PROPULSION TEST COMPLEX KURUMOCH, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04751A000400010045-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 21, 2003
• Sequence Number: 45
• Publication Date: November 1, 1960
• Content Type: IR

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PIC/JR-1002/60
November 1960
PROPULSION TEST COMPLEX
KURUMOCH, USSR
Published and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE CENTER
Declass Review by NIMA / DoD
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This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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PROPULSION TEST COMPLEX
KURUMOCH, USSR
PIC/JR-1002/60
November 1960
I
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Published and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE CENTER
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This joint photographic intelligence report has been prepared by the
Army, Navy, and Central Intelligence Agency in response to general re-
quirements concerning guided missile activity in the USSR. It presents a
photographic analysis of a rocket propulsion test complex under construc-
tion near Kurumoch, USSR and estimates its significance and impact on
future Soviet missile programs.
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A large propulsion test complex is being constructed in an isolated
wooded area along the Volga River near the village of Kurumoch between
the Kuybyshev and Stavropol industrial complexes. This test complex
represents a major Soviet rocket engine test facility, and therefore pro-
vides an important link in determining the capabilities of Soviet rocketry.
Analysis of the photography reveals that the complex is being constructed
to develop a new high-thrust liquid-propellant rocket engine, probably for
future Soviet space programs. Since there are no manufacturing facilities
at the complex, associated production facilities are probably located near-
by, either at Kuybyshev or Stavropol.
INTRODUCTION
The Kurumoch Propulsion Test Complex, covered by photography of
is located at 53-31N 49-49E just north of the Volga River,
23 nautical miles (nm) northwest of Kuybyshev, and 12 nm east of Stavropol
(see Figure 1). The complex is composed of a static test area, a support
area, and a housing area (see Figure 2), with each area being served by
roads and rail spurs which connect with the main road and rail line
between Kuybyshev and Stavropol. Air support could be provided by the
road- and rail-served Kurumoch Airfield, 13 nm to the east, which at the
time of photography was nearing completion. Adequate power for operations
at the complex is supplied by the Zhigulevsk Hydroelectric Power Plant
Kuybyshev GES Lenin at the nearby Zhigulevsk Dam, and water is supplied
from the Volga River by buried pipelines. Housing facilities within the
complex will provide a total of about 222 family units and billets for
approximately 510 single personnel.
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STATIC TEST AREA
The Static Test Area, situated about 1.4 nmnorth of the Support Area,
is being constructed in a wooded area, 3, 940 by 3,840 feet, which is secured
by a single wire fence and guard towers. The chief features of the area
are a large static test stand with a nearby control bunker position, a fabri-
cation building, numerous liquid-storage tanks, extensive ditching, and
other supporting facilities (see Figure 3). On-site housing provides about
86 billets for single personnel, and a small housing development nearby,
if taken over by this operation, would provide approximately 30 family
units. Water for the area operations will be supplied from the Volga River
by a buried pipeline. Power will probably be supplied from the hydro-
electric plant at the Zhigulevsk Dam by overhead transmission lines. Other
STAVROPOL
INDUSTRIAL
COMPLEX U/C
TO CHAPAVEVSK
15 NM I
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF THE KURUMOCH PROPULSION TEST COMPLEX IN RELATION TO KUYBYSHEV
AND STAVROPOL INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES. The. construction of these test facilities near these industrial
complexes suggests that some type of missile production will be or is under way in this area.
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KURUMOCH
PROPULSION
TEST COMPLEX U/C
-~ Th. KURUMOCH
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MAIN RAIL LINE
FIGURE 2. PROPULSION TEST COMPLEX. The complex is situated in an isolated wooded area between Kuy-
byshev and Stavropol.
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logistic support will be supplied by an all-weather road and rail spur,
both of which connect with the main road and rail serving Kuybyshev and
Stavropol. A detailed description of facilities follows (item numbers cor-
respond with those on Figure 3).
