(UNTITLED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B05171A000200010002-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 41
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 11, 2004
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: April 7, 1971
• Content Type: SUMMARY

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7 April 1971
I. Imagery Interpretation Research
1. RPV Screen Evaluation
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. This effort is required to provide the capability for timely,
systematic, operational assessment of new rear projection screen
materials now under development.
2. Illumination/Magnification Effects on Mensuration
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/NFS
b. IEG/PHD/D, RED/D, COM/I
c. This study is one in a series of efforts to improve the absolute
accuracy of mensuration. The proposed effort will seek to determine
optimum magnification levels to be employed in conjunction with various
combinations of wave lengths and intensity of illumination for black
and white and color imagery.
3. Calibrated Test Imagery
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/B S
b. RED/D, APSD/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. This effort is required to produce test imagery to be used in
evaluation: (1) PI performance under various tasks, and (2) the
influence of new techniques, procedures, material or equipment on
this performance.'
4. Manipulated Imagery Intelligence Value Study
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/FtFS
b. RED/D, APSD/I, IEG/I, COM/I
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I. Imagery Interpretation Research
c.As various image manipulation techniques are developed to a point
that they may be applied to operational imagery, it is necessary to
assess their effects on the intelligence extraction process.
5. Photographic Emulsion Intelligence Value Study
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/HFS
b. RED/D, APSD/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. The continuing development of new photographic emulsions
for the acquisition and duplication of imagery necessitates their
assessment in terms of efficiency and intelligence yield for NPIC
imagery exploitation processes.
6. Imagery Interpretation Research SOA Review
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) ATB/EFS
b. RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. This effort is required to maintain up-to-date knowledge of
the behavioral sciences as they relate to improving imagery exploita-
tion, techniques, procedures and equipment design criteria.
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I. Imagery Interpretation Research
Advanced PI Equipment Design Study
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. RED/D, IEG/D, COM/I
c. Many of the current exploitation equipments were developed
on the basis of existing concepts not necessarily specific for
exploitation of imagery. Improvements of these concept are approaching
their practical limits. This effort is required to establish new
design concepts for exploitation equipment which are based directly
on NPIC operations.
9?
8. In-House Psychophysics Research Support
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. RED/D, IEG/I
c. Requirements at NPIC and at NPIC contractors for psychophysical
testing and evaluation of new techniques, procedures, materials and
equipment, exceed the manpower available in-house. Contractual
support and consultation is required to assist in performing these
evaluations. Examples are: manipulated imagery, color imagery,
unconventional imagery, advanced stereo rhomboids, and Imagery
Interpretation Research Program Review.
in the design of experiments being performed at NPIC to evaluate the
Experimental Design Support
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/HFS
b. RED/D, NPIC/I, COM/I
c. This task is needed in order to provide, professional support
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I. Imagery Interpretation Research
performance of new techniques, procedures, materials and equipment.
This support will assure that experiment design, data collection
and analysis will provide reliable results.
10. Operational Personnel Test Program
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/HFS
b. IEG/D, TSG/I, COM/I
c. The growing complexity of imagery characteristics and readout
requirements and the limitations on the operational personnel comple-
ment require more specific means for evaluating prospective employees.
Refinement of current test batteries to assist in the employee
selection process is the objective of this project.
11. Stereo Height Measurement Training
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/BFS
b. IEG/PHD/D, COM/I
c. Past research within PHD has pointed to the need to train
photogrammetrists in stereo height measurement techniques. The
proposed effort would provide such training, possibly in the form
of self-administered training packages.
12. Target Recognition Training Program
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. IEG/D, RED/I, COM/I
c. Previous analysis indicated the need to improve target
recognition and identification capabilities of geographic photo-
interpreters. This is a continuing effort to establish self-instruction
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1. Imagery Interpretation Research
13. Color Stereo Test Development
a. Advanced/Engineering Development (New) ATB/HFS
b. IEG/D, TSG/RED/D, COM/I
c. This test is to furnish the Center with a production version
of a color stereo test currently under development. The test will
be employed in personnel selection and stereo equipment evaluation.
14. Image Quality/PI Performance Correlation Analysis
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. TSG/APSD/D, TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. The current study to identify key physical parameters of images
and correlate to photo interpretation performance is limited to the
use of original negative material. The proposed study is intended to
expand this effort by employing dupe positive film. The effort will
be phased to dovetail with work currently underway to provide requisite
basic microdensitometric data on dupe positive material.
