WEEKLY SUMMARY NUMBER 127

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9
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RIFPUB
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T
Document Page Count: 
18
Document Creation Date: 
December 23, 2016
Document Release Date: 
April 12, 2013
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1
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Publication Date: 
November 3, 1950
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REPORT
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 48056 WEEKLY SUMMARY Number127 Document No. NO CHANCE in Class. 0 3 NOV 1950 DECLASSIFIED lass. CIANOLD TO: TS DDA Memo, 4 Apr 77 DDA P.71. 77 1763 Auth: BY; o 0 6 Date: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY RETURN TO ARCHIVES Et RECORDS CENTER IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE ox______ - I Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 I. This publication contains current intelligence exclusively and therefore has ?not been coordinated with the intelli- gence organizations of the departments of State, Army, Navy, and Air Force. 2. This copy may be either retained, or destroyed by burning in accordance with applicable security regulations, or returned to the Central Intelligence Agency. WARNING This document contains information affecting the na- tional defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Act, 50 U.S.C., 31 and 32, as Amended. Its transmission or the revelation of its contents in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 11 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 4421211EIMEgas CONTENTS Page - HIGHLIGHTS 1 SOVIET MANEUVERS AND PLANS ? Over-all Policy 2 Japanese Treaty 2 ? Austrian Policy. ..... ? ...... . . . . 3 Bulgarian Purges 4 ? Hungarian Economy 4 ?'Rumanian Unrest ... . . ? . ? . ? .... ? ? ? 5 CHINESE COMMUNIST PLANS Korean Intervention 6 Tibet Invasion 6 ? Taiwan Plans ? ........ ..... . . 7 Overseas Chinese 7 LOCAL DE VE LOPME NTS Huk Raids in the Philippines 9 Bell Report on the Philippines 9 Korean Unification Delays 10 French Proposals for Western Defense ? 11 French Labor Unity 11 F" tr -1Ma?- tri Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Ii Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 JO rgarwititrectrEctes {setaimmiaus HIGHLIGHTS Of the week's developments, The sudden stiffening of North Korean resistance, with increasing Chinese Com- munist support, posed the gravest threat to US security. Although the possibility cannot be excluded-that the Chinese Communists, under Soviet direction, are gradually committing themselves to full-scale intervention,their main objective appears to be to establish a buffer area south of the Yalu River in order to guarantee the security of the Manchurian border and insure the continued flow of electric power to Manchuria from the vital Suiho hydroelectric system (see page 6). Other Far Eastern developments also affected US security interests. The announced Chinese Communist invasion of Tibet, although not believed to have penetrated the US-recognized Tibetan border, has prompted a strong Indian protest and indicates that Peiping will not brook long delays in the "liberation" of that country (see page 6). In the Philippines, there remained the possibility of widespread Huk attacks on 7 November which could inflict severe damage throughout Luzon but would not re- sult in the overthrow of the government (see page 9). In Western Europe, interest was centered on the effect of the Pleven proposal on Western rearmament and on Soviet pressure in Austria. The Pleven proposal will further delay a decision on Wesi Germany's contribution to the defense of Europe and as a consequence of this delay opposition in Germany to remilitarization will increase (see page 11). In Austria, there was some slight indication that the USSR might back down from its Intransigent 'stand on the dispute with the Austrian Government over the issue of police control (see page 3). - 1 - ' Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Ii Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 ale SOVIET MANEUVERS AND PLANS During recent weeks, Soviet propaganda has continued to pursue the dual policies of advertising the USSR's peaceful Intentions and viewing with alarm the aggressive preparations of the West. Although the "peace" campaign has recently re- ceived slight additional emphasis, there has been no material relaxation in Soviet charges of Western warmongering. One of the highlights of the current phase of the "peace" offensive has been the Prague Declaration, which appears designed to undermine US policy with respect to Germany, and especially with regard to West German remilitarization. At the same time, Moscow radio took full advantage of United Nations Day to proclaim the USSR's interest in the success of that organization. Also in' line with the "peace" theme, Soviet propaganda has revived the sporadically recurrent line that war is not inevitable and that, given a more conciliatory attitude on the part of the West, peace- ful coexistence between East and West is still possible. In contrast to these apparent attempts to quiet Western