THE AFRO-ASIAN PEOPLES' SOLIDARITY ORGANIZATION 1961 - 1962

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-00915R001400270002-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 30, 1998
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: November 27, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
25X1A2g
WORKING PAPER
THE AFRO-ASIAN PEOPLES' SOLIDARITY ORGANIZATION 1961 - 1962
27 November 1962
This is not an officially approved publication of CIA. It is circulated
for information subject to the enclosed statement of limitations.
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4811111!"
TLTE AIRO-ASIAN PEOPIREP SOIXDARITI CRGUirtATION
1961 - 1962
21 November 1952
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I. Intreduction
This. paper describes the activities and develop:gets of the
Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Ctrganisation (AAPSO) frog:April
1961-4ugust 1962. Prom those activities and developments it is
possible to draw the foliating conclusions.
1. The AAPSO has continued to serve the international
Communist moment as a, pro.Communist anti-Western instrument.
It hes continued to emphasise political agitation at the national
level in support of Soviet-bloc policies on the international
issues of anti-imperialise and anti-colonalism.
2. There bee been increased propaganda activity particularly
on the part of the national committees.
3. The Fund Committee and the International Committee to
Aid. Algeria and the Congo, semi-autonomous sub-committees of the
AAPSO, have been active in raising funds and coordinating aid to
support militant nationalist groups in their struggle against
imperialism and neo-colonialism.
4. Tbr Sino-Soviet conflict has given rise to some dissension
within the Secretariat of the .AAPSO and has hampered the effective-
ness of its efforts to exPand the AAPSO to include Latin America.
5. Doe to Sino-Soviet conflicts the VAR maybe able to
strengthen its influence within the orgAnization.
U. Organization
The AAPSO Executive Committee met in Gaza from 9-11 December
1951 and continues to be the policy-making body of the organization.
TWenti-three of the 27 member countries were represented at the
Gaza meetings Absentees were representatives of Mango Liberia,
3omalia4 and. Pakistan. Of the 23 delegations present, 18 consisted
of Ccemainiste or African Estionslista sympathetic to the Coemunist
group.
Although, when initial-144ot up, the Executive Committee was to
include only one member from each designated country, at Gaza the
delegations were considerably larger. The largest single dele-
gation was that of the Chinese People's Republic with:7 members.
The Soviet group was next largest with 6 delegates. Both these
delegations included Party leaders (e.g. 2 Chinese delegates, Liao
Cheng-Chi and Liu Bleg i are Central Committee members of the
Chinese Communist Party).
Ix:addition to regular delegates 14 observer delegations attended.
All of these except the groups from Oman and "Palestine" were
Ccemuniets representing Bloc countries and International Communist
Fronts or African sympathizers of the Communist Bloc.
SITBEIPmm
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During late 1961 sal 1962 the AAPSO Permanent Secretariat has
for the first tine since its establiehment operated. at full strength.
The Secretariat is still Comenmist-dceinated. Its membership consists
of 5 Comandst Party members from USSR, China, Japan, Lelia, and
Isionesia; Africanas from flganda, Congo, Guinea, and Cameroun,
who have consistently followed either the Soviet or Chinese lead; an
Zraqi whose public statenents are generally favorable to the Chinese
line; an Algerian, a newcomer about whom little is known although
his predecessor was a consistent Chinese supporter. Sousse el
sxs_itbe Secretary General, an Egyptian, is probably the only anti-
Commlet on the board. The Secretariat represents the entire it
of Comannist thinking fres the flexible Soviet to the most militant
Chinese line. This sitwation has caused considerable internal friction.
On east questions, however, coneromise has enable the Secretariat
to carry out its function. Notable exceptions are mentioved In
DozsgreiPh7, PalP 2.
The fallowing organizatiosal changes were approved at the Gaza
Feaeoutive Ceamittee Meatless
A. The Women's Liaison Ccemd.ttee was enlarged from 6-10 members,
3 of whom, representing Africa Asia and. the VAN, were directed to
remain In Cairo attached to tit; Permanent Secretariat.
B. A Liaison Committee composed of repavsentatives of the youth
organisations in Tangenrika, Angola, Nigeria, Morocco, Korea (North),
Iraq, sad Ceylon was established and directed to convene semi-
annually during Executive Comanittee meetings. Its duties include
the formulating of an Afro-Asian youth policy and the drawing Up
of programs and projects to be executed during the year.
Applications for neat ership in the AAPSO were accepted from the
National. Democratic uili011 of Mozambique and the Popular' Party of
Brunei.
