INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

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• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000300030028-5
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• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 13, 2002
• Sequence Number: 28
• Publication Date: October 29, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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prom the amount
Congress; it is
eliminating all
delegates; only
manifestations
SUMMARY
of attention given to the subject at the Ukrainian Communist Party
evident that the Perty leadership has not yet succeeded in
traces of "bourgeois ideology" in the Republic. Ukrainian Congress
30 percent of whom were Russians, pledged an unreleeting fight against
of Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism.. .and pariah cosmopolitanism."
25X1A
Strictures against Ministries responsible for and enterprises producing consumer gooda
indicate that much progrems must be made before the promises of the next Five Year
Plan become reality.
An in other Party Congressee, much concern was expressed over failures to produce
competent leadership of Party, Soviet and economic organizations. Nepotism is rife,
and too many leading positions are filled on the basis of personal friendship rather
than professional competence. Coeseqeently, there has been an invasion of "thieves,
squanderers, bribe-takers and speculators," especially in consumer industry.
?Ivrea released at the Congress demonstrate the firm grip that the bureaucracy has
over the direction of the Ukrainian Communist Party. Only 168 of the 571 voting
delegates could be described charitably as industrial or farm workers--another 115 were
from the intelligentsia, that is, scientists, teachers etc. The Army, the Ministry of
State Security and the Ministry of the Interior had. 106 representatives--a figure
that may illustrate the size of the MVD, NOB and other repressive forces in the Ukraine.
All of the other delegates were party, Soviet, administrative and trade union officials.
Soviet Army difficulties in finding recruits capable of operating complex modern military
evisq nt were admitted in a speech by Hrechko, commander of the Kiev Military Okrug.
He pointed out that the ear had interfered with the education of the young eho "find it
difficult to assimilate the complex military technology." Brechko demanded that
education authorities take ateps to remedy these educational deficiencies.
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CPW Report No. 53 A--USSR
CONTENTS
TEE UKRAINIAN PART! CONGRESS
MELNIKOVIS REPORT
PARTY MAIM a
INDUSTRY
AGRICULTURE 6
ARTS AND SCIENCES 7
CONSUMER GOODS
CONSTRUCTION. ......... 811$11811 ..... ?9
WESTERN UKRAINE 9
ARMED FORCES 10
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This UKRAINIAN PARTY CONGRESS
STATINTL
The report of Party Secretary bielnikov to the Ukrainian Communist jlarty Congress,
while keyed to'the theme of the "rsdical reconstruction" and development or, new industry
since the liar in the Republic, Subjected industry, agriculture and party organizations
to detailed criticism.
One of the prime failings of industry, ministries and local authorities, he said, was
the policy of permitting individual failures to fulfil quotas to be obscured by aims of
overall plan fulfillment. Consequently, in 19510 out of 265 "most important items" only
217 had been produced in the amounts specified. There was, he complained, a tendency to
substitute numerous paper directives for active leadership.
In agriculture, the acreage of winter wheat, the principal crop, has been extended,
and the livestock population has been increased to more than the Prewar level, but it
is now necessary to .,"liquidate lagging behind in the fodder base and to improve pedigree
breeding." .There Must be "undeviating growth" in mechanization of agriculture.
Party membership, said Melnikov, had increased, but local branches too often are
ignoring the emergence of new members alloying personal acquaintance to direct their
choice of Officials. Incompetent nominees were frequently transferred from job to job,
disrupting each organization to which they are assigned. Such faults had been eXposed
in several ministries-those of Meat and Milk Industry, Foodstuffe, Light Industry and
Trade, in'which,"swindiers and loafers" had infiltrated into many leading posts.
Meltikov stated that it was necessary, therefore, to struggle more firmly against
"those who steal socialist property, squanderers, bribe-takers and speculators."
In the Western areas,,saidMelnikov, the most important task was the appointment to
leading positions of "faithful" local active workers, experienced in the struggle
against "kulak land ownership and nationalists."
Redilling the "just oriticism" levelled at the Ukrainian Central Committee by the
All-Union Party a year ago, Xelnikov conceded that remedial steps taken so far are
"only a beginning. Particular attention must be given to the propagation Of
Marxisim4eninism, still organized it an unsatisfactory way under inadeqUately instructed
teachers. Cultural and Political Work in the collectives must be improved. Education
,is improving, but there are still deficiencies in the lectures on basic sciences and in
4.4agogy. In literature, too few works have been produced exposing "manifestations of
bourgeois ideology, especially Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism and outcast Cosmopolitanism.