15. Color Imagery Intelligence Value Study
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) ATB/HFS
b. TSG/RED/D, PPBS/D, IEG/I, SS/TB
c. Responsibility to provide color imagery readout and assessment
of color imagery for future mission programming requires that NPIC be
adequately prepared to perform both of these functions. Continuing
efforts are required to refine assessment criteria and develop training
methods for color imagery exploitation.
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23 April 1971
II. Imagery Information Technology
1. Automated Page Composition Device
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SRB
b. PSG/D, COM/I
c. This device would result in an operational system for com-
posing report pages before they are printed. It would greatly
alleviate the current manual method of composing page by "cutting
and pasting" printed material.
2. TID Improvement Program
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SRB
b. PSG/D, TSG/APSD/D, COM/D
c. Engineering modifications to the existing TID (Mechanical,
optical, electronics, and software) are required to make it more
reliable and more consistently accurate. It may also be appropriate,
at this time, to add the capability of the TID to handle different
film formats and to incorporate the power spectrum (image quality)
capability.
large volumes of collateral information not feasible for computer
storage. This will be Phase II of the project consisting of
Non-Computerized Information Handling Study
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) SRB
b. PSG/D
c. Requirement is to improve equipment and procedures in handling
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II. Imagery Information Technology
generating specific designs for equipments to be developed if any
are required.
4. Related Intelligence Data Automation
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/I, IAS/I, AID/I, DDI/I, COM/I
c. This project was proposed by an independent consultant (Mr.
D
formerly with
The proposal is to
develop a process for automated interaction between the computer
data base and the interpreter/analyst to supplement his intellectual
skills by rapidly performing the correlation and modelling of observed
activities, cueing collateral information, and predicting the impli-
cations of these observations. This project has been discussed with
expressed interest from representatives of
First Phase Verbal Reporting Study
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D, IAS (?)
c. Requirement expressed by IEG reps at FY-72 R&D Conference.
To develop a system for the PI to orally record his thoughts as he
interprets imagery. Provide a means for transferring this to hold
storage and signal Branch or Division Chief when the information is
ready.
6. Photo & Audio Recording/Reporting system
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
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II. Imagery Information Technology
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Develop a method (closed circuit
TV or photo) for a PI to record a picture of a site of the imagery
on his light table and also record his oral description for future
briefings or situation reports.
7. Film Check-Out and Locator System
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Develop a system of checking out
cans of film so that its location is known at all times. Use badges,
IBM. cards, or credit type cards to check cans in and out.
8. Frame/Target Locator Device
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/I, IAS/I, COM/I
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Develop a device which can be
attached to light tables and viewers and which can count frames in
450' rolls of film. When it is at the appropriate it will move the
optics to the X and Y position of the target.
Multiple-Channel Interactive Audio System
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/I, IAS/I
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Develop a system that would
question a PI on what he sees at a selected site, record his answer,
provide a means of composing a verbal report. It will also give a
PI an opportunity to recall back editions of tape to use for corn-
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II. Imagery Information Technology
10. Fold Machine for PI Reports
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Investigate the types of folding
machines that are available off-the-shelf. Modify a multiple fold
machine to aid in NPIC report production cycle.
11. Pre-Drafting Machine--Line Drawing
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Investigate the types of pre-drafting
machines in use in the mapping and drafting industry. Modify off-the-
shelf equipment to take over some of the tedious tasks in graphic
work such as a zip-tone, stick-up, etc.
12. Anti-Vibration Device
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. RED/D, IEG/I, IAS/I, COM/I
c. High resolution imagery requiring high magnification viewing
has posed a vibration problem. Investigate, design, and develop a
vibration tuner for light tables. This could be used to set up a
certain vibration in the table to complement or cancel the building
vibration.
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III. Image Analysis & Manipulation
1. False Color Toning
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. PSG/RD/D, TSG/APSD/D, IEG/I
c. To manipulate the color relationship between an object and
its surrounding to enhance their contrast and thereby to improve
detectability and/or mensuration of that object.
2. Operational Image Quality Standards
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/APSD/D, SEG/I
c. This project will provide the PI performance evaluation data
on operational imagery necessary for subsequent correlation with
the objective image quality measures under development in other
projects. This will enable APSD to specify image quality of any
imagery in terms directly related to its information content.