Although not mentioned in the report of the Executive Ccmaittee
meeting, activities of a Netional Solidarity Committee of Ma3.i were
noted for the first time during early 1962.
The Executive Consittee at Gaza also attempted to lw the ground
wee* for further coordiration o the Afro-Asian and. 'Atte American
"liberation struggles." This effort, however, was hampered by
Sino-Soviet differences of opinions. The major bone of contention
between the Chinese and the &mists regarding plans for an Afro-
Asian-Latin-Jimerican Conference concerns acceptance of the World
Peace Council as a co-sponsor of the conference. Through this device
the USSR seeks apparently to inject reliable individuals fres the
areas concerned into key positions where they can keep both the
themes and the organizational aspects of the Three-Continent Conference
memommi
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consistent with Soviet policies. Soviet insistence on WPC sponsor-
ship met with sharp Chinese resistance and further discussion of the
Issue was postponed.
This question was again taken up at the World Peace Council
Bureau meeting in Stockholm, which followed immediately after the
Gaza Conference and at which the AAPSO was represented by a
delegation led by Elan Mei, an Executive Committee member fras
Earth Vietnam, Mahal Ben Barka of Morocco, also from the AAPSO
Executive Committee, and all the menhers of the Permanent Secre-
tariat except the Egyptians, who at the last minute were refused
salt visas by Abd-el-Easser. Sino-Soviet differences were once
more apparent. This time, too, it was evident that the AAPSO Secre-
tariat was badly split. The Soviet was strongly supported by the
Indian Secretary. The Africans, particularly the Guinean, supported
the Chinese position. Mei and Ben Barka, however, advocated
compromise in an effort to conciliate the opposing forces. The
issue was left unresolved and remains a continuing area of dissension
within the Secretariat. As of August 1962 no communise has been
reached and. plans for the Three*Continent Coeference remain in
abeyance.
W. Activities
The General Declaration of the Executive Committee of the
AAPSO released in Gaza in December 1961 outlined the program fee
1962. This declaration was militantly anti-West, anti-lewerialist,
and anti-U.S. It generally supported Communeist-bloc poLiciee on the
international issues of anti-Imperialism and anti-colonialisee
declaration maintained' that "whenever people are fighting for national
independence and sawereignty they find. themselves face to face with
an international common front headed. by the U.S." It also declared
that "the revival of Japanese mi.Utarism as well as West Germs
militarism to serve the objectives of 11.8, imnerialisle constitutes
a grave danger to the cause of peace. . *. The Executive Cansittee
underlines the seceseity of conclaling a peace treaty with both
German states. . .The caseittee is convinced that the problem of
world peace is linked to the anti-colonial struggle and to the struggle
of peoples for their independence."
Activities implementing this policy are directed by the Peresueent
Secretariat supported. by the l'und Coinnittee, the Comaittme for Aid to
Maoria and the Congo and. the National Solidarity Committees and fall
Within two general categories: propaganda, and. material support for
national liberation novenents.
Pronaginda,
The Secretariat kw released a continuing flow of violently
anti.ingeria.Ust, anti-western, anti-U.S. statement. Seee were
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in support of specific liberation movements (a. g. West Irian, law,
South Korea, Southern Rhodesia, Okinawa, Zanzibar); same supported
individuals aLlegedly victimized by Western LeperiaLists such as
ressumba and Gizeuga; some castigated U.S. activity in Cuba and
Barth Vietnam% and the British military moves in the Near East; others
ccamemorated anniversaries, e. a. Sharpeville riots and the Bandung
Conference. All of them, hcwevers clearly denounced. the West and
pointed out the virtues of the "eeace-lerting" people of the Sim
-
armlet Bloc. In addition to statements and press releases, cables
were sent to Mr. Adoula COMISOBELOg the "brutal treasures" taken by
his goverzment against Weems and to the Acting Secretary General
of the United Nations protesting Gizenga's arrest. Rallies were
held in support of a1ui3.ar objectives at which speakers excoriated
the United. States aa leaders of the Western Imperia.tista and "days"
awl "weeks" were set aside by the Secretariat to support these same
ends.
The Secretariat has also continued to publish the Afro.tAsian
Bulletin on a regular bi-monthly basis. The Bulletin lass grasn
in size and is disseminated as guidance to alet-Earoza. committees
and affiliated organizations. The Bulletin is published In 3 3sa-
~so Arabic, English, and Preach, in illISUG3 at 2,000 copies.
