CHINESE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND CONTACTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-00915R000800120001-9
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 145
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 31, 1998
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: January 1, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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CHINESE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL
ACTIVITIES AND CONTACTS
January 1958
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FOR OF- -w-- w5mEm""m
CHINESE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL
ACTIVITIES AND CONTACTS
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CHINESE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND CONTACTS
Page
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
PART I DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
PART II OFFICIAL TRADE REPRESENTATION ABROAD . . . . . . . . . 7
Commercial Representatives with Diplomatic
Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Trade Agencies and Trade Representatives . . . . . . 10
Ministry of Foreign Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
China National Corporations . . . . . . . . . . 12
China Resources Company (Hua Jun Company)
(CREC), Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
China Committee for the Promotion of
International Trade (CCPIT). . . . . . . . . . . . 16
PART III OTHER OFFICIAL REPRESENTATION ABROAD . . . . . . . . . 17
Bank of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Other Chinese Communist Banks Outside China . . . . 21
New China News Agency (Hsin Hua News Agency)
(NCNA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
China Travel Service (CTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Min An Insurance Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
China Insurance Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Civil Aviation Bureau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
PART IV CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTICIPATION IN WORLD
COMMUNIST ORGANIZATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
General ? , 33
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU). . . . . . . 34
Asian-Australasian Liaison Bureau of WFTU ? . . 35
Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF) . 35
World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY). . . . . 36
International Union of Students (IUS) ? . . . 37
International Organization of Journalists(IOJ) . . 38
International Broadcasting Organization (OIR). . . . 39
World Federation of Scientific Workers (WFSW) . . . 39
World Congress of Doctors (WCD). . . . . . . . . . . 40
International Association of Democratic Lawyers
(IADL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
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World Peace Council (WPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
International Institute for Peace (IIP) . . . . . . . 45
Asian and Pacific Peace Liaison Committee (APPLC) . . 45
International Committee for Promotion of Trade6
(ICPT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PART V COMMUNIST CHINA'S CULTURAL OFFENSIVE ANDS
FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chinese People's Association for Cultural
Relations with Foreign Countries (ACRFC) . . . . . 49
China Friendship Associations in Non-Communist 51
Countries ? . . . . . . . .
The ACRFC and its Relations with the Friendship 52
Associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use of Friendship Associations for Propaganda 54
Purposes . . . . . . . ? . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual China Friendship Associations . . . . . . 55
Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Burma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6o
Ceylon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Denmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6L-
Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Iceland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Luxembourg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Malaya-Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Nepal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Pakistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Syria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
West Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86a
PART VI DELEGATIONS TO AND FROM NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES . . . 87
Trade Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Journalists and Writers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
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Scientists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9TT
Medical and Health Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Jurists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Peace Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Religious Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Parliamentary Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Cultural Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Miscellaneous Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
APPENDIX A ABBREVIATIONS FOR ORGANIZATION TITLES . . . . . . . 105
APPENDIX B ALPHABETIZED LIST OF CHINESE NAMES . . . . . . . . . 107
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Communist China's international relations reach well beyond its
official representation abroad, and numerous devices have been utilized
to extend these relations. In addition to diplomatic representation ex-
changed with 11 Sino-Soviet bloc nations, official recognition exists
as of the date of this compilation with Yugoslavia and 17 other nations.
Israel announced recognition of Communist China in January 1950, but
Communist China has never reciprocated. In addition, trade delegations
have been established on a permanent basis in at least 9 of these 30
countries. Trade and cultural agreements have been entered into with
all the Sino-Soviet bloc nations and with at least 10 of the other na-
tions with which official representation has been established, most of
these on a government-to-government basis.
This compilation indicates in Part I the location of Chinese Com-
munist diplomatic representations and the names of ambassadors, ministers,
and consuls, as appropriate. It also names the cultural attaches or
counsellors whose dual tasks seem to be the development of Chinese Com-
munist influence in and control over the overseas Chinese communities,
and the expansion of cultural exchanges between their country of assign-
ment and Communist China.
Part II lists the commercial attaches and counsellors at the various
diplomatic installations who, along with the official permanent trade
representatives, seek to expand trade between Communist China and the
areas in which they are assigned. Key figures in the Ministry of Foreign
Trade of the Chinese (Communist) People's Government, and in the national
corporations, the China National Import and Export Corporation, and China
Resources Company are also named. Officials of the China Committee for
Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) are also included since this
committee is an official front organization which sponsors trade delega-
tion exchanges with non-Communist countries.
Other official organs of the Chinese Communist government which
extend into areas outside the mainland and play a part in that government's
international relations, which are covered under Part III, are: The Bank
of China and other Chinese Communist-controlled banks, the China Travel
Service, the New China News Agency, the China Insurance Company, the Min
An Insurance Company, and the international operations of the Civil Avia-
tion Administration, all under control from Peking.
Participation in the many international Communist front organiza-
tions is covered in Part IV which lists those known to be active in this
regard and through such activities to be in cofitact with representatives
of Communist parties throughout the world.
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A separate portion, Part V, of this study is concerned with the
Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign Coun-
tries (AcRFc) and the cultural offensive it has conducted, particularly
in concert with the China friendship associations internal to Communist
China and those in other nations.
The final section, Part VI, is devoted to a summary report on the
interchange of delegations with non-Communist countries, with particular
emphasis on the travel of Communist Chinese delegations to these coun-
tries in 1955 and 1956.
It is to be emphasized that this compilation covers the highlights
of Communist China's relations with foreign countries and the more im-
portant representatives in and to these countries acting officially for
the CPG, CCP, or organs under their direction and control. These offi-
cial representatives in many cases are stationed outside China but are
not to be considered among that body of persons generally referred to as
"Overseas Chinese." Strenuous efforts have been made since 19+9 by the
Chinese Communists to gain influence and control over the some 1+,900,000
Chinese residing outside the China mainland. One of the principal ef-
forts of some of the official representatives in foreign countries, par-
ticularly the diplomatic installations and their cultural counsellors and
attaches, is directed at winning the loyalty to Communist China of these
Chinese overseas, maintaining a flow of remittances from them to the
China mainland, and fostering the return to Communist China of foreign-
trained Chinese technicians who are so badly needed in that country. The
subject of the Chinese overseas is a separate one and is not dealt with
as such in this compilation.
At the end of the text of this compilation will be found:
a. Appendix A, a listing of the abbreviations used in the
text and the organizations for which they are adopted.
b. Appendix B, an alphabetical tabulation of Chinese named
(non-Chinese are not included).
The alphabetical tabulation is not to be considered as providing
full biographical data on the persons named. For the most part it in-
dicates only their connections in a leadership capacity with the or-
ganizations and activities with which this compilation is concerned.
In a few instances the connections of individuals with Chinese Commu-
nist Party or Chinese People's Government organs have been included.
Members of the executive or central committees of the various non-Com-
munist political parties, All China federations, and domestic front or-
ganizations appear only when such membership occurs incidental to list-
ing of the names, for other reasons, within the scope of this paper.
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Use of the alphabetical tabulation in conjunction with the list of
abbreviated organizational titles will facilitate its usefulness. For
example, the list of abbreviations (Appendix A) shows WPC as the code
used for the World Peace Council, whose Chinese Communist leaders are
named on page 42 of Part IV. Reference to this page shows the name KUO
Mo-jo. In the alphabetical listing (Appendix B) his connections with
other organizations, particularly those covered in the text, will be
noted. Although some of the organizations coded after KU0's name are
not covered in this compilation (CPC - China Peace Committee; ACFSS -
All China Federation of Scientific Societies), the identity of these
organizations may be determined from Appendix A, the list of abbrevia-
tions, and the scope of KU0's participation in non-CCP, non-government
activities will be indicated. It should be understood that the organiza-
tions shown after each name represent only those more important ones
with which the individual is known to be associated.