(1) Static test stand under construction, I eet and approxi-
mately 60 to 70 feet high. A configurational analysis of this structure and
its surrounding terrain is portrayed in Figure 4. Two bridge piers are
situated on the northern slope of the pit, probably for supporting a road
bridge to service the test stand. Since the test stand is in an early stage
of construction, its ultimate height cannot be positively determined; how-
ever, it may possibly reach a height of
above the floor of the pit, which approximates that of the possible abutment
structure.
(2) Probable control bunker under construction which consists of an
(3) Unidentified structure. This structure is in line with the two
piers on the slope of the pit and could be an abutment for a servicing
bridge as well as a junction point for the several servicing pipelines.
(4) Unidentified facility under construction. An excavation is being
dug for this facility, which will be isolated from the rest of the area.
(5) Three buildings and two sheds. These structures range from 65
by 40 feet to
D
(6) Fabrication-type building under construction. The building is
composed of two sections, one of which has load-bearing walls. The sec-
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tion with load-bearing walls measures I
and could house an
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overhead traveling crane. The other section measures
feet and
does not have load-bearing walls.
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(7) Building under construction,
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(8) Probable building under construction,
Three
unidentified structures are being erected within the projected walls of the
building.
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 ings range in size from
(10) Building under construction, Nearby are two
liquid-storage tanks under construction, each 35 feet in diameter, which
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FIGURE 4. CONCEPT OF THE STATIC TEST STAND WITH A CUTAWAY DRAWING PORTRAYING THE
HEIGHT AND DEPTH ANALYSIS.
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will probably be earth covered.
(11) Probable water-storage facility under construction. This facility
will include a building feet and two probable water storage tanks,
each in diameter.
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(12) Probable water-storage facility under construction. This facility
will include a building feet and two probable water-storage tanks,
each 40 feet in diameter. This facility could be used to reclaim the excess
water used in a flushing operation.
(13) Liquid-storage facility under construction. This facility will in-
clude a probable pump house building feet and four liquid-storage 25X
tanks, each 50 feet in diameter.
(14) Thermal plant under construction, feet, with a stack 25X
approximately I in diameter.
from
(15) Two liquid-storage tanks under construction, each 50 feet in
diameter. Upon completion, these tanks will probably be earth covered.
(16) Five buildings under construction. These buildings range in size
(17) Three buildings under construction. One measures
and the other two,
(18) Probable administration building under construction,
Ifeet.
feet. This building will probably be a two-story structure having a three-
story center section.
(19) Security building, 45 by 25 feet.
(20) On-site quarters consisting of two probable dormitory buildings
and several supporting facilities. The two probable dormitories, each of
which is single-story, hip-roofed, and measuring 130 by 50 feet, should
provide billets for approximately 86 single personnel.
The Support Area is adjacent to the village of Mikhaylovskiy, about
midway between the Static Test Area and the Housing Area. The area
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MIKHAYLOVSKIY
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HOUSING
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wpm-am
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includes a substation, an operations support facility, two motor pools, and
housing facilities (see Figure 5). The area at present does not have strong
overall. security; however, some of the facilities have been either fully
or partially enclosed by board fences. As a whole, the area construction
appears to be essentially complete; however, construction is continuing
on the Operations Support Facility. The housing in the area could provide
units for about 34 families or billets for approximately 100 single per-
sonnel. A description of the facilities, as annotated on Figure 5, follows.
Substation: This facility consists of a transformer yard and three
small buildings enclosed by a board fence feet.
Motor Pool No 1: This facility, which is enclosed by a board fence
contains 2 service buildings and at least 20 vehicles. One
of the two service buildings measures and the other,
with a wing
Operations Support Facility: This facility, which is still under con-
struction, is the only portion of the Support Area served by rail. It features
eight long probable storage buildings, ranging in size from Ofeet
to
the facility are
buildings.
and one other major building 105 by 65 feet. Also within
a batch plant, construction material, and several small
Motor Pool No 2: This facility is enclosed by a board fence and con-
tains approximately 160 vehicles, 5 servicing buildings, of which one is
under construction, and an administration building.