The 1962 AAPSO budget also provides for the Afro-Asian Quarter],
intended tor the "inte13Actua1s" of the movement (no copiesslowevery
have as rat appeared).
National Committees have supported the propaganda effort on the
local level. They too have issued statements organized rallies,
and issued publications designed to rouse local feeling against the
West and support lames traditionally exploited by the Sino-Soviet
Bloc.
Tbe Soviet National Solidarity. Cosmittee lees been most active.
For example, the Soviet committee organized popular meetings in
Moscow on the occasion of the signing of the amase-fire agreement
in Algeria. The Soviet committee issued a statement protesting
against the "flagrant armed intervention of American imperialists
in the affairs of South Vietnam" sad cabled a message to the Permanent
Secretariat denouncin,g the "unfair and illegal imprisonment at the
great leader of the Congolese Movement and warning the U.N. against
the consequences of mistreating Mr. Gizenga."
Similar cables, rallies, and statements have emanated repeatedly
from the committees of Mongolia, Ceylon, Vietnam,
Korea, Indonesia,
the Chinese People's Republic and may others. The Indian Afro
Asian Solidarity committee ha: organized branches In the provinces,
ail of which have sponsored mass sestinas and rallies in support
of Afro.Asian liberation struggles and Um Ceylon Afro-Asian
Solidarity Association publishes :monthly bulletin modeled on that
of the Permanent Secretariat.
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The National. Ccamittees, particularly in the USSR and China,
also act as hosts to visitors from the underdeveloped areas whom
they treat with special, deference and expose to the customary vro-
Pagoda.
Although it in difficult to measure accurately the impact of
this propaganda effort, it is certain that the masses in the under-
developed areas of Asia. and Africa are being exposed. to an in-
creasing barrage trom both local and International AAPSO outlets.
Aid to Natioual Liberation-Movements
The AAPSO program for aid to national liberation movements
is conceived on the grand scale. Its stated intention is to
satisfy the material needs of popular forces in Afro-Asian
countries in their atruggle against imperialism. In contrast to
the AAPSO prolagenda program, vhich La now operating in high gears,
the aid program is still in a formative stage.
The Afro-Asian Fund Committee, established in 1960, is
responsible far raising funds and, vorking Edens policy lines
laid darn by the Executive Cassittee, far distributing money and
other material aid. The Fund Committee meets 3 times a :rear and
reports to the Executive Committee at its semi-annual meetings.
The report of the Punt Conadttee to the Executive Committee meeting
in Gaza and the minutes of the Fund Committee meeting held
sequently in in Cairo on 32 and 13 December 1961 reveal that, Moe meet
charitable organizations, the number and size of requests greatly
exceed the resources at hand. According to the report at Gaza the
fund had on hand a total of $79,000 ($31,000 in money ant material
from the UM, $402000 in materials from Casmuniat China, ant
$8,000 from ClUilleal)o At the Cairo Fund Caemittee meeting the
Chinese promised another $20, COO plus 30-50 scholarships for students.
The Soviet Solidarity Conadttee offered 10,000 rubles and the Soviet
delegate promised that in the UM "the masses will be mobilized
to ether all possible aid", and. meamdaile gave additional MEtteriala
valued at $11,000. The UAR delegate Puled ?alai agreed to "follow
up" on *20,000 which had been promised but not yet produced by the
UAR.
Although these assets appear relatively weer the rand Committee
had prospects for sizeable donations In the near future. In his
statement to the Executive Committee Mehdi Ben Barka reparted that
he and. Ibrahim Lusa had recently visited Lebanon, Iraq, Indonesia,
Earth Vietnam, Burma, Czechoelovakia, Poland, and. Headquarters of the
World Federation of Trade Wass, the International Organization of
&moralists, the Inbernaticeal Union of Students, and the World
Federation of Democratic Youth. They were warmly received in all
places Map Ben Barka continued, he felt that as a result of his tour
the Fund Cassaittee would be able to expand its activities.
ammeener"'""
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Sani ti z2poti ? luta; sRe I eatfaitel4arTrEttPag42901325M1.690034202 -5
Ccendttee, as of December 1961, bad already wanted unspecified
aessunts of aid to the following organization::
1. The General Secretariat of the All-African Peoples'
Conference.
2. The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Awls ,(MPIA).
3. The African Independenee Party of Portugiene Guinea, (PAZ).
4.Nations/ Mica of Rwanda.