Reference to the Table of Contents, Part VI, will indicate that
delegations to and from non-Communist countries have been broken down
into 14 basic categories. In Appendix B, the alphabetized list of
names, it will be noted, for example, that the data on LIU Ning-i in-
cludes a reference "see Part VI, Trade Unions and Peace Groups." This
indicates that LIU Ning-i is named in these two sections of Part VI.
It should be clearly understood that Part VI does not include all dele-
gations to and from non-Communist countries but only represents a small
cross section of the total number of persons travelling to and from
these countries since 1 January 1955. The Chinese Communist press claimed
that in this two-year period more than 11,000 persons travelled from
Communist China to 49 non-Communist nations, while more than 10,000 per-
sons from 75 non-Communist countries visited Communist China in delega-
tions or as individuals. Those delegations listed in Part VI, therefore,
are only a small sampling of the total exchanges of delegations.
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Listed below are the countries with which Communist China has diplo-
matic relations, including the consulates in these countries, together
with the names of its ambassadors, consuls, and cultural attaches or
counsellors.
Cultural attaches are included in the list since they appear to be
principally responsible for stimulating cultural exchanges between Com-
munist China and countries in areas where they are located. The cultural
attaches also appear to be responsible for maintaining contact with the
Chinese communities overseas and the formation and activities of the China
friendship associations.
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Since the very nature of its operations and functions call for the
Ministry of Foreign Trade to maintain frequent contact with areas outside
of Communist China through permanent representatives in both Sino-Soviet
Bloc countries and non-Communist nations, a brief resume of the Ministry
and the organization built to foster and conduct foreign trade follows.
Because the foreign trade of Communist China is a state-controlled
monopoly, those traveling outside the China mainland for that purpose,
those serving as commercial or trade counsellors of diplomatic installa-
tions abroad, and those who are part of established trade representatives'
offices, are acting officially for the Chinese Communist Government. A
large number of the trade representatives of the CPG who are stationed
abroad or travel outside Communist China have been identified in this
section and in Part VI.
It appears that, in general, transfer of funds and credits with Sino-
Soviet Bloc nations in connection with their trade relations is handled
direct from Peking through the People's Bank of China, while funding of
trade with Southeast Asia and non-Communist countries is effected at least
in part through the branches of the Bank of China outside of Communist
China, particularly the branches in Hong Kong and London. The Bank of
China's activities abroad are covered in Part III of this paper.
Channels for trade relations are available through trade and commer-
cial counsellors of Chinese Communist diplomatic installations and through
permanent trade representatives who have set up offices in a number of
non-Communist countries including East Germany, Italy, Egypt, India, Leb-
anon, and Syria. Virtually all the trade between Communist China and the
Sino-Soviet Bloc countries is carried out on a government-to-government
basis, under annual trade agreements negotiated by the Ministers of Foreign
Trade of the respective countries.
In addition, trade agreements have been negotiated with some of the
non-Communist countries with which Communist China maintains diplomatic
relations. Among those with which such trade treaties have been arranged
are: the USSR, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Albania, Yugoslavia,
Burma, North Korea, Mongolian People's Republic, India, Pakistan, Afghan-
istan, Indonesia, Ceylon, Cambodia, Egypt, and Syria. The Chinese Commu-
nists send observers to the meetings of the Soviet Bloc Council of Eco-
nomic Mutual Assistance (CEMA).
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Only the highlights of the Chinese Communist trade activities abroad
are included in this section, and, although many other persons connected
with each installation or organization are known, for example the large
trade missions in Egypt, East Germany, Cambodia and elsewhere, only the
leading personalities are named in this compilation.
BULGARIA
LI Ts'ang, Commercial Attache
LIU Fang-ku, Commercial Attache
SUNG I-feng, Commercial Attache
CH'EN Ch'un-ming, Assistant Commercial Attache'
WANG Lu-chih, Commercial Counsellor
SUN Chi-yu, Assistant Trade Attache
KAO Shih-jung, Commercial Counsellor
SUNG Shih, Trade Commissioner
TSO Po-wen, Assistant Trade Commissioner
DENMARK LIU Chi-tsai, Commercial Attache'
DRV (VIET MINE) YEN Ching-hao, Commercial Counsellor
FONG Tien Tcheng (FANG T'ien-cc'eng),
Commercial Attache'
OU King Tchan, Commercial Attache
CHE Tai, Commercial Attache
WANG Jun-sheng, Commercial Counsellor
CHANG Kuang-tou, Commercial Counsellor
CHAO Wei-chang, Commercial Counsellor
CHANG Fang, Commercial Attache
CHIN Lien-san, Commercial Attache
LI K'o-fu, Commercial Counsellor
MO Ch'eng-kuei, Commercial Counsellor
WANG Han-min, Commercial Counsellor
tj .41
TU Yu-yun, Commercial Counsellor
PO Yi, Commercial Counsellor (aka PU I and WANG
Kai-i)
WANG Chao-hsun, staff member of commercial
agency, New Delhi
TU Tzu-i, Commercial Counsellor
-8-
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MONGOLIA
NEPAL
NETHERLANDS
NORTH KOREA
NORWAY
PAKISTAN
RUMANIA
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND
YANG Lin (YANG Ling) (YANG Liu), Commercial
Counsellor
HUANG Wei-min, Commercial Attache
SHIH Sheng, Commercial Counsellor
TU Yu-yun, Commercial Counsellor
LU Lung, Commercial Counsellor
HSIEH Chun-pu, Commercial Counsellor
LIU Chang-heng, Commercial Attache'
KAO Shang-neng, Commercial Counsellor
LIU Pao-kang, Commercial Attache
LIU Jo-ming, Commercial Counsellor
KANG Hai-pan (KANG Hsi-fan), Commercial Attache
CHIN Hsu, Commercial Counsellor
TANG Chun-min, Commercial Counsellor
WU Chen, Commercial Counsellor
CHANG Yin-hsiao (y.S. CHANG), Commercial Attache
KAO Shang-lin, Commercial Attache'
CHANG Hua-tseng, Commercial Representative
SHIH Ku, Assistant Commercial Representative
LIU Fang, Commercial Counsellor
MING Ko, Commercial Counsellor
I Ch'en-yang, Trade Counsellor
LI Ch'iang, Trade Counsellor
HSU Ta-shen, Trade Counsellor
HSIEH Shou-t'ien, Commercial Counsellor
TSAO Tung, Assistant Commercial Attache
TS'UI Chun, Commercial Counsellor
W.C. CHANG, Assistant Commercial Counsellor
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CAMBODIA
DRV (VIET MINH)
EAST GERMANY
EGYPT
SUN Ta-chien (SUNG I-kung)--Representative of
China National Sundries Export Corporation
in Rangoon.
YEH Ching-hao--Head of economic delegation; for-
mer Commercial Counsellor in North Vietnam.
TS'AO Kuei-sheng--Deputy head of economic dele-
gation.
WANG Chiu-ching--Head of industrial/agricultural
exhibit, Hanoi, DRV. Also organized Chinese
Communist participation in economic exhibi-
tion in Rangoon, Burma, March 1957.
CHIN Chao-hsien--Represented CNIEC in East Ber-
lin up to late 1956, when office was closed.
TING K'o-chien--Represented CNIEC in East Ber-
lin up to late 1956, when office was closed.
