commu-
nications antennas, are visible at this site on ground photography, Two
feed lines lead toward the east fence from t e operations bunker. These
feed lines are in the same relative location as those leading toward the
communications antennas at other sites, Six vertical antenna poles were
reported east of the radars in_ 5/
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Support Area
The support area in =consisted of facilities similar to those in the
support areas at the Michurinsk and Ternnikov radar sites. A total of 55
structures are located in the area, Major structures include the following-,
14 single-family--type housing units, 30 by 20 feet
13 single-family-type housing units, 35 by 25 feet
multistory administration-type building, 90 by 35 feet
3 barracks, 175 by 60, 150 by 50, and 150 by 40 feet
heating/auxiliary power plant, 65 by 50 feet, with nearby square
possible cooling tower
possible recreation building, 80 by 80 feet
1 0 warehouse/maintenance-type buildings ranging from 30 by 30
to 100 by 30 feet
possible vehicle-maintenance building, 65 by 50 feet
gatehouse, 25 by 20 feet
Other facilities in the area include a standpipe, bulk storage, open
storage, a possible water -t:reatm ent plant, and an athletic field,
The radar site near Bryansk, identified from ground photography of
= is located 7 nm west of the city at approximately 53'13'N/34'11'E,
near the village of Krasnaya Gorka (Figure 1). The site is on a cleared
ridge at an approximate elevation of 620 feet. Visible facilities include two
GAGE and two PATTY CAKE radars and an operations bunker.. These
radars are colocated in two groups, with the operations bunker in the
middle. This pattern is similar to that at the other sites. A perpendicular
to the line of radars is oriented toward Moscow.
14-NM RADAR SITES
The two radar sites 14 nm from Moscow are near Kotovo and Oclint-
sovo (Figure 8). The Kotovo site was observed, reported, and photographed
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LEGEND
RADAR SITE IDENTIFIED
ON PHCI'$OGRAPHY
A POSSIBLE;! COMMUNICATIONS
Pu! fikino
Fryazino
-' \ Nogins
yM,,CSC(]W,..
J~ P onino
0
L_ ._
20 30 40
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SUPPORT AREA
GAGE (IN FOREGROUND)
FIGURE 9. KOTOVO RADAR SITE. Photographs show the eastern portion (above) and the western ortion be-
low). Thesee views, oriented south, are from a boat on the Volga River Canal. Date of photograph
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The Odintsovo site, first reported in as
reported and photographed numerous times from In
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areas each contained eight radars and an operations bunker, The support
areas are similar to those at the :00--nm sites,
KOTOVO RADAR SITE
The Kotovo radar site (Figure 9) is south of the east bank of the Mos--
cow-Volga Canal between the highway and railroad bridge east of Kotovo,
12,9 nm north --northwest of the Kremlin, at S50581N/37032?E. The operations
area and support area are approximately 0?3 nm apart:.
Operations Area
The operations area contains eight radars in a line and an operations
bunker midway along the line, The radars are in the following order along
the line e CROSS OUT, GAGE, PATT Y CAKE, STONE CAKE, STONE CAKE,
PATTY CAKE, GAGE, and CROSS OUT. The CROSS OUT and STONE CAKE
radars are mounted on elevated platforms approximately 40 feet high
supported by cylindrical brick towers, The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars
are on earth mounds similar to those at the 200 -nm sites,, The operations
bunker appears similar to those at the other sites, A perpendicular line to
the line of radars is oriented toward Moscow.
Support Area
The only part of the support area visible on photography includes some
of the housing area, two barracks, and a water tower, These facilities
appear similar to those at support areas at other sites.
ODINTSOVO RADAR SITE
The Odintsovo radar site (Figure 10) is 13,4 nm west-southwest of the
Kremlin at 55o409N/37''016`E. The site is on level cleared ground between
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OPERATIONS AREA SUPPORT AREA
FIGURE 10a. ODINTSOVO RADAR SITE. This photograph shows that the site has
a support area similar to those at the 200-nm sites. Date of photography
PATTY CAKE STICK MAST GAGE W/WITCH EIGHT
FIGURE lob. PORTION OF OPERATIONS AREA, ODINTSOVO RADAR SITE. This photograph shows
the relationship of the radars mounds stick masts, and small structures in a GAGE-PATTY CAKE radar
group. Date of photograph
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the railroad and road leading from Moscow to Golitsyno and is surrounded
by the following villages: Odintsovo, Mamonovo, Akishevo, Akulovo, and
Vnukovo,
This site was first reported in _6/ The site consists of a double-
fenced operations area and a single.-fenced support area, approximately
0.5 nm apart, The operations area is similar to that at the Kotovo site, and
the support area is similar to those at the 200 -nm sites,
Operations Area
This double-fenced area contains eight -radars in a line with an opera-
tions bunker at the mid-point of the line., and at least two operational support
structures
The eight radars in- were in a line in the following order e CROSS
OUT, GAGE, PATTY CAKE, STONE CAKE, STONE CAKE, PATTY CAKE,
GAGE, and CROSS OUT, The CROSS OUT and STONE CAKE radars are
mounted on elevated platforms approximately 40 feet high supported by
cylindrical brick towers. Both CROSS OUT radars have END BOX attached
to their upper reflectors, The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars are on
earth mounds similar to those at the other sites. Both GAGE radars have
WITCH EIGHT identification, friend or foe (IFF) antennas attached to the
reflector.
