USSR ELECTRONIC AND PRECISION EQUIPMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-03107A000100020009-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 49
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 26, 1999
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: May 14, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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FILE
COPY
USSR.
ELECTRONIC AND PRECISION
EQUIPMENT
Number 9
14 May 1959
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Prepared by
Foreign Documents Division
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
2430 E. St.,' N. W., Washington 25, D.C.
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----"
AEV GLASS
6fitG GGPAP --- - D
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PLEASE NOTE
This report presents unevaluated information selected from
Russian-language publications as indicated. It is produced and
disseminated as an aid to United States Government research.
USSR ELECTRONIC AND PRECISION EQUIPMENT
Table of Contents
I. Items of Special Interest
A. Statistics
B. New Products
C. Plants
D. Consumer Goods Deficiencies
E. Astronomical Television Unit
II. Local Production and Organization
.A. Moscow
B. Leningrad
C. Tashkent
D. Belorussian SSR
E. Transcaucasus Republics
F. Baltic Republics
III. Electronic Equipment
A. General Information
B. Components
C. Radios
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Page
D.
Television Equipment
15
1. Seven-Year Plan Developments
15
2. Broadcasting Equipment
16
3. Industrial Television
17
~. Television Receivers
18
E.
Communications Equipment
20
IV.
Precision Equipment
22
A.
Automation and Telemechanical Systems
22
B.
Industrial Instrumentation
23
C.
Test Apparatus
27
D.
Electrical Instruments
27
E.
Geophysical Instruments
32
F.
Medical Equipment
33
G.
Computers
31.
H.
Plant and Institute Information
35
I.
Motion-Picture and Photographic Apparatus
36
V.
Electrical Products
.?
A.
Wire and Cable
P.O
B.
Switches and Controls
43
C.
Ultrasonic Generator
4+5
D.
Batteries
4+5
E.
Welding Equipment
46
F.
Other Electrical Equipment
46
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I. ITENb OF SPECIAL INTEREST
A. Statistics
During the first 9 months of 1958, 18.4 million timepieces, 2.9
million radio receivers, and 711,000 television sets were produced
in the USSR. (Moscow, Izvestiya, 12 Oct 58)
In 1958, 3.7 million radio receivers and radio-phonographs and
890,000 television sets were produced in the USSR. In 1965, 5.8
million radio receivers and radio-phonographs and 3,095,000 television
sets will be -produced in the USSR. (Moscow, Planovoye Khozyzystvo,
Feb 59, p 63)
In 1958, 110 million vacuum tubes, 3.9 million radio receivers,
one million television sets, 1.5 million cameras, and 25 million
timepieces were produced in the USSR. (Moscow, Vestnik Statistiki,
No 2, 1959, pp 19-20)
In 1958, more than 20 million various timepieces, 1.5 million
cameras, 3.5 million bicycles, almost 3 million sewing machines,
and 4 million radio receivers and radio-phonographs were put on the
market in the USSR. (Moscow, Sovetskaya Torgovlya, Feb 59, p 45)
Instrument making in the USSR in 1957 increased to 5.4 times the
1950 level. In 1957, 17.6 times as many computing machines, 5.7 times
as many automatic industrial control instruments, and 9.5 times as
many electrical measuring instruments were produced as in 1950. (Moscow,
Trud, 23 Oct 58 )
B. New Products
In the first 9 months of 1958, 16,191 electric motors and 240,000
magnetic starters were produced in the Kirgiz SSR. (Frunze, Sovetskaya
Kirgiziya, 21 Oct 58)
[Comment: The production of the above-mentioned articles by any
enterprise in the Kirgiz SSR has not been noted previously in available
sources.]
Recently, a new automatic cafeteria began operations on ulitsa
Stalina, not far from the Oktyabr' Motion-Picture Theater in Frunze.
This cafeteria has special automatic equipment, which was produced by
the Kiev Oktyabr' Plant [Kiyevskiy zavod "Oktyabr'"]. (Frunze, Sovet-
skaya Kirgiziya, 12 Oct 58)
[Comment: This is the first time that the name of this plant has been
noted in available sources.]
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Group-flow methods of machining were utilized in Leningrad by only
one or two plants about 2 or 3 years ago. Now a number of Leningrad
plants have adopted these methods successfully, including the Plant imeni
Kozitskiy, the Vibrator Plant., and the GOIZ [State Optical Machinery
Plant] imeni OGPU. (Moscow, Me. shinostroitel', Feb 59, p 2)
[Comment: As far as is known, this is the first time that the imeni
0GRJhas been used with the GON7 in any available source. This plant is
mentioned in other parts of the same periodical without the imeni OGPU.]
During 1959, the Ternopol' Elektroarmatura Plant (Ternopol'skiy
zavod "Elektroarmatura") will produce fluorescent mine lamps. (Kiev,
Pravda Ukrainy, 1 Jan 59)
During 1959, the Sumy Instrument-Making Plant (Sumskiy priborostroitel'nyy
zavod) will produce its first electronic microscopes. (Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy,
?_ Jan 59 )
During the Seven-Year Plan, it is expected that a new plant for the
production of motion-picture apparatus will be constructed in Tyumen'.
(Moscow, Tekhnika Kino i Televideniya, Jan 59, p 3)
D. Consumer Goods Deficiencies
It is not by ^hance that a number of plants which formerly produced
high-quality consumer goods have now curtailed their production. In 1957,
the electric tea kettles made by the Leningrad Elektrik Plant, and the
coffee makers and electric tea kettles made by the Moscow Elektrosvet
Plant were taken out of production. For many years, the Moscow Dinamo
Plant produced four high-quality electric hot plates per minute. Not it
has stopped making them, and the trade organizations of Moscow have to
import hot plates from other economic regions, where they are made by
less efficient enterprises. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta, 5 Oct 58 )
Some enterprises already engaged in the production of consumer goods
are curtailing the production of such goods. The Kiev Motorcycle Plant
has stopped the production of children's bicycles, which were in very
great demand. The production of children's bicycles has also been stopped
at the Kharkov Turbine Plant imeni Kirov of the Khar'kovskiy Sovnarkhoz.
Children's bicycles are now shipped to the Ukrainian SSR from Moscow,
Leningrad, and other cities.
Many enterprises do not fulfill their obligations to put consumer
goods into production. For instance, the Kharkov Mhchine Plant
designed and produced an experimental consignment of the new, model M-6
electric sewing machine, but has delayed its series production. Press
Plant No 2 [Shtampovochnyy zavod No 21 of the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz
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was to have organized the mass production of Leningrad refrigerators in 1958,
but failed to fulfill this obligation. The Baku Electrical Machinery Plant
did not fulfill its obligation to master the production of room air-conditioners.
(Iscow, Sovetskaya Torgovlya, Feb 59, p 12)
In 1958, the production of consumer goods rose significantly. The radio
industry produced the Khar'kov seven-tube radio-phonograph, the Dnipro-58
and Oktava-58 radio receivers and radio-phonographs, and the Rubin 201 and
Rubin 202 console television sets. These are the first console television
sets i:nade in the USSR, and are as good as the best foreign models in sound
and picture quality.
However, achievements in the production of consumer goods would be
much. better if all sovnarkhozes and enterprises approached this task
with. creativity and enthusiasm for making new varieties available,
producing new products, and improving currently made goods. In 1958, a
number of sovnai?khozes failed. to fulfill their obligations for starting
the production of new products. For Instance, the Penzenskiy Sovnarkhoz
failed to master the production of motorbikes; the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz,
pocket transistor radios; the Saratovskiy Sovnarkhoz, vacuum cleaners; and
the Tuleskiy Sovnarkhoz, electric dishwashers.
So far, mass production of some products, such as the Akkord
tape recorder, has not begun despite the fact that substantial funds
were spent to prepare for their production. The mass production of new
2)4O-liter-capacity refrigerators has not been organized at the Moscow Motor
Vehicle Plant imeni Likhachev and the mass production of Saratov-3
refrigerators has not been started as the Saratovskiy Sovnarkhoz. -- S. Trifonov,
Deputy Minister of Trade RSFSR (Moscow, Novyye Tovary, No 1, 1959, p 2)
During the 6-month plant guarantee period, a large percentage of
television sets have to undergo repairs without charge because of
assembly defects: bad picture tubes, line transformers, channel switches,
frame transformers, focusing and deflecting systems, and other deficiencies.
More than 85 percent of the Start television sets and more than 60 percent
of the Rekord television sets produced by plants of the Moscow Oblast
Sovnarkhoz have to be repaired because of such defects. The same is true
of 65 percent of the Znannra television sets and up to 75 percent of the
M.-49-4 television sets produced by plants of the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz,
of more than 60 percent of the Rekord television sets produced by a plant
of the Voronezhskiy Sovnarkhoz, and of up to 70 percent of the Rubin sets
produced by a plant of the Moscow City Sovnarkhoz. The defects of many
television sets can be determined only after repeated attempts to repair
them.
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The plant guarantee really does not guarantee to the purchaser that
his set will operate well during 6 months; it only entitles him to free
repair service in television workshops, which are forced to rectify
manufacturing defects.
M Any sovnarkhozes and radio plants do not live up to their contractual
obligations to supply spare picture tubes and radio components to television
workshops. In recent years, it has been exceptionally difficult to get
type 181K picture tubes and components for KVN-4+9 and AVangard-55 television
sets, which comprise more than half of all television sets in use.
Darin; the third quarter of 1958, a plant of the Moscow Oblast Sovnarkhoz
failed to supply 46 percent of its allotment of type 181K5B television
picture tubes to workshops. Plants of the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz failed
to supply more than 90 percent and plants of the Vladimirskiy Sovnarkhoz
failed to supply about 60 percent of the planned amount of focusing-
deflecting systems for KVN-1.9 televisicn sets. A plant of the Krasnoyarskiy
Sovnarkhoz failed to supply a large quantity of frame transformers, line
transformers, blocking oscillator transformers, and other spare parts for
Avangard-55 television sets.
Enterprises of the radio industry continuously increase their output
of television sets; however, the output of high-frequency cable necessary
for installing television sets is not keeping pace. An insufficient
allotment of such cable is planned for the Ministry of Communications.
At present, the Scientific Research Institute of the Cable Industry
has developed a new type KVT high-frequency cable which is more economical
than currently produced type RK cable. The new cable is being produced by
plants of the Bashkirskiy Sovnarkhoz and the Moscow City Sovnarkhoz. --
B. Kuybyshev, Chief, Administration of the Television Receiving Network,
Radiofication, and Intra rayon Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications
USSR. (Moscow, Radio, Feb 59, p 14)
[Comment: From the above it can be ascertained that at least two
unidentified plants in Moscow Oblast Sovnarkhoz produce television sets,
including the Start and the Rekord, and that an unidentified plant of the
same sovnarkhoz produces television picture tubes.]
There is a sharp disproportion between the output of television sets
for sale to the populace and, the production of high-frequency cable
necessary for installing these sets. Despite the many demands made by
the Ministry of Communications USSR, the production of this cable as
planned by Gosplan USSR is much too low; moreover, this cable is produced
in an insufficient number of sizes. The requirements for this cable
were met only 52 percent in 1957; the 1958 supply is even worse.
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Because of the shortage of high-frequency cables, Gosradiotrest
[State Radio Trust] of the ! nistry of Communications USSR and its
television workshops cannot meet even the priority demands of in-
stalling master television antennas for collective use. It is becoming
necessary to forbid the installation of private outdoor antennas and
to forbid anyone to connect his set onto existing master antennas.