war fears, the USSR has,characteristically, by no means abandoned its propaganda attacks against the West, and particularly the US. Moreover, much of the effectiveness of the Soviet "peace campaign" has been destroyed by such recent Soviet activities as the denunciation of Trygve Lie, pres- sure on the Austrian Government, Chinese Communist support for the North Koreans and the Viet Minh, and the announced Chinese Communist invasion of Tibet. Japanese Treaty In expressing a willingness to discuss informally US proposals for a Japanese Peace Treaty and in returning to the Far Eastern Commission (FEC), 'the USSR probably reasons that continued intransigence regarding the Japanese Peace Treaty would not prevent the Western Powers from drafting a separate treaty. By entering into treaty discussions and returning - 2 - t to) Lt; iq i0 I tk Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 11 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 a a a C a C a a a a a a a TOP SECRET to the FEC,the USSR not only strengthens its propaganda peace campaign but increases its capabilities -for-obstruct- ing and delaying treaty negotiations. Participation in informal talks, however,-will not commit the USSR to participating in formal treaty negotiations, and in view of the USSR's over-all policy in the Far East, it appears most unlikely that the USSR would agree to any treaty acceptable to the Western Powers. Austrian Policy The present dispute between the Austrian Government and Soviet occupation authorities over control of the Austrian police force demonstrates continuing Soviet determination to exploit local situations. Soviet authorities in Austria have stated that the Austrian Government will not be permitted to dismiss, transfer, or take disciplinary action against Austrian police officials in the Soviet sector accused of disloyalty to the Austrian Government during the recent Communist-inspired strikes. In view of this krave threat to Austrian independence; , the Austrian Government is proceeding with its investigation and plans to carry out the verdict of the disciplinary court. There is no firm evidence to indicate whether the USSR will maintain its in- transigent attitude On this issue in the face of official Austrian and Western protests. In the past, Soviet authorities have often backed down on timilar isdues when Confronted with vigorous Austrian resistance, and a recent conversation between the Soviet High Commissioner and Austrian Chancellor Figl suggests that the . USSR may be seeking a way out of the impasse without too great a loss of prestige. r Meanwhile, evidence is accumulating that the 'process? of sovietizing the Satellites' is not proceeding smoothly. The principal Problems appear to be creating reliable Communist parties loyal to the USSR, overcoming economic difficUlties, and eliminating peasant oppos Men. e3 TOP SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 11 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET Bulgarian Purges Current reports indicate that the ? sweeping purg'es in the ? Bulgarian Communist Party, begun in January 1949 with the Kostov deviation affair, will continue during the next few months. More than 100,000 Party members have been expelled since June 1950 and more purges are expetted to result from Party organizational meetings which will be held between now and May 1951. It is not entirely clear why the USSR has felt it necessary to purge the Bulgarian Communist Party more ? drastically than the parties in the other Satellites. It is apparent, however, that the inability of Bulgarian Communists to carry out Soviet demands for the wholesale exploitation and rapid communization of Bulgaria provides ready justification for the removal of any Bulgarian Communist who has outlived his. usefulness. The extent of the Bulgarian purges may also be . attributed to the greater need for a strong, Pro-Soviet Communist . Party in view of the absence of Soviet occupation troops. It is believed that purges of Bulgarian Communist leaders will con- tinue until enough younger Communists have been sufficiently indoctrinated by the USSR to assume the responsibility of carrying out Soviet orders faithfully and without regard for Bulgarian nation- alist aspirations. Hungarian Economy Hungary's continuing difficulty in meeting its export commitments to Western Europe is indicative of the problem facing the USSR in its attempts to develop inter-orbit trade while simultaneously increasing the pace of Satellite industrialization. Hungarian imports from West- ern Europe are currently running 10 percent more than in 1949 and far in excess of exports, which are 35 percent less than in 1949. If this trend continues, Hungary will build up a 1950 deficit of approximately $30 million. Western European trade is impor- tant to Hungary as a source of industrial equipment unavailable in the orbit. It appears, hoiever, that internal difficulties and the great expansion. of Hungarian trade with the East are proving greater obstacles than Western export controls to Hungary's ability to obtain equipment needed for its industrial expansion program. -4 - TOP SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET Rumanian Unrest Apparently made desperate by the pro- longed drought, the government's forced grain collection program, and the certainty of an enforced collectivization program; the Rumanian peasants are resist- ing the Communist regime with considerably more violence this fall than in previous years. Resistance has apparently been especially strong in Transylvania and Moldavia, the Dobruja area and around Bucharest. Peasants have occasionally burned crops to prevent them from falling into the hands of authorities, driven out militia men sent to collect the grain, and even seized control of some isolated localities. Attempts to murder local Communist officials have increased. Thus far, however, no effective, centrally-directed resistance has been organized and peasant opposition is not likely to be a serious threat to the regime. The effect of peasant opposition, how- ? ever, will.be to delay the Communist collectivization program or, if the regime attempts to push through collectivization despite opposition, will probably cause a serious reduction in Rumanian agricultural production with consequent adverse . repercussions on the entire Rumanian economy. - 5 - TOP SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 ? TOP SECRET CHINESE COMMUNIST PLANS Korean Intervention Fresh, newly-equipped North Korean troops have appeared in the Korean fighting, and it has been clearly established that Chinese Coin- munist troop unita.are also oppo?ing.UN forces. ,Presentlield. estimates are that between 15,000 and 20,000 Chinese Commu- nist troops organized in task force units are operating in North Korea while the parent units remain in Manchuria. ? Finally, current reports of Soviet-type jet. aircraft in the Antung-Sintiju area indicate that the USSR may be providing at least logistic air support for the defense of the Manchurian border. These indications of increased Chinese Communist support and assistance to North Korean forces point to a deci- sion to establish a "cordon sanitaire" south of the Yalu River. Although the possibility cannot be excluded that the Chinese Communists, under Soviet direction; are committing themselves to a full-scale intervention in Korea, their main objectives .appear to be to guarantee the security of the .Manchurian border and insure the continued flow of electric power from the vital Suiho hydroelectric system to the industries of Manchuria. The Suiho hydroelectric system is of vital importance to Manchuria, and Peiping's apprehension may have been increased by the recent statement of a South Korean general that allocation of power to Manchuria would be cut off. The reported eva.cuation of industrial machinery and civilian personnel from MuIthen, and intensification of air-raid precautions in that city, appear to indicate that Peiping anticipates possible UN retaliatory action against Communist China for Peiping's activities in Korea. Tibet Invasion Although Chinese Communist forces have probably advanced toward Tibet, as reported in frequent though unconfirmed press dispatches, it is not likely that any size- able force has covered the 200 miles claimed in these reports or 6 TOP, SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 fl Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET that Chinese Communist forces have in fact crossed the Tibetan border as recognized by the US and the.Chinese. The reported advance fits the pattern of Chinese Commu- nist policy toward Tibet indicated by the publication on 24 October of a "political mobilization directive's to troop units "which have been ordered to advance on Tibet," and the transfer of Sino-Tibetan conversations from New Delhi 0 to Peiping. Apparently the Chinese Communists are increas- ing their pressure on Tibet as rapidly as possible, short of a sharppublic break with India. Meanwhile, regardless of .whether the military occupation of Tibet has yet begun in earnest, the Chinese Communists,by so firmly committing themselves to liberating Tibet, have shown that they will not permit prolonged dickering over the status of Tibet, and Intend to proceed.with the "liberation" of that country soon. 0. Taiwan Plans Meanwhile, the "liberation" of Taiwan un- questionably remains a Chinese Communist objective and invasion preparations are continuing, but an invasion of Taiwan during 1950 does not appear likely. O. Peiping seems to have decided to exploit the possibilities of controversy in the UN over US Far Eastern. policy. While Insisting that the "question of Formosa:" does not exist, and fl demanding that the question be dropped from the agenda of the General Assembly, the Chinese Communists have accepted the invitational the Security Councato discussions of US 0 'aggression" against China. They stand temporarily to lose face at home, having promised the Seliberation" of Taiwan for the last two years, but this is believed to be less serious in their eyes at present than the risks of an operation in the face of the US commitment to "neutralize" the island. Overseas Chinese The recent celebrations in Southeast Asia 0 National Day on 1 October rival Chinese holidays (Peiping's and the Nationalist Double-Ten on 10 October) indicate increased