LI Ying-chi--Chief of permanent trade delegation,
Cairo; formerly Vice Manager of CNIEC; member
of trade missions to Britain, in September
1954, and to Finland, in 1955. Believed to
have joined diplomatic mission.
CHANG Yueh--Deputy commercial representative.
CHI Chung-ch'en--Head of Chinese trade agency
in Calcutta. Other members of the trade
agency are: CH'EN K'o-ch'ang, YANG Po, YEH
Chung-ch'i, and YU Hung-te.
LI Cllih-kan (LI Chin-feng, LI Tze-kai)--Formerly
deputy trade agent at Kalimpong (on Nepal
border). Responsible for Chinese Communist
trade activities in India.
INDONESIA T'ANG Wei-chung--CNIEC representative in Djakarta.
ITALY
LEBANON
A trade office was reported to have been estab-
lished in Rome.
WANG Lei-wang--Opened commercial representative
office, Beirut, September 1956.
TAI P'ei-ch'en--Deputy to WANG.
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There is a permanent Chinese Products Exhibit
in the Bank of China at Singapore.
HSU Tan-shu (T.S. HSU)--Reported to represent
China National Metals Import Corporation in
Bern; was formerly with CNIEC in East Berlin.
The former CNIEC branch in East Berlin was
closed in late 1956.
The Ministry of Foreign Trade is one of 39 ministries and commissions
under the State Council of the Chinese People's Government (CPG). YEH
Chi-chuang is Minister. There are 8 Vice Ministers and 4 Assistants to
the Minister. Under the Ministry there are at least 14 bureaus .and de-
partments including a Bureau of Import, Bureau of Export, and a Protocol
Department. Under the direction of the Ministry of Foreign Trade there
are a number of "national" (state-owned) import and export corporations
broken down by general types of raw materials and commodities imported
and exported by Communist China. The principal national corporations,
head offices of which in each instance are in Peking with branches of
most of them in Shanghai, Tientsin, Tsingtao, and Canton, are included
herein along with their key officials.
As is the case in all Communist-controlled countries, the bulk of the
foreign trade of Communist China is centrally controlled by government
organs, and major transactions with customers and suppliers are handled
through government channels.
Radio Peking claimed that by the end of 1956 Communist China had es-
tablished trade relations with 68 countries and had concluded trade agree-
ments with the governments of 21 nations other than those of the Sino-
Soviet Bloc.
Key persons in the Ministry of Foreign Trade include:
Minister
Vice Ministers
YEH Chi-chuang
LEI Che-jen
LEI Jen-min
HSU Hsueh-han
K'UNG Yuan
HSIEH Hsueh-kung
LI Ch'iang
LU Hsu-chang
FAN Tzu-wen
LIN Hai-yun
CHIANG Ming
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Assistants to Minister PAI Shang-yin
YANG Hao-lu
FU Sheng-lin
Bureau of Import, Director CHANG Hua-tung
Deputy SUN Shun
Protocol Department, Chief YANG Mien
Deputies WEI Meng-ling
T'IEN Sui-hsiang
Director, Shanghai Office CH'I Wei-li
CHINA NATIONAL CORPORATIONS
An office of the China National Import and Export Corporation (CNIEC)
was established in East Berlin several years ago to deal with non-Commu-
nist countries in Europe prior to inauguration of exchanges of trade dele-
gations. CNIEC acted as sole importer of goods from these countries. The
Berlin office was reported by the East German press to have closed on 14
October 1956. It was to be reopened in Bern, Switzerland; it is possible
this office may have been discontinued, or the commercial counsellor of
the embassy in Bern may have assumed the responsibility for purchasing in
Europe. Transactions are now often handled by trade delegations directly
representing the various national corporations. This may result in a
change in the over-all role of the CNIEC.
China National Import and Export Corporation (CNIEC):
Director
LU Hsu-chang
Acting Director
TS'AO Chung-shu
Assistant Directors
NI Wei-ting (NI Tu-ting)
SHIN Chih-ang
Chief, Export Department
YAO Nai-an
Secretary-General Export
Department
CHANG Ping-tse(f)
China National Cereals, Oils, and Fats Export Corporation:
Director LI Fan-ju
Deputy Directors LIU Kuang-han
LI Ming
China National Native Products Export Corporation:
Director ' YU Kang
China National Animal By-products Export Corporation:
Director K.Y. KOO (KU)
-12-
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China National Tea Export Corporation:
Director SU Han-chih
Deputy Director YU Li-kuang
China National Foodstuffs Export Corporation:
Director YU P'ing
Deputy Director WANG Shao-peng
China National Sundries Export Corporation:
Director SUN Li-chi
Deputy Directors MA I-min
WANG Yao-yang
China National Minerals Corporation:
Director SHANG Kuang-wen (SHAN Kuan-wen, KAO
Kuang-wen)
China National Silk Corporation:
Director CH'EN Ch'eng chung (CH'EN Chang-
chung)
China National Instruments Import Corporation:
Director T'IEN Li-ch'un (TIEN Li-chuan)
Secretary General C.T.TENG
Representatives in Bern,
Switzerland CHANG Chi-chan--Manager
WANG Chung-yuan--Vice Manager
China National Metals Import Corporation:
Director
Representative in Bern,
Switzerland
China National Technical Import Corporation:
Director CHAO Chi-chang
China National Transport Machinery Import Corporation:
Director CHANG Kuang-tan
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China National Machinery Import Corporation:
Director LI Meng-huo
Vice Manager YU K'o-ch'ien (YU Ke-chien)
China National Chartering and Shipbroking Corporation (Sinofracht):
Director LIU Chin-sheng
China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation (Sinotrans):
Director
CHINA RESOURCES COMPANY (HUA JUN COMPANY) (CREC), HONG KONG
A substantial portion of the sale and purchase of commodities of and
for Communist China is handled through the China Resources Company (CREC).
Located in Hong Kong, this is an official CPG organization, and a part of
the national corporation structure under direction of the Ministry of
Foreign Trade. The CREC's principal activities have been in trade with
Southeast Asia, but it has also consummated transactions with private
business firms in the Near East, Europe, Japan, and Africa, and has at
least conducted negotiations with firms in the Western Hemisphere. As
originally set up, the CREC activities seemed to have been controlled by
the Ministry of Foreign Trade through the China National Import and Export
Corporation, acting on behalf of the various other national corporations.
Now that the national corporations have been sending their representatives
to non-Communist countries to deal directly with private suppliers and
buyers, the role of the CREC seems to have been somewhat reduced. There
are, of course, numerous private firms in Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore,
and throughout Southeast Asia, which are owned by Chinese Communists or
sympathizers, and these have been favored in dealing with the China Re-
sources Company. No attempt will be made to enumerate these private
firms, many of which have close connections with the Bank of China branches
in their areas, or with the trade and commercial counsellors of the Chinese
,Communist diplomatic installations. Representatives of CREC have made
trips to Europe, Latin America, and the Near East.
CREC, through the foreign trade organizations, apparently also assists
persons from non-Communist countries to obtain permits for travel to the
China mainland, and deals with the Hong Kong authorities in obtaining per-
mits to export various goods to Communist China.
From what is known of the CREC's activities, it appears to act as
agent for certain products of the several national corporations in Com-
munist China. Acting as principals, the national corporations deal through
agents other than CREC for certain products. While agents other than CREC
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handle certain products in Hong Kong and the Southeast Asia market, the
agency for the same products in other areas may be the CREC. Agency ar-
rangements seem to be made directly between the national corporations and
firms in Singapore, Malaya, Bangkok, and other places in Southeast Asia,
without going through the CREC.