This situation must be alleviated immediately, because new type KVT
high-frequency cables have already been developed by the Scientific
Research Institute of the Cable Industry and have been put into production
at plants of the Bashkirskiy and Moscow sovnarkhozes. The new cables
use only one fourth to one third the expensive chemical materials needed
to make older types of cable. -- V. Kuybyshev, Chief, Administration
of the Television Receiving Network, Radiofication, and Intrarayon
Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications USSR (Moscow, Izvestiya,
26 Oct 58 )
y:. Chugunov, an engineer from Baku, bought a KVN-49-4 (T-l)
television set, No 327357, produced on 30 May 1958. The purchase
was made on 13 June 1958, and the set worked for only 10 days. Since
then, he has been unable to have it fixed. (Moscow, Radio, Feb 39,
p 14)
E. Astronomical Television Unit
N. F. Kuprevich, senior scientific associate of the Pulkovo
Astronomical Observatory, has designed the first USSR television unit
for astronomic photography and observation and is continuing to
improve it. New, more sensitive transmitting cathode-ray tubes have
been put into operation, and receiving cathode-ray tubes of higher
brightness have been installed. More than 50 photographs of the moon
and Mars have already been taken with the new unit. (Leningradskaya
Pravda, 13 Dec 58 )
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A. Moscow
The Administration of the Radio Engineering Industry and Instrument
Yaking of the Moscow City Sovnarkhoz makes the following statement in
answer to critical comments appearing in Radio:
The enterprises of the sovnarkhoz, which produce the Temp-3, Rubin,
Rubin-102, Yantar', and Moskva television sets, constantly strive to
improve them.
The plant making the Temp-3 television set has improved the set.
The plant making the Rubin set has made strenuous efforts toward improving
quality in the process of manufacturing it. It has modernized the Rubin,
renaming it Rubin-A, and has begun the production of the new Rubin-102
television set, which has a superior design. --I. Ponomarev, a chief
ey;gineer (Moscow, Radio, Feb 59, p 15)
B. Leningrad
During 1958, enterprises of the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz produced
14.4+ percent more timepieces, 15.6 percent more radio receivers, and
29.l. percent more television sets than in 1957. (Leningradskaya Pravda,
l8 Dec 58)
The following plants are subordinate to the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz:
Lenpoligrafmash Plant
Vulkan Plant
GONZ [State Optical Machinery Plant]
Computing and Analyzing Machine Plant
Krasnaya Zarya Plant
Plant imeni Kozitskiy
Radist Plant
I ntep.lopribor Plant
Krasnogvardeyets Plant
E.lektrik Plant
(Moscow, Ye shinostroitel', Feb 59, pp 6-8)
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C. Tashkent
In 1957, the Tashkentskiy Sovnarkhoz abolished the small gray iron
foundries at the Tashkent Tashsel"mash Plant and the former Electrical
Machinery Plant. It planned to abolish such foundries at the Tashkent
Electric Bulb Plant and the Tashkent Prodmash Plant during 1958.
(Narodnoye Khozyzystvo Uzbekskoy SSR v 1958 godu (The National Economy
of the Uzbek SSR in 1958), book by S. K. Ziyadullayev, Tashkent, 1958,
p 32)
[Comment: This is the first time that the subordination of the
Tashkent Electric Bulb Plant has been observed in available sources.]
D. Belorussian SSR
From 1959 to 1965, it is planned to organize more than ten new
plants for the production of motor vehicle and tractor electrical
equipment, measuring instruments, electrical equipment, wires and
installation products, cables, and external watch parts in Vitebsk,
Gomell, Mogilev, Borisov, Brest, Grodno, Ibzyr', Lida, and other cities.
-- B. Paremskiy, Deputy Chairman, Gosplan Belorussian SSR (Moscow,
Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 5 Dec 58)
E. Transcaucasus Republics
During the first 9 months of 1958, the Armenian SSR produced 141,040
electric motors up to 100 kw in power, 20,209 generators up to 100 kw in
power, 12,528 mobile generating units, 12,065 km of lighting cord, 58,516
km of installation wire, 21,086,000 standard light bulbs, and 1,139,000
alarm clocks. (Yerevan, Kommunist, 16 Oct 58)
The Yerevan Elektrotochpribor Plant was the first instrument-making
enterprise established in the Armenian SSR. Since its organization in
1947, it has become a modern well-equipped plant, which makes hundreds
of thousands of instruments per year -- microammeters, millivoltmeters,
high-voltage indicators, current finders, and snap-around amprobes.
The Kirovakan Avtomatika Plant, which produces miniature potentiometers
and bridges; the Leninakan Instrument Making Plant, which produces general
industrial instruments; and the Yerevan Instrument Making Plant, which
makes thermal control instruments such as current-ratio measuring instruments
and galvanometers, were organized in 1957.
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To provide a base for the instrument-making and automation equipment.
industries, these following scientific research institutes were organized:
the Scientific Research Institute for Mathematical Machines in Yerevan and
the "Avtomatika" Scientific Research Institute for the Automation of
;industrial Processes in the Chemical Industry and Nonferrous Metallurgy in
Kirovakan. The "Prompribor" Special Design. Bureau in Leninakan and the
"Avtomatika" Special Design Bureau have also been established.
In 1958, new enterprises are being organized: the Yerevan Electrical
Metal-Ceramics Plant, the Leninakan Microelectric Motor Plant, the Sevan
Performing Mechanisms Plant, and the Arzni Precision Industrial Jewels
Plant .
The production of artistically finished wrist watches is being
organized at the Yerevan Timepiece Plant.
During the fourth quarter of 1958, the Yerevan Relay Apparatus Plant,
n:now under construction, is expected to go into operation.
During the Seven-Year Plan, it is expected that the Elektrotochpribor
Plant will be expanded and reconstructed, and its output will rise to 2.5
times the present level. The output of instruments of the Yerevan Instrument
Making Plant is expected to rise 450 percent after the plant is moved to
new premises and expanded, and new instruments such as sets of thermal
instruments and thermovacuum meters will be produced there. The reconstruction
and expansion of the Leninakan Instrument Making Plant, along with its
specialization in the production of moisture meters and viscosimeters,
will result in quadrupled commodity output for the plant by 1965.
Construction of the Kirovakan Avtomatika Plant will be completed,
and its output in 1965 will be 14 times the 1958 level. The Yerevan
Timepiece Plant will be expanded, and its output of timepieces will be
increased to 2.5 million [per year in 1965?], of which 500,000 will be
wrist watches.
It is planned to organize an optical instrument plant, which will
produce instruments for spectral analysis; a plant for the production
of industrial control and regulation machinery; and other plants.
Enormous sums of money are being allotted for the construction,
reconstruction, and expansion of instrument-making and automation equipment
plants. Output of this branch of industry will be more than quadrupled
by 1965.
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One of the most serious problems in the organization of new plants
and new types of production is the supply of nonstandard equipment and
accessories. To solve this problem, the nonstandard-equipment shop
of the Armelektro Plant should be expanded. The capacities of the tool
shops of the Elektrotochpribor Plant, the Timepiece Plant, and the
Armelektro Plant should be increased in order to supply special accessories
and tools for newly organized plants..
Much work has to be done by the "Avtomatika" and "Prompribor" special
design bureaus, which should be punctual in the development of new designs
of equipment and instruments for new plants to produce. -- G. Cholakhyan,
Chief, Administration of the Electrical Engineering Industry and Instrument
Making, Armenian Sovnarkhoz (Yerevan, Kommunist, 9 Oct 58)
Formerly the Yerevan Timepiece Plant was considered to be one of the
leading enterprises in the Armenian Sovnarkhoz. Because of irregular supply
end the shortage of certain materials, such as "brof" bronze wire for
valance filaments and U10A steel wire for the balance staffs, the plant's
production has suffered quantitatively and qualitatively. In September
1958, 23 production sections were shut down for 10 days. In August and
September, the plant produced 50,000 fewer alarm clocks than had been
assigned.
During the third quarter of 1958, the scow Serp i Molot Plant was
to have supplied 410 kg of U10A steel wire, but the Yerevan Timepiece
Plant received only 119 kg. The Gor'kiy Krasnaya Etna Plant failed to
supply more than 30 tons of funded steel band during the third quarter of
1958.
In the past, the Yerevan Timepiece Plant was able to keep a supply
of materials on hand sufficient for 45-90 days of work; now the
sovnarkhoz has cut the time limit to 30 days and the plant actually has
to operate "from hand to mouth."
The fourth quarter has come, and the plant is faced with a stoppage
of mass proportions in its assembly shop and other sections. It does not
have its basic materials. However, this does not alarm the officials of
the Administration of Electrical Engineering Industry and Instrument
Making and the Administration of Material and Technical Supply and Sales
of the Armenian Sovnarkhoz. For a long time they have been unable to
solve this vital problem for the Timepiece Plant. (Nbscow, Promyshlenno-
Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta,, 29 Oct 58)
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The instrument making and electrical engineering industries are under-
going rapid expansion in the Georgian SSR. In the next year or two, more
than 20 new enterprises will be organized. These enterprises will make
instruments for automating industrial processes in the light and food
industry, equipment for electric locomotives, crane equipment, automatic
welding machines, and other equipment A new plant for the manufacture of
washing machines, household fans, electric hot plates, and other consumer
goods will also be organized.
At present, many of the plants created in 1958 are getting ready to
begin production. For instance, the Staliniri Elektrovibromashina
Plant (Stalinirskiy zavod "?Elektrovibromashina") expects to produce the
first experimental models of electric vibrators (for construction work]
by the end of 1958. (Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka, 16 Oct 58)
During the first 9 months of 1958, 22,800 radio receivers and
television sets were produced in the Azerbaydzhan SSR. (Baku, Bakinskiy
R abochiy, 23 Oct 58 )
F. Baltic Republics
A further improvement in manufacturing processes is planned for the
Riga Electrical Machinery Plant (Rizhskiy elektromekhanicheskiy zavod).
By automation, mechanization, and specialization, the plant will double
its output of electrical installation products and will increase its
output of improved electric record players to eight times the present level.
It will master the production of tape recorders for radio-phonographs, and
of record players with automatic changers and high-fidelity pickups.
To satisfy the needs of the electrical industry during the next 7 years,
it is planned to construct plants for making electrical insulation materials,
cable products, and plastic products.
According to the Seven-Year Plan, the Riga VEF Plant and the Riga Plant
imeni Popov will increase the production of radio receivers and radio
phonographs to 700,000 per year, including improved models of such equipment.
In 1959, the Riga Plant imeni Popov will begin the production of the
new Sakta Class-2 radio-phonograph, which will utilize printed circuits
and will have a stereophonic sound system. This set will replace the cur-
rently produced Daugava radio-phonograph.
The V}F Plant is mastering the production of the new t tviya radio-
phonograph, the Viktoriya high-quality telephone handset, and the Liman
automatic telegraph relaying equipment. This plant will also increase
its output of telephone exchanges, telephone handsets, and all communications
equipment. It will begin the production of an automatic telephone exchange
with a new operating system, and new types of telephone handsets. During
the Seven-Year Plan, its output of radio and communications equipment will
be more than doubled.
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Both the VEF Plant and the Plant imeni Popov will be expanded. In
the first quarter of 1959, an automatic line for the production of printed
circuits will be put into operation at the VEF plant.