Melnikov particularly indicted Bosyurals poem, "Love Our Ukraine," as an especially
reprehensible perversion of literature, a work which might have been produced by "any
illiterate" and which has been widely used by Ukrainian nationalist organisation, abroad.
'Bourgeois nationalism, he said, is "the most tenacious and dangerous remnant of capitalism"
in the Ukraine and must be eradicated. Mors detailed study of itelnikovis report and of
those of other, Cowes, speakers follows under appropriate headiness
Party Affa4tsi liblnikov asserted that the Ukrainian Communist Party now numbers ,77711320
of which 676,190 Or 66.9% are Asa members and 101,642 or 13.1% are candidates, Member.
ship in the party has increased by 13.7% since the last report more than a year ago,
There are more mon members, and they now number 17.4% of the party. Thirty.tive percent
Of the members have had. a secondary or better education, not a terribly impressive figure
in view of general Soviet propaganda about UBEI educational successes. Malnikov elves
some interesting figures on the distribution of membership by occupations 36.9 percent
are in industry, 17.7 are in agriculture, and 9.1 percent are in science, education and the
arts. This leaves a total of 36.3 percent unaccounted tor..virtually as many as there are
workers in the party. This 36.3 percent, presumably, are party bureaucrats, in the State
security forces etc.
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Melnikov claimed that the party has improved its performance in all fields but he
concedes that "some oblast party committees are directing the economy indifferently,
often substituting organizational work with paper direction." This is particularly
characteristic of the Chernigov and Rovno Oblast party committees. While there has
been an improvement in the enrollment and education of cadres; "nevertheless the level
of work among the cadres still lags behind the growing demands that lie before tirePYRGHT
party organization of the Republic." He continued:
Some oblast party committees, ministries and adminiotrations
allow violations of the Bolshevik principle on the enrollment
of workers in accordance with their political and labor
qualifications; and show a lack of sense by management in
appointments to directing posts. Failing to take notice of
the new emerging workers, some oblast committees, many town
and rayon party committees limit themselves to a small circle
of persona known to them... If a person disrupts 11.04 at one
section, he is thoughtlessly transferred to another similar Or
even -more important post. If the person fails again, he is
onwmore handed a directing position.."
Failures in the work with cadres, Melnikov argued, is due to the practice of ass1(gffidg3HT
this duty to subordinates.
Bo far the Central Committee has uncovered serious mistakes
and errors in the work among cadres in a number of ministries ?
and administrations. The condition in the Ministries of the
Meat and Milk Industry, the Foodstuffs Industry, the Light
Industry, and the Ministry of Trade was especially unfortunate.
As i result of the careless attitude of the heads Of these
ministries toward the enrollment of cadres, swindlers and
loafers have penetrated many leading and materially responsible
posts.
It is necessary, Melnikov went on, to strengthen the struggle against /those who steal
socialist property, squanderers, bribe-takers and speculators, ...to create an atmosphere
of hatred against them on the part of the workers.
After demanding an improvement in the selection of women and young people for leading
positions, Melnikov went on to admit the justice of the criticisms directed by the All
Union Party against the Ukrainian Communist Party for faulty ideological work. The
Ukrainian Party Committee, he said, has strengthened its struggle against perversions
of all kinds and developed criticism and self-criticism, "But this is only the
beginning... The propagation of Marxism-Leninism is still organissd unsatisfactorily.
In many party schools and circles lessons are conducted on a low ideologioal-theoretioal
level... The party organisation frequently selects lecturers, consultants and directors
of political schools and circles who are not sufficiently qualified for the posts,"
Still unsatisfactory, continued Melnikov, is the level of mass political work at 1WieRGHT
enterprises and kolkhoses, where too often pooitical agitation ii separated fraa
production tasks.
Mhos political work is poorly organised in production brigades
Of any kolkhoses. The increase of cultural resources of the workers
demands from the party organisations a further increase in the
network of cultural educational establishments, and above all, an
Improvement in the ideological content of their work.
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Melnikov then proceeded to discuss shortcomings in the field of science and education.
A considerable number of higher educational establishments do not have enough qualified
personnel and are maintaining poor liaison with practical life. Particularly poor is
the state of lecturing in the social sciences, and it must be admitted that many
scientific experimental establishments are reorganizing their work slowly deapite
strictures of the All-Union Party Committee and Stalin's directives on ideologicariRGHT
questions.