The more important officials of CREC are:
CHANG Huan-sen (H.V. CHANG,
CHANG Ping)
Assistant General Managers P'U Lia.ng-ch'ou (L.C. PU)
CHAO Ching-san (C.S. CHAO)
YU Tun-hua (T.H. YU)
Import Department:
Acting Manager
Assistant Managers
Secretary for General
Affairs
Assistant Secretary for
General Affairs
HSU P'eng-fei (B.F. HSU)
TUNG Chi-shu (C.S. TUNG, TUNG Kei-
shu, FONG Chung)
TUNG Heng-t'ao
LI Jui-wen (S.M. LEE)
LIN Ch'ing-ch'eng (C.Z. LIN)
Export Department:
Manager
Assistant Managers
Industrial Products Department:
Manager
Shipping Department:
Manager
Investigation and Information
Department:
Manager
Assistant Manager
CH'AO Yung-sen (W.S. CHAU)
CH'EN Wen-k'uei (V.K. CHEN)
HO P'ing (aka HO Chia-lin)
YU Ho-sen (H.S. YU)
YANG Wen-yen (M.Y. YANG)
MAI Jih-p'ing (N..P. MAK)
CH'EN Chia-hsi, secretary in the Shipping Department, accompanied
CHANG Huan-wen on European and Southeast Asian tours as CREC secretary;
probably is with China National Sundries Export Corporation; connected
with Far East Enterprising Company of Hong Kong.
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CHINA COMMITTEE FOR THE PROMOTION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE (CCPIT)
The China Committee for the Promotion of International Trade is a
front organ employed to invite non-Communist businessmen to the mainland
and to organize trade delegations and representations for international
fairs and exhibits in non-Communist countries. This "unofficial" organ
is described in one Chinese Communist publication as the "agency of the
China national corporations in Hong Kong" and has sent representatives
abroad to Europe and Latin America. The CCPIT and its representatives
appear to act to stimulate and encourage trade, but actual transactions
usually are consummated by officials of the CPG either subsequent to CCPIT
preparations or as members of the CCPIT-sponsored delegations. As in the
case of other Chinese Communist delegations, those sponsored by the CCPIT
have been known to provide a vehicle for political and propaganda activi-
ties in the countries visited.
Trade delegations from non-Communist countries are almost always
handled under the sponsorship of the CCPIT jointly with the All China
Federation of Industry and Commerce Associations, and include tending to
itineraries, planning meetings, visiting factories, and other points of
interest; arranging talks with government officials, as appropriate; and
providing entertainment and gifts. Upon completion of their visits trade
delegations frequently issue joint declarations with the CCPIT calling
for further exchange of delegations, widening of trade between the two
countries, and propounding the propaganda line concerning the growth of
Communist China's industry and resources.
Officials of the CCPIT are:
Chairman NAN Han-ch'en
Vice Chairmen CHI Chao-ting
LI Chu-ch'en
LEI Jen-min
Secretary General CHI Chao-ting (concurrent)
Deputy Secretaries General HSIAO Fang-chou
SHU Tzu-ch'ing
WEN Shih-chen
YU K'o-ch'ien
Special Commissioner YANG Yi-chih
Chief of Liaison Department HSIEH Hsiao-nai
Members of the Central Committee of the CCPIT are:
CHANG Nai-ch'i HSUEH Mu-ch'iao MA Yin-ch'u
CH'EN Han-sheng LEI Jen-min MENG Yung-ch'ien
CH'EN Wei-chi LI Chu-ch'en NAN Han-ch'en
CHI Chao-ting LIU Ning-i SHENG P'ei-hua
CHOU Jung-hsin LIU Tzu-chiu WU Yun-ch'u
HSU Ti-hsin LU Hsu-chang YANG Hao-lu
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The term "official" as used in regard to the Bank of China, New
China News Agency, and Civil Aviation Bureau can be interpreted literally
in the sense that these organizations are special agencies under the CPG
State Council. The close affiliation of the Bank of Communications, other
banks in Hong Kong named herein, the China Insurance Company, Min An In-
surance Company, and China Travel Service, with the Bank of China, and the
fact that the head offices of these concerns are in Communist China, lead
to the logical assumption that, although they ostensibly are private busi-
ness firms, their activities conform to Chinese Communist direction and
policy, and can thus be said for all intents and purposes to be official.
In addition to the organizations covered in this section, there is a
still larger group of Chinese Communist state-owned or semi-state-owned
business firms acting as official agencies on behalf of the Chinese Com-
munist government within their several spheres of activity. Examples of
such enterprises in Hong Kong are the Andar Corporation, the China Mer-
chants Steam Navigation Company and the Apollo Bookshop and Publishing
Company. There are, in addition, many ostensibly privately-owned, small
business firms in Hong Kong, Macao, and throughout Southeast Asia owned
by Chinese who do business with Communist China, and whose facilities are
available not only for legitimate business transactions but also are used
for political propaganda and other activities.
The purpose of this compilation is to illustrate the breadth of of-
ficial Chinese Communist contacts with non-Communist as well as Communist
nations and not to explore each organization in depth. Thus only the
highlights of the activities of each organization are included and, even
though many other persons connected with each organization are known, only
the leaders, where identified, are shown.
This is the chief overseas organ of the People's Bank of China, which
is one of the agencies under the State Council. It comes under the gen-
eral cognizance of the Ministry of Finance of the government, and the
Fifth Staff Office (Finance and Trade) of the State Council. LI Hsien-
nien concurrently holds the office of Minister of Finance and director of
the Fifth Staff Office of the State Council. TSOU Chu-ju is president of
the People's Bank of China; the general manager is KUNG Yin-ping. Under
the People's Bank of China there is a Foreign Operations Administration
of which CH'IAO P'ei-hsin is director and CHIN Yen is deputy. CH'IAO
P'ei-hsin is general manager of the Bank of China. CHI Ch'ao-ting has
been referred to as assistant general manager of the Bank of China and is
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a member of the CCPIT. NAN Han-ch'en is"chairman of the board. HSIANG
K'o-fang is superintendent of foreign branches. CHAN Wu is also an as-
sistant manager of the Bank of China in Peking.
There are branches of the Chinese Communist Bank of China in London,
Hong Kong, Karachi, Rangoon, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Chittagong,
Calcutta, Bombay, Djakarta, Medan, and Surabaya.
Branches of the Chinese Nationalist Bank of China are located in the
Philippines, Thailand, Australia, Cuba, and in several other areas which
maintain relations with Nationalist China and are not to be confused with
the Chinese Communist-controlled banks. In Hong Kong and Macao there are
a number of banks controlled by the Chinese Communists which appear to be
under some form of joint administration under the overall direction of
personnel assigned to Hong Kong by the Chinese Communists and attached to
the Bank of China branch in that city.
In addition to maintaining close relations with and handling funds
for the Chinese Communist diplomatic installations wherever they are es-
tablished, the Communist Bank of China branches handle remittances from
Chinese overseas being sent to the China mainland, and provide foreign
exchange and finance foreign trade transactions, as well as making loans
to local Chinese business firms. All banking business with most areas
other than Southeast Asia is probably supervised through the branch in
Hong Kong. The branch in Singapore appears to handle matters concern-
ing Singapore, Malaya, Indonesia, India, Pakistan, and elsewhere in
Southeast Asia, and to have over-all supervision over other branches
of the Bank of China in these areas. Where no diplomatic installations
exist, the Bank of China branches appear to look after the interests
of the Chinese Communist government in general. The Economic Research
Departments of the various branches probably are concerned with the
collection and transmittal to Peking of overt economic information, as-
sisting in promotion of foreign trade and conducting trade exhibits.
