THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST FRONTS IN 1958

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
S
Document Page Count: 
243
Document Creation Date: 
November 11, 2016
Document Release Date: 
July 20, 1998
Sequence Number: 
3
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
September 1, 1958
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2.pdf8.23 MB
Body: 
NOFORN/CONTIN TROL 25X1A2g THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST FRONTS IN 1958 September 1958 copy N? 1 ET NOFORN/CONT1IT%Q-CONTROL Sanitized - Approved For Release: 3-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST FRONTS 5-E>*-*_ T. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Page PREFACE 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 3 I. THE WORLD PEACE COUNCIL (WPC) 25 A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 25 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 47 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 48 D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 52 II. AFRO-ASIAN SOLIDARITY COUNCIL 57 A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 57 1. Officially Sponsored or Endorsed 57 2. Indirectly Backed and Related Activity 58 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 60 C. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 61 III. WORLD FEDERATION OF DEMOCRATIC YOUTH (WFDY) AND INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS (IUS) A. WFDY AND IUS ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-E-C- T Page 1. USSR and Bloc 63 2. Near East, Africa and the Far East 72 3. Western Europe 4. Latin America 5. WFDY-IUS Annual World Wide Celebrations 83 B. WFDY AND IUS PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 84 C. WFDY PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 87 D. WFDY ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 94 1. Reorganization of WFDY Headquarters, Budapest 94 2. WFDY Executive Committee Members 3. Elected by the Fourth WFDY Congress (August 1957). WFDY Membership Data 102 4. WFDY Finances 104 5. Seventh World Youth Festival Financing 105 E. IUS PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 107 1. Indoctrination and Training of Students 107 2. IUS Financial and Material Assistance 112 3. IUS Propaganda 114 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Page F. IUS ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 117 IV. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION (WIDF) 123 A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 123 1. Activities Sponsored by WIDF 123 2. Activities Sponsored by WIDF Affiliates 125 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 127 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 128 D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 131 V. WORLD FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS (WFTU) 139 A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 139 1. WFTU Activities 139 2. Activities of the Trade Unions Internationals 144 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 152 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 152 1. Training 152 2. Use of the International Solidarity Fund 156 3. Soviet Trade Union Contacts 157 D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 159 v 5-E- - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-E- -E-T VI. WORLD FEDERATION OF SCIENTIFIC WORKERS (WFSW) Page A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED / 163 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 166 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 167 D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 168 VII. THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS (IADL) 173 A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 173 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 174 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 175 D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 177 VIII. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF JOURNALISTS (IOJ) 179 A. ACTIVITIES HELD B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES IX. INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RESISTANCE FIGHTERS (FIR) A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 185 Vi 5-E- T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Page B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 186 C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 186 X. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING ORGANIZATION (OIR) 187 A. ACTIVITIES HELD B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES XI. THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR PROMOTION OF TRADE XII. UNION OF SOVIET SOCIETIES OF FRIENDSHIP AND CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF INTERNATIONAL FRONT MEETINGS 197 INDEX OF PERSONS Z07 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 This paper is intended to delineate the wide scope of activities of the International Communist fronts* in 1958, and to describe the organizational changes and developments in the programs of the fronts which indicate what may be expected in the future. The study is concerned primarily with the inter- national fronts, but it should not be forgotten that the activities of these affect vitally the activities of the national affiliates, which are in their own right important elements of the national Communist movement in their respective countries. Where possible, the material has been organized into four sections. The first lists activities which have taken place during 1958 or are scheduled to take place during the remainder of the year, and in some cases in 1959. The second category, "Proposed Activities", lists activities of considerable impor- tance, but which for one reason or another have not been scheduled as to time or place. The third section discusses changes and developments in the programs of the fronts, i.e. in the broader aspects of their policies and activities. The fourth section, "Organizational Notes", describes significant changes and policy factors concerning the organization and personnel of the fronts. Activities in the first section are in most cases arranged chronologically, except (for example in the WIDF-IUS Section) where a geographical or functional breakdown will better The International Medical Association (formerly the World Congress of Doctors) is omitted because it has been almost completely inactive recently. A section is added on the Union of Soviet Societies of Friendship and Cultural Rela- tions with Foreign Countries. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 illustrate the range of activities. Many front activities have a double (or triple) aspect: they may, for example, be spon- sored by WFDY especially to attract Afro-Asian youth, but may do so in the interest of the Soviet "peace" campaign run chiefly by the WPC. Although an attempt has been made to avoid duplication, it has occasionally been considered advisable to list the events under more than one category. The more important meetings and activities are empha- sized by full capitalization. 2 S-E-C- -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 1958 has been a very active year for the international Communist fronts. It may also prove to have been a critical turning point in their development and employment by the Communist movement. The many-faceted unity-of-action campaigns developed over the past years have, since Novem- ber 1957, converged and merged in direct support of the central Soviet political offensive in the "struggle for peace", as defined in the two manifestos issued in Moscow on the 40th Anniversary of the October Revolution in November 1957. This effort by the fronts during 1958 has had three aspects: support and encouragement of anti-colonialist national liberation movements; opposition to nuclear weapons tests, missile bases, and collective defense arrangements between Free World states, on the premise that they increase the risk of war; and promotion of the idea that the United States is aggressive and the primary threat to peace, free- dom, and international prosperity. The major international front organizations have worked more closely with one another than ever before, particularly in support of the WPC's peace campaign. As of mid-1958 there was abundant evidence that the fronts were evolving two distinct versions of the peace campaign--one directed in the main at the countries of Western Europe and the Anglo-Saxon nations, and another directed at the Afro-Asian and Latin American regions. Each treats all three of the main issues, but with a significant difference in emphasis. To the West, the stress is on describing "preconditions" for peace and the threat (and consequences) of war; to the Afro-Asian and Latin American areas emphasis is placed upon defense against S-E-CT Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 alleged Western aggression, support for national liberation movements, national economic development programs, and peaceful coexistence. In both, the role of the United States as the main obstacle to peace is energetically developed. To an ever-increasing extent the Afro-Asian area appears to be the prime focus of the front campaigns, followed closely by Latin America. The emergence of the Permanent Secretariat of the. Afro-Asian Solidarity Council in Cairo and of a coordi- nating board for the peace movement in Latin America expresses these priorities organizationally. The program for the Afro-Asian area has been focussed around three major campaigns: (1) opposition to "economic neo-colonialism", including the promoting of nationalization of foreign-owned enterprise, combined action to discourage Afro- Asian trade links with the West, encouraging oppo- sition to the European Common Market and the Eurafrica plan, and urging resistance to new for- eign capital investment in private enterprise; (2) support for national liberation of colonies and- recovery of "alienated" territories such as Goa, "West Irian" (Netherlands New Guinea), etc.; (3) encouragement of that version of Afro--Asian unity in which the Soviet bloc countries of Asia would be accepted as full and equal partners, entitled to pref- erential political, cultural, and economic treatment. Since May 1958, the first two campaigns have been steadily integrated into the general peace campaign of the fronts and the Soviet bloc governments. The international fronts have, in developing these campaigns, engaged in three kinds of organized effort toward Afro-Asia: 4 -E- -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 SE (1) expanding the international role and activities of their Afro-Asian affiliates and leaders through the organization of special gatherings, the assignment of major organizational tasks to them, and the holding of broad meetings in which maximum Afro-Asian participation is invited and publicized; (2) inspiring, supporting, and participating to the greatest extent possible in joint activities sponsored by unaffiliated Afro-Asian bodies of similar character; (3) publicizing and supporting Afro-Asian aims and aspirations in Western areas and in bodies such as the UN Specialized Agencies, where such support is most likely to be appreciated by the Afro-Asian peoples. Under the first heading are included such events as the meeting of Afro-Asian delegates at the World Peace Confer- ence in Stockholm in July, and the inclusion of substantially increased numbers of Africans and Asians in the executive bodies, editorial staffs, and international delegations of the fronts. Efforts to organize separate Afro-Asian gatherings under direct sponsorship of the major international fronts, often attempted in the past, have now apparently been dropped. Under the second heading, the creation of the Afro- Asian Solidarity Council and Secretariat in Cairo appears to be of critical importance. Since May 1958 in particular a series of Afro-Asian gatherings have been announced from Cairo by regional preparatory groups in which, without exception, Chinese affiliates of the international fronts are represented. These include projects for Afro-Asian confer- ences of youth, women, and economic organizations. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Under the third heading come the many appeals in support of Arab unity and Algerian liberation, etc. , directed by virtually all the fronts to the United Nations, and their support for such projects as Algeria Day (30 March). As of July 1958, front: affiliates from the Bloc were openly and directly providing well-publicized material assistance in the form of funds, medical and relief supplies, and medical care for the Algerian national liberation movement. In general, the program in Latin America follows the lines outlined in the foregoing pages concerning the Afro- Asian area. Efforts are being made to increase the effec- tiveness of this program, which so far lacks many of the dramatic features of recent events in the Middle East, by calls for solidarity between Latin America and the Afro- Asian areas. The similarity of the problems of the two areas is being highlighted, and contacts between front personalities from both are being stimulated through such devices as cam- paigns against US intervention in the Middle East. The intensification during 1958 of international front sponsorship and financial support of travel and bilateral contacts by personnel of national affiliates has been largely concentrated on Afro-Asia and Latin America. Material assistance to both affiliated and unaffiliated groups through the rejuvenated or newly-e stabli shed International Solidarity Funds, and to a lesser degree, intensified leadership training programs, have also been focussed in these areas. The program for Western Europe has, on the "peace" theme, centered on antimilitarism, opposition to German military resurgence, the genetic hazards of nuclear explo- sions, the horrors of war, and the economic consequences of large defense expenditures. On the anti-colonialism theme, it has advocated, non-intervention in the Middle East, popu- larized the trade advantages to be derived through accommo- dation with Afro-Asian nationalism, agitated against the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Eurafrica plan, and against the suspension or alleged violations of civil liberties in colonial territories. The anti-American theme has been developed by attributing to the United States the prime responsibility for the courses of action condemned under the two main themes described above and by parallel campaigns against U.S. racial dis- crimination and the behavior of U.S. military personnel in Europe. A tactical development of interest in the peace campaign for Europe is the trend toward the exploitation of bona fide gatherings and activities of pacifist, religious, and scientific groups. As of mid-1958, there was evidence that the Peace movement anticipated difficulties in carrying on its activities overtly and was encouraging its national affiliates to create new groups to carry on the various aspects of its program. In the following paragraphs there is presented a summary of the activity and direction of each of the major fronts during 1958, with some analysis of the significance of each. These analyses are followed by sections dealing in detail with each international Communist front organization. The World Peace Movement pressed to the fullest extent the propaganda advantage it gained from the Soviet announce- ment that atomic bomb tests would be stopped in the USSR. Much emphasis was placed in various World Peace Council publications and meetings on the power of "public opinion" (an expression abundantly used in the Peace Movement) to bring pressure on the United Nations to act towards ending atomic tests as well as to achieve the other "peace" campaign objectives--a Summit meeting, denuclearized zones in Europe and Asia, elimination of military pacts and bases, 7 5-E- - -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 admission of Communist China to the United Nations, non- intervention in the Middle East, making the Baltic a "Sea of Peace", peaceful coexistence, and increased cultural and economic exchanges between the Free World and the Soviet bloc countries. The WPC resumed its open partisanship of Soviet policies --moderated for a while in a weak attempt to appear non-partisan--and returned to open attacks on the United States as the root of all evil while avowing that the Soviet Union makes good, constructive suggestions acceptable to all peace-loving people. One of the objectives that has for years motivated the extensive WPC anti-colonialist campaign was also brought into the open at the Stockholm Conference in July. Many of the prominent delegates declared upon their return to their respective countries that the World Peace Movement would. in the future be indissolubly linked with the movements for national "liberation". KUO Mo-jo, Chinese peace leader, went so far as to say that the WPC had almost wandered into the path of "unprincipled pacifism" in the past but had corrected this (implied) deviation by its actions at Stockholm. Greater effort on the part of the WPC was expended in "colonial'a.reas of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Mem- bers of the Secretariat were sent to these areas to direct the work there, trips were made to further the revival of dormant peace committees, and reorganizations were made under new names where the peace committees were overly exposed as Communist-dominated, such as the Colombian Institute for International Cooperation. In this, certain parallels to the campaign in Western Europe can be observed. Public claims that the World Peace Council and the International Institute of Peace (IIP) are separate organiza- tions have almost ceased. The Organizing Committee for the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-ESE-T Stockholm Conference of the WPC was openly set up in Vienna at the UP headquarters, meetings of the WPC took place there during the year, and members of the Secretariat when queried about plans for WPC headquarters replied that it would be in Vienna. Generally speaking, the World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY) and the International Union of Students (IUS) appear to regard their organizational fortunes as having improved since early 1957. They weathered the repercus- sions of youth unrest in the Soviet bloc, particularly in Hungary, aided by the Suez Crisis and by the Moscow World Youth Festival. They exploited the Suez Crisis by waging an all-out propaganda campaign of "outrage" over imperialist aggression against Egypt, just as they are now exploiting the current Middle East crisis. In doing so, they sought, with some success: (a) to divert world attention from the position of youth within the Soviet bloc and from the WFDY-IUS betrayal of Hungarian youth in particular; (b) to recover some of their lost prestige by portraying the WFDY-IUS as ardent "champions" of nations struggling to retain or gain their independence; and (c) to stimulate widespread interest in and support for local and national Festival preparatory and "report-back" activities, and large-scale Free World participation in the Moscow World Youth Festival itself. Both the WFDY and the IUS were organizationally strengthened by these world-wide activities and by the suc- cessful convocation in Moscow of their jointly-sponsored Sixth World Youth Festival in July-August 1957. The pro- Soviet propaganda impact of the Festival on some 20, 000 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 non-Bloc participants * and 743 foreign correspondents was heightened by the apparent absence of controls and restric- tions (which were deliberately relaxed or suspended during the Festival) and by the carefully contrived, dramatic mani- festation of the Soviet Union's interest in peaceful coexist- ence generally, and, more specifically, in the problems of the non-Bloc participants. Most favorably influenced were the Festival participants from the underdeveloped areas, who were flattered by the red-carpet treatment given them personally and the importance and attention given to problems of burning concern to them. They were also more impressed with the visible signs of Soviet social and economic progress than were participants from the industrialized and more highly developed areas of the world. Moreover, the psycho- logically favorable reaction to the Soviet technical achieve- ment in launching the two "sputniks" in the fall of 1957 served to stimulate Free World youth's interest in the Soviet Union, which the WFDY-IUS exploited. Today the political climate and exploitable issues are more conducive to broad unity-of-action and mass support of the WFDY and the IUS among Free World youth than in early 1957. This is particularly true in the colonial and under- developed areas of the world. Consequently, both the WFDY and the IUS, in an effort to reap all benefits possible, have expanded and diversified their announced programs of action for 1958 so that they cater to virtually all special needs and varying interests of young people in each country and region. All affiliated organizations have been urged to broaden as widely as possible their relations with members and non- member national and international organizations, through About 7, 500 of these were from the target areas--i.e. the areas of primary interest to the Soviets from the stand- point of infiltration, gaining influence, etc. 10 S -E -C - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 direct contacts and bilateral and multilateral exchanges, in order to assist the WFDY and IUS to secure the closest possible cooperation with such organizations. Emphasis has been placed by WFDY and IUS on stimulating and supporting activities that serve as a "bridge" and draw bona fide groups into desired contact with the WFDY and IUS. Great effort is being made to build up large cadres of leaders in each specialized field of youth and student organi- zation work from the local to the international level. To provide affiliated organizations with greater assistance in improving their work and increasing their effectiveness, the WFDY and IUS are also bringing more "leaders" to their central headquarters for guidance and discussions and are sending more of their own officials on prolonged field trips to meet with local leaders and activists and provide them with "on-the-spot" advice and assistance. Such visits also pro- vide them with an opportunity for transfer of necessary funds with which to carry on local operations. Moreover, material and financial assistance by WFDY and IUS to affiliates appears to be on the increase. International exchange of correspondence is also being heavily pushed by the WFDY and IUS, with particular directives issued to maintain correspondence contact with all persons who attended the Moscow World Youth Festival or took part in any of its preparatory activities. Organizationally, the WFDY and the IUS have the pros- pect of extending their influence in the Afro-Asian world as a result of the Cairo Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference's decision to establish a regional organization for youth, with affiliates throughout the area. Both WFDY and IUS were officially represented at this Conference by observers and have officially supported implementation of the Conference's Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 decisions. WFDY now claims to have 94 affiliates in the Afro- Asian region with a combined membership of some 35 million young people. (It is assumed that Communist China, North Korea and North Vietnam are included in these figures, and represent the overwhelming majority of the claimedmem- bership. ) The WFDY and the IUS are utilizing preparations for the Seventh World Youth Festival in late July 1959 in Vienna to strengthen themselves organizationally. Many local, national and regional Festival "preparatory" committees created for the Moscow Festival have continued to function and, in many cases, have become "permanent" bodies. On 20 May 1958 the Executive Board of UNESCO recom- mended that the UNESCO General Conference reject the latest WFDY and IUS applications for consultative status. In their concerted drive for UN recognition of some sort, both WFDY and IUS are seeking to establish closer working relations with other Specialized Agencies of the UN, such as FAO, WHO, ILO, etc. Looking to the future, their affiliates have also been instructed to do everything possible to demonstrate sup- port of UNESCO and build up documentary proof of their good faith and eligibility for status. Support of the Soviet Peace offensive and the champion- ing of the national liberation and anti-colonial movements constitute the major propaganda efforts of the WFDY and IUS. As a result, particular targets a.re youth and student organi- zations in the underdeveloped and colonial areas of the world, as well as overseas student organizations. 12 5-E- --T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 During the past year the following factors have played a significant role in helping the Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF) extend its influence: (1) increased organizational activity generated among WIDF affiliates throughout the world at all levels in preparation for the Fourth WIDF Congress, held in Vienna, 1-5 June 1958, and in implementation of its program; (Z) more direct guidance and assistance given key leaders of WIDF affiliates not only by the WIDF but also by experienced functionaries of the WIDF affiliates; (3) greater effort by WIDF to stimulate national and regional activity, as well as to expand bilateral and multilateral exchanges and assistance of all types; (4) increased indoctrination and formal and informal training of leaders of women's organizations not only by the WIDF but also by its affiliates; (5) more tailored propaganda materials provided to WIDF affiliates, as well as financial and material assistance needed to publish and disseminate their own propaganda. In addition, improved coordination and implementation of WIDF policies and programs is expected to result from the more frequent contacts and discussions WIDF representatives have with key women leaders at the many national and inter- national meetings they attend, as well as from the decision of the WIDF's Permanent International Committee of Mothers (PICM) in February 1958 to establish nine permanent regional representatives for liaison with women's groups in their respective areas. S -E -C - - - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-EZ\JL-_E-T The WIDF's major propaganda effort for the "defense of women and children"- -like that of other international Com- munist fronts--is in support of the Soviet peace offensive and the championing of national liberation and anti -colonial move- ments. However, the WIDF supports these and other pro- Soviet political objectives by couching WIDF propaganda in terms emotionally appealing to women and by tailoring the propaganda to the specific problems, grievances, aspirations and fears of women in specific target countries and areas. This permits maximum impact of such propaganda locally and helps bring growing success to local campaigns for unity of action on matters of mutual concern. This is particularly true in Japan and other countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, in which the WIDF and its PICM claim to have gained many affiliates since 1957. Twelve organizations in these areas are reported to have either joined the WIDF, or expressed an interest in doing so, since 1957. Unidentified organizations in twelve countries--at least seven of which are in these areas--reportedly affiliated with the PICM since 1957. The WIDF has officially endorsed the decisions of the December 1957 Cairo Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference and urged implementation of the resolutions concerning women and child welfare programs. It will probably also support and exploit the Afro-Asian Women's Conference, scheduled to be held in Cairo in late 1959. Carmen Zanti, WIDF Secretary General, attended the Cairo Conference as an official observer for WIDF. Should any new local or regional Communist-front organizations for women emerge in Asia and Africa, it is expected that such fronts will be closely linked with the WIDF; the initiative in their formation will be taken by women active in WIDF affiliates, probably in the Arab world. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 It is important, however, to note that bona fide women's organizations in Asia and Africa are cognizant of the real need for establishing some legitimate and constructive means whereby women in these areas may help one another in the solution of their pressing problems. At the Asian-African Women's Conference in Colombo in February 1958 the first concrete steps were taken to counter Communist efforts to exploit the legitimate aspirations of women in these areas. During 1958 the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) called upon its affiliates to participate actively in numerous situations of a strictly political nature. The major WFTU propaganda effort in 1958 was in support of the Soviet "!peace" campaign. This propaganda program was adopted by the WFTU at its 4th World Congress held in Leipzig, East Germany, in 1957. Resolutions adopted at the 17th Session of the Executive Committee (30 March - 2 April 1958) spelled out the general tactics to be followed by the WFTU and its affiliates in carrying out this campaign. Two regional meetings, the European Trade Union and Workers Conference Against the Threat of War and for Peace, Berlin, June 1958 and the First Workers Conference of the Baltic Countries held in Rostock, July 1958, were conducted by the WFTU to implement the "Peace" propaganda theme. The Administrative Committees of certain Trade Union Inter- nationals of the WFTU reiterated the propaganda themes in resolutions adopted at their meetings and published such statements in their respective TUI Bulletins. The present focus of WFTU activities on the Afro-Asian area sterns also from the 4th World Congress of that organization in October 1957. At that time M. Sugiri, a former head of the Foreign Relations Department of SOBSI (the Indonesian trade union organization) was named as Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 WFTU Secretary in charge of the Afro-Asian Section of the Department for Relations with National Centers. The 4th Congress also adopted a resolution calling for the creation of an International Trade Union Committee for Solidarity with Algerian Workers. This resolution called upon all trade unions to make 15 November 1957 a day of action and struggle under the slogan "National Independence and Peace in Algeria". The Executive Committee at its 17th Session, 30 March - 2 April 1958, invited. national trade union centers to set up an International trade Union Committee for Solidarity with Algerian Workers and further recommended that all trade unions support the Algerian people. The WFTU reported in its World Trade Union News of 16-30 June 1958 that the Soviet trade unions had sent clothing, food and medical supplies for the Algerian rebels through the International Confederation of Arab Trade Unions in Cairo. The FDGB (Communist-controlled trade union federation) of East Germany was reported to have sent similar consignments to the Algerian Red Crescent. In addition East Germany was reported to have received wounded Algerian rebels. Contri- butions from. Czech trade unions were forwarded via the Red Cross of Czechoslovakia. WFTU preoccupation with Afro-Asian affairs was also indicated in resolutions adopted at the 17th Session of the Executive Committee which pledged support of the Permanent Secretariat for Afro-Asian Solidarity. At the same time all trade unions were called upon to support the struggles of the peoples of Indonesia, Cyprus and South Africa. The First World Trade Union Conference of Young Workers sponsored by WFTU in July 1958 adopted resolutions Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (1) opposing American-British intervention in the Middle East, (2) expressing solidarity with the peoples of Cyprus, (3) opposing atomic tests in the Sahara, (4) supporting the unification of Korea and the independence of the Cameroons (French), and (5) demanding amnesty for political prisoners on Madagascar. The 18th Session of the Executive Committee in July 1958 was devoted entirely to the question of the Middle East Crisis. During 1958 assistance was forwarded by the International Solidarity Fund to trade unions in Ceylon, Australia and Tunisia, still another indication of WFTU interest in this area. In order to increase the number of its adherents, the WFTU has devoted a major portion of its organizational effort during 1958 to the over-all program of trade union unity. At the 17th Session of the Executive Committee Louis Saillant, Secretary General of WFTU, outlined the steps necessary to achieve trade union unity as follows: (1) Unite the workers in each country and help them to unite with all social sections who are actively working for peace. (2) Be at the head of every mass struggle and every decisive action to achieve peace objectives. (3) Increase the exchange of fraternal delegations. A second major attempt by the WFTU to win new adherents was its campaign to win the support of young workers. After Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 nearly two years of preparation the First World Trade Union Conference of Young Workers was held in Prague in July 1958. Lazaro Pena, a WFTU Secretary, in addressing the Conference pointed out that young workers represent a considerable portion of the total labor force and that the labor movement could by their action acquire new forces capable of removing old prejudices standing in the way of trade union unity. A third organizational development, although not directly a part of WFTU activity, should not be overlooked--the direct Soviet contact with non-Communist trade unions. Early in 1958 V. V. Grishin, Chairman of the All Union Central Council of Trade Unions, was reported as stating that it was necessary "to extend friendly contacts with trade unions of the capitalist and colonial countries. " This policy was implemented by the travel of high-ranking Soviet labor leaders to Egypt, Finland, France and Uruguay in the first half of 1958. Since the heads of Soviet delegations are usually important figures in the WFTU, this tactic will probably lend prestige to the WFTU organizational efforts in the countries visited by the Soviets. The Afro-Asian Solidarity Council has, as of mid-1958, become active, with Soviet bloc support, in organizing gatherings of youth, women's, and economic groups. With the exception of the national Afro-Asian Solidarity Committees already operating in the area, and such Egyptian bodies as the Supreme Council of Youth Welfare, other national bodies likely to support these initiatives have not yet been identified. The national affiliates of the established international fronts are, however, expected to concentrate on encouraging and participating in the work of new national preparatory 18 5 -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 ST committees for Afro-Asian gatherings and on pressure campaigns to induce national governments to support the programs and resolutions advocated by the regional gatherings. In this effort, the results of such official gatherings as the Conference of Independent African Countries (Accra, 15-22 April 1958) will be exploited by the fronts. National non-Communist mass organizations will be encouraged to cooperate with the major international fronts. Where significant resistance is encountered, components of these national groupings will be encouraged to affiliate with the fronts. Close bilateral relationships with Bloc affiliates of the fronts are also being encouraged, and it is likely that the most effective Communist-dominated affiliates in the Afro-Asian world--such as the All-India Trade Union Congress, the Indonesian trade union organization SOBSI, etc. --will expand their external activities along these lines as well. It should be noted that in spite of many past efforts by Bloc trade union grganizations to create an Afro-Asian regional trade union organization, this field is the one in which the international fronts have so far been least successful. However, with the present more radical Communist attitude on the question of national independence for African colonial territories, including support for opposition forces in countries with pro-Western governments, and support for Arab nationalist unity, pro-Communist trade union leaders in these territories may be able to enhance appreciably their influence in the national trade union movement and liberation movement. In the more stable independent countries of Africa and Asia, they are likely to encounter, however, increased governmental resistance to the extension of Communist influence in the national trade union field through these tactics. 