dislike of the Peiping Communist - 7 e TOP SECRET fl Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 11 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET regime among the Overseas Chinese throughout the region. Overseas Chinese in Burma, Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaya, apparently reacting against vigorous Chinese Communist efforts to control and exploit them gave surprisingly strong and enthusiastic support to the Dol;ble-Ten celebration. It would appear that the setback to Communism in Korea is the factor primarily responsible and that the demonstrations were more anti-Communist than pro-Kuomintang. The Kuomin- tang is almost as discredited among Overseas Chinese as among mainland Chinese and still offers little promise as a focus for the active patriotism of the majority of Overseas Chinese. Although the majority of Overseas Chinese appear to welcome the containment of Communism in the Far East, they would adjust themselves, prudently, if somewhat less readily, to new Communist successes, such as a Communist victory in Indo- china, that would seem to bode ultimate Communist domination of Southeast Asia. In the present unsettled state of affairs, an increasing number of Overseas Chinese will probably attempt to remain aloof from both Peiping and Taipei. - 8 - TOP SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET LOCAL DEVELOPMENTS THE PHILIPPINES- Huk Raids The Philippine Aimed Forces have been ? alerted against the possibility of stepped-up Huk activity during the next several weeks as a result of the capture on 17-18 October of Huk plans for widespread, co- ordinated offensive operations. on 7 November. The Huks ' have thus been deprived of the element of surprise which in . the past has been so largely responsible for the success of their attacks. Despite this loss, there is no evidence to indi- cate that the attacks have been called off. If undertaken, Huk raids could cause extensive disturbance and destruction through- out the Luzon countryside. The Philippine army and security forces are believed capable of preventing the violent overthrow of the Philippine Government by the Huks and defending the city of Manila against attack. The Huks will, however, be able to perform acts of terrorism in the Manila area, conduct raids' at will throughout Luzon, and avoid destruction at the hands of the Philippine Armed Forces. In fact, the activity of the Huks has increased during recent weeks despite widespread operations against them, thus indicating that government meas- tri-es--against the Huks continue to be ineffective hi preventing - a steady increase in Huk capabilities. Bell Report Preliminary official reaction to the report sub- mitted by the US economic survey mission headed by Daniel Bell indicates that the Quirino adminis' tration, while eagerly accepting ?US?grants and loans, will reSiSt the granting of supervisory powers to a US technical mission and will only reluctantly carry out the reform measures upon which US aid is to be contingent.. The administration has apparently been so TOP SECRET et Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 ri ? . ? Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 TOP SECRET THE PHILIPPINES confident of receiving substantial US aid that it has thus far taken very few steps to remedy the deteriorating Philippine economic situation. KOREA Unification Delays The stiffening of North Korean resistance with Chinese Communist reinforcements, in the mountains of North Korea, and the extent of guerrilla activity to be eliminated elsewhere in Korea make probable a considerable period of military and police action before elections can be held to unify Korea. The present probability of a con- siderable delay in the unification of Korea points up the many problems involved in the interim administration of North Korea under UN responsibility. One of the most pressing problems is the establishment of interim administrative organizations capable of contending with varied problems of security, relief, public health, and the restoration and operation of public utilities. UN forces have found that without exception all North Korean Communist officials have fled their posts. There are no citizens with pre- Communist government experience capable of managing municipal affairs. US civil affairs officers lack knowledge of the Korean language and are assigned to specific areas only temporarily, molting forward with combat units. ROK national police, previously taken northward with combat units, are now being sent back to the south, and UN resolutions and directives to the UN Command gen.