The Riga Electric Bulb Plant is supposed to serve the needs of the
Baltic republics, the Belorussian SSR, and Leningradskaya and other
oblasts. Its output of bulbs will be doubled. During the Seven-Year
Plan, it will have to increase the production of special bulbs for the
USSR automotive industry to seven times the present level. The same
increase is expected for streetlight lamps with mirror reflectors. It
is expected that construction of a building for special bulbs and a
laboratory building will be completed as soon as possible.
The preliminary plan figures forecast a 130-percent increase in
the production of instruments. The Riga Avtoelektropribor Plant is
expected to have a new production building constructed, and its electric
power system will be expanded. Small-series production with a large
products-list) and a great proportion of experimental production
require''a substantial expansion of the shops at the Riga Hydrometeorological
Instrument Plant and at the Riga Etalon Plant. Consequently, the
Latvian Sovnarkhoz must take all possible measures to accelerate the
construction of new buildings at these enterprises. --Ya. Damburg1
Mief, Administration of Radio and Electrical Engineering and the Wtal-
working Industry, Latvian Sovnarkhoz (Riga, Kommunist Sovetskoy Latvii,
Dec 58, pp 18-19)
During the first 9 months of 1958, enterprises in the Lithuanian
SSR produced 11,300 electric welding transformers, 7,200 electric
welders, 13 million rubles' worth of electrical installation products,
and 1,283,000-electric meters. The production of electric meters was
36 percent over the first 9 months of 1957. (Vil'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva,
16 Oct 58 )
During the first 9 months of 1958, 11,300 radio receivers were
produced in the Estonian SSR. This is a 23-percent rise over the
corresponding period of 1957. (Tallin, Sovetskaya Estoniya, 15 Oct 58)
Several instrument-making plants are being organized in a number of
partially constructed or vacant buildings in Estonia.
The production of mercury rectifiers is being organized in the shops
of a former locomotive repair plant in Tallin.
A transformer plant to be organized in Yykhvi will be of great importance
for the shale basin. (Moscow, Pravda, 13 Oct 58)
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III. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
it is estimated that is. 1965 more than 9 million radio receivers,
radio-phonographs, and television sets will be produced in the USSR. This
means that by the end of 1965, each family will be able to have either
a radio receiver or a radio-phonograph, and that the entire populace of
urban areas served by television stations will be provided with television
sets.
Several years ago, trade organizations could offer only two types
of USSR-made television sets and only a few types of USSR-made radio re-
ceivers. Now the USSR radio industry makes a wide range of television
sets, radio-phonographs, and radio receivers available for sale.
Not long ago, USSR industry began the production of the Moskva pro-
jection television set, the Kristall radio-phonograph-television-tape-
recorder combine, and several Class I radio receivers and radio-phonographs.
In 1965 USSR radio plants will produce 30-40 different types of radio-
phonographs and radio receivers and about 20 types of television sets.
At least five types of transistorized radio receivers and television sets
are to be produced; color television sets are also to be manufactured.
All radios, radio-phonographs, and television sets will be equipped with
several speakers for stereo sound. (Moscow, Sovetskaya Torgovlya, Feb
59, pp 10-11)
B. Components
Within the next 7 years, the Moscow Electric Bulb Plant will increase
its output 72 percent. It is to master the production of many new vacuum
tubes for the radio industry. In the next few years, it will sharply in-
crease its production of subminiature radio tubes, high-reliability tubes,
large-screen television picture tubes, and color television picture tubes.
A new conveyer for the vacuum processing of television picture tubes
(1) has been installed in the television picture-tube shop. The initial
tests of this line showed it to be capable of processing 60-100 tubes of
different sizes per hour. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 22 Nov 58)
(1) Photo available in source, p 2, left, middle
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The fluorescent lamp laboratory of the Moscow Electric Bulb plant
has developed 125-watt fluorescent lamps. Photoelectron multipliers have
been developed in the plant's photoelectron multiplier laboratory. These
tubes are used for nuclear studies. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 26 Dec
58)
Five automatic lines for the assembly of permanent resistors have
been put into operation at the Voronezh Radio Component Plant. Each line
will save 150,000 rubles per year.
The assembly of variable resistors has been converted to the conveyer
method. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 23 Nov 58)
A new automatic line for zinc-coating large parts has been put into
operation at the Riga VEF Plant. In 1959, four more automatic lines for
zinc-coating small parts, for nickel-plating parts, and for electrically
drying parts after painting will be installed in the painting and electro-
plating shop. The new lines will double the capacity of the shop without
increasing the number of workers. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta, 14 Dec 58)
The (Saransk) Elektrovypryamitel' Plant is producing the series VG
germanium rectifiers. The plant has also developed the types VAGGy9/12-
600, VAGZ-6/12-6.5, VAGZ-12/24-12, and VAGZ-35/80-125 rectifier -units
based on germanium rectifier components.
(Source gives full descriptions of these rectifiers and rectifier
units.) (Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 64)
The Samarkand Kinap Plant is the producer of the 7vss-60, 20BSS-1,
ar.d 26BS-60 stabilized selenium rectifiers. It formerly produced the
BS-65 and BS-60-A selenium rectifiers, which have already been taken out
of production. (Moscow, Kinomekhanik, Feb 59, back cover)
USSR seagoing vessels are currently equipped with unusual radio sta-
tions. Called "Shlyup" (Lifeboat),, these, radio sending and receiving
sets can easily be set up in lifeboats, or even thrown into the water,
which will not damage them.
The Shlyup emergency radio station operates on three frequencies.
Production of these sets has been set up at the Sarapul Plant imeni Ord-
zhonikidze. The Shlyup was displayed at the Brussels World's Fair. (Mos-
cow, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 29 Nov 58)
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he Syurpriz and Sputnik transistor radios have been developed in
Leningrad. They receive stations on the long- and medium-wave bands.
The Sputnik weighs about one kg and has seven transistors. Four
small storage batteries are used to power it, but a solar battery devel-
oped by Moscow scientists can be substituted for these.
The Syurpriz is very much like the Sputnik, except that it has a
more powerful loud-speaker and uses two small dry cells instead of stor-
age batteries. (Riga, Sovetskaya Latviya, 21 Oct 58)
The Fist (PMP-56) five-tube, two-band portable radio receiver can
be supplied by a 110-, 127-, or 220-volt AC circuit, or by a 7.5 AMTsG-22
anode battery and two type 1.6-FMTs-U 3 filament batteries. This set sells
for 330 rubles without batteries.
The Start-2 television set, in either a five-channel or 12-channel
version, with a 290-x-220-mm screen sells for 1,950 rubles. (Moscow, Byul-
letent Roznichnykh .Tsen, No L, Feb 59, 3-1) .
The Riga VEF Plant has developed and produced the Lyuks-2 modernized
radio-phonograph. Work has also been completed on the Model M-l59 radio-
phonograph, which plant workers want to name the "Latviya." In contrast
to the Akkord, it has an FM ultrashort-wave band and a ferrite antenna.
In 1959, the radio laboratory will have finished the development of
the Kristall high-quality console radio-phonograph. Production of this
model is slated to begin in 1960.
The development of a new type of small radio receiver with semicon-
ductors will begin in 1959. It will replace the 'Purist radio receiver.
(Riga, Sovetskaya Latviya, 31 Dec 58)
The Riga Radio Plant imeni Popov has prepared for production of the
Sakta radio-phonograph (2) which has a seven-tube superheterodyne receiver
and a three-speed record player. It is designed for receiving AM broad-
casts in the long-, medium-, and short-wave bands and FM broadcasts in
the ultrashort-wave band. A tape recorder attachment can be used with
this set.
The long-, medium-, and short-wave circuit block utilizes printed
circuits with mounted components; two germanium diodes and one selenium
rectifier are used. The set is designed for highly mechanized production.
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The Sakta has three loud-speakers; its sound pressure is 10 bars.
Sensitivity on the AM bands is 200 microvolts; on the FM band it is 20
microvolts. The set measures 560 x 410 x 275 mm and weighs 17.5 kg. In-
put from the AC circuit for radio reception is 50 watts; for record play-
ing, it is 60 watts. The tentative price of the set is 1,100 rubles.
(Moscow, Novyye Tovary, No 1, 1959, p 4)
(2) Photo available in source, p 4, bottom
Production of the first Dayna radio-phonographs has been started in
Vil'nyus. The Dayna is a seven-tube, five-wave-band set with an electric
record player; it will also accommodate a tape recorder. (Moscow, Moskov-
skaya Pravda, 4 Dec 58)
The:Dayna radio-phonograph (3), which is made in the Lithuanian Sov-
narkhoz, is designed for receiving AM broadcasts in the long-, medium-,
and short-wave bands and FM broadcasts in the ultrashort-wave band. It
has a two-speed record player and utilizes two type 2GD-3 electrodynamic
loud-speakers.
The average sound pressure at the rated output is 8 bars. Sensitivity
is 200 microvolts for AM and 20 microvolts for FM. The set has keyboard
controls, a dual tone control, and seven miniature tubes. Its input from
the AC circuit is 55 watts for radio reception and 75 watts for record play-
ing.
The.Dayna set measures 550 x 380 x 305 mm and weighs 16.6 kg. It
sells for 1,100 rubles. (Moscow, Novyye Tovary, No 1, 1959, p 1)
(3) Photo available in source, p l+, top
A Dayna radio-phonograph with a high-quality polished cabinet made
of fine wood costs 1,150 rubles. The same set with varnished wood cabinet
or a wood cabinet with an imitation fine-wood finish costs 1,050 rubles.
(Moscow, Byzlleten' Roznichnykh Tsen, No 2, Jan 59, p 6)
D. Television
1. Seven-Year Plan Developments
During the Seven-Year Plan, it is expected that 12.5 million
television sets will be produced in the USSR. Thus, by the end of 1965,
15 million television sets will be in use in the country.
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The development of the television network as specified in the
Seven-Year Plan can take place only if a vast amount of scientific re-
search work is done in the field of television. Scientists and engineers,
and workers of institutes, design bureaus, and laboratories are faced
with serious tasks, the most important of which are as follows:
Completion, production, and operation of the entire set of newly
developed compatible color television equipment.
A rise in the qualitative and technical-economic indexes of various
types of television equipment.
Large-scale introduction of semiconductors into television equip-
Over-all solution of the problem of raising the quality of tele-
vision film broadcasts.
Further unification [components and. subassembly standardization]
of all types of television equipment.
. Further development and implementation of methods for taking motion
pictures directly from a television screen.
Completion of the development of magnetic recording of moving
pictures and introduction of this method at television studios.
Large-scale introduction of television equipment in the produc-
tion of films for television and for the film-rental network.
Continuation of work on automation at television studios, centers,
and rebroadcasting stations.
Development of new types of equipment, and improvement of exist-
ing equipment for remote television broadcasting away from studios.
Further improvement and large-scale utilization of television
systems in all branches of the national economy, science, and technology.
(Moscow, Tekhnika Kina i Televideniya, Jan 59) PP 5-6)
2. Broadcasting Equipment
A small television center has been built at the All-Union Scien-
tific Research Institute of Television. A center of this type makes it
possible to transmit studio programs or films. Its equipment is designed
for plugging into intercity cable or radio relay lines to get programs from
large cities, and can be fitted into a room with an area of only 30 sq in.
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On 24 July 1958, the institute began to ship such equipment to
the first small television center in Kherson. (Leningrad, Vecherniy Lenin-
grad, 24 Jul 58)
The All-Onion Scientific Research Institute of Television has
developed experimental models of low-frequency television equipment for
small towns located in the service zones of large television centers.