19 5-E- - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The prospects for Communist success in these front efforts are good in the African colonies, reasonably good in the Middle East, and fair in South Asia. Their principal advantages in the independent countries of the area are likely to be the general fear of war and reluctance' to risk alienating the Soviet bloc. A significant vulnerability of the front campaign in the more mature Afro-Asian countries arises from the vigorous Communist campaign against Yugoslavia and revisionism, since a number of key collaborators of the fronts, particularly in South Asia, appear to have been alienated as a result of these campaigns. However, while the Yugoslavs and their collaborators oppose both certain aspects of the Soviet bloc concept of the peace campaign and of the proper course to be followed in national economic development of underdeveloped countries--both central issues of the front programs--their vigorous anti- colonialist stand on such questions as Western military intervention in the Middle East and Algerian independence has obscured the critical questions likely to embarrass the Moscow/Peiping-directed fronts. The more radical Soviet bloc attitudes toward national liberation struggles in Africa may also prove of overriding importance in that area. Continued cooperation and support for front activity by at least one major independent Afro-Asian government- -like that rendered to the Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference by the Egyptian Government--is indispensable for further Communist success in exploiting Afro-Asian aspirations and issues. The World Federation of Scientific Workers (WFSW) tried, as it had done for the past two years, to regain "respectability" and become eligible for consultative status in UNESCO, in which it already has "informal relations." (It was recommended in May 1958 by the UNESCO Executive Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Board that the current application be rejected; if the UNESCO General Conference concurs with the rejection, the application may, however, be brought up again in two years.) To this end members have been instructed to avoid any action that mgith be interpreted as political, biased or partial to socialist countries. The organization went so far as to decline cooperation with the WPC in connection with the World Confer- ence for Disarmament and International Cooperation held in Stockholm in July 1958, the first time full cooperation with the WPC had not been given. Activities will, at least outwardly, be based on strictly scientific subjects but a great many of these subjects will be in the realm of sociology-- i.e., the rights, wages, conditions and living standards of scientific workers, and their training. Actually, the only scientific subject of apparent interest to this organization is atomic energy, and it may be expected to take full advantage of the Soviet "line" in this field. The International Association of Democratic Lawyers (IADL) is seeking to regain its lost prestige, especially in Western Europe, and to forego (or at least to conceal) its former preoccupation with defending or ignoring injustices in the Soviet bloc countries. However, it will continue to condemn and criticize every legal action in the Free World against blocking the spread of Communism or its activists. ,It may also be expected to give a great deal of attention to aiding developments in "colonial" and "semidependent" countries leading toward the fulfillment of Soviet ambitions. While admitting it has been too occupied with political affairs in the past, the IADL is now busily building up a line of argument that political and legal matters are closely connected and cannot be considered basically as separate matters. The International Organization of Journalists (IOJ) has continued to develop its activities in connection with its Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 "unity-of-action" campaign. These activities have consisted of increased propaganda and visits of delegations, and the active support and promotion of international and regional conferences of journalists. These tactics have enabled the IOJ to achieve some measure of success in broadening its influence among journalists. Increased activity by the International Broadcasting Organization (OIR), started in 1957, has continued into 1958. Prior to 1958 only one non-Communist country, Finland, was represented in the OIR. The OIR therefore was not so much a "front" as it was an outright Communist organization. This f-act rendered less effective its efforts to promote Soviet propaganda objectives, and also handicapped the OIR in developing relations with other broadcasting organizations. To overcome this isolation the OIR has proposed that UNESCO consider convening an international conference of existing broadcasting organizations, and has also proposed a joint conference with the European Broadcasting Union. Addi- tionally, the OIR has proposed the creation of a new world organization attached to UNESCO in which it would be a founder member. To gain respectability and acceptability among non- Communist broadcasting organizations the OIR has adopted a posture of moderation in its propaganda and has devoted more attention to the purely technical aspects of radio and television development. The uncommitted countries of Asia and Africa appear to be of particular interest to the OIR and increasing attention is being devoted to these areas. The International Federation of Resistance Fighters (FIR), as a European organization of former resistance fighters, 22 014 SE- - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 political prisoners, concentration camp inmates, and other victims of Fascism, is probably the most closely identified of all the international front organizations with the task of fighting against the "resurgence of German militarism" and the "revival of nazism and fascism. It FIR's activities are directed toward mobilizing public opinion and other resistance organizations against these allegedly-existing menaces, and particularly against NATO which, according to FIR, is responsible for the alleged revival of German militarism and fascism. At the same time FIR actively promotes the Soviet "peace" objectives. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1. THE WORLD PEACE COUNCIL (WPC) A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. Day for Banning Nuclear Weapons, 1 March 1958. 2. World Peace Council (WPC) Bureau Meeting, New Delhi, 22-24 March 1958. This meeting was held primarily to prepare for the July Conference for Disarmament and International Cooperation in Stockholm. Delegates from 29 countries were received by Prime Minister Nehru, and his relative Rameshwari Nehru, who is active in the Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee, addressed the meeting. Although the group had asked to be received, initial press reporting of the visit con- veyed the false impression that Nehru had addressed the body in its official capacity. The distortion was promptly corrected by an official government press release, which deplored the original tendentious news stories. Tass of 22 March reported that "eminent Indian public and political ,leaders attended a reception for the delegates given by the All-Indian Peace Council.... Speakers at the conference stressed that many new groups, organizations and individuals had joined the struggle for peace in many countries... The session considered ways and means of bringing about an end to atomic tests, disarma- ment and a summit meeting...." Three documents were issued at the meeting: a formal announcement of the Conference on Disarmament and International Cooperation and its agenda; a condemnation Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 of foreign "interference" in Indonesia; and a call for Algerian independence and an end to the Algerian war. These documents paralleled in substance a speech delivered by Nikita Khrushchev on 14 March in which he invoked public opinion in support of Moscow propaganda objectives. It has been reported that there was considerable dissension at the meeting over the sharpness of the language of the resolutions on Middle East events. 3. Day of Solidarity with Algeria, 30 March 1958. Initiated by the Afro-Asian Solidarity Council; endorsed by the WPC, WFDY and WFTU; supported by national peace partisan organizations. 4. Establishment of the INTERNATIONAL CLUB IN BRUSSELS, April 1958. After the WPC was refused permission by the Belgian authorities to hold the World Conference for Disarma- ment and International Cooperation in Brussels during the World Fair, the WPC established an International Club there which served substantially the same objec- tives envisaged for the conference -- i.e. to contact visitors to the Fair and to attract delegates to the Conference (held in Stockholm). The Club was set up through the International Institute for Peace (IIP), the cover name of the WPC in Vienna since the offi- cial dissolution of its headquarters in that city in 1957. The IIP furnished a half-million Belgian francs, 260,000 francs of which was used to rent a hotel on the Avenue Louise. The remainder of the funds necessary was reportedly furnished by a "non-profit organization" headed by Baron Allard, a long-time Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 peace worker. The purpose of the Club was to afford peace leaders from all over the world the occasion to explain to the visitors to the Fair the aims, experiences and work of the World Peace Movement. Abundant WPC literature was available and "peace" concerts, soirees at which "peace" poetry and prose were read, films, performances by artists of various nationalities, exhibitions of paint- ings and photographs, discussions on "peace" sub- jects, and interviews with prominent personalities active in the Peace Movement were-scheduled. It was especially planned to invite prominent repre- sentatives of other international organizations to give lectures at the club -- such as the Quakers, the War Resisters, the United Nations Associations, The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the Ghandist and Buddhist Associations. In addition to the social halls, there were rooms for guests and a restaurant. It was reported that many of the elab- orate plans fell short of their hoped-for results, that the Club was often empty, and that Baron Allard's group lost money on the venture. 5. ARGENTINE CONGRESS FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, GENERAL DISARMAMENT AND NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY, Buenos Aires, 16-18 May 1958. The Congress was held in the Law School of the University of Buenos Aires. Use of the building was obtained from Risieri Frondizi, Rector of the Univer- sity and brother of the President of Argentina. The president was asked to open the conference but declined in a letter wishing it every success. On the opening day the official delegates numbered about 200 but the Young Democratic Progressive Party and the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Young Intransigent Radical Civil Union sent 200 delegates to raise this figure to 400. Some of the meetings had an attendance of 1200 and representa- tives of over 70 groups expressed their support of the congress. Among these were schools, political parties, women's and youth groups, writers, law- yers, doctors, teachers, trade unions, cattlemen, and Catholic organizations. Much better organized than any previous peace congress in the Western hemisphere, this Congress was an outcome of the November meetings of Com- munist leaders in Moscow which issued instructions that the Peace campaign must be revived and stepped up in Latin America. Alfredo Varela, head of cul- tural affairs in the Vienna Secretariat of the WPC, was sent to his native Argentina to direct the prepa- ration and proceedings of the conference. James Endicott, President of the IIP and Vice President of the WPC, gave the keynote address (mainly an attack on the US). There are indications that a Latin American regional center will be organized with headquarters in Buenos Aires. The agenda and proceedings followed the traditional "peace" propaganda themes. US "imperialism", military bases, and economic subjugation of Latin America were roundly attacked. The emphasis was on economic matters in keeping with the current Soviet offensive on this subject. The proceedings took place in six commissions and many plenary sessions. Resolutions were passed on "An Appeal to the Argen- tine People", "On Nuclear Tests and a Summit Conference"; and "Unity of Latin American Peace Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Forces." The Congress sent a Commission to deliver its resolutions to the Argentine President and presented to the Chamber of Deputies a project to end atomic tests. One of the resolutions that re- ceived no publicity clearly expressed the underlying purpose of the WPC to firm up the organization of the Peace Movement and to extend its influence in Latin America: "Considering that the objectives of this Congress have stirred up the honest adherence of repre- sentative persons and organizations of many diverse tendencies belonging to the spheres of politics, economics, unions, sciences, universi- ties, youth, women, technicians, artists, and others of the country... that those different groups, many of whom have expressed previously and on their own yearning for peace, have had the opportunity of finding in this Congress and verify- ing that there are others of like aspirations; that the free, full and democratic debate here carried on permitted. . .the agreement synthesized in the fundamental conclusions of the Congress; that now those decisions, which demand the full par- ticipation of the inhabitants of our country, will be carried out in practice; that the agreement expressed here must be converted into joint action; The Congress... Resolves a. To constitute a Co-ordinating Board for International Cooperation, General Disarma- ment, and National Sovereignty charged with carrying out to the letter these decisions; b. To consider it (the Board) constituted as of 29 -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 now, by the organizations and persons who sign this resolution. c. To invite all those patrons or adherents to this Congress to join, as have those who, without having done so publicly, concur in part or totally with these purposes. (sic) d. To direct the president of the Congress to adopt these necessary provisions so that the authorities of this board may be formed in the shortest time possible." 6. Women's Caravan of Peace to Alert People About Atomic Dangers, Spring-Summer, 1958. (See IV-A-lc) 7. WPC Session, Vienna, 31 May - 2 June 1958. Although called a World Peace Council session in a press interview held by the delegates, this was prob- ably only an "enlarged" Bureau meeting, as WPC sessions have increasingly become. The press con- ference was apparently held in the hope that it would create some publicity for the forthcoming Stockholm conference. Forthcoming scientific conferences, including the one being organized in Vienna by Prof. Thirring, were brought into the interview by WPC spokesmen, which was a further proof that this "third Pugwash" conference is indeed a target for the Communist front organizations. (See VI-A-4) The session issued an appeal to all people to send representatives to Stockholm in July and to free themselves from the "hateful burden of armaments", S-E-C_ Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 adding that cessation of bomb tests in the Soviet Union was not enough to stop tests everywhere. 8. Week of The Baltic Sea of Peace, 5-13 July 1958. (See also C-3 below) This designated week was one of a series of events in a campaign waged under the name of "The Baltic, Sea of Peace" which was extensively propagandized by the WPC. Some of the events were a peace confer- ence in Rostock of workers of the Baltic countries staged by seamen, harbor workers and ship builders of the area, a "peace cruise" along Baltic ports in a Russian ship rented by the Germans, a demonstration against NATO when that organization held a meeting in Copenhagen, increased "friendship tours" between Baltic countries, a WFTU-sponsored "Conference of European Trade Unions and Workers Against the Threat of Atomic War and for Peace", and an intensi- fied campaign against the construction of missile bases in the area. The purpose of this activity was to maintain and extend the sentiment for neutrality in the eight Baltic states. 9. WORLD CONFERENCE FOR DISARMAMENT AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, Stockholm, 16-22 July 1958. The WPC has held major biennial conferences since its formation, but had indicated at the last one (the Disarmament Conference held in April 1956 at Stock- holm) that these huge international events would be discontinued in favor of smaller regional conferences or "joint" meetings of one or more national peace committees to discuss specific problems. Isabelle Blume openly stated that the big congresses had S-E - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 degenerated into tourist events. However, the value of the "spectaculars" must have been reconsidered, or else the Stockholm conference was planned as a climax to the massive, all-inclusive "peace" cam- paign of 1958 in which the Soviet and national Commu- nist parties have united their efforts. This whole campaign has been used extensively in WPC propa- ganda for the Stockholm conference -- the organized "peace walks" around the UN building in New York, to Washington, and to the Aldermaston atomic center in England; vigorous campaigns against missile bases in every region where these bases exist or are planned; the Soviet announcement that the USSR would stop atomic tests, followed by demonstrations, appeals, and meetings on the part of scores of Com- munist and front organizations and individuals demand- ing sirrdlar action by the US and Britain; and signature campaigns against atomic tests totalling millions of signatures. Linus Pauling, American scientist, sent to the UN a list of 9000 signatures of scientists from many countries protesting the tests and he also brought a law suit in a US court claiming genetic damage would result from such tests. Many non- Communists were drawn into this campaign, such as the Quakers who joined the peace walks and organized some of their own demonstrations. In preparation for the Stockholm conference, there were better prepared and more than usually publicized national peace con- gresses in every country where an active peace com- mittee exists. A new WPC bimonthly bulletin devoted exclusively to the conference was begun, and there was much travel by members of the Secretariat -- James Endicott toured Latin America, Fernand Vigne went to India and other Middle East countries, Jorge Zalamea went to Greece, Vincent Duncan Jones trav- eled to Canada, and Narain Malviya and Isabelle Blume S- Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 also took to the road in the conference's behalf. The other front organizations publicized the confer- ence, distributed its literature and urged full support for it, with the exception of the World Federation of Scientific Workers in which there is much dissatisfac- tion over internal Communist domination. The organ- ization is also seeking to regain consultative status in UNESCO which it lost because of its too-close Com- munist connections. The Organizational Committee for the conference was able to obtain the names of many non-Communists to use on its Sponsoring Committee of about 100: clergy- men, doctors, parliamentarians, writers, professors, trade union leaders - - among them Pastor Martin Niemoeller, Lord Bertrand Russell, Lord Boyd-Orr, George Branting, Rameshwari Nehru, Jean Paul Sartre, W. H. De Silva, Minister of Justice in Cey- lon, and several Nobel Prize winners. Although Bertrand Russell withdrew his sponsorship after the execution of Nagy, his name was used in reams of publicity about the conference. Counting on this meticulous preparation, the WPC proclaimed that between 2000 and 3000 people would attend the Stockholm Conference. However, there were only 1265 delegates, observers and guests in attendance, about one-third of whom were from So- viet bloc countries. Various factors may account for the attendance falling below expectation: (a) Former wholesale financing of delegates' expenses by the WPC apparently was lacking. While the national peace committees have always been urged by the WPC to raise as much of their delega- tions' expenses as possible, the WPC formerly stood Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 ready to pay the expenses of any useful peace worker or prominent guest whose name could be used for publicity. This resulted in a great many free trips for delegates from all parts of the world. For example, the WPC paid almost the entire expen- ses of over 500 delegates to the WPC Council meet- ing in Colombo in June 1957. This occurred at a time when the prestige of the WPC was at its lowest level due to its failure to protest Soviet aggression in Hungary and to the dissolution, as a legal entity, of its headquarters in Vienna, so there was great need for a good attendance. But many of the Western European peace committees reported that the WPC had declined to furnish any aid in financing their delegations to Stockholm in July 1958, and the number of delegates was consequently reduced. Practically all of the free trips supplied by the WPC went to target area countries in the Near and Middle East and Latin America. Under these circumstances, some of the national peace committees complained that the $11 per diem subsistence rate, in addition to the $10 registration fee per delegate,was more than they could pay. Aware that plans to attend were lagging, the WPC finally sent out letters to the national com- mittees offering subsistence rates of $6 and $8 per day with more than one person in a room. This lag in registration was probably also the reason for a letter from the IUS to its affiliates promising finan- cial aid to delegates to Stockholm if they were finding the money difficult to raise. In general, the WPC's requests for "mass collection of funds" -- with sug- gestions for the sale of postcards, badges, scarfs, and for contests, voluntary gifts etc. -- were much more urgent than had been evident for other confer- ences. The Peace Committee of the Soviet Union announced that for the USSR an account had been set Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 up in Moscow and local banks, to which sympa- thizers could send donations to the World Peace Fund. (b) The disillusion and disruption that have been prevalent in the Peace Movement since its dissension over the Hungarian revolution and the increasing awareness in many countries of the real nature of the current Soviet peace campaign are un- doubtedly influencing its ability to attract the huge crowds it formerly did. The Soviet-Chinese dispute with Yugoslavia over the latter's concept of the peace struggle undoubtedly has helped to bring this matter into focus. A significant illustration of this attitude is an editorial in the pro-Sukarno Indo Observer which declared: "Congresses of the kind to be held in Stockholm have very little practical value. The grave questions scheduled for discussion in Stock- holm are too far-fetched for Indonesia, and we are afraid that the real purpose of the congress is polit- ical rather than peaceful.... Delegates to congres- ses of this kind are usually composed of neutrals, progressives, crypto-Communists or opportunists.... We wonder if it is necessary for Indonesians to dis- cuss these abstract problems which have no real practical value in our daily policy." Another case in point is that of the Swiss delegate, Villard, who told the conference that he had come with the understanding that objective criticism of a one violating peace would be permitted. "It is not proper," he said, "to address the multitudes through- out the world who are worried about peace when only American imperialism is discussed and only certain aspects of the Cold War are mentioned while those cases where the responsibility of other camps is T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 involved are omitted. It is a denial of promises made before the Conference convened for opponents to be kept silent. . . . " In this connection, an editorial by Pierre Cot in the WPC ideological magazine Horizons for July-August 1958 is very interesting. He emphasized how com- pletely different this WPC Stockholm conference would be from any preceding one; that it "would be a complete expression of the world's opinion", that "unlike it has done heretofore, the WPC would per- mit a discussion of every side of every problem... Algeria, Lebanon, Cyprus, sentences executed by the Government of Hungary... all would be discussed ... all would be admitted as participants.... " Actually Imre Kovacs and Bela Kiraly asked for per- mission to join the Conference and permission was refused to "these traitor-politicians who fled to the West. " Subjects that came up in the Commissions such as the Yugoslav delegate's cautious remark that the recent Soviet campaign against Yugoslavia was not conducive to peace, the Danish delegate's suggestion that the rights of conscientious objectors be made universal, the Iraqi's rejection of disarma- ment for the Arabs, and the Italian delegate's sugges- tion for abolition of capital punishment for political offenses, were not put to a vote. A Norwegian dele- gate's reference to the execution of Nagy was ruled "out of tune with the mood of the Congress and seek- ing to stir up sympathy for the organizers of the counterrevolutionary uprising in Hungary. " One of the first acts of the Conference was to issue a reso- lution branding the American "invasion" of Lebanon as aggression. This was the subject of many violent speeches. The other discussions and speeches fol- lowed the traditional lines in support of current Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Soviet objectives -- a Summit meeting (this Stock- holm conference was often referred to as "the Sum- mit meeting of the people"); disarmament; abolition of military pacts, bases, missile sites, military budgets and restrictions on trade; creation of neutral zones free of atomic installations in Europe and Asia, cessation of atomic tests; noninterference (by the US) in the Middle East and Asia; early re- unification of Korea and Vietnam; return of Okinawa to Japan, Goa to India, New Guinea to Indonesia; end to the cold war; cooperation and cultural ex- change between nations. Economic subjects were especially emphasized, particularly in a long speech by Oskar Lange (Poland) who, incidentally, revived the Malenkov thesis that an atomic war would wipe out humanity. The idea of a world economic confer- ence to discuss the problems of international eco- nomic cooperation was again brought up. The establishment of an economic commission to study pertinent problems was recommended. The Conference adopted a Declaration on Disarma- ment, a Message to the People on the Middle East situation, and an Appeal of the World Congress for Disarmament and International Co-operation. There was also an appeal to the UN demanding the with- drawal of interventionist forces, convening of a gen- eral assembly and a return to the procedures of the UN charter. Joliot-Curie proposed in his message to the Conference (he was not present, for reasons of health, and died 14 August 1958) that an international committee to study the problems of disarmament and international cooperation be established that could invite heads of government--to- take part in its meetings Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 in order to set forth their views and to report on measures taken by them to abolish the cold war. (This sounds like a reversion to certain remarks made by WPC officials early in the 1950's that indi- cated the WPC aspired to take on some of the work of the United Nations. ) There were many meetings at the Conference outside the regular work in the commissions and plenary ses- sions. Bilateral meetings were arranged between delegations; the Poles met the Argentine, Brazilian and Swedish delegations; a meeting took place between delegations interested in the "Rapacki Plan" for a nuclear.-free zone in Europe; the Afro-Asian delega- tions met separately; specialized meetings took place of teachers, young people, religious workers, scientists, etc. ; delegates from the Soviet Union, UAR, Czechoslovakia, Jordan, Burma, Ceylon, India, Indonesia and West Africa met to discuss the preparation of the Afro-Asian Writers Conference to take place in October in Tashkent, USSR. The Conference elected a new enlarged World Council, including 467 specific individuals and 58 "earmarked" positions, to which individuals will subsequently be named. Twenty-four additional designations are also anticipated; total membership in the Council will therefore be either 525 or 549. The great majority of those elected were already Council members, but 138 new names were noted, and 106 members of the 1956 Council have been dropped. Joliot-Curie was re- elected president and 16 vice presidents were elected -- 10 of whom were already vice presidents (Isabelle Blume and James Endicott were named vice presidents in Ceylon in 1957 but their names appear on the new list because only a major conference is supposed to Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 elect the officers). The new vice presidents are Muhammad Kamil al-Bindari (UAR), Walter Friedrich (East Germany), Aleksandr Korneichuk (USSR), Velio Spano and Ferdinando Targetti (Italy), and Abu Mumuni (Senegal). Three places, it was announced, would be filled later, one from India. This is the first time India has had no vice president in the WPC. It is generally believed that Dr. Saifud- din Kitchlew, former Indian WPC vice president, has clashed with other WPC leaders in recent months and is being eased out. He has not been able to get along with Rome sh Chandra, the CP India militant in the All-India Peace Movement, so it is believed he will eventually be replaced on the Council and as Presi- dent of the All-India Peace Movement by Rajagopala- chari, a former Governor General of India. Eighty "eminent public leaders representing countries of all continents" were elected to the enlarged Bureau (names not yet available) and an 11-member Secretar- iat was formed (also unnamed) with Fernand Vigne as Secretary General. This title and function were eliminated when Jean Lafitte left Vienna in 1956 but has evidently been restored. It is a matter of con- jecture just what Jean Lafitte's position is in the Movement at present. An interesting assessment of the Conference was made by Jan Mukarovsky, Academician and Chairman of the Czech Peace Committee. In an interview published in Tvorba on 31 July entitled "The Countenance of the Peace Movement and the Nature of its Work are Changing", he said that the most important factor underlying the Conference for Disarmament and International Cooperation was the full application at the Conference of the principle of the inseparability of the struggle for peace from the struggle for national Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 independence. Another factor, he said, was that a highly significant solidarity between nations fighting for their political and economic liberation was revealed at the conference. "As far as the Czecho- slovak delegation is concerned, its deepest impression was evoked by the supremely friendly attitude of nations fighting for their liberation to our delegation and to the Czechoslovak people...." In this same vein, KUO Mo-jo, leader of the Chinese delegation to the Stockholm conference, said to a mass rally held by the Chinese Peace Committee on 6 August in Peking, The Stockholm conference was the most success- ful and fruitful since the launching of the Peace Movement as far as opposition to US aggression and support for the anti-colonialist struggles are concerned. The Peace Movement has a history of 10 years, but its purpose and tasks have never been so clearly outlined and defined as on this occasion.... Where does war emanate from? -- obviously from the United States, the ringleader of the imperialist bloc.... To maintain the super-profits of a handful of monopolists, the US Government has carried out a policy of arma- ment expansion, war preparation, atomic war blackmail and 'brink of war' tactics. It has con- stantly aggravated world tensions so as to carry out its new colonialism... it uses the pretext of opposing 'Communist subversive activities' to disguise its grim features and to present itself as a benevolent savior to deceive people.... In the past 10 years the Peace Movement has been reluctant to show the US Government in its true colors; out of concern for our friends in the West, Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 it has hesitated to post clearly the question of opposing imperialist aggression and colonialism ...the Peace Movement has almost wandered on to the path of unprincipled 'pacifism'. At this Stockholm conference, however, US imperialist aggression was denounced in outspoken language and the anti-colonialist movement given firm support. We should record this as the greatest achievement of the conference." These views, together with other evidence, strongly suggest that the vacillation and indecision character- istic of Peace Council activities during the past three years have been brought to an end, with the Council now oriented to carry out its share of the tasks in the peace struggle envisioned in the 64-Party and 12 Party manifestos published in Moscow in November 1957. This new line brings the Peace Movement closer to the Communist parties of the Afro-Asian and Latin American areas, and suggests that the prospective loss of much support in the major West European countries as a result of the adoption of this more radical and aggressive line is viewed with equanimity. 10. An Italian Friendship Train left Venice 4 August 1958 enroute to the USSR. This trip, organized by the Italian Peace Council, as to go through Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland for a period of from 10 to 13 days. Itinerary A cost 104, 000 lire with a down payment of 10, 000 lire, the rest to be paid in 10 monthly installments; itinerary B cost 118, 000 lire with a down payment of 20, 000 lire, and included more territory. There was some dissatisfaction on the part of its organizers that the venture took on too much the aspect of a tourist S-E- Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 enterprise rather than the political attitude for which it was intended. 