Certain branches of the Communist Bank of China also arrange for the
travel of Overseas Chinese to China, organize trade and other delega-
tions going to China, and handle arrangements for shipments of goods.
Key officials of the Chinese Communist Bank of China branches include:
Manager LIU Fu-ching (LOU Fu-ching)
Sub-manager KU Hsien-cheng (KOO Hian Seng)
Special Commissioner for
People's Bank of China SHEN Chi
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Superintendent of Chinese
Communist banks in
Hong Kong
Assistant to WANG Shou-
m in
Manager
Sub-managers
Assistant Managers
KARACHI:
CH'EN Po-liu
CHENG T'ieh-ju (Shou J. CHEN,
CHENG Tit-yu)
HUANG Hsien-ju (H.J. HUANG)
CHUANG Shih-p'ing (S.P. CHUANG)
FANG Shan-kuei (S.K. FONG)
CHANG Wen-chung (CHANG Chi)
HSIEH Ch'i-chu
SHEN Yung
HSIA Ts'ung-lung (C.L. HSIA)
HUANG Hsi-p'ing
SUNG Ta-sheng
TENG Ch'i-huan
TU Chin-pang (TU Pang-chin)
Superintendent
Manager
Vice Managers
Secretary
RANGOON:
Superintendent
Manager
Manager, Latter St. Sub-
Branch
SINGAPORE:
Manager
Sub-manager
SHEN Chien-chang
SUN Kuei-lin (SUN Kwei-ling)
SHIH Liang-shu (L.S. SZE, SZE
Liang-shu)
SHEN Jen-chang
WANG Wei (Mme. SHEN Jen-chang)
CHANG Kuang-chun
HU Yu-fang (Y.F. HU, Y.F. WU,
York-f ong HU )
HSU Pei-ming (P.M. SHU, PAI Ming-
shui)
WU Hung-nien (H.N. WU, HONE Nien-
wu)
ASIA Ch'eng-chih (Shia Sheng-
chi)
LU Shou-ch'eng (S.C. LU, LOO Shou
Tseng, LOO Shou-wei)
CHANG Chi-hsin (CHANG Gi Hsing)
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Assistant Managers
Manager, South Bridge
Road Branch
Manager, Cross St. Branch
KUALA LUMPUR:
Manager
PENANG:
LU Chen-hsing (LOH Cheng Hsing)
CHENG Hsueh-heng (CHENG Hsiao
Heng)
CHU Chia-k'uei (CHU Kia Kwei)
TAN Keng-hui
YUNG Chi-shen (JUNG Chi-sen)
TU Hsi-ho (TO Yup Ho)
HO Hsien-c.h'eng (Hanson HO)
Manager
Sub-manager
Alfred Chan Kwan KWOK (C.K. KWOK)
TAI Yun-feng (TAI Yun Fong)
Manager
Deputy Manager
TENG Pan
TENG Tsu-wu
Manager
Sub-managers
Assistant Managers
Supervisor
BOMBAY:
Manager
Sub-manager
CHIANG Wen-kuei (CHEUNG Man-kwei)
WANG T'ung-yin (T.Y. WANG)
CHI Heng (CHIN Hung)
LI Chin-ch'eng
CHENG Chien-feng
LEE King-chou (King Chen LEE,
K.C. LI)
HSU Lu-kuang
P'U Chuan-ch'uan(PU Heng-ju)
WANG Ti-cheng
CHEN Hung-chin (H.C. CHEN)
PU Yu-jui
LI Chou-ying (C.Y. LEE)
Superintendent
Manager
CHIN Po
KAO Wei-hsi (W.H. KAO, R.L.I.
fHIO) KOO Wei-sien)
YO Swie Hong
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Manager
Assistant Manager CHIU Chin-chung
SURABAYA:
Manager WU Kuan-hsi (NG Kon Hie)
OTHER CHINESE COMMUNIST BANKS OUTSIDE CHINA
In addition to the branches of the Bank of China there are a number
of other banks outside of the China mainland which are controlled by the
Chinese Communists and which perform certain functions, under supervision
of persons who are sent there for the purpose by the Chinese Communist
Government. In some cases the control is probably through diplomatic per-
sonnel in the embassies or consulates of the CPG. In other cases it may
be through persons officially attached to the Bank of China branches. In
some instances it may be through persons assigned under other auspices in
the community.
The principal among these other banks is the Bank of Communications,
whose branches were formerly controlled by the Chinese Nationalist Govern-
ment. Its main branches under Chinese Communist control are shown below,
but there is not a great deal of information which would justify its ex-
istence in addition to the Bank of China branches. In Hong Kong, its
operations are under some form of joint administration which controls all
the Chinese Communist-controlled banks and whose personnel appear to be
connected with the Bank of China branch in that city. Branches of the
Bank of Communications are known to be located in Hong Kong and Rangoon.
There may also be branches in Singapore and Indonesia. In Hong Kong, the
manager is CH'ENG Mu-hao (aka CHIN Meng-hao, M.H. CHENG, CHENG Moo Hou),
and among the assistant managers is KO Shih-liang.
In Rangoon, the Bank of Communications is located in the same build-
ing with the Bank of China, and KUNG Ch'ing-lin (aka C.L. KYONG and KUNG
Him-lian) is manager. Assistant manager is LU Feng-ao (aka LOH Fong-
ngaw and James LOK).
Besides the Bank of China and Bank of Communications, there are many
other banks in Hong Kong under Chinese Communist control. The largest of
these are included among the following:
China State Bank:
Manager MAI Tso-heng (T.H. MAI, C.H. MEH)
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China and South Seas Bank:
Manager CHANG Hsi-jung
Ho Cheng (Wo Shing) Bank:
Manager WOO Tzu-t'ieh
Kincheng Banking Corporation:
Manager CH'EN Po-liu
National Commercial Bank:
Manager YEH Yuan
National Industrial Bank:
Manager
Pao Sheng (Po Sang) National
Bank:
Manager CHANG Hsi-jung
Sub-manager YUAN Tzu-wen
Sin Hua Trust, Savings and
Commercial Bank:
Manager HSU Chan-hsing (TSUI Cham Sing)
Assistant manager LI Chun-yu
Yien Yieh Commercial Bank, Ltd.:
Managers NGAI Sze-yam
H.C. PHAY
Young Brothers Banking Cor-
poration:
Manager HSIEH Wen-t'ung
Sub-manager CH'ENG Nai-feng
Kwangtung Provincial Bank:
Manager CH'EN Tso-hsuan
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Nanyang Commercial Bank:
Manager HSU Tzu-ch'i
Chia Hua Bank (Ka Wah Bank,
Ltd.):
Managing Director LAM Chi-fung
Manager TAM He-tin (T'AN Hsi-t'ien)
Ssu Hai Tung Bank:
Manager HSU Shih-yu
NEW CHINA NEWS AGENCY (HSIN HUA NEWS AGENCY) (NCNA)
This news agency is an official organ of the People's Republic of
China; administratively it is under the State Council, with headquarters
in Peking. It was under the government News Administration from 1949
until that administration was abolished in August 1952. It bears the
same relationship to the Chinese Communist Government that the Tass News
Agency does to the USSR, and is also probably used for the other activi-
ties in addition to its Qbvious overt functions. A conference of news
agencies' representatives from Communist nations was reported to have been
held in Peking, in September 1956, ?with the NCNA as host. The NCNA dates
back at least to the Yenan days of the Communist Party and has grown into
the principal source of the Communist world's information on Asian affairs,
with correspondents throughout the Far East and all principal cities of
Europe and Asia. Thus far no representatives are known to be in the West-
ern Hemisphere on permanent assignment, although some have traveled there
with various delegations.