The equipment makes it possible to receive the broadcasts of nearby tele-
vision centers and to organize local programs with the use of mobile
television unit. (Moscow, Leninskoye Znamya) 5 Nov 58)
Enterprises of the radio engineering industry of Leningradskiy
Sovnarkhoz have finished producing new mobile television stations for
television centers4in Moscow, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk., and Karaganda. These
stations can operate as far as 20 km away from the television center.
The transmitting equipment of the mobile station is installed
in a ZIL-158 bus. This equipment is capable of taking a picture, trans-
mitting the image, and providing audio for the image. The mobile sta-
tion is made for operation with a stationary receiving unit installed at
the television center. (Riga, Sovetskaya Latviya, 13 Nov 58)
3. Industrial Television
Scientific workers of the Kharkov Polytechnic, Institute imeni
V. 1. Lenin have developed a reliable television unit, which enables a
worker at a control panel some distance away to observe the operation of
a machine tool and the condition of the cutting tools. Television cameras
connected by cables to the control panel are installed near the cutting
tools. The received image is transmitted to a screen on the control panel.
Television units of this type have already been installed on very
large machine tools. (Vil'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva, 2 Nov 58)
An industrial television installation based on semiconductors
has been designed and produced in one of the laboratories of the radio
engineering faculty of the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute imeni Kirov: The
camera transmitter tube measures only 48 mm in diameter, and the entire
installation weighs only about 5 kg. (Moscow, Sovetskaya Rossiya,, 3 Jan
59)
Industrially made television equipment does not satisfy all re-
quirements for use at railroad stations. Consequently, the Central Scien-
tific Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways, along with the Design
Bureau of the Main Administration of Signaling and Communications, has
developed the ZhTU-3 railroad television unit (4), which consists of a
camera.(5) on a revolving table with a power supply unit; and a receiver
unit with a control panel, which is installed in the dispatcher's or duty
man's'office.
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The receiving unit is based on the Start television set. The ,
camera can be used outdoors in temperatures ranging from plus 40 to minus
40 degrees centigrade, with artificial heating used for the lower tem-
peratures. It can tolerate a relative humidity of 98 percent.
(Source gives information on the operation of telex sonan rail-
roads.) (Moscow, Vestnik Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel.'skogo Insti-
tuta Zheleznodorozhnogo Transporta, No 1, Feb 59, pp 12--13)
(4) Photo showing the transmitting unit-of the ZhTU-3 available
in source, p 12
(5) Photo showing the transmitting camera with housing removed
available in source, p 13)
4. Television Receivers
The Third All-Union Conference of Workers of Television Enter-
prises of Gosradiotrest [State Radio Trust] of the Ministry of Communica-
tions USSR was held recently in Moscow. It was dedicated to the organi-
zation of servicing of the rapidly rising television receiving network
in the USSR.
A. L. Badalov, chief of the Main Radio Administration of the
Ministry of Communications USSR, spoke on the future development of the
television network at the plenary session of the conference.
Ya. I. Efrussi, chief engineer of a branch of a scientific re-
search institute of the State Committee for Radioelectronics of the Coun-
cil of Ministers USSR, spoke on ways for developing and improving tele-
vision. video.
G. N. Sokolov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, spoke on work
toward the introduction of color television in the USSR.
A. M. Kanayev, manager of the Gosradiotrest, spoke on servicing
the television network. Experience in 1958, showed that standardized sub-
assemblies had sharply improved the operation of television sets.
M. M. Fayn, chief of the Technical Division of Cosradiotrest,
stated that often plants produce television sets that are not completely
finished. The plant making the Avangard-55 is especially guilty of this.
About 72 percent of these sets have to be repaired during the 6-month
plant guarantee period.
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M. M. Fayn also spoke on the design defects of a number of tele-
vision sets, and stated that after modernization, the quality of Rekord-A
and Znamya-58 television sets dropped below that of previous models. He
believed that standardized power-supply blocks should have been in use
long ago. Present-day nonstandardized power supply blocks are very diverse.
(Moscow, Radio, Feb 59, p 15)
For several months, workers of the radio engineering industry
of the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz have been putting the finishing touches
on the design of a new television set, the Zarya. This set is compact
in size, easy to operate, has a large screen, and is the lightest of all
television sets produced. It weighs about 16 kg and uses only half as
much electric power as the KVNJ4.9 television set. The Zarya will cost
1,1400 rubles.
Recently, mass production of the Zarya was begun. In December,
several thousand of these sets will be turned over to the trade network
of Leningrad alone. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 12 Dec 58)
The Leningrad Plant imeni Kozitskiy has mastered the production
of the Znamya-58 television set. The first 100 sets have already come
off the conveyer. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 30 Oct 58)
During the first 9 months of 1958, the Moscow Radio Plant [Order
of Lenin] produced 1,500 above-plan television sets. The plant produces
Temp-3 television sets, which are adjusted in the alignment section of
the assembly shop (6). (Alma-Ata, Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 21 Oct 58)
(6) Photo available in source, p 3, bottom
The Moscow Television Equipment Plant has begun the series pro-
duction of Rubin-102 and Rubin-201 television sets. (Moscow, Moskovskaya
Pravda, 23 Nov 58)
The Voronezh Elektrosignal Plant has begun the series production
of the new Voronezh-1 television set, which has a 35-cm screen (diagonal
length) and the Voronezh-2, which has a 1+3-cm screen (diagonal length).
The new television sets, which have already gone on sale, are
smaller and lighter than the Rekord set. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva,
5 Jan 59 )
The 12-channel Voronezh-1 television set with a 280-x210-mm
screen and an imitation fine-wood cabinet retails for 1,750 rubles. The
same set in a genuine fine-wood finished cabinet retails for 1,850 rubles.
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The 12-channel Voronezh-2 television set with a 360-x-270-mm
screen and an imitation fine-wood cabinet retails for 2,400 rubles. The
same set in a genuine fine-wood cabinet retails for 2,500 rubles.
The 12-channel Rekord television set with a 280-s-210-mm screen
in an imitation fine-wood cabinet retails for 1,750 rubles. The same
set in a genuine fine-wood cabinet sells for 1,850 rubles. '(Moscow, By-
ulleten' Roznichnykh Tsen, No 3, Jan 59, pp 12-13)
The Minsk Radio Plant has produced an experimental consignment
of Belarus'-5 television sets. The new Belarus'-5 is of the same size
and. weight as the Belarus'-1, but its screen has a diagonal length of 360
instead of 270 mm and the set has an automatic gain control.
The Belarus'-5 is a combination set. In addition to a televi-
sion receiver, it has a five-band radio receiver and a universal record
player. (Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya, 28 Dee 58)
The Minsk Radio Plant has manufactured its first ten combination
television sets with 53LK picture tubes. (Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya,
31 Dec 58)
The Krasnoyarsk Television Plant has produced the new Yenisey
television, set, which weighs one third less than its predecessor, the
Avangard, and has a 30-percent greater screen area. Some of the Yenisey's
tubes have been replaced by semiconductors.
The Yenisey is designed for receiving five channels; however, a
design of the same set with 12 channels has already been made. (Moscow,
Sovetskaya Rossiya, 18 Oct 58)
The chief of the bureau of technical control said that the Krasno-
yarsk. Television Plant is beginning the series production of new Yenisey
television sets. (Moscow,, Komwomol'skaya Pravda, 28 Nov 58)
E. Communications Equipment
The Leningrad Scientific. Research Radio Engineering Institute has
produced the Neva and Berezka telephotographic apparatuses for transmit-
ting pictures over telephone lines and radio channels.
The first models of these apparatuses were demonstrated at the Brus-
sels World's Fair, where they were awarded grand prizes. (Moscow, Moskov-
skaya Pravda, 22 Oct 58)
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The Leningrad Krasnaya Zarya Plant has produced its first model of
a new type of city automatic telephone exchange (7). This exchange was
developed by plant engineers in collaboration with the workers of the
Scientific Research Institute of Urban and Rural Telephone Communications.
A special remote signaling system will make it possible to operate the
exchange without utilizing operating personnel on the premises. (Lenin
gradskaya Pravda, 19 Dec 58)
(7) Photo showing equipment for the new exchange undergoing test-
ing available in source, p 2, lower left
A laboratory model of a new type of city automatic telephone exchange
has been produced at the Leningrad Krasnaya Zarya Plant. The new exchange
is simple and durable and provides high-quality connections. A special
remote signaling system makes it unnecessary to have operating personnel.
(Riga, Sovetskaya Latviya, 20 Dec 58)
In 1957, the [Khar'kov] Transsvyaz Plant produced the first series
of the type ST-57 junction repeater unit, which has a transistorized
amplifier.
(source gives additional information on the ST-57.) (Moscow, Avtoma-
tika,, Telemekhanika, i Svyaz', Feb 59, p 10)
During the first quarter of 1959, the Losinoostrovskaya Plant imeni
F. F. Dzerzhinskiy is producing an experimental consignment of portable
telephones that it developed itself.
(Source gives additional information on the development of portable
telephone sets for railroad linemen.) (Moscow, Avtomatika Telemekhanika)
i Svyaz', Feb 59, p 26)
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IV. PRECISION EQUIPMENT
A. Automation and Telemechanical Systems
TYe Central Scientific Research Institute of Over-All Automation,,
which was organized 2 years ago in Moscow, does significant work in the
over-all automation and telemechanization of production processes, and
coordinates the activities of groups of scientific research institutes
and design bureau in this field.
Automation systems for enterprises of various branches of industry
and new automation equipment, instruments, and installation are developed
in the institute's laboratories. Its laboratories also analyze the dynamic
properties of instruments and regulators (8) series-produced by industry.
.The workers of the Laboratory of Automatic Control, under the leader-
ship of Engr Yu. S. Val'denberg, have developed a new computing machine
called a synthesizer (9). This machine is designed for performing complex
computations connected with the development of production sections that
are fully automated.
Institute workers are working on the over-all automation of pro-
duetion processes at a number of industrial enterprises, particularly at
the Stalinogorsk Chemical Combine and the Khar'kovskaya ORES (State
Regional Electric Power Station) -2. (Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya,
13 Nov 58)
(8) Photo showing the testing of pneumatic regulating equipment in
the Laboratory of Dynamics of Industrial Installations available in source,"
p 1, bottom, right
(9) Photo available in source, p 1, bottom, middle
At present, there are no contactless remote control and remote
signaling units based on magnetic components in the USSR. The first
experimental model of such a unit is being installed in the laboratory
of the Leningrad Elektropul't Plant.
According to M. I. Likhnitskly, plant chief designer, these systems
are very reliable and will find widespread use in many branches of the
national economy.
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Recently, the plant's automatics shop assembled its first consignment
of large power totalizers, which will find broad usage in the machinery
'halls of electric power stations and in large boiler rooms. The large
scale, measuring 1.2 x 1.2 meters, enables operating personnel to observe
the operation of the equipment from any part of the hall. The automatics
shop has also produced a power totalizing unit, consisting of 22 instruments,
for the Stalingradskaya GES (Hydroelectric Power Station).
The plant has shipped remote control and telemechanical equipment to
China, and has sent along documents to enable the Chinese to produce their
own. It filled an order for Czechoslovakia at the beginning of November 1958.
(Leningradskaya Pravda, 12 Nov 58)
The Moscow Energopribor Plant and the All-Union Thermal Engineering
Institute imeni F. E. Dzerzhinskiy have designed a contactiess electronid
automatic system. A model of this system produced by the plant received
general approval at the recent conference for the automation of the Moscow
Electric Power System. (Moscow, Promyshienno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta,
12 Nov 58)
Until recently, the VRT-53 (:pow VRT-57) low-channel capacity remote
control units made by the [Leningrad] Elektropul't Plant were used in
planning the telemechanization of electric power substations.