11. FOURTH CONFERENCE AGAINST ATOMIC AND HYDROGEN BOMBS, Tokyo, 12-20 August 1958. Observance of the anniversary of the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima began in 1955, the 10th anniversary. A National Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs began on the actual day, 6 Au- gust, on the first occasion. However, the 4th com- memoration of the anniversary convened a National Conference from 12-15 August and an International Conference from 15-20 August. Foreign delegates to the latter were urged to arrive in Tokyo to participate as observers during the whole period. The anniver- sary observance, obviously destined to be an annual affair, receives wholehearted support from all over Japan. However, the international conference usually fails to attract more than token support from the rest of the World Peace Movement. The close- ness of the date to that of the Stockholm conference occasioned some anxiety on the part of the organizer, the Japan Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, which issued an urgent invitation to the Stockholm delegates to come to Japan from there. Some of the Stockholm delegates followed the usual procedure of accepting tours of the Soviet bloc coun- tries and then continued to Japan. Another situation which had serious effect on the Tokyo conference is the current bad feeling between Japan and China brought about by the anti-Kishi cam- paign waged by the Chinese Government. The Chinese delegation has been an important element in the pre- vious conferences and reportedly none was to appear Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 at the 1958 meeting. An international preparation committee was set up in Tokyo 1 June 1958. Some of the committee members stayed on to form a secretariat for the conference. The WPC is always represented on this committee. This year its representatives were SATO Shigeo and Prince SAIONJI; the latter was recently transferred from the Vienna Secretariat to become the Vice President of the WPC Liaison Committee for Asia and the Pacific Regions with headquarters in Peking. Some 130 delegates from 35 foreign countries were expected to attend the conference, with 6, 000 Japanese delegates participating. The agenda included within its scope any question related to atomic dangers but specific subjects to be discussed were a) nuclear tests; b) introduction of nuclear weapons into foreign territories; c) the question of military blocs; d) question concerning military bases; e) questions of air patrols armed with atomic bombs; f) disarmament negotiations; g) non-aggression pacts; h) questions of non-nuclear zones; i) a summit conference. Again, as at Stockholm, the organizers promised "The Conference will attempt to maintain its politically independent character. Domination. . by any one trend will be avoided by all means." It is recalled that the same promise was made in 1957, but the conference turned out to be so bitterly anti- American that an American pacifist who had attended in good faith walked out of it. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Here again the intention of the WPC to tie the World Peace Movement "inseparably" to the national independence movement was evident. The WPC sent James Endicott and Fernand Vigne from the Vienna Secretariat to join SAIONJI Kinkazu and SATO Shigeo (already in Tokyo working with the international preparatory committee) for the special purpose of persuading delegations from the Afro-Asian bloc to attend the conference rather than the previous emphasis on attracting Western delegates. 12. WORLD CONFERENCE OF ATOMIC SCIENTISTS, Vienna and Kitzbuehel, 14-21 September 1958. (See VI-A-4) The WPC has been agitating for such a conference for several years. The International Institute of Peace in Vienna began propagandizing the confer- ence before it became firmly scheduled and has continued to do so in all of its publications. The IIP has also begun publishing a monthly bulletin on atomic dangers. 13. International Peace Conference, Oslo, 18-20 September 1958. This conference was organized by an independent Norwegian group called Uawhengig Norsk Gruppe (UNG). It tried very hard to gain labor support for the meeting whose announced purpose is "to create public opinion for disarmament and the abolition of military bases and to strengthen the UN's ability to guarantee social, economic and political rights". Carl Bonnevie heads the organizing committee. He was a delegate to the WPC Stockholm conference in July where he was called "out of tune with the mood Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 -O 1 of the conference" when he tried to protest against the execution of Nagy. Some of the organizations supporting the Oslo conference are Communist- infiltrated. 14. CONFERENCE OF AFRO-ASIAN WRITERS, Tashkent, 1-5 October 1958. (See also II-A-lb) An international writers conference has been a cherished objective of the WPC since 1951, with Soviet literary figures active in the Peace Movement playing a leading role in its promotion. The Asian Writers' Conference held in New Delhi in December 1956 was a step toward the realization of this WPC ambition. Non-Communist writers present at the New Delhi conference prevented that group from forming a permanent organization as its organizers had in- tended doing; they also prevented the scheduling of a second meeting of the group. However, immediately after the conference closed, it was announced that the Afro-Asian writers had accepted a Soviet invita- tion to hold a second conference in Tashkent, USSR. The project was brought up again at the Cairo meet- ing of the Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee in Decem- ber 1957. A preparatory meeting for the conference was held in Moscow in June 1958 to which representa- tives came only from China, India, Japan, the UAR, and the USSR. This meeting decided to invite writers from Algeria, Afghanistan, Burma, the Cameroons, Ceylon, China, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Mongolia, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Africa, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, the UAR, and USSR. European, American, and Australian writers were to be invited as observers. An Afro-Asian preparatory committee has been set up in Tashkent. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 15. CONGRESS OF THE PEOPLES OF LATIN AMERICA, Buenos .Aires, 4-7 December 1958. The date and venue of this conference was decided upon at the Buenos Aires Congress of General Dis- Armament, International Cooperation and National Sovereignty in May 1958. It was also announced in a resolution of that Congress that "the objectives and principles of the conference would be similar to those that inspired the Buenos Aires conference in . May 16. CONFERENCE OF THE AFRO-ASIAN PEOPLES' SOLIDARITY COUNCIL, Bangkok, December 1958. The Thai Government has reportedly given permis- sion to the Thai Committee for Afro-Asian Solidarity to invite the Afro Asian Peoples' Solidarity Council to hold its second conference in Bangkok. The head of the sponsoring Thai organization was elected to the WPC Council at the Stockholm Conference in July 1958. An annual conference is mandatory in the statutes of the organization, which was organized under its present name last year in Cairo -- although there had been Asian Solidarity meetings prior to that date. 17. CONGRESS OF EUROPEAN INTELLECTUALS AGAINST ATOMIC ARMAMENTS, late 1958. This Congress -- not directly organized by but of interest to the WPC -- was to unite a new group of European intellectuals which has been in the process of organization in Germany, France, and Switzerland. Among them are Bertrand Russell, Jean Paul Sartre, and many other non-Communists, but the leadership, Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 especially among the Germans, is bitterly anti- American in sentiment and the announced objectives follow the Soviet line. The Federal Council of Switzerland decided to prohibit the meeting in Basel as originally planned, thereby causing a flood of protests to the Swiss Government by leftist news- papers and individuals in England,France, Germany and other European countries. It was announced that the meeting will be held later this year in either Britain or Germany. 1. Meeting of European Countries on the German Question, approved by the European Peace Commit- tees and coordinated by WPC. Planned but not announced. To be held in Europe. 2. Conference for Defense of Culture to coincide with next conference of the Organization of American States; planned by Latin American CP's. 3. Balkan Conference. Tentative effort was made to persuade the Yugoslav Peace Committee to initiate this conference. Although invited to resume affilia- tion with the WPC, the Yugoslav Committee so far has refused. (It was expelled from the WPC at the time of Tito's break with the USSR.) A suggestion to hold this conference was repeated at the Bulgarian National Peace Congress in June 1958. The proposed meeting would discuss (a) the development of friendly relations among Balkan nations; (b) the advantages of signing a pact calling for non-aggression and respect for sovereign rights of nations; and (c) ending all nuclear tests. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 4. International Conference of Musicians. Plans for this conference admit it is preliminary to formation of an international Organization of Musicians for Peace along the lines of the British affiliate, Musicians for Peace. A much-discussed project that actually has never been scheduled. 5. International Conference of Composers. A type of conference that is held annually in the USSR. It was suggested that each of these two conferences for musicians should first "take place within the frame- work of one of the international musicians' organiza- tions already in existence or with its support." 6. International Writers Conference. A project dating from 1951 and still discussed in meetings and correspondence. C. PROGRAM .DEVELOPMENTS 1. Extension of Anti-Atomic Bomb Committees (and anti-nuclear tests campaigns). These committees started in Japan and are becoming widespread, especially in Holland, Belgium and England. A campaign against nuclear tests initiated by Bertrand Russell (and continued by Linus Pauling in the US) is extensively used in WPC propaganda. It is claimed that this campaign was inspired by Albert Schweitzer. National peace committees were instructed to main- tain and increase the flood of resolutions, statements, protests, appeals and telegrams to the United Nations Organization against tests of nuclear weapons. The WPC (and IIP) is producing a series of booklets Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 containing statements by scientists and material purporting to inform about the dangers of atomic fall-out from tests. It also produces articles and other material on the subject which can be repro- duced easily by the national committees. 2. Campaign Against Construction of Rocket Bases in Europe. This campaign is highly organized in France, Italy, and the Baltic area. 3. Campaign on "Baltic Sea of Peace". a. Cruise around Baltic countries in July 1958, b. "Baltic Peace Week", 6-12 July 1958, c. National Peace Conference, Denmark, May 1958. The purpose was to maintain and extend the sentiment for neutrality in this region, to demilitarize and neutralize the eight Baltic states. 4. Campaign for "European Security". Increased opposition to NATO, EURATOM, Common Market, German rearmament. 5. Cultural Campaign. There is greatly increased attention to this campaign the purpose of which was announced to be "cultural ex- changes between East and West, progress towards giv- ing an international character to the great internation- al cultural organizations whether of a governmental Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 nature, like UNESCO, or not--for meetings, conferences, exchange of visits of scientists, art- ists, technicians, students, theatrical companies, films, publications, works of art... for stimulating joint ventures with cultural circles and intellectuals of various viewpoints.... it 6. Celebration of Cultural Anniversaries. This furnishes a theme for meetings. Of special interest is a plan for celebrating the 150th anniversary of the birth of Darwin and the 100th anniversary in 1959 of the publication of his On the Origin of Species which "inaugurated a new era for the development of the philosophy of materialism". It will also be the 150th anniversary of the publica- tion of Zoological Philosophy by Lamarck, the "father of biological evolution". The Polish Academy of Science, in a letter to the WPC, suggested that 1959 be the Year of Darwin and Lamarck, although the Linnean Society of England is planning to celebrate the Darwin anniversary in 1958 because :Darwin published a draft of his theory of natural selection in their journal in 1858. Cultural anniversaries to be celebrated in 1958 include KUAN Han Ching - Chinese dramatist, 700th anniversary as a dramatist Saadi - Iranian poet, 700th anniversary of the appearance of his Garden of Roses (Gulistan) OGATA Kohran - Japanese painter, 300th anniversary of his birth Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Selma Lagerlof - Swedish writer, 100th anniversary of her birth Honore Daumier - French painter, 100th anniversary of his birth on February 26th Evangelista Torri Celli - Italian physician, 15 0th anniversary of his birth on October 15th John Milton - English poet, 350th anniversary of his birth on December 9th. 7. Visits of Peace Delegations. These are greatly stepped up -- not only to the USSR but between various countries. "Vacations" involve cruises, tours, etc. They are developed by circulating letters or by notices in organs of a professional group -- teachers, musici- ans, etc. -- advising them to apply to the national peace committee. The useful list thus obtained is a base for contacts. Only a few "outsiders" are chosen for the vacation at the expense of the host country's peace committee -- the rest of the vacation group is chosen from hard workers in the Peace Movement. Although this has been an active project for years, it was reiterated at Colombo in June 1957 that the next WPC meeting would "examine the practical application of setting up a World Peace Fund." Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 In considering the activity of the WPC during 1958, some mention should be made of the comparative dispersal of the WPC Secretariat or headquarters. Its organizational dissolution in Vienna in February 1957 has not seemed to interfere too :much in its activities. No information has been made known concerning a new headquarters location; therefore, it may be that this dispersal has actually been used to implement plans made in 1956 for decentraliza- tion of the organization into regional bodies which would be concerned with the problems of the various areas as well as with the general WPC propaganda themes. It appears that the work is being carried on as follows: 1. The Vienna headquarters is still active at the same address with a reduced number of the same people but "reorganized" under the title of International Institute of Peace. The Organization. Committee for the WPC conference at Stockholm was openly set up in Vienna. James Endicott (Canada), the President of the "new" organization, is at the same time a Vice President of the WPC and seems to do much of the traveling for the group. Jean Lafitte was re- placed in Vienna as Secretary by Fernand Vigne. Valentin Sorokin and Vincent Duncan-Jones remain there while Pandit Narain Malviya, Professors von Bonsdorf and Heinrich Brandweiner have been. added to the staff. (Probably Brandweiner was added to overcome the Austrian authorities' objection that the WPC was an organization of foreigners. ) A'farewell party" was given by the Vienna staff for Jean Lafitte in July 1956 and his name was not on the list of secretaries published after the Colombo Council meeting in June 1957 although he attended Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 that meeting and also the Bureau meeting in Stock- holm in October 1957. His exact position is not clear at this time. Fernand Vigne was named WPC Secretary General at Stockholm in July 1958, thus openly linking the WPC and IIP Secretariats. Alfredo Varela, head of WPC cultural activities, left Vienna with his family to return to Argentina. Jorge Zalamea reportedly was to return to his home in Colombia and from there work towards reviving the Peace Movement in Latin America. However, he is still in Vienna. Prince SAIONJI also finished his term of service on the Vienna staff and has become the Deputy Chairman of the Liaison Bureau for the Asian and Pacific Regions, in Peking. Frederic Joliot-Curie maintained a "cabinet du president" or secretariat in Paris from 1955 until his death in August 1958; this carried on much of the WPC work. 2. Isabelle Blume, who was added to the list of WPC Vice Presidents at the Colombo meeting, has become much more active in the Belgian Peace Council and is evidently working out of Brussels. She, too, does much traveling for the WPC. 3. A Preparatory Committee for the Colombo WPC Session was set up in the Communist Party build- ing in Helsinki in the spring of 1957 with personnel from the Vienna headquarters. This Committee returned to Helsinki after the Colombo session and apparently some of its members are working there as a permanent regional section. 4. An Economic Commission was organized in the IIP-WPC 53 r r Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 headquarters at a meeting held there 26-27 April 1958 under the presidency of Professor Dobretsberger of Austria. Isabelle Blume, Valentin Sorokin, Jorge Zalamea and SATO Shigeo of the Secretariat took part in the discussions. Other participants at the meeting were economists from Hungary, India, the USSR, Italy, Britain, France and the WFTU. In presenting the reason for organizing this Commis- sion, which appears to be a permanent addition, Professor Dobretsberger spoke along the following lines: The armament race raises many problems in many countries although no study gives an exact picture of the facts of profits by arms manufacture, the inflation caused by the arms race, loss of revenue for social reforms and education, etc. It would be well to present the consequences of the arms race on the economies of the various countries, including the non- European countries and colonial countries. If we propose an end to the arms race, it will cause fear in economic circles that conversion of arms manufacture to peace production will cause a crisis because investments will lose value. We must draft a work plan on how to go about making such a study and on how to publish it. Such a study is particularly important for the underdeveloped countries. We can ask the national peace committees to tell us, on the basis of their knowledge of the local situations, what great projects could be realized by the release of resources now being used for military ends. The WPC is noticeably increasing its economic propaganda in line with the Soviet economic offensive. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 For the first time in its history a Peace Council body (the IIP in Vienna) has announced a system of membership dues. An ordinary member may belong to the UP for 50 Austrian schillings a year ($2 - 10 rupees - 10 Swiss francs). The announcement states that "a provision is also made in the Articles of Association for groups, organizations or individuals to be accepted as extraordinary members". Mem- bers have the right to take part in General Meetings, and to elect the Executive Board. The announcement also solicited subscriptions to IIP publications as follows: Subscription to the "Gray" and "Blue" series (which are good-sized booklets on the dangers of atomic fall-out and other propaganda subjects), at least one of which in each series will be published each month, is $3 annually or 25c a copy. For IIP members a special inclusive subscription to all the publications is 150 Austrian schillings a year for Austrians, $8 for those outside Austria, postage paid. These prices barely cover the postage. S- -T r Release : CIA-RD Sanitized - Approved Fo -00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 II. AFRO-ASIAN SOLIDARITY COUNCIL The formal creation of the Afro-Asian Solidarity Council and Secretariat (AASCS) at the conference held in Cairo in Decem- ber 1957 was the first step toward the emergence of a new major front organization. However, virtually no significant steps to activate the organization took place prior to May 1958, beyond the prompt designation of the Soviet member of the Secretariat Abd-al-Ghaffar Rashidov. All other activity was carried out by the Egyptian group led by Yusuf al-Sibai, the Secretary General. With the arrival of the Chinese secretary, YANG Shou, in early May international participation in the Secretariat's work was accelerated. As of mid-1958 steps taken to convene various Afro-Asian gatherings under the sponsorship of the Afro-Asian Solidarity organization, with Soviet bloc participation in .each organizational effort, support the conclusion that the body is rapidly becoming a dominated international front of major importance. Aside from officially sponsoring or endorsing international front meetings, the Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee also lends its support to various related conferences. A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. Officially Sponsored or Endorsed. a. Asian-African Film Festival, Tashkent, ZO August-3 September 1958. AASCS endorsement assumed. b. CONFERENCE OF AFRO-ASIAN WRITERS, Tashkent, 1-5 October 1958. Sponsored by Soviet Union of Writers. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Preparatory Committee meeting held in Moscow in June 1958; an additional meeting in preparation was convened at the Stockholm Peace Conference in July 1958 (see I-A-9 and 14). C. INTERNATIONAL PREPARATORY COMMITTEE MEETING FOR THE AFRO-ASIAN YOUTH AND STUDENT CONFERENCE, Cairo, October 1958. (Also WFDY and IUS supported.) (See III-A-2-b(2)) d. AFRO-ASIAN ECONOMIC CONFERENCE, Cairo, 8-11 December 1958. To be held in compliance with recommendations of the Conference of the Federation of Arab Chambers of Commerce (Ca.iro, November 1957) and the Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference (Cairo, December 1.957). Preparatory committee convened in Cairo, 16 August, with representation from Ghana, Tunisia, Sudan, Communist China, Japan, Indonesia, India, Iraq, and the United Arab Republic. e. AFRO-ASIAN YOUTH AND STUDENT CONFERENCE, Cairo, 2-15 February 1959. (See III-A-2-b(3)) 2. Indirectly Backed and Related Activity. a. Symposium on Student Activities for Peace, Tokyo, August 1958. Sponsored by the International Union of Students and its Japanese affiliate, Zengakuren; may have had African participation. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 b. Festival of African Youth, Bamako, 6-12 September 1958. Sponsored by (French West Africa) Council of African Youth, whose Senegalese affiliate is also a WFDY affiliate. Youth and student organizations of all political colorations are invited and expected to attend. (See III-A-2c(2)) A conference of African trade unions, youth organizations, political parties and other bodies has also been proposed by the Union General des Travailleurs de l'Afrique Noir (UGTAN), to be held at Bamako during this same time. It is to make preparations for the formation of an African Constitutive Assembly, to plan the future political organization of independent Black Africa. c. International Labor Conference in Support of Arab Liberation, Cairo, September 1958. To be convened by the Arab Confederation of Trade Unions (not yet confirmed). d. Arab Popular Conference, place not designated, September 1958 (not yet confirmed). Individuals involved in the group which proposed this gathering were previously active in earlier Arab People's Conferences. No reports of preparatory work available. Previous Arab People's Congresses (1953, 1955, and 1956) were sponsored by leading Arab members of the World Peace Council, including key Arab Communists, and together with the New Delhi Asian Conference of April 1955 served as forerunners of Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee activities. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 e. All-African People's Conference, Accra, December 1958. To be a non-governmental conference of African political parties and nationalist movements. Sponsored by 36 political, trade union, and social bodies in Africa, and presumably supported by the Conventions People's Party of Ghana. Fifty organizations from more than 20 African countries have been invited to attend. 1. Afro-Asian Women's Conference, Cairo, late 1959. (See IV-B-3) Apparently being organized by or with the support of the Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee in compliance with its December 1957 Conference resolutions on women and child welfare. Repre- sentatives from India, Communist China, the UAR, and the Cameroons met in Cairo in August 1958 to prepare for this conference. 2. Formation of Afro-Asian Federation of Women to be undertaken by the AASCS when feasible. 3. Afro-Asian Conference of Trade Unions and Cooperatives. Being planned by AASCS. Endorsed by WFTU. 4. Formation of permanent body for medical and social services for Afro-Asian countries to be organized by AASCS, Cairo. 60 1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 5. Formation of new Afro-Asian organization for artists, historians, educators, lawyers, doctors, and scientists. 6. Formation of permanent Afro-Asian Economic Committee, to be organized by Afro-Asian governments in conjunction with AASCS. 7. Formation of Afro-Asian University, sponsored by AASCS. 8. Afro-Asian Annual Prize for Culture, advocated by AASCS. C. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES Though the designation of secretaries for the Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee gathered momentum in mid-1958, the Secretariat is still far from being completely staffed or operative. A conference of the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Council to be held in Bangkok in December 1958 has been announced in Thailand. To date, however, there has been no independent indication that this gathering has been called by the Secretariat in Cairo. The constitution of the Council does in fact call for an annual meeting and the first anniversary of the organization falls in December 1958. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 III. WORLD FEDERATION OF DEMOCRATIC YOUTH (WFDY) AND INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS (IUS) A. WFDY AND IUS ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. USSR and Bloc a. Meetings of Official Bodies of the WFDY and the IUS. (1) IUS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, Leipzig, 6-11 January 1958. Attended by more than 50 delegates and observers from 26 countries. Agenda items included the Fifth IUS Congress and the 1958 IUS Program. The Executive Committee approved a resolution supporting the Afro- Asian Peoples' Solidarity Conference (Cairo, 26 December 1957 - 1 January 1958) and calling on IUS affiliates to support the implementation of the Conference's decisions concerning youth. (2) WFDY Executive Committee Meeting, Budapest, 12-15 February 1958. Attended by over 50 delegates and observers from 35 countries, as well as the IUS. Agenda items included preparations for the Seventh World Youth Festival in 1959 and relations with Afro-Asian youth. The WFDY also adopted a resolution in support of the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 decisions of the Cairo Afro-Asian Conference and its proposal to organize an Afro-Asian Youth Conference (now scheduled for February 1959 in Cairo). (3) FIFTH CONGRESS OF THE IUS, Peking, 4-13 September 1958. Non-member student organizations were invited to send representatives. Latin American participants may be invited to attend the International Preparatory Committee Meetings for Afro-Asian Youth and Student Conference in Cairo in October in furtherance of IUS efforts to stress similarities between Afro-Asian and Latin American problems. All participants will be invited to remain for two or three weeks' visit in China as guests of the All-China Students Federation. Note: The Fourth IUS Congress was attended by 650 students from 65 countries, including 189 observers from non-member organi- zations in 22 countries. In early reports of the Fifth Congress' opening, IUS claims "nearly half of the participants are not IUS members and some of the countries are represented at an IUS congress for the first time. " b. WFDY-IUS Youth-Leader Training Activities. Youth leaders attending this kind of meeting receive valuable advice and guidance on how best to implement WFDY-IUS specialized programs in - - 1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 their respective countries. At the same time the youth leaders provide the WFDY and IUS with useful and concrete suggestions for programs for important target groups. (1) WFDY Conference of European Children's Organizations, WFDY Headquarters, Budapest, 15-16 January 1958. Representatives of thirteen countries drafted a comprehensive program-of-action for WFDY work among children's organizations, which the WFDY Executive Committee approved in February. This is the second meeting of special groups of youth leaders held at WFDY Headquarters. The first was held in mid-December 1957 for youth travel experts, who formulated an important youth tourist travel program for WFDY. (2) IUS Conference of Student Sports Leaders, Sofia, scheduled for April 1958, no information whether held. (3) WFDY International Seminar for Youth Sports Leaders, Neseber and Sofia, 2-16 July 1958. By invitation only. An important agenda item concerned organization of national sports competitions and other events in honor of the 1960 Olympics. Ostensibly non-political sports activities have afforded the WFDY and IUS one of their most effective Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 means of establishing contact with non- Communist youth and bona fide sports organizations. (4) WFDY International Seminar on Problems of the Professional Training of Youth, Prague, 3-11 August 1958. Details not yet available. Working youth is an important target group, not only for the WFDY but also for the WFTU, whose most important undertaking in 1958 was the WFTU World Conference of Young Workers (Prague, 14-20 July 1958). (See V-A-2) In fact a special eight- member Organizing Committee, including representatives of both WFTU and WFDY affiliates, worked at WFTU Headquarters in Prague in preparation for the WFT U Conference, which was also WFDY-supported. As a result, the WFDY Seminar may have included participants who attended the WFTU Conference or WFTU Headquarters repre- sentatives concerned with working youth problems. (5) IUS International Meeting of Travel Experts, Warsaw, late October 1958. c. Special Events Co-sponsored by the WFDY and IUS. In organizing or supporting activities for specialized groups or on special topics, the WFDY and IUS are primarily concerned with their Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 propaganda value and ultimate impact, rather than the influence that can be exerted on the relatively few participants. These specialized events provide useful vehicles for depicting WFDY and/or the IUS as "non-partisan" organizations concerned with helping special groups find solutions to their problems or to realize their aspirations. Considerable publicity is, therefore, given seminars, conferences, camps, etc. , both before and after, in furtherance of this objective. (1) International Seminar of Youth and Students on "The Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy and Youth", Moscow, 1-8 August 1958. Supported by WFDY and IUS and organized by their Soviet affiliates. "Scores of students and postgraduates from 27 countries" reportedly attended. Among other topics, the Seminar discussed "harm done by radiation, necessity of suspending tests of thermonuclear weapons and removal of the danger of atomic war". "Application forms" for this seminar contained so many questions about the academic training of the applicants in this sensitive field that they were, in effect, intelligence questionnaires. (2) International Conference on Social and Economic Problems of Students and Work of Student Organizations in This Field, Cracow, Poland, 16-22 August 1958. C T r Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Organized by the Polish Student Association and supported by the IUS and WFDY. About 80 foreign students were expected, whose participation at the Fifth IUS Congress (Peking, 4-13 September 1958) was sought. Most West European National Student Unions boycotted this Conference. d. IUS Seminars for Specialized Groups of Students. The IUS is sponsoring eight international seminars during 1958 for students of Architecture, Law, German and Russian; for students from Baltic Countries; for student editors; and also seminars on automation and on the peaceful solution of the German problem. Although most of these seminars took place during the summer, reports thereon are not yet available. However, such seminars usually last about one week, are attended by about 50 foreign students (some of whom may be studying in the Soviet bloc) and include lectures by prominent Soviet bloc experts. Four of the seminars have been or will be held in East Germany, two in the USSR, one in Bulgaria and one in Rumania. e. WFDY-IUS Tourism, Sports and Holiday Camp Activities . During 1958 there has been a noticeable increase in the international tourist programs organized by WFDY-IUS Soviet bloc affiliates with WFDY-IUS support. During the summer of 1958 alone, WFDY hoped to involve some 80, 000-100, 000 young tourists in such travel (the majority of which may 68 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 be intra-Bloc). Among the most important WFDY-IUS tourist activities are the International Youth and Student Tourist Camp and International Hikers' Rally that were scheduled to be held in the USSR sometime during the summer, organized by WFDY-IUS Soviet affiliates. (Although planned for more than a year, little or no recent information has been received about the current status of these events.) The tourism program, however, also includes tours of the USSR by youth delegations from Asian and African countries, organized trips on the Danube from the Black Forest to the Black Sea; various bilateral exchanges of youth tourist groups with Soviet bloc countries for varying periods, including year-round exchanges of youth tourist groups in East Germany for two-week periods. In addition to the organized activity in each Soviet bloc country for such groups, the following formal meetings for young tourists were scheduled for the summer: Meeting of Young European Tourists in Poland, July 1958, and a Young Tourists Meeting in East Germany in late August 1958. Reports are not yet available on any of these activities. Five international sports activities have been or will be held by the WFDY and the IUS during 1958 in the Soviet bloc, including winter and summer sports camps and seminars, world chess championships and international sports competitions. Two will be held in Bulgaria, one in Czechoslovakia, one in East Germany and one in Poland. Of these, the "First International 69 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Friendly Forces Sports Meeting" reportedly scheduled to be held in Leipzig, 20-28 September 1958, is of particular significance. It may be the first international preparatory meeting for the "International Friendly Youth Games" which have, in the past, been held during the last three World Youth Festivals as part of their sports events. To secure the greatest possible unity-of-action with non-member organizations in the Free World in respect to organization and participation in such sports events, the WFDY may again try to create the illusion that these "Games" are being organized by a "broadly representative" International Preparatory Committee. During the summer of 1958 over 21 international summer camps for youth and students have been held in the Soviet bloc, each lasting about two weeks, attended by about 60 to 70 foreign participants, and organized by the WFDY-IUS affiliates with WFDY and IUS support. Details not yet known. Judging from similar events held in the past, their programs of cultural and sports activities and excursions probably also included "guided" discussions under the guise of free exchange of opinions and information about youth and student life in each country and proposals for follow-up activity to improve international youth and student cooperation and friendship. Important Soviet bloc personalities also may have "dropped in" to visit and discuss problems with the participants. -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 f. Summer Cam for Baltic Youth, East Germany, July-August 1958. Sponsors: WFDY and IUS, with East German affiliates. Details not yet known. Special Preparatory Commission established during Moscow Festival's "Meeting of Youth of the Baltic Countries", to work out a program for collaboration and exchanges. Note: May be part of the special "Baltic Sea Week" (East Germany, 5-13 July 1958) sponsored by the East German Governrr;ent with support of East German affiliates of international fronts, to counteract NATO plans in the Baltic area. (See I-C-3 and I-A-9 above) WFDY-IUS International Work Camps. Five international work camps for youth and/or students have been or will be held during 1958: Two in East Germany, each attended by 150 student workers; two in Poland; and one in the USSR under the joint sponsorship of the WFDY-IUS, and the International Voluntary Service (more commonly known by its French title, Service Civil International). h. National Congresses of WFDY-IUS Affiliates. During the course of 1958 virtually all WFDY-IUS affiliates throughout the world will have had meetings of their official bodies. These meetings usually include representatives from the WFDY, IUS and their affiliates, and provide Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 a useful means for periodic contacts with key people in these organizations and for coordination of line and action. Within the Soviet bloc, important examples are the three: Congresses that were held in April 1958: the Thirteenth KOMSOMOL Congress in Moscow, the All-China Youth Congress in Peking, and the All-German Workers Youth Congress in Erfurt, East Germany. Eighty representatives from 37 countries, and from the WFDY and the IUS, attended the KOMSOMOL Congress, while representa- tives from the WFTU, WFDY and over 6 countries were expected to attend the All- Gerxnan Workers Youth Congress. 