Besides daily broadcasts of NCNA news dispatches via Radio Peking to
the local press throughout Communist China, much of the NCNA daily file
is beamed to Southeast Asia via Radio Peking, is monitored there, and is
distributed in the larger communities in Southeast Asia, not only to the
Chinese Communist controlled press, but also to such local Chinese lan-
guage and vernacular papers as make use of the material, slanted and la-
den with propaganda as it is. It is also probable that the NCNA offices
and representatives review the non-Communist publications in the larger
communities in Southeast Asia and translate news items and editorials of
interest to Communist China.
Although party and government lines of command have not been an-
nounced, it would be logical that the Propaganda Department of the CCP
and the Second Staff Office (Culture and Education) of the State Council
Y
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would exercise policy direction of the NCNA activities. Director of the
NCNA since 1952 has been WU Leng-hsi, who is a member of the board of
directors of the ACRFC, vice chairman of the ACFJ, and a director of the
PIFA, and who was a member of the Chinese Communist delegation to the
April 1954 Geneva Conference. WU was deputy director of NCNA from 1950
to 1952 under CH'EN K'o-han, who is now a Vice Minister of Cultural Af-
fairs. Deputy directors of the NCNA are: CHU Mu-chih, MOU Hai-lu (MIAO
Hai-leng), and TENG Kang.
While this section is principally concerned with NCNA representatives
stationed outside the China mainland, there is merit in listing the fol-
lowing persons, some of whom are connected with the ACRFC and thus may be
traveling abroad with delegations. All of them either are editors, are
associated with the CCP propaganda machine, or have been leaders in NCNA:
CHANG T'ieh-sheng--Was formerly active in CCP propaganda in Hong
Kong.
CH'EN K'o-han--Director, NCNA, 1949-1952; ACFDY; CPC; ACFJ; Vice
Minister of Culture.
CH'EN Lung--Director, Foreign Language News Department, NCNA; member
of CHOU En-lai's entourage to SEA, December 1956; Vice Minister of
Public Security.
CH'IEN Chun-jui--Minister of Culture; active in CPC, SSFA, PIFA.
CHIN Chung-hua (CHIN Hsiao-yu, C.K. KING, Benjamin KING)--Member,
Board of Directors, NCNA; editor; PIFA Board of Directors; CPC;
delegate to world peace conferences; IOJ; ACFJ; Vice Mayor of
Shanghai; IOJ; ASC.
CHU Mu-chih--Deputy Director, NCNA, in 1954.
FAN Chang-chiang--Former Deputy Chief, NCNA; now deputy head of the
2nd Staff Office, State Council; active in CPC and ACFTU; head of
Peiping School of Journalism; ex-Deputy Chief, former News Adminis-
tration, CPG; attended WPC, Vienna, 1952; ACRFC; CPPCC; Deputy
Secretary General, Scientific Planning Committee, CPG.
HSIUNG Fu--Secretary General, Propaganda Department, CCP; member,
ASC.
HU Chi-wei--Headed journalist delegation to USSR, April 1956; deputy
chief editor, People's Daily.
HU Chun-leng--Deputy Director of head office of NCNA in Peking.
HU Yu-chih--Secretary General, CDL; former head, Publications Adminis-
tration; member, WPC; on Executive Committee, SSFA and CPC; Vice
Chairman, PIFA, and China-Indonesia FA; promoter of Esperanto; was
in Sumatra, 1942-1945; member, Board of Directors, NCNA; member,
Board of Directors, ACRFC; member, NIEA.
LI Fu-jen--Active in CDL, PIFA, and ASC.
LI P'ing-ch'uan--Deputy Secretary General, ACFJ; Assistant to Direc-
tor, International Department, NCNA.
LI Shen--Deputy Director, International News Department, NCNA; mem-
ber, CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA, December 1956.
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LI Yeh-liu--With NCNA Hong Kong; was pro-Communist staff member of
editorial section of the newspaper Chung Yuan Pao in Bangkok.
LIU Tsun-ch'i--Editor of People's China since 1953; was Deputy Di-
rector, International News Bureau under former News Administra-
tion; was publisher in Hong Kong, 1948-1949; studied in U.S.,
1947; on board of directors of PIFA.
MEI I--Former deputy chief editor, NCNA; Vice Chairman, ACFJ; head,
Broadcasting Administration Bureau; elected Chairman, International
Radio Organization (OIR) in 1953?
MOU Hai-lu (MIAO Hai-leng)--Deputy Director, NCNA, Peking.
SA K'ung-liao--Member, NCNA Board of Directors.
SHAO Tsung-han--Editor, Kuang-ming Jih-pao; leader in CDL and CBFA.
SHEN Tzu-chiu (f)--Member, NCNA Board of Directors.
TENG Kang--Deputy Director, NQNA, Peking.
TENG T'o--President, ACFJ; editor, Jen-min Jih-pao; on Executive
Committee, SSFA, SIFA.
WANG Yun-sheng--On Executive Committees, of ACFJ, ACFICA, PIFA, CPC,
SSFA, ASC; editor, Tientsin edition of Ta Kung Pao; headed dele-
gation to International Conference of Journalists, Helsinki,
June 1956.
WU Wen-tao--NCNA correspondent in Prague, 1949; attended Interna-
tional Red Cross Conference, Toronto, 1952; covered Geneva Con-
ference and Bandung Conference for Jen-min Jih-pao; attended
Asian Countries Conference, New Delhi, 1955.
YANG Han-sheng--NCNA Board of Directors.
Identified representatives and correspondents of NCNA abroad, whose
functions appear at. times to extend beyond their journalistic responsi-
bilities, include:
CHANG Wei-leng--Director of NCNA in New Delhi.
CHANG Yang--Editor, NCNA Macao Office.
CH'EN Kuo-chieh--Reporter for NCNA Bureau in Macao.
CH'EN Ta-pai--Editor, NCNA Macao Office.
CH'EN Tien-shen (aka Sam CHINQUE)--Head of NCNA London Office; rep-
resented Chinese Communist interests in Britain before legation
opened in 1954.
CHEEN Wen-ch'i--With NCNA propaganda unit, Hong Kong.
CHENG Hai-fong--Correspondent in Geneva covering International Labor
Organization affairs.
CHIANG Yuan-chun--NCNA correspondent, Syria, March 1957.
CHIEN Hsin--Special NCNA correspondent in London, in September 1956.
FEN Pi--Representative of NCNA in Kabul, December 1956.
HO Ch'ing--NCNA correspondent.
HSU Ts'u (HSU Su, HSU Tung)--Former chief, NCNA Bureau in Macao.
HSUEH Wen-ching--NCNA correspondent, Warsaw, October 1956.
HUANG Cho-jan--Correspondent in Hong Kong.
HUANG Kan-sung--NCNA correspondent.
HUANG Lung--Reporter for NCNA with CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA,
December 1956.
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HU Chih-sheng--NCNA and People's Daily correspondent, Budapest, 14
November 1956.
JEN Feng-ping--CCP member; NCNA representative on trade delegation
to Japan, March 1955.
KIANG Han--NCNA commentator, Radio Peking.
KUNG Ling-to--NCNA cameraman with CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA,
December 1956.
LI Ch'ung--Chief editor of NCNA, Hong Kong, since 1951.
