R & D NEWS NOTES

Document Type: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP78B04770A001300030003-3
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RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
S
Document Page Count: 
4
Document Creation Date: 
December 28, 2016
Document Release Date: 
February 1, 2005
Sequence Number: 
3
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
January 1, 1969
Content Type: 
NOTES
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PDF icon CIA-RDP78B04770A001300030003-3.pdf558.1 KB
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Declass Review by NGA. Approved For Release 2005/0292C i- RDP78B04770A001300030003-3 creating better communication between operational personnel and those engaged in R&D. Questions, comments and suggestions are encouraged and R & D NEWS NOTES TECHNICAL SERVICES and SUPPORT GROUP, NPIC Vol. 2, No. 1 January, 1969 The following items are of general interest to those concerned with photo interpretation and related intelligence production. They are pub- lished by the Technical Services and Support Group with the objective of should be sent to Editor, R&D News Notes, Room 5S-453 ( Imagery Without Emulsion A chemical action that removes the emulsion from the film base is one of the techniques under consideration for disposing of old film. Security considerations require knowing whether information can still be obtained from film disposed in this manner. The Engineering Support Division Exploratory Laboratory was recently tasked by COMIREX to determine if a technically trained person could approximate the characteristics of the acquisition system or obtain classified imagery by operating on latent in- formation contained in stripped film base. Many physical, optical, micro- scopic and chemical restorative techniques were investigated. Two methods demonstrated the capability for restoring the latent imagery. One method involved intense exposure of the entire pre-stripped film to ultra-violet radiation. The purpose was to simulate in a single dose an exposure that an Original Negative might "see" if it were copied several times in a Niagara Printer. In some such cases, after the emulsion was cleanly stripped, a residual image was found in the base. This image, cre- ated by the W exposure, was in turn rendered visible in reflected DV light. The other method, physical development, restored significant infor- mation from incompletely stripped film base. In this instance the imagery was recovered from base which was processed by a commercial stripping firm and which was thought to be completely stripped of its emulsion and subbing layers. WARNING THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR USE BY U. S. GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL ONLY COM- MERCIAL INTERESTS CANNOT REVIEW OR OBTAIN COPIEApprovedFor Release 2005/02/SECR RDP78B04770A001 GROUP I EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC 3UO'JSDG-IGI0 03 LA SSI FIC A CION 25 25 Approved For Release 2005/02/$cgRDP78B04770A001300030003-3 As a result of these tests it was recommended that, in the future, emulsion be stripped and that the residual base be shredded or burned to minimize or eliminate potential security problems. The project scientist isi I NRTSC Develops New Measuring Instrument The Modified Rear Projection Comparator is a precise measuring instrument that has been modified for use by the photo interpreter. A variable intensity light table can be used for direct viewing of film or a 12 inch diameter screen can provide projection viewing. Six magnifi- cations from lOX to 10OX are possible. Mensuration is performed by correlating the amount of travel of the projected image to the readings of two micrometers. Measurements up to 50 mm can be made. The unit weighs 300 pounds but is small enough to be table mounted. It operates on standard 115 volt power. The Modified Rear Projection Comparator is currently undergoing test and evaluation at the Naval Reconnaissance and Technical Support Center. is the point of contact at NRTSC. This article is ? ? ,.25X 25X 25X 25X 0 25X 25 Approved For Release 2005/02/Sf CR RDP78B04770A001300030003-3 This article is classified Approved For Release 2005/029EC 4-RDP78B04770A001300030003-3 P.I. Change Detector was evaluated at NPIC and was not found suitable for operational use. Nevertheless, it yielded considerable information on the problems of displaying images on CRT's and the reaction of the photo interpreter to images so displayed. The equipment was origi- nally intended to compare two photographic images of the same area. The instrument has controls for side-by-side comparison, flicker detection on a single screen and change detection techniques involving the subtraction and enhancement of the two film images. The P.I. Change Detector was recently transferred to the U.S. Army Engineer Topographic Laboratories, Geographic Sciences Division, located at Ft. Belvoir, Virginia. The instrument will be used in image correla- tion studies being carried out by the Division. There is a possibility that, in the future, it will be furnished to the contractor for further utilization. The Chief of the Geographic Sciences Division is While this instrument was never put into operational use it has furnished information to NPIC and is continuing its useful life at its new location. New Home for P.I. Change Detector 25 Approved For Release 2005/02SK-REZ-RDP78B04770A001300030003-3 Approved For Release 2005/0251p'C F-RDP78B04770A001300030003-3 An Explanation of R&D In response to questions concerning technical terminology used in this publication, this .issue and future issues will contain brief descrip- tions of some of the terms and phraseology used in modern technical writings. The subject of this issue is an explanation of research and development (usually abbreviated as R&D). Research is the study of some field of knowledge in order to establish facts or principles. Scientists may examine a physical science, such as photographic chemistry or a behavioral science such as psychology. Re- search may be divided into at least two distinct types. Basic research (sometimes called pure research) is carried out without any consideration of the applicability of the results. It is performed for the sake of gain- ing knowledge concerning some heretofore unknown segment of science. Applied research then takes over where basic research left off, and tries to apply the knowledge to practical applications and to gain additional knowledge in relation to these applications. Development is the next logical step after applied research. After research has proven an application to be possible, development attempts to make it practical, both operationally and economically. Engineering principles play an important role in the design of the first model. Opera- tion of this model may reveal some design shortcomings which have to be corrected in future models. The R&D cycle is about an eight year period for complex systems such as supersonic aircraft. Even the development of the first aircraft by the Wright Brothers consumed an eight year span between the time of their wind tunnel experiments through their first crude flight to the time of their first contract for the construction of a "practical" airplane. Companies often devote one or two decades in the research ;;:and development -Q? 'a new product. Some of the equipment developed for NPIC, while not as complex as an aircraft, is still relatively sophisticated in design, and it is little wonder that several years are sometimes required for successful completion of a project. Approved For Release 2005/02/SEC RDP78B04770A001300030003-3