TOO few works have been written to expose the manifestations
of bourgeois ideology, and above all of Ukrainian bourgeois
nationalism and outcast cosmopolitanism. In many institutes
of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, criticism and self-
criticism, free exchange and the struggle of ideas have not
attained the necessary level.
Melnikov analyzed in detail the shortcomings and perversions committed in certain works
of art and literature, particularly citing the nationalistic verses of Sosyura, verse
blatantly perverting the picture of the Soviet Union, verse which "could have been
signed by any illiterate person of the Ukrainian people from the nationalist camp, say
Petlura, Bandera and others." This verse,Molnikov charged, was used by the UkraizaallRGHT
nationalists as weapon.
?Bourgeois nationalism is the most tenacious and most
dangerous remnant of capitalism in the consciousness of
the people. We must expose any manifestations of Ukrainian
bourgeois nationalism wherever they appear. We must also
struggle implacably against the manifestations of the hostile,
reactionary ideology of the pariah cosmopolitanism... beach
remains to be done in order to lift our literature and arts to
the level which will satisfy the cultural demands of our
people. (Kiev, 23 September)
Reporting for the Central Auditing Commission, Davydov told of the results of a checkup
on the treatment of letters of complaint from party and non-party members tointrina,?,?
party and economic organizations. The checkup, he said, revealed serious mistakeerir'm
the direction of kolkhozes by party and Soviet organs.
In the Poltava, Zhitomir, Odessa and Chernigov Oblast Party
Committees...a large number of letters and complaints remains
unexamined for more than two months. There are cases of formal
and bureaucratic attitudes toward the examination of complaints.
...the Central Committee also noted the formal and bureaucratic
condition of the examination of complaints and proposals of the
workers which exists in the Ministries of Asriculture, Sovkhosesa
and 7ishing Industries. (Xiay, 23 September)
Reporting for the Credentials ComaissiOn, Tensor' gave some illuminating figures cm the
composition of the Ukrainian Party Congress. Of the 571 voting delegates, only 169 can be
classified as workers or farmers..another 45 ver e described as "workers of soignee, eulture
and the arts," The rest of the delegates comprisedi 336 party offieials; 101 soviet,
administrative and trade union officials; 14 Komsomol officials; and 106 representatives
of the Army, the Ministry of State Security, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Also interesting was Tarasovls statement revealing the high rate of attrition of old
party members in the Ukraine. Only six of the delegates were party members before 19201
277 joinnd the party before 1930; 290 before 1940; and 173 between 1941 and l952. (The
total figlre is higher than that given in the paragraph preceding, presumably since it
inoludei Ooth voting and non.voting delegates.) Ukrainians were a majority at the
Congress, comprising 66.2 percent; 30.9 percent, however, were Russians. (Sieve,
21 September)
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STATINTL
Davydov: reporting for the Auditing Commission, told of satisfactory progress in the
collection of party dues and in the sale of publications, but he reported that violations
of output schedules by editors of newspapers and magazines are "not. rare." He spoke of
growing expenditures for party education and complained that "some oblast party committees
are not utilizing fully the funds alloted for this purpose, overlooking the great
importance of the task of the Marxist-Leninist education of Communists." (Kiev,
25 September)
Kiev radio reported on .27 September that the preceding day's session was mainly devoted
to the .question Of raising the level of party work in party organizations and to the
improvement of party leadership in industry and agriculture, in the course of which the
work of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Party was "Sharply criticized."
One speaker complained that "party: soviet and other organizations often satisfy themselves
with averages of plan fulfillment: not considering the backward enterprises and kolkhozes."
As a result: in Drogobych Oblast many kolkhozes are weak both organizationAlly and
financially. There are. still cases of infringement of the kolkhoz statute and many
infringements of internal party democracy. The speaker, Kiev radio said, made "just'
allegations" against the Ministries of Communal Economy, Housing, Civil Construction,
and Health for giving insufficient attention to Drogobych Oblast.
PWRGHT
A speaker representing the Makeyevka town party committee cited a specific example-00i.
the evils resulting from faulty work with cadres, uncovered at the town party meeting.