5. African National Corgress (South Africa).
6. South African United. Front.
7. Mated. National Indepandence Party (Northern Rhodesia.).
S. Union of Caneroun People (UPC).
9. Won of West African Women.
10. The Samba Party (Niger) (in exile).
Requests had been received from but net as yet granted to:
1. Basutoland Congress Party.
2. National Party of Southern Rhodesia.
3. Organization of the African Peoples of the Southwest.
4.National African Congress of Tanonylka.
5. Omni Office.
6. Congress of All the Peoples of Sierra leans.
7. Zanzibar National Party.
S Congress of Peoples of Uganda.
9. United Party of Stational Independence.
10. Party of the National Union of Ruand.a-Urundi.
11. Committee of African Organizations in London.
12. All African Peoples' Conference.
Two factors maks it impossible at the present time to gauge the
degree Me success or Fund Committee activity. Available information
dates back to the Becester 1961 committee reports which leave in
suspense the actual fulfillment of promised donations. Although the
Funs Committee it again on 25-26 September 1962 in Conakry, there
has been no specific information concerning that meeting. Once again
the meeting was imld behind closed doors and, the official statements
issued for publication merely called for increased. contributions for
liberation movements and stated that the committee Ise played a
positive role and achieved. ix:wort:at successes. Furthermore, there
are scam indications that, for security reasons, fund operations cry
now, in May cases, be covert. (This question of security was brought
up at the December meeting by Fu'ad ?alai, who emphasized the need.
for taking security precautions, since "the imperialists could sake
use of such information against the organizations which we are aiding.")
The vent meeting at the Fund. Comadttee is scheduled to coincide with
the 3rd Afro-Asian Pet:Ties' Solidarity Conference scheduled for early
January and more up-to-date information should be forthcoming.
aumennim
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In addition to the Fund Committne, the In'ternational Cammitfte
to Aid Algeria and the Congo (=AC) was established to give special
attention to these very important areas. Its objective is to provide
both propaganda and. saterial support* the latter to be raised from
Taco /sources and. from .AAPSO National Committees, Currently the
ICAAVs main efforts are being centered on making amalgamate
for a group of liners to defend Oisengs against the charges of the
laopoliville government. In this ocameetion the camstttee has soli-
cited the help of the Afro-Asian Lawyers' Conferenoe* a grog
sponsored by the Intereationel Association of Demooratic lawyers,
ant ef Imelo Luzzato, an Italian Comemtat, as well as of the pro-
Cammuniet Belgian lawyer, Jules Chow* and hewn; from Cuba*
Guinea* and Joan.
The ICAAC includes save members ce the AAPSO Permanent Secretariat
but seta independently, albeit in cooperation with the Secretariat.
IV. ltelations with other Orit"Lo.n.s
The AAPSO has continued through the period. under review to
work closely with the All-African Peoples' Conference. Abdoulaye
Diallo* AAPC Seoretary General* participated in the December 1963.
meeting of the AAPSO Funl Committees, and In the Gaza Executive
Committee meeting. The AAPC received funds from the AAPSO and
the AAPSO has sent observer delegations to meetings of two AAPC-
affiliated groups* the Pan-African Youth Organisation (Conakry
April 1962) and the All-African Women's Conference (Dar-es-Saleam
July 1962).
he AAPSO has also sent observer delegations to the following
meetings: the World Peace Council, the Pan4tfrican Movement for
Freedom in East Central and South Africa (PAPMECSA), the International
Union of Students Seminar for African Students* the Congress of the
Morocco Union Nationale des Forces Populaires (=FP)* the African
Freedom Fighters' Conference and the Afro-Asian Jurists' Conference.
v. W_Afro.Asian Peoples' Soliderity_Coefereece
Preparations are nov under way for the 3rd. Afro-Asian Peoples'
Solidarity Conference. This smettug is scheduled to take-place
in early January 1963 in Der-es-Salaam,
'The locale chosen for this conference is *mother itei in the
wowing as of evidence that East Africa is now becoming a major
target for the Commemlet Bloc effort.
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The proposed agenda for the conference covers the following
topics:
1. Struggle for national independence and against colonialism,
neo-colonialiem, and imperialism.
2. Economic liberation and the development of national economy.
3. Liquidation of the vestiges of acaontallen in cultues1 and
social matters and the problems of cultural and social development.
4. Unity of Afro?Asian people and the consolidation of solidarity
with the peoples of Latin America.