Since 1958, the Lvov Teplokontrol' Plant has manufactured the
simpler and cheaper RST low-channel capacity remote control unit, which
was developed in 1955. (Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 1i6)
The first industrial model of a telemechanical system for the control
of gas wells (10) has been developed and produced at the Institute of
Automatics of Gosplan Ukrainian SSR. By using this system, about 4 million
rubles can be saved per year in a gas field having up to 90 wells. (Vil'nyus,
Sovetskaya Litva, 15 Oct 58)
(10) Photo showing the industrial model of the telemechanical system
undergoing testing in the telemechanics laboratory of the institute
available in source, p 1, bottom
B. Industrial Instrumentation
A contactless electronic level gauge has been developed in the
Institute of Automatics of Gosplan Ukrainian SSR by V. I. Pechuk, Candi-
date of Technical Sciences, and Engr V. A. Lapiy. The operation of the
new compact instrument is based on the utilization of high-frequency
currents, which are produced by a miniature generator.
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This gauge makes it possible to control the levels of liquids and
powdered, granulated, and other bulk solids in vessels without submerging
the instrument transmitter in the substances. The transmitter is mounted
outside the vessel, which can have a wall thickness of up to 20 mm.
The main advantage of the new instrument is its applicability for
automatic level control or apportioning purposes with acids, explosives,
or ocher aggressive substances in closed vessels at any pressure or
temperature within these vessels. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta, 5 Oct 58)
The Tbilisi Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Making and
Automation Equipment is developing a machine for regulating the position
of the electrodes in ferroalloy are furnaces. (Moscow, Promyshlennom
Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 17 Oct 58)
The Central Laboratory for Automatics of the Ministry of Construction
'SSFSR has developed and produced its first consignment of electronic pH
meters (11), which are designed to measure the acidity of various industrial
solutions. The use of these meters will make possible the automation of
a number of processes in the metallurgical, chemical, food, and pharma-
ceutical industries. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 20 Dec 58)
(11) Photo showing pH meters being adjusted available in source,
p 2, middle, right
High-speed photoelectric pyrometers (12) have been designed and built
in the Central Laboratory for Automatics of the Ministry of Construction
RSFSR. These pyrometers are designed for installation at the Bhilai Steel
Mill in India, for determining the temperature of metal undergoing rolling.
(Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 12 Dec 58)
(12) Photo showing a photoelectric pyrometer undergoing adjustment
available in source, p 2, top, right
Electronic instruments made by the Leningrad Lenteplopribor Plant
have drawn the attention of many visitors to the Brussels World's Fair.
These instruments are used for measuring industrial thermal processes in
the metallurgical, chemical, power-engineering, and other industries.
Electronic automatic chart-recording and thermal control instruments
made by the plant are also used by scientific research organizations. They
can be encountered on the Severnyy Polyus drift stations and in the'
Antarctic.
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In 1958, the plant began the production of new high-frequency equipment,
including electronic instruments for measuring the relative humidity of air,
gas, and gaseous mixtures, and instruments for measuring the concentration
of hydrogen ions in water compounds.
The plant has produced top-quality equipment for the atomic icebreaker
Lenin. In October 1958, it shipped large consignments of electronic instru-
ments to Stalingrad, Kazan', Kiev, and other cities.
The plant has just.finished a large consignment of electronic instru-
ments which will be sent to the Bhilai Steel Mill and the Bombay Textile
Institute in India. These instruments were made in specially adapted
tropical versions.
in 1958, the plant is to supply 433 instruments to practically all
the metallurgical enterprises and electric power stations under construction
In China. In October the plant shipped its last 27 instruments to China.
Many electronic instruments made by the Leningrad plant are used by
the industry of Poland, especially by its chemical enterprises. For
instance, the plant has produced several electronic potentiometers and
bridges for the chemical plant in Oswiecim. It has already shipped 79
of the 88 instruments it is to produce for Poland during 1958.
In October, the plant will fill the 1958 orders for instruments to
be sent to Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, and the Democratic
People's Republic of Korea. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 9 Oct 58)
An All-Union Mobile Industrial Exhibit will soon open in Moscow,
where products of the leading branches of USSR industry will be on display.
Among the plants preparing displays for this exhibit is the Leningrad
Lenteplopribor Plant, which has already made a potentiometer and en automatic
measuring bridge. These high-precision electronic instruments ara for
measuring and regulating various thermal power processes, and are used
extensively at electric power stations and in the metallurgical, chemical,
machine building, and other branches of industry.
Yesterday, the plant manufactured another instrument for measuring
low currents in laboratory work. This instrument will also be put on
display.
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During the past year, large consignments of electronic instruments
were shipped to many foreign countries. During the next 2 months, the
plant will ship hundreds of thermal power engineering instruments to
enterprises and scientific research establishments throughout the country,
in considerably larger quantities than during the same period, of 1958.
Orders for 206 electronic potentiometers, measuring bridges, etc. have been
received from foreign countries. (Leniugradskaya Pravda, 3 Jan 59)
The Tallin Control and Measuring Instrument Plant is getting ready
to produce a contactless weight-measuring instrument, which will use
radioactive isotopes to determine the weight of a moving band; this,
in turn, will make it possible to determine its thickness. Since 1957,
the plant has begun the production of seven new types of instruments.
By the end of the Sever.-Year Plan, the plant will convert entirely to the
production of instruments for the automatic control of production processes,
and its capacity will be doubled. (Moscow, Promyshlenno_Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta, 14 Dee 58)
A radioactivity counter has successfully undergone tests at the
Khar?kov Control and Measuring Instrument Plant. In contrast to photocells,
the new instrument may be used in places where the application of light
is impracticable. (Moscow, Izvestiya, 23 Dec 58).
The Moscow Experimental Testing Machine and Scales Plant produces
complex and highly precise equipment. In 1958, the plant produced 16
types of new mechanisms and instruments. On 16 October 1958 it finished
assembling the first consignment of high-power automatic.apportioning
devices for the metallurgical industry. Recently, the plant mastered the
production of apportioning devices which measure 12-100 tons of carbon
mixtures.
The plant has produced two complex instruments for testing plastics,
on order for the chemical industry. These instruments are used to determine
the effect of high temperatures on plastic products. (Moscow, Vechernyaya
Moskva, 16 Oct 58)
The Dnepropetrovsk Selenium Rectifier Plant has begun the production
of the ARS-3 automatic X-ray separator, which was designed by DongiproUg-
lemash [Donets State Planning, Design, and Experimental Institute for the
Over-All Mechanization of Mines] for mechanizing all labor-consuming
processes involved in removing rock from high-grade coal. (Moscow, Promy-
shlenno..Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 26 Nov 58)
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Test aratus
A unit for measuring the magnetic properties of steel intended for
the electrical engineering industry has been installed in the Verkh-Isetsk
Metallurgical Plant. This unit determines the quality of metal with greater
precision than foreign models. About 600 tons of high-quality steel is
saved per year because of the speed of the measuring process. (Moscow,
Promyshlenno-Ekoiadmicheskaya Gazeta, 28 Nov 58)
The Kharkov Electrical Machinery Plant has manufactured and tested
a spectrograph for determining the chemical composition of various metals
and alloys by an X-ray method. Only a few milligrams of the substance
are needed for making an analysis. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya
Gaeta, 28 Nov 58)
The Riga REZ Electrical Machine Brilding Plant has designed a new
cathode-ray tube instrument for determining types of steel and checking
the quality of the tempering of steel parts. It can be used extensively
in machine building plants. (Moscow, Leninskoye Znamya, 2!i Dec 58)
In 1958, the Leningrad Tool Plant mastered the production )f more
than ten new measuring instruments and automatic devices, including an
"s;,ptikator" [optical indicator?], which can measure thickness of articles
with a precision of tenths of a micron. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomiche-
skaya Gazeta, 12 Nov 58)
The Tallin Control and Measuring Instruments Plant has started pro-
duction of a new type of product, stands for checking the ignition systems
of motor vehicles. (Tallin, Sovetskaya Estoniya, 23 Dec 58)
The Tartu Instrument Making Plant has produced sets of improved
garage equipment., which will be shipped to various People's Republics.
Test stands for checking the ignition systems of internal combustion
engines, and other instrument will be shipped to the Mongolian People's
Republic, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, and the People's Republic
of Bulgaria. (Tallin, Sovetskaya Estoniya, 27 Dec 58)
D. Electrical Instruments
Recently a conference on expanding the USSR production of electrical
measuring instruments was convened by Gosplan USSR in the Vyborg House of
Culture. Representatives of plants in more than 20 cities, scientific
research institutes, and planning institutes participated in this confer-.
ence .
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The 250 types of electrical measuring instruments series-produced in
the USSR do not meet the ever-growing requirements of the national economy.
The main task of the electrical instrument making industry during the
Seven Year Plan is to expand its products-list, to develop new instruments,
and to modernize existing instruments. This can be achieved with the products
specialization of plants and over-all automation and mechanization of pro-
d uctiun .
Speakers at the conference included Prof N. N. Razumovskiy, Doctor of
T ecb:.ical Sciences; Engr G. I. Kavalerov; Prof A. D. ,Nesterenko, Corre-
sponding Member of the Academy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR; and V. G. Logashev,
Candidate of Technical Sciences.
Participants at the conference approved a resolution according to
which it is planned to master the production of 860 types of electrical
measuring instruments in the USSR. An over-all plan for products special-
.nation at plants subordinate to various sovnarkhozes, for expansion of
information exchange, and for other measures was also adopted at the
conference. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 21 Dec 58)
The All-Union Electrical Engineering Institute imeni Lenin has
developed new types of oscillographs: the 12-XM-6 12-beam cathode
oscillograph with mechanical scanning, and the 3K?-20 three-beam oscillograph
(13) with electrical scanning.
The 12 KN-6 is designed for registering processes in various switch-
ing operations in laboratories or in electrical installations.
The type 3K7-.20 is designed for the simultaneous registry. of three
processes up to 10-7 seconds in duration.
(Source gives specifications of these two oscillographs.) (Moscow,
Vestaik Elektropromyshlennosti, Jan 59, p 71)
(13) Photo available in source, p 71
On 19 December 1958, the Kishinev Electrical Measuring Instrument
Plant produced its first oscillograph, which is designed for recording
variable electrical quantities and mechanical, physical, chemical, and
other processes converted into electrical quantities. The plant has
a machine shop, a tool shop, an electroplating shop, and an assembly
shop, which is the largest in the plant.
The plant will supply electrical measuring instruments for scientific
research institutes and for other needs of the USSR national economy.
1. Kh. Broder is its chief designer. (Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya,
21 Dec 58)
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During the Seven-Year Plan, the output of the Yerevan Elektrotochpribor
Plant will be increased sharply. The plant now produces hundreds of thousands
of instruments per year. Soon it will begin the production of type T590
high-voltage snap-around amprobes, type M93 extension-rod mounted instruments
with internal frame magnets, and M94 core-mounted instruments. The plant
also produces the type M24 instrument. (Moscow, Promyshlenno Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta,, 28 Dec 58)
in 1956, the Krasnodar ZIP Electrical Engineering Plant mastered the
production of improved type D.35) electrodynamic DC current meters, which
were designed specifically for electric railroad rolling stock. These
meters were rated for a current of about 750 amperes. Despite the
unfavorable working conditions of these meters, most of them have reading
errors not greater than plus or minus 3 percent.