The former head of the Kapitalnaya mine, Zostava, surrounded
himself with relatives, acquaintances and persons who were not
trustworthy... Among the directing workers of the shaft, there
were eight of his relatives... At the mine mutual hushing up
prevailed together with flattery and favoritism. (Kiev, 24 September)
Another speaker, quoted the same day, denounced those party members who are not observing
the rules of the socialist way of life and who allow violations of Communist ethic..
"The party organisations, instead of reprimanding them severely for un-party like .
activities, often .cover up such acts and find it difficult to reprimand a Communist,
particularly if he occupies a responsible position."
Rudich, secretary of the Zaporoshye Town party committee, proposed.an amendment to Chapter
One of the draft party statute, stating that "the Communist party of the Soviet Union ts
systematically cleansing its ranks of all those who disgrace the high name of Communist,
who have morally decayed, who abuse their position in the service, and who break away
from the masses." Rudich demanded that the Ukrainian Communist Party further improve
leadership in the selection, placing, and upbringing of cadres, pointing out that since
1949 four Zaporoshys party secretaries in charge of ideological problems have been
changed. Ustychenko, secretary of the Xiev town party committee, reoommended that it be
made a requireisent for party membership to have at least a secondary eduoation, and
Chernyansky, secretary of the Odessa town party committee, urged that the statute define
measures to be taken against Communists "who voluntarily abandon primary party organisa-
tions and migrate at their own will." (Kiev, 24 September)
Despite all the criticisms mentioned above, the Congress voted unanimously to approve
the political line and practical work of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist
Party. (Kiev, 27 Septetber)
Xnd.ustz'yNelnikov stated that the most serious shortcoming in industry and in the work
of par y supervising organs was "a planned attitude" (panovy pidkhid) toward the
assessment of work by enterprises, that is, concealing deficiencies in the production of
individual items under overall figures shoving plan fulfillment. According to Kiev radio
on 2, September, Xelnikov sharply criticised the Dryanski Mayon and the Xadiyevka Town
party committees, as well as the management of the Xadiyev coal trust, for substituting
active leadership over personnel with numerous directives.
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Melnikov vent on to say that there were
local and cooperative industries. Many
production planik'espeCially'as regards
Important items,Of. production, the plan
?- 6 -
STATINTL
"great shortcomings" in the work of Republican,
enterprises, he said, failed to fulfill their
specified items._ "In 1954_out of 465 most
was fulfilled for only 217 items."
Korotchenko, Choirs= of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers, quoted by Kiev on 27 September,
? severely criticized leeipenko? Minister of Light Inditstry, Gritsenko, Minister of Local
Industry, and Pirogo*, Minister of State Contra-all of whom visit enterprises very
rarely, are poorly acquainted with the situation, maintain little contact with Soviet
and party organs concerned, and do not eliminate shortcomings in the work of individual
organizations." '
Rohinets, secretary of the Chernigov Oblast PartY.e0Mmittee, complained that a number of
industries, especially those of the local and'cooperetive industries, are badly utiliz-
ing their internal.00ources and are, therefore, lagging behind. He accused the Ministry
of Communal Economy ,01. State Planning of WI:ins to give enough assistance in the
building of Chernigqi, the 'ablest center. (Kiev# 26 September)
A speaker from DnieProPetl'Ovwk indicted. the Miniatry and administration of the MOtal
Industry for failinito.provilie 80:000 rubles ,which would. enable the Petrevski enterprise
to burn waste gas BO thuseave.fuel. Se also criticised the Ministry orPerrous
Metallurgy of dilat 'ems the adoption of new, technical improvements., (Kiev,
24 September)
The secretary, of theloepordrozhye Town Party Committee said that 27 enterprises and
.failed to fulfill the eight-month production plan due to "crave
k of 'e town ankrayon party eammittees. (Kiev, 24 September)
artele in Zaporozhye
shortcomings" lathe
Agriculture; A:AUM ,ote0e4kOre criticised :the- work Of the Ukrainian Ministry of
Agriculture. Aeraw.Oblast Secretary OnythOhenko.ettacked thellinistries of Agriculture
and Cotton Growing-ler poor -training of farm technicians, especially of irrigation
experts. Angelita,a,Stalino Oblast tractor brigade 'leader, said that theMinistry of
Agriculture, has "failekcomplatele to sensiderthe-questionof perfecting agricultural
machines, eepeeially:Wombines. She added that the Ministry does not properly train
tractor brigade leaders and:ehe demanded better training.of secretaries of kolkhos
primary party organisations. (iclev, 26 September)'
Other criticisms' were launched by a Kiev Oblast brigade leader, who said that the Ministry
was weakly propagating the experience of agricultural 'innovators, and by the Secretary of
the Kamenets-PodollkObkom, who made the blanket indictment that the Ministry was giving
too little attention to, the needs of collective farms. Minister of Agriculture Spivak
appeared not to have answered his critics.' He was voted by Kiev on 26 September, however,
as saying that there Were -serious mistakes in the Work of agricultural organs in the
Republic. He pointWin particular to the low milk output, especially in Zhitomir and
Ohernigov *lasts,. the Weak development of the fodder base and the insufficient level of
mechanisation i.aonsting farm processes.
