BI-WEEKLY PROPAGANDA GUIDANCE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-03061A000400060003-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 62
• Document Creation Date: November 17, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 1998
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: May 8, 1967
• Content Type: REPORT

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8 May 1967
Br
iefly
Noted 00000(
First Congress-
Amendment To Public
ADVERTISEMENT
ional Statement
Law 90-5 Shows U.S.
Since Tonkin
Unity On Vietnam
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Resolution
Policy
The U.S. Senate on
1 March 1967 adopted by a vote of 89-2
Bill No. S-665 which was subsequently
passed by the House of Representatives
and signed by the President on 16 March.
Public Law 90-5, as it is now known,
authorizes supplemental appropriations
for the Armed Forces and in effect dec-
lares support by the duly elected rep-
resentatives of the people of the Unit-
ed States for the Administration:'s
policies on Vietnam.
The Amendment to the Bill proposed
by Senator Mansfield (see unclassified
attachment) was adopted by a 72-19 vote
and is the first of its kind since the
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution of 1964. It
can be cited as an indication of the
basic unity of the American people in
favor of our Government's policy on
Vietnam, thus countering the overly
ballyhooed statements and demonstrations
of a highly vocal minority who protest
against our combatting Communist aggres-
sion in Southeast Asia. It should be
noted that this policy includes efforts
to bring about an honorable negotiated
settlement giving the South Vietnamese
people the right of self-determination;
note also that Congress supports the
Geneva accords of 1954, and the use of
a Geneva Conference approach today.
50TH ANNIVERSARY
Soviet Revolution
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Significant Dates
[ASTERISK DENOTES ANNIVERSARIES. All others are CURRENT EVENTS]
'I* Dominion of Canada established, uniting provinces under federal government,
1867. CENTENARY.
6-9 World Conference on Vietnam, Stockholm. (Communist fronts involved include
World Peace Council and International Organization of Journalists; non-
Communist World Conference of World Peace Through Law also participating.)
9-14 World Conference of World Peace Through Law. Conference in Geneva.
21*
Armistice ends Vietnamese war between French and Viet Minh forces. 1954.
23
Soviet Navy Day.
23*
Geneva Agreements guaranteeing independence and neutrality of Laos signed by
14 nations. 1962. FIFTH ANNIVERSARY.
28
(to August
(LASO:
5) First conference of Latin American Solidarity Organization
Communist front growing out of Tri-Continental Conference, Havana,
January
1966).
AUG
I*
Warsaw Uprising begins; later crushed by Germans while Red Army refuses and
blocks assistance. 1944.
2-9
World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession, 16th Assembly
Vancouver, Canada. (Non-Communist.)
6*
US drops atomb bomb on Hiroshima. 1945.
8*
Soviet Union declares war on Japan. 1945.
14*
Japan surrenders to Allies. 1945.
15*
Republic of Indonesia proclaimed. (After four years of intermittent warfare,
Netherlands transferred sovereignty to interim Indonesian government,
2 November 1949:) 1950.
20*
Leon Trotsky murdered in Mexico City. 1940.
23*
Soviet Union and Nazi Germany conclude non-aggression pact, opening way for
German attack on Poland, and its partition between Germany and the USSR.
1935
25*
Paris liberated by Free French forces with U.S. Army. 1944.
27*
Kellogg-Briand Pact (Treaty of Paris) signed, renouncing war as instrument
of policy.
28 Aug-Sept 2. 10th International Congress of Linguists, Bucharest. (Includes
non-Communist participants.)
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ediA Lines
8 May 1967
Moscow-Peking Radio War Escalates. With the introduction of the
Soviet Union's new spring summer broadcasting schedule on 20 April,
Mandarin-language transmissions to Communist China jumped sharply--
from 84 hours to 182 hours weekly on a continuous, round-the-clock
basis. Radio Moscow's official schedule now totals 150/ hours, in-
cluding 102 hours (unchanged) announced for Chinese listeners in South-
east Asia but beamed also to Mainland China. The remaining 312 hours
are programmed by the "unofficial" Radio Peace and Progress which uses
Radio Moscow transmitters and which added Mandarin programs to its
multilanguage schedule on I March. Additionally, there are special
broadcasts to China such as the recently expanded programs in Uighur
from Tashkent.
Radio Peking's normal schedule of broadcasts to the USSR in Russian
totals 14 hours daily (98 hours weekly). Unscheduled broadcasts are
being added at such a pace, however, that transmissions (including
simultaneous ones) are now topping 30 hours daily -- more than 210 hours
weekly. Thus, in terms of total time, Radio Peking is still ahead in
the radio war. It has also, on at least 3 occasions (March 22nd and
23rd) added an apparently intentional but odd and unexplained twist --
running its Russian-language tapes backward. Radio Moscow please copy.
More Censorship Between Communist Countries. According to DER
SPIEGEL,.leading West German weekly news magazine, the East German
Government has imposed a virtual ban on Soviet films. Whereas the
East Zone was formerly flooded with Soviet films, only three recent ones
will be shown. there. The reason given by Party cultural officials is
revealing: they found that many recent Soviet films were too "liberal",
specifically that they were too self-critical of "socialism", i.e.,
Communism. The Soviets for their part have banned the East German
magazines BERLINER ILLUSTRIERTE (Berlin Illustrated) and FUER DICH
(For You), the latter being a popular women's magazine. The Soviet
cultural authorities found that these publications of their satellite
'?propagandized a socialist living standard which was far beyond the
Soviet potential." (Another instance of one Communist government's
prohibition of a fellow satellite country's publications was noted in
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More on Communist Newspaper Circulation Shrinkage. Despite lavish
outlays for advertising and promotional gimmicks, and attempts to enliven
thier contents, the major (and most of the minor) European Communist news-
papers have steadily lost circulation during the oast 20 years, according
to a short survey which appeared in the 10 April issue of DER SPIEGEL,
leading West German news weekly. Last year the London DAILY WORKER, whose
circulation had dwindled from 120,000 in 1946 to 60,000, changed its name
to MORNING STAR in the hopes of adding at least 8,000 to its paid circula-
tion. (See ML, BPG #188, Il April 1966.) However, its circulation
(according to DER SPIEGEL) remains 60,000. Evidence of the decline in
popularity of European Communist newspapers since World War 11 is clear
from the following statistics contained in the DER, SPIEGEL article:
France's L'HUMANITE from 521,000 in October 1945 to about 200,000
today;
Italy's L'UNITA, from nearly 400,000 in 1946 to 350,000 in 1966
(and another, perhaps more reliab,Io source estimated the 1965
circulation as 150,000 weekdays and 200,000 on Sundays);
Austria's VOLKSSTIMME from 100,000 in 1949 to 40,000 in 1966,;
Holland's DE WAARHEID from 250,000 in 1946 to about 10,000 in 1966;
Luxembourg's ZEITUNG VUM LETZEBURGER VOLLE.K from 7,000 in 1946 to
2,000 in 1966;
Norway's FRIHETEN from more than 15,000 in 1960 (and according to
other sources, 131,000 immediately following World' War II) to
2,500 in 1966; (We reported in ML, BPG #213, 10 April 1967, that
FRIHETEN has folded due to low circulation and constant operat-
ing deficits.)
Denmark's LAND OG FOLK from 60,000 in 1946 to 6,600 in 1966;
Switzerland's VOIX OUVRIERE and VORWARTS, from a combined total of
55,000 in 1945 to about 12,000 in 1966.
The Communist dailies have tried to reverse their downward circula-
tion spirals. In addition to changing its name, the British MORNING STAR
increased the number of pages, and relegated the long speeches of Party
functionaries to the back pages. L'HUMANITE and L'UNITA, the two most
important Communist dailies in Europe, went even further, Both appeased
their intellectual readers with brilliant supplements (feuilletons) and
their simpler readers with detailed sports reporting. L'UNITA also in-
cludes photos of pin-up girls and provides comic strips (including
American ones). And following the example of PRAVDA, L'UNITA each year
plays host at sports festivals, amateur plays, and exhibitions in which
several ml'Ilion Italians participate. L'HUMANITE annually sends out
hundreds of thousands of admission tickets for a huge garden party.
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Nevertheless, this French CP daily organ breaks even only because it depends
on Party volunteers both for its provincial correspondents and for much of
its distribution (especially of its Sunday edition, which it uses 40,000
volunteers to sell).
(COMMENT: Above facts are very useful to deflate claims of the
Communist press to represent the masses of the people, to denounce or to
ridicule Communist inability to understand the interests of these masses,
and to dissuade people from reading, or advertising in, Communist media.
However, circulation losses alone do not necessarily reflect a weakening
of the Communist parties or of their capability to commit further mischief--
whether by forming "popular fronts", by promoting leftist trends among
Social Democrats br by continued service as Moscow's fifth column.)
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Propagandist's
Guide -to
WORLD COMMUN KT AFF,a- iQC HE,
'rl-) 28 March-24 April 1967
ICM AND "SOCIALIST CAMP" AFFAIRS
1. The conference of European CPs on European security convenes in Karlovy
Vim, Czechoslovakia, as scheduled on April 24 -- and closes a day ahead of
schedule on the 26th. Although no overt evidence of conflict in the sessions
is yet available, the results must be disappointing to the Soviet and other
leading sponsors. The important Rumanian and Yugoslav parties boycott the
meeting, despite reported heavy pressure, especially on the Rumaians. Also
refusing to participate are the Albanians, Dutch, Norwegians, Swedes, and
Icelanders. Key speaker Brezhnev criticizes Chinese obstructionism but
reluctantly acknowledges that China is not on the agenda: he also refrains
from pushing for a world CP meeting. Nevertheless, he reflects the continuing
hardening of Moscow's general line, introducing a demand for the withdrawal
of the 6th U.S. Fleet from the Mediterranean. The resolutions are routine,
Condemn U.S. "aggression in Vietnam," denounce West Germany and demand disso-
lution of NATO.
2. The 7th Congress of the East German ruling party in Berlin on the eve of
the above conference (April 17-22 is far "harder," anti-Chinese, and anti-
West in tone. Visiting delegations do not include top party bosses, with the
conspicuous exceptions of Brezhnev and Gomulka. China, Albania, and Cuba are
not represented at all.
3. The series of bilateral meetings noted last month continues: the Rumanians
meet with the Bulgarians (A 17-21 , Czechs (13=14), Hungarians (13-14), and
Italian boss Longo (5); the E. Germans with the Hungarians (March 29-30); and
the Poles with the Bulgarians (A 3-6). The latter produces a new friendship
treaty less hostile to Bonn than those signed in March.
4. In addition to playing leading roles at the Karlovy Vary conference and
the SED Congress as described above, Moscow holds two strangely ill-defined
and seemingly overlapping international conferences of its own. The first
(March 28-31) is called a "Scientific Conference on the International Signi-
ficance of the Great October Socialist Revolution," and has a claimed atten-
dance by over 500 Marxists from 50 countries. The second (April 12-15), a
"Scientific Session on Leninism and Problems of the World Labor Movement,"
simply has claimed attendance by'Marxists from more than 50 countries."
Participation at both seems to have been largely European, and both apparently
were heavily critical of the Chinese. It seems possible that they were used
as cover for consultations on the forthcoming Karlovy Vary conference, -- and
perhaps on prospects for a world meeting.
5. The Cubans are conspicuously absent from the Soviet-favored SED Congress
and from the above Moscow meetings, and they lead a walk-out from the IUS
Congress, as noted below. Also, there is some downgrading in the wording
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of the Soviet May Day slogan on Cuba. Together with the hardly veiled criti-
cism in Castro's March 13 speech, these events seem to give overt confirmation
to classified reporting of increasing tensions between Castro and the Soviet
leadership. (FYI only: there have been clandestine reports that Moscow did
use the above "scientific conferences" to confer with Soviet-line Latin
American CP leaders. There is another report of a planned meeting of LA CPs
in Havana in July, which might have been one subject for Moscow discussions.)
6. Tirana's Polish-language broadcasts in the name of a dissident "Provisional
CC of the Polish CP" reach a new high in provocation with instructions to
"comrades of the security organs and citizen's militia" for active struggle ~~
against "the Gomulkaite revisionists and their allied Zionist Israeli agency."
(A 17)
7. Despite reports of a N. Vietnam-Chinese-Soviet agreement to expedite the
delivery of Soviet aid to Hanoi (reportedly the N. Vietnamese will. take title
to shipments as they pass the Sino-Soviet border), Chinese and Soviet media
continue to attack each other heavily, as described below and detailed in
our Chronology.
INTERNATIONAL FRONT ORGANIZATIONS
8. Spared the disruption of Sino-Soviet battling -- by a Chinese-Albanian
boycott -- the 9th Congress of the International Union cf Students (IUS) in
Ulan Bator is nevertheless damaged by a Cuban-led walk-out of 9 Latin American
delegations over another issue (March 26-April 10).
9. Our unclassified summary depicts a major new drive by the Maoist leader-
ship to break the apparent stalemate of February-March by crushing the con-
tinuing top-level Party opposition to their aim of carrying the CR "through
to the end." The Maoists' full forces -- the formal media as well as Red
Guard activities are concentrated in a heavy attack on Liu Shao-chi as the
leader of this "bourgeois reactionary line" (throughout the entire 17' years of
CCP control, it is now claimed), with the frank explanation that if he is
brought down, "this will surely deal a fatal blow to the :handful." The estab-
lishment of a "Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee" (at long last) is
greeted by the Maoists as a great victory, but it appears to be a rather hollow
otie. Editorials still reveal major problems, there are new reports of clashes
among the Maoists as well as against anti-Maoists, while the Army still
appears to be the force holding the country together. :Lin Piao allegedly
appears before the public with Mao and Chou En-lai, after 5 months out of
sight.
10. PEOPLE'S DAILY carries at least one harsh attack on the Soviet revisionists
daily during this period, on: collusion with the U.S:, Indonesia, Japan,
India, Malaysia, etc.; turning to capitalism; 'betrayal of the people of
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Palestine; etc. The Chinese lash out anew against the Congo's Mobutu (A 15),
the "fascist," "traitorous regime" of Colombia A 19), and (the second time
in the past; year) the "fascist outrage of the Belgian authorities. Chinese
strife with the Japanese CP continues (March 23 & April 2), while relations
with the Indonesian Govt approach the point of rupture (March 29 & continuing).
11. One of ComChina's most prominent musical figures, Ma Szu-tsung, surfaces
in New York after escaping from Red Guard persecution and "brainwashing"
efforts (A 12).
12. Soviet media continue a daily barrage of criticism of the Chinese, on:
collusion with the U.S., the Japanese and German monopolists; persecution of
minorities; declining standard of living; etc. Radio "Peace and Progress"
is now using an alleged Chinese defector to appeal to his fellow countrymen
at home.
13. The annual May Day Slogans (A 18) drop all reference to the 1957 and 1960
Moscow multiparty documents and slightly downgrade references to Cuba and
Indonesia.
14. The far-flung Soviet espionage services suffer further shocks as: fur-
ther arrests are made (A 8) in connection with the ring uncovered in Italy
last month (#12, March 22 & continuing); the Dutch expel the Aeroflot chief
in Holland (A 16); and the Belgians expel the TASS correspondent in Brussels
(A 19).
15. Stalin's daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva, arrives in New York (A 22)
seeking freedom of expression: it is revealed that she wrote an 80,000-word
manuscript of memoirs in 1963 and has given it to an American publisher.
16. FYI: The 483-thember Luxembourg CP reportedly received a Soviet subsidy
of $60,000 in 1966, about 2/3 of its total budget. About half of the total
expenditures go for publications.
17: The USSR has reportedly made large aid offers to Uruguay and Lebanon.
(CONF)
18. YUGOSLAVIA: On April 14 the Party publishes draft theses on reorganiza-
tion ostensibly intended to democratize and liberalize the party and society:
on the 19th, a Belgrade court sentences outspoken young writer Mihajlov to
4-2 years imprisonment and a further 4-year ban on public activity because of
his "hostile propaganda."
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19. A preliminary Austrian police count indicates that more than 113 citizens
of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland defected and asked for asylum in the
West during the late March-early April ice hockey tournament in Vienna (A 3).