2. Near East, Africa and the Far East During 1958 the IUS will have co-sponsored or supported four international student seminars. Two will be closely controlled by the IUS: one for medical students (Calcutta, India) and one on the students' peace struggle (Tokyo, August 1958). Two are "supported" by the IUS, but the exact status of control by, or involvement of the IUS in the seminar on student organizational problems and activities (scheduled originally for June 1958 in Khartoum., Sudan) is not yet known, while a seminar against illiteracy (Rabat, Morocco, December 1958) is sponsored by the National Union of Moroccan Students, UNEM, which is affiliated with both non-Communist COSEC and Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 ItJS. UNEM has, in fact, sought support for this seminar from both. Reports are not yet available on these events. The Tokyo "Symposium", organized on the occasion of the Fourth World Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, was expected to be supported by the WFDY as well as the IUS and thus broadened to include youth as a whole. b. WFDY-IUS Afro-Asian Activities (See also Section II) Implementing the decisions of the Cairo Afro- Asian Peoples' Solidarity Conference regarding youth and student affairs and exploiting the "Bandung Spirit" for mutual cooperation, the following important activities have been or are scheduled to be held in these areas during 1958: (1) Conference of African and Asian Youth, Cairo, 28 April 1958. Organized by Eritrean youth in Cairo, the conference exposed "imperialist plots in Eritrea and East Africa" and opposed weapons bases in this area. (Information about WFDY's role in this conference is not yet available.) (2) INTERNATIONAL PREPARATORY COMMITTEE MEETING FOR THE AFRO-ASIAN YOUTH CONFERENCE, Cairo, October 1958. (WFDY and IUS supported) 73 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Purpose: To approve final plans for the conference. The Permanent Secretariat of the Afro- Asian People's Solidarity Council is cooperating with the Egyptian Supreme Council of Youth Welfare and Physical Education in the organizational arrange- ments. Agenda: To include a local rally of United Arab Republic Youth from both Syria and Egypt, as well as a special program to acquaint participants with the "projects of the revolution" and to include visits to Port Said, Damascus and Cairo. (3) AFRO-ASIAN YOUTH AND STUDENT CONFERENCE, Cairo, 2-15 February 1959. Originally scheduled for October and "late 1958". Fully supported by the WFDY and IUS. c. Independently Organized Activities Endorsed and Supported by WF Meetings such as those described below are considered by WFDY and IUS as important "b:ridges" enabling them to make contact with leaders of non-member organizations in target areas and as a means of publicizing the apparent congruity of WFDY-IUS policies and programs with those of bona fide youth and student organizations in order to promote Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (1) their cooperation and joint action on matters of mutual interest or common concern. Second Congress of the Gathering of Democratic Youth of Africa (RJDA), Senegal, 5-6 April 1958. RJDA (WFDY-affiliated) invited representatives of youth organizations from Africa and other countries. (2) FESTIVAL OF AFRICAN YOUTH, Bamako, French Sudan, F. W.A., 6-12 September 1958. (See also II-A-2-b) Sponsor: Council of African Youth (CJA), a confederation of students, sports, political and cultural youth organizations in eight F. W . A. territories that are affiliated either directly or through their territorial, federated youth councils. The CJA is not WFDY -affiliated. Among its affiliates are at least two federated youth councils (Dahomey and Ivory Coast) that belong to the non-Communist World Assembly of Youth and at least one affiliate (the RJDA in Senegal)--and possibly others--that belong to the WFDY. The CJA's Secretary- General, Youssof Diop, attended the March 1958 Stockholm Meeting of the International Preparatory Committee for the Seventh World Youth Festival and was a member of its Presidium. The CJA Secretary in charge of external relations, Alioune Badara Payes, is a member of 75 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 the WFDY Executive Committee, and the CJA has a representative on the "Permanent Commission" that is working in Vienna on organizational preparations for the Seventh World Youth Festival. However, the CJA' s Vice President, Ambrose Agbotan of Dahomey, is also Vice Presi- dent of the World Assembly of Youth. About 1, 500 participants were expected, representing national and international African youth and student organizations of all political colorations, including some "overseas" groups in Europe. Invitees, therefore, include not only the WFDY and the. IUS, but also the World Assembly of Youth, World University Service, and the Coordinating Secretariat of the National Unions of Students. The CJA requested each of the French West. African Governments to support this Festival. (3) IUS International Study Tour of Egyptian Ancient Historical Relics, Egypt, December 1958. 3. Western Europe a. PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES FOR THE SEVENTH WORLD YOUTH FESTIVAL, Vienna., 26 July-4 August 1959. (See also III-D-5 below) The WFDY and IUS have decided to hold their Seventh Festival in Vienna, 26 July-4 August 1959. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 It is significant that for the first time the WFDY and IUS have begun organizational preparations so soon after the last festival. Formal "international preparations" for the Seventh began in December 1957, or some eighteen months before the Festival, whereas similar preparations for the Sixth began in August 1956, only a year bef ore the event. In view of the fact that the Festival will be held in Vienna (for the first time in the Free World), it will last only 9 instead of.14 days, and will be half as large as the Moscow Festival (about 17, 000 foreign delegates from 124 countries, instead of 34, 000 from 131 countries). There will, however, be little or no substantial change in the character or scope of the Festival's activities, although the number of some events may be reduced, such as student seminars. As part of the student program, the IUS? has announced plans to organize an "International Conference of Students on the Democratization of Education. if Compared with the Moscow Festival, participation from Free Europe and the Soviet bloc is expected to be less than half as large; participation from Africa and the Middle East, about the same; and participation from Asia, Latin America and North America, a little larger. Organizational preparations are in the hands of a "permanent Commission" working in Vienna, which is controlled by WFDY-IUS Headquarters officials and also includes 77 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S :-ate _XL individuals (most of whom have been active in Communist front activity for some time) from the following countries: Africa (Council of African Youth), United Arab Republic, Argentina, Austria, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ceylon, China, Czechoslovakia, France, East and West Germany, Great Britain, Greece;, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Republic of Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, and USSR. The Permanent Commission recently allocated (by country and region) the total number of participants desired. A comparison of these regional allocations for the Vienna Festival (summarized in the paragraph immediately above) with regional participation at the Moscow Festival indicates that an effort is being made to maintain control over the Festival. This is to be achieved, however, without exposing large groups of Soviet bloc youth to the impact of the Free World or curtailing the Festival's impact on, or participation of, young people from the prime target areas of the Free World. Further control can also be exercised by the Festival's sponsors over the actual participants from, each country in the following ways: (a) defraying the travel expenses of those they wish to attend, purportedly out of World Festival Funds contributed by controlled National Festival Committees and WFDY-IUS affiliates and (b) denying similar travel grants to others in whom they have no particular 78 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 interest or would prefer not to have present. This would, of course, not prevent the controlled National Festival Committees and WFDY-IUS affiliates from ensuring that trusted functionaries and key target individuals receive local financial assistance. By holding the Festival in Vienna the spon- sors are faced with certain obvious problems of financing: (a) the lack of State-supplied facilities and free "voluntary" labor fur- nished by the Soviet bloc in the past, and .(b) the problem of disguising large-scale official Soviet bloc financing. With regard to the latter, the sponsors have publicized various fund-raising schemes by which they purportedly hope to raise the necessary funds to finance the Festival and which, in turn, could be used to conceal official Soviet bloc funding. The primary justification for holding the Festival in Vienna must be the desire of the sponsors to "legitimatize" it and increase its impact on Free World youth. Various events may be included that are purportedly tied to UNESCO's East-West Major Project. Inclusion of such activities are for the primary purpose of "proving" WFDY and IUS support of UNESCO in order to regain consultative status with that body. In fact, the sponsors have even solicited UNESCO for financial support. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The following international preparatory meetings for the Seventh Festival have been scheduled thus far for 1958 (the first such meeting was held in Vienna in mid-December 1957): (1) Constitutive Meeting of the International Preparatory Committee (IPC) for the Seventh Festival, Stockholm, 24-27 March 1958. Participants: 130 from 54 countries, including representatives of WFDY, IUS, WFTU, World Union of Jewish Students, Federation of Black African Students in France. (2) IPC Meeting, Vienna, 23-24 June 1958. (3) Meeting of Financial Experts, probably Vienna, during either Spring or Summer 1958. Aims: To help Permanent Commission solve financial problems of the Seventh Festival. (4) Transport Conference, probably Vienna, Summer 1958. Aim: To coordinate time-tables and routes, means of transport, etc. , for Festival participants. b. WFDY-IUS Activities for Specialized Groups. Four international meetings for special groups of youth and students and on special topics are Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 J L'~~Sl~` to be held in Western Europe in 1958-1959. Three are sponsored by WFDY and WFDY affiliates, and one by the IUS. One is an international conference on child education and the remaining three are international seminars for agricultural students, for leaders of children's and adolescents' movements, and for editors of the European youth press. c. WFDY-IUS Holiday Camps and Youth Tourist Activities. During 1958 the WFDY and its affiliates plan to hold in western Europe over 18 international camps for youth and students, including two international sports camps, an international camp in France for Moscow Festival participants, and twelve one-week camps on the Belgian coast for foreign youth groups visiting the Brussels Fair during June, July and August. The two-week IUS Third International Student Ski Camp, which was held in France in January-February 1958, was attended by 80 participants from 22 countries and was visited by a 13-member Soviet delegation of students and professors. Formal and informal political discussion groups constituted a daily part of the program, focused on international student activities and proposals for maintaining friendly relations. WFDY-sponsored youth-tourist activities for 1958 include: (a) very inexpensive one-week package visits of the Brussels Fair for foreign youth groups during June, July and Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 August, followed by special one-week camps on-the Belgian coast; (b) a cultural study trip in France and year-round "youth trips" at Cannes; and (c) three Finnish-East German youth exchanges, each lasting two weeks and consisting of 150 participants. (1) National Congresses of WFDY Affiliates As indicated previously in III-A-1-h, practically all of the affiliated youth organizations of the WFDY hold annual congresses or meetings of their governing bodies which are attended by the WFDY and representatives of some other WFDY affiliates. They enable key people in these organizations to meet periodically and coordinate line and action. An important example is the Fifth Congress of the Finnish Democratic Youth League which was held in Helsinki, 4 .April 1958. In addition to the 500 Finnish delegates, observers from the WFDY and guests from ten countries attended, two of whom (Georgi Vasev of Bulgaria and Vasile Florea of Rumania) had attended the IPC Meeting for the Seventh Festival in Stockholm in March 1958. The agenda included "international activity and organizational work", and preparations for the Seventh Festival and other WFDY events were probably important discussion topics. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (2) Friendship Week of Soviet and Finnish Youth, Finland and the USSR, 6-13 April 1958. WFDY-supported. The WFDY has announced its intention to sponsor or support the following four activities in Latin America sometime during 1958: (a) A Conference of Latin American Youth, either in Mexico or Brazil; (b) Seminar on Agricultural Techniques, in mid-1958; (c) Study Meeting for Girls from Chile; and (d) Study Meeting for Girls from Argentina. 5. WFDY-IUS Annual World-Wide Celebrations. The following "Days" or "Weeks" are celebrated annually by the WFDY-IUS and their affiliates throughout the world and are occasions for varying degrees of local and national agitation and propaganda activity, as well as fund-raising activity in some instances. Considerable propaganda materials are specially prepared for these occasions not only by the WFDY and IUS but also by many of their affiliates, and they are widely distributed among the youth and student community. Some of the local celebrations may be mass events attended by several hundred or even several thousand young people, including WFDY-IUS representatives and foreign students. a. Jointly-celebrated WFDY-IUS Annual Events (1) 21 February: "Day of Solidarity with Youth and Students Fighting Against Colonialism. " Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (2) 14 April: "International Day of Aid to Spanish Youth. " (3) 24 April: "World Youth Day of Anti- Colonialism and Peaceful Coexistence"-- the anniversary of the Bandung Conference was celebrated for the first time in 1958 by the WFDY and IUS. Affiliates were asked to support an "International Collection Campaign for Youth of Algiers" on this date. (This is to be celebrated annually hereafter.) b. Annual Events Celebrated only by the IUS (1) 10-17 November: "International Students Week" (2) 17 November: "International Students Day" Note: IUS affiliates traditionally collect funds for various IUS student relief projects during this time. c. WFDY World Youth Week, 21-28 March Note: This year the WFDY declared 30 March 1958 as "Day of Solidarity with the Algerian People", and WFDY affiliates were particularly asked to contribute to an "international collection campaign for Algerian youth". It is not yet known whether this day is to be celebrated annually hereafter. 1. International Youth Conference Against Nuclear Weapons, place undesignated, September 1958. (WFDY-sponsored) 84 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 No reports have been received of any preparations for this event. It may be identical with the Tokyo "Symposium" supported by the WFDY. (See III-A- 2-a) 2. WFDY Youth Delegations' Visits scheduled for 1958. a. A Canadian National Youth Delegation is to visit China in September 1958. (WFDY-supported) b. WFDY-sponsored International Youth Delega- tions to visit the USSR, Hungary, Mongolia, Egypt and Syria (United Arab Republic); the Sudan and Lebanon; and Ghana, Nigeria (West Africa), Tunisia and Morocco. (Note: Other details not yet available. However, this implements a decision adopted by the WFDY Congress in August 1957 for "more and longer trips" of WFDY representatives to different countries. A Japanese Youth Delegation also went to Europe during April and May 1958, under WFDY sponsorship. The WFDY also expects "at least 200 youth delegations" to visit the USSR during 1958. ) 3. International Sports Competitions in Honor of the Olympic Games, 1958-mid-1960. To be organized on the local, regional, national and international levels ostensibly by "youth sports organi- zations", but actually sponsored by WFDY and affiliated groups. A WFDY "International Camp" will be held in Rome during the Olympic Games (Summer 1960) to pro- vide cheap accommodations for "thousands of young people". Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 4. Student Games in the USSR, summer 1958. Sponsor: "Burevestnik", the first Student Sport Society in the USSR, founded during the past year, having a claimed membership of over 500, 000 students in 700 higher schools. (IUS-supported) These Games are reportedly planned as a rehearsal for the World University Summer Games, which, in turn, are to be held in Italy in 1959 under the co-sponsorship of non-Communist FISU (Federation International de Sport Universitaire) and its Italian affiliate. The IUS is "supporting" these Games and may be expected to defray travel expenses of some delegates. 5. WFDY?-Sponsored Specialized European Regional Activities, proposed for 1958, places and exact dates not given. Conferences for Young Intellectuals andArtists, for Youth Press Editors and for Youth Leaders. 6. WFDY?-Sponsored Latin American Regional Activities, proposed for 1958, places and dates not given. Include a Youth Conference, a Folklore Festival and a meeting of young poets and writers. 7. WFDY Conference or Seminar of Countries Bordering with Sudan to Exchange Experiences, 1958. (Other details are not yet known.) Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 8. WFDY Seminar for Heads of Children's Organizations, Finland, 1959. Plans for this meeting were probably made at the, "International Seminar on Children's and Adolescents' Movements" in Brussels, 16-21 June 1958. Both seminars are to be "open to all interested in the education of children". C. WFDY PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS Generally speaking, the WFDY program is aimed at securing the broadest and strongest unity of action with non-member youth and youth organizations (i. e. , "united fronts from above and below") in the Free World, especially in the target areas, on the basis of their common interests, occupations and problems, and in ostensibly non-partisan, specialized, regional activities. This program is also aimed at generating and sustaining a high level of activity--either in preparation for, or in publicizing and implementing the results of the many events--among WFDY affiliates, not only locally and nationally, but regionally and internationally. Striking a reasonable and "objective" tone, the WFDY tries to convince non-Communist youth that (a) their different. political viewpoints will be respected and heard; (b) they can limit their participation and/or support as narrowly as they desire in each event; and (c) they should concentrate not on that which separates, but on that which unites them in order to achieve mutually desired objectives. WFDY's program places increased importance on the following factors in order to increase its potential for organizing and influencing Free World Youth: Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1. Training and creating large WFDY cadres of functional youth leader specialists both formally, in highly specialized training courses on WFDY scholarships, and informally, in varied and numerous youth-leader training seminars and camps. For example, formal one-to three-month training courses on "agronomy and mechanization of agriculture" are to be organized by the WFDY, together with its affiliates, for rural youth leaders awarded WFDY scholarships. It is believed that this formal cadre training will probably take place in the Soviet bloc and that the bulk of the WFDY scholarships- -which are to be awarded by the International Solidarity Fund Commission through local WFDY affiliates--will be given to young Asians, Africans and Latin Americans who are, or have the potential of becoming, energetic and trusted youth leaders in their specialized fields and in their areas. In line with the increased importance given to such target groups as young sportsmen, young workers, girls, tourists and, for the :first time, children and young adolescents, informal youth-leader seminar training has become more highly specialized. For example, special training programs are envisaged for each branch of sport, for young workers by trade, for peasant girls by region, etc. (See III-A-1-b) 2. More frequent and extended travel to target areas not only by WFDY representatives but also of WFDY-sponsored regional or international delegations of specialized youth leaders. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 This permits WFDY representatives to meet local leaders; ascertain their needs and problems (thus permitting WFDY to tailor its propaganda assistance and programs to local conditions); provide "on-the-spot" guidance in solving organizational problems and executing WFDY programs; and stimulate, support and coordinate more national and regional activity, particularly on the part of non-member organizations. Such activities are considered particularly useful since they serve as a "bridge" and draw bona fide groups into desired contact with WFDY. Such travel also permits specialized youth leaders on "study trips" to "exchange experiences" with their counterparts in other countries and to learn from them how common problems were successfully handled, etc. For example, "study trips" are planned for Latin American youth leaders to visit Asia and Europe, for Afro-Asian youth leaders to visit the USSR, for rural youth leaders and Latin American girls to visit various undesignated countries, and for leaders of children's organizations. 3. More concrete guidance, material, financial and technical assistance of all types. For example, the WFDY has offered to assist youth organizations in the target areas to build much-needed youth hostels, rest homes, sports and cultural clubs, etc. , and to provide the necessary equipment. It has also offered to help non-member groups publish their own organs and to provide relief funds to victims of natural disasters. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 4. More varied activities designed to appeal to and attract the participation of young people in-the. various functional target groups, both locally and regionally. a. More regional seminars on social, political or economic problems of these specialized groups, i. e. , on problems which lend themselves to discussion in anti-Western and pro-Soviet terms and could engender anti-Western, or at least neutralist, sentiment among the participants. b. More ostensibly non-political cultural, recreational, athletic, travel and tourist activities. Such activities have received greater emphasis than ever before and are considered especially valuable in making initial contact with bona fide elements. c. Bilateral and multilateral activities of all sorts and of a highly specialized character (exchanges of delegations, publications, correspondence, tape recordings, films, stamps, song albums, etc.). All WFDY affiliates have been urged to expand and strengthen as much as possible their contacts with similar types of non-member youth organizations in other countries. "At least 200 youth delegations" are expected to visit the USSR alone during 1958. Of particular significance is the great stress placed on exchange of correspondence with former participants at Festivals, Meetings, etc. In fact, some fronts are setting up Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 special translation services to encourage correspondence exchanges. This could develop into a useful spotting and intelligence- gathering mechanism for Soviet bloc intelli- gence services. 5. Increasing the number of specialized publications and propaganda materials for special groups, as well as improving the caliber of existing WFDY publications and expanding their circulation. Among the various types of new publications envisaged by the WFDY Congress directives in August 1957 are the following: a. Directories of all national and international youth journals and of the various exchange programs sponsored nationally or inter- nationally, informing the reader where to write for more information. b. Periodicals: Three new bulletins to be published regularly for (1) (2) (3) children's and adolescents' organizations Asian, African and Latin American youth organizations, focusing world attention on their problems while serving as an exchange of information medium; all youth organizations, to familiarize them with the work of the WFDY and its various specialized departments, as well as with the activity, special problems and unique solutions to them of local and national youth groups. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 c. Special publications: A special series of booklets dealing with the living and working conditions of young people in Latin America, in Africa and in Asia, as well as two special pamphlets. One is to deal with the life of Italian and French girls; the other is to publicize all international exchange, tourism and travel activities of the WFDY and its affiliates. d. Seventh World Youth Festival propaganda: A wide variety of special materials are to be published, including the IPC newspaper, Festival, in Arabic, English, French, German, Norwegian and Spanish in a total of 32, 000 copies. (The first issue of Festival appeared in June 1958 and it will be published more frequently as the event draws closer. ) All existing publications are to improve their format and contents so that they can be more easily read and appeal to the special target groups in the target areas. More space, for example, is to be given in World Youth not only to regional activity, but to problems and matters of interest to young workers, rural youth, young girls, etc. The WFDY is also making a concerted effort to gain more World Youth Correspondents" throughout the world. In September 1956 the WFDY claimed to have had more than 80 such correspondents in 23 countries, and more have been acquired since then. The value of information provided by such correspondents--in many cases, specifically directed--is not only useful to the 92 T rT) t'` T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 WFDY for its propaganda dissemination but may, in some instances, also be of use to Soviet bloc intelligence organizations. 6. More intensive efforts to elicit unity-of-action with international non-Communist youth organizations such as the World Assembly of Youth, the Inter- national Union of Socialist Youth, International Federation of Young Christian Workers, etc. It is not expected that these organizations will accept WFDY's current "proposals of cooperation" since they have rejected similar proposals extended by the WFDY in the past. However, WFDY has been able to co-sponsor some international voluntary work camps with the International Voluntary Service (more commonly known by its French title, Service Civil International-SCI). (See III-A-1-g) The SCI is a member of the Coordination Committee for International Voluntary Work Camps set up by UNESCO and has Register status with both the UN ECOSOC and UNESCO. 7. Intensive drive to gain recognition by the UN or its Specialized Agencies. In May 1958 the Executive Board of UNESCO recom- mended that WFDY's latest application for consultative status be rejected by the General Conference of UNESCO when it convenes in November 1958. At its Congress in August 1957, the WFDY instructed its affiliates to do everything possible to demonstrate WFDY support of UNESCO, particularly UNESCO's Major East-West Project, and of the UN. As a result, WFDY's subse- quent publications, propaganda materials and reports 93 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 of its meetings are replete with avowals of WFDY's alleged "support", which will probably be submitted as documentary "proof" of WFDY's good faith and eligibility for status. D. WFDY ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 1. Reorganization of WFDY Headquarters, Budapest. The WFDY, at its Fourth Congress (Kiev, August 1957), called for considerable reorganization of the various component units of its Headquarters in Budapest in order more effectively to implement WFDY's greatly expanded and diversified program of action. This program places increased emphasis on regional and specialized activities for young people in the same functional field, or with the same interests or problems, as the most effective way of achieving the broadest and strongest unity of action with non- member young persons and youth organizations in the Free World, particularly in the target areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America. As a result, WFDY called for the following Headquarters changes to be made, most of which are believed to have been put into effect: a. Replacement of the WFDY Liaison Bureau with Regional Commissions (e. g. Asian and African, European, Latin American, etc.) that are directly responsible to the Secretariat. This upgrades the importance of each and may involve a larger staff to carry out their increased responsibilities. The Latin American Commission, for example, was ordered to pay more attention to the problems of youth in the West Indies. 