3. Color Image Quality Standards
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/APSD/D, TSG/RED/D
c. Color image quality standards are needed for the APSD function.
This project will tie together the subjective and objective color
image quality measures developed previously in a system which can
be applied by RED in equipment specifications and APSD in the routine
color image quality assessments made for each mission.
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III. Image Analysis & Manipulation
4. Non-Conventional Imagery Quality Measures
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/APSD/D, TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. This project will identify new quality measures required to
specify the unique characteristics of non-conventional imaging
materials. For example, free radical, RS, dry silver, and diazo
imagery are known to have characteristics significantly different
from conventional silver films. Methods will be developed so that
users of these projects will be able to specify their performance
characteristics for reproduction purposes and make objective compari-
sons with materials currently in use.
5. OPS Image Quality Measurement System
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/APSD/D, TSG/RED/D, COM/I
c. Requirement for improved, more efficient image evaluation
procedures for APSD function. This project will continue the Optical
Power Spectrum (OPS) development and specify quantitatively the
extent to which this technique can be used to augment current image
quality measures. It will consider the specific equipment design,
and applications of the technique to color imagery. The OPS is
expected to provide the main source of objective image quality data
for use in design specifications, in routine system evaluation.
6. Optical Image Manipulation (OIM) System
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. IEG/D, TSG/APSD/I
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c. This project is concerned with the improvement of degraded
operational imagery through OIM techniques. Targets will be selected
by IEG. A bench 0IM viewer for use by the PI will be developed.
This will allow the PI to manipulate imagery in an interactive mode,
i.e., as he is viewing it. Some preliminary experimental work with
color 0IM will be performed.
Digital Image Manipulation (DIM) System
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. IEG/D, OSA/D, IAS/D, OSI/D, TSG/RED/I, TSG/APSD/I
c. The requirements for DIM is based on the need for a means
to glean as much information as possible from imagery of certain
targets and/or in critical situations. DIM is a system for increasing
the visually perceptible information in degraded imagery.
8. Chemical Image Manipulation
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/D, TSG/APSD/D
c. The project will extend the in-house laboratory results
to operational imagery selected by IEG. The specific instances where
chemical image enhancement will improve the degraded image will be
identified, and methods necessary to implement this technique will
be developed.
9. Hybrid-Automated Image Manipulation System
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/ITL
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b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, TSG/APSD/I
c. This project will study the variety of image manipulation
techniques available and make proposals for an efficient, practical
hybrid system which takes advantage of the best attributes of each
technique. The project will consider cost, equipment, time, as related
to the pay-off expected and will provide the basic system data for
the image manipulation system to be used by APSD.
10. Electronic Image Manipulation (EIM)
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/RED/D, TSG/APSD/I
c. This project will be the first NPIC study to investigate elec-
tronic image manipulation techniques for improving degraded imagery.
It will evaluate the advantages of operating on digital signals and
EOI photographic images. It will define the system necessary to
provide APSD with the capability to improve degraded E0I imagery.
11. Image Evaluation/Manipulation Scientific Support
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) ATB/ITL
b. TSG/RED/D, TSG/APSD/I
c. The support provided by this project includes expe~t consul-
tation, proposal evaluation, small feasibility studies in optics, and
calibration of special electro-optical testing equipment. The support
is available to all elements of the Center and provides a source of
technical expertise on a quick reaction basis when unexpected problems
arise.
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III. Image Analysis & Manipulation
12. Archival Color Image Study
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. PPBS/I, TSG/RED/I, IEG/I, PSG/I, COM/I
c. A national requirement exists that calls for maintenance of
archival records of reconnaissance imagery; presumably this require-
ment applies to color photography as well as black and white. We
now know that the dyes in SO-242 are of a non-stable nature and are
subject to deterioration. The requirement is to determine a means
of archivally maintaining the color information as recorded on
SO-24+2 and SO-255 films.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
1. New Activity Detector
a. Exploratory Development (New) SRB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. There is a requirement for an automatic device which could
detect potential new activity to alleviate the manual searching of
vast, remote land areas by the PI. This is a study project to deter-
mine if the current technology in Diffraction Pattern Sampling can be
extended to the detection of new activity in remote areas as would be
evidenced by changes in the terrain or in land use.
2. SLAR/ATR Feasibility Study
a. Exploratory Development (New) SRB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. A study to determine if current technology of Automatic
Target Recognition could be applied as an aid to the interpretation
of radar imagery.