(See also numerous EE items in the first section above.)
20. INDONESIA: In addition to carrying on -their tit-for-tat struggle with
the Chinese Communists (March 29 and continuing), the Indonesians strike back
at the high-handed March 26 PRAVDA warning as "intervention" in their inter-
nal affairs (A 4+).
2. CAMBODIA's Sihanouk displays increasing concern about local Communist
subversive activities in his country and an :intent to crack down on them
(A 21-22).
22. BOLIVIA: As a result of attacks on Bolivian army patrols on March 23 and
April 10 by a guerrilla band in which members of both the pro-Soviet and the
pro-Chinese CPs have been identified, the Bolivian Govt outlaws both, and
also the Trotskyite Revolutionary Workers Party. The Govt's great alarm is
(See references to additional Asian and Latin American and to West European
Communist affairs in the above sections.)
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WORLD COMMUNIST AFFAIRS
CHRONOLOGY
Continuing from preceding numbers: The still-confused reporting on China
is again treated in outline summa,
A. A new Maoist drive to overcome {opposition focuses on Liu Shao-chi.
Evidently trying to break out of the near-stalemate of the last two months ---
and implicitly acknowledging that opposition to the extremes of the "cultural
revolution" is still active and wide-spread, the Maoist leadership at the
end of March threw the regime's political and propaganda resources into an
all-out drive against Liu, as descr.bed by the (edited) introductory para-
graphs to the April 8 PEOPLE'S DAILY editorial:
"A great new campaign has started.... Hundreds of millions of
revolutionary masses in China ... have launched a powerful general
offensive against the number one party person in authority taking the
capitalist road.... During the past L7,yi~ars, an acute and complicated struggle has
been going on within the party between the proletarian revolutionary
line represented by Chairman Mao and the bourgeois reactionary line
represented by the number one party person.... Working hand and glove
with another such top party person... it was precisely this China's
Krushchev who patronized and shielded a handful of party persons in
authority taking the capitalist road and a handful of bourgeois re-
actionary academic 'authorities'....
If we criticize penetratingly, repudiate thoroughly, and dis-
credit completely the number one.... this will certainly deal a fatal
blow to the handful...."
Noteworthy steps in this new campaign include:
(1) The opening salvo consists of several signed articles in RED
FLAG No. 5, broadcast by Peking on March 30-31. Most detailed is a very
long, twisted account by Chi Pen--yu, "Patriotism or National Betrayal --
Comment on the Reactionary Film 'Inside Story of the Ching Court.'" It
goes back to 1950, when the subject film (on the Boxer Rebellion), being
shown in China, moved '"the proletarian revolutionaries headed by Chairman
Mao to wage a serious struggle against a handful of party people in author-
ity taking the capitalist road. This was the first important struggle
launched in liberated China on the cultural and ideological front.
Arrayed against Mao were ''counter-revolutionary revisionists such as Lu
Ting-yi, Chou Yang, and a certain Mr. Hu,...as well as the biggest power-
holder within the party.. .who was backing them. behind the scenes.`" Support-
i Mao was wife Chiang Ching, .,a member of the motion picture guidance
committee of the Ministry of Culture. Foiled in his efforts to ban the
film, Mao on 16 October 1954 ' addressed a letter to the Politburo on the
subject, but to no avail. "Twelve years have elapsed since 1954, but the
reactionary, totally traitorous film. . .has so far not been repudiated....
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"Their crimes of openly and boldly opposing Chairman Mao's thought must
be thoroughly investigated. The revolutionary masses must bring down this
handful... and drag the biggest powerholder ... down from his high horse....
Chi Pen-yu's article attacks Liu's well-known book, HOW TO BE A GOOD
COMMUNIST (also rendered as ON SELF-CULTIVATION), for many years required
reading for Chinese Communists, as "your absurd thesis, the big poison weed
which repudiated revolution, class struggle, seizure of political power, and
the proletarian dictatorship, opposed M-L and Mao Tse-tung's thought, and
promoted the antiquated bourgeois world outlook and the reactionary philosophy
of bourgeois idealism...."
(NCNA on April 7 announces that this 20,000-word article is to be
distributed in booklet form beginning April 8.)
(2) Beginning April 1, Peking is plastered with new posters and swarming
with hundreds of thousands of demonstrators against Liu, his book, and others
of the "handful" identified with him. Vice Premier and Foreign Minister
Chen Yi is continuously attacked by posters beginning April 2. On April 13
Toronto GLOBE AND MAIL correspondent Oancia describes a rally of 200,000
at which such prominent persons as Peng Chen, Po Yi-po. and Lu Ting-yi were
dragged out on the platform for public humiliation. On the 17th, Oancia
reports that truckloads of people from other areas are arriving in Peking
"in much the same manner as did thousands of Red Guards"last summer and
are being accommodated in the same buildings.
(3) Posters appearing on the 17th give lengthy details of a coup d'etat
against Mao planned by Liu and Teng for February 1966 but discovered in
time by Mao. Named as co-plotters are Peng Chen, Lo Jui-ching, Lu Ting-yi.
and Yang Shang-tun. They charge that Peng was sent to Moscow to make con-
tact with the Soviet revisionists during the last CPSU Congress. The pos-
ters are signed by a "revolutionary group of employees of the Peking Party
Committee."
(4) A full-length color documentary film on the 17th anniversary of the
founding of the CPR (last October 1) makes its first appearance -_. with
Liu, Teng, and other attacked leaders cut out of the picture after a
struggle described by NCNA:
"In producing the film, a handful of party people ... abused their
power in order to prettify the top party person ... and the bourgeois
reacionary line. The did this in a wild attempt to belittle the great
image of our most respected and beloved great leader airman Mao.
But their scheme came to nothing, because the prol. revs. promptly
rose in rebellion and seized the power of editing and producing this
film from them...."
B. A "Municipal Revolutionary Committee" for Peking. After months of in-
formal government by public security and military forces, the formation of
a Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee,"a provisional organ," is announced
at a mass rally on April 20. It is acclaimed by PEOPLE'S DAILY as "a
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new song of triumph for Mao Tse-tung's thought" and depicted as a "three-
way alliance," with the standing members of the Committee including 20
representatives of the revolutionary masses," 6 military, and 6 '' og vern---
ment cadres." It is headed by Publjc Security Minister Hsieh Fu-chip and
two of the four vice chairman are ranking officers of the Peking garrison
command, leading to such comment as',that in the NYTIMES from Hong Kong,
April 20: "Students of Chinese affairs said today that the formation of the
rev. committee in Peking did not appear significantly to change the power
structure in the Chinese capital."
C. Miscellaneous notes:
--Lin Piao is reported making his first appearances since November: on
April 19 NCITA reports that "Chairman Mao, Vice Chairman Lin Piao, and Pre-
mier Chou En-lai had a very cordial and friendly conversation" with the
Ambassador of N. Vietnam; and on the 24th that the same three, plus Chen
Po-ta, Kang Sheng, Li Fu-chun, and Chiang Ching, met in Peking with "lead-
ers of provincial and municipal revolutionary committees." A heavily
re-touched picture is published of Mao and Lin at the ballet.
--Despite the continuing attacks on Chen Yi, he still appears as Foreign
Minister at a Syrian national day reception on April l7.
--On April 10, the Chinese Foreign Ministry orders long-time Yugoslav
TANYUG Peking correspondent to leave the country for "false and slanderous"
reporting on the CR.
--We have seen no further published evidence of epidemic and food crises, --
which does not necessarily mean that the situation has improved.
--The Chinese champions are absent from the 29th World Table Tennis Tourna-
ment in Stockholm, and AFP Peking correspondent Vincent reports on April 16
that, according to the Red Guard journal of the Peking Sports Institute, the
Govt Sports Commission decided after several days of stormy debate to send
no further athletic delegations abroad for the time being.
March 23 (delayed) and April 2: Japanese CP daily AKAHATA further reflects
strife between JCP personnel and the Chico_ms and their sympathizers in Japan.
March 23, it carries a "resolute protest' ` by the JCP/CC against the Overseas
Chinese Merchants Association in Tokyo: the latter have been hanging banners
from their building "'branding the JCP as a terroristic, violent and criminal
organization," an "unpardonable slander," -- and then 20 of the Chinese beat
up a delegation of four JCP representatives who went on March 22 to deliver
a protest letter! On April 2, A carries a lengthy round-up of "slanderous
attacks on JCP members in Peking."
March 26 (delayed): IZVESTIYA carries a long article, "The Peking Farce,"
by `political observer and professor of the Tokyo Meiji University, Hiro-
tatsu Fujiwara,"who apparently spent some time in China. He draws a parallel
between a slogan current in Japan 100 years ago --- "sonnodzyei," meaning
respect the emperor and drive foreigners away" V--- and the present situation
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in China, where one need only substitute the word "Mao" for "emperor."'
''What did 'sonnodzyei' bring to Japan? It became the theoretical
base for nationalism and chauvinism, and ultimately led Japan into a
world war ending in bitter defeat. I remember `Marx said: 'A tragedy,
should it be repeated by history, will be a farce.? Are we not present
witnesses of such a farce?...
..We noticed everywhere indications that the Mao grouwas trying
to replace hatred against the U.S. with hatred against-'the Soviet
people.
I do not believe that the Mao group will venture as far as a
direct clash with the USSR, will attempt to force Maoism upon the S.U.
That would be absurd. But the Chinese leaders must realize that systema-
tic Chinese border provocation by itself aggravates the situation in
Asia, which is tense as it is....
When I saw present--day China, I remembered Japan again and again.
Only recently our home-bred militarists asserted: 'We are isolated
from the world by the line of A, B, C, and H (America, Britain, China,
and Holland).' They attacked Hawaii to break this line. Does the
Mao group want to follow such a path in eliminating its international
isolation? Is it not necessary to come to one's senses and to try
other ways of acquiring friends -- friends more important than Albania?''
March 26--April 10: The International Union of Students (IUS) holds its
9th Congress in Ulan Bator, ,Mongolia. Although a boycott by the Chinese and
Albanians saves the Congress from Sino--Soviet battling, it is torn by a new
issue which brings a walk-out of 9 Latin American delegations headed by Cuba.
The new dissent concerns reports of CIA relations with the non--Communist
International Student Conference (ISC) -.?- with which the Soviets have been
urging cooperation -- and the walk-out comes when the Congress rejects a
Cuban motion to expel the Chilean UFUCH which belongs to both, and which has
been Cuba's principal rival for leadership of the Latina.
March 28-31: Moscow hosts a "Scientific Conference on the International
Significance of the Great October Socialist Revolution,"" claiming attendance
by `'over 500 prominent representatives of the Communist and workers move-
ment, expert Marxists from 50 countries of Europe, America, Asia, and Africa.''
Brief press reporting indicates that participation is largely European, with
no mention of Cuban, N. Korean, Chinese, or Japanese delegates, though the
N. Vietnamese gets heavy play. The discussions are apparently full of
ideological attacks on the Chinese. Opening and closing speeches are by
USSR Academy of Sciences Vice President Fedoseyev, author of a mayor doctrinal
article, `'Marxism and Mao Tee--tungism," in _OI8NNIST No. 5, signed to press
the day before the conference opens.
March 29:. IZVESTIYA article by V. Matveyev, In League with Whorn?" -- pegged
to PEOPLE'S DAILY on Vietnam February 20 -- says:
I+ (WCA Chrono Cont.)
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"Peking, in fact, comes out for a rotracte9 w r,' maintaining
that this, allegedly, is in the interests of the Vietnamese people. In
conformance with the 'teaching of Mao Tse-tung,' bloodshed is represent-
ed as 'the highest virtue.
TASS reports on the March 27-29 visit in Moscow of Italian CP Gen Secy
Longo, who met with Brezhnev and otAer CPSTJ officials. They "attach great
significance to the coming conference of fraternal European parties," support
participation by all, and very conditionally endorse a new international
conference.
March 29 and continuing_: _ Chinese Indonesian strife escalates in tempo and
temper. Highlights during this period include:
-=-A long April 10 NCNA round-up of Chinese charges, beginning: "The Suharto-
Nasution rightwing military clique, lackey of U.S. imperialism in I., which
usurped presidential power and has nakedly shown the fascist features of its
military regime, is stepping up its collusion with and dependence upon the
U.S. imperialists and the Soviet modern revisionist leading clique to under-
take new and unprecedented anti-China and anti-Chinese moves in all parts
of I....
-Next day NCNA reports "strongest protest" notes to I. in Peking and
Djakarta against the "bloody persecution of Chinese nationals by the local
authorities of Situbondo, Fast Java, where one Chinese was killed, two
seriously wounded, and others "cruelly beaten up and then thrown into prison.
"The Chinese people will absolutely not tolerate the savage atrocity of
murder of their compatriots. Blood debts must be paid in blood.
M---Radio Djakarta on the 19th reports an I. Foreign Dept protest against a
siege of the I. Embassy in Peking on April 12 by "hundreds of youths` who
pasted insulting placards and blockaded staff personnel from leaving the
building.
--?-NCNA on the 21st reports that "the I. reactionary authorities yesterday
mobilized. large numbers of armed forces, police and gangsters to attack the
funeral procession held by Chinese nationals for murdered Overseas Chinese
leader Nin Hsiang.-yu," wounding '`more than 10 Chinese nationals. PNCNA says
that it was "a mammoth procession of 30,000,' and that they -'recited Chair-
man Mao's quotations amid whistling shots, shouted slogans, and marched
bravely." The Chinese Foreign Ministry lodged "the strongest protest
against the outrage.
*See insert, p. 12.
--NCNA on the 22nd reports a Chinese F4 "strongest protest" over a siege
of the C. Embassy in Djakarta. On the 23rd, it is a "most urgent and
strongest protest" against the blockade and the "abduction by force of
arm.s'" of Consul General Hsu Jen.
--On the 24th, the I. Govt expels Hsu and Charge d'Affairs Yao Tong-shan,
and the C. Govt retaliates by expelling I. Charge Sutadisastra and Infor-
mation Counsellor Sumarno.
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March. 30: An editorial in N. Vietnamese Party daily FHAN DAN on prepara?,
tions for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution includes its usual.
``equal time'' bow to China: "Following the Russian October Revolution, the
great Chinese Revolution ended in a brilliant victory,...the event of great-
est significance since the 0. Rev."
March 30 and continuing... Chinese media continue to hit at Soviet-U.S.
collusion in at least a dozen articles during this period. On the 19th,
1t FIT rresents a round-up of Soviet-aU.S. relations with India, Japan, Indo-
nesia, and Malaysia in their joint efforts ''to patch up a counter--revolution-
ary 'holy alliance' and an anti-China 'ring' in Asia.' PEOPLE'S DAILY on
the same subject next day begins: The Soviet revisionist rulinc clique has
of late been flirting most outrageously with various puppets and pawns, both
big and small, of U.S. imperialism in Asia and is engaged in affairs will all
those that are willing," while the U.S. ''winks approvingly. The secret is
allegedly revealed by a U.S. Senate fact-finding' mission which went to
Asia and concluded that the U.S. should involve the S.U. in joint efforts
to develop and stabilize Asia rather than trying to curb Moscow's influence
on the continent." New as ects of Sov U.S.collaboration condenmed duril'r
this period include: the .S. "Industrial Design'' exhibit warmly welcomed
in Moscow (March 30) the Soviet bid_ to furnish turbines for the Grand
Coulee Dam (April 18) - and the sale to Dow Chemical Co. of the "rare strategic
material`' ma.nesium (April 18).
March 31: PRAVDA commentator Zhukov, referring to joint statement in Peking
signed by Japanese Foreign Trade Association, says:
``The leaders of China, who are undermining the edifice of the unit-
ed anti imperialist front in defense of Vietnam..., are not sparing any
efforts to establish relations with various kinds of monopolistic
circles....The desire of the Chinese leaders to-make the, Japanese
capitaliststheir allies in the anti-Soviet campaign-is all the more
odd if one recalls the close links between the J. monopolies and the
Saigon regime... .This odd political triangle, with its corners in
Tokyo and Peking...(and) its apex in Saigon-causes one to wonder
where and what kind of friends are the present Peking leaders seeking?"