94 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 b. Creation of "Permanent Commissions" for International Exchanges, Travel and Tourism to permit more specialized assistance to be given to efforts initiated by WFDY affiliates to implement WFDY's greatly increased pro- grams in these fields. This would include not only the broadest bilateral and multilateral exchanges (of persons, publications, correspond- ence, films, etc.) but also "cultural and artistic initiatives" (e. g. seminars, exhibitions, competitions, etc.), particularly among Afro- Asian youth. c. Establishment of a Children's Bureau in 1958, directly under the Secretariat, to extend WFDY's work and influence among children's and adoles- cents' organizations. The Bureau's program of action is to be formulated by a "Standing Commis- sion for Work Among Children" which is to meet once a year under the direction of the WFDY Secretariat and is to be composed of representatives of all children's organizations affiliated with WFDY. The Bureau's work will include editing special publications for children, organizing varied activities (children's festivals, seminars, camps) and exchanges of all types (delegations, correspond- ence, materials, etc. ). d. Formation of a new "Working Youth" Unit to implement WFDY's important and expanded program for this group, which includes organizing "seminars and courses on questions of working youth and apprentices and on questions of automation, " as well as developing contacts with Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 all organizations concerned. This probably entails an expansion and upgrading of the "Rights of Youth Commission", as well as closer coordination with WFTU. e. The Commission for Girls was directed to become "more active in accomplishing its work" and strengthening WFDY's contacts with WIDF and girls' organizations. Here- tofore, only one or two persons worked part-time for this Commission. It will probably now be staffed by permanent, full- time employees. f. An Increase in training functions which prob- ably will result in the expansion of the Sports Bureau and the Rural Youth Subcommission. The WFDY Executive Committee ordered the Sports Bureau to help "in the formation of trainers in the different fields of sports, !' to help organize sports leader training seminars for each branch of sport, and to furnish the necessary sports equipment and training films. For rural youth activities, see III-C-l above. Establishment of an International Solidarity Fund Commission (ISFC) to have WFDY cadres trained for each specialized field on WFDY scholarships; to indoctrinate and organize underdeveloped youth through the guise of technical assistance and provision of sorely needed facilities and equipment of all types; to finance study trips for youth leaders in all specialized fields; and to give relief funds to 96 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 victims of natural disasters. The ISFC was created by the WFDY Executive Committee in mid-February 1958 as an "autonomous section" of the WFDY, with its own statutes, its own program of action and its own perma- nent members, consisting of the WFDY President, First Vice Presidents, Secretary General and Assistant Secretary General, Treasurer, and Secretaries. Unconditional aid will reportedly be given upon request wherever possible by the ISFC, even to youth organizations not affiliated with the WFDY. This aid will, however, be given through the intermediary of local WFDY affiliates, thereby bringing the non-member groups into WFDY's sphere of influence. The International Solidarity Fund is purportedly to be financed by regular contributions from WFDY affiliates and individuals, by special WFDY fund-raising campaigns (stamp sales, lotteries, etc.) and by voluntary gifts from unaffiliated youth organizations. It should, however, be noted that while this Commis- sion is new and much of the assistance it is to render also new-and of great significance, there is nothing new about the International Solidarity Fund (ISF) itself. It has, in fact, been reliably reported that the ISF is the cover name for the covert, foreign currency budget of the WFDY. Its secret funds have been primarily derived from annual assessments levied on each WFDY Soviet bloc affiliate, above and beyond annual membership-dues payments. These Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 annual assessments have varied from year to year, depending on the total size and character of WFDY's activities and operations, and have, of course, been larger during Festival years because of the tremendous cost of such events. (The Sixth World Youth Festival in Moscow, August 1957, is estimated to have cost from $100 million to over $200 million, with $150 million being the most generally accepted estimate.) In the past, worldwide collections for this Fund have furnished only a small part of its total budget, though a variety of fund- raising techniques were employed by WFDY affiliates (lotteries,, raffles, bazaars, stamp sales, dances, etc.'). It is, therefore, expected that this annual levy on WFDY bloc affiliates will continue to be the source for the bulk of the International Solidarity Fund. h. Expansion of the "World Youth" Editorial Board: In line with the increased importance of Asia and Africa as target areas, the Fourth WFDY Congress (August 1957) recommended that the Secretariat add journalists from Asia and Africa to the World Youth Editorial Board and that WFDY affiliates appoint World Youth correspondents to facilitate receipt of information for the magazine. An Indian (Sukhendu Majumder) was appointed Chief Editor of World Youth in January 1958, replacing a Frenchman, and bi- monthly publication of the Arabic edition of World Youth recommenced during 1958. A Senegalese (Lo Cheik Bara, Assistant Secretary General of WFDY) and a Jordanian (Ibrahim Khraishi) were Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 reportedly added to the World Youth Editorial Board in mid-1958. Majumder and Bara are frequently used as travelling representatives by the WFDY. In fact, Majumder officially represented the WFDY at the Cairo Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Conference in late December 1957. 2. WFDY Executive Committee Members Elected b the Fourth WFDY Congress (August 1957). The following election results reflect the increased importance of Asia, Africa and Latin America as target areas and indicate the importance of retaining WFDY control in the hands of trusted Communist functionaries: a. Of the 59 seats on the Executive Committee (29 of which constitute the WFDY Bureau and the remaining 30 ordinary Executive Committee members), 29 seats were allocated to Asia, Africa and Latin America; 14 seats to the Soviet bloc; 13 seats to Free Europe; 2 to North.America; and 1 to Australia. b. Of the 11 key Secretariat posts requiring residency at WFDY Headquarters in Budapest, only three persons were elected to office for the first time, six persons were re-elected and two Secretary slots were left vacant to be filled by Syrian and Canadian WFDY affiliates. (1) The three newcomers to the Secretariat were as follows: Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 General Secretary: Christian Echard, a member of the French Communist Party and of the National Bureau of the Union of Communist Youth of France, replaced Jacques Denis, the French Communist functionary who had held this key post since 1945. Denis, how- ever, continues to be a member of the Executive Committee and to take an active interest in WFDY affairs. Assistant General Secretary: Lo Cheik Bara, Senegalese, is the first person to be appointed to this position, which was specially created in August 1957. He is reliably reported to have worked for WFDY in 1956, both at Headquarters and as a sort of travelling WFDY representative in Africa, Secretary: Sukhendu Majumder (Secretary- General of the Communist All-India Students Federation), who was made Chief Editor of World Youth in January 1958. (2) The six key officials re-elected to the Secretariat are WFDY President: Bruno Bernini, a functionary of the Italian Communist Youth Federation who has been WFDY President since 1953 and slavishly follows the Soviet line; Treasurer: Tamas Lorincz, a functionary of the Hungarian Communist Youth Union 100 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (3) who has been in charge of WFDY's financial and administrative matters since 1956; Secretaries: Valentin Vdovin, the Soviet who has covertly controlled WFDY since 1955 and prior to that the IUS from 1952 to 1954; HO Hsi -chap, a functionary of the All- China Federation of Democratic Youth, who has worked for WFDY as a Secretary since 1956; Werner Lamberz, East German Commu- nist youth functionary who has worked at WFDY Headquarters since late 1955; and Orlando Gomez, Secretary of the Brazilian Union of Communist Youth, who has worked for WFDY as a Secretary since 1955. Four "First Vice President" slots were created by the WFDY Congress in August 1957, to which a Chilean, Indonesian, Sudanese and a Soviet were elected. Only the Sudanese (Mahmoud Babiker Gaafar, aka Jaf'ar) had not previously served as a member of the WFDY Executive Committee. (4) Of the following two WFDY Vice Presidents only Panigrahi had never before been a member of the WFDY Executive Committee: Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (5) --Chintamoni M. Panigrahi (Indian Member of Parliament and President of the WFDY- affiliated Democratic Youth League of Utkal); --Vincenzo Balsamo was appointed by the Italian Socialist Party's (PSI) Youth Move- ment to fill the seat left vacant for this purpose by the Congress. Balsamo is a Secretary of the PSI Youth Movement, as well as a key figure in the Permanent Commission of the International Preparatory Committee for the Seventh World Youth Festival. He has been a pro-Communist member of the PSI Directorate and during August 1954-1955 was a member of the WFDY Executive Committee. Of the other seven Vice Presidents, three were re-elected Executive Committee Members from Communist China, Czechoslovakia and Finland, while four seats were left vacant to be filled by the USA and WFDY affiliates in Mexico, Great Britain and Poland. Edgar Poncelet (National Secretary of the WFDY- affiliated People's Youth of Belgium) was re- elected Chairman of the WFDY Audit Committee, while four seats on this Committee were left to be filled by WFDY affiliates in Albania, Lebanon, Mexico and Mongolia. 3. WFDY Membership Data a. WFDY Membership Claims, 1957-1958: Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Since its foundation in November 1945, the WFDY claims to have grown from 30 million members in 63 countries to over 85 million members in more than 200 affiliates in 97 countries today. It specifically claims to have secured the affiliation of the following organizations since its Third Congress in August 1953: Western Europe: 15 organizations in 11 countries (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Greece, Great Britain, Iceland, Portugal, Norway and San Marino) Canada: 4 organizations Latin America: 13 organizations in 7 countries (Argentina, Caribbean, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mexico, Trinidad and Uruguay) Asia and Africa: 36 organizations in 21 countries (Chad, Dahomey, Ghana, French Guinea, India, Iran, Ivory Coast, Japan, Madagascar, Middle Congo, Morocco, Nepal, French Nigeria, Pakistan, Reunion, French Sudan, Republic of Sudan, South Africa, Togoland, Ubangi- Chari, and Tunisia) Soviet Bloc: 5 organizations from North Korea, Poland and Rumania 103 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S- Oceania: 1 organization in Australia. The WFDY now claims to have 94 affiliates in Asia and Africa with a combined membership of some 35 million young people. (It is assumed that Communist China, North Korea and North Vietnam are included in this claim.) However, proof of WFDY's increased influence in these target areas are WFDY's claims that of the 73 organizations which purportedly joined the WFDY since 1953, 36 were Asian and African groups, and that over "140 of the most important Asian and African youth organizations were present at the Fourth WFDY Congress and have continued to develop valuable contacts and cooperation... with the WFDY". b. The National Federation of Technical Students of Mexico (FNET) disaffiliated from the Mexican Confederation of Youth (CJM) and, therefore, also from the WFDY. 4. WFDY Finances a. The WFDY is reported to have sent to one of its Communist affiliates in an underdeveloped area funds for use in supporting local university stu- dent strike activity. A local Communist Party functionary who had visited the Soviet bloc brought back this money in U. S. currency. b. According to the overt report made by the Audit Committee to the WFDY Congress in August 1957, International Solidarity Fund collections were Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 used in the past for the purpose of starting the construction of a school in the Sudan; donating outpatients' clinics to the youth of India and Egypt; and distributing equipment of various types among WFDY affiliates in the "colonial" countries . 5. Seventh World Youth Festival Financing a. Money needed for use by the International Preparatory Committee (IPC) and its Perma- nent Commission for consultative trips and organizational arrangements is reportedly to be advanced by all Festival Preparatory Committees and WFDY and IUS affiliates, in amounts designated by the Permanent Commis- sion. The first assessment was due in April; the second in November 1958 and the third in March 1959. b. The salaries of the national representatives working on the Permanent Commission are to be paid by whatever national WFDY-IUS affiliate or Festival Committee sends them to Vienna. Only the salaries of the technical staff and the costs of administration and organization of the Festival will purportedly be borne by the IPC. In the past WFDY Headquarters officials and staff members have moved virtually intact to the Festival site several months in advance to make the necessary on-the-spot preparations. They naturally held the key jobs in all the commissions and directed the activities of the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 various "national representatives" sent to work on the Permanent Commission. c. World Festival Fund: National Preparatory Committees and affiliates of the WFDY and IUS are asked to contribute more heavily than in the past to the fund to defray travelling expenses of delegates from colonial and under- developed areas. It is expected that contributions to the Seventh World Festival Fund will probably also constitute only a portion of the total amount needed for travel of participants from "colonial and under- developed areas. " In this connection, the WFDY Executive Committee publicly reported in mid- February 1958 that only $227, 000 was contributed to the Sixth World Festival Fund; that of this, only $60, 000 was contributed from Latin America, whereas $932, 000 was needed for Latin American delegates' travel alone; and that the same was true for Asia and Africa. d. The Permanent Commission will also try to raise the necessary funds by special lotteries, sale of tickets to the general public for special events, sale of badges, etc. , and by contributions from youth, trade union, cultural and sports organiza- tions. The IPC is even requesting financial assistance for the Festival from the UN and its Specialized Agencies. However, in view of the fact that the UNESCO Executive Board rejected the latest applications for Sanitized - Approved For Release CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 consultative status of the WFDY and the IUS in May 1958, such assistance will probably not be given. E. IUS PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 1. Indoctrination and Training of Students a. Scholarships for Study in the Soviet bloc Every year thousands of scholarships are awarded to foreign students -- particularly those from target areas -- for study at Sino- Soviet bloc universities and technical schools. While only a small portion of these are awarded by the IUS or its affiliates, the IUS, WFDY and/or their Bloc affiliates maintain contact with these students and engage them in organizational activity that contributes to their pro-Soviet indoctrination and at the same time helps them learn how to implement WFDY- IUS programs of action on their return home. Some of the students are employed part time or on an ad hoc basis by the WFDY or IUS (if studying in Budapest or Prague, respectively) as translators, interpreters, broadcasters, contributors to their publications, etc. Such employment affords these students an opportunity to meet and work with top specialists at these headquarters and serves as a period of on-the- job training, providing them with important and useful "know-how" that will make them more effective organizational leaders on their return. More formal training may also be given some of Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 these foreign scholarship holders by WFDY-IUS affiliates in the Bloc, e. g. , KOMSOMOL training courses, or by the IUS. It should, of course, be noted that such WFDY-IUS "contact" with foreign students studying in the Soviet bloc may be of particular importance in "spotting" likely prospects for Soviet subversive activity, particu- larly since the majority are studying law or the sciences. Finally, some foreign students may have been awarded Soviet bloc scholarships merely as cover to disguise either their full-time employ- ment at the headquarters of an international Com- munist front or some clandestine training. (1) IUS Scholarships The increase in IUS scholarships froth 60 in 1956 to 153 during 1957-1958, and the IUS Executive Committee's recent announcement that "approximately the same number of scholarships" will be awarded during the coming year, indicate that they serve a useful function in helping the IUS extend its influence among students in the target areas. IUS scholarships are awarded to students selected by IUS affiliates. As a result, applicants, most of whom are studying law or the various sciences, are drawn into contact with the IUS affiliate. The number of such applicants greatly exceeds the number of IUS scholarships being awarded in each country. In India, for example, about 100 students applied for the few granted in 1956, following "an official advertisement by.the Calcutta University Registrar". IUS affiliates Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-E-C-R- - can consequently select students they believe can be of maximum service to the International Communist Movement. They might even recommend that Soviet bloc scholarships be given to certain applicants, either by IUS bloc affiliates or by the Governments themselves. The utilization of these IUS scholarships as organizational weapons in the target areas is apparent from the following regional breakdown of the "nationalities of the students awarded the 65 IUS scholarships for undergraduate study in Soviet bloc universities during 1958. Asia (including the Middle East): Cyprus, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Nepal, Arab Palestine and Tunisia. Africa: Algei-ia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Tchad. Latin America: Ecuador and Haiti. NOTE: The IUS was planning to provide more IUS scholarships for Ecuadoran students in 1958, particularly to athletes. (2) Scholarships Awarded by IUS Soviet Bloc Affiliates At its Executive Committee meeting in January 1958, the IUS called on its affiliates "to give Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 postgraduate scholarships to students from Africa, Asia and Latin America, in view of the great need in these countries for technical and specialized personnel". In March 1958 the IUS reported that the following scholarships were being awarded by IUS affiliates to students from target areas: East German IUS affiliate: 5 scholarships for Algerian students and 10 for Iraqi students. The General Union of Algerian Moslem Students (UGEMA) was reportedly offered 100-ZOO ,scholarships by East Germany, but the UGEMA leadership is believed reluctant to accept these in toto. USSR IUS Affiliate: 10 scholarships to Afro- Asian students from Algeria, Cyprus, Ethiopia, Iraq, Jordan, Nepal and Tunisia. b. IUS Sanatorium for Asian and African Students in Pekin IUS publications contain numerous references to organized IUS activity on the part of student patients at this Sanatorium. Varying forms and degrees of ideological indoctrination and training may be given. Only minimal cases of tuberculosis (which will respond favorably to treatment within about three months) are accepted; therefore the patients return fairly soon to university life in their respective countries. Moreover, the period of hospitalization Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 coupled with political organizational activity may provide an ideal method of spotting likely recruits. Psychologically, such patients may be more amenable to providing some sort of "service" to their hosts on their return home in gratitude for the restoration of their health. Such service could range from helping to organize fellow students in support of IUS activities and pro-Soviet political objectives or being utilized by Soviet bloc intelligence services for clandestine activity. Finally, some hospitalization at the Sanatorium may even be used as cover for clandestine training. According to an IUS report of December 1957, some 1, 060 student patients from nine Asian countries (India, Indonesia, Iraq, Nepal, and Pakistan from the Free World and China, North Korea, Mongolia and North Vietnam from the Bloc) were treated during the first three years of the Sanatorium's existence, 874 of whom returned to normal university life; and 200 student patients from eight Asian and African countries were then under treatment. Indian students appear to be a particularly important target group since fifty beds are allocated to them and, not surprisingly, the patients are selected by the IUS-affiliated Students Health Home in Calcutta. c. Valuable advice and guidance is also given to student leaders (1) by IUS representatives and officials during 111 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (2) more frequent and more prolonged travel to target areas; at IUS leader-training seminars and camps, which are usually organized along regional lines for highly specialized sectors of the student community; and (:3) at IUS Headquarters in Prague. There has been a noticeable increase in all three methods, particularly the last. In fact, the IUS announced that "a stream of visitors" came to IUS Headquarters in Prague after the IUS Executive Committee meeting (Leipzig, 6-1l January 1958) in order "to discuss special problems concerning their organizations and relations with the IUS Secretariat". The IUS has been placing increased emphasis on all types of financial, technical and material assistance, both by itself and its affiliates, as a means of organizing and indoctrinating student groups in target areas. The following examples of such assistance will indicate its scope and variety: a. IUS Sanatorium for Asian and African Students in Peking No reports are available as to the total amount the IUS contributes annually for the operation of this Sanatorium, which is heavily subsidized by the CPR Government through the IUS.-affiliated All-China Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Students Federation. There is, however, an "IUS Sanatorium Fund" which is to defray the travel expenses of Asian and African student patients to the Peking Sanatorium, purportedly from worldwide contributions. b. In 1957 the IUS sent a relatively large check to its trusted activists in one of the underdeveloped countries for their use in subsidizing regional tours of student leaders for the purpose of per- suading student groups in their own and neighboring countries to affiliate or cooperate with the IUS. c. Student Relief Projects (1) A fully-equipped chemistry laboratory for 50 persons, valued at $30, 000 (U. S.) -- purportedly paid for by East German student contributions and proceeds from "voluntary work brigades"-- is to be given to Khartoum University through the IUS and COSEC- affiliated Khartoum University Student Union. The East German IUS affiliate is to send a team of four students and university assistants to help install this laboratory, which is expected to take several months. The inclusion of technically-trained student organizers on this team could result in a considerable extension of IUS and pro-Soviet influence among Sudanese students. (2) The Students Health Home in Calcutta is one of the more important IUS Relief Projects. In 1957 alone IUS and affiliates contributed $4, 000 to it. Other forms of IUS assistance to this Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (3) project have been medical supplies and equipment, diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, etc. Assistance to the IUS-affiliated General Union of Tunisian Students (which is both IUS and COSEC -affiliated) in establishing a "Student Health Center's which would offer medical service to Tunisian students, and equipping a student canteen. (4) The donation of (a) a complete dental clinic to the Brazilian State Union of Students of Bahia, (b) a medical dispensary at Quito University, as well as medical and dental supplies needed to treat the students; and (c) medical supplies and equipment to a medical school in Bolivia. d. IUS has also offered financial assistance to member and non-member student organizations to (1) organize national and regional meetings, (2) defray travel expenses to IUS activities, and (3) help such organizations publish their own student organs. 3. IUS Propaganda a. Generally speaking, support of the Soviet peace offensive and the championing of national liberation and anti-colonial movements constitute the major propaganda effort of both the IUS and the WFDY. The IUS is publishing considerably more propaganda materials specially tailored to exploit the specific grievances, problems and aspirations of students not only in the target areas but also those studying 114 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S-E-C R overseas, as well as to appeal to the varying interests of the specialized groups of students throughout the world. For example, during the past year the IUS has published and widely disseminated special pamphlets (1) documenting the effects of colonialism on students in Algeria, Cyprus, Madagascar, Black Africa and Guadeloupe, (2) on the Japanese anti-atom bomb movement, (3) on the 1956 Bandung Asian - African Students Conference and the Resolutions of the Second Latin American Students Conference, seeking thereby to associate itself with such important, non-IUS- sponsored regional events, (4) about special IUS activities and Student Relief Projects; and (5) even an "International Student Songbook". The IUS claims to have produced about 60 publications during .the past two years. Effort is being made to make existing publications more attractive and interesting to students from the target areas. In this connection, for example, the Spanish edition of World Student News (WSN) is being revamped so that one-third of each issue is to consist of a special Latin American section. Regular publication of the Arabic edition of WSN was expected to resume by late 1957, and there is to be an increased publication of IUS propaganda materials in Arabic. (This was specifically requested of the IUS Executive Committee by Arab student organizations in January 1958,) Regular publication of the German edition of WSN has also been resumed while the Italian and Norwegian editions have been discontinued. Instead, a larger number of French and English editions of WSN are being published and sent to Italy and Scandinavia. 115 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 c. The IUS also reportedly exchanges publications with the Editorial Boards of 150 student publica- tions of 49 countries; to some of these publica- tions it also sends articles, information and photos. d. It should be noted that virtually all regular IUS publications are increasingly pushing pen-pal correspondence exchanges, as well as other types of specialized exchanges between individuals or organizations. e. IUS Correspondents and Subscription Agents The IUS has also been waging its most intensive effort to date to increase circulation and to gain correspondents for its various specialized publica- tions. To achieve the former, the IUS is trying to secure one thousand new reader-subscription agents, each of whom would act as a voluntary, unpaid subscription agent to collect a minimum of ten WSN subscriptions. To achieve the latter, the IUS is sending "Press Cards" and "International Student Identity Cards" (which also permit the holder a 30% - 50% reduction in railway fares in the Soviet bloc), as well as offering an annual prize of a trip abroad to the best correspondent to report to the WSN. As early as mid-1956 the IUS announced its desire to "have a network of correspondents covering every university centre in the world". Since then, the IUS has intensified its efforts to gain regular and photo correspondents in the target areas not only for the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 World Student News but also for its other specialized academic publications, particularly in Latin America. Special effort is being made to get correspondents for Young Film (IUS quarterly) from every film school in every country. The intelligence implications of such networks of correspondents among students in virtually every field and in every country are obvious. In fact, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of questionnaires sent out by the IUS - - and the WFDY - - during the past year, answers to which may be of interest to the Soviet bloc intelligence services. F. IUS ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 1. IUS Executive Committee Members and Headquarters Officials a. A new slate of IUS Executive Committee members will be elected by the IUS in September 1958 at its Fifth Congress in Peking. According to precedent, the Vice Presidents, as well as a few specially designated Secretaries, are usually resident in Prague and work at IUS Headquarters, heading some department or bureau. b. Alexei Oborotov replaced Evgenii Bugrov in mid- 1958 as the new Head of the Press and Information Department of the IUS, and it is expected that he will continue to hold this office for some time. Oborotov is reported to be a graduate student of engineering of the Moscow Power Institute. After working for three years at IUS Headquarters, Bugrov returned to the Soviet Union to take up the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 key post of President of the Student Council of the Committee of Youth Organizations of the USSR, to which he was elected. c. In view of the strenuous efforts the IUS is making to strengthen and broaden the base of its support in the target areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America, it is expected that even more representatives from these areas will be elected to office and/or employed by the IUS in some other official capacity (i.e. either as an officer, staff member or clerical employee at IUS Headquarters, as an ad hoc IUS representative on a visit to some area, or as a permanent IUS liaison representative resident in the country or area for which he is responsible.) There has been a noticeable trend on the part of the IUS to appeal to area pride and nationalism by giving more responsible posts and more important assignments to representatives from these areas, such as: (1) For the first time in the history of the IUS an Asian (Sudhanshu Chaudhuri, Indian IUS Secretary) was given the key post of Chief Editor of World Student News. Chaudhuri has also been widely used as a travelling IUS representative to Latin America, where he has sought to strengthen IUS organizationally while dispensing material assistance and guidance. NOTE: It is probably no accident that the Chief Editor of the WFDY monthly organ, 118 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 World Youth, is also an Indian- -Sukhendu Majumder--who is also the first Asian to hold this key WFDY post. (2) The Head of the important IUS Colonial Bureau is an Iranian, Sadek Babak, who has also done considerable travelling in target areas for the IUS. In fact, he and CHENG Chi-ming (Chinese IUS Secretary who heads the equally important IUS.Education, Culture and Travel Department) represented the IUS at the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Conference in Cairo, December 1957. (3) The IUS Vice President in charge of Middle Eastern and African Student Affairs is a Sudanese, Ettayeb Abu Gidary, who toured Egypt, Syria and Lebanon in October 1957 for the IUS, discussing local and interna- tional student problems with leaders in these countries. In November, Gidary also went to Moscow with IUS President Pelikan and the President of FEANF (Federation of Students from Black Africa in France) and during the summer of 1958 went to Latin America, where he attended the Congress of the Colombian National Union of Students. (4) Two Iraqi representatives are now working at IUS Headquarters. Samir Mohammed replaced Ali Hussein as the new Arabic Editor of World Student News in mid-1957. Since then, Hussein has devoted himself to Arab student affairs, and an increase in IUS propaganda in Arabic is expected. 119 0 T_ Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (5) Two Japanese are now working for IUS: TANAKA Yuzo, a Vice President since August 1956, and ONO Ichiro, Head of the IUS Student Needs and Welfare Department. TANAKA led an IUS delegation to the Soviet Union during spring 1957, and in November 1957 attended the constitutive congress of the National Student Union of Greece as an IUS observer. In November, ONO also led n IUS delegation to East Germany. (6) A Cuban, Antonio Massip, was appointed Spanish Editor of World Student News in mid- 1957. He has concerned himself with increas- ing the circulation and impact of World Stu- dent News in Latin America by revamping the Spanish edition so that about one,third of each issue contains a Latin American Sec- tion. In an effort to tailor this section to the interests and current problems of the student-readers, Ma?ssip has sent all Latin American students and student organizations circular letters and questionnaires soliciting their replies on what they would like included and inviting them to contribute special arti- cles and pictures and to become "WSN Cor- respondents." (7) Proportionately larger representation of persons from target areas in IUS Delega- tions. For example, of the twenty-four persons who composed the four IUS Delega- tions during the past year, sixteen were from the target areas, eight were Africans (four Sudanese, three Algerians and a French African); six were Asians (three Japanese, Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 two Iraqi and an Indian) and two were Ecuadorans. 2. IUS Membership Data The following changes in IUS membership status since August 1956 also reflect the extent of success- ful IUS organizational activity in the target areas: a. Eight student organizations have been admitted as full members of the IUS since August 1956. One is in the Soviet bloc (National Committee of Hungarian Student Organizations); one is in Latin America (Federation of the Central Uni- versity of Venezuela); three are in the Middle East (Association of Jordanian Students in the United Arab Republic, Nepal National Federa- tion of Students and the Union of Syrian Students); and the other three are African (Federation of Students from Black Africa in France (FEANF); the Association of Togoland Students in France, which in turn is also affiliated with FEANF; and the Khartoum University Student Union). b. Three COSEC-affiliated student organizations have been admitted as associate members of the IUS since August 1956: General Union of Algerian Moslem Students (UGEMA), Ceylon University Students Federation; and the National Union of Moroccan Students (UNEM). c. The Iraqi Students Association in Cairo was ad- mitted to IUS consultative status at the Fifth IUS Congress in Peking, 4-13 September 1958. d. The following three organizations are reported Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 to be interested in affiliating with the IUS: the Makerere College Guild in Uganda, a new stu- dent federation for Malaya set up in Kuala Lumpur in March 1958, and the General Asso- ciation of Martinique Students in Paris (AGEM) set up in April 1958. e. Representatives of the following three student organizations are reported to have visited IUS Headquarters in May 1958, at which they dis- cussed "cooperation with IUS", as well as the aims and activities of their organizations: Association of Students of Guadeloupe, Associ- ation of Martinique Students, and Association of Guianese Students. f. After the Hungarian Revolution, the Finnish and Icelandic National Unions of Students disaffiliated from the IUS. The latter did so specifically in protest against the IUS's failure to denounce Soviet armed intervention in Hungary. Small, unrepresentative affiliates in the follow- ing countries "resigned" from the IUS in com- pliance with IUS' unity policy aimed at removing possible obstacles to cooperation of the more important, nationally representative student unions: Austria, Burma, Guatemala, The Neth- erlands, Spain and the Union of South Africa. These tactical disaffiliations are more nominal than real, since the former IUS affiliates in question continue to support IUS policies and activities. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 . Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 IV. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION (WIDF) 1. Activities Sponsored by WIDF a. THIRD SESSION OF WIDF'S PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF MOTHERS (PICM), Sofia, 20-22 February 1958. Forty-four delegates from 27 countries attended. They issued an appeal for the defense of youth and its education in a spirit of peace and decided to multiply and strengthen bilateral and multi- lateral contacts with mothers' groups on prob- lems of mutual concern, to secure "ever-growing unity-of-action". After the session, delegates were invited by Bulgarian Democratic Women's Committee to spend one week in Bulgaria. Note: Since PICM now claims to have affiliates in 48 countries, apparently affiliates in 21 countries were not represented at this meeting. The First Session of the PICM in 1956 was attended by 62 delegates from 36 countries, that is by affiliates from (at that time) all but four countries. b. FOURTH WORLD CONGRESS OF THE WIDF, Vienna, 1-5 June 1958. In addition to its usual business the WIDF Congress adopted a new constitution and called for strong unity-of-action of all women and organizations desiring the emancipation of Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 women, protection of children and defense of peace. There were 360 participants (60 of whom were official observers and guests) from 68 countries, including 23 countries from Asia and Africa and 17 from Central and South America. Delegates from the following coun- tries are reported to have accepted invitations for post-Congress travel to: (a) USSR for 15 to 20 days, participating in a special delegates' meeting in Moscow (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Ceylon, Salvador, Senegal, Sudan, and Tunisia); (b) Czechoslovakia where they addressed "peace" meetings in different towns (Costa Rica, Guate- mala, India, Indonesia, Japan and Nicaragua); (c) Communist China for one month (Greece); (d) Rumania (Madagascar); (e) France (Com- munist China) and (f) East Germany, probably to WIDF Headquarters in East Berlin (Syria). Note: If each delegation had had its full quota of 10 delegates and 3 official observers, some 900 would have attended, excluding guests. Pravda claims that 500 from 76 countries attended. The Third WIDF Congress (Copenhagen, June 19 53 ) was attended by 1, 990 delegates from 70 coun- tries, while 1, 060 women from 66 countries attended WIDF's World Congress of Mothers (Lausanne, July 1955). c. Women's Caravan of Peace to Alert People About Atomic Dangers, from United Kingdom to USSR and possibly China, Spring-Summer 1958. Sponsors: PICM, the Women's Cooperative Guild and "other bodies." The Caravan, con- sisting of at least 14 women at the start, left Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 London on 27 May 1958 by bus to visit nearly all European countries, including the USSR, and possibly China. Special activities were arranged for the Caravan by women- in each country, some of whom may have joined the Caravan. d. WIDF Northern Study Week, Transberg, Gjovik, Norway, 27 July - 3 August 1958. Details are not yet known, but some 35 women from over 20 countries (including 6 key mem- bers of the WIDF Secretariat) attended the WIDF "Study Days on the Protection of Mother- hood", held in Potsdam, 27 September - 1 October 1957. e. WIDF Study Days on "Problems of Peasant Women, " Latin America, 1958. Details not yet known, Decision to hold this seminar made by WIDF Bureau Meeting, November 1957. f. WIDF Study Days on "Upbringing and Educa- tion of Children and Youth, " Europe, 1958. Details not yet known. Decision to hold this seminar made by WIDF Bureau, November 1957. 2. Activities Sponsored by WIDF Affiliates. During the course of 1958 hundreds of activities will have been sponsored by WIDF affiliates at which there was WIDF representation of some sort. Such 125 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 periodic activities provide the WIDE' with a useful means for contacting key women leaders, rendering them whatever guidance and assistance is needed and coordinating WIDF line and action. Examples of various types of such already held or scheduled activities are: a. WIDF "Days" Celebrated Annually: March 8th, "International Women's Day, " and June 1st, "International Children's Day". These "Days" are celebrated annually by WIDF affiliates throughout the world and are occasions for varying degrees of local and national agita- tion and propaganda activity, as well as fund- raising in some instances. Special propaganda materials are prepared for these occasions by the WIDF, as well as by some of its affiliates, and given the broadest propaganda media dis- semination possible, including door-to-door distribution of literature in some locales. Many key cities hold mass meetings, such as the March 8th Rally in Tokyo which attracted some 1, 000 women and was addressed by an Algerian National Liberation Front delegate, or the March 8th celebration in East Berlin in which a specially-invited North Vietnamese women's delegation participated. b. Summer Camps for Children: Various WIDF Soviet Bloc affiliates sponsor "vacation camps" for young children, which include some foreign participants. They permit not only some ideological indoctrination of young 126 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 children but also direct contacts with mothers and women interested in child welfare. c. Meetings of Executive Bodies of WIDF Affiliates: Each affiliate holds at least one meeting of its executive body annually, and this usually includes official WIDF representation of some sort. For example, WIDF Secretary General Carmen Zanti and Deputy General Secretary Marie-Ange Gaubert attended the Executive Committee Meet- ing of Democratic Union of Austrian Women, Vienna, 8-9 January 1958, firming up organiza- tional arrangements for the WIDF Congress in Vienna, June 1958. 1. International Seminar to deal with children's educa- tion in the spirit of peace and friendship, time and place unspecified. Z. Erection of a monument to children who were victims of. the last war. Note: Both of the above items were proposed by the PIGM, the WIDF auxiliary, at its February 1958 meeting in Sofia. 3. Afro-Asian Women's Conference, Cairo, late 1959. (See II-B-1) Note: At a meeting in Cairo in mid-August 1958, representatives of women's organizations of the Cameroon's, Communist China, India and the United Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Arab Republic resolved to start preparatory work for and to define the aims and purposes of the Afro- Asian Women's Conference. 4. Soviet bilateral delegation exchanges proposed for 1958 with Ethiopia, Japan, Mongolia, Pakistan and other countries. In all, twenty-five foreign women's delegations are to visit the USSR during 1958, and "a number" of Soviet women's delegations are to go "abroad", according to a proposal adopted by the Committee of Soviet Women at its plenary meeting in February 1958. Note: 193 women's delegations from over 71 countries reportedly visited the USSR during the past ten or eleven years, and an unspecified num- ber of Soviet women's delegations went abroad. 1. Propaganda a. There has been a considerable increase in the quantity and variety of WIDF special propaganda materials published and disseminated during the past year, not only to publicize its Fourth Con- gress but also to marshal support for WIDF campaigns for peace; for national independence and against colonialism; for solidarity with Algerian, Tunisian and Cameroon women; and for the return of Hungarian children to their families in Hungary. The WIDF propaganda materials are largely focused at the important target groups in Asia, Africa and Latin America. b. A noticeable increase has also occurred in the propaganda materials published by WIDF affiliates Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 themselves, many of which are printed in many thousands of copies for broad internal dissemi- nation. Some WIDF affiliates--particularly those in the Soviet bloc--publish slick, illus- trated women's magazines in various languages several times a year, which are sent throughout the world. Of particular interest in this connec- tion is the announcement that in 1958 the French edition of Soviet Woman (published monthly by the Soviet affiliates of the WIDF and WFTU) would be specially edited to include information of particu- lar interest to women in French-speaking areas. c. "New" Russian Edition of "Women of the Whole World": On 8 March 1958 a Moscow Tass report stated that publication "had been started in Russian" of the WIDF's official monthly organ. The inner cover page of each issue of this organ for the past several years had contained the claim that it was published in Russian, as well as English, French, German and Spanish. d. WIDF Films: WIDF advised the UN ECOSOC in November 1957 that it had produced three docu- mentary films on its 1949 Asian Women's Confer- ence, 1953 World Congress of Women, and the 1956 WIDF Council Meeting, as well as two films ("Mon Enfant" and "La Rose des Vents") and three series of film strips. These films are shown to women's groups throughout the world. Z. Bilateral and Multilateral Exchanges: WIDF has encouraged its affiliates to expand their exchanges of delegations, publications and correspondence as much as possible, particularly with unaffiliated women's Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized -Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-009158000900340003-2 organizations. The number of such exchanges with Communist China particularly appears to be on the increase. Over 54 foreign women's delegations were reportedly invited by the Chinese WIDF affiliate to attend the National Day celebrations in China in September 1957. Several other foreign delegates had come earlier to attend the Third National Con- gress of Chinese Women in Peking. Communist Chinese women's delegations have also visited sev- eral countries, particularly in Asia, during the past year. On an international level, the WIDF has also attempted to increase its contacts, particularly with bona fide international non-governmental organiza- tions. According to information furnished the UN ECOSOC in November 1957, the WIDF purportedly had exchanged correspondence, publications and delegations with the following bodies: International Abolitionist Federation International Cooperative Women's Guild International Union of Child Welfare International Union of Family Organizations Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. What impact, if any, these exchanges have had on the above-mentioned organizations is not known. They are, however,- part of the WIDF's campaign to gain unity of action wherever possible with women and women's groups in all sectors of society (trade unions, cooperatives, young women's groups, social welfare workers, teachers, etc. ). 130 -E -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 3. Campaign to regain consultative relations with the UN ECOSOC and other specialized UN Agencies, particularly UNESCO. This campaign will continue, and all affiliates are being cautioned to do everything possible .to demonstrate their concrete support of the work of such UN bodies. Tangible evidence of such support will then be collected to support WIDF's future reapplications for consultative status with the UN. Note: In May 1958 the UN ECOSOC rejected the WIDF's reapplication for both Register and Con- sultative Status. 1. WIDF Executive Bureau and Council Members: Except for re-election of Eugenie Cotton of France as WIDF President and Carmen Zanti of Italy as Secretary General, the new slate of Bureau and Council members elected by the WIDF at its Fourth Congress in Vienna, June 1958, is not yet available. The President and Council Members (constitutionally required to be elected only by the Congress) will hold office for the next four years, when the next Congress is required to meet. The WIDF Bureau (Vice Presi- dents, General and Deputy Secretaries, Secretaries, Treasurer and Finance Control Commission Mem- bers), on the other hand, will hold office for only one year. The Council is constitutionally empowered to elect Bureau Members, and it is required to meet at least once each year. 2. WIDF Secretariat: According to information furnished the UN ECOSOC by the WIDF in November 1957, the WIDF Secretariat in East Berlin then consisted of twenty-six officials: Secretary General, two Deputy Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Secretaries-General, eight Secretaries (representing Argentina, Communist China, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Indonesia, Spain, United Kingdom and the United States), and representatives of fifteen national organizations. Of the top three posts, the following changes have occurred: Carmen Zanti (Italy) replaced Angiola Minella (Italy) as WIDF Secretary General in June 1957. Zanti, a long-time member of the Italian Communist Party, had worked at WIDF Headquarters in 1951 as a Secretary. Mrs. Marie-Ange Gaubert (France) replaced Simone Bertrand (France) as Deputy Secretary-General, also in June 1957. Only Mrs. Zoya Ivanova (USSR) retained her key post as Deputy Secretary-General, a position she has held since late 1954. However, since late 1956 her duties have either changed or broadened to include respon- sibility for Latin American women's affairs, indi- cating the increased importance the WIDF and the Soviet Union attach to Latin America. Elisa Uriz, a Cuban-Spanish Communist leader, had been the "WIDF Responsible for Latin American women's affairs" for several years prior to this. Other less important but noteworthy changes have occurred at WIDF Headquarters. A Japanese National Representative of FUDANREN, SAITO Eiko, joined the staff in the spring of 1958, and three new WIDF Secretaries joined sometime during 19;57: Maria Kopecka (a Czechoslovak in charge of editing the WIDF monthly organ, Women of the Whole World,) Luisa Gambetta Vicentini (an Argentinian by birth who is one of the foremost Chilean Communist organ- izers of women and has been for some time a key Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 officer of the Party's National Women's Commission), and Mrs. Suharti Bintang Suradi (Executive Council member of GERWANI, Indonesian WIDF affiliate, and a member of the Indonesian National Constitutional Assembly). It should be noted that the WIDF affiliates in Argentina and Indonesia requested of the WIDF Bureau that they too be represented in the WIDF Secretariat. The Bureau in turn submitted these requests to the WIDF Council for ratification in June 1957. 3. Organizational Tactics a. In order to strengthen the WIDF organizationally and secure the broadest possible support for pro- Soviet political objectives, particularly among women in the target areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America, the WIDF has sought to main- tain closer liaison and contact with women's groups and to provide key leaders thereof with more concrete guidance, assistance and some sort of training, In this connection, there has been a noticeable increase in (1) The travel of WIDF representatives to various countries not only to give direct guidance and assistance to leaders of WIDF affiliates, but also to stimulate more national and regional activity and to attend meetings sponsored by non-member and affiliated organizations. (Examples of this include WIDF representation at the Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference, held in Cairo in late December 1957, and at the non-Communist Asian-African Women's Conference in Colombo in mid-February 1958.) 133 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (2) (3) The organization of special international and regional leader-training type seminars called "Study Days". (The first such seminar was held in September 1957 and was apparently considered so successful that three more have been scheduled for 1958.) The organization of "study groups" that meet regularly or formal training courses by WIDF affiliates for the indoctrination and training of members and functionaries. (4) The assistance given by more experienced WIDF affiliates to others in solving mutual problems, particularly by making success- ful organizational methods and tactics available to them. (5) The role played by WIDF affiliates in main- taining eontact with non-member women's groups in neighboring countries, making WIDF propaganda materials available to them and bringing them into direct relations with the WIDF. (6) Propaganda materials published not only by the WIDF but particularly by its affiliates and disseminated in various languages throughout the world. b. PICM Regional Representatives: The PICM--an auxiliary of the WIDF set up at its World Con- gress of Mothers in July 1955--at its February 1958 annual meeting decided to establish a 134 S Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 permanent Presidium composed of nine regional representatives who are to serve for one-year periods and who might represent different countries in each region from year to year. The national composition of the Presid- ium of PICM Regional Representatives for 1958 is as follows: Australia Asia: Japan and India Africa: Nigeria and Egypt Eastern and Western Europe: Bulgaria and France North and South America: Canada and Argentina Officers to fill these posts were not elected by the PICM, indicating that WIDF-affiliated bodies in the countries concerned may appoint these new regional representatives. Their respon- sibilities will probably entail considerable liaison with women's and mothers' groups in their areas, both by personal contact and correspondence. An increase in the activity of these groups may, therefore, be expected and may even result in the establishment of some new Communist front organizations for mothers. In fact the PICM claims to have extended its membership strength from 36 to 48 countries during its three-year existence and to have gained twelve unidentified affiliates since 1957. The PICM did elect a new Chairman, Mrs. Dora Russell of the U.K., who succeeded Dr. Andrea Andreen (Swedish WIDF Vice President who Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 served as PICM Chairman since July 1955). Mrs. Russell was the PICM Secretary prior to February 1958, and in this capacity, worked at the WIDF Headquarters in East Berlin. 4. WIDF Finances a. The WIDF claimed its 1956 Budget was only $35, 000. (Claim made in a WIDF report to the UN ECOSOC in November 1957. Publication of its monthly organ alone, in five languages and in several thousand copies, would exceed $35, 000.) b. The WIDF is reported to be trying covertly to establish and finance a women's magazine publishing company in an Asian country, which would publish a national women's monthly magazine containing useful and interesting information about the women's movement in foreign countries. WIDF President Eugenie Cotton of France and Dr. Andrea Andreen of Sweden are known to have negotiated secretly with the head of an Asian WIDF affiliate regard- ing this matter. The WIDF requested that this publishing company be kept entirely separate from the WIDF affiliate. Note: Such a publishing company could serve many useful purposes. It could circulate WIDF propaganda materials locally, and also serve as a funding mechanism. This tactic may also be used by other international Communist fronts. The WFDY and the IUS have openly declared their readiness to assist youth and student Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 organizations, particularly in colonial and under- developed areas, to publish magazines, news - papers, etc. C. WIDF Stamp Sales: WIDF sent its affiliates many thousands of special stamps for sale locally to raise funds to send delegates to the Fourth WIDF Congress (Vienna, June 1958). Over 20, 000 were reported sent to Japan alone. Reports indicate that WIDF affiliates also sold special pamphlets, memo-books, badges, etc., commemorating the Fourth WIDF Congress to raise travel funds for delegates. Their efforts apparently did not meet with much success since total participation at the Fourth WIDF Congress was only about one-third as large as that of the Third WIDF Congress in 1953. 5. WIDF Membership Data, In November 1957 the WIDF advised the UN ECOSOC that its total member- ship consisted of "about 200 million women" who belonged to undesignated affiliates that associated or cooperated with the WIDF. Thirteen organizations-- four African, four Asian, four Latin American and one in the Soviet bloc--are reported either to have joined the WIDF, or expressed an interest in doing so, since 1957: Organizations affiliated since 1957: Ceylon: Women's Section of the Democratic Workers Congress Ghana: Undesignated, possibly the Ghana Women's Organization India: National Federation of Indian Women Japan: All-Japan Federation of Women's Organizations, FUDANREN Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Nepal: Akhil Nepali Manila Sangha Senegal: Undesignated, possibly the Sene- gal Women's Association Sudan: Union of Sudanese Women, aka Sudanese Women's Association Organizations desiring affiliation during 1958: Ecuador: Undesignated French West Africa: An undesignated F. W . A. girls' organization Haiti: Undesignated Panama: Undesignated Trinidad: Undesignated Vietnam: Undesignated, presumably a North Vietnamese women's group. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 V. WORLD FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS (WFTU) 1. WFTU Activities. a. 17TH SESSION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, Budapest, 30 March - 2 April 1958. Louis Saillant's report to the Executive Commit- tee is important because of the outline for WFTU activity which it contained. Saillant encouraged a flexibility of action based on national peculiarities rather than rigid conformity to one fixed pattern. He summed up the tasks of trade unions as follows: (1) Unite the workers in each country and help them to unite with all social sections who are actively working for peace. (2) Join with national Peace Committees in pre- paring for the World Conference for Disar- mament and International Cooperation, and send broad and tepresentative delegations. (This Congress was held in Stockholm in July 1958 - See I-A-9. ) (3) Be at the head of the mass struggle and every decisive action to obtain: (a) a summit meeting; (b) prohibition of rocket bases and atomic 139 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 bomb flights; (c) the ending of thermonuclear testing, and ban on manufacture and use of mass destruction weapons; (d) zones cleared of such weapons, as proposed by the Rapacki Plan; (e) development of trade and cultural relations between all, countries. (4) Increase exchanges of fraternal delegations of trade unions and workers. The Executive Committee called upon West German workers to "take more powerful meas- ures" against the rearmament of West Germany; it urged all National Trade Union Centers to set up active International Trade Union Committees for solidarity with Algeria; and called upon all trade unions to make a fresh effort to support the struggle waged by the workers and peoples of Indonesia, Cyprus, and Union of South Africa. The Executive Committee gave its complete sup- port to the Permanent Secretariat for Afro-Asian Solidarity and declared itself in agreement with that body regarding assistance to be given to workers and peoples fighting for their liberty and independence. b. EUROPEAN TRADE UNION AND WORKERS CONFERENCE AGAINST THE THREAT OF ATOMIC WAR AND FOR PEACE, East Berlin, 20-22 June 1958. This was attended by delegates from 22 European 140 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 countries. Major statements adopted at this meeting were: (1) (2 ) (3) An appeal to the workers and trade unions of Europe which called for trade union support of a Week of Action and Solidarity for Peace and Disarmament, 15-22 October 1958. A letter to Workers and Leaders of Trade Unions in the USA which urged them to make themselves heard in the same way that US scientists have done (referring to statements by scientists in opposition to atomic testing). The letter also called upon US labor to act for peace and to unite with European workers to preserve it. An open letter to scientists of the world calling upon that group to associate in the Week of Solidarity and Action 15-22 October 1958. Called for the signing of a common agreement of cooperation between interna- tional trade union organizations and the WFSW. (4) A request to Great Britain and the USA to suspend nuclear tests. (5) A declaration of solidarity with workers of Spain, Portugal, Cyprus and Algeria. c. THE FIRST WORKERS CONFERENCE OF THE BALTIC COUNTRIES, Rostock, 7-8 July 1958. The delegates resolved to carry on a common struggle against the transformation of the Baltic into a "NATO atom-bomb sea" and appealed to Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized -Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 workers and trade unionists of the Baltic coun- tries to take part in the Week of Solidarity to be held in October. The Conference adopted an appeal to the Parliaments of the Baltic countries and Norway calling for joint deliberations by their parliaments and for implementation of the Rapacki Plan for an atom-free zone. Letters were sent by the Conference to the leading trade union bodies in the Baltic Countries and Norway urging their unified action in regard to peace and to other international trade union bodies appeal- ing for restoration of international trade union unity in the face of the threat to peace. The Baltic Conference also formed a permanent initiative committee in which all the participating countries are represented. A similar Workers Conference is to be held annually during Baltic Week. (For other Baltic activities, see I-A-B and I-C-3) d. FIRST WORLD TRADE UNION CONFERENCE OF YOUNG WORKERS, Prague, 14-ZO July 1958. Resolutions passed declared that trade unions ought to increase their efforts to educate young workers in the spirit of trade union democracy and class struggle and in the spirit of proletarian internationalism, to educate them to defend peace and to give active support to the cause of national independence of all peoples and against racial discrimination and for solidarity with peasants and other strata of the working people. Another resolution recommended study tours for young trade union officials in various countries, con- sideration of questions concerning young workers at the next session of the WFTU General Council Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 and expansion of relations among young workers all over the world. e. 18TH (EXTRAORDINARY) SESSION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF'WFTU, Prague, 27-28 July 1958. This meeting was called as the result of the Middle East crisis and subsequent "intervention" by the United States and Great Britain. The Executive Committee approved an appeal to the workers and trade unions of all countries which stated: "The gravity of the situation calls for maxi- mum vigilance on the part of workers and trade unions. The Executive Committee of the WFTU therefore appeals to the working people throughout the world to intensify their activities against the pressures of the impe- rialists on the Arab nations and for the immediate withdrawal of American and British troops from the Near and Middle East. " The Executive Committee approved the following message to the working people and trade unions of the Arab countries: "The Executive Committee of the WFTU solemnly assures you that the WFTU and all organizations affiliated to it will undertake everything possible for the mobilization of the working people throughout the world and will appeal to them to take most diverse and most effective measures in support of your struggles. " Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 A message to the Secretary General of the United Nations was also approved which de- manded the immediate holding of a conference of the heads of government of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, France and India. During 1958 the WFTU held two regional Confer- ences which included delegates of unions not affiliated to WFTU as well as those from unions which are. f. First Meeting of the International Committee For Solidarity With Algerian Workers, Cairo, 12-13 September 1958. (1) (2 ) Delegates from 20 countries are expected. Algerian problem and current problems in the Middle East will be discussed. 19th Session of the Executive Committee, Warsaw, November 1958. (1) The agenda will include (a) wages and social questions, (b) unemployment, (c) trade union rights and (d) democratic freedoms. 2. Activities of the Trade Unions Internationals (TUI's) a. The Administrative Committee of the Trade Unions International of Public and Allied Employees sponsored a meeting of trade union representa- tives, doctors and experts at Strasbourg, France, 7-10 January 1958. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The subject was "Mechanization and Automation and their Socio-Economic Effects on the Postal, Telephone and Telegraph Services." This Con- ference decided (1) to s end a memorandum to the ILO on me cha- nization and automation in the postal and telecommunication services, and on their consequences, in order to draw that organi- zation's attention to these urgent problems. (2) to send a memorandum to the WHO drawn up through the collaboration of doctors and sociologists showing the effects of mechani- zation and automation on workers' health and requesting the WHO to support measures necessary to safeguard health and give pro- tection against the negative consequences of these procedures. It was also reported that the Secretariat of the TUI would consider the possibilities for calling an international conference to study the conse- quences of mechanization and automation in all branches of public services. b. THE ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE MINERS TRADE UNION INTERNATIONAL, Halle, East Germany, 8-10 January 1958. The Committee passed resolutions designed to extend the trend toward united action and trade union unity. It also adopted a number of resolu- tions to be sent to the ILO concerning miners in mines other than coal mines. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The Administrative Committee urged its affiliates to ensure a large attendance of young miners at the World Trade Union Conference of Young Workers. Lastly the Administrative Com- mittee decided to hold the Third International Miners' Conference in July 1959 at Katowice, Poland. c. Bureau of the Administrative Committee of the Trade Unions International of Transport, Port and Fishery Workers, Prague, 21-22 January1958. The Bureau examined and approved the way the Secretariat was applying the decisions of the Second International Conference of the TUI (21-26 May 1957) particularly in relation to im- proving and extending relations with both affili- ated and non-affiliated organizations and encour- aging united action by workers of the same trade on an international scale (meeting of railway workers representatives in Strasbourg, steps to strengthen seafarers' unity in connection with the next Maritime Session of the International Labor Conference ). The Bureau decided to hold the Administrative Committee meeting during the first half of June in Moscow. In addition the Bureau adopted a plan of work and a budget for 1958. The plan of work included specific directives regarding TUI par- ticipation in the First World Trade Union Confer- ence of Young Workers. (See A-l-d) The Bureau asked the Secretariat to urge trans- port, port and fishery workers to unite and strengthen their activity in defense of peace, for Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 a ban on atomic and thermonuclear weapons and their testing and against the installation of rocket-launching sites in their countries.. It also asked them to throw the full weight and fighting spirit of their organized forces into the activities of the peace movements in their respective countries . d. Administrative Committee of the TUI of Trans- port, Port and Fishery Workers, Moscow, 4-6 June 1958. (1) (2) (3) A general resolution which called for (a) banning of the atomic bomb and missile bases; (b) opposition to the rearming of Germany (West); (c) creation of an atom- free zone; (d) support of the World Peace Council's "World Congress for Disarmament and International Cooperation"; (e) develop- ment of exchanges of trade union delegations. An appeal to all affiliates to work for the ratification of the conventions adopted at the 41st Session (Maritime) of the International Labor Organization. (A delegation of the TUI to this Session, held 26 April - 16 May 1958, was headed by Rafael Avila, General Secretary of the TUI. ) The creation of Technical Commissions of (a) Seamen and Fi she rmen, (b) Dockers and Waterway Workers, (c) Railway Workers, (d) Road and Urban Transport Workers. (4) Acceptance of the affiliation of (a) The Fed- eration of Agricultural Workers and Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (5) Fishermen of Korea (North), (b) Syndicate of Auto Transport Workers of Garhwal, India, (c) Syndicate of Auto Transport Workers of Ramnad, India. Designation of Satish Chatterjee, Secretary General, National Federation of Road Transport Workers of India, to serve as a member of the Administrative Committee of the TUI. (6) Designation of HO Sy Ngoi, Secretary General of the National Syndicate of Railway Workers of Vietnam, to serve as member of the Finance Control Commission. national Conference, Sofia, 25-26 July 1958. A decision by the 17th Session of the Executive Committee directed the merger of this TUI with the TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers. The representatives of both TUI's met with the Secretariat in Prague 10-11 March 1958 to discuss the problems of the merger. The 3rd International Conference of the TUI of Textile and Clothing Workers met on schedule 25-26 July 1958 in Sofia with delegates from 34 countries reported to be in attendance. The conference was chaired by Maria Moraru, Presi- dent of the TUI, and by Olympiadi Nefedova, one of its Vice Presidents. The proposal to merge the TUI with the TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers was presented to the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Conference by Teresa Noce, Secretary General of the TUI of Textile and Clothing Workers. f. 3rd International Conference, TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers, Sofia, 27-28 July 1958. After speeches by Tchako Mihal, Chairman of the Federation of Leather Processing Workers of Hungary, Fernand Maurice, President of the TUI, and Maria Kerilova, Secretary of the Central Council of Trade Unions of Bulgaria, the Secre- tary General, Jaroslav Mevald, gave his report in which he stated that the amalgamation of the TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products ? Workers with the TUI of Textile and Clothing Workers would assist in strengthening the inter- national trade union movement. Later, George Mineo, Secretary of the Light and Food Industry Workers Trade Union in Bulgaria, read the re- port of the auditing commission. g. Formation of the TUI of Textile, Clothing, Leather and Fur Workers, Sofia, 30-31 July 1958. The TUI of Textile and Clothing Workers merged with the TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers to form the new organization, the headquarters of which will be in Prague. J. Mevald, former Secretary General of the TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers, was named Secretary General of the new organization, and Lina Fibbi, Secretary of the Federation of Textile Workers and Employees (FIOT) of Italy was named president. The new TUI called upon workers, irrespective of their Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 affiliations, to organize meetings and demon- strate for "Peace". h. Administrative Committee of the World Federa- tion of Teachers Unions (FISE), a TUI of WFTU, Moscow, 28 July - 2 August 1958. The theme of the meeting was stated to be "Pedagogical Principles in Educational Matters." Discussion was to be preceded by a report given by Professor Ivan Kairov, president of the Academy of Pedagogical Science in Moscow. Participants at the meeting were said to be limited to a small number. The next International Conference oPFISE is scheduled to take place somewhere in Asia during 1960. The exact place and date have not been reported. i. Third International Conference of the TUI of Metal and Engineering Industries, Prague, 21-25 September 1958. Second World Conference, TUI of Agricultural and Forestry Workers, Bucharest, 16-19 October 1958. The Executive Committee of this TUI, meeting in Prague 15-17 April 1958, adopted the following agenda for the Conference: (1) Review of the activity of the TUI, the tasks involved in strengthening the cooperation of agricultural and forestry trade unions in the fight for increased wages, social Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (2) insurance, trade union rights, improvement of living conditions and for disarmament and peace in the world. The development of unity of plantation workers in the fight against the rule of for- eign monopolies, and for national independ- ence, for the conquest and development of economic and social rights, and freedom and progress. (3). Report of the Revision of Accounts. (4) Election of leading organs. An exhibition on the life and activities of agricul- tural workers is being prepared for the Second International Conference. One section of the exhibit will contain posters, leaflets, wall papers showing trade union activities; these ma- terials will be arranged so as to give a picture of the demands, forms of fight and successes of the different workers' and peasants' categories in various countries. Trade union publications issued by various categories -- newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, special issues etc. -- will be gathered separately so as to give an idea of the trade unions' daily activity and workers' daily life. k. Third International Conference of the TUI of Workers of Building, Wood and Building Materials Industries scheduled to be held in Budapest in October 1959. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 1. WFTU proposed activity. Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Confed- eracion de Trabajadores de America Latina (CTAL) proposed for September. Exact date and place unknown. 2. TUI proposed activity. Third International Conference of the TUI of Chemical and Petroleum Workers, scheduled to be held in East Germany during 1959. Exact date and place not yet known. 1. Training a. The report of Louis Saillant adopted at the 4th World Congress stated that the problem of training trade union leaders was most urgent in countries where labor organizations were still young and that the WFTU should contribute more toward training union leaders than in the past. b. A Trade Union Seminar for European Countries organized by the WFTU with the assistance of UNESCO and the cooperation of the Central Council of Rumanian Trade Unions was held in the Rumanian Trade Unions' House of Culture in Bucharest 24 February to 16 March 1958. The course was attended by 28 men and 9 women representing trade unions both affiliated and non- affiliated to WFTU. The students came from 152 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-009158000900340003-2 A Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, USSR and Yugoslavia. This Seminar was the first WFTU training pro- gram in which the UNESCO participated. At its opening session a desire for continued coopera- tion was expressed. Louis Saillant in addressing the Seminar called for a similar one to be held under the auspices of the UNESCO with the co- operation not only of the World Federation of Trade Unions but also the International Confeder- ation of Free Trade Unions and the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions. The curriculum included: (1) (2) (3) History of European Countries The World Charter for Human Rights The Economic Problems of Europe (4) The History and Role of the Trade Union Movement (5) (6) Press and Propaganda (7) The United Nations and Its Various Organizations (8) UNESCO The Director of the Seminar was reported to be 153 -T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Professor Nicolescu (fnu). The lectures included V. Berezin........... The Question of Unity Marcel Bras ......... Workers Demands and Economic Problems Giacomo Adducci ..... Trade Union Rights Georges Vanhaute .... Democracy and Trade Union Life C. Salducci .......... Young Workers J. Kabourek ......... WFTU in Relation to the UN and the ILO. Personalities present at the opening session included Georghe Apostol, President, Central Council of Rumanian Trade Unions; Anton Moisescu, Vice President, Central Council of Rumanian Trade Unions; Ralea (fnu), Academician, representing the Rumanian National Commission of UNESCO; Tudor Vianu, Academician, representing the Rumanian National Commission of UNESCO; Louis Saillant, Secretary General of the WFTU. c. A labor school sponsored by the Confederacion Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 General de Trabajadores was reported to have been held in San Jose, Costa Rica, 5-31 May 1958. It was alleged that the school was sup- ported by the WFTU to the extent of $4, 000. An enrollment of 30 pupils was reported. Of this number 15 were alleged to be Costa Ricans while the remainder were Central Americans and Panamanians. The director of the school, according to the Costa Rican newspaper La Nacion, 11 June 1958, was Alvaro Montero. Jose Amador Perez was the subdirector, Rodolfo Guzman an instructor and Eduardo Mora Valverde a lecturer. Three students were arrested when they attempted to re-enter Nicaragua upon completion of the school. They were identified as: (1) (2) Domingo Antonio Sanchez Salgado, 43 years of age, born in Chaquitillo. In 1947 the sub- ject was reported to be a member of the Communist Party of Nicaragua. He is a member of the Sindicato de Carpinteros y Similares and a member of the Executive Committee of the Confederacion General de Trabajadores. He was mentioned by Carlos Fonseca Amador during an investigation as an active and important Communist. Roberto Nicholas Zamora Suazo, 35 years of age, born in Leon, a shoemaker by profes- sion. In 1947 the subject was Secretary for the Communist Party of Nicaragua in Leon. In 1949 he became the Secretary of the Finance Section of the same Party and in 1950 was the head of its Statistical Section. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 (3) Tomas Pravia Reyes, 33 years of age, born in Matagalpa, a carpenter by profes- sion. The subject was considered a Com- munist in 1957. Two Panamanian students, Ruben Garcia Castro and Marta Matamoros Montoya, were arrested by the Costa Rican Intelligence Service after the school had closed. 2. Use of the International Solidarity Fund The resolution dealing with the International Solidar- ity Fund passed at the 4th World Congress stressed the significance of the Fund for the development of fraternal solidarity and friendship among workers throughout the world as well as the urgent need for all National Centers, trade union organizations, so- cial organizations and workers to provide the Fund with necessary resources. During 1958 the following disbursals from the International Solidarity Fund were noted: a. $1,500 to help flood Victims in Ceylon b. 2, 000 pounds to aid Australian Strikers c. 1, 000 pounds to aid the families of workers of Sakiet Sidi Youssef (Tunisia) who lost their homes when the village was bombarded by the French. d. 1, 000 pounds to the Japanese Coalminers Federa- tion (TANRO) to aid its struggle for trade union rights. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 3. Soviet Trade Union Contacts a. V. V. Grishin, Chairman of the All Union Central Council of Trade Unions, was re- ported in January 1958 to have stated, "It is our duty to actively help consolidate the World Federation of Trade Unions, and extend the in- fluence and enhance the prestige of the WFTU and Trade Union Internationals. We must necessarily extend friendly contacts with trade unions of the capitalist and colonial countries. The trade union central committee s must more actively establish connections with industrial trade unions and the trade union councils with the territorial trade union organizations there." b. That the Soviets have indeed implemented such a program is evidenced by the following: (1) (2) (3) a Soviet trade union delegation headed by Leonid Soloviev visited Cairo on 16 January 1958 at the invitation of the Egyptian Confed- eration of Trade Unions; a Soviet trade union delegation headed by A. Shevchenko visited Yugoslavia on 28 January 1958 at the invitation of the Central Council of the Confederation of Yugoslav Trade Unions; a Soviet trade union delegation headed by Leonid Soloviev visited Helsinki on 3.4 Feb- ruary at the invitation of the Finnish National Trade Union Centre (SAK); (4) a Soviet trade union delegation headed by 157 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Leonid Soloviev visited Poland 14 April 1958 to attend the 4th Congress of the Polish Trade Unions; (5) a Soviet trade union delegation headed by E. T. Cherednichenko visited Uruguay on 1 May 1958; (6) a delegation of the trade union of the timber, paper and wood processing industry left Moscow for Japan the first week in June 1958; headed by Vladimir Stepanovitch Bondarenko, the delegation included Evgeni Alekseevitch Sizov and Andrei Benediktovitch Shuklin; (7) at the end of June 1958 a delegation from the Central Council of the Soviet Trade Unions visited Austria in response to an invitation from the Austrian Federation of Trade Unions; it took part in many discussions and meetings and was received by Johan Bohm, President of the Austrian Federation of Trade Unions and Anton Proksch, Minister of Social Insurance. c. The first conference of the permanent Soviet- Finnish Trade Union Commission was held in Helsinki 27-30 June 1958. The Soviet delegation was headed by V. V. Grishin while the Finnish group was led by E. Antikainen. At the meeting it was decided to consolidate ties between the two national Centers, between branch trade unions and their primary organizations and in addition to exchange information on trade union activity. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1. Two organizational problems face the WFTU. The first of these is how to bridge the gap between the organization and the peoples of Africa and Asia. At the 17th Session of the Executive Committee of the WFTU it was decided to abolish the Asian- Australasian Liaison Bureau of the WFTU located in Peiping. At the same meeting the Executive Com- mittee pledged its complete support to the Permanent Secretariat for Afro-Asian Solidarity which had been established as a result of the Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Conference held in Cairo 26 December 1957 - 1 January 1958. The WFTU Executive Committee also offered the Permanent Secretariat for Afro-Asian Solidarity its cooperation so as to 'rally the people of Asia and Africa to ensure peace in the world, fight against colonialism, win and safe- guard national independence, develop national economy and raise workers' living standards". In this connec- tion it is of interest to note that TUNG Hsin, then secretary of the Secretariat of the All China Federa- tion of Trade Unions* as well as a member of the Executive Committee of the WFTU, had traveled to Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt and the Sudan in early 1957 and was reported to have urged trade union leaders to support an Afro-Asian gathering. TUNG Hsin subsequently returned to Cairo as a Chinese delegate to the Afro-Asian Solidarity Conference in December 1957. He again visited Cairo for two weeks in May 1958. He was, however, relieved of this position in August 1958. See 2, immediately following. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The second problem of the WFTU is essentially a disciplinary one of dealing with revisionist tendencies in trade unions affiliated to WFTU. The charges directed against revisionism in trade unions were outlined in a Pravda article of Z8 April 1958 by Boris Ponomar. ev, a leading Soviet theoretician. "Rightwing opportunists in the Communist parties of Capitalist countries often deny the indispensability of strong parties ral- lied closely together on the ideological basis of Marxism-Leninism. Certain people in the revisionist groups have called openly for the dissolution of Com- munist parties. This restores the trade unionist point of view, which was smashed by Marxism-Leninism long ago, that in the countries where mass Communist par- ties do not exist the workers masses should become integrated increasingly through the trade unions in the process of the struggle to consolidate the influence of the working class on society and its lead- ing role in the system of authority.. . Marxist-Leninists evaluate highly the activity of the trade unions but without the Communist parties the trade unions cannot bring about the socialist aims of the work- ing class. " Georghe Apostol, Chairman of the Central Council of Trade Unions of Rumania, in a speech delivered at a joint meeting of the Bucharest trade union aktiv and 160 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 delegates of the Central Council of Free Hungarian Trade Unions on 21 July 1958, stated that the problem "of outstanding importance at the present for the international working class movement and, therefore for the trade unions too, is the unmask- ing and firm combating of contemporary revisionism which promotes the influence of the bourgeois ideology in the ranks of the working class". Citing a specific case he said that revisionist ideas had been formulated by Yugoslav leaders concerning "the role played by trade unions in the period of building socialism". At the eighth session of the Executive Committee of the All China Federation of Trade Unions held in Peiping 6 August 1958, certain leading cadres of the trade unions were criticized for their "erroneous ideas of fighting against the party and the government power, of worshiping spontaneous movements of workers and of usurping the party's guiding principles for the trade union movement". Trade Union workers were called upon to "pulverize the rightist inclined opportunism which usurps the party guiding principles for trade unions and surrenders to the bourgeoisie". LIU Ning-i, Vice Chairman of the All China Federa- tion of Trade Unions, pointed out at the same session of the Executive Committee that "trade union organs should unconditionally accept the leadership of the Communist Party. Alienated from the party leadership, there will be no socialism, nor will there be any genuine movement of workers. Trade unions should be mass organizations of the working class with clear-cut revolutionary characteristics" IT. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 At this eighth session the Executive Committee relieved both CHEN Yung-wen and TU Tsun-hsun of their membership and duties in the Executive Committee because of their "rightist activities". TUNG Hsin, previously mentioned above, was relieved of his position as secretary of the Secretariat and of membership in the Presidium; WANG Jung was relieved of his membership in the presidium of the All China Federation of Trade Unions for unspecified reasons. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 VI. WORLD FEDERATION OF SCIENTIFIC WORKERS (WFSW) A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. WFSW COUNCIL MEETING, Basel, Switzerland, February 1958. At this meeting, the WFSW council decided not to cooperate with the WPC in preparation for the World Conference for Disarmament and International Cooperation to be held in Stockholm in July. (See I-A-9 above) This was the first time full cooperation with the WPC had not been accepted and urged. It appeared to be a gesture designed to facilitate the re-entry of the WFSW into consultative status in UNESCO. The resignation of the late Frederic Joliot- Curie, member of the French Communist Party Central Committee, as president of the WFSW may have been for the same motive. 2. Circulation of the Linus Pauling Petition to the UN against Atomic Tests, Spring 1958. Linus Pauling (US) obtained the signatures of 9000 scientists from various countries. Many of these scientists were his colleagues when he was a Vice President of the WFSW. The petition led to a suit against the US filed in Washington claiming that atomic fall-out was damaging human health. The suit was also signed by many well-known persons, including Norman Thomas, Martin Niemoeller, Bertrand Russell and Brock Chisholm, former director of the World Health Organization of the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 United Nations, who was recently made an officer of the WFSW. 3. Second Conference of Atomic Scientists, Pugwash, Nova Scotia, April 1958. This conference was the second of such affairs that took place at the estate of Cyrus Eaton, Cleveland industrialist, after a "call" for it from Bertrand Russell. The WFSW at its annual congress in September 1957 took credit for the preparation of the first Pugwash conference held in the summer of 1957, and presumably also assisted in staging the second conference. 4. WORLD CONFERENCE OF SCIENTISTS, Vienna and Kitzbuehel, 14-21 September 1958. This conference is sponsored by the Koerner Foundation of Austria, a highly respectable organization of which Adolf Schaerf, the President of Austria, is an official. The WFSW is staying carefully in the background but its president, Prof. Cecil F. Powell of England, and other WFSW members were active in its prep- aration, the WPC and IIP heavily propagandized it, and it is openly called the 3rd Pugwash conference or "a continuation of the Pugwash conferences" by its organizers, who include Bertrand Russell, Cecil F. Powell, Professors Rabinowitch (USA), Rotblath. (England) and Skobeltzyn (USSR). In fact these organizers signed their letters of invitation "The Continuing Committee of the Pugwash Conferences. " Meetings are to take place in Vienna and Kitzbuehel; speeches will be given at the latter location by the 164 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 41 1 Lord Mayor of Vienna, the President of the Austrian Republic, Mr. Eaton and Lord Bertrand Russell, according to the announced agenda. The agenda is as follows: a. Review of the previous Pugwash Conferences b. Dangers of War and Nuclear Tests: material destruction and economic consequences; biological effects. c. Relaxation of Tensions and Disarmament Problems: consequences of the arms race; tech- nical and political aspects of disarmament; problems of trust among nations; promotion of international cooperation; world security system-. d. Living in the Scientific Age: education for the age of science; constructive uses of science and technology; energy sources and population problems; responsibilities of scientists in the atomic age. e. Further Organization of Activities: /This item indicates planning toward a permanent organization- a long-time ambition of the WPC and WFSW./ f. Discussion of a Public Statement If the Communists among the delegates succeed in controlling the conference, the public statement may consist of a summary of the propaganda of the current Soviet campaign for disarmament and the prohibition of atomic tests, in which case full use will be made Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized -Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Y } of it in Communist media all over the world. Full u-se will also be made of the windfall bf names of prominent and respectable people who are used as unwitting "front men" to further Soviet propaganda and political objectives. An attendance of about 80 scientists is expected, preferably those in the atomic energy field. These delegates will be the guests of the Koerner Foundation while in Austria. Although the "Continuing Committee" had some funds for travelling expenses of scientists, it was hoped the date (just after the Geneva Atoms- for-Peace Conference) would eliminate the need for subsidies, and also persuade some scientists to attend who would not otherwise have done so. B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES (As expressed in the resolutions passed by the 5th Assembly of the WFSW held in Helsinki, September 1957) 1. The 5th General Assembly of the WFSW recommended to its affiliated organizations to arrange in 1958 conferences on some scientific subjects for which specialized international scientific organizations have not yet been established. Topics were suggested such as the problems of training scientific workers, problems of the organization and financing of scientific work, improving conditions of work, etc. However, nothing has yet come of these proposals. 2. The General Assembly recommended that its affiliated organizations increase the exchange of delegations of scientific workers for short visits to various states. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1. In connection with work towards improving the conditions of scientists, John Bernal, a WFSW vice president, told a press. conference at Helsinki that the WFSW is sending out questionnaires to scientists throughout the world to serve as a basis for discussion of scientists' working conditions, sala- ries, etc. This is the third of such questionnaires sent out by the WFSW, one of which had notable connotations of intelligence collection. Answers to all of these questionnaires could be of use to Soviet information and propaganda. 2. It was also decided to increase the circulation of WFSW periodicals and other publications, particularly of Scientific World, which is published in ten languages and attained a circulation of 20, 000 in its first two issues. Other publications include the house organ WFSW Bulletin, WFSW Regional News Service, and special publications such as The Social Responsibilities of Scientists and Unmeasured Hazards, the latter a report on nuclear tests which was widely distributed by the International Institute for Peace in Vienna. 3. The WFSW is preoccupied with broadening its membership and influence by stressing its "non- political" character and trying to dispel the distrust it has engendered throughout the Free World by its past activities in.behalf of Soviet objectives. This is evident in the precautions it has exerted in the past two years and continues to exert to keep clear of any action that might jeopardize its chances of regaining 167 - IL Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 consultative status in the UNESCO. (It was recommended in May 1958 by the UNESCO Executive Board that the application be rejected.) Speakers at the 5th General Assembly in Helsinki in September 1957 as well as a message to the Assembly from its retiring President, Joliot-Curie, repeatedly warned the delegates that the current distrust of the WFSW must be overcome by strict adherence to scientific matters and that measures must be taken to regain a broader representation. The new President, Cecil F. Powell, admitted that the WFSW does not at this time represent "a broad spectrum of opinion" and that it is financed mainly by the Soviet bloc. The treasurer, William Wooster, reminded the Assembly that the WFSW had never been able to organize the world conference of scientists which is perennially on its program. (Note: This "conference of scientists" has also been a WPC project and has been featured in Soviet suggestions. It was finally achieved by means of the "Pugwash Conferences" mentioned above.) The resolutions of the last WFSW conference in Helsinki were non- political, condemned no one, omitted for the first time an appeal for outright banning of nuclear weapons, and went no further than to call for an immediate agreement to end nuclear tests. However, the main papers read were eulogies of the position of scientists and the advances of science in general in the Soviet Union, China, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Hungary and Albania. D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 1. It may be possible that Frederic Joliot-Curie's resignation after serving as president of the WFSW 168 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 for eleven years was motivated to some degree by the expediency of removing so prominent a Communist from its leadership in order to regain UNESCO status. This has been done in other Comr_aiiist front organizations to some extent. However, Joliot-Curie was not in good health (he died on 14 August 1958); his announced reasons for resigning were probably valid. His successor, Cecil F. Powell, a cosmic ray scientist of England, has been denied work in British sensitive scientific posts for security reasons and has also been denied passports to go to Moscow and to East Berlin. Although not known as a member of the Communist Party, he has been an ardent fellow-traveler for twenty-five years. Other changes in the officials of the WFSW made at the 5th Assembly are minor--the principal posts went to the same people with the exception of that of Dr. Linus Pauling who was for years the United States representative on the Council; his post is mwmarked "vacant". It is possible that Dr. Pauling is proving more useful to the Federation in non-official status, as his recent activity in conducting a signature campaign against nuclear tests indicates. He claims to have gathered more than 9, 000 signatures of scientists and he made a point of stressing that no organization was behind the campaign. Z. The subcommittee of the Scientific Information Center (set up at the 4th General Assembly in 1955) reported that its work had consisted of circulating scientific publications for a few months to a sample list of affiliates who were asked to report on the value of 169 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 this service. Up to the time of the conference, favorable replies had been received from Bulgaria and China. This Information Center had sent out to the affiliate organizations a schedule of scientific conferences and trade fairs and had also distributed a prelim- inary list of Scientific and Technical Conferences for 1958 and 1959. 3. As an example of the work done by a regional center, of which there are eight, the report of the WFSW Regional Center for Central and Eastern Europe (in Prague) is cited. The Center had established and maintained contacts with scientists in Albania, Korea, Mongolia, and Rumania, . keeping them informed about the aims and work of the WFSW through publication of the fundamental documents. Promising discussions were taking place with the Viet Nam scientists. Russian editions of WFSW documents were being sent to Yugoslavia, Egypt, Indonesia and other countries. Scientists coming to Prague were familiarized with the aims of the Federation. The Center had invited to Europe, or made it possible to visit other countries, some 117 scientific workers from twenty-four countries. It had helped in securing affiliation of scientists from its area to various international scientific bodies. It had recommended to its regional branches that they participate in various scientific congresses in other countries. In some cases it had helped in establishing contacts between 170 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 various scientific institutes in its region and those of other countries. The Center praised the help it received from the London Center Regional News Service and from the News of the Indian Region. It had organized a Regional Conference 28-29 October 1957 in Prague on the material and legal status of the scientific workers. Summer exchange of scientists had been accomplished between Germany, Bulgaria, Rumania, and Czechoslovakia. The Center, in charge of publishing the Russian language editions of WFSW literature and distributing them, had issued some 20, 000 copies of various publica- tions and ten issues of Regional News Service. It also distributes UNO, UNESCO and WHO publications. Unmeasured Hazards was distributed in 13, 000 Russian and 20, 000 German copies. Two prominent Japanese atomic scientists had been brought to lecture throughout the area and in the Soviet Union. The Center helped "an independent body of Czechoslovakian journalists" in their query on the opinion of top-ranking scientists of the whole world about danger of atomic energy. Their answers were then printed in the daily press and given to press agencies. The Pugwash Conference results were published. The Center circulated information about dates and venues of important conferences to persons and organizations "which have little access of information." The Center helped the Radio International to prepare a series of talks on the latest achievements in science. Publications are being exchanged between UNESCO, UNO, and "a great number of scientific institutions and libraries in Europe, Asia and America." The Center intends to intensify its contacts for information Sanitized -Approved, For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 exchange, to improve regional distribution by personal contacts with correspondents and by setting up an editorial board. It will promote national, regional, and international discus- sions and conferences on subject common to scientific workers--education of scientific manpower, connection between science and practice, proportional development of science in present society, problems of nuclear energy, etc . Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 VII. THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS (IADL) A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. IADL CONFERENCE, Colombo, Ceylon, 3-8 May 1958. The agenda of this conference was mainly concerned with: a) The activity of the IADL in favor of disarmament (they claimed to have discussed this from the point of view of the United Nations and its Charter) b) Principles of coexistence c) Prohibition of atomic and hydrogen bomb tests and use of the tests as diplomatic weapons, in relation to international law d) Possible expansion and development of IADL activities e) Proposal for a conference of lawyers in a non-European capital for early 1959. The Conference expressed full support of collabo- ration with the WPC-sponsored Conference for Disarmament and International Cooperation in Stockholm (see I-A-9) and for the Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs in Tokyo (see I-A-11). The Ceylonese Minister of Justice, Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 M. W. H. DeSilva, was elected a Vice President of the IADL and Prime Minister Bandaranaike made the opening address. The purpose for holding the conference in Colombo was probably to cultivate the anti-Western sentiment which already exists among Ceylonese intellectuals and to influence local lawyers as well as to get publicity for the Soviet disarmament and anti- nuclear tests campaign. However, although the local IADL affiliate was the host for the conference, many of its members are not leftist and belong to it chiefly for professional reasons. Other local lawyers paid little attention to the conference and the Prime Minister's remarks were very general and noncommittal. Delegates from 17 countries attended the conference-- Belgium, Burma, Ceylon, China, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Pakistan, Poland and USSR. 2. International Colloquium on Private International Law, Mari.ansky-Lazny, Czechoslovakia, 7-15 July 1958. 3. Discussion Meeting on "Safety at Work", London, September 1958. This meeting was initiated by the Haldane Society. B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 1. 7th IADL Congress, 1959 (Date and location not yet announced. The Bureau has been instructed to make arrangements for this congress. 174 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 2. The IADL Secretariat was instructed to arrange a meeting in either London or Brussels between the Bureau and the IADL English and Belgian sections at which problems raised by these two sections regarding IADL action during the crisis in Hungary would be discussed "and resolved". (These two sections had complained during the November 1957 IADL conference in Moscow that no replies had been received from the IADL when they requested information on this crisis.) C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS The Council decided at Moscow in November 1957 that it must rid itself of the one-sided political reputation that it had attained, regain its membership losses, especially in Western Europe, and pay more attention to strictly legal matters with special stress on strengthening legality in socialist countries.* It also decided to recommend to all the national sections that they consider disarmament as a permanent and primary task and to request the UN Secretary General to seek new methods to find an efficient solution to disarmament problems among the great powers, including China. *In this connection, at least one IADL figure, Danial Latifi of the Indian affiliate, signed a critical letter concerning the execution of Nagy by the Hungarian government. This letter was published without comment in the pro-Communist Indian newspaper Blitz in late June 1958. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Admitting shortcomings in the past, the Council expressed the duty of the IADL and all sections to answer promptly and comprehensively all questions put to them on relevant matters (Note: an echo of the dissension over the Hungarian situation). The Council expressed its satisfaction over its successfully sponsored Conference of Afro-Asian Lawyers in Damascus in November 1957 and instructed the Secretariat to disseminate reports of the good work done there. It also expressed satisfaction concerning the widening circulation of Law in the Service of Peace and other IADL publications and its intention to extend this circulation. The Council directed the Secretariat to seek enlarged contacts with lawyers' organizations in different countries, to take an increased interest in legal and scientific conferences, to make an effort to bring the Yugoslav section back into affiliation, and to find new forms and methods of work in order to attract an increasing number of lawyers who would help to consolidate peaceful coexistence between states of different social and economic systems. From the lessons of past difficulties, the General Secretary drew the conclusion that in the future the Association ought to publish resolutions or statements of positions on controversial problems put out by national groups without necessarily associating itself with such pronouncements. This was put into practice at the Moscow Council meeting by publishing two resolutions made by the People's Democracy of Korea and the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam respectively. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The Koreans again charged the United States with atrocities and violations of the Armistice Treaty; much the same thing occurred against the South Viet Nam authorities in the Viet Nam resolutions. The IADL Council decided (a) to bring these decla- rations to the knowledge of the UN Secretary General; (b) to make representations to all foreign powers involved to permit Korean and Vietnamese peoples to be masters of their own destinies; (c) to make representation to all powers involved that they respect international agreements in Korea and Viet Nam; (d) to make representation to the competent authorities that they respect principles of law... and punish those responsible for crimes; (e) to make representation to all parties involved to induce them to refrain from importing new armaments, particularly atomic weapons... or new personnel... , and to put an end to the construction of military bases. D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES THE COUNCIL MEETING in Moscow in November 1957 elected two new Vice Presidents- -Professor HIRANO Yoshitaro of Japan and Ali Badawi of Egypt, former Minister of Justice and former Dean of the Law Faculty of the Cairo University. The Council elected Mario Berlinguer of the Rome Supreme Court of Appeal and Professor Bystricky of Prague to the Secretariat. It accepted the resignations of Stuart Shields, the British secretary, and Istvan Kovacs, the Hungarian secretary, without nominating their successors, because the Haldane Society and the Hungarian Association would be making proposals in this connection. 