The GAGE and PATTY CAKE radars, at least during had
camouflage netting around each to hinder ground observation. Some time
before-the netting was removed, Also prior to-stick masts, each
approximately 85 feet high, were installed between the radars. These masts
are similar to those at the other sites,
Two possible radars, nicknamed DRUM HEAD and HOT PLATE, were
at the site in DRUM HEAD was removed sometime in
he purpose of each radar is unknown. DRUM HEAD is a
pedestal-mounted parabolic open-mesh dish approximately 30 feet in dia-
meter positioned on an earth mound, its support is too low to permit a
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horizon scan, The HOT PLATE resembles a small horn, fed by a`wave
guide, and is mounted on a lattice tower.
The operations bunker is similar in design and external characteristics
to those at other sites, An entrance, visible on ground photography, appears
to be large enough to perrrmirr veir.icles to enter the bunker, A FISH NET IFF
is located near one of the bunker ventilators..
The operational support structures appear similar to those at the other
sites and include a probable diese~_~ power plant, a probable equipment.
maintenance building, and numerous smaller structures, A WHIFF radar
is mounted on top of one spma : er structure and a FISH NET IFF is mounted
on another, Also present arc: numerous vans and unidentified stick masts.,
Support Area
The support area is single fenced and is similar to those at other
sites, In it contained .'S individual family-type housing units, an
administ=ration-type building, 2 barracks, a gatehouse, a water tower, and
approximately 10 warehouse type buildings. A construction camp consisting
of numerous tents and other structures was nearby,
COMMUNICATIONS CENTER NEAR LOZHKI
A communications center possibly associated with the radar sites is
located at 56'05 'N/37 ?07 `E, near Lozhki (Figure 8). Lozhki is on the Mos -
cow-Leningrad highway, app.~.roxi
mately 26 nm northwest of the
Kremlin, The orientation azimuths
of the communications antennas at.
the 200-nm sites intersect approx
imately near Lozhki,
The center has been reported
by Western observers since FIGURE 11. COMMUNICATIONS CENTER NEAR LOZHKI.
and was photographed in
dill is on the horizon. Date of photography-
lilliff
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-The installation has in antes?r a tarrn and a support area (Figure 11).
-Although the center is r:ros iy Ixidderr, from ground. observers by heavy
i.irnber, the antenna farm is re.poea. t.o conrairm rhornbics, cage dipoles,
Jared horizontal wires s'apjpo"t .d ley tO-l00 stick masts, each approximately
=;0 feet high. 8/ The ported antenna types and stick-mast heights at
this center are compatible- with antenna configurations and mast heights at
the 200-nm radar sites, [he support area contains multistory permanent
buildings and a heating/power plant,
CONCLUSIONS
1. The radar sites as original- designed contained GAGE and PATTY
CAKE radars. Subsequent additions included CROSS OUT, BAR LOCK,
and STONE CAKE radars,
2. The Odintsovo radar site was the first reported site, This site was
first reported in
3. A total of 10 radar sites may be deployed at 125-nm chord intervals
on an arc with a 200-rem radius from Moscow..
7. The radar'sites are probably associated witn the Moscow air-defense
at any other locations?
6e A communications ceuiter near Lozh i, 2b niu northwest of Moscow,
possibly the communications ce,rker tor tie radar sites.
4. All the sites have sintila:rr, opt:c?atioris and support facilities.
5. Colocated GAGE and PATT CAKE radars have not been identified
system.
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ACIC. WAC 154, W!, 167
AMS, Series N501, Sheets NN 36-9, 38-4, 2d ed, Oct 56, 1 ?250,000 (U)
ACIC. USATC, Series 200, 0166-16A, 1st ed, Nov 58, 10200,000 (S)
ACIC, USATC, Series 100 (Prov), 2d ed (Prov),
Mar 57, 1:100,000 (Sr 25X1A
ACIC. USATC, Series 100 st ed, Jun 54, 1.0100,000 (S)
, 2d ed, Dec 53, 1 ?25,000 (S)
ACIC. USTCM, Series 25,
1. USAF, Hq, DPIR Electronics (Ky No 1, Gage/Patty Cake Radar
Sites, May 54 (S.
USAF, Hq? DPIR Electronics (K) No H, "Gage" Radar, Jan 56 (S)
2. USAFE, Electronic Order, of Battle fore USSR and Soviet Satellite
Areas, i Jan 60 (S)
3. CIA., CR #5, USSR Railroad Stations, Jun 56, P228 (U)
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