IZVESTIYA returns to the subject on April 14.
April 1: PEOPLE'S DAILY article by the Red Guards of Tsinhua Univ. "gives
the lie to the fallacy spread by TASS that they detained a car with Soviet
diplomats'' on March 26 (#12). Giving its version of the incident, it adds:
Gone are the days when imperialists could do as they liked and
swagger about on Chinese territory. What are Soviet revisionist
diplomats dreaming about when they attempt to put on the superior airs
of latter-day imperialists in front of the Chinese people today?''
April 1 and continuing Soviet media continue to hammer at Chinese erecu_-
tion of minorities. IZVETIYA article by A. Dymkov on April 1 asserts that
"since 1964 the magazine RED FLAG had repeatedly declared that the_ultir_zate
6 (WCA Chrono Cont.)
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aim of China's nationalities policy isrcomplete obliteration of specific
national features and distinctions. A Radio Tashkent broadcast in Uighur
to Sinkiang by a refugee on the 9th emphasizes T'?Mao's use of the Army to
"forcibly Sinicize the people of Sinkiang.''
April 2 and continuing Soviet media hit somewhat less frequently on the
theme of Chinese?U.S. collusion, but Radio Moscow on April 2 introduces a
new angle, claiming that the designer of Chinese missles "held. a key post
in this field in the U.S. until recently. The administration then allowed
him to go to China. A moving situation: the paper tiger helps his enemy
create nuclear weapons carriers!`' The Czechs take up the cry of Chinese-
U.S. collusion in a RUDE PRAVO commentary on "the seamy side of (China's)
anti Soviet campaign,`' April 11.
April 3: PEOPLE'S DAILY denounces the Soviet charge that the Chinese want a
"protracted war in Vietnam: they rack their brains fabricating rumors to
smear China. `'
A Vienna report to the London SUNDAY TIME; on the F. European visitors
to the ice hockey championships who asked for asylum in the West cites
Austrian Interior I zinistry totals of 113 95 Czechs , 16, Hungarians, and 2 Poles)
to that date, with another day to go.
A.pril 3 & 5: Moscow's Radio 'Peace & Progress" broadcasts further Mandarin-
language appeals by Chinese defector Ko Mao--lin. On the 3rd, he says :
`Contrary to the Maoist group's allegation..., the USSR Govt had offered to
send 1 million tons of wheat to the Chinese people. But this was rejected
by Mao Tse.-tung. :low many people in China know this?"
April 3--6: A tope-level Gomulka.-Cyrankiewicz Polish delegation visits Bul
garia and signs a new friendship treaty: it differs from those the Poles
signed with the B. Germans and Czechs in March in not referring: to demands
on German recognition, borders, etc.
April 4: In Djakarta, I TARO reports, Dr. Chalik AJ.i a ?tei,~ber of the parl.ia-
ment's Defense-security--Foreign Affairs Commission, denounces the March 26
PRAVDA warning (#12), which he calls an act of intervention in the internal
affairs of I.`` which `reflects a hostile attitude.''
April 5: A communique on the 6--day visit of Italian CP Gen Secy Longo to
Rumania stresses unity on the basis of independence, equality, and non-inter--
ference in internal affairs, and the recognition of "possible differences
in views and stands."'
April 8: PEOPLE'S DAILY accuses the Soviet revisionists of "complete betray-
al of the Palestine people" by their stand on the Palestine question at the
``bogus third conference of Afro-Asian Writers'' in Beirut..
WASHINGTON POST carries a report from Turin on the arrest of 20 more
persons in connection with the Soviet espionage ring uncovered. there last
7 (WCA Chrono Cont.)
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month (#12), according to "Italian intelligence sources." According to
press reports, the list of suspects grows to 500, and "French police are
believed on the tr: v:? l of mare spies.,
April 10; PEOPLE'S DAILY carries an NCNA review of the "new system" in
the Soviet economy, plus its own commentary, "The Ruble Takes Command:'''
"The guiding principles of this 'new system' is that the ruble
should take command, -- in short, money is everything....
Profit-seeking is the absolute law of capitalism. The Soviet
revisionist ruling clique has now taken over this law....
Last year ... the U.S. WALL STREET JOURNAL ... sang a 'welcome
to the club' tune. The Soviet revisionist clique is now more quali-
fied than ever to join that 'club' of the monopoly capitalist groups
and merge with imperialism."'"
April 11: PEOPLE'S DAILY comments that the Soviet revisionists have decided
to mark the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution by "stuffing their
shops with consumer commodities."' They will "import huge amounts of goods
from the capitalist countries, including an 8--million-pound order with
Britain for fashionable coats for women, men's garments, and smart foot-
ware, and a 10-million--pound order with Japan for textiles. What a color--
fu]. assortment!"
"What the Soviet revisionists are trying to do is to__put on a
'show window' of 'Communist construction' to whitewash their betrayal
of the October Revolution. ... Can the mark of Communism be found
merely on shop shelves? If so, can it not be said that the U.S. is
also building Communism, since American shops are also stuffed with
commodities? ... They are not building genuine Communism but goulash
'Communism,' or 'Communism' of coats and boots, --- and Western coats
and boots at that!
The Soviet revisionists are traitors to the October Revolution....
They have usurped political power.... (etc., etc.)"
IZVESTIYA on the same day comments that "China is the only country among
the socialist states where, during the last decade, the workers' standard
of living has not only not risen, but, on the contrary, has declined."
A Chinese Foreign Ministry note protests an "intrusion by Indian
troops'' into Chinese territory across the Sikkim border.
April 12: One of ComChina's most prominent musical figures, concert
violinist Ma Szu-tsung, former president of the Central Academy of Music,
member of the People's Congress, etc., appears at a New York press confer-
ence. He says that he left China by means which he could not disclose after
several months of persecution and 'brainwashing'" by zealots of the "cultural
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revolution, been granted asylum in the U.S. (where he has a brother), and
arrived in N.Y. in December.
IZVESTIYA article, "Kowtowing to the Imperialists," blasts China's
growing trade with West Germany (now third after Japan and Hong Kong) and
reported negotiations for resuming diplomatic relations, while cutting
itself off from the socialist countries.
April 12-15: Moscow hosts a "Scientific Session on Leninism and Problems
of the World Labor Movement,' convened "in connection with the 30th anni-
versary of the death of Antonio Gramsci, founder of the Italian CP."
TASS claims "attendance by Marxists from more than 50 countries.` Sketchy
published reporting does not clarify the difference between this and the
March 28-31 "Scientific Conference" reported above, but this appears to be
smaller, including only committed "Soviet-liners" who thoroughly denounce
the Chinese.
April 13: A major article in N. Korean Party theoretical journal KULLOJA
congratulates the Japanese CP for "firmly adhering to an independent stand
based on the principles of M-L, frustrating the divisive, subversive ma-?
chinations of the revisionists, dogmatists, flunkeyists, and sectarian
elements."
April 13.1+: The Rumanian CP sends high-level delegations to Prague and
Budapest: published reports only mention a "'friendly exchange of views,"
but speculation is that the Rumanians convey their reasons for not coming
to the Karlovy Vary conference (see below).
April 11+: The Hungarian Govt gets a new Premier Jenoe Fock, and President,
Paul Losonczi, with a promise of "a complete change in the management of
economic affairs."
Belgrade announces completion of the party's draft theses on reorga-
nization which would have the party separate itself from the state, "demo-
cratize" the party structure, and become a guiding rather than commanding
force, with a goal of "social self-management" of Yugoslav society.
PRAVDA, IZVESTIYA, KRASNAYA ZVEZDA (Red Star), and Radio Moscow all
carry different materials criticizing various aspects of Chinese develop-
ments.
April 15: PEOPLE'S DAILY carries a long article denouncing Mobutu
(President of the Congo-Kinshasa) as an "'American lackey and neocolonialist
swindler" -- and the Soviet revisionists for colluding with the Americans.
April 16: The Dutch Govt ells the Soviet chief of the local Aeroflot
office, Vladimir Clukhov, as "a danger to the national security-;f the
state." Public Prosecutor Kolkert tells a press conference that G. is a
I'spy of some importance" but that it would have been difficult to prove
his guilt at a trial.
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NCNA publicizes a CCP CC message to the (pro-Chinese dissident) CP
of Belgium "lodging a vigorous protest against the fascist outrage committed
by the _Belgzian authorities" who arrested Grippa and other comrades during
an anti--U.S. demonstration on April 8.
April 17: Radio Tirana broadcasts in Polish an appeal from the "Provisional
CC of the Polish CP to the comrades of the security organs and citizens
militia." After a savage denunciation of the "Gomulkaite revisionists and
their allied Zionist Israeli agency within the Party leadership," followed
by a tribute to "the principled stand of Feliks Dzierzynsk(founder of
the Soviet Cheka), it appeals for "major participation in the struggle....
Isolate the upstarts and reactionaries in your own ranks. Sabotage the
orders to persecute Communists. Damage the listening apparatus.... Mis-
lead the investigations against activists...." (Etc.)
April 17-21: A top-level Zhivkov-led Bulgarian delegation visits Rumania:
the communique records only ''exchange of opinions" and makes rather non-
committal references to views leaning somewhat to the Rumanian side.
April 17-22: The East German ruling party (SED, Socialist Unity of Germany)
holds its 7th Congress in Berlin, with Brezhnev one of the few top CP
leaders attending as guest: it results in no apparent changes in personnel
or policies. In an April 12 open letter, West German Chancellor Kissinger
proposed for SED consideration a 16-point program for improvements in
relations, and an April 13 open letter by the West German SPD, signed by
party chairman and Vice Chancellor Brandt, urged favorable consideration
of the Kissinger proposals: SED boss U1 icht reiects them in his 4-hour
opening speech, substituting a demand for a meeting between Kiesinger and
E. Ger. Premier Stoph to negotiate E. German demands for border guarantees,
etc., and reiterating that "unification" is impossible until West Germany
undergoes a "democratic" transofrmation. Brezhnev's 1-hour speech condemns
China as well as the U.S. and presses the case for a world party conference,
''placed on the agenda by developments themselves." Most speakers endorse
the meeting,but Rumania expresses opposition and the N. Korean and Yugoslav
ignore the subject. China, Albania, and Cuba are not represented.
April 18: The most distinguished West German daily newspaper, FRANKFURTER
ALLGEMEINE, publishes 8,000-word''Excerpts from a confidential SED letter
circulated among SED organizations," a detailed exposition of the party's
criticism of Chinese developments.
The CPSU publishes its annual `May Day Slogans": most interesting
changes include the dropping of reference to the documents of the 1957 and.
1960 Moscow multi-party meetings and a slight downgrading of terminology
in the greetings to Cuba (from '`heroic'` to "working people") and Indonesia
(from `ardent" to "friendly greetings").
April 19: The Belgian Govt expels the Brussels TASS correspondent for
"endangering the security of the state."
(WCA Chrono Cont.)
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The Belgrade District Court sentences MMihajlo MihaJlov to "four and a
half years of rigorous imprisonment for the criminal act of hostile propa-
ganda," plus an additional four years exclusion from public activity.
A PEOPLE'S DAILY commentary on the "persecution of Bolivian Communists
by the Bolivian pro-U.S. traitorous regime' calls on the people of Bolivia,
Latin America, and the world to `rise up to oppose the U.S. imperialists
and their lackeys' suppression of the PCB, to compel them to lift their
ban on the Party, and free the Party's leader Oscar Zamora."
April 20: ComChina's senior scholar, Kuo Mo-jo (who groveled in abject
self-criticism. at the outset of the CR, see #1, April 14, 1966), resigns
from the Lenin Peace Prize Award Committee on the eve of April 20 Moscow
meeting.
April 21-22: Cambodian leader Sihanouk on the 21st roundly denounces Khmer
(Cambodian Communists, saying that they oppose aid from the U.S. and its
friends in order to damage the Cambodian economy, to make the land "barren
and infertile," because "once there was famine they could incite the people
to revolt." He adds:
"The Khmer Reds of Battambang have insulted me to the limit.
They say: 'That fellow Sihanouk knows nothing. He can do nothing.
He has three testicles.' I beg the venerables and compatriots to
beware of this. If they are true patriots and if they are men of
honor who have an ideal, why do they speak about testicles instead
of other things?..."
Next day he calls on the government to call before a military tribunal
the "Khmer Red elements who revolted and massacred those not their parti-
sans."
April 21: Stalin's daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva, arrives in the U.S.
"to seek the self-expression that has been denied me for so long in Russia."
It is revealed that she has given an American publisher an 80,000-word
autobiography which she had written in 1963 and sent.or taken to India
last year.
April 22: Lenin's birthday is marked by Communist parties and governments
in more or less routine fashion: in Moscow, it is on a lower key than
usual, with only the lower half of the Politburo assembled to hear Kirilenko
speak, -- following and quoting from recent Brezhnev speeches.
A rim l 24.226: The Karlovy Var' (Czechoslovakia) conference of European CPs
on European security lasts only 3 days instead of the scheduled 4: prelim-
inary reporting indicates that there were no deadlocks or difficulties to
casue a premature close, but that all was so pat that there may have been
nothing more to say, -- even though half of the 24 delegations present
apparently did not contribute to the speech-making. Conspicuous by their
absence are the Rumanian and Yugoslav parties, who declined on the gounds
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that security is a matter for government negotiations and not for party
meetings and they do not want to engage in ideological discussions at such
a forum. Also misssinE are the Albanians, Dutch, Norwegians, Icelanders,
and Swedish, -- though the latter reportedly sent an observer. Featured
speaker Brezhnev condemns Chinese policies but acknowledges that this
subject is not on the agenda: he mainly stays on. safe ground with non-
controversial issues, including the new demand that the U.S. 6th Fleet
get out of the Mediterranean. The final resolutions "routinely' oppose
U.S. aggression, West German militarism, ask for the dissolution of
NATO (keeping silent about the Warsaw pact), and call for a conference of
European governments to discuss mutual protection and security.
The following item should be inserted on p. 5 after the paragraph
beginning "NCNA on the 21st...."
-- Djakarta Radio and ANTARA same day give the I. version of the Chinese
demonstration over the death of "a spy, Ning Hsiang-yu, arrested by police
on the charge that he had long been a subversive agent." The Police state
that he expressed readiness to disclose the secret Communist spy ring in
I., but then committed suicide. The violence resulted when the Chinese
"stormed the security guards." "Meanwhile, Chinese clandestine pamphlets
have been distributed claiming that Ning had been 'illegally arrested,
barbarously tortured, and put to death by the govt.'" Various I. organi-
zations and press organs are cited by Dj. Radio condemning the Chinese
actions as provocations.
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1122. SOVIETS EXPOSE CHICOM MINORITY
POLICIES IN SINKIANG
25X1C10b
SITUATION: (UNCLASSIFIED) During the period of Sino-Soviet con-
troversy before the fall of Khrushchev, one of the main bones of propa-
ganda contention between Moscow and Peking was the historic claim of
China to vas'ious Asian territories taken over by the Tsars and now ruled
by the USSR. In the more recent period of Sino-Soviet tension which has
accompanied the Cultural Revolution, relatively little overt attention
has been given to territorial questions.
In May 1966, Foreign Minister Chen Yi told Scandinavian news-
men that the Russians were thieves who had annexed 1.5 million
square kilometers of Chinese territory -- not only in the 19th
century, but since (see below). On the other hand, a Soviet
archaeologist announced in a radio talk in December 1966 that
excavations in the Amur basin proved an ancient culture had existed
there, free of Chinese influence; this was of course meant as a
refutation of Chinese claims to have inhabited these territories
from the earliest times. This is however slight treatment compared
with the polemics on the territorial question in the past. In
fact, the Soviets have shown considerable sensitivity to Western
reports that the territorial question has been revived.
There can be no doubt, nevertheless, that the Soviet leadership
is very conscious of the existence of the Chinese claims, and of
their potential future significance. China's population is believed
to have increased from approximately 600 million to approximately
750 million in the last lL years (no reliable census data exist).