177 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 , Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 VIII. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF JOURNALISTS (IOJ) A. ACTIVITIES HELD 1. International Conference of Reporters, Bucharest, 11-13 May 1958. This meeting, sponsored by the IOJ and organized by its Rumanian affiliate, was open to all journalists. Journalists from 23 countries were reported in attendance, but total attendance fell far short of the 170 originally anticipated. The following reports were among those presented: a. Reporting as a Means of Understanding and Rapprochement Between the Peoples, by Gheorghe Ivascu (Rumania) b. Current Tendencies and Personalities of Modern Reporting, by Maria Sedlakova (Czechoslovakia) c. Sensational Facts in Reporting - Their Harmful and Their Useful Effects, by Jocelyn Dos Santos (Brazil) d. Color and Ideas in Reporting, by Ilya Kotenko (USSR) The Conference adopted a vaguely worded appeal calling upon reporters to bar any war propaganda and to express objectively and realistically the great con- cern of the people for the future", before "the bombs of atomic death start dropping." 179 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 2. Fourth Congress of the IOJ, Bucharest, 15-18 May 1958. a. This Congress, the first held since 1950, was attended by 60 delegates and 21 observers from 28 countries. The Congress adopted a resolution on "peace" and also a resolution on the co- operation and unity of journalists. The latter resolution stated that the "Congress has decided, wherever there is an opportunity, be it on a re- gional plane, through specialist journalist circles or through agreements based on concrete points of common interest, to promote every possible forward move in the field of co-operation between journalists until their complete interna- tional unity has been achieved." b. The Congress also decided to establish an "Inter- national Prize for Journalists" of $500. 00. The first awards will be made in December 1958 by an international jury selected for the purpose. B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Second International Conference of Journalists. During the 7th National Conference of Brazilian Journal- ists, 7-14 September 1957, a meeting was held of those journalists who had attended the International Conference of Journalists in Helsinki in 1956. Jean-Maurice Hermann, President of the IOJ, attended the meeting. The partici- pants addressed a letter to the "Committee for Coopera- tion of Journalists" requesting the Committee to convene the conference in the near future. The "Committee for Cooperation of Journalists" was created at the Helsinki meeting which was held under the covert sponsorship of the IOJ. The headquarters of the Committee is in Paris. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 The Fourth Congress of the IOJ resolved to "confirm that the decisions taken by the Helsinki meeting of journalists are and remain the object and entire attention of the IOJ. " C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 1. International Holiday Center for Journalists. The Center, also referred to as the Journalists' Rest Home, is now under construction in Bulgaria on the coast of the Black Sea. The Fourth Congress of the IOJ charged the IOJ Executive Committee with organizing a collection for the building, endowment, and cost of running this rest home. 2. International Solidarity Fund. At the Fourth Congress of the IOJ it was decided to call on journalists the world over to institute a day of solidarity with jour- nalists subjected to repression because of their work for peace. Wages for this day to be entirely or in part paid into the Solidarity Fund of the IOJ. The International Solidarity Fund of the IOJ was created in 1953 to 'render aid to journalists "who are subjected to any type of discrimination and persecuted for truthful reporting." 3. Visit of Soviet Delegation. Daniil Kraminov, a vice president of the IOJ, was a member of a delegation of Soviet Journalists which visited Argentina, Uruguay, Chile and Panama during May and early June 1958. Kraminov is also Chairman of the Inter- national Relations Committee of the Organizational Bureau of the Union of Soviet Journalists. 4. Application for Consultative Status in UNESCO. In Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 mom May 1958 the Executive Board of UNESCO recom- mended that the IOJ's latest application for consult- ative status be rejected by the General Conference of UNESCO when it convenes in November 1958. D. ORGANIZATIONAL NOTES 1. Change of Statutes. At the Fourth Congress of the IOJ the statutes were amended so that now the IOJ Congress will meet every four years instead of every two years as heretofore. Between Congresses the Executive Committee is to be the supreme leading body of the IOJ. 2. New Affiliations. The Fourth Congress also accepted the affiliation of journalist groups of Madagascar and Aleppo (United Arab Republic). The application of the "Organization of Ceylonese Journalists" was also accepted. (The Statutes of the IOJ provide for mem- ber ship of individuals, groups and national organiza- tions of journalists. A Ceylon group, also known as the Ceylon Branch of the IOJ, was already affiliated to the IOJ. Presumably it has transformed itself into a national organization known as the Organization of Ceylonese Journalists and was accepted by the Con- gress as the national affiliate for Ceylon.) 3. New Officers. Tho following were elected or re- elected to the Bureau of the IOJ by the Fourth Congress: President: Jean-Maurice Hermann (France) Vice Presidents: Michal Hofman (also reported as Mickal Hoffman) (Poland) 182 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 TENG To (Communist China) Renato Leduc (Mexico) Daniil Kraminov (USSR) Place reserved for Africa Secretary General: Jaroslav Knobloch (Czechoslovakia) 4. Editorial Staff of The Democratic Journalist. The Editorial Staff of the IOJ's official publication is now composed of the following individuals: Editor: Jaroslav Knobloch (Czechoslovakia) Editorial Board: AN Gan (Communist China) Jean-Maurice Hermann (France), President of IOJ A. I. Langfang (USSR) T. Lipski (Poland) K. Zieris (Czechoslovakia) B. Nonev (Bulgaria) TIN Bin-Gu (Korea) Editorial Secretary. Z. Dvoracek (Czechoslovakia) This appears to be an unusually large Editorial Staff for a monthly publication consisting of only 12 pages. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915,000900340003-2 IX. INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RESISTANCE FIGHTERS (FIR) A. ACTIVITIES HELD OR SCHEDULED 1. Bureau Meeting, Prague, 15-16 March 1958. A Communique was issued at the close of the meeting which a. called on member organizations to do their utmost to make the FIR Congress, to be held in Vienna 28-30 November 1958, a great manifes- tation of loyalty, unanimity and brotherhood, uniting all resistance fighters; b. stated that the FIR Bureau had accepted an invitation to take part in the World Congress for Disarmament and International Cooperation; (See I-A-9) c. expressed opposition to the revival of German militari sm; d. expressed the desire that a Summit conference be held as soon as possible. Buchenwald Memorial Inauguration, September 1958. Three thousand members of national resistance organ- izations from a number of European countries are to be invited to the opening ceremonies. Premier Otto Grotewohl of the German "Democratic" Republic is Chairman of the Buchenwald Memorial Center Committe e. 185 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 r Sanitized -,Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 3. THIRD CONGRESS OF FIR, Vienna, 28-30 November 1958. Was originally scheduled for June 1958 in Copenhagen. Discussion topics: a. Praise of the Historic Role of the Resistance. b. Defense of the Rights of Resistance Fighters and Victims of Nazism and Fascism. c. Mutual Aid and Social Action. d. Struggle for the Liberty and Dignity of Man. e. Defense of Peace, of the Independence and the Security of our Countries. B. PROPOSED ACTIVITIES Second Information Meeting of Former Fighters and Members of the Resistance Movement and War Victims. This meeting was originally scheduled to take place in Paris, 29-30 March 1958. The French Ministry of For- eign Affairs, however, refused to grant entry visas to representatives from Czechoslovakia, Poland and the USSR. It is now planned that the meeting will be held in another "country at a later date." C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS The FIR has announced that in cooperation with the Ger- man Association of Victims of the Nazi Regime it is establishing an international youth camp in the Black Forest, near Stuttgart, for resistance fighters' sons between the ages of 16 and 18. This is an extension of the FIR's holiday program for children, which has hither- to been confined to children up to 14 years of age. 186 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 X. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING ORGANIZATION (OIR) 16th Annual Conference of the OIR, Moscow, 12 -22 May 1958. Eighty-nine representatives from 19 countries as well as observers from Morocco, the United States, Yugoslavia, the International Telecommunications Union, the Interna- tional Radio Consultative Committee and UNESCO were reported to have attended the Conference. The Conference decided, among other things, 1. to hold its 1959 Conference in Helsinki, 2. to propose to UNESCO that the 10th General Confer- ence of UNESCO should discuss the question of con- vening in 1959 a conference of representatives of the existing associations and unions of broadcasting, 3. to propose that the OIR become a founder member of a new world organization attached to UNESCO: The International Film and Television Institute, 4. to propose to the European Broadcasting Union the convening in 1958 of a joint conference of experts for exchange of information, 5. to give aid to Asian countries in broadcasting and to urge construction of small cheap wireless sets adapted to conditions in tropical countries. r r - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Regional Conferences. In an interview following the above Conference Josef Weiser, Secretary General of the OIR, stated that the Conference has instructed the Administrative Council of the OIR. to sponsor further regional conferences (such as the Asian Folk Music Broadcasting Conference held in Peiping in April 1958). C. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS Application for Consultative Status in UNESCO. In May 1958 the Executive Board of UNESCO recommended that OIR's latest application for consultative status be re- jected by the General Conference of UNESCO when it convenes in November 1958. 1. Election of New Officers. At the 16th Annual Con- ference the following were elected or re-elected to the new Administrative Council of the OIR: Chairman: Vasily Ivanov (Bulgaria) Vice Chairman: YU Yong-pyo (North Korea) Secretary General: Josef Weiser (Czechoslovakia) In addition to the above WEN Chi-tse (Communist China) was apparently retained as a vice chairman. 2. New Affiliation. Just prior to the opening of the Conference, the Administrative Council met and unanimously decided to admit the Egyptian Radio of Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 the United Arab Republic to membership. The United Arab Republic is only the second non- Communist country (Finland is the other) to become a member of the OIR. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Safiitizeci - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 XI. THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR PROMOTION OF TRADE This front dissolved its central liaison organization in 1956 with the announcement that the national affiliates were now in a position to proceed without it but urging them to keep in touch with each other. The French section dis- solved soon thereafter and other national sections have become more or less inactive with the exception of the Chinese, Japanese, East German and Korean Committees. Even among these, there is a tendency to have the govern- ments actually organize trade talks and missions in which individual members of the committees participate. However, the development of trade between East and West remains a major Soviet objective and the need for another international economic conference is a recurring theme in the other Communist fronts. The Soviet Union proposed such a conference for 1958 at the General Assembly of the United Nations in February 1957. It has not yet been scheduled, however. With the convening of an Afro-Asian Economic Conference in Cairo in December 1958, it is possible that these national trade promotion groups may find it an oppor- tunity to play an active role in organizing participation and encouraging support of proposals which have Soviet bloc endorsement. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R0Q0900340003-2 XII. UNION OF SOVIET SOCIETIES OF FRIENDSHIP AND CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES 1. Between late October 1957 and the end of February 1958, Soviet societies of friendship and culture with nine countries were announced. These countries were: China, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy and Poland. A clear forecast that additional societies were to be formed was found in Pravda's comment on 7 February that many proposals had been made concern- ing the "necessity of establishing societies of friendship and culture with other countries". 2. The formation of individual friendship societies was the first step in a revamping of the Soviet Union's apparatus for semi-official cultural contacts abroad. On 7 February, Pravda stated that a special session of the VOKS Board, under whose "auspices" the societies were established, had agreed to unite the individual societies by establishing an "alliance" of the societies. A national conference adopted a resolution establishing the Union of Soviet Societies of Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries. Nina Popova, the VOKS head, was elected chairman of the new Union. 3. The next step in this calculated pattern concerned VOKS itself. In a broadcast of Z7 February, Tass Moscow reported that the Board of VOKS had decided to "wind up" its operations and surrender its functions and responsi- bilities to the newly created Union of Societies. The timing of this announcement was evidently intended to suggest that the decision to dissolve VOKS was reached at a time subse- quent to the 17-18 February conference. Actually, this Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 decision must have been made at least at the time of the conference and probably before. The Moscow corres- pondent of the Italian CP newspaper, L'Unita, reported in a dispatch dated 17 February that the new Union "shall take the place of VOKS". 4. It is evident that VOKS has simply become the Union of Soviet Societies of Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries. The term "dissolution" of the 33-year old organization has no other real meaning. According to Tass, VOKS will turn over to the new Union "its premises, inventory, and other assets". Culture and Life, the monthly periodical published by VOKS, will be the organ of the new Union. Popova has become the new chief and other VOKS personnel will undoubtedly staff the new Union and play key roles within the individual societies. 5. Put in another way, the new approach and changes show that the individual societies and the Union are probably also designed a. to provide a fresh and more flexible apparatus for contacts with foreign countries; b. to encourage public opinion abroad concerning the Soviet Unionts friendship, peaceful intentions, achievements, and maturity as a great nation; c. to reach and influence persons heretofore uninter- ested in the work of a friendship society with the USSR existing in their own country; d. to facilitate and encourage selected travel into and out of the USSR; Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 e. to exploit to a greater extent the foreign diplomatic colony in Moscow for Soviet propaganda purposes; f. to enable counterpart societies in Free World countries to move away from the links that tie them to the local CP1s (and thereby make them vulnerable to enemy propaganda) by the establishment of a bilateral relationship which could make frequent association with the local CP unnecessary; to provide the Soviet State Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries with a more useful adjunct in the field of unofficial contacts. 6. By the middle of July 1958, the total number of friendship societies within the USSR had grown to twenty. Additional societies were announced for Albania, the Arab East, Belgium, Britaip, Bulgaria, Greece, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, Rumania and Sweden. Discussions were also reported to be under way concerning the organization of societies for Norway and the United States. 7. Organizational Notes The new Union of Soviet Societies of Friendship was set up with a twelve-member Presidium. The president of the Presidium, Nina Popova, is assisted by five vice- presidents. These have been reported to be N. T. Sizov (candidate member, Moscow City Party Committee) N. A. Vizzhilin (a former deputy chairman of VOKS) G. M. Kalishyan (a former deputy chairman of VOKS) V. I. Gorshkov (possibly the Gorshkov who was reported in 1952 to be a propaganda specialist in VOKS) E. V. Ivanov. Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Another former deputy chairman of VOKS, Lidya Kislova, is also a responsible official of the new Union and at pre- sent appears to be Acting Chief of the American Section. It is believed that most former VOKS officials and employees are presently working in the new Union and that it may in fact be necessary to augment the former staff in order to handle the work of the various new individual societies. In all cases, the individual societies themselves are headed by persons prominent in the arts, sciences, pro- fessions, etc. Each society also has a "board" composed of a dozen or more individuals who are prominent in various Soviet circles. There is no doubt that the actual direction and manipulation of the societies will be by the area specialists within the geographic sections of the Union. Some friendship societies abroad are anticipating improvements in their status because they feel that the creation of individual societies in the USSR will result in increased Soviet attention and support. It is likely that an attempt will be made to have the local societies abroad headed by prominent and non-political persons, as they are in the Soviet Union. 8. In line with a general increase noted in direct Soviet con- tacts abroad, both party and government, it is expected that the new societies and the Union will also provide another vehicle to be utilized as RIS cover and to hide CPSU specialists giving guidance to foreign Communist parties. 196 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 ? Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF INTERNATIONAL FRONT MEETINGS, 1958-1959 6-11 January 1958. IUS Executive Committee Meeting, Leipzig. (WFDY-IUS) 63 (Text reference) 7-10 January 1958. The Administrative Committee of the Trade Unions International of Public and Allied Employees sponsored a meeting of trade union representatives, doctors and experts at Strasbourg, France. (WFTU) 144-145 8-9 January 1958. Executive Committee Meeting of Democratic Union of Austrian Women, Vienna. (WIDF) 127 8-10 January 1958. The Administrative Committee of the Miners Trade Union International, Halle, East Germany. (WFTU) 145-146 15-16 January 1958. WFDY Conference of European Children's Organizations, WFDY Headquarters, Budapest. (WFDY-IUS) 65 21-22 January 1958. Bureau of the Administrative Committee of the Trade Unions International of Transport, Port and Fishery Workers, Prague. (WFTU) 146-147 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 12-15 February 1958. WFDY Executive Committee Meeting, Budapest. (WFDY-IUS) 63-64 20-22 February 1958. Third Session of WIDF's Permanent International Committee of Mothers (PICM), Sofia. (WIDF) 13, 123 21 February 1958. Day of Solidarity with Youth and Students Fighting Against Colonialism. (WFDY-IUS) 83 February 1958. WFSW Council Meeting, Basel, Switzerland. (WFSW) 163 1 March 1958. Day for Banning Nuclear Weapons. (WPC) 25 8 March. International Women's Day. (WIDF) 126 21-28 March. WFDY World Youth Week. (IUS) 84 22-24 March 1958. World Peace Council Bureau Meeting, New Delhi. (WPC) 25-26 24-27 March 1958. Constitutive Meeting of the International Preparatory Committee (IPC) for the Seventh World Youth Festival, Stockholm. (WFDY-IUS) 80 198 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 30 March 1958. Day of Solidarity with Algeria. (AASC, WPC, WFDY, WFTU) 6, 26 30 March - 2 April 1958. 17th Session of the WFTU Executive Committee, Budapest. (WFTU) 15, 16, 17, 139-140 5-6 April 1958. Second Congress of the Gathering of Democratic Youth of Africa (RJDA), Senegal. (WFDY-IUS) 75 6-13 April 1958. Friendship Week of Soviet and Finnish Youth, Finland and the USSR. (WFDY-IUS) 83 14 April. International Day of Aid to Spanish Youth. (WFDY-IUS) 84 15-17 April 1958. Executive Committee of TUI of Agricultural and Forestry Workers, Prague. (WFTU) 150 24 April. World Youth Day of Anti-Colonialism and Peaceful Coexistence. (WFDY-IUS) 84 28 April 1958. Conference of African and Asian Youth, Cairo, (WFDY-IUS) 73 April 1958. International Club in Brussels. (WPC) 26-27 T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized -Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 April 1958. Second Conference of Atomic Scientists, Pugwash, Nova Scotia. (WFSW) 164 April 1958. IUS Conference of Student Sports Leaders, Sofia. (WFDY-IUS) 65 Spring, 1958. Circulation of the Linus Pauling Petition to the UN Against Atomic Tests. (WFSW) 163-164 3-8 May 1958. IADL Conference, Colombo, Ceylon. (IADL) 173-174 11-13 May 1958. International Conference of Reporters, Bucharest. (IOJ) 179 15-18 May 1958. Fourth Congress of the IOJ, Bucharest. (IOJ) 180 16-18 May 1958. Argentine Congress for International Cooperation, General Disarmament and National Sovereignty, Buenos Aires. (WPC) 27-30 31 May - 2 June 1958. WPC Session, Vienna. (WPC) 30-31 1 June. International Children's Day. (WIDF) 126 1-5 June 1958. Fourth World Congress of the WIDF, Vienna. (WIDF) 13, 123-124 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 4-6 June 1958. Administrative Committee of the TUI of Transport, Port and Fishery Workers, Moscow. (WFTU) 147-148 20-22 June 1958. European Trade Union and Workers Conference Against the Threat of Atomic War and for Peace, East Berlin. (WFTU) 15, 140-141 23-24 June 1958. IPC Meeting (for Seventh World Youth Festival), Vienna. (WFDY-IUS) 80 Spring-Summer 1958. Women's Caravan of Peace to Alert People About Atomic Dangers, from United Kingdom to USSR and possibly China. (WIDF, WPC) 30, 124-125 2-16 July 1958. WFDY International Seminar for Youth Sports Leaders, Neseber and Sofia. (WFDY-IUS) 65-66 5-13 July 1958. Week of The Baltic Sea of Peace. (WPC) 31 7-8 July 1958. The First Workers Conference of the Baltic Countries, Rostock. (WFTU) 15, 141-142 7-15 July 1958. International Colloquium on Private Inter- national Law, Mariansky-Lazny, Czechoslovakia. (IADL) 174 201 _-_--- T Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 14-20 July 1958. First World Trade Union Conference of Young Workers, Prague. (WFTU) 16-17, 18, 142-143 16-22 July 1958. World Conference for Disarmament and International Cooperation, Stockholm. (WPC) 5, 8, 25, 31-41 25-26 July 1958. TUI of Textile and Clothing Workers 3rd International Conference, Sofia. (WFTU) 148-149 27-28 July 1958. 3rd International Conference, TUI of Leather, Shoe, Fur and Leather Products Workers, Sofia. (WFTU) 149 27-28 July 1958. 18th (Extraordinary) Session of the Executive Committee of WFTU, Prague. (WFTU) 17, 143-144 27 July - 3 August 1958. WIDF Northern Study Week, Trans- berg, Gjovik, Norway. (WIDF) 125 28 July - 2 August 1958. Administrative Committee of the World Federation of Teachers Unions (FISE), a TUI of WFTU, Moscow. (WFTU) 150 30-31 July 1958. Formation of the TUI of Textile, Clothing, Leather and Fur Workers, Sofia. (WFTU) 149-150 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1-8 August 1958. International Seminar of Youth and Students on "The Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy and Youth", Moscow. (WFDY-IUS) 67 3-11 August 1958. WFDY International Seminar on Problems of the Professional Training of Youth, Prague. (WFDY-IUS) 66 4 August 1958. Italian Friendship Train left Venice. (WPC) 41-42 6 August 1958 Eighth Session of Executive Committee of All China Federation of Trade Unions, Peiping. (WFTU) 161 12-20 August 1958. Fourth Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, Tokyo. (WPC) 42-44 16-22 August 1958. International Conference on Social and Economic Problems of Students and Work of Student Organizations in This Field, Cracow, Poland. (WFDY-IUS) 67-68 20 August - 3 September 1958. Asian-African Film Festival, Tashkent. (AASC) 57 August 1958. Symposium on Student Activities for Peace, Tokyo. (AASC) 58 203 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 S - 4-13 September 1958. Fifth Congress of the IUS, Peking. (WFDY-IUS) 64 6-12 September 1958. Festival of African Youth, Bamako, French Sudan, F.W.A. (AASC and WFDY-IUS) 59, 75-76 12-13 September 1958. First Meeting of the International Committee For Solidarity With Algerian Workers, Cairo. (WFTU) 144 14-21 September 1958. World Conference of Scientists, Vienna and Kutzbuehel. (WFSW and WPC) 44, 164-166 18-20 September 1958. International Peace Conference, Oslo. (WPC) 44-45 21-25 September 1958. Third International Conference of the TUI of Metal and Engineering Industries, Prague. (WFTU) 150 September 1958. International Labor Conference in Support of Arab Liberation, Cairo. (AASC) 59 September 1958. Discussion Meeting on "Safety at Work", London. (IADL) 174 September 1958. Arab Popular Conference, place not designated. (AASC) 59 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 1-5 October 1958. Conference of Afro-Asian Writers, Tashkent. (AASC and WPC) 45, 57-58 16-19 October 1958. Second World Conference, TUI of Agricultural and Forestry Workers, Bucharest. (WFTU) 150-151. October 1958. International Preparatory Committee Meeting for the Afro-Asian Youth and Student Conference, Cairo. (AASC and also WFDY-IUS supported) 58, 73-74 Late October 1958. IUS International Meeting of Travel Experts, Warsaw. (WFDY-IUS) 66 10-17 November. International Students Week. (IUS) 84 November 1958. 19th Session of the WFTU Executive. Committee, Warsaw. (WFTU) 144 4-7 December 1958. Congress of the Peoples of Latin America, Buenos Aires. (WPC) 46 8-11 December 1958. Afro-Asian Economic Conference, Cairo. (AASC) 58 December 1958. All-African People's Conference, Accra. (AASC) 60 205 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 December 1958. Conference of the Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Council, Bangkok. (AASC, WPC) 46, 61 December 1958. IUS International Study Tour of Egyptian Ancient Historical Relics, Egypt. (WFDY- IUS) 76 Late 1958. Congress of European Intellectuals Against Atomic Armaments. (WPC) 46-47 2-15 February 1959. Afro-Asian Youth and Student Confer- ence, Cairo. (AASC and WFDY-IUS) 58, 74 26 July - 4 August 1959. Seventh World Youth Festival, Vienna. (WFDY-IUS) 76-80 October 1959. Third International Conference of TUI of Workers of Building, Wood and Building Materials Industries, Budapest. (WFTU) 151 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 INDEX OF PERSONS ABU-MUMUNI, 39 ADDUCCI, Giacomo, 154 AGBOTAN, Ambrose, 76 ALLARD, Baron, 26, 27 AMADOR Perez, Jose, 155 AN Gan, 183 ANDREEN, Andrea, 135, 136 ANTIKAINEN, E., 158 APOSTOL, Georghe, 154, 160 AVILA, Rafael, 147 BABAK, Sadek, 119 BADAWI, Ali, 177 BALSAMO, Vincenzo, 102 BANDARANAIKE, Solomon W. R. D. , 174 BARA, Lo Cheik, 98, 99, 100 BERE ZI N, V., 154 BERLINGUER, Mario, 177 BERNAL, John, 167 BERNINI, Bruno, 100 BERTRAND, Simone, 132 al-BI NDARI , Muhammad Kamil, 39 BLUME, Isabelle, 31, 32, 38, 53, 54 BOHM, Johan, 158 BONDARENKO, Vladimir Stepanovitch, 158 BONNEVIE, Carl, 44 BONSDORF, Prof. von, 52 BOYD-ORR, Lord, 33 BRANDENWEINER, Heinrich, 52 BRANTING, George, 33 BRAS, Marcel, 154 BUGROV, Evgenii, 117, 118 BYSTRICKY, Prof., 177 207 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 CHANDRA, Rornesh, 39 CHATTERJEE, Satish, 148 CHAUDHURI, Sudhanshu, 118 CHEN Yung-wen, 162 CHENG Chi-ming, 119 CHEREDNICHENKO, E. T. , 158 CHISHOLM, Brock, 163 COT, Pierre, 36 COTTON, Eugenie, 131, 136 DARWIN, Charles, 50 DAUMIER, Honore, 51 DENIS, Jacques, 100 DE SILVA, M.W.H. , 33, 174 DIOP, Youssof, 75 DOBRETSBERGER, Prof., 54 DOS SANTOS, Jocelyn, 179 DUNCAN-JONES, Vincent, 32, 52 DVORACEK, Z., 183 EATON, Cyrus, 164, 165 ECHARD, Christian, 100 ENDICOTT, James, 28, 32,138, 44, 52 FIBBI, Lina., 149 FLOREA, Vasile, 82 FONSECA Amador, Carlos, 155 FRIEDRICH, Walter, 39 FRONDIZI, Risieri, 27 GAAFAR, Mahmoud Babiker, 101 GARCIA Castro, Ruben, 156 GAUBERT, Marie-Ange, 127, 132 GIDARY, Ettayeb Abu, 119 GOMEZ, Orlando, 101 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R00Q900340003-2 GORSHKOV, V. I. , 195 GRISHIN, V. V., 18, 157, 158 GROTEWOHL, Otto, 185 GUZMAN, Rodolfo, 155 HERMANN, Jean-Maurice, 180, 182, 183 HIRANO Yoshitaro, 177 HO Hsi-chan, 101 HO Sy Ngoi, 148 HOFFMAN, Mickal see HOFMAN, Michal HOFMAN, Michal, 182 HUSSEIN, Ali, 119 IVANOV, E. V., 195 IVANOV, Vasily, 188 IVANOVA, Zoya, 132 IVASCU, Gheorghe, 179 JAF'AR, Mahmoud Babiker see GAAFAR, Mahmoud Babiker JOLIOT-CURIE, Frederic, 37, 38, 53, 163, 168-9 JONES, Vincent Duncan, 32 KABOUREK, J., 154 KAIROV, Ivan, 150 KALISHYAN, G.M., 195 KERILOVA, Maria, 149 KHRAISHI, Ibrahim, 98 KIRALY, Bela, 36 KHRUSHCHEV, Nikita, 26 KISLOVA, Lidya, 196 KITCHLEW, Saifuddin, 39 KNOBLOCH, Jaroslav, 183 KOPECKA, Maria, 132 KORNEICHUK, Aleksandr, 39 KOTENKO, Ilya, 179 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 KOVACS, Imre, 36 KOVACS, Istvan, 177 KRAMINOV, Daniil, 181, 183 KUAN Han Ching, 50 KUO Mo-jo, 8, 40 LAFITTE, Jean, 39, 52, 53 LAGERLOF, Selma, 51 LAMARCK, 50 LAMBERZ, Werner, 101 LANGE, Oscar, 37 LANGFANG, A.I., 183 LATIFI, Danial, 175 LEDUC, Renato, 183 LIPSKI, T., 183 LIU Ning-i, 161 LORINCZ, Tamas, 100 MAJUMDER, Sukhendu, 98, 99, 100, 119 MALENKOV, 37 MALVIYA, Narain, 32, 52 MASSIP, Antonio, 120 MATAMOROS Montoya, Marta, 156 MAURICE, Fernand, 149 MEVALD, Jaroslav, 149 MIHAL, Tchako, 149 MILTON, John, 51 MINELLA, Angiola, 132 MINEO, George, 149 MOHAMMED, Samir, 119 MOISESCU, Anton, 154 MONTERO, Alvaro, 155 MORA Valverde, Eduardo, 155 MORARU, Maria, 148 MUKAROVSKY, Jan, 39 MUMUNI, Abu see ABU-MUMUNI Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 NAGY, Ferenc, 33, 36, 45, 175 NEFEDOVA, Olympiadi, 148 NEHRU, Jawaharlal, 25 NEHRU, Rarreshwari, 25, 33 NICOLESCU, Prof., 154 NIEMOELLER, Martin, 33, 163 NOCE, Teresa, 149 NONEV, B. , 183 OBOROTOV, Alexei, 117 OGATA Kohran, 50 ONO Ic hir o, 120 PANIGRANI, Chintarnoni M., 101, 102 PAULING, Linus, 32, 48, 163, 169 PAYES, Alioune Badara, 75, 76 PELIKAN, Jiri, 119 PENA, Lazar o, 18 PEREZ, Jose AMADOR see AMADOR Perez, Jose PONCELET, Edgar, 102 PONOMAREV, Boris, 160 POPOVA, Nina, 193, 194, 195 POWELL, Cecil F., 164, 168, 169 PRAVIA Reyes, Tomas, 156 PROKSCH, Anton, 158 RABINOWITCH, Prof., 164 RAJAGOPALAC HARI, 39 RALEA, 154 RASHIDOV, Abd-al-Ghaffar, 57 ROTBLATH, Prof., 164 RUSSELL, Bertrand, 33, 46, 48, 163, 164, 165 RUSSELL, Dora, 135-6 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized -Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 SAADI, 50 SAILLANT, Louis, 17, 139, 152, 153, 154 SAIONJI, Prince Kinkazu, 43, 53 SAITO Eiko, 132 SALDUCCI, C., 154 SALGADO, Domingo see SANCHEZ Salgado, Domingo Antonio SANCHEZ Salgado, Domingo Antonio, 155 SARTRE, Jean Paul, 33, 46 SATO Shigeo, 43, 54 SCHAERF, Adolf, 164 SCHWEITZER, Albert, 48 SEDLAKOVA, Maria, 179 SHEVCHENKO, A., 157 SHIELDS, Stuart, 177 SHUKLIN, Andrei Benediktovitch, 158 al-SIBAI, Yusuf, 57 SIZOV, Evgeni Alekseevitch, 158 SIZOV, N. T., 1.95 SKOBELTZYN, Prof., 164 SOLOVIEV, Leonid, 157, 158 SOROKIN, Valentin, 52, 54 SPANO, V e lio, 39 SUGIRI, M. , 15 SURADI, Suharti Bintang, 133 TARGETTI, Ferdinando, 39 TANAKA Yuzo, 120 TENG To, 183 THIRRING, Prof., 30 THOMAS, Norman, 163 TIN Bin-gu, 183 TORRICELLI, Evangelista, 51 TU Tsun-hun, 162 TUNG Hsin, 159,162 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 URIZ, Elisa, 132 VANHAUTE, Georges, 154 VARELA, Alfredo, 28, 53 VASEV, Giorgi, 82 VDOVIN, Valentin, 101 VIANU, Tudor, 154 VICENTINI, Luisa Gambetta, 132 VIGNE, Fernand, 32, 39, 44, 52, 53 VILLARD, 35 VIZZHILIN, N. A., 195 WANG Jung, 162 WEISER, Josef, 188 WEN Chi-tse, 188 WOOSTER, William, 168 YANG Shou, 57 YU Yong-pyo, 188 ZALAMEA, Jorge, 32, 53, 54 ZAMORA Suazo, Roberto Nicholas, 155 ZANTI, Carmen, 14, 127, 131, 132 ZIERIS, K., 183 c z- Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 MISSING PAGE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT MISSING PAGE(S): Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Afghanistan, 45 Albania, 102, 168, 170, 195 Algeria, 5, 16, 26, 36, 45, 84, 109, 110, 1-15, IZO, 121, 126, 128, 140, 141, 144 Argentina, 27-30, 38, 46, 53, 78, 83, 103, 133, 135, 181 Australia, 17, 45, 78, 104, 124, 135, 156 Austria, 9, 12, 13, 26, 30, 34, 39, 41, 43, 44, 52, 53, 54, 55, 76-80, 103, 105-6, 122, 123, 127, 131-132, 137, 153, 158, 164-6, 167, 185, 186 Belgium, 26, 48, 53, 81, 82, 102, 103, 124, 174, 175, 195 Bolivia, 114 Brazil, 38, 78, 83, 101, 114, 179, 180 Bulgaria, 47, 65, 68, 69, 82, 123, 127, 135, 148, 149, 153, 170, 171, 181, 183; 188, 195 Burma, 38, 45, 122, 174 Cameroons, 45, 60, 127 128 Canada, 32, 78, 85, 99, 103, 124, 135 Ceylon, 15, 17, 34, 38, 45, 51, 53, 78, 121, 124, 133, 137, 156, 173-4, 182 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Chad, 103, 109 Chile, 83, 101, 132, 181 China (Communist), 12, 40, 42, 43, 45, 50, 53, 58, 60, 64, 68, 72, 78, 85, 101, 102, 104, 110-111, 112-113, 117, 124, 127, 130, 159, 161-162, 168, 170, 174, 175, 183, 188, 191, 193 Colombia, 8, 53, 119 Costa Rica, 124, 155-156 Cuba, 120, 132 Cyprus, 36, 103, 109, 110, 115, 140, 141 Czechoslovakia, 16, 18, 38, 39, 40, 41, 66, 69, 78, 102, 107, 112, 117, 122, 124, 132, 142, 143 , 146, 149, 150,'153, Czechoslovakia (cont. ), 168, 170-172, 174, 177, 179, 183, 185, 186, 188, 193 Dahomey, 75, 76, 103 Denmark, 31, 36, 49, 103, 124 Ecuador, 109, 114, 121, 138 Egypt, 5, 11, 14, 18, 20, 45, 46, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 73, 74, 76, 85, 99, 105, 119, 121, 127, 133, 135, 144, 157, 159, 170, 177, 188, 191 El Salvador, 124 Eritrea, 73 Ethiopia, 110, 128 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP78-00915R000900340003-2 Finland, 18, 22, 5 3 , 82, 83, 87, 102, 122, 157, 158, 166, 167, 168, 180, 187, 189, 193 France, 18, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54, 78, 80