Malenkin, Secretary off the Nikolayev Oblast Party Committee, admitted the justice of
Melnikov's criticisms of the Nikolayev committee. The Oblast, he said is lagging behind
in livestock breeding, and the responsibility for this rests on the coMmittee and on the
Ukrainian Cooperative Society and the Administration for Molkhos and Rural Construction.
Malenkiu added that Urollets, deputy chairman of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers, was
also responsible, for, he had failed to take neeeseary measures to insure fulfillment, of the
plan for rural and kM4405 construction. War, 17 September)
Another speaker attaebed the Ukrainian Aeademy of Sciences for giving insufficient help
to sugar beet growers
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Zhitcmir Oblast Secretary Fedorov admitted the justice of criticisms levelled against tne
oblast committee, which had failed to apply the crop rotation system and to liquidate
infringements of the kclkhoz statute. Also responsible for the oblest's failures, he
said, were the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Light Industry, both of which
had not supplied enough tractors and other machines, mineral fertilizers and building
materials. The ultimate responsibility, he concluded, rests with the Ukrainian Central
Committee, which had failed to check up to see that its directives were fulfilled.
(Kiev, 27 September)
Mining: Some stress was placed on the problems that must be solved if the new Five
Year Plan figures for coal production are to be fulfilled. Pochenkov, director of the
Stalin Coal Combines admitted that "a considerable part" of the mines in the combine
have not yet developed to planned capacity due to the failure to complete construction.
"It is necessary to end such harmful practices of the construction organizations... It
is indispensible that we shorten construction time... Considerable help should be given
by the Ukrainian and USSR Academies of Sciences. Up to now the work of the scientists
in this branch is very slow." (Kiev, 24 September)
Voroshilovgrad Oblast Party Secretary Klimenko admitted that the Voroshilovgrad coal
combine and the Donbas anthracite combine had failed to fulfill their plans as the result
of poor application of the cyclic schedule and unsatisfactory use of mining equipment.
Klimenko ascribed the poor work of the mines to poor selection of directing personnel,
and he cited instances of "a superficial approach toward the selection of managers by
the USSR Ministry of the Coal Industry." (Kiev, 26 September)
RADYANSKAYA DONESCRINA, in an editorial broadcast by Stalin? on 27 September, discussed
the production goals set in the directive for the 19th All Union Congress and said that
many Donbas mines were not working properly. For example, the editorial said, Number One
SverdloVka Mine of the Makayev Coal Trust is permitting delays and incorrect technical
leadership which act ass brake on progress.
A steel worker delegate criticized the management of the Itivoi Rog iron Mining field for
supplying low quality iron ore to metal plants?on several occasions, he said, the ore
contained 20 percent of silica. He also criticised the Kharkov Metals Institute and the
USSR Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy for not giving enough assistance to individual enter-
prises /in solving their production problems. (Kiev, 27 September)
Arts and Sciences: Melnikov's criticisms of Ukrainian literature were echoed by a number
of speakers. Ukrainian Writers' Union chief Kcrneychuk conceded the justice of complaints
against the work of himself and his wife and against the poets Sosyura and Rylski. "All
writers must develop a deeper sense of intransigeance towards all manifestations of
bourgeois ideology, nationalism and cosmopolitanism... It is necessary to unite all branchee
of the printing industry into sue system and also to unite all book publishing houses, with
the exception only of those publishing houses which publish books of a special nature. This
would enable them to maks a correct use of their paper mourns." (Kiev, 24 September)
Basilan, deputy chairman of the writers union, said that "only the first steps" have yet been
taken to comply with All Union party decisions against ideological perversions in litera-
ture. In the writers circle, he complained, the atmosphere of friendliness, covering up
of mistakes and un-party like reaction to criticism" still exists. Ukrainian Central
Committee Secretary Nasarenko asserted that much progress has been made toward developing
Soviet and Ukrainian culture "by waging a determined and merciless struggle against all
and sundry manifestations of bourgeois nationalism," but serious shortcomings still prevail
in the work of various education authorities. Certain party organisations give little
attention to the training of teachers. Nasarenko accused Ukrainian writers of creating too
few works which would help bring up Ukrainian youth to be "oheerful, buoyant and boundlessly
devoted to the cause of the Lenin-Stalin Part." (Kiev, 27 September)
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Frykordonny? chief editor of RADYANSKAY UKRAINA, admitted the complicity of his paper in
the crimes of Ukrainian writers. We failed to expose and criticize in good time the
manifestations of Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism. It very often happens that articles
in our paper do not meet the ever-growing needs of our people." (Kiev 27 September)
Criticisms of the work of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences were acknowledged by President
Palladia, who promised to strengthen cooperation between scientists and production workers.