- erally discourage the use of South Koreans in the establishment of interim regimes in the north. Thus an administrative vacuum has developed in North Korea, and if the existing confusion is prolonged, the present favorable attitude of the North Korean populace toward UN forces in likely to be dissipated. - 10 - TOP SECRET Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 ri Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 C:. a a a C C arrangigarnis WESTERN EUROPE Pleven Proposals The Pleven counterproposals for solving the issue of eventual German rearmament, though primarily intended to link the rearmament of Europe with its long-term political integration, have in effect postponed a decision by the other NAT powers on Germany's contribution to the defense of Europe. Initial West German reaction to the move ? indicates that Adenauer will be faced with a severe test in the forthcoming foreign policy debate set for 15 November in the Bundestag, when the opposition is likely to make political capital of Adenauer's stand on remilitarization. Official West German comments on the Pleven proposals, while generally moderate, have indicated strong objection to the French proposals: (1) to make German remilitarization con- ditional on successful conclusion of Schuman Plan negotiations; and (2) to assign an inferior role to the German forces in European defense. Bundestag leaders have already attack-ed- as ."political blackmail" the linking of the Schuman Plan to remilitarization. ? Schumacher, the SPD leader, is in favor of rejecting remilitaiiiation unless conditions of German equality and security are met, and may insist on a plebiscite or a new election before dealing with the issue. In general, Protestant and Socialist opinion, already critical of the security measures proposed by Adenauer, is likely to become still more unfavorable to Adenauer in the face of the continued French reluctance to rely on German cooperation in defense of Western Europe. FRANCE Labor. Unity The recent national congress of the Socialist- oriented Force Ouvriere (FO) clearly indicated that the TO has made no great progress toward supplanting the Communist-led General Confederation of Labor (CGT) as the latUnglMano, C; Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 ' Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 IlligicEsEXENGladjaamb dominant labor confederation of France. The FO's oppor- tunity to increase its influence at the expense of the CGT has been steadily improving for two years. The CGT was badly discredited by the failures of its previous strike campaigns, the Communist Party has lost prestige as a result of events in Korea, and-management has lately been negotiating wage agreements only with the non-Communist unions. But the leaders of the FO remain badly divided over the question of unification of non-Communist labor. This division and the consequent weakness of FO can be expected to work to the advantage of the Communists -- who are in- creasing efforts to exploit the workers' legitimate economic grievances -- as the rise in living costs continues and it becomes more evident that management is firmly opposed to an increase in real wages until there is measurable improve- ment in productivity. - 12 - (b110 itsi 14 (6 1:4 IV lir El Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 11 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 wswareagyis C C a DISTRIBUTION 1 The President 2,3,4,5 Secretary of State 6,7,8 Secretary of Defense 9 Secretary of the Army 10 Secretary of the Navy 11,.,... . . Secretary of the Air Force 12 Spetial Assistant to the President, W.A.Harriman 130.4,15 Chairman, National Security Resources Board 16,17 Executive Secretary to the National Security Council 18 Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Air 19 ..... . . . Secretary, Joint Chiefs of Staff 20 Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff 21,22 Chief of Staff, US Army 23,24,25 Chief of Naval Operations 26,27,28 Chief' of Staff, US Air Force 29 Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, Operations, US Army 30 Deputy Chief of Staff, (OperationS), Air Force 31 Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Operations) 32 Director of Plans and Operations, US Air Force 33,34,35. . . . .Special Assistant, Intelligence, Department of State 36,37,38,39,40,41, 42,43,44,45,100 Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2, Intelligence, US Army 46,47,48,49,50,51, 52,53154155,56, 57,58,59,60. Director of Naval Intelligence 61,62,63,64,65,66, 67,68,69. . Director of Intelligence, Headquarters, US Air Force 70 Director of Intelligence, Atomic Energy Commission 71 Executive Secretary, Military Liaison Committee, - Atomic Energy Commission 72,73,74,75,76,77, 78,79,80,81,82, 83,84,85; . . Chief Acquisition and Distribution Div. OCD State 86 Chief, Policy Planning Staff, Department of State 87 USAF Rep. on Joint Strategic Survey Committee 88 Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation 89,90 Administrator, Economic Cooperations Administration 91 Deputy Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff 92 Secretary, Joint Intelligence Group, Joint Staff 93 Deputy Director, Joint Staff 94,95,96 Director Armed Forces Security Agency 97 Ambassador at Large, Philip C. Jessup 98 Secretary of the Air Force 99 Assistant Secretary of the Treasury aSiEet Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 classified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 CIA-R0P78-01617A002400140001-9 P.9.0144 Ifez W9 CIW1 Cle=. C-c In TO: TS Momo A 4 - ?pr 77 k ir.G. 77/1763 BY: 0107 S cnr FzAlease 2013/04/12 CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9 U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-01617A002400140001-9