At present, the -production of meters for electric rolling stock
has been assigned to the Leningrad Electrical Machinery Plant. It is
hoped that, Gosplan USSR and the Leningradskiy Sovnarkhoz have taken
decisive measures toward improving the quality of the meters and organizing
their mass production. (Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 21)
The Zhitomir Elektroizmeritel' Electrical Measuring Instrument
Plant (Zhitomirskiy zavod elektroizmeritel'nykh priborov "Elektroizmeritel'"),
which recently went into operation, is producing the type N5 push-button
switches and the type Ts20 voltammeters.
The single-button switches, which measure 28 x 22,x 26 mm and weigh.
12 grams, are designed for AC circuits up to 220 volts, 2.5 amp.
The type Ts20 voltammeter is a multirange portable rectifier instru-
ment for measuring 0-300 microamperes DC, 0-750 milliamperes DC, 0-1.5.600
volts DC, 1.5-7.5 volts AC, 120-600 volts AC, 5-500 ohms DC, and 5-500
kiloohms DC. The instrument measures 208 x 118 x 75 mm and weighs 1.6
kg. (Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, pp 54-55)
The Uma ' Megommetr Electrical Measuring Instrument Plant (Umanskiy
zavod elektroizmeritel'nykh priborov "Megommetr"), which recently went into
operation, is producing the types UTT-5, UTT-6, and 1-54 instrument
transformers. It is expected to begin the production of type M1101
megohmmeters by the end of 1958. (Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika,
Jan 59, p 54)
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Ordinary 5-amp electric meters installed in Moskovskaya Oblast often
have to carry a load of 7-10 amp. The Moscow Oblast Sovnarkhoz, the Moscow
City Sovnarkhoz, and the Scientific Research Institute of the Electrical
Engineering Industry are supposed to organize the production of household
meters with capacities 300-400 percent of those of currently used types.
The Mytishchi Electric Meter Plant has developed three-phase direct-
coupling electric meters with capacities up to 50 amp, which are badly
needed by industry. However, the Leningrad [Electrical Machinery] Plant,
which is supposed to series-produce these meters, is not starting their
production on time. (Moscow, Leninskoye Znamya, 30 Dec 58)
The Mytishchi Electric Meter Plant, in conformity with its, 1958
plan for new technology, has designed the new type S0-0M single-phase
electric meter, which is an active"power instrument utilizing an induction
system.with a rated frequency of 50 cycles per second, and is connected
directly into the circuit.
These meters are designed for permanent installation indoors where
atmospheric relative humidity does not exceed 80 percent and no aggressive
vapors or gases are present.
The Mytishchi plant expects to put the SO-OM into mass. production i1n1959, in
dace of the currently -produced type SO-2 meter. The new meter measures
151 x 110 x 101 mm without front housing and weigh one kg with housing.
The meter mechanism should operate at least 4,500:hours at,an average
load, or at least 1,500 hours at a peak load.
(Source gives comparative specifications of the SO-OM and 50-2 meters).
(Moscow, lromyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 59)
In 1958, the Mytishchi Electric Meter Plant developed the specifications
and design of a new prototype single-prase multiscale meter, the SOMP-1.
The SOMP-1 is supposed to conform to precision class .5 and must be
suitable for checking single- and three-phase active power meters of
classes 2.0 and 2.5.
The specifications for this prototype meter were coordinated on
25 December 1958 with the State Inspectorate for Industrial Power and
Power Supervision.
(Source gives considerable information on the new meter.) (Moscow,
Promyshlennaya Energetika, Mar 59, pp 58-59)
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With the replanning of its assembly section completed, the Moscow
Elektroschetchik Plant now assembles electric meters on conveyers. The
plant has a semiautomatic line or adjusting meters (i4).
Yakov Al.ekseyevich Boyarskiy is the plant director. (Moscow, Moskov-
skaya Pravda, 24 Oct 58)
(i1.). Photo available in source, p 1, top
The Moscow Elektroschetchik Plant has an automatic meter-checking
machine (15), which can check 1,300 meters in 8 hours. (Moscow, Prom,y-
shlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 26 Oct 58)
(15) Photo available in source, P 3, top
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E. Geophysical Instruments
The Experimental Production Division of the Institute of Physics,
Academy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR, has begun the series production of
high-precision bolonieters, which are designed for detecting very slight
temperature changes.
Invisible heat waves penetrating a special window in the instrument
are reflected from a spherical mirror and fall on a minute highly sensitive
sericonductor element, which is a little over one sq mm in area and. 7
microns in thickness. The bolometer is very simple and. can operate with-
out an amplifier. (Vi1'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva, 2 Nov 58)
The Leningrad Gidrometpribor Plant, which resembles a large labora-
tory, produces much equipment for weather stations, expeditions, various
branches of industry, agriculture, airports, and. fishing ports.
The plant has a glass-blowing shop, where workers are dressed in
white and all precautions for cleanliness are taken. The plant produces
deep-water thermometers and thermal depth gauges. These instruments will
accurately measure water temperature 5,000-10,000 meters in depth.
One of the plant's latest products is the wave recorder (volnograf),
which is used for measuring the height and periods of waves.. Tests of
this instrument in the North Atlantic have shown it to be very valuable.
Recently, the plant finished the development of a remote-controlled
rreteozalogical station, which is designed for the fourth full Antarctic
expedition. It can determine atmospheric temperatures to minus 90 degrees,
wind. speed. up to 60 meters per second, wind direction, and atmospheric
humidity. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 25 Nov 58)
Thermometers and mercury barometers are assembled at the Leningrad.
Gidrometpribor Plant. (Moscow, Komsomol`skaya Pravda, 30 Nov 58)
The Moscow Neftepribor Plant is producing a 24-channel seismic sta-
tion, the SS-24?, and is installing a 60-channel SS-30/6o seismic station
on a GAZ-51 truck chassis.
These stations are used on a wide scale for locating oil and other
minerals.
In 1958, the plant has already produced 62 SS-24 stations and. 80
SS-30/6o stations. (Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 25 Nov 58)
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F. Medical E.ui ment
The Leningrad Electromedical Equipment Plant is the producer of the
AV-l. vertical autoclave for sterilizing materials and instruments. In
1958, the plant began the series production of this equipment. On 13 ()c-
tober 1958, it produced 150 AV-1 autoclaves. It is getting ready to
sexieg-produce atoclaves for the drug supply network.
In the near future, curative institutions will receive from the
plar..t so-called "bidistillers," equipment for the double distillation of
water used. for intravenous injections; and also. sterilization and distil-
lation units for large operating rooms. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 14 Oct 58)
[Comment: This appears to be a new plant.]
I. T. Akulinichev, a physician at the "Arkhangel'skoye" Sanitarium
in the Moscow suburbs, has developed. an electronic oscilloscope for
simultaneously registering three separate heart functions on a single
cathode-ray tube. The Moscow Electrical Medical Equipment Plant is get-
ting ready to produce the first experimental models of this instrument.
(Moscow, Leninskoye Znamya, 2 Nov 58)
The Frunze Physical Instrument Plant manufactured its first products,
centrifuges for medical laboratories, in April 1958.
The plant had to make some of its own machinery and machine tools,
which were in short supply. Almost all the equipment of the electroplat-
ing section was made by plant workers.
The plant was recently informed that its centrifuges would be exhib-
ited. at 20 international expositions and fairs. .
This it the first plant in the USSR to produce an electronic level
indicator. It has also begun the production of a complex electrophoresis
apparatus, which is used for analyzing complex albumin compounds. This
apparatus has been in production for only 2 months.
Preparations are being made to produce a new level gauge.
The Physical Instrument Plant is still under construction. During
the Seven-Year Plan, its output will be quintupled.. (Frunze, Sovetskaya
Kirgiziya, -6 Nov 58)
The Moscow [EMA] Electrical Medical Equipment Plant is preparing to
manufacture a consignment of new model ASM-3 apparatuses for therapeutic
electrogymnastics. The apparatus can also be used for electrodiagnoses
of the location and character of diseases of the motor nerves and muscles.
(Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 2 Dec 58)
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G. Computers
Machines installed in the Laboratory of Electromodeling of the Moscow
State University include the EI-12 electrical integrator. This machine
solved 200-250 complex equations in determining sea currents.
. Another machine, the IPT-5, is used at present for solving differen-
tial equations of the eighth order. Much success has been attained. in
using the small MN-7 electronic analog computer, which despite its small
size can solve rather complex equations,. such as calculating installations
for electronic telegraphic apparatuses based on ferrites.
Recently the laboratory computed printed. circuits which will be used
for making modern radio and television sets. Computations on the operating
conditions of master television receiving antennas were made for the Moscow
Television Branch Laboratory. -- Valentina Afanas'yevna. Yevtushenko, Chief,
Laboratory of Electro-modeling (Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 22 Nov 58)
The laboratory of high-voltage techniques of the Leningrad Polytechnic
Institute imeni M. I. Kalinin has developed. an instrument to analyze the
degree to which a substation is protected. from lightning. This instrument
is actually an electrical analog computer, which can be used for studying
transient processes during overvoltages caused by lightning in the complex
circuits of substations. This computer makes it easier to design and.
operate an electric power system and affords new vistas for research work.
(Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 23 Nov 58)
The Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Computer Machine Building
has developed and produced a model of an electronic harmonic analyzer
(16). It can be used in mechanics, hydrodynamics, and aerodynamics, optics,
acoustics, meteorology, astronomy, and. geophysics. .(Moscow, Moskovskaya
Pravda, 11 Dec 58)
(16) Photo available in source, p 1' upper right
The Scientific Research Institute of Mathematical Machines was organ-
ized in Yerevan in the summer of 1956. It is to develop modern computing
equipment especially high-speed electronic computers. The institute is
staffed principally by graduates of Yerevan State University, the polytech-
nic institute, and other vuzes (higher educational institutions) and tek
hnikums of the republic.
The institute has set up and will soon put into use the new Yerevan
universal computer. In the next few months, the complex adjustment Of
the Aragats high-production high-speed computer will be completed. The
Razdan electronic computer will be ready for use in 1959. These new
universal computers are designed for scientific institutes, design bureaus,
and large enterprises.
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Research has begun in order to develop design components and circuits
which will increase the speed of computers to several hundred thousand
operations per second. In addition, the institute is engaged with problems
directly concerned with the economy of the republic. This would include
the group of control machines for the Sevano-Razdan cascade of hydroelec-
tric power stations and, a machine for controlling the electrolysis'proc-
esses at the Kanaz Plant (being done in conjunction with the Scientific
Research Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Yerevan Electrical
Machine Building Plant) .
Last year, a computer center was established in Yerevan for develop-
ing mathematical methods and for operating computers. -- S. Mergelyan,
Academician of Academy of Sciences Armenian SSR (Yerevan, Kommunist,
31. Dec 58)
The Penza Computing and Analyzing Machine Plant has successfully
filled an order for the production of a large number of relay-operated
machines .for the high-speed processing of tdata from the All-Union Census.
(Moscow, Izvestiya, 14 Nov 58)
The Kursk Computing Machine Plant has-manufactured. the VMM-2 auto-
matic multikey calculating machine, which operates with nine-digit num-
bers. It does 600 operations per hour when operating with five-digit
numbers. (Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 2 Dec 58)
The Kursk Computing Machine Plant has a new high-precision machinery
shop (17). (Leningradskaya Pravda, 7 Jan 59)
(17) Photo available in source, p 1, bottom, left
H. Plant and Institute Information
The Tallin Punane RET Plant produces electrical and, radio measuring
instruments, which are used on a large scale in various USSR enterprises
for automation and mechanization purposes.