LI Ho--NCNA correspondent, Moscow, February 1956; staff writer for
People's Daily.
LIU Ching-jui--NCNA photographer with CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA,
December 1956.
LIU Kuei-liang--NCNA correspondent Bonn, October 1956.
P'EI Ta--NCNA correspondent and Jen-min Jih-pao reporter; member of
drama group which toured Japan June-August 1956.
PENG Ti--Was correspondent in Djakarta for NCNA, 1954-55; was special
NCNA correspondent, Cairo, August 1956; has been in London, since
September 1956; was in Accra, Ghana, in March 1957.
PU Chao-wen--NCNA correspondent, Peking, November 1956.
TAI Huang--NCNA correspondent, Hanoi, North Vietnam; accused of being
rightist August 1957.
T'AN Kan (Arnold TAM)--Executive editor of NCNA Hong Kong Office.
TING Jen-shan--Director, NCNA Macao Office.
TING To--Chinese Communist Government requested permission to send
him to Japan as NCNA representative, October 1956, for a stay of
one year. Probably not identical with TENG T'o, president of
ACFJ. NCNA correspondent with Chinese Communist delegation to
Anti-Nuclear Weapons Conference, Tokyo, 1957. Deputy to WU Hsueh-
wen in Japan Branch of NCNA. Also known as TING T'o-liang.
TS'AI Lei--NCNA editor in Hong Kong.
WANG Chang-yun--Director of NCNA Office, Rangoon; was in Rangoon,
December 1955, preparing for the arrival of a delegation from
Communist China.
WANG Chi (WANG Huan) (f)--People's Daily correspondent; member of
trade delegation to Japan, March 1955?
WANG Liang-yu (Roland WONG)--Connected with People's China and NCNA
in Hong Kong.
WANG Shu--Director of NCNA Office in Karachi, since mid-1956.
WU Hsueh-wen (WU Hsueh-mien, WU Hsueh-wen)--NCNA representative with
Red Cross delegation to Japan in November 1954; member of trade
delegation to Japan, March 1955; also with delegation to Anti-
Nuclear Weapons Conference, Tokyo, 1957.
WU Wen-hsiu--Chinese Communist Government requested permission to
send him to Japan as NCNA representative in October 1956 for a
stay of one year.
WU Yu-tsung--Headed NCNA office in Chungking during World War II.
WU Hsieh-wen--Named NCNA correspondent in Tokyo, December 1957.
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CHINA TRAVEL SERVICE {CTS)
This company was founded in Shanghai in 1924. Half of its original
shares were owned by the Chinese Nationalist Government. It had a branch
in Hong Kong prior to World War II.
Little is known of the organizational structure of the CTS or of its
direction from Peking. Whether there is an agengy in Peking which exer-
cises control and supervision of the CTS is not clear. It appears cer-
tain that there is such an organization, that it is under Chinese Com-
munist control, and that it works through representatives or agents in
various locations throughout Southeast Asia. The CTS has offices in ports
of entry to and exit from Communist China (including Canton, Shanghai,
Amoy, Swatow, Lingshan, and Shench'uan, on the border with Macao and pos-
sibly in other ports along the coast of China to the north). It has close
relations with the Bank of China where there are branches of this bank and
with offices of the New China News Agency in Southeast Asia. It handles
matters in connection with entry permits to Communist China and handles
shipment of freight for travelers as well as shipments and documents in
connection with Communist China's foreign trade. It serves the Associa-
tion for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (ACRFC) and other Com-
munist front organizations in facilitating travel to China of persons
from non-Communist countries. It works with and through other travel
agents (Communist and non-Communist) in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao,
and Japan to facilitate travel. It seems likely that the CTS bears some
close relationship to the Commission for Overseas Chinese Affairs (COCA),
and works closely with the COCA office in Canton. It is possible that
there are travel agencies in some places in Southeast Asia using the title
China Travel Service which are only agents of the Chinese Communist organ-
ization or may be completely independent of CTS control. For example,
there is a China Travel Service in Macao managed by FANG Pao-ch'ing, which
is apparently connected with the China Navigation Company, but there is
nothing to indicate it is connected with the China Travel Service (Hong
Kong) Ltd. The CTS may also perform "liaison" services in connection
with persons and goods moving via Hong Kong and Macao for transshipment
to and from the China mainland.
Prior to 1949, China Travel Service in Hong Kong was operated and
controlled by the Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank. By 1951, the.
Chinese Communists had taken over control of the China Travel Service but
claimed it was a private enterprise and not connected with the China
National Travel Service. In 1954, the CTS was reorganized in Hong Kong
as China Travel Service (Hong Kong) Ltd. The CTS appears to be closely
connected with the Chinese Communist controlled banks in Hong Kong. SHEN
Yung, head of the General Affairs Department of the Bank of China, Hong
Kong, is active in the affairs of CTS.
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It is possible the China Travel Service may be connected in some way
with the Chinese International Travel Agency, mentioned in a Peking broad-
cast in January 1957. This broadcast stated a protocol had been signed
between the Chinese International Travel Agency (China International
Tourist Service), and the Soviet International Travel Agency (possibly
INTOURIST) calling for the Chinese agency to handle 1,000 private Soviet
tourists, 25 at a time, during 1957. The Soviet Agency would, in turn,
handle an unspecified number of Chinese private tourists numbering more
than 15 at a time.
Key personnel of the branch offices of the China Travel Service are
probably assigned through some central Chinese Communist organ, but most
of the staff of employees are probably recruited locally. It appears
that some of the agencies or independent travel services through which
the CTS works specialize in handling Chinese traveling to and from spe-
cific geographical areas of the China mainland. The CTS branch offices
may deal with the Public Security Bureaus on the China mainland in obtain-
ing entry and exit permits. The extent to which the CTS deals with il-
legal travelers is not known, nor is there a clear relationship between
the CTS and persons or groups engaged in smuggling such travelers into and
out of China. It is probable that the CTS either operates or has close
connection with hotels in Canton, Hong Kong, and Macao for billeting of
travelers with whom they are dealing.
Key personnel of the CTS in Hong Kong include:
Manager
Vice Managers
Assistant Manager
FANG Yuan-mou (FANG Yuen-mow)--
Formerly with the CTS in Canton;
succeeded CHOU Ying-hua as Man-
ager of CTS, Hong Kong.
TS'AI Fu-yu--Formerly with one of
the Hong Kong banks; Supervisor
of trading department.
CHANG Yang-chiang--Also Assistant
Supervisor of Passenger Depart-
ment of CTS.
LIN Tsung-mao (LUM Joung-mou, J.M.
LUM)--Also Manager of CTS Pas-
senger Department.
SHIN Li-ch'un (TSZE Lee-chun)--
Also Manager of CTS Freight
Department.
Head of General Affairs
Department
Original Stockholders and
Directors in 1954, when
reorganized as China
Travel Service (Hong
Kong) Ltd.
LIANG Shih-ch'iu (S.K. LIANG).
CH'EN Po-liu--Manager of Kincheng
Banking Corp., Hong Kong.
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FANG Yuan-mou (FONG Yuen-mow).
HSU Chan-hsing (SU Tuan-seng,
T.S. SU, CHU Cham-sing)--Man-
ager of the Sin Hua Trust,
Savings and Commercial Bank,
Hong Kong; member of Standing
Committee, Hong Kong Chinese
Chamber of Commerce 1955-1956.
KO Shih-liang--Deputy Manager of
Bank of Communications, Hong
Kong.
MAI Tso-heng (T.H. MAI, C.H.