3. Automated Rescan Device
a. Exploratory Development
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Investigate the possibility of developing a system which can
memorize the information at a site and then recognize this and compare
it on other imagery.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
4. Image Comparison Microstereoscope
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SRB
b. IEG/D, TSG/APSD/D, IAS/D, COM/I
c. A follow-on to develop operational instruments--the specifi-
cations and/or modifications to be determined by evaluation of the
prototype to be delivered in the summer of 1971.
5. Electro Static Map Board
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D, IAS/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is to facilitate map and data sheet mounting on
the light table before the PI Requirement was reconfirmed at R&D
Planning Conference. Develop an electro static board to hold maps
and overlays in a vertical position and which will fit in with the
1540 light table configuration. This will provide the PI with an
efficient way to hold collateral material.
6. Electro Static 40" x 40" Briefing Board
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D, IAS/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is to facilitate mounting and display of large
briefing materials. Develop an electro static board to hold large
sheets of briefing materials. It should also be able to hold several
overlay sheets simultaneously. This will provide a convenient method
for displaying material.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
7. Electro Static Holddown for 15+0 Light Table
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Requirement is to hold film flat on light table for magnified
viewing. This development will provide a means of holding the film
flat and in focus even when the table is tilted position.
8. Automatic Stereo Scanner
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) SRB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Requirement is to automate roll film stereo registration and
also the scanning process. A full re-design of the ASS-but utilizing
the optical design developed for the High Precision Stereo Comparator.
The design would also be accompanied by a firm fixed-price proposal
for a follow-on fabrication of a prototype.
9. DV Projection Viewer Study
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Requirement is to improve contrast and resolution of imagery
viewing devices. Since the inception of the present W Rear Projection
Viewer project several years ago; the state of the art in the fields
of UV optics, light sources, and screens has been advanced. A W
projection system shows promise as a means of achieving rapid scanning
and low and high magnifications of high resolution films. The UV Study
will survey the present state of the art and form the basis for future
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10. PI Microstereoscope System
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D, IAS/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is to design a PI Microstereoscope System including
the illumination aspect as a total integrated system in order to improve
efficiency and performance. Design a new PI Microscope-Light Source
viewing station as a total package. Use basic design of B&L Wide Field
Viewer and design light source as part of optical system. Fix position
of optics and light source and more film and table. Reduce size of
table, 1000 line-pairs per millimeter.
11. Scan & Search PI Station
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. IEG/D, COM/I
c. Make engineering changes to the S&S as requirements are dis-
covered during operational suitability tests. One item which is almost
sure to require a change is a method to move the film over certain
increments (x and y pattern) to insure that all portions are scanned.
12. Large Field-of-View, Low-Power Microstereoscope
a. Advanced Development (New) SRB
b. IEG/D, IAS/D, COM
c. Requirement is for a high-performance, wide field-of-view
optical film scanning aid. Utilizing the optical technology developed
for the Wide-Field, High-Power Anamorphic Stereoviewer
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field-of-view of approximately 6". This field-of-view would permit
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
13. Automatic Coordinate Display (AUTOCORD)
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SRB
b. IEG/D
c. Requirement is to reduce time and increase reliability of
target coordinates obtained from imagery. A follow-on project to an
FY-71 feasibility study to develop a system which would permit the PI
to automatically and very rapidly determine geographic coordinates on
II
(or near) his work station. The follow-on would be the actual
implementation of the appropriate hardware and software required for
operational use.
14. Photo/Radar Comparison Viewer
a. Advanced Development (New) SRB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. Requirement is to assist radar imagery information by a viewer
capable of presenting coincident radar and photo imagery. To develop a
prototype projection viewer on which a radar image could be compared
with a collateral photographic image of the same target. This direct
comparison should aid in the identification of radar "blobs" and thereby
increase the interpretability of radar imagery.
15. SLAB Correlation and Display System
a. Advanced Development (New) SRB
b. IEG/I, TSG/RED/D
c. Requirement is to provide the SLAR interpreter with a corre-
lation and display device which he is able to adjust to the best
setting for a specific interpretation task. To develop a radar
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
correlator which would be used directly by the PI to manipulate the
radar image to achieve maximum enhancement of target detail.