By 1965, the plant will more than double;:its gross output and. will
more than triple its output of radio and electrical measuring instruments.
(Moscow, Partiynaya Zhizn1, Jan 59, p 45)
At present, the Riga Etalon Experimental Plant is finishing the assem-
bly of the main unit (18) of a high-speed electronic. machine for the Insti-
tute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences Latvian SSR. It is also finish-
ing assembly work on an automatic machine for grinding semiconductor plates,
which was ordered by the Design and Technological Bureau of the Latvian
Sovnarkhoz.
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Lately, the plant has been preparing for the production of manometric
vacuum meters for calibrating pressure and vacuum. testing instruments.
Until recently, calibration laboratories used mercury vacuum meters, which
sometimes led to mercury poisoning. The new instrument is completely safe.
The plant will produce the first 100 instruments of this type in 1959?
The plant is also preparing for the production of a new contact in-
strument for angle gauges, class-1 and class-2 load-piston manometers
(gruzoporshnevyye manometry), and other instruments. (Riga, Sovetskaya
Latviya, 3 Jan 59)
(18) Photo showing a main unit for a "magnetic memory" machine
available in source, p 2, bottom, right-
The [Moscow] Kalibr Plant plans to install 20 automatic lines and 12
production lines.
During 1959-1965, it will series-produce more than 80 new types of
tools, instruments, and automatics, including automatics based, on the
latest electronic principles of measuring. They will sort parts accurately
to tenths of a micron. (Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 24 Dee 58)
The Leningrad Soyuz Plant produces fountain pens, drawing equipment,
and d.raftman's tools. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 28 Dec 58)
The personnel office of the Moscow Fizelektropribor Plant No 4 [ zavod.
No 4 "Fizelektropribor"] is located at Elektrozavodskaya ulitsa 33, Moscow.
(Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 30 Oct 58)
ViVIITIpribor (All-Union Scientific Research Technological Institute
for Instrument Making) of Glavniiproyekt [Main Administration of Scientific
Research and Planning Institutes] of Gosplan USSR is opening competitive
examinations for new and vacant positions. Applications should be made
to the director of the institute at Kholodil?nyy Pereulok 1, Moscow V-26.
- Advertisement
(Source gives details of the available positions.) (Moscow, Vech-
ernyaya Moskva, 16 Oret 58)
I. Motion-Picture and Photorahic Apparatus
For the first time in the history of world cinematography, specialists
of Leningrad. have developed a motion-picture projector with optical image
equalization for color television broadcasting.
At present, all USSR television centers use motion-picture projectors
with momentary (pulse) lighting of the projected frame. Such projectors
make it difficult to transmit color films over television.
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The new projector was developed under the leadership of A. N. Tarasov,
a designer. Three projectors have already been produced for the first
USSR color television center, which is under construction in Moscow.
(Moscow, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 15 Oct 58)
A group of Leningrad specialists headed by Engr A. N. Tarasov have
developed a motion-picture projector for color television. The group had
to replace the pulsating movement of ordinary film projectors with a
steady movement by means of using a special compensator. As a result,
there is no flicker on the television screen when this projector is used.
The steady movement reduces wear and tear on costly color films.
The new projector is destined for color television centers of Moscow
and Leningrad. It can also be used as a model for designing new improved
1:,1ack-and-white projectors. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 18 Oct 58)
The Scientific Research Motion-Picture Photography Institute and the
Kiev Kinodetal' Plant developed the KPP-2 apparatus for the projection of
panoramic films in 1956.
(Source gives detailed. description of the KPP-2 projector.) (Moscow,
Tekhnika Kino i Televideniya, Feb 59, p 16)
The Leningrad Lenkihap Plant is getting ready for the production of
new high-quality loud-speakers for medium and large motion-picture theaters,
microphones, magnetic sound heads, universal transistorized sound repro-
duction equipment, magnetic sound recording apparatus built according to
the functional block system, 2-kw generating units with voltage stabiliz-
ers, and other equipment.
In addition, the plant is developing a new Soviet system of recording
moving images on magnetic tape.
At present, the Lenkinap Plant is producing stereophonic sound repro-
duction equipment for wide-screen and panoramic theaters; stationary and.
mobile types KUSU-52 and KUUP-56 amplifier units for wide and narrow film
projectors; mobile generating units; and all types of projection lenses
and other optical equipment for motion-picture apparatus.
All this work is being conducted in collaboration with the Scientific
Research Motion-Picture Photography Institute, the Leningrad. Institute ar
Motion-Picture Engineers, the Central Design Bureau of the Ministry of
77_ ;7.;?re UESP, and the movie studios of the USSR.
The plant is to be aided by the Central Design Bureau of the Ministry
of Culture, which is designing various lenses, developing machines, dupli-
cating equipment, recording and transcription equipment, and other appe-
ratus.
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In the near future, the plant will substitute new materials such as
capron for nonferrous metals and textolite. It will use a new type of
paint for finishing equipment, and will utilize "getinaks" [a laminated.
plastic] foil for making printed circuits.
Much of the Lenkinap's work is devoted to preparations for tran-
sistorizing its amplifier equipment. During the first half of 1959, the
plant will begin the production of the type 7U-17 preliminary amplifier,
which will be made in the form of an attachment to the widely-used 90U-2
amplifier.
In 1959-1960, the plant will convert fully to the production of new
transistorized sound reproduction equipment for mobile motion-picture
units. _- S. Kuznetsov, Director, Lenkinap Plant (Moscow, Kinomekhanik,
Jan 59, p 41)
0. I. Ioshin is chief designer of the Leningrad Kinap Plant. (Len
ingradskaya Pravda, 25 Oct 58)
R. M. Kasherininov is chief engineer of the Leningrad Lenkinap Plant.
V. K. Karpov is director of the Samarkand Kinap Plant. (Moscow,
Tekhnika,Kino i Televideniya, Jan 59,.P 95)
The Minsk Kinodetal' Plant was organized. at the end. of 1951 on the
basis of former motion-picture repair shops. At first, the plant pro-
duced spare parts, about 5,000-6,000 per month. In 11 months of 1958,
it produced 225,000 various snare parts of more than 40 type-designations. S. Geller, Director, Minsk Kinodetal' Plant (Moscow, Kinomekhanik,
Feb 59, pp 41-42)
The Odessa Kinap Plant has produced its first consignment of the model
35-.OM-2 machines for the production of color movie films by the hydrotype
mete ipd. Color copies are obtained by the sequential application of analine
dyes of the three basic colors, purple, blue, and yellow, on a black-and.-
white film.
The first hydrotype machines are being sent to film copying factories
in Moscow, Leningrad, and Kazan'. (Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 9 Ott 58)
Between 1946 and October 1958, the Odessa Kinap Plant produced 120,765
motion-picture installations and 45,605,000 rubles' worth of spare parts.
This plant, which was founded in 1924, is now producing the narrow-film
Ukraina projector, the wide-film. Odessa projector, screens, gluing presses
for 35- and 16-mm film, inspection sets, mobile radio and. motion-picture
units, and microfilm machines..
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Besides ttiis, the plant produces movie studio equipment, film-manu-
facturing equipment, and. equipment for television studios.
The Odessa plant's production is being hampered because the Leningrad.
Lenkinap Plant and the Samarkand Kinap Plant refuse to supply any more
optical equipment, power equipment, and other products they once supplied
through interplant cooperation. For example, the Odessa plant is unable
to put the KPS-16-1 narrow film projector into production, although it
was scheduled to do so in 1958. -- A Perminov, Director, Odessa Kinap
Plant (Moscow, Kinomekhanik, Jan 59, p 42)
Soviet industry has developed and started. production of new 8-mm
motion-picture apparatus, including the Kama camera and the 8P-1 projector.
The Kama is designed. for magazine loading of single 8-mm film and thus
differs from cameras of previous design, such as the AK-8 and "Admira"
cameras, which use double 8-mm film on reels.
(Source contains further information and illustrations of the Kama
camera and the 8P-1 projector.) (Moscow, Sovetskoye Foto, Feb 59, pp 49-50)
The Krasnogorsk Machinery Plant produces the Zorkiy-4 camera. (Moscow,
Leninskoye Znamya, 28 Oct 58)
Grand Prizes were awarded at the Brussels World's Fair to the State
Optical Institute, which designed and produced a series of high-precision
interference instruments. A Certificate of Honor was awarded to the
Leningrad GOMZ Machinery Plant [Leningradskiy mekhanicheskiy zovod. "GOMZ"]
for its optical measuring instruments. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya
Gazeta, 19 Oct 58)
The Moscow Electric Bulb Plant has begun the mass production of the
LUCK-57 electronic photographic flash lamp. The new lamp has a unit for
adjusting the light power and is adaptable for use with two reflectors.
(Moscow, Trud, 20 Nov 58)
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V. E.LECTRICAL PRODUCTS
A. Wire and Cable
The new Podo1'sk Mikroprovod Plant makes wires so fine, from one
fou:rth to one third the size of a human hair, that they cannot be seen
by the naked eye. These wires are made of manganin, nichrome, iron-free
copper, platinum, or silver, and are covered with a very thin layer of
glass or enamel insulation. They are in very great demand for making
coni auterb, electronic devices, miniature radio components, and various
coils for high-precision measuring instruments. (Vil'nyus, Sovetskaya
Li-t ;ra, 26 Oct 58 )
The rapid growth of machine building, especially, of precision in-
strument making and electronic automatic-11bartelemechanica,1 equipment manu-
facture, requires that US&R industry produce enameled wire of fine and
extrafine gauges and wire made of resistance alloys (nichrome, maganin,
and constantan) insulated with high-durability varnishes. For this reason,
the specialized Podol'sk Mikroprovod Plant was founded after the 20th
Congress of the CPSU. This plant produces enameled wire less than one
mm in gauge, ranging mainly from 4 microns to .1 stun.
The Mikroprovod Plant has developed a number of completely new in-
dustrial processes. It worked Jointly with a scientific research insti-
tute to pioneer in the utilization of polyester varnish, which protects
enameled wire from the effects of high temperatures.
To effect a sharp increase in the production of new types of wire,
plant workers, in collaboration with scientists, developed a number of
models of modern automatic equipment, including a new horizontal eight-
wire enameling machine with semiautomatic regulation of the varnish
level and with an instrument for checking the quality of the wire.
In 1957, the plant produced double the amount of enameled wire pro-
duced in 1.956. In 1958, it will increase the output of this wire 70
percent above that of 1957, whereby the production of the finest gauge
wire will increase from fivefold to tenfold.
During the Seven-Year Plan, the plant will mechanize and automate
labor-consuming processes and will improve production organization and
method.. Thus it will be able to more than double its output of enameled
wire in existing production space, and if the addition of new buildings
is taken into account, its production will increase tenfold.
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However, the plant is uneasy about the serious disproportion exist-
ing in the planned production of wire, and of varnishes for it, especially
heat-resistant and high-durability varnishes. Plant workers have to
battle for each liter or two of polyester varnish they obtain from the
AlliUnion Power Engineering Institute, where such varnishes are produced
in a primitive fashion and in extremely small quantities.