(Kiev, 26 September) The gap between theory and practice of science was underlined by
TUlchynska, acting director of Machnikov University in Odeisa. Scientific leaders are
not giving enough attention to the problem of aiding production. "It is necessary to
coordinate the work of scientists, to publicize systematically the scientific work, and
to eliminate organizational anomalies and the disunity of some groups of scientists...
The execution of plane for scientific research work in the higher educational establish-
ments should be concentrated at a coordination center of the USSR Academy of Sciences and
of the Ukrainian Academy Of Sciences." (Kiev, 27 September)
Consumer Goods: Nkanikovls indictment of various Ministries responsible for :lulling
consumers was weightily reinforced in a speech by Korotchenko, Chairman of the EAMiHT
Council of Ministers. (Kiev, 24 September)
We cannot overlook the fact that a part of the industrial enter-
prises of the Republic, particularly the Ministries of Industrial
Building Materials, Meat and Dairy, Light, Food, Local and Coopera-
tive Industries, as well as other branches, are not yet fulfilling
the production tasks, and are often producing low quality goods at
high production costs, infringing the plans for specific-item produc-
tion, and working at a loss.
The Ministries of the Local and Food Industries, the industrial cooperatives, and many
executive committees of town councils, Korotchenko claimed, are inadequately expanaW (31-IT
the rayon industry, and there is poor utilization of local resources.
The Ministry of Trade and the Cooperative Union have many
shortcomings in the management of trade and in the planning of
distribution and the location of trade centers. They make poor
studies of the demands of the population, and extend the trade
network slowly, without efficiently struggling against losoes
and stealing. A decisive end must be put to all theme shortcomings.
A delegate from Volhynia Oblast attaaked the Ukrainian Mintatry of the Furniture Industry
for failing to establish a single furniture producing enterprise in the oblast, although
there is sufficient material locally for such a factory. Also to blame, he field, is the
Ministry of Local Industry. (Kiev, 2( September)
You Several speakers devoted their time to the problems of youth, especially those in
tg-Romsomole Shovel, chairman of the Ukrainian Komsomol, said. that there were still many
ahortoomings in the party direction of youth organisations. "Many local Kameomel organiza-
tions have been inadequately carrying otxt moos political work and cultural enlightenmeet
among the youth, maintaining insufficient contact with the broad masses." dtanifilev Cbkom
Secretary Shchertak said that in the eblait little attention ie being paid by the party
and Komsomol Organisations to rural orgetisetions. (Kiev; 27 September) A delegate :row
Makeyevka proposed an amendment to the party statutes making it obligatory for a former
Komsomol member applying for Communist Party memberehip to have the endorsement of the
rayon Komsomol commdttee. The previous proposal that the recommendation of three PartY
members equal rayon Komsomol endorsement) he paid, "lowers responsibility of the Komsomol
organisation for its members." (Kiev, 24 September)
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Construction and Transportation: Serious charges against construction planning
OrganiZations were med.e by Eochkin, director of the *Ukrainian Water Constructions
Organization." He alleged that the quality of planning is low and said that serious
blunders and omissions have occured. "They do not take into account the location of
building materials, and the plans are made on general lines stressing the need to build
cheaply, but call for the use of timber for construction forgetting that timber is
scarce in the steppe area." Named as guilty of such improper planning practices were
the Ministry of Cotton the Committee for Construction Affairs, and the State Planning
Commission. (Kiev, 2k September) Odessa delegate Markov criticized the Ministry of
Communal Economy and of the State Planning Commission for "the absence of order* in
planning for production anddelivery of building materials. Plans for the improvement
of the Odessa economy, he said, do not satisfy the "mature demands" of the city. A
kolkhoz official from Kamenets-Podolsk Oblast said that the building of livestock
shelters in the oblast is being hampered. by the lag in the output of bricks and tiles.