16. Collateral Imagery Display System
a. Engineering Development (New) SRB
b. IEG/I, PSG/R&R/I
c. Requirement is to provide a more efficient means for storing
and viewing collateral imagery. To develop an inexpensive display
system on which PI's could view collateral photography (Chips), maps,
ground photos, keys, etc. for rapid comparison and interpretation of
the target being reported. Would replace the target pocket.
17. Auto-Focus System
a. Advanced Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, TSG/APSD/I, IEG/I
c. Requirement is to maintain focus in film viewing equipment
while scanning imagery. Design and develop a device to automatically
adjust focus as film flatness changes when film is viewed in the dynamic
mode. This will be used on the ASS and the S&S PI Station.
18. Coincident W Clue Display
a. Advanced Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. Requirement is for a means to display correlated information;
such as geographic coordinates and positions on an RPV simultaneously
with the imagery, but in a readily distinguishable mode. Develop a
technique wherein collateral data, clues, overlays, etc. could be
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be on a UV sensitive screen and possibly use a laser as a light source.
19. Front Projection Viewer (FPV) Study
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. Requirement is to determine whether Front Projection Viewing
can be adapted to the PI Search & Scan function with improved performance
over the RPV system. Feasibility study to determine if this approach
can be used on operational material. With new screens and scanning
systems this may be applicable for small groups.
20. PI Colorimetric Measuring Device
a. Advanced Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. Requirement is to develop a means whereby the PI can determine
the specific color of an image. Fabricate a colorimeter device based
on the parameters established in the FY-71 Color Study. This development
will provide the PI with a means of rapidly and accurately describing
the color of images being interpreted.
21. 4X Objectives for Mod 28 Rhomboids
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D
c. Design a develop 4X objectives, mono and stereo, for the Mod
28 Arm/Zoom 240 System. The new 1540 light source and the improved
reproduction film have created need for higher power objectives for
the Mdd 28 rhomboid arms.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
22. Mod 28 Rhomboid Positioning System
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D
c. Develop a method for the PI to easily view through the rhom-
boid objective (without use of microstereoscope) to position it over
area of imagery desired. Develop a retrofit package which can be
adapted to the existing Model 28 arms.
23. PI Aids Console
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D
c. Design a console that is compatible with the 15-I-0 light table.
This will have a writing surface, storage for chips, storage of supplies
and small equipment. This might help eliminate the number of desks
and give the PI added work space.
24. Color Correction of Viewing Equipment
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/PED/D, IEG/I
0
or a qualified optical company evaluate the
Zoom 240
with various rhomboids and the High Power Viewer with operational
color imagery to determine what color correction may be required in
existing systems.
25. 1540 Light Table--PI Use Analysis
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, COM/I
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
c. Perform an investigation similar to the one did on 25X1
the 94+0 tables. Determine the actual user requirements of the new 15)+0
light tables so as to achieve the most effective utilization of PI
personnel and input materials. With new motorized optics mount and
precise motorized film drive, investigate PI procedures and habits during
use of the tables. Results of this study will form the basis for the
development of future, more advanced viewing systems.
26. UV Projection Light Table
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. Based on the results of the UV Study program, develop a light
source, optics, and phosphor screen into a system allowing both rapid
scanning and detailed analysis of large volumes of film. This would
be a slopping screen for a PI to scan film and auxiliary optics to
permit him to do detailed analysis right on the screen. Recent tests
have produced about 200 line pairs/mm at the screen.
27. 1520 Roll Film Light Table
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D
c. The original reason for a )+0-inch long table is probably no
longer valid and experiments indicate that the PI spends most of his
time in the middle Q inches on each side of the center of the table.
This project will develop a table with limited (or no) Y motion of the
optics, rugged optics mount, high intensity source, etc. This format
s ves flo r sace, decreases heat load, is lighter, and easier to operate.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
28. Scanning Light Source RPV
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. If the FY-71 Scanning Light Source Investigation proves success-
ful, the results can be used to fabricate an engineering model of a rear
projection system. This engineering model can be used to demonstrate
this technique with conventional and DV light sources.
29. Aerial Image Projection Light Table
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. A PI station featuring both a scanning capability at relatively
low magnification and a detailed viewing capability at very high
magnification. This system would feature rapid scanning, convenient
detailed analysis, capability of exploiting very high resolution imagery,
and total magnification up to 180X.