The Soviet population was estimated in 1966 to be 232 million.
The USSR is the largest country in the world in land area 22.4
million square kilometers or 8.65 million square miles), and its
least populous areas are those in the East, north of China. The
Soviet lands claimed by China have at'present a population of about
6 million.
Even aside from the annexations of the Tsars, which include
the territories northeast of Manchuria, and lands in Central Asia,
the Chinese have serious territorial grievances against the Soviets.
One of the Soviet areas bordering (and once constituting part of)
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(1122 Cont.)
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Mongolia was annexed as recently as 1944; this is the Tu.va Autono-
mous Soviet Socialist Republic, formerly known as Tannu Tuva. The
Mongolian People's Republic itself was officially a Chinese province
(Outer Mongolia) from 1686 to 1911, though Soviet influence is now
dominant there. In the 1930's and prior to the end of World War II,
Soviet influence prevailed in Sinkiang, in Western China. In the
later period, around 1944-45, the Soviets were allied with Moslem
rebels opposing Chinese authority. With Soviet weapons and air-
craft, the rebels at one time set up an "East Turkestan Republic,"
though later, in the 1950's, the Soviets seemed to have conceded the
area to China.
The striking development in current polemics --- at least in regard
to the Sino-Soviet border -- has been a Soviet propaganda campaign on
the mistreatment of minorities in China, especially the Moslem minority
in Sinkiang. Broadcasts from Tashkent in Uighur (the principal language
of Sinkiang Moslems) beamed specifically at Sinkiang have been doubled
since January 1st. Aside from glowing descriptions of conditions in
the USSR and statements of solidarity with the people of Vietnam, these
programs carry reports of attacks by Western Communists on Mao and accu-
sations that the Maoist leadership is disloyal to the Chinese people.
(This type of broadcast is also a staple of "Radio Peace and Progress,"
Moscow's "unofficial" radio which added broadcasts in Mandarin to China
to its regular programs on 1 March 1967.) Moreover, the Uighur broad-
casts issue reports of minority resistance to the Cultural Revolution;
on 28 January, for example, a Soviet broadcast told of bloody clashes
in Sinkiang resulting in over a hundred deaths and claimed that the
Uighurs' and Kazakhs, "the real inhabitants of Sinkiang, "had long been
persecuted by the Peking government. On 13 February, a refugee from
Sinkiang compared Maoist oppression with the delights of life in the
Soviet Union, and on 23 February another refugee, now a member of the
Kazakh Academy of Sciences, condemned Chicom repression of minorities in
Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Sinkiang.
Moscow has also spread propaganda on Chinese minorities to its own
people and to audiences, especially Moslem ones, elsewhere. On 25 Jan-
uary, LITERATURNAYA GAZETA carried an extensive article, largely made
up of alleged eyewitness reports. (See attachment) A commentary in
IZVESTIYA on 1 April, by Aleksandr Dymkov, asserted that "the Maoists
have proclaimed the assimilation of non-Han peoples to be their aim."
Broadcasts to Arabs in Arabic, to Africa in English,-to Cuba in. Spanish,
to Finland in Finnish, to Albania in Albanian (the Albanians are two-thirds
Moslem), and even to China in Mandarin ("Radio Peace and Progress")
have reported minority resistance or attacked-Mao's treatment of minority
religions and nationalities. On 5 April, LITERATURNAYA GAZETA (in an
item reported by TASS International Service in English) asserted:
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(1122 Cont.
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It . it is not Communism that interests the Peking dictator. He
is. thinking of quite different things: for him, Communist ideas
are merely a cover for a plan for the establishment under his hege-
mony of something like a new racialist Reich in Asia and even
beyond it."
This last quotation further points up a theme which is often stated
or implied. This is that, with their enormous population, the Han
(ethnic) Chinese are in a position to submerge national minorities with
a flood of immigrants, leaving the minorities a mere splinter, progres-
sively assimiliated by the Chinese hordes. Soviet (and Indian) reports
on Tibet and Sinkiang claim that indigenous women are forced to marry
Chinese males; their children will be raised as Chinese. In Sinkiang,
the population (according to Western estimate) has been doubled by an
estimated 3 million immigrants from Eastern China. Settlement reportedly
began in 1950 when an estimated 20,000 Chinese troops stationed in Sinkiang
volunteered to stay. Campaigns are conducted to recruit intellectual
youth to "Go West," similar in some respects to Khrushchev's and
Shelepin's'Virgin Land settlement campaigns in the 1950's -- one aim of
which may also have been to make Kazakhstan more securely Soviet. The
Sinkiang-Uighur Autonomous Region capital, Urumchi, is now reported to
have, become largely a Chinese city. Some of the scientific weapons
projects conducted in Northewest China have also brought an influx of
Chinese -- while possibly increasing Soviet interest in the area.
Reports of Chinese broadcasts tend if anything to confirm the Soviet
accusations. While the Chinese have lately accused the Indians of
stirring up the Tibetans to revolt, they have made no direct replies to
the Soviet propaganda on minorities. Maoist broadcasts from Urumchi
are in Mandarin and are obviously aimed at Chinese settlers; they refer
scathingly to "local nationalist elements," to "remnants of feudalism,"
or to "monsters and freaks in society" -- if they refer to the minorities
at all.
Obviously there has been a very unstable situation in Sinkiang in
recent months. A Peking wall newspaper stated on 31 January that there
was to be "an immediate cease-fire and withdrawal of armed troops" and
that "the masses are not allowed to fire on the reactionary organizations."
It seems highly probable that minority groups have participated in the
revolt, and they certainly have been encouraged by propaganda from the
USSR, if not in more material ways as well. It has been reported (by
Agence France Presse) that on 27 January Mao ordered that "the state of
preparedness for war should be consolidated" in areas bordering on the
USSR, and (by Prague radio) that on 5 February Chen Yi declared that war
with the USSR was possible. Prague radio has reported that, at the behest
of the CCP Central Committee, the Chinese Army took over radio and press
in Urumchi in order to limit strife arising from the Cultural Revolution
and normalize the situation. Unfortunately, it is difficult to get reports
from reliable and disinterested sources on any area in China, and parti-
cularly on Sinkiang.
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While immersion (forcible assimilation) policies are only partly
executed in Sinkiang and Tibet, the pattern in Inner Mongolia shows
what is in store. There nomadic Buddhist Mongols :Lived until recently
as they did under the great Khans. The Chinese have tried to make polit-
ical profit out of pan-Mongolism, currying favor with Mongols both, in
Inner Monglia and in the Mongolian People's Republic by honoring Genghis
Khan, a figure whom the Soviets are forced by their whole tradition
to oppose. But Han colonization in Inner Mongolia has taken place to
such a degree that the Inner Mongolians, still one third of the popula-
tion in 1950, are now outnumbered there by about 10 to 1, and it is this
above all which keeps: the MPR firmly aligned on the Soviet side.
Manchuria, now the Ruhr of China and a firmly Han area with some 40
million inhabitants, was closed to Chinese settlement until .1878; in
staging the Mukden incident in 1931 and establishing a puppet state in
1932, the Japanese were, among other things, trying to put a stop to
the progressive Sinification of the area. It has been said that China's
real secret weapon is its population. (End UNCLASSIFIED)
It is hard to fathom Soviet :intentions in their propaganda campaign.
Possibly one aim has been to bring pressure on Peking to cease other
complaints by reminding the Chicoms that under present conditions, the
USSR has a military capability to annex Sinkiang and other Chinese border
areas. But Soviet propaganda also seems to reflect a genuine Soviet
concern over the long-term prospects for underpopulated territories near
China.. Such concerns could well be shared. by other nations bordering
on or near to the CPR.
25X1C10b
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w - n r T
(1122 Cont.)
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 Approved For Release 2000/08/27: LlA-RDP78-03061A00040oodbde)3-b967
1123. MOSCOW-CONTROLLED INTERNATIONAL STUDENT CONGRESS
25X1C10b
SITUATION: The International Union of Students (IUS) held its 9th
Congress March 26 - April 6, in Ulan Bator, Mongolia. Although the
meeting attracted over 80 national unions of students and generally in the
last analysis backed the Soviet line, the Soviets and Eastern Europeans
who finance the IUS had to permit some debate, and they faced serious
divisions within the organization. The recent disclosure of CIA funding
of the American student organization, USNSA, and accusations that the non-
Communist International Student Conference (ISC) was CIA-infiltrated and
supported, caused considerable confusion and some conflict. The Soviet-
dominated IUS Executive Committee has pursued, over the protests of the
hard-line Chinese and Cuban sympathizers, a "united front" tactic aimed
at bringing Communist and non-Communist student groups together under
Soviet leadership. These tactics have involved periodic propaganda calls
for "world student unity" with the ISC. Although China and Albania refus-
ed to attend the Congress eking did not even comment on it),saving the
IUS from becoming the subject of another bitter Sino-Soviet wrangle, new
trouble developed from the Latin American affiliates.
The Cuban B&e-Noire. In July 1966, Cuba emerged as the new militant
challenger within the IUS, when it successfully manipulated the 4th Latin
American Student Congress (CLAE) -- which the IUS had helped set up --
into voting to establish a permanent Continental Latin American Students'
Organization (OCLAE) with headquarters in Havana. Cuba has since been
disappointed by the meager support forthcoming from the IUS for the CLAE
organization, while the IUS organization, for its part, has resisted all
pressures towards greater regional autonomy. Cuba has been further incens-
ed by continuing Soviet feelers towardq the Chilean Students Federation
(UFUCH), which boycotted the 4th C4A.4. UFUCH, which is dominated by the
Christian Democrats, is a member of both the IUS and the ISC, and is a
major rival to Cuba for influence over Latin American students.
Walk-Out from Prague Executive Committee Meeting. When the IUS Execu-
tive Committee met in Prague, March 13-17, to prepare an agenda and report
for presentation to the Congress a fortnight later,allegations. of CIA
funding of the ISC dominated its discussions, taking precedence overiall
other issues, including the war in Vietnam. The Cubans and their support-
ers urged that all members of IUS who refused to break off ties with ISC
should be expelled from IUS. The Soviet_lining majority, however, pushed
through a resolution calling only for members of the ISC to "reconsider"
their affiliation. The Cubans also used the CIA issue to demand expulsion
of UFUCH from IUS on grounds that it was an agent of CIA. The Cuban pro-
posal was defeated, but did receive considerable support: 13 for the
Cuban resolution; 17 against; 6 abstentions; and 3 refusing to participate
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in the vote. Voting with the Cubans were the Dominican Republic, Venez-
uela, Puerto Rico, Guyana, French Guiana, Ecuador, Haiti, Brazil, Guade-
loupe, Ceylon, India and North Vietnam. The Cubans then walked out, tak-
ing with them six of the other Latin American delegations and North Viet-
nam.
Repeat Walk-Out at Congress. The convening of the Congress in
Mongolia, an Asian nation following the Soviet line, was expected to.demon-
strate harmony in the IUS under Soviet leadership; however, soon after the
Congress opened it became apparent that the IUS was deeply split, not only
between Cuban and Soviet supporters, but into a number of antagonistic
blocs. A Latin American proposal against UFUCH was presented and when it
was defeated Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Ecuador, Puerto Rico,
Guyana, Haiti, Brazil, and Guadeloupe walked out of the Congress. A
statement on the walk-out was issued by the Latin Americans in Praguia. (See
unclassified attachment).
What Relationship with ISC? Many of the delegates felt that IUS
members should sever all ties with the ISC, but as in Prague, the Soviet-
dominated leadership was able to bring to a successfu:L vote a mild resolu-
tion urging IUS members who have dual membership to reconsider their ISC
affiliations for review,by the next IUS Executive Committee meeting. The
resolution also condemned. the past and present officers of the U.S. Nation-
al Student Association and urged IUS members to break relations with USNSA
until that organization adopts "more progressive policies." In debates
on the issue, the Soviets took the position that it had been known al.l
along that the leaders of ISC were agents of U.S. imperialism, but a line
must be drawn between the leaders who have compromised themselves and. pro-
gressive elements within the ISC. K:OMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA echoed this argu-
ment in an article on the IUS Congress, adding that the growing influence
of IUS angers reactionary leaders of the ISC and Chinese splitters.
Vietnam. The IUS President, Zybynek Vokreuhiicky, a Czech, dwelt
heavily on the war in Vietnam when he presented. the Executive Committee's
report to the Congress (see unclassified attachment). He called for un-
conditional cessation of U.S. bombing and recognition of the National
Liberation Front of South Vietnam as sole representative of the South
Vietnamese people. A representative from the World Peace Council (WPC)
addressed the Congress on the war in Vietnam (see unclassified attachment),
saying Washington has rejected peaceful negotiations in order to gain a
military solution to the Vietnam problem. He drew a parallel between
the danger posed by the war in Vietnam and the bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. The Congress sent a telegram to President Johnson demanding
immediate and unconditional end. to bombing and military operations in
Vietnam., withdrawal of troops, and recognition of the NFLSV as sole re-
presentative of South Vietnam. A telegram of solidarity was sent to Ho
Chi Minh.
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"'""'* (1123 Cont.)
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Organization and Membership. The Congress reelected Vokrouhlicky
president. Representatives from 23 member organizations were elected to
the secretariat and delegates from 47 organizations were elected to the
executive committee; this represents an(expansion of both headquarters
groups from 21 and 21 members respectively. Although the IUS leadership
expanded its headquarters personnel, it resisted making changes in the
organizational structure. Any change in organization would bring to the
fore repeated demands from some members for greater regional autonomy.
A proposal by the French National Student Union to set up a commission to
reappraise the basic structure of IUS, was defeated, reportedly by only
one vote, and caused considerable ill-feeling.
The IUS membership now includes national student organizations from
86 countries. Admission of new members was one of the points on the agenda.
Yugoslavia's application to change ip status from observer to associate
member, which was approved, had been considered a possible source of serious
controversy, but only the North Koreans and North and South Vietnamese
voted against it. Student unions from Uruguay, Ireland, and Quebec (French-
Canadian Separatists) also became associate members. Application by the
Canadian Union of Students for associate membership was postponed. Full
membership was granted to student unions from Spain, Morocco, Lebanon, and
Iran. The application of the Israeli student union for observer status
caused a major dispute in the credentials committee: it recommended, and
the Congress accepted, granting Israel visitor status, some Arab delegations
refusing to participate in the vote. The Federation of Costa Rican Univer-
sity Students was denied associate membership on the allegation that it was
created by CIA; it was seated as an observer, however. The African Student
Association (South Africa) was also granted observer status. Two rival
delegations from Ghana showed up at the meeting. Although all the English-
speaking African delegates, with the exception of Tanzania, supported the
delegation favoring the current government, the pro-Nkrumah group was re-
seated on a general vote.
Reportedly, the IUS plans to publish a new quarterly in French, English,
and Spanish, under the title DEMOCRAIZATION OF EDUCATION.
Other Issues. European delegates gave attention to the need for
student activities in support of European security and spoke out against
the growing danger of neo-Nazism in West Germany and its dangerous influ-
ence on students. The resolution on European security touched off a
debate in which Rumania and Yugoslavia argued for an IUS position against
any intervention by one state in the affairs of another. The Arab and
Latin American delegations took violent exception to this position, arguing
that while "reactionary intervention" is bad, "progressive intervention"
(i.e., on the side of revolutionaries) is not only good, but to be encour-
aged. This position eventually won the day, and the Rumanian proposal was
rejected.
In general, it is interesting that the Cubans were unable to muster
substantial support from the African delegations. The Soviets had been
concerned about recent Cuban activities (e:.g.,travel of AALAPSO delegations)
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(1123 Cont.)
 Approved For Release 20 IA-RDP78-03061A000400060003-0
in Africa, but TASS reported that speakers from Algeria, Angola, and .Congo
Brazzaville affirmed support for past policies of the IUS. The West
African Students Union, which was sharply attacked for deviations by the
Latin Americans in the 1966 IUS Executive Committee meeting, was dropped
from the Secretariat but permitted to take its place as a full member of
the Congress.