The former Ministry of Chemical Industry, now the State Committee,
for Chemistry of the Council of Ministers USSR, and Gosplan USSR and Gos-
plar RSFSR have been studying the problem of developing the industrial
production of these varnishes for 2 years, but the matter remains dead-
locked. There is not enough regular V-L-7 varnish, which has been in
production for a long time. The Kuskovo Chemical Plant, which produces
resins for this varnish, meets only about one fifth of the needs of the
Mikroprovod Plant.
We are of the opinion that a special paragraph about the development
of the production of high-quality varnishes, which are urgently needed
by the cable industry, should be included in the preliminary figures for
the Seven"Year Plan. The successful fulfillment of the party's goals in
instrument making and other fields depends greatly on the fulfillment of
this point.
Another drawback in the development of the production of enameled
wire is that the production of air-conditioning units for shops has not
yet been organized. The production of microwire requires a uniform
atmospheric temperature., humidity, and pressure; moreover, the atmosphere
must be clean. However, the Mikroprovod Plant is unable to make such
units itself. There are no engineering plans for air-conditioning units
in the production shops. Many planning institutes and bureaus are work-
ing on this problem, but none of these feel they are responsible for see-
ing it through.
It is about time that a large planning and research organization for
designing and utilizing air conditioners is organized in the USSR, and
that special plants are selected to produce them. This is necessary not
only for enameled wire production, but also for many branches of industry.
At present, each cable plant tries to organize its own production
of diamond draw dies, which entails high expenditures of state funds.
The centralized production of diamond draw dies must be organized with-
out delay, since diamonds are plentiful in the USSR.
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Preliminary Seven-Year Plan figures should include organizing the
production of equipment for extrafine wire drawing. So far, we have had
to use equipment imported from abroad, which does not satisfy the growing
needs of the cable industry either quantitatively or qualitatively.
The Mikroprovod Plant hopes that the requirements for the production
of extrafine wire will be taken into account in the great plans formulated
by the party for the next 7 years. -- A. Bykov, Director, Podol'sk Mik-
roprovod Plant (Moscow, Leninskoye Znamya, 27 Nov 58)
Recently, the new Bendery Moldavkabel' Plant shipped its first four
freight car loads of products to new construction projects in Kiev, Pol-
tava, Dnepropetrovsk, and Kherson. The plant is now producing a regular
consignment of cable, which will be used in the construction of new high-
volta;e main transmission lines. (Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldavia, 23 Oct
8)
[Comment: It is interesting that the first products of this new plant
were not designated for supplying the needs of the Moldavian SSR.]
The recently organized Bendery Cable Plant has already produced'hund-
reds of tons of products (19). (Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 13 Nov 58)
(19) Photo showing the interior of a'plant shop available in source,
p 1, bottom
The Bendery Moldavkabelt Plant is undergoing expansion; modern equip-
ment is being installed there. During the first quarter of 1959, the plant
will produce its first kilograms of bare copper wire. During 1959, it
will also begin the production of rubber-covered wire. Preparations are
being made for the production of enameled wire in the near future, and
plastic wire will also be produced. Such wire will be used for mechanisms
operating under water. A great quantity of telephone cable will also be
produced.
The plant will begin operating at full capacity in 1965. (Kishinev,,
Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 26 Nov 58)
The aluminium shop of the Bendery Moldavkabel' Plant has pledged to
produce 500 tons of aluminum cable before the opening of the 21st Congress
of the CPSU. The braiding shop has pledged to produce 3,000 km of instal-
lation wire before the congress. (Riga, Sovetskaya Latviya, 20 Dec 58)
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The Mingechaur Azerkabel' Plant will go into operation at full ca-
pacity during 1965. The first stage of the plant was finished in 1958.
Its products are being shipped to enterprises in the Azerbaydzhan SSR.
If Mingechatr construction workers were allotted sufficient funds, they
could fini h constructing the plant in 2 years instead of 7. (Baku,
Bakinski.y Rabochiy, 18 Dec 58)
The Khabarovsk Amurkabel' Plant produces 14 types of cable for local
anal long-distance telecommunications. Its output is now more than 12
time- s Ohat it was in 1956.
The plant is still under construction. The plan is to finish it by
l96i , but the plant workers hope to complete construction by 1962. (Mos-
cow, Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 19 Nov 58)
Personnel of the Staliniri Emal'proved Plant (Stalinirskiy zavod
"Emal'provod") have visited the Rybinsk Cable Plant to gain experience
in organizing the production of enameled wire. (Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka,
31 Dec 58)
A [new] enamel shop was recently put into operation in the Rybinsk
Cable Plant. This shop has mastered the production of wires with a new
type of synthetic coating called "vinifleks." (Moscow, Promyshlenno-
Ekronomicheskaya Gazeta,, 17 Dec 58)
The [Ufa] Ufimkabel' Plant, in collaboration with the Scientific Re-
search Institute of the Cable Industry, has-developed a chlorovinyl film
which can completely replace the expensive yarn used so extensively in
the cable industry. However, the production of this film is being held
up because there are no raw materials for making it. The production of
special pastes necessary for making this chiorovinyl film must be acceler-
ated, especially at the Vladimir Chemical Plant. (Moscow, Promyshlennc-
Ekonomircheskaya Gazeta, 12 Dec 58)
The Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of the Cable Industry is
located at Chirchik Gornyy, Tashkent. It can be reached by taking bus
route No 4 to stop "Ulitsa Pobeda." (Tashkent, Pravda Vostoka, 25 Oct
58)
D. Switches and Controls
The Tbilisi Elektropuskatel' Plant and the Tbilisi Elektroavtomat
Plant are new enterprises in the Georgian SSR. The Elektropuskatel' Plant
produces size-1 magnetic starters for electric motors up to 2 kw in power.
It also makes KU-72 control knobs for magnetic starters. In 1958, the
plant produced magnetic starters with housings made of plastic instead
of metal for the first time. Recently, it made its first consignment of
travel irons.
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The output of the Elektroavtomat plant is also increasing rapidly.
This plant makes type A-3161 single-phase automatic switches, A-3163
thx-ee-phase automatic switches, and A-3124 highpower three-phase auto-
matic switches.
Before 1959, the plant is to master the production-of lighting and
power panels. (Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka) 25 Oct 58)
The Rostov Rostenergo Electrical Repair Plant has begun the series
production of miniature single-pole combination communications and tele-
mechanical equipment suitable for operations on transmission lines from
35 to 220 kv in potential. This is the first time such equipment has
been produced in the USSR. It will Hake it possible to control the opera-
tions of an electric power station from a distance of 300-509 kn1. (Mos-
cow, Prom;yshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 23 Nov 58)
The Chistyakov Electrical Engineering Plant (Chistyakovskiy elektro-
tek.:hnicheskiy zavod) produces explosion-proof push-button control units
of the RV version of type KW-6012A.
The plant has finished the designs and blueprints for a series of
explosion-proof push-button switches, namely, the KUV-11 single-button,
the KUV-12 two-button, and the KIN-13 three-button snap-action switches,
which have been sent to the MakNII (Makeyevka Scientific Research Insti-
tute -fo1 Safety of Operations in the Mining Industry] for approval. (Mos-
cow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 54)
The Konotop Krasnyy Metallist Electrical Machinery Plant produces
the type GEN-3 gamma-electronic relay, which is designed for use in
automatic installations of mines, ore-dressing mills, and coal pits.
The plant recommends the use of gamma relays only in special cases
where other control methods are either impossible or extremely difficult.
(Moscow, Prornyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 54)
The Cheboksary Electrical Equipment Plant is producing the series
KTV contractors for AC operation, which are designed for power networks
up to 380 volts at 50 cycles per second.
(Source gives fairly complete specifications of these contactors.)
(Moscow, Promyshlenuaya Energetika,, Feb 59, p 54)
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C. Ultrasonic Generator
A powerful ultrasonic generator, the GU-1, has been designed at the
I iar'kov Electrical Machinery Plant. This generator, utilizing sound
frequencies of more than 12,000 cycles per second, can clean parts before
they are plated with nickel., cadmium, or silver. The cleaning of parts
of extremely complex shapes can be finished in a fraction of the time re-
quired by currently used washing machines. Ultrasonics will considerably
accelerate the process of electroplating. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-Ekoncmi-
che:.,kaya Gazeta, 14 Dec 58)
A powerful ultrasonic generator has'been designed at the Kharkov
Electrical Machinery Plant. This new generator permits a tenfold speed-up
in the cleaning of the most complex parts prior to electroplating them.
(Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 11 Dec 58)
In answer to criticism that had appeared in Promyshlenno-Ekonomiche-
skaya Gazeta, D. Chernichkin, a member of Gosplan USSR, states that the
Leningrad Scientific Research Storage Battery Institute and the Saratov
Alkaline Storage Battery Plant have developed sealed nickle-cadmium stor-
age batteries and have devised manufacturing methods for them.
According to Chernichkin, the production of portable battery lamps
and batteries for them is to be organized at the Kuzbasselement Plant of
the Kemerovskiy Sovnarkhoz. The Kharkov Svet Shakhtera Plant will pro-
duce an experimental. consignment of plateless iron-nickel storage batteries
with a capacity of 15 ampere-hours. The Lugansk Alkaline Storage Battery
Plant will produce storage batteries for mine lamps. (Moscow, Promyshlenno-
Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, 26 Oct 58)
[Comment: It appears that the Kuzbasselement Plant and the Lugansk
Alkaline Storage Battery Plant are new.]
The Leningrad Leninskaya Iskra Plant has begun the series production
of a new type of disk storage battery, which is only as large as a 10-kopeck
coin.
In all ordinary storage batteries, there are holes for exhausting
the gases produced. Electrolyte splatters out of the holes, causing a
dangerous situation. In the new type of battery, the gas produced on
one electrode enters into a chemical reaction with the other electrode.
The miniature storage batteries are used for making new hearing aids.
By the end of 1958, about 15,000 batteries will be sent to the Moscow Hear-
ing Aid Equipment Plant. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 14 Dec 58)
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E. Welding Fa uikment
The Scientific Research Institute of Electric Welding Equipment is
developing machines for welding very thin parts. Recently it developed
seven machines for spot, seam, and butt microwelding, which have been
put to use on a mass scale in more than 40 USSR enterprises.
The institute recently produced and tested the first machine for
welding extra-thin wire made of nonferrous alloys.
A group of institute workers have developed a method for welding
leads tothe bases of incandescent lamps. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 26 Oct
58)
The Tbilisi Elektrosvarka Machinery and Repair Plant (Tbilisskiy
Remontno-Mekhanicheskiy Zavod "Elektrosvarka") is being fully reconstructed
and wilsoon be converted into a large speWialized plant for the pro-
duction of electric welders. (Leningradskaya Pravda, 2 Dec 58)
F. Other Electrical. Equipment
Since 1958, the Cheboksary Electrical Equipment Plant has been pro-
ducing type LS53 signal lamps, rated for 24-500 volts. (Moscow, Promysh-
lennaya Energetika, Jan 59, p 54 )
The Moscow Searchlight Plant has a machine shop (20). (Moscow, Mo-
skovska,ya Pravda, 25 Nov 58)
(20) Photo available in source, p 1, bottom, left
The Moscow Power Machinery Plant (Moskovskiy energomekhanicheskiy
zavod -- MEZ) of the Ministry of Railways is producing type TK-48 cur-
rent transformers for indoor low-voltage installations, which have trans-
formation ratios of 20/5, 50/5, 100/5, 150/5, 200/5, 300/5, and 600/5 amp.
(Moscow, Promyshlennaya Energetika, Jan 59) p 54)
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