30. Illumination Characteristics for B&W and Color Imagery
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I
c. In order to establish standards for specifying the spectral
power distributions of light tables we need to know under what illumina-
tion conditions the maximum amount of information is extracted from
photography and how to relate this (if possible) to the spectral distri-
bution of the viewing source. Such information is required for both
setting standards and tolerances on light tables delivered to NPIC.
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IV. Image Interpretation Instruments & Techniques
31. Rectifying Stereogram Printer
a. Advanced Development (New) SRB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, NPIC/I
c. The initial phase of development of a printer (which would
automatically make stereogram prints from roll film) would be a
design feasibility study centered around the feasibility of designing
the optics. The rationale for a stereogram printer is that PI's could
view a target in stereo without the use of expensive, complex stereo-
scopes.
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D R A F T: cgw 25X1
28 April 1971
V. Reproduction
1. B&W Dry Silver Reversal Material
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/I, PSG/RD/I, COM/I
c. The requirement is for the PI to be able to make his own
high quality photo duplicates in a simple and direct manner. Con-
tinue funding the development of this material. This should be
completed in either FY-72 or 73. There is an immediate requirement
for this material in the operational areas.
2. Dry-Process Color Reproduction Material
a,. Advanced Development (F.O.) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, PSG/RD/I, IEG/I
c. The requirement is based on anticipated quantities of color
imagery and the need to simplify the present reproduction systems.
Compact, High-Speed, 9P-" Dry-Silver Processor
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. The requirement is to provide an appropriate dry-silver roll
.film processor to enable Reprographics Division to efficiently utilize
dry-silver photo reproduction materials.
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V. Reproduction
4. PI Dry Silver Contact Printer
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IAS/D, IEG/D, COM/I
c. This requirement expressed informally by IAS for high-performance
semi-dark pos to pos contact printer. A related hypothetical require-
ment exists in IEG. Design a print out station optimized for: 1.
Printing daylight positive to positive material by the PI in IEG
and 2. printing in a semi-lab condition with dark condition such as
IAS might use.
5. Advanced PI (30X, 50X) Enlarger Printer
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/D, IAS/D, COM/I
c. This requirement stated at R&D conference. Requirement is
for PI capability to produce 8 x 10 pre-briefing points. Investigate
the feasibility of fabricating a device which will enable the PI to
make 30X and 50X enlargements. Determine if it can be done by either
a Polaroid or 3M Printer approach.
6. Dry silver 40" Paper Processor
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, IEG/I, IAS/I, COM/I
c. This requirement is to provide a means for processing dry-
silver paper prints (contact or enlargements). The need for this
2
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V. Reproduction
project is based on the assumption that the pre-prototype model now
under T&E will require significant improvement. Fabricate a prototype
4+0" processor and incorporate features high lighted in TO of
engineering model. This can be used in the Lab to process material
from the BPE.
7. Dry Silver Processing implementation Plan
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is to provide outfitting techniques and procedures
for using dry-silver materials. Provide a consulting service for
PSG and RED to plan for future use of Dry Silver Materials and equip-
ment. Determine areas best for dry silver and areas to retain conven-
tional processing.
8. Step & Repeat Contact Printer
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, IEG/I, COM/I
c. Requirement is for a high-performance, B&W and color, roll
film contact printer, capable of printing multiple copies of selected
frames on the negative. Fabricate a S&R Printer based on the design
produced under a separate contract. This will provide PSG with a
means of producing positives or negatives of conventional or dry silver
material.
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V. Reproduction
9. 30 Inch Print Straightener
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, COM/I
c. Requirement stated at R&D Conference. Requirement is for
a device to eliminate the curl in large format briefing prints.
10. Color Light Source for Niagara Printer
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. PSG/RD/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is for color printing capability on the standard
Niagara Printer. Modify an existing PSG Niagara Printer with a new
light source. This will provide a capability of printing conventional
color material and the new dry silver material.
11. Sensitometric Viscous Processor
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/ATB/EDL/D
c. Requirement is for in-house sensitometric testing capability
to be more independent with respect to photo materials evaluation.
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V. Reproduction
12. Dylux Dry Color Reproduction Material
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, PSG/RD/I, COM/I
c. Requirement is to simplify and reduce cost of reproducing
color imagery.
13. Unconventional Film Evaluation
a. Advanced Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, TSG/APSD/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is to determine methods for objectively
evaluating unconventional film systems. Evaluation of improved
unconventional films for possible use in aerial film duplication
systems. Tests will include the usual tests of speed, resolution,
uniformity, shelf-life, image stability, reprint capability, etc.,
as well as development of new tests designed to better estimate the
potential of unconventional films.