Divisions Remain. Although the IUS leadership had anticipated the
possibility of a Latin American walk-out, it was unable to prevent it from
happening. Now the IUS is faced with the possibility of an entirely
separate Latin American student organization led by the Cubans, with. the
additional possibility that Chinese backing may be involved.
At times, the Soviets reportedly appeared nearly to lose control of
the IUS Congress, especially in the debate on the ISC and on the French
motion for structural reform. The confusion said factional division may
have weakened the Soviet thrust to discredit the ISC after the allegations
of CIA financing. However, the Soviets maintained relatively firm control
over the Secretariat, and can be expected to renew their united front
offensive after allowing the passions aroused at the Congress to cool. The
basic Soviet strategy of the last several years -- to Extend communist in-
fluence over non-Communist and non-aligned student groups -- remains un-
changed.
25X1C10b
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 Approved For Release 200010812T: 78-03061A00040006OOO -0196?
1124 EUR,FE. INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RESISTANCE
FIGHTERS: A European-oriented Communist
Front Joins the Vietnam Propaganda Campaign
25X1C10b
SITUATION: (UNCLASSIFIED) The International Federation of Resis-
tance Fighters (FIR), a Communist front group little known outside of
Europei and Israel, was established at a congress in Vienna in June 1951
organized by its predecessor, the International Federation of Former
Political Prisoners of Fascism (FIAPP); the FIAPP had been set up in
Paris in 1947 without participation of resistance fighters. For the
first year of its existence the FIR had its headquarters in Warsaw, and
then it moved to Vienna (where it is still headquartered) and also set
up a small secretariat in Paris.
The Congress, the major body of the FIR,:is supposed to meet every
three years and has actually been convened in June 1951, November 1954,
November 1958, March 1959, December 1962, and December 1965; the first
four sessions were held in Vienna and the latter two in Warsaw and Buda-
pest. (See attached unclassified clipping from the January-February
1966 issue of the FIR monthly magazine for the list of officials elected
at the 1965 Congress in Budapest.) The General Council, comprising
Bureau members and members nominated by National Association*, is sup-
posed to meet at least once a year between meetings of the Congress.
The Bureau (see below for a report on its April 1967 meeting) conducts
the day-to-day business of the FIR; there are also a Secretariat and
Financial Control, Historical, Medical, Legal, and Social Commissions.
Full membership is open to organizations of former Partisans,
Resistance fighters, political prisoners, and victims of Nazism or
Fascism. There is also an associate membership for organizations and
an affiliated membership for individuals, both carrying consultative
status only. Including these various gradations of membership a total
enrollment of 10 million has been claimed in the past by the FIR (in
1959 it was claimed that full membership was 4 million, but quite
obviously death and old age have taken their toll of World War II parti-
cipants in the past 8 years), drawn from 44 organizations in 19 European
countries and Israel; the FIR claimed that at its Budapest Congress in
1965 there were 175 delegates and 98 observers from 23 countries and
68 organizations.
The FIR has close relations with two other major Communist fronts,
the World Peace Council (WPC) and the International Association of
Democratic Lawyers (IADL). Its stated aims are to keep alive the memory
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of those who died fighting Fascism underground, to protect the :rights
of those who survived, to prevent the reemergence of Nazism or Fascism,
and to insure world peace. Like the other Communist fronts around the
world, it has recently joined in the Moscow-orchestrated. campaign to
den grate U.S. policies in Vietnam.
A three-day session of the FIR Bureau ended in Prague 9 April :L967.
Over `50 delegates from 20 European countries and Israel discussed,
according to a Czechoslovak News Agency dispatch that day, "further co-
operation in strengthening peace in Europe and how to counter Neo-Fascism
in various countries of the world." What the FIR now considers mani-
festations of Neo-Fascism around the world can be seen in the resolu-
tion submitted by the Polish delegation at the Prague meeting and sum-
marized by the Polish News Agency on 11 April:
"The FIR joins the worldz,ide cc~tr ai;Zn demanding the cessation
of air raids on the RV,, the withdrawal of U.S. troops from South
Vietnam, and the recognition of the rig t of the Vietnamese ec
to self-determination, so that peace negoti'ati'ons may sta:zueen
the belligerent parties. The FIR also in so-ari th the
struggle of the Spanish people for their rights and with the actions
of the Greek people to oppose the threat of dictatorship and to
guarantee constitutional and democratic liberties.
"The FIR Bureau declares that peace in Europe depends now
primarily on the development of the political situation in the
German Federal Republic. The influence which the neo-Nazi party
(NPD) has won in the German Federal Republic proves that the possi-
bility of the German state being again ruled by forces as aggres-
sive and inhuman as those which acted in Germany from 1933--1945,
cannot be ruled out. Neither can we underestimate the fact that
the present German Federal Republic Government, by rejecting any
international control over its atomic industry, justifies the leaps
that the West German Government may consider the exploitation of
this industry for military purposes.
"We have to state in particular that despite certain formal
changes in its foreign policy, the German Federal Republic Govern-
ment maintains the stand of previous West German governments:
1) when it refuses to recognize the present frontiers and partic-
uZarly the Oder-Neisse frontier; and 2) when it refuses to recog-
nize the existence of the second German state and claims the right
to represent all of Germany."
Resistance associations in the East European Satellite-countries
affiliated with the FIR (in its consistent support of Soviet foreign
policy the FIR has only collaborated with Resistance associations under
Communist control, not with groups organized on a national non-party
basis in non-Communist countries) have also become act.ve in the campaign
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of attacking the United States and other Free World nations in regard
to their policies on Vietnam. Since. the Bonn Government has always been
the chief target of the FIR, West German efforts in Vietnam have become
a natural area for Soviet and East European propagandists to attack. A
recent example of how the Communist Resistance groups are expanding
their interests to Vietnam, while keeping West Germany as the center of
attention for the European audience, is contained in this Polish News
Agency dispatch on 19 April:
"A meeting of representatives-of former Resistance movement
fighters and former prisoners of Nazi camps from Austria, Bulgaria,
Czechoslovakia, France, Israel, Yugoslavia, the GDR, Rumania, Italy,
the Soviet Union, and Poland took place in Warsaw 18 April. Prob-
lems of the unity of all combatant organizations in the.struggle
against imperialism, the reviving West German militarism, and the
threat of a new world war were discussed during the meeting. The
participants in the meeting adopted ,a resolution which reads in
part:
"Nepresentatives of national resistance movement organizations,
who participated in the unveiling of the international monument at
Oswiecim,* are determined to join their efforts in the struggle:
1.) for a detente in the world and peaceful coexistence of all
peoples; 2) dgainst the production of nuclear weapons and the
destruction Of the stockpiles of these weapons; 3) for general
disarmament which should be the basis for the liquidation of mili-
tary blocs; and 4) for immediate cessation of U.S. air raids on
Vietnam and making peace in Vietnam according to the 1954 Geneva
agreements.
"We are determined to unite and mobilize all people of good
will in the struggle against the application of the statute of
limitations to Nazi crimes and for the punishment of war criminals.
In the name of the unity of former resistance movement fighters
and in the name of the common aims which linked them in their
struggle against nazism, we appeal for an intensified struggle
against the reviving Nazi and fascist forces and for mobilizing in
this struggle broad masses of the population and public opinion.
All neofascistorganizations, primarily the NPD and the militaristic
organizations in West Germany, should be dissolved."
East European Resistance fighters are also being exploited to
propagandize another Communist line on Germany: the campaign to solicit
diplomatic recognition of East Germany. The West Berlin independent
DER TAGESSPIEGEL reported on 23 December 1966 the East German Communist
Party Politburo had decided to send several groups of Resistance fighters
to about 30 neutral countries in early 1967. The paper stated:
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 Approved For Release 200 -RDP78-03061A00040006000$-0
"These groups, made up oFf 2 to 5 persons each, will take along
documents to these countries on the part the Corrmunists played in
the anti-Hitler resistance, as well as documents on the alleged
Neo-Nazi danger in West Germany and the persecution of peaceful
elements by the Bonn judiciary. Public meetings are to be ore7a-
nized with local Communist parties or their front organizations.
The East Zone regime is supposed to be already in contact with
governments in India, Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma, Guinea, Tanzania,
and Colombia in regard to entrance permits."
The FIR, as the coordinator of the activities of the various national
Resistance groups, has organized several international meetings in
recent years in West Europe, frequently in. conjunction with the IADL.
It also sustains interest in its activities by means of several publica-
tions: a monthly magazine in French (RESISTANCE UNIE) and in German
;DER WIDERSTANDSKAEMPFER); a twice monthly mimeographed Information
Bulletin; and special pamphlets (such as the one published in. December
1966 on the 20th anniversary of the Nuremberg Trials, dealing with past
history and today's "revival of Neo-Nazism and revanchism especially in
West Germany").
An FIR Bureau meeting held in Vienna 10-?11 December 1966 discussed,
according to the Austrian CP daily VOLKSST:IME, the growth of Neo-Nazism
and passed a resolution on Vietnam. Although the text of the resolu-
tion was not reported, its contents were presumably similar to the
letter of protest which the FIR sent to President Johnson last summer
(see the attached reproduction of the masthead and lead item in the
26 August 1966 issue of the FIR Information Bulletin). (END UNCLASSIFIED)
25X1C10b
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"In some carps the criminals had got themse Ives the top jobs,
but in Buchenwald the Communists had established themselves as
masters. They were in a majority there in its early days, and had
used their positions in the camp athiinistrative offices, kitchens
and hospitals to promote the interests of their own group... How
easy it was to become unwittingly involved in the rivalry between
the Communists and other political parties, since the Communists
and their allies had always to struggle to maintain political
supremacy and the power over life and death within the camp."
25X1C10b
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25X1C10b
REFERE$CES
Margarete Buber, UNDER TWO DICTATORS, Dodd Mead & Co., New York (A
story about this member of the German Communist Party from 1921
to 1932 who subsequently went to the USSR with her husband Heinz
Neumann; both were later arrested and placed in Soviet prison
camps, and in 1940 Margarete was handed over by the Communists
to the Gestapo who placed her in the notorious Ravensbrueck
concentration camp. The vivid details of her experiences at
the hands of both the Russian and German secret police can be
cited to show how the Soviets and the Nazis were equally
perfidious in their treatment of prisoners during the war.)
COMMUNIST-NAZI RELATIONS: THE MYTH OF COMMUNIST ANTI-FASCIST
RESISTANCE IN WORLD WAR II(175-page unclassified book with
4-page bibliography)
WORLD WAR II: HISTORICAL FACTS VS. COMMUNIST MYTHS (93-page
unclassified booklet with s-page bibliography)
PROPAGANDA NOTE #8 (B), 14 July 1964, "Soviet-Nazi Military Colla-
boration" (with 10-page unclassified attachment)
(NOTE: Copies of the latter three may be obtained by request from
Headquarters.)
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 Approved For Release 2000/08/27 : CIA-RDP78-03061A000400060003-0
Public Law 90-5
90th Congress, S. 665
March 16, 1967
an act
To authorize appropriations during the fiscal year 1967 for procurement of
aircraft, missiles, and tracked combat vehicles, and research, development,
test, evaluation, and military construction for the Armed Forces, and for other
purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repreaentative8 of the
('nited Staten of .4 merits in Congreaa assembled,
TITLE I-PROCUREMENT
SEC. 101. In addition to the funds authorized to be appropriated
iulder Public Law 89-501, there is hereby authorized to be appropri-
ated during the fiscal year 1967 for the use of the Armed Forces of the
United States for procurement of aircraft, missiles, and tracked com-
bat vehicles in amounts as follows:
Armed Foroee.
Supplemental ap-
propriation au-
tho ri zation, 19 6 7.
80 Stat. 275.
For aircraft: for the Army, $533,100,000; for the Navy and the
Marine Corps, $1,784,300,000; for the Air Force, $1,303,000,000.
Missiles
For missiles: for the Army $6,100,000; for the Navy, $48,700,000;
for the Marine Corps, $2,100,000; for the Air Force, $45,000,000.
Tracked Combat Vehicles
For tracked combat vehicles: for the Army, $62,200,000; for the
Marine Corps, $4,200,000.
TITLE II-RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, TEST, AND
EVALUATION
SEC. 201. In addition to the funds authorized to be appropriated
under Public Law 89-501, there is hereby authorized to be appropri-
ated during the fiscal year 1967 for the use of the Armed Forces of the
United States for research, development, test, and evaluation, as
authorized by law, in amounts as follows:
For the Army, $40,000,000;
For the Navy (including the Marine Corps), $40,000,000;
For the Air Force, $33,000,000; and
For Defense Agencies, $22,000,000.
TITLE III-MILITARY CONSTRUCTION
SEC. :i01. The Secretary of each military department may establish
or develop military installations and facilities by acquiring, construct-
in &, converting, rehabilitating, or installing permanent or-temporary
public works, including land acquisition, site preparation, appurte-
nances, utilities, and equipment, which are necessary in connection
with military activities in southeast. Asin, or in support, of such activi-
ties, in the total amount as follows:
Department of the Army, $288,500,u00;
Department of the Navy, $140,000,000; and
Department of the Air Force, $196,000,000.
-SEC. 302. The Secretary of each military department may proceed
to establish or develop installations and facilities tinder this Act with-
Development of
fao111ties for
southeast Asia.
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Pub. Law 90-5 - 2 - March 16, 1967
out regard to section 3648 of the Revised Statutes as amended (31
U.S.C. 29) and sections 4774(d) and 9774(d) of title 10, United
70A Stat. 269, States Code. The authority to place permanent or temporary
590. improvements on land includes authority for surveys, administration,
overhead, planning, and supervision incident. tc construction. That,
authority may be exercised before title to the land is approved under
section 355 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (40 U.S.C. 255), and.
even though the land is held temporarily. The authority to acquire
real estate or land includes authority to make surveys and to acquire
land, and interests in land (including temporary use), by gift, pur-
chase, exchange of Government-owned land, or otherwise.
Limitations. SEC. 303. There are authorized to be npproprinted such sums as may
he necessary for the purposes of this title, but the appropriations for
public works authorized by section 301 shall not exceed: Department
of the Army, $288,500,000; Department of the Navy, $140,000,000;
Department of the Air Force, $196,0001000, or a total of $624,500,000.
Contraots, eom- SEC. 304. The Secretary of Defense is hereby directed that insofar
petitive bids. as practicable all contracts shall be formally advertised and awarded
on a competitive bid basis to the lowest responsible bidders.
TITLE IV-STATEMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL POLICY
SEC. 401. The Congress hereby declares-
(1) its firm intentions to provide all necessary support for
members of the Armed Forces of the Unified States fighting in
Vietnam ;
(2) its support of efforts being made by the President of the
United States and other men of hood will throughout the world
to prevent an expansion of the war in Vietnam and to bring that
conflict to an end through a negotiated settlement which will pre-
serve the honor of the United &'tates, protect the vital interests of
this country, and allow the people of South Vietnam to determine
the affairs of that nation in their own way; and
(3) its support for the convening of th6 nations that partici-
pated in the Geneva Conferences or any other meeting of nations
similarly involved and interested as soon ms possible for the pur-
poso of pursuing the general principles of the Geneva accords of
14 UST 1104. 1954 and 1962 and for formulating plans for bringing the conflict
to an honorable conclusion.
Approved March 16, 1967.
LEGISLATIVE HISIORf:
HOUSE REPORTS$ No. 29 aooompanying H. R. 4515 (Comm. on Amied
`ervioes) and No. 73 (Corm. of Conference).
SENATE REPORT No. 50 (Comm. an Armed Services).
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 11.3 (1967):
Feb.
23,
24, 27, 289 Considered in Senate.
Mar.
li
Considered and passed Senate.
Mar.
2t
Considered and passed House, amended, in lieu of
H. R. 4515.
Mar. 89 House and Senate agreed to oonfercnoe report.