MEH)--Manager of China State
Bank, Hong Kong.
MIN AN INSURANCE COMPANY
This is a Chinese Communist owned concern with offices in the Bank
of China Building in Hong Kong. The home office is believed to be locat-
ed on the mainland in Shanghai. It provides all-risk marine insurance
coverage for cargoes destined to or from Communist China. It is closely
associated with the Bank of China, other Chinese Communist controlled
banks and export/import firms in Hong Kong. The company was founded in
1947, by CH'EN Jih-ch'ang and came under control of the Chinese Communists
in 1949. Ultimate direction is believed to come from the CPG Ministry of
Finance, perhaps through the Bank of China.
In September 1949, the company was registered with the Hong Kong
government by the following persons: SHIH Ching-yen (K.Y. ZAH), formerly
of the Universal Development Company, CHANG Hsi-jung (S.W. CHEUNG), mana-
ger of the Pao Sheng Native Bank in Hong Kong, and LIANG Wan-ch'eng.
Shareholders in addition to these three men were: FU Nai-tong; CHANG
Yun-hsiao (Y.S. CHANG), manager of Universal Development Company in 1951;
and LIANG Tzu-yu.
In addition to CHANG Hsi-jung and LIANG Wen-ch'eng, as of 1954, the
following were members of the Min An Insurance Company board of directors:
CHENG T'ieh-ju, manager of the Bank of China, Hong Kong branch; CHEENG
Mu-hao, manager of the Bank of Communications, Hong Kong branch; HUANG
Hsien-ju (H.J. HUANG), sub-manager of the Bank of China, Hong Kong branch;
and SUN Wen-min, general manager of Min An.
Management personnel of the Min An Insurance Company include the
following:
Chief Manager SUN Wen-min.
Manager CH'EN Jih-ch'ang--Original found-
er of Min An.
Vice Managers HSI Nai-chieh (ZIH Nai-chee)--
Formerly with Pao Feng Insur-
ance Co., Shanghai.
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LU Shu-tung--Also head of the
Secretarial Section of Min An.
LO Ch'eng-hsu--Also chief account-
ant.
WEI Hsiang-ch'en.
Direction of this company is believed to be from the CPG Ministry
of Finance in Peking. Its general office is in Peking, and it also has
other offices in major cities, including Shanghai. WU Chen-hsiu is man-
ager of the China Insurance Company. It is believed to sell all types of
insurance other than marine all-risk coverage, which is handled by the
Min An Insurance Company. It occupies offices in the Bank of China Build-
ing in Hong Kong and has branches in other locations in Southeast Asian
countries. This company is affiliated with the Bank of China and closely
associated with other Chinese Communist controlled banks and business
firms in Hong Kong and other locations mentioned below.
Officials of the company's branches include:
Manager, Hong Kong Branch
Office
Manager, Singapore Branch
Office
Manager, Djakarta Branch
Office
Manager, Surabaya Branch
Office
CHIN Tung-ning (T.M. KING)
LI Te-ch'iao (K.C. LEE, LEE Ter
Chiao)
HSU Shao-chi
MA Chung-yao
This is one of the special bureaus under the State Council and is
responsible for matters concerning aviation not only internally in China,
but also in connection with international routes to and from Communist
China. KUANG Jen-nung is director of this bureau; his deputies are:
WANG Feng-wu, LI Ping, and CH'EN Jui-kuang. For some time there has
been international air service between China and the USSR, North Korea
and the Mongolian People's Republic, but names of the CAB representatives
in these countries are not known although there has been mention of such
an office in the USSR and North Korea. Interest in these personnel with-
in the context of this paper is in such official government representa-
tives in areas outside of Sino-Soviet control.
Under the Air Transport Agreement signed in November 1955, between
Communist China and Burma, an office of the CAB representative was set up
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in Rangoon, by July 1956. Although service is maintained from Communist
China to Mandalay, Burma, no CAB office is known to have been set up
there as yet.
Officials of CAB stationed in Burma are:
WANG Ming-chen--Manager,
CH'EN Kuo-hsun--Assistant Manager; aka SHEN Kuo-hsun.
HSU Hsiung--Assistant Manager.
LIU Tung-ao--Assistant Manager; aka LIU Tung-cao.
WANG Chien-kung--Apparently set up office in Rangoon and returned
to China. Person by same name was reported Deputy Chief of
the Civil Affairs Office, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
People's Council.
Agreements with India and Nepal provided for an exchange of aviation
rights between China and these countries. Exploratory flights of Chinese
Communist planes to these countries from Lhasa, Tibet, were being under-
taken in October 1956, and, when routes are established, offices of CAB
with permanent staffs will probably be set up in each of these countries.
Negotiations for Air Ceylon International to fly from Colombo to
Canton, Communist China, have been reported to have been concluded. Since
Ceylon has established diplomatic relations with Communist China, this
could result in extension of Chinese Communist air service to Colombo and
establishment of an office of CAB in Ceylon.
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CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTICIPATION IN WORLD COMMUNIST
ORGANIZATIONS
GENERAL
Chinese Communist mass organizations have long been represented in
international mass front organizations and at their meetings, but, since
1949, this participation has greatly increased.
In some of these organizations Communist China has representation
on the permanent (full-time) secretariat staffs and among the translators
and interpreters. These names are followed by the designator "(P)" in
the groupings which follow. In other instances Chinese Communists are
prominent among the elected officers and council members.
Listed below are those known to fall in these two categories, but
the list is not believed to be complete. In headings below are shown
first the international Communist organization, followed by the Chinese
Communist federation or group which is the national affiliate of the
international organization. From these national groups personnel are
drawn to serve as executives of the international groups and to attend the
various congresses, usually held annually, festivals which are held less
frequently, and the special conferences called from time to time to serve
as sounding boards for international Communist propaganda campaigns.
Listings of persons attending various meetings of these international
Communist fronts are as announced in Chinese Communist radio broadcasts
or publications and should not be presumed to include all of the delega-
tions or delegates but only illustrative examples. In most cases only
the name of the leader of the delegation is given, and there are usually
many members of each group.
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WORLD FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS (WFTU),
All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU)
The ACFTU is a national affiliate of the Communist-dominated World
Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU).
Officials of the WFTU from Communist China are:
Vice President (one of many)
Secretary (one of many)
Members
Chinese Interpreter
LIU Ning-i
MA Ch'un-ku (P)
LIU Ning-i
LI Hsieh-po (LI Chieh-po)
(LI Chi-po) (P)
CH'EN Shao-min (f)
C1#' IU Chin
CHIN Keng
CHU Hsueh-fan
CHANG Wei-chen
CHIN Chih-fu
K'ANG Yung-ho
LIU Tao-sheng
CHAO Kuo-ch'iang
CH'EN Yu
LI Tsin-su
CH'EN 0 (CHEN Eh) (P)
of Trade Departments (TUI's) of the WFTU (all are
vice presidents unless otherwise designated):
World Federation of Teachers' Unions (FISE) FANG Ming
Workers of Chemical, Petroleum and Allied
Industries
Metal and Engineering Workers
Land and Air Transport Workers
Agricultural and Forestry Workers TUI
Administration Committee member
Deputy Director of the International
Liaison Department of ACFTU
Delegates to December 1956 Administrative
Committee of Public and Allied Employees
TUI, Warsaw
-32+-
CHIANG Hao-jan
CHAO Kuo-ch'iang
LI Hsieh-po (LI Chieh-po)
(LI Chi-po)
CHUAN Sun (CHUAN Soon)
YANG Tao-sheng
CHU Ling
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ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN LIAISON BUREAU