14. Unconventional Reproduction Systems
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, PSG/RD/I, COM/I
c. An exploratory study to locate and check feasibility of new
and unique unconventional photographic systems which are in their
early stages of research. The purpose would be to identify these
systems, do a few feasibility tests to determine whether research
support should be used to exploit the system for improvements in
aerial film duplicating systems.
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V. Reproduction
15. Photo Science Support
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, NPIC/I
c. This is a continuation of the project in which
vides an extension to ATB capabilities for evaluating new ideas,
analyzing materials, and training branch personnel in highly technical
areas. To date such topics as: chemistry of unconventional photo-
materials, false-color toning as a technique of color image manipulation,
training in electron microscopy techniques, continuous tone-lithography,
techniques of chemical image manipulation, oil analysis, and others
have been investigated in support of the indicated organizations.
Project objective: to gain low-budget technical guidance on which
to predicate discrete R&D projects in areas of new technology.
16. Cloupeaux Contrast Enhancement Printer
a. Exploratory Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/D, TSG/APSD/I, PSG/RD/I, IEG/I
c. This project is aimed at gaining maximum information from
underexposed ON imagery. Its principle involves contrast enhance-
ment through multiple-pass printing; it poses no threat of damage to
25X1
the ON. Under the Photoscience Support Program, as 25X1
evaluated one model of this printer and will shortly evaluate a second.
This project envisions prototype development of that Model which shows
the greater potential for image enhancement.
17. Photo Products Pollution Control
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b. NPIC/D
c. Required because of polluting properties of photo products
and present need for constraints on pollutants. A one man year study
program should be initiated to determine the best techniques to use
to reduce or eliminate photo-chemicals and other chemicals from
polluting the water effluent coming from The recommended 25X1
program should:
1. Cut down on amount of chemical contamination by treatment
and recycling processing chemicals.
25X1
2. Provided recommended equipment and procedures for treating
and removing all toxic chemistry from the waste water leaving
18. Wet Processing Technology
a. Advanced Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/ATB/D, PSG/RD/I
c. Applied development research should be continued in the area
of black and white and color processing techniques to update process-
ing standards.
19. Sensitometric Processor Modification
a. Engineering Development (New) ATB/EDL
b. TSG/RED/ATB/D, PSG/RD/I
c. In order to fully support the investigation programs of the
ATB in both B&W and color processing techniques, to update process-
ing standards, handling of operational imagery up to 100` x 6.5"
to support CIM, OIM and DIM research, it is necessary to build a
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V. Reproduction
new processing tank to couple to present sensitometric processor to
handle larger film size.
20. Small Format Precision Enlarger/Rectifier
a. Advanced Development (New) RSB
b. TSG/RED/D, PSG/RD/I, IEG/I
c. Predicted high-resolution, small format acquisition systems
will require this device. A long lead time is required for develop-
ment.
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D R A F T:cgw,1I 25X1
26 April 1971
VI. Mensuration
1. 9-System Film Data Block Reader
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. IEG/PD/D
c. Fabricate a data block reader to handle the information from
the latest operational acquisition system. This will enable NPIC to
fulfill its mission of providing ephemerial data in case of telemetry
failure.
2. Comparator Automatic Pointing System
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) SDB
b. IEG/PD/D, COM/I
c. Coordinated with IEG/PD. Required to improve efficiency of
the mensuration process. Continue the development of an automatic
printing capability for mensuration instruments. This task was
initiated in FY-70 and will require several years research.. Success-
ful development would provide a fast and accurate means of pointing
at objects to be measured.
3. Mensuration Equipment Design Improvement Study
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) SDB
b. IEG/PD/I, TSG/RED/D
c. Coordinated with IEG/PD. Required for general improvement
in the efficiency, accuracy and economy of the mensuration process.
This program is a vehicle to fund several tasks.. each year in improving
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VI. Mensuration
the subsystems of measuring equipment. It is also used to fund areas
in which in-house studies require contractor support.
4. Comparator Variable Density Reticle
a. Exploratory Development (F.O.) SDB
b. IEG/PD/D
c. Required to assist comparator (mensuration) operators in
pointing the comparator reticle to the edges of images having low
contrast and/or low tonal gradients.