Housing: The housing is enclosed by a board fence 790 by 295 feet.
This area includes 17 housing structures, each single-story and
a mess and/or recreational facility, and a small vehicle-servicing
building. The housing could provide units for 34 families or billets for
approximately 100 single personnel. The nearby village of Mikhaylovskiy
does not appear to be active, and may in fact have been evacuated. Two
unidentified facilities, one of which is in an early stage of construction,
are north and west, respectively, of the area housing.
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RAIL FACILITIES
PROBABLE WATER-PUMPING
''- STATION
ILY DWELLING
[SECTION
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FIGURE 6. HOUSING AREA. This area will have units for approximately 158 families and billets for about
425 single personnel.
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STATIC TEST AREAS
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HOUSING AREA
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The Housing Area, which is partially under construction, is along the
main rail line between Stavropol and Kuybyshev. The area includes an
apartment-house section, a barracks section, a family-dwelling section,
rail facilities, and water facilities (see Figure 6). Upon completion of all
the housing facilities, the area will provide units for approximately 158
families and billets for about 425 single,personnel. A description of the
facilities, as annotated on Figure 6, follows.
Apartment-House Section: This section contains five apartment houses,
which could provide apartment units for about 144 families, and several
other buildings. Four of the apartment houses, three of which are in an
early stage of construction, will probably be three-story structures, each
measuring 170 by 40 feet, and could provide units for approximately 120
families. The fourth apartment house is also three-story, measures 110
by 40 feet, and could provide units for about 24 families.
Barracks Section: This section contains a total of 13 single-story
barracks providing billets for at least 425 single personnel. Eight of the
barracks measure 115 by 40 feet; the other five measure 140 by 40 feet.
The section also includes a probable mess facility and utility buildings.
Family-Dwelling Section: This section contains eight single-family
dwellings, each single-story and measuring 30 feet square.
Rail Facilities: These facilities include a four-track rail yard, three
rail spurs, family housing, and several probable utility buildings. The rail
yard is approximately 3,960 feet long, and each spur is about 590 feet long.
A total of 63 conventional rail cars, including hopper, gondola, box, and
tank types, are present. The family housing consists of 3 two-family
dwellings, each single-story and measuring 60 by 40 feet.
Water Facilities: These facilities include a probable water-pumping
station and a possible sewage-disposal facility.
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As evidenced by the Static Test Area facilities, the Kurumoch Pro-
pulsion Test Complex is being constructed for developing new rocket pro-
pulsion units.
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The complexity of the test area, coupled with the size of the test stand,
evidences an R & D program for a new high-thrust rocket engine, probably
for future Soviet space-exploitation requirements.
The extensive ditching, numerous tankage facilities, and the vertical
test stand indicate that the high-thrust engine will utilize liquid propellants.
Judging by the status of construction at the time of photography, the
complex may be operational by mid-1961.
Since the test complex has no manufacturing capability, associated
production facilities will probably be located in either the Kuybyshev com-
plex, with its existing production facilities, or in the Stavropol complex,
which is under construction.
Upon completion, the Stavropol complex will include heavy fabrication
and chemical-processing facilities which would be adequate for an inte-
grated missile-production capability; however, there is no photographic
evidence to confirm such a mission.
It should be noted that Kurumoch Airfield, which is under construction
12 nm east of the test complex, is both rail and road served. It is possible
that this airfield could provide the test complex with logistical air support
either from a distant production facility or to a flight-testing range.
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REFERENCES
PHOTO DATA:
PIC/JR-1002/60
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ACIC. US Target Chart Series 200, 0165-16A and 0165-17A,
1:200,000 (S)
AMS. Series N501, Sheets NN39-7 and NN39-8, 1:250,000, 3rd ed,
1st Printing, Oct 57 (U)
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