The Kirov factory in Mogilev Podolsk, he complained, is manufacturing brick and tile
presses for koikhozes? but the presses are delivered without the parts which would make
them useful. (Kiev, 24 September)
The secretary of the Odessa Oblast party committee) noting an improvement in the work
of the Odessa railway, said that nevertheless there are serious mistakes in transport
and in industry. Internal resources are being poorly used and many enterprises are
still not fulfilling the plan for either gross output or for assortment. (Kiev,
26 September)
The Western Ukraine: Supplementing Manikovls remarks on the subject, Deputy Chairman
of the Ukrainian 0?u:ten of Ministers Korniyets spoke in detail on shortcomings in the
work of industrial enterprises, kolkhomes and machine-tractor stations and of Soviet
and ports organizations in the Western Ukraine, according to a Kiev broadcast of
27 September. Lvov Oblast Party Secretary Serdyuk claimed that the party organisation
in the West Ukraine has "inflicted a terrible blow against the remnants of the bands
of the Ukrainian bourgeois nationalists, the most ferocious enemies of the Ukrainian
people, the agents of the Anglo-American imperialists," but he Conceded that the Lvov-
Oblast Party organization had been rightly criticized several times by the AU-Union
and the Ukrainian -Central Committees and by PRAVDA. Weaknesses in the ideolo gioacPYRGHT
sector are especially prevalent, he said.
Comrade Milnikov justly criticised us for insufficient vork
with local intelligentsia and students. The party
organisations of the Oblast are still too formal in their
propagation of scientific and political knowledge, and do
not always give this work a Solehevik directness, There are
Still many shortcomings in our lecture propaganda. We do
not engulf the entire population with lectures, reports
and talks. Often lectures are delivered on a low ideological
level.
Serdyuk vent on to admit that many industries in Lvov Oblast do not fulfil production
quotas, and he said that there are many backward kolkhoses where organisation of labor
and labor discipline are weak. "Sometimes we show a lack of sense of management in
appointing people to managerial posts." Jut Lvov cannot do the job by itself, he
claimed) it needs the active assistance of union and Itpublioan ministries, Recently,
on the recommendation of the Central Committee, representatives of several ministries
visited Lvov, made great promises, and went away. Their promises remain unfulfilled,
he said. Specifioally, Deputy Minister of Mutation Prokofyev promised to plan
construction of a student township in Lvov. "Put this remains a promise." 14rther,
Serdymk stated, Deputy Chairman Kornlysts himself "does not study sufficiently the
needs of the Western Oblasts." (Kiev, 36 September)
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The Armed Forces: A glimpse of the relations between the party and the Army in the
Ukraine was afforded by the speech of Hrechko, Commander of the Kiev Military Okrug.
After conventional references to the need for vigilance against the machinations of
the Anglo-American imperialists and to Stalin's solic*Oude OillUthe Aiiy, Brechko
,claimed that the Soviet army is better equipped than during the war and has "the bestCPYRGHT
armaments in the world. He vent ea, however, to speak of "some shortcomings" on the
part of ()blast party organizations,as regards the training of recruits for the army.
The Soviet army main] i receives youths who are educated and
physically developed. But we must not forget that in the war
years many Soviet children had no chance to study at schools
and higher educational establishments. As a result we have
cases of youths joining the services without the necessary
education, and they find it difficult to assimilate the comOlex
military technology.,
Hrechko continued by pointing out that it is the duty of the local party organizations
and of educational institutions to give more attention to improving the educational
level of youth. "It is necessary to improve the management of evening schools for adults
and to take steps to see that youth of military age gets all-round preparation**. We
must develop and cultivate the feeling of proletarian nationalism and ed%Oate the
youth in the spirit of the Lenin-Stalin friendship of the peoples."
Noting the statement in the drat* party staUte about the relations between army political
and local party organizations, Hrechko staled that the statute "obliges us to strengthen
constantly the connections between the political organs and the local party organizations,
between the units of the Soviet s. and e pprises and kolkhoses*" (liev,
27 September)
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