EOI Mensuration Study
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, PPBS/I, IEG/PD/I
c. A requirement exists within NPIC for information on methods
of doing mensuration on video images. This will help determine the
accuracy, limitations, and type of mensuration equipment which will
be required for EOI.
6. HPSC Pointing Investigation
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/PD/I
c. Requirement is to improve pointing (for mensuration) on the
HPSC. Investigate the feasibility of applying various printing tech-
niques to the HPSC. Determine if the techniques developed for the
Calibration Device can be applied to mensuration. Also determine if
correlation technique can be applied to pointing.
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VI. Mensuration
7. Micro D Applications to Mensuration
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/PD/I
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Perform tests to determine if
Microdensitometer can be utilized in mensuration process. Determine
the feasibility of combining the Micro-D and comparator techniques.
Use initial work at RADC as a basis for further work.
8. UV/RPV Applications to Mensuration
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/PD/I
c. Hypothetical Requirement. Investigate the possibility of
using a UV Rear Projection System in the mensuration process. Determine
if the high resolution at the UV System screen provides a means of
rapidly making measurements.
Manipulated Imagery Mensuration Analysis
a. Exploratory Development (New) RSB
b. TSG/RED/D, IEG/PD/I
c. Required to determine the benefits or handicaps for mensuration
of manipulated imagery and the practical extent of imagery manipu-
lation for mensuration purposes.
10. Special Collection Systems Studies Support
a. Advanced Development (F.O.) SRB
b. NPIC/D, Collection Community/I
c. Continuing requirement for presenting coordinated technical
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constraints related to NPIC operations as they influence collection
system design and performance parameters.
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DRAFT:cgw4I
26 April 1971
VII. T&E
1. Vibration Elimination Implementation
a. Engineering Development (F.O.) SDB
b. TSG/RED/D, NPIC/I
c. Requirement is to minimize degrading effects of vibration
in imagery exploitation equipment. Based on the information obtained
in the Phase I tests, modify a representative piece of equipment to
demonstrate the improvement.
2. Universal Comparator Calibration Device
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/PD/D, TSG/ESD/D
c. Requirement is to improve accuracy and efficiency of cali-
bration of NPIC comparators at minimum cost. Fabricate a Universal
Calibration Device based on techniques developed on an earlier con-
tract. Device will be able to be used on
25X1
25X1
mensuration instruments with binocular viewing heads.
3. Two-Axis Calibration Grid
a. Advanced Development (New) SDB
b. IEG/PD/D, COM/I, TSG/ESD/D
c. Requirement is to improve accuracy and facility of calibra-
tion of EPIC comparators at minimum cost and in short time frame.
Investigate the possibility of producing a two-axis calibration
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grid on low expansion material and thin enough to fit under objective
lenses of modern day comparators. Grids must be calibrated by National
Bureau of Standards.
4+. Advanced Photometer
a. Advanced Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/ESD/D, COM/I
c. Requirement is for a photometer of sufficient portability,
accuracy, range and spectral sensitivity to perform typical and
anticipated evaluations of illumination for various NPIC viewing
devices and conditions. A need exists for a reliable instrument
capable of measuring illumination levels up to 50,000 foot lamberts.
This device must be rugged enough to endure shipping and use in field
conditions.
5. Specialized Acceptance Test Equipment
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/ESD/D
c. Requirement is for special acceptance test devices to
facilitate acceptance test evaluation procedures; such as, film
tension, heat transfer, etc.
6. T&E Data Sheets
a. Engineering Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/ESD/D, TSG/RED/D
c. Requirement is to improve, standardize and coordinate the
statement and coverage of performance specifications in R&D contracts.
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When Development Objectives and Technical Specifications are prepared,
specifications are often written without real knowledge of the capabi-
lity of ESD to determine and measure these parameters. This project
would help determine and produce the boiler plate sheets to be incor-
porated in the contract. These data sheets would describe the equip-
ment to be used during a particular measurement and the accuracies
desired.
7. Viewing System Efficiency Measurement
a. Exploratory Development (New) SDB
b. TSG/ESD/D, TSG/RED/D
c. Requirement is more specific and comprehensive test regimens
for defining and evaluating the performance of imagery exploitation
optical systems; such as, viewers, and enlargers. Investigate the
various parameters which influence the efficiency of a viewing system
(Ex: MTF-OTF, color, aberrations, flair, etc.). Determine if a
device or set of tests can be fabricated to determine the efficiency
of optical systems.
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