In addition to these topics, it is probable that organizational
questions concerning the AAPSO itself will be brought upp e.g the
locale aid cceposition of the Permanent Secretariat and, the member-
ship of the executive coradttee (both of these bodies are regularly
scheduled for review at the biennial. eonference).
It has also been reported that action will be taken on applications
for admission to the AAPSO submitted by the following organizations:
1. The Peoples' Progressive Party of British Guiana.
2. The Independence Movement in Puerto Rico.
3. The Swaziland Progressive Party.
4. The Bechuanaland Peoples' Party.
5. The South African Congress of Democrats.
6. The Nigerian Peoples Party.
7. The Wade Union Congress of Nigeria (sic) - This probably
means the Independent United labor Congress of Nigeria.
8. The Friendship Association between Nigeria and Foreign
Countries.
9. The National Union of Remade.
It is noteworthy that the two Latin Anerican groups will be
the first organizations from that area to become wribers of the
AUSO.
tessmuch as there has been considerable dissension between the
Chinese and the Soviets at the Permanent Secretariat level, some
Sino-Soviet conflict will probably develop during the course of the
meeting. The position of the LIAR in case of such a controversy could
be significant. At the 2nd AAPSO Conference (Coneley 1960) the
Sino-Soviet Bloc changed the by-laws of the AAPSO to curtail LIAR
influence. The LIAR, however, has continued to support the organization.
During recent months, when alignments within the Secretariat have
apparently been made on the basis of Sino-Soviet differences, the
LIAR representative has supported the Soviet line. It is possible,
heaver, that LIAR pressure on neutralist delegations who will
sarticipate in the Dar-es-Salame Conference could result in changes
which would restore to the LIAR same of its former prestige.
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AP2IMIX
A. Plecutim Committee of the AAPBO
Represenbation on the Executive Committee La by country. The
individuals named beim igere imeders of their respective delegations'
at the most recent meeting of the Cottee held at (laza in December
1961.
Algeria
Congo
Cameroun
China
Ghana
Guinea
Iran
L1BSR
India
Iraq
Indonesia
Kenya
Liberia
Japan
Korea (North)
Lebanon
Morocco
Mongolia
Pakistan
Soma/la
Southem Rhodesia
Ben &boles, Ab4.414fo1ek
Antoine Tatham&
Often& Afars
Liao Cheng-Cbi
(no delegation at the Gaza meeting)
Camara Memedy
Zia al-Din Alai Tabetabi
AmatoLi Sofronov
lk Bei Ansa
Aba al Wahab al-Balloon
Bunito
Wera Ambitho
(no delegation at the Gaza meeting)
Shosaka Atai
Non Sul Ita
Meerut Salad el-Misri
!Saha Ben Barka
Ponterjal Carsbache
(no delegation at the Gaza meeting)
(no delegation at the Gaza meeting)
Washington Mallanga
'CERT
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South West Attics Jarnetundi losonguinl
Tunisia kobasenad Ben Zama
Winds All Nor Senyonga
UAR Ftead Geslal
Wets= (3orth) Lang Huai
Item Ibrahim Ali al-Vazir
B. Permanent Secrertarlat of the AAPSO
Secretary General WR Tousser el-Sibal
Deputy SecretAxy General - UAR Muni Wail a1-D1ts
Ultima Secretaries:
Algeria Abdel .Aziz Ben
Cameroun ?send. Afana
China Chu Tze-Chio Yang-Chl,
Congo Anicet Was/
Guinea Camara lene. Pal Diane
ULU N. Maim =eh
Indonesia Ibrahim lees
Iraq Abdel Wahab el. Balloon
Japan Masao Maze=
%Pads Paul Meal
USSR Latif M. RaksudDvs, Alenentionte
Topliachlne
C. rural Ccind.ttee
Camsroun ?sends Arena Weber
Mina Chu Tva-chi Vice Chains:ea
Guinea Toure Chairs=
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Indonesia Ibrahim Issa Menbar
Morose? Wadi Ben Barka Vice Chatham
MR read Waal *Mbar
USW
Anato Sammy limbo
Abdoulme Diana, Secretary General ar the All African Peoples
Conference, attends AWL Committee meetings as a Fraternal. Delegate.
De International Oommittee for Aid to Algeria and the Congo
Regesentatives of the following eountziee were designated
MeltherS by the AAPSO kaseutive Comeittem:
Algeria
China
Congo
?bans
Guinea
India
Indonesia
alai=
Itoroceo
Sudan
CAR
USSR
(Ante: Mans, Mali and Sudan love mot as pet participated. )
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