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CPYRGHT
major mess writer w o ers of the People's Republic of China. They wanted to create
met about eight years ago. In those years the "flowers" slo it through the agency of the Kazakhs, Uigurs and Kirgiz who
gan, proclaimed by the leaders of the People's Republic of lived in China. But the intelligentsia and Communists of
China, was fashionable in China, as we know, and Chinese del Sinkiang would have no part of this falsification.
egates at international conferences did all they could to popu- Then representatives from Peking declared: "People of
larize it. Sinkiang have two hearts: a yellow one, which is Russian, and
For example, at the meeting of Asian writers In Delhi (1965 a red one, which is Chinese. We shall trample the yellow
the head of the Chinese delegation, speaking of the "beneficial heart."
influence" of the new ideology policy on the development of th As the years went by, the life of the minority cultures of minority peoples, mentioned, among , the worse and worse. It became especially hard after the c eaW
names of Kazhykumar Shabdanov, a talented oun prose tion of the y g prwrit "people's communes."
er from Sinkiang, and Ziya Samedi, an Ulgur. On February 9, 1957, the Hsinhua correspondent Chin Yen,
That was more than ten years ago. How have events devel- a Chinese Communist, openly criticized the "people's com-
oped since? What has happened to the "hundred flowers" munes" in the newspaper Sinkiang and told about the hard life
slogan? of the Kazakhs and Uigurs, about their poverty and lack of
Let us give the floor to one whose name the Chinese delegat rights. Chin was charged with "undermining the national
at the Delhi meeting.mentioned. prestige," a warrant for his arrest was issued, but he was
*** never arrested. He hanged himself.
Ziya Samedi former Chairman of the Writers' Board of the I was removed from my job only because I was a Kazakh.
Sinkiang-Ui r utonomous District of China now a member ithout waiting for further developments, I decided to carry
o the bureau o the igur sec ion the ri ers' Union ut the cherished dream and behest of my father, who had
za s an: n hey stare sending th-e-y-o-u-n-g-Ti-gur and lied in a Chiang Kai-shek prison. I crossed the border and
z Ta h intellectuals who had displayed a natural interest in returned to the homeland of my forefathers.
the development of their native clkture, who regarded their Once I sent a parcel to friends who had remained in Sinki-
brothers in the Soviet Union with pride and affection and who ng. The food products happened to be wrapped in an old
spoke gratefully of the Soviet Union's unselfish aid to the peo- ssue of the newspaper Sotsialistik Kazakhstan. This was
ples of China, to "labor upbringing" camps. Books received nough to cause the arrest of my friends on the charge of
for national- libraries and schools from the Soviet Central ies with the Soviet Union." There is a de facto ban .on
Asian republics were burned, textbooks were destroyed, teach- peaking the native language in public places.
ers removed and the national-minority writers and poets ***
laced under "special surveillance "
THE CURRENT DIGEST
OF THE SOVIET PRESS
15 February-1967
EXILES FROM. SINKIANG ON 'HUNDRED FLOWERS' Sinkiang. The Idea of the leaders the People's Republic of
China and the Chinese Communist Party was that this "his-
THE TRAGIC HISTORY OF A SLOGAN. (By Anouar Alim- tory" was supposed to "prove" one thing, that the Uigurs, the
zhanov. Literaturnaya gazeta, No. 4, Jan. 25, p. 14. Complete Kazakhs and the Kirgiz were all really Chinese, and therefor
text:) Alma-Ata- "The slogan: 'Let all flowers bloom, let they had "one homeland" from the southernmost tip of China
all nightingales sing' not only enriches literature and culture to the Aral Sea. In other words, the purpose of the- "new his-
but also promotes the Marxist solution of the national ques- tory" was to support the great-power chauvinism of the lead-
tion." These wor s are those o a
a some In brief, the "flowers" slogan marked the beginning not of a ur bayev and Or Magomedovstormer ny mess ci zens
lossoming but of a tragedy for the culture of the national o ived n OLIMLittig .r' inorities of China, a prelude to the present "
lt
ts
cu
ural revolu- owers Slogan, he ta
~r- ion."
about-the "cu ura revolution"
4 Th f t egan.
f
..mower peas. raey chopped down all the trees by the
habdanov committed suicide. The Uigur writer Zunun Kadyri ilding, shouting that they had been planted by "revisionists."
d the Kazakh poet Aidyu-uly were also subjected to repri- hey began to demolish all the ancient mosques, and they
als. c vered their vtarm.....:?~
e a e o
the Kazakh writer Kazhykumar Shabdanov is a The "cultural revolution" began in Sinkiang in August, 1966,
ad
one. On Sept. 14 and 15, 300 hung weiping arrived from Peking. was
In its
evalua rarytcriticism,ime his
"ahby,ChTnese h aP th thing they did was destroy the building that used to
1957 he was tedenpostoitPivel
rvhY I am in Kazakhstan - -----......I -.F. Luis is
. ***
*** Abdykadyr Abdrakhmanov, former citizen of the People's
Here is evidence of another a ewitness Balkh
R public of Chi
h
as
Min a ,
na: On almost the irs day o the cul ura rev-
o my, rmer a lieutenant colonel in the China's People's Liberation 1 o tion ininkiang, I was charged with "revisionism," beaten
aduate of the central national s h 1 ? d ousted f
c
p
t
pen,'i of dth to marry inese. The
reate a "new history" of the Kazakhs, Uigurs and Kirgiz of to u r tweii,in;f ,leadcrsndc, lane that Chinese blood must predoui
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rcg ed w h t ree or ers an ive medals
o lnkow a rom my Job because I had relatives living in .u l viet Kazakhstan. I was threatened with banishment to a
Journalist: The campaign against all o t ina nCommump where they sent everyone suspected of sympathies for
Sinkiang grew more intense from day to day, and Soviet Union.
began. The ridiculous charge was made against rep- Millions of Chinese have already resettled in Sinkiang. The
eaentatives of the Kazakh national intelligentsia that they had al population is being driven from their age-old lands in
ried to create a Kazakh khanate and to unite all the Kazakhs 1, interior to lifeless deserts. forced assimilation is under-
China, Mongolia and the Soviet Union under its aegis." y. Knzaid,, Ui;ur and Kir ir.
The "khanate" lie was born after the colla
i f ICiris are taken front their
se of ff
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CPYRGHT
mate in every pct,sou's veins, I'll(, imng weiping arc drstroy-
ing everything-hooks, phonograph records, furniture, dishes,
They rut otf womens' and girls' braids and forbid the wearin,,
of national costumes.
of course, this testimony could be continued. The cyewlt-
ness accounts of the "cultural revolution" could fill many
Vofunus,
I saw hungry. ragged and exhausted people fall. on their faces
when they imsscd the border post, embrace the stones and the
bushes and kiss the ground, When Soviet officials asked them
to return to China, to Hearth and home, they went down on their
knees and begged not to be driven away: "We would rather die
here than go back!"
I saw a Kazakh mother who had come from Sinkiang raise her
emaciat, d son above her head and address Soviet people.
Sobbing, she said: "If there is no room for me on this land,
give the a place under it., bury me alive. But preserve my
son's life. Let him stay here!
This is the whole story. All there is to add is that ten years
ago an endless flow of cobutms of loardcd trucks moved Into
Sinkiang from the Kazakh Hepulrlir, as trade that was advanta-
geous both to us and to Chhm was carried on. This was a his-
torical, ate-old traditional Liv, The trade route started right
from Alma-Ata, the capital of the Kazakh ltolwhlic, and has
from timt~ imntetnoriM liven called the Kuldja route (after a
city in Sinkiang). Today the road is empty.
The historical tie has been cut. And not because of the
Soviet Union but because of those who keep talking constantly
over the Peking Urumehi and Kuldja radio in Russian, Kazakh
and Uigur about the "victories" of the "cultural revolutiion,"
about the "Marxist solution of the national question in China."
Such are the facts,
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4
'? . to %?'~? 4O
b
-
U
oo :~? `~
CPYRGHT.
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 Approved For Release 2000/08/27 : CIA-RDP78-03061A0004000600O01 1967
PLIGHT OF CHINESE NATIONAL MINORITIES WORSENS
Moscow: Radio Peace and Progress in English to Asia, 17 February 1967
Communists and anyone else who disagrees with the Peking dictator's course
are being killed. The national minorities in China and all non-Chinese
people are being bitterly persecuted by the chauvinistic Maoist clique.
Radio station Peace and Progress has many letters from people who managed
to escape from the so-called Red Guard. It is hard to read these letters
without anger. The following is the statement of Balkhash Bafin, a
former People's Liberation Army lieutenant-colonel, graduate of the
central national school in Peking, and holder of three orders and five
medals of China. He is now a citizen of Soviet Kazakhstan.
From day to day the campaign against all honest communists in Sinkiang
increased. Arrests began. The Kazakh national intellectuals were rid-
iculously accused of trying to set up Kazakh rule and to unite all the
Kazakhs of China, Mongolia, and the Soviet Union under them.
This ridiculous claim about the setting up of Kazakh rule first appeared
with the failure of the creation of the new history of the Kazakhs, the
Uighurs and the Kighiz of Sinkiang Province. The Chinese Communist
Party leaders and the Chinese Government figured that this new history
would prove one thing: Namely, that the Uighurs, Kazakhs and Kirgiz are
all Chinese, and consequently they have one motherland stretching from
the southern part of China to the Aral Sea. In other words, the new
history was needed to uphold the great power chauvinism of the Chinese
leaders. They wanted it to be formed by the Kazakhs, Uighurs and Kirgiz
who lives in China.
But the intellectuals, the communists of Sinkiang, did not fall for this
lie. Peking then declared that the residents of Sinkiang had two hearts
-- one yellow Russian heart and the other a red Chinese heart. "We will
trample on the yellow heart," said Peking.
As the years went by, the life of the minority nationalities worsened,
and with the creation of the people's communes it became unbearable.
Back in February 1957, Ching Yang, a Chinese Communist correspondent of
NCNA, openly criticized the people's communes in a Binkiang newspaper.
He told about the difficult life of the Kazakhs and Uighurs, about their
poverty and lack of rights. The correspondent was accused of under-
mining national prestige and a warrant was issued for his arrest. But
it was too late: he hanged himself.
"I was dismissed only because I was a Kazakh," writes Bafin. "Not wait-
ing for things to get worse, I decided to carry out my old dream and the
behest of my father, who died in a Chiang Kai-shek jail, and cross the
border, returning home to the land of my ancestors. I once sent a
(Cont. )
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parcel, to some friends in Sinkiang," says Bafin. "The food happened to
be wrapped in an old issue of the newspaper Socialist Kazakhstan. This
was enough for my friends to be arrested and accused of ties with the
Soviet Union. It is forbidden to talk in one's native tongue at public
places."
Ziya,Samedi, former chairman of the Board of Writers of the Sinkiang-
Uighur Autonomous Region of China, now a member of the Bureau of the
Uighur section of the Kazakh Writers Union, as well as Abdykadyr Abdrak-
hamov, Daragbeyev, Magamedov, and other former Chinese citizens, write
about the bloody terror being perpetrated against the national. minorities
in China.
They say that millions of Chinese have moved to Sinkiang, that the local
population is being driven off of their ancient lands and herded deeper
into China onto lifeless deserts. Forced assimilation is taking place.
Kazakh, Uighur, and Kirgiz girls are taken away from their parents and
for fear of death, are forced to marry Chinese.
The leaders of the so-called Red Guards say that Chinese blood. must
predominate in the veins of every person. The Red Guards destroy every-
thing: books, record players and records, furniture and dishes. They
cut off the braids of the women and girls and forbid the wearing of
national clothes. This is the truth as reported by eyewitnesses. This
is the truth about the activities of Mao and his gang, which completely
contradict the interests of socialism and the national policy of the
communists.
TASS International Service in English, 1 April 1967
Moscow -- Aleksandr Dymkov writes in Izvestiiya today about the policy of
stepped-up discrimination against national minorities in China. "In an
open challenge to Marxism-Leninism, the Maoists have proclaimed the
assimilation of non-Han peoples:to be their aim," he writes.
There are close to 13 million non-Chinese living in China. The largest
national minorities live in autonomous regions, of which there are only
five. "The other nationalities received only 'regional' and 'rural
district' rights," Dymkov writes. "Andthese regions and rural districts
were so (?situated) as to break up the national minorities to the utmost,
disrupting their territorial, economic, and political unity."
To substantiate this statement, the journalist cites the example of the
Mongolians. They live mainly in the autonomous districts of Inner Mongolia,
but some live in two small autonomous units which do not belong to a
district. The Tibetans, too, have several autonomous rural districts in
provinces bordering on the Tibet region.
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Nearly all administrative and party posts in the autonomous regions are
held by Chinese. All business correspondence is conducted only in Chi-
nese. The national languages are taught at schools only in junior
classes.
-The journalist points out that persecution of national customs was con-
ducted in China under the pretext of struggle against "feudal culture."
Since 1961+, the magazine Red Flag has repeatedly declared that the ulti-
mate aim of the nationalities policy in China is "complete obliteration
of specific national features and distinctions."
TASS International Service in English, 5 April 1967
Moscow -- Ernst Henry writes in Literary Gazette today that it is not
communism that interests the Peking dictator. He is thinking of quite
different things: for him, communist ideas are merely a cover for a plan
for the establishment under his hegemony of something like a new racialist
Reich in Asia and even beyond it."
Once you take this into consideration, everything else falls immediately
into place, the author continues. A man who harbors "such fanatical
plans must logically be interested in both the destruction of the modern
international working class movement and of world culture." "To this
power-mad man, global war must seem like the shortest way to the reali-
zation of his demented, adventurist plans. And we know of some precedents."
Ernst Henry writes about Mao Tse-tung's insane guidelines for a third
world war. "We cannot sacrifice a single continent, we cannot agree to
the vanguard of mankind, advancing toward communism, being thrown at a
whim into the flames of thermonuclear war," the author points out.
"Only rabid imperialists and adventurists who have betrayed Marxism are
interested in this: communism is needed for the living."
TASS International Service in English, 10 February 1967
Alma Ata -- "The clique of Mao Tse-tung has turned Sinkiang into a prison
for small peoples." Abdulhai Rusiyev, Uighur poet from Kulja, told a
TASS correspondent. Before he moved to the Soviet Union, he was a member
of the Union of Chinese Writers and led a poet's section in Urumchi.
"Several Million Uighurs now live in Sinkiang, Rusiyev said. My people
are sincerely striving to build a new society together with the Chinese.
However, in the past 10 years the Chinese authorities have perpetrated
one discrimination after another against the Uighur people."
Against their wishes, the Uighur were forced to use an alphabet which
conflicts with the phonetic demands of the Uighur language.
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"As early as 1960, the Sinkiang Daily (No. 36) published 500 different
Chinese words that the Uighurs should use."
"The children have no opportunity to study the history of their people
in school," Ruziyev said. "Distorting the truth, the historical facts,
the Chinese repeated over and over to our children that the Uighurs are
of Chinese origin. This is what Chiang Kai-shek asserted in his time."
"In recent years instruction in Chinese has been forcibly introduced at
the Uighur higher education establishments and the term of studies
increased to seven years. The publication of Uighur literature sharply
decreased. Nine tenths of the Uighur writers and poets, among them the
well known writers Kadvey, Aliyev, Nimshakhit Armya, were subjected to
repressions. Uighur theater and dance groups are included in the Chinese
ensembles."
Nizamdin Saliyev, an Uighur and former member of the CPR Academy of
Sciences, declared: "In promoting a great-power chauvinistic policy,
the Chinese leaders aim at the forcible assimilation of small peoples,
the elimination of their national features, and their absorption. My
native territory, Sinkiang, has been flooded for this purpose with
millions of Chinese settlers from the central regions of the country.
Uighur girls are forced to marry Chinese. Insubordination is assessed as
a minifestation of nationalism."
Shikir Gubarbakiev, a former editor in chief of the magazine Sinkian&.
Liberator Army, told a TASS correspondent: "The Mao Tse-tung group has
of late stepped up the baiting of Moslems. In Kulja there were some 150
mosques. Now only three are open: the Uighur, the Bungan, and the
Uzbek. The authorities confiscated the property of the closed prayer
houses.
In Nilhing district, the Hung Weiping recently attacked a mosque where the
people were celebrating the Juma Namaz festival. Bloody clashes took
place between the hooligans and believers.
Everyone who knows even a little Marxist-Leninist teaching knows abso-
lutely that these teachings totally reject any violence against the
people's faith. Lenin always asserted the necessity of respecting national
and religious feelings. Thus, force must not be used.
The hysterical (word indistinct) of the Red Guards to get rid of Islam,
to prohibit the reading of the Koran,. and to ban religious duties is a
policy completely alien to genuine Marxism-Leninism. The destruction
of the mosques, the use of violence, and the ridiculing of Muslims in
China is but another undeniable proof that the cultural revolution is
the work of a group of chauvinists who are trying to establish their
personal authority without regard for the interests of the people -- no
more and no less. The persecution of the Muslims in China is incon-
sistent with the principles which, as Lenin stated, must be put into the
law of the socialist state. It was natural that such principles were
embodied in the constitution of the first socialist state in the world
and in its practical life.
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Religion in our country is separated from the state. Every citizen in
the Soviet Union enjoys the inviolable right to freedom of religion and
religious duties. Mosques are operating in Soviet towns. Also, there
are Islamic religious administrations and lawful institutions. Many
Soviet Muslims have taken the pilgrimage to Kaabah and have visited the
Arab countries. A large number of men of religion from the Arab
countries have visited the Soviet Union and upon their return to their
homeland have confirmed that there is freedom of religion in the Soviet
Union.
The present events in China, and the acts of hooliganism, and the rid-
iculing of thousands of innocent people arouse the conscience of every
honest person. Moreover, they also force the condemnation by all Soviets
who have always firmly adhered to the principles of socialist-Leninist
ethics which are based on a noble humanitarian spirit and the ideas of
fraternity and friendship with all peoples of the world.
Moscow Radio, in Albanian to Albania, 10 March 1967
Commentary by Vladimir Setov
(Summary) The historic creation of the Chinese state on a territory
inhabited by many nationalities -- 52 in all -- has been distorted by
various reactionaries in order to oppress the minorities. It is aston-
ishing but true that Mao Tse-tung has adopted the same attitude which
endangers the existence of these minorities.
This sad conclusion is supported by the example of the Sinkiang Uighur
Autonomous Region which represents one-sixth of China's territory, and
at one time was inhabited by 605 million people, of whom, 4.2 million
were Uighurs. It is planned to fill up the central region of Sinkiang
with Chinese. Thus, the autonomy of this region will become fictitious,
and the indigenous population will lose all rights.
These plans are being carried out in great haste. It must be noted that
in Urumchi, almost 300 Chinese arrive daily. Those who are expelled take
nothing with them. They must simply leave the country. In other words,
the indigenous Uighurs are expelled from the towns and transferred to
agricultural regions. The Uighurs' houses are being taken over by the
Chinese. If it were a question of transferring the surplus Chinese
population in Sinkiang, this could be excused, but the Chinese leaders,
in their secret meetings, have adopted the policy for quickly assimi-
lating the Uighur Autonomous Region. This assimilation is being carried
out in various forms.
Thus Uighur and Kazakh girls are forced to marry only Chinese. The
main role in this assimilation effort is being played by the 70,000 Red
Guards of Sinkiang. Last September Peking sent 200 so-called Rebels to
lead them. The operation usually runs as follows: A Red Guard proposes
marriage to a Uighur girl. If the girl asks to be allowed to think it
over even for a day, she is immediately accused of nationalism and is
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threatened with ominous consequences. In carrying out this chauvinist
policy to eliminate the local population, they also use the policy of
differentiation in the distribution. of food. If a Chinese gets 600
grams of wheat per day, the other inhabitants of this autonomous region
receive only 300 grams.
The Uighurs are now being persecuted for killing the followers of Chiang
Kai-shek during the 1940's. The attack against local. culture is carried
out in such a way as to annihilate everything. National poets and
writers are completely omitted from school textbooks; the Chinese have
rewritten the history of the peoples of the region. In 1956 a text was
issued. in the Uighur language containing a short history of the Uighurs,
repeating the views of the Chiang Kai-shek historians. The historic
monuments of the Uighur people and language have been destroyed.
Here is another example of the oppression of the local people: The Red
Guards from Peking took away even the stones of the Uruinchi mosques and
were ordered to prepare to destroy all the mosques of the town..
The policy of Great China chauvinism is being intensified by the complete
destruction of national cadres. This policy, which started in 1952, has
been intensified beyond measure during the present madness of the cultural
revolution. Sinkiang is covered with concentration camps. In. November
1962, 800 inmates of one camp were taken into a previously mined pit; the
explosives were detonated killing all of them. In a forced labor colony
there are 3,000 to 50,000 Uighurs, Kazakhs, Kirgiz, and Dungars in chains.
All protest is cruelly suppressed. In 1962, in [?Kucha] the Chinese
opened fire aginst unarmed local inhabitants -- mainly women and children --
killing 88 and wounding hundreds.
The example of commune in the [?Durbuzhin] area, Uighur Autonomous
Region, shows the types of rules being imposed by the Chinese on the
peoples of Sinkiang. Here, since 1965 a so-called group of revolutionary
civil servants has existed, composed of 150 people who hold mass, seven-
hour meetings every day. At these meetings they interrogated persons
under suspicion, using very cruel methods., The peasants' life is mili-
tarized. They are forced to march in a military manner and sing for
hours. in Mao Tse-tung's praise. These "anti-Chinese elements" are
forced to work 16 to 18 hours in the fields.
In presenting his ideas as the beacon of the revolutionary peoples,
Mao Tse-tung, through his national policy is on the road of treason to
socialism and he has been proven to be the continuer of Great China
chauvinism.
At the same time recent events in China have shown that Mao Tse-tung; has
not learned anything from the inglorious collapse of the big leap policy
and is again hatching a plan for a big step ahead. He adopts as the
pattern for his social structure something which has nothing in common
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with neither Marxism nor utopian socialism. According to the blueprints
of the Peking theoreticians, all the Chinese people have to do is master
the ideas of Mao and all problems, including economic problems, will be
solved immediately.
It is not the wide-scale introduction into the Chinese economy of the
achievements of modern science and engineering, nor the mastery of all
the riches of world culture, that Mao Tse-tung sees as the road to a
society which he calls the socialist society, but in the return to a
barter economy using the most primitive equipment. As a result, instead
of setting the task of insuring a well balanced, all-around development
of the productive forces of the country and a steady rise, on that
basis, of the managerial and cultural standards of the masses, the idea
is advanced that the most backward forms of social organization should
be preserved. Indeed, the very principle of raising the material and
cultural standards of the working people in socialist society is con-
demned by Mao Tse-tung and those around him as bourgeois and counter-
revolutionary. In China at present (?speculation on) communist ideas
is taking place on an enormous scale and Mao Tse-tung's group tries to
take advantage of this to assert his ideological and political hegemony
in the world revolutionary movement. As for the political slogans
advanced by Mao Tse-tung and those around him, they are utterly alien
to the spirit of Marxism-Leninism and the principles of socialism.
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April 1967
Statement by Latin American Students on Their Walk-Out from the IUS Congress
The delegations of the Cuban University Student Federation (FEU) and 10 other
Latin American student organizations that walked out of the ninth congress
of the International Union of Students (IUS) held recently at Ulan Bator,
Mongolia, have released a statement in Prague explaining the reason for their
action.
The statement, addressed to public opinion and the world student movement,
sets forth principles adopted by the 11 delegations against retention of the
Union of Chilean University Federations (UFUCH) in the IUS and argues that
their own position cannot be called antiunitary, and still less sectarian.
The 11 student organizations recall their petition that the congress expel
the UFUCH from the IUS as a reactionary organization whose policy and conduct
do not represent the Chilean student body's aspirations and desires. The
signers of the manifesto say the essential principle governing their conduct
is "a resolute battle to the death against imperialism -- chiefly Yankee
imperialism -- colonialism, and neocolonialism, for the achievement of genuine
independence and national liberation, and a true peace with dignity."
"These principles," the statement continues, "conform fully to our idea of
unity; we fight for that unity, for a unity embracing the revolutionary,
democratic, and progressive forces." It goes on to say that accepting the
UFUCH in the.IUS "is to flagrantly violate the principles we have defended
and will resolutely continue defending.
The student organizations from the 11 Latin American countries say in their
joint manifesto that the arguments and charges they submitted to the congress,
amply backed by concrete proof, were disregarded and sidestepped by a majority
of the congress, which "confirmed the place of the UFUCH.in progressive and
revolutionary ranks, as if it actually had those qualities." "That decision,"
they continue, "is a violation of the principles upheld by the IUS, because
the UFUCH, through its reactionary and pro:imperialist Christian Democratic
leadership, which determines its action and political line, is an organiza-
tion which does not represent the aspirations and desires of the progressive
student body of Chile."
The 11 delegations also accuse the UFUCH of "coinciding in objectives and
conduct with the Cuban counterrevolutionaries in exile and of pursuing a
proven divisionist line in the Latin American student movement. The most
eloquent examples of this were its presence at the divisionist Guatemala
conference, the so-called fourth CLAE in Natal, Brazil, and its systematic
boycott of the fourth CLAE in Havana."
The statement says that the UFUCH, as has been corroborated by various news
items in the world press, "is an organization that has had and still has close
ties with organizations financed by the CIA, such as the ORMEU and the CIE,
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and some of its leaders collaborate directly with the CIA." Furthermore, it
is a silent accomplice to the murder of workers at the Salvador mines by
Frei's Christian Democratic administration.
It then rejects and denounces the speeches made by certain delegates describ-
ing the attitude of the 11 Latin American delegations as "antiunitary and
sectarian" and criticizes "the arbitrariness and abnormality that charac-
terized the debates and later conclusions. We strive for unity, a unity
resting on the principles of the revolutionary, democratic, progressive stu-
dent movement of.the whole world that are faithfully embodied in the spirit
and letter of the fourth CLAE held in Havana.
"We are convinced that our conduct contributes directly to the cause of the
peoples ... and is inspired by the sacred d.3:fense of anti--imperialist prin-
ciples and preservation of their real, practical, effective worth rather
than just their theoretical value. We see our conduct as a concrete contri-
bution to solidarity with battling peoples, particularly heroic Vietnam."
The statement says in conclusion: "We fight and will continue fighting for
the fulfillment of the most genuine aspirations of our student body and our
peoples, always ready to take the invariably hard, trying course, and to
march with firm steps to victory."
The statement is signed by the following organizations: Federation of Uni-
versity Students for Puerto Rican Independence (FUPI); Cuban University Stu-
dent Federation (FEU); Venezuelan Federation of University Centers (FCU); Ecua-
doran University Student Federation (FEUE); Colombian National University
Federation (FUN); Haitian National Student Union (UNEH); French Guiana Stu-
dent Union (UEG); Guadeloupe General Student Union (UGEG); Student Council of
the Guyana Pyo; Dominican Student Federation (FED); and Brazilian National
Student Union (UNEB).
(As broadcast by Radio Havana in Spanish, 10 April 1967.)
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Speech by IUS President and Debate on Vietnam at IUS Congress
The ninth congress of the International Union of Students continues in Ulan
Bator. The congress heard a report of the executive committee presented by
the union's president, Zybynck Vokrouhlicky. The overwhelming majority of
students, he said, are aware of their role in the development of society and
understand that only by active participation in the common struggle of the
peoples for liberation from imperialist domination and exploitation can they
achieve their aim. In the past 20 years the IUS has always stood firmly on
the side of progressive forces in their struggle against imperialism.
Speaking on the situation in different parts of the world, he dwelt particu-
larly on the escalation of U.S. aggression against the DRV and the intensifi-
cation of the bombardment of its negotiations until the United States stops
its aggression against Vietnam.
The United States, he went on, ought to deliberately and unconditionally stop
the bombardment of the DRV and recognize the NFLSV as the only genuine repre-
sentative of the South Vietnamese people. Until these problems are solved
the Vietnamese people have no choice but to fight against the imperialist
aggression of the United States.
The IUS directs its efforts to mobilize the student masses of the world for
stronger solidarity with the Vietnamese people and constant help to its struggle.
We render to our Vietnamese friends all possible material and financial help.
Bulgarian students, noted Vokrouhlicky, collected more than 20 million to
buy necessary things for the embattled Vietnamese people. Soviet students
have held a series of meetings protesting U.S. aggression in Vietnam and have
made a great financial contribution to the struggle of the Vietnamese people.
The speaker dwelt further on the broad movement of solidarity with the struggle
of the Vietnamese people among students of Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin
America.
The IUS and the progressive student movement come out for democratic reforms
in education based on the principle that education should be accepted as a
right irrespective of sex, color, religious or political beliefs, and social
conditions. The IUS carries out considerable work in the fields of culture
and publishing.
The development of the international student movement, states the report,
vividly shows that the activities of the IUS are in the interest of broad
student masses all over the world. In the period since the last congress in
Sofia the union has grown and at present includes 80 national organizations.
The IUS has grown into the largest and most representative progressive demo
cratic international organization of students. the IUS program serves the
purpose of strengthening solidarity and international cooperation of students
against imperialism and colonialism and for world peace, national independence,
social progress, and democratic reforms in education.
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The congress also heard reports by (Nguyen Dak Yuri -- phonetic), a represen-
tative of the student movement for the liberation of South Vietnam and a
member of the executive committee of the union, and by (Nguyen Van Vu -?-
phonetic), a delegate of the DRV student movement. Both delegates and guests
gave a warm and hearty welcome to the representatives of the students of
heroic Vietnam and both speakers were heard with great attention and were
many times interrupted by applause.
Speaking in the debate on the report of the executive committee and the
reports from Vietnam, representatives of the student union of Uganda said
that the question of Vietnam is the most important and of support to the
heroic struggle of Vietnamese people. The speakers said that the United
States must be held responsible for the enormous human losses suffered by the
people of Vietnam.
A Soviet delegate said that the contribution of Soviet students to the cam-
paign of solidarity with heroic Vietnam was well known. The land of the
Soviets, the delegate said, the entire Soviet people will always support
embattled Vietnam. We lend a vigorous political support to our Vietnamese
comrades. Thousands of solidarity rallies, collection of funds, donation of
blood, and voluntary work toward the Vietnam fund -- all these are merely
a fraction of the constant efforts of Soviet students toward helping Vietnam.
The representative of the student union of Kenya denounced all forms and
symptoms of imperialist enslavement and neocolonialism. The representatives
df student organizations of Mongolia, Ethiopia, Brazil, Tanzania, Cyprus,
and other countries also spoke in the general debate.
The IUS ninth congress sent a telegram to U.S. President Johnson which said:
On behalf of the 80 national student unions represented at this congress we
demand an immediate and unconditional stop to the bombardment of the DRV
and military operations in South Vietnam. We demand that the U.S. troops and
the troops of its allies be withdrawn from South Vietnam and that the NFLSV
be recognized as the sole and genuine representative of the South Vietnamese
people.
The congress sent another telegram to President Ho Chi Minh of the DRV with
expressions of solidarity for the struggle of the heroic Vietnamese people
against the aggressive war of the American imperialists. The congress com-
pletely supports the position of the DRV.
(As broadcast by Radio Ulan Bator in English to Southeast Asia 30 March 1967.)
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Speech by World Peace Council Representative at the IUS Congress
The ninth congress of the International Union of Students continues its work
in Ulan Bator. General debates continued on 30 and 31 March with representa-
tives of student organizations and student unions of West Africa, Zambia,
Sweden, Cuba, and other delegations participating.
On 31 March a speech was made at the congress by Comrade Chimid, representa-
tive of the World Peace Council and member of the World Peace Council. On
behalf of the millions of people of good will and participants in the world
movement of supporters of peace, as well as on behalf of the World Peace
Council, he sincerely greeted the participants in the ninth IUS congress.
Comrade Chimid said in his speech that the American bombs that exploded in
the last days of World War II over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki vividly demostrate what our planet can be transformed into by the
imperialists if the peoples are unable to restrain them.
He continued: The World Peace Council highly appreciates the great contribu-
tion of youth and student organizations, including the IUS which is the leader
of the student movement, to our common struggle for easing international
tension, for peaceful coexistence of states with different social and politi-
cal systems, and for disarmament.
Chimid said: The principle of peaceful coexistence long ago captured the
minds and thoughts of millions upon millions of people and whatever the enemies
of the principle (?may say to dishonor it), it has become a program of the
people's struggle for averting a new world war.
Comrade Chimid continued: There are people who maintain that the principle
of peaceful coexistence means all-round conciliation and appeasement and the
perpetuation of the many injustices existing in the world of ours. Those
who think so probably take us to be out of touch with reality. When we speak
of principles of peaceful coexistence we apply them to relations between
independent and sovereign states with different social and political systems.
But these principles are by no means applicable to relations between parties
and between colonies and the colonial powers. Any Mongolian shepherd will
tell you that the care of sheep should not be entrusted to wolves.
Chimid continued: Together with you we of the World Peace Council heard
with great agitation the speeches of the student representatives of South
Vietnam and the DRV. Their speeches sounded like an indictment of the Ameri-
can aggressors, and yet at the same time as a tribute to the courage and
glory of the people defending their freedom, independence, and honor.
Together with you we viewed a documentary film. I do not know how many copies
of this film have been produced by our Vietnamese friends, but I am certain
that every sequence of the film has left its mark on our hearts.
(Cont.)
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To the proposal of the DRV Government that stated that if the United States
will unconditionally stop the bombardment and other military actions against
the DRV then it would be possible to sit at a table of negotiations, the
American rulers cynically answered by intensified artillery Fire on the
ground and sea, the mining of rivers, and active air raids. The recent
gathering on Guam once again laid bare for the whole world to see the aggres-
sive nature of the American militarists.
Washington has rejected peaceful negotiations, hoping for a military solution
of the Vietnam problem. Yet the imperialists should better remember the
lessons of history. Instances of an ignominious end of aggressors who enslaved
one people or another are many. Let the imperialists know that the Vietnamese
people are not alone in their struggle.
If other peoples cannot hear the sound of cannon over the wonderful Vietnamese
soil it does not mean that they can remain deaf to what is going on there.
If the splinters of American shells and bombs do At reach other peoples, it
does not mean that their hearts and souls do not shudder. No, the peoples
of the whole world share in the misfortune and suffering of the heroic Vietna-
mese people because they are defending not only their own cause but the cause
of."all peoples.
The peoples of all countries, first of all of the countries of the great
socialist community, Comrade Chimid'continued, are rendering and will continue
to render all necessary help to the fraternal people of Vietnam, including
military aid.
The rallying of all peace-loving forces for effective aid to the fraternal
Vietnamese people is a requirement of the times. In this connection we cannot
help noting the harm Inflicted by those people whose policy it is to under-
mine the unity and cohesion of the anti-imperialist forces and to put. obstacles
in the way of action in support of the Vietnamese people.
The World Peace Council recognizes the NFLSV as the only lawful representa-
tive of the South Vietnamese people and fully supports the concrete proposals
of the NFLSV and the DRV Government as the only real and. acceptable founda-
tions for the settlement of the Vietnam problem.
As regards the problem of European security, the speaker said, the policy of
the West German imperialists is the main obstacle on the path of peace and
security in Europe. It is necessary to wage an intensified struggle for
insuring collective security on the European continent.
The broad program of struggle for the normalization of the situation on the
European continent that has been developed by certain socialist countries,
the speaker said, promotes the further intensifi:catior.G of aspirations of the
majority of European countries for easing tension, for developing good-
neighbor relations, and for the solution of the security 'problem in Europe
on the general European basis, on the principle of peaceful coexistence of
states with different social systems.
((~C nt.)
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Comrade Chimid continued: Another sphere of imperialist expansion that is
wrought with serious consequences is the policy of enslavement of peoples
and suppression of the national liberation movement and the policy of racial
discrimination and apartheid. The time has passed when the imperialists
could at will command the fates of the peoples of Asia and Africa. As a
result of the triumphant national liberation movement in the severe struggle
against foreign enslavers a score of new states have emerged. The struggle
of the peoples of Latin America for liberation from the oppression of monop-
olies of the United States is growing.
The World Peace Council resolutely condemns colonialism and neocolonialism
in all its forms and once again expresses its complete solidarity and support
to the struggle of the peoples of Portuguese and other colonies for their
freedom and independence. The speaker emphasized that there is no stronger
means for the successful opposition to the forces of reaction and aggression
than the unity of all anti-imperialist and peace-loving forces on the broad-
est democratic base.
Our organizations should still more develop and widen our contacts and ties
with each other as well as with other organizations outside our ranks and
insure the unity of action of. all forces standing on the platform of peace
and democracy in their struggle against imperialist aggression and against
world war, the speaker said in conclusion.
The IUS congress: is. continuing its work.
(As broadcast by Radio Ul:an'Bator in Russian to the USSR, 3 April 1967.)
3
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April 1967
i ' aTERL\L ON T H E IITET I f - 1 1 0 1 , i 1 L F I ff ) E R TION OF MS;13'iill1TCE :OVi i1 T3
Officials Ejected at December 1,065 Con,-rosn
PRESIDENT: ARIAIDO SANS i (Ifaiie)
VICE-PRESIDENTS: Jacques DEBU-BRIDEL (France); Albert FORCINAL (France); Josef HUSEK (TchQco-
slovaquie); Wlodimierz LECHOWICZ (Pologne); A':axei MARESSIEV (URSS); Georg SPIELMANN (RDA);
Dr Josef ROSSAINT (RFA); Me Andre DE RAET (Belgique); Dr Ludwig SOSWINSKI (Autriche); Senateur
Umberto TERRACINI (Italie); Pierre VILLON (France); Svend WAGNER (Danemark).
Aprbs I'6loction du Pr6sident, dos Vice-prasidonls, du Bureau of du Conseil ginarol, to Bureau do to F.I.R. s'est r6uni aussilbt of a 61u:
Joan TOUJAS (Franco), Socratoiro g6n6ra1; Gustav ALEF-BOLKOWIAK (Pologne), Socr6taire g6n6ral adjoint; (uno place a 616 r6serv6o
pour un socrillairo italicn)I Theodor HEINISCH (Autricho), Trisorier.
MEMBRES: Autricho: Erich FEIN, Theodor HEINISCH, Pasteur Erwin KOCK; Belgique: Joan BORREMANS, Raymond DISPY; Bulgaria: Vassolino
GUEORGUIEV; Doiomark: Helga KIERLUFF, Elvind LYKKESTRAND; Espogno: Florian GARCIA-VELASCO; Franco: Charles BOSS1, Charles FOURNIER-
BOCQUET, Andr6 LEROY, Marcel PAUL, Joan TOUJAS; Greco: Gerassimos AVGHEROPOULOS, Comninos PYROMAGLOU, Gorassimos PRIFTIS;
Hollandc: Herman HENDRIKSZEN; Hongrio: Laszlo BAUER, Etienne GABOR; Israel: Dr. Adolf BERMANN; Italic: Renato BERTOLINI, Pr Giulio
MAZZON, Fausto NITTI, Roberto VATTERONI, Lino ZOCCHI; luxembour t Pr Jules STOFFELS; Norv6go: Goorq ROSEF; Pologne: G. ALEF-BOL-
KOWIAK, Kazimiorz RUSINEK; RDA: Hans SEIGEWASSER, Dr Heinz TOEPLITZ; RFA: Willi HUHN, Hans JENNES, Max OPPENHEIMER; Rou-
maniot Ion POPESCO-PUTURII Tchsicoslovaquio: Michel KUDZEII URSS: Michail PRONIN.
LE CONSEIL
Alhanic: Ndrocl PLASARI, Dodi VEII; Autricho: Otto HORN, Heinz MAYER, Rudolf SCHRIEBL; Belgique: Jean BRACK, Joseph DAVENNE, Pierre
LAMIN, Mmo LEYNIERS, Gee van den EYNDE, Guillaume TENCY; Sulgarie: Dr Konstantin MITCHEFF, Valk? GORANOVA; Deno mark: Ehnen
NIELSEN, Niels Otto Kt1STER, Paul LARSEN; Espagno: Marc* ANA; Finlandos Nostori PARKKARI; Franco: Jcon Pierre BLOCH, Ranh CERF-FER-
RIERE, Dr Louis FICHEZ, Charles JOINEAU, Albert OUZOULIAS, G6n6ro1 Louis PLAGNE, Robert VOLLET; Gr6ce: Nicolas COSSINTAS, Constan-
tin DESPOTOPOULOS; Spires TSIKLITIRAS, Dimitrios DIMITRIOU; Hollando: Jon BRASSER, Simon KORPER; Hongrio: Zoltan FODOR; Israel:
Abraham HASS, Me Michael LANDAU; Italia: Carlo ALPI, Luigi ANDERLINI, Mario ANDREIS, Mmo Adele BEI, Giovanni BOTTONELLI, Albert
CIANCA, Antonio OBERTI, Filippo FRASSATI Loonetto LAZZERINI, Eg9idio LIBERTI; Luxembourg: Francois FRISCH; Norvt go: Sigurd MORTENSEN;
Polognot Kazimiorz BANACH, Miaczyslov ROG-SWIOSTEK, Jerzy ZIETEK; RDAs Mma Emmy HANDKE, Hermann MATERN, Waldemar SCHMIDT,
RFA: Kurt BACHMANN, Herbert BAADE, Willi CRONAUER, Paul FALKE, Hans SCHWARZ; Berlin-Oucst: Karl WINKEL; Roumaniet Ghoorgho
VASILICHI; Tchdcoslovaquios Kvoloslav INNEMANN, Josef VRABEC; URSSs Alexel FIODOROV, Dr Nadia TROJAN.
LA COMMISSION DE CONTROLE FINANCIER
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EDITt PAR LA FEDtRA ICAO INTER'h;ATIONAL.E.DES RtSISTANTS'(FIR) i
'CASTELLEZGASSE 35. VIENNE Ii (AUTRICHE).* TtL.r '.PHONE.- 35.44 4'3. '
No 16/1966
AGRE:SSETc[.EGRAPIL(QUUE: FEDERIND R
Vienne, le 26 aout 1966
NOUVELLES-INTERNATIONALES
------------------------
La FIRprotesteauprbsdupresidentJohnson
La Federation Internationale des Resistants (FIR) a adresse au
president des Etats Unis d'Ame'rique, Landon Johnson? la note de protes-
tation dent nous reproduisons ei-apres le texte:
"Monsieur le President,
"Les organisations de Resistance europeennesmembres de la F.I.R.
ont manifesto leur grande emotion et lour vive reprobation lors des bom-
bardements de Hanoi et de Haiphong; elles ont on outre attire .1'attention
des pouvoirs ame'ricains sur les dangers que comparte pour. la paix mondiale
la politique d'escalade. Dans sa derniere conference de presse, votre mi-
nistre de la Defense M. MacNamara a affirms quo les Etats-Unis devront
peut-&tre intensifier leur effort ae'rien.
"Nous ne pouvons que nous clever oontre la volonte ainsi ex-
primee de poursuivre et d'intensifier la guerre au Viet-Nam en sou-
lignant toute la gravite des mesures envisagees, et vous faire part do
notre ardent desir de voir la paix r6tablie au Viet-Nam, dans :Le respect
des ideaux d'independance nationale qui ont anime nos luttes passees.
"Veuillez agre'er, Monsieur le President, l'assurance de nos
sentiments democratiques."
Jean TOUJAS
Secretaire general
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-3-
l a~ ~~ C) ~~ E to L
Approve
E". C, 3- U F] u ru Di
Pan; notrc journal de < janvi:r-
#evrier 1967 > noes rappclions, 't
propos do la Fnerre an Vietnam, fine
resolution ndoptee par le Ihlreau de
In F.T,R. (Fcdcration Internationale
des Resistants) a ViENNE en join
1952. an moment do la guerre do
COREE.
o Tl incomhc a notrc mouvemcnt
de dcnonccr avec la plus grandc vi-
gucur tons Ics actes d'extcrminntion
massive des sires lrrrmains, aster file
commcttcnt Ics tronpcs amcricaines
en Cores et qui surpassent en hor-
rcur les crimes hitlcricns : la guerre
an napalm et aux armes hactcriologi-
ques. le massacre des prisonniers de
cucrrc ct des populations civiles. >
Comore Mors l'ordre Rant verm do
Mo.scou d'engnger touter les associa-
tions elites do masse animees par ics
communistes dans une offensive do
soutien effcctif an Nord-4'ichi:nn,
In F.I.R. aurait decide d'envoycr tine
< mission d'enqucte ,, au Nord-Viet-
nam en vile de la < Conference
1 Inndiale stir le Vietnam >, qui init,
It I'initiativc do Conseil Mondial d-? to
Paix. tenir ses assises a Stockli-Im
do 6 an 9 juillet 1967.
La F.T.R. qui depnis sa creation
on 1951 a pour hilt de eonvrir d?? Ia
caution d'une certaine resistance. tout
cc qni se flit, so fait ou sc prep:trc
au Kremlin recevrait mctne des
moycns accrtis pour cntrainer < le
monde des resistants et ties anc'ens
combattants > (fans tine croisade nni-
latcrale.
Le premier btit a afteindre ninsi
c'est d'assimiler, commc 1'a fait tlcja
Lord Bertrand RUSSELL, 1cs < r+nn-
hattants > du VJ! i'CON( aux resis-
tants curopccns en bitte contre le na-
zismc alt?rs quo cc qni c,t v6rita4le-
ment en jen an ?.'IETNAAT c'est la
victoire on la (IC!aitc flit cominu BS-
inc quc le Nord vont imposer an `rid.
Cc n'cst enne pas ncccssairei cnt
du cote oil rc.^,ardc M. RUSSET, quc
Sc trowvent Yes dcfcnseurs de In li-
berte.
Le distinguc philosophc oublie par
excmple Yes YTongrois of Yes A lts-
mands gtii a Budapest en 1956 on a
Berlin en 1953 ont lnttc, presqu'a
mains flues, contre, les chars sovieti-
gties.
11 ouhlie aussi Yes resistants de J'ar-
m c nationals grecgne, ccux de 1'Ar-
m6e secrete polon-tise (A.K.), (font
la Ttitte c pour is lihertc > commc
Celle de In majorite des resistants
curopccns signifiait aussi empc her
quc lour pays fombe, une fois )c na-
urine vaincu, sous le jmtg du tota-
litarisme sovictique.
141 resistance contre le nazisme no
flit pas en effet to scul fait de crux
qni, on raison do leer obedience, ont
lutte on se sont abstenus (convne
a I'heure do traite germano-sovicti-
quc de 1939) scion quc le combat
servait on desservait les intcri is du
camp communists. Car it est incon-
testablement du cote du Vietnam dw
Slid tine masse d'bomme.s et do fear
ores qui n'ont d'autre ambition on
vombattant quc do sativer, en fin do
comptc, leur pays des gri!''c~: do soar
munisme. La a Resistance > gout-ells
Yes renier et petit-elle +as -?rofester
acceptor Yes mcsnres 04: repression
ct tie represaillc, (font ces I:ontnies
et ces femmes sont victims'. dti fait
"
flit VIETCONG
Car !:t butte qni ensanrlanfe le
ViE UNAM est d'ahnrd tare Iufte
(( fratricide )). La F.T.R. se prepare-
rait done, tine nouvelle fois, t agir
do manicre partisans sans preciser
opt ells fie represcnte, en tout cas,
qu'une fraction do in resistance, cells
qui n'a rien i refuser :t 1\'Ioscmt.
La Vlnte Conference Internatio-
nale de la Resistance et de is Depor-
tation 1'a rappels ii TURIN en oc-
tobre tlernier.
Tons !cs efforts doivcnt ccr"es sire
tenter poor mettre fin it Ia pnerrc flit
VIETNAi'T. 11 n'cst a
gowns scale pos.sibilitc : LA ':F(.O-
CiATION.
(nil s'agissc tin (( Tribunal tic
Bertrand RUSSELL )) on de In F.I.R.
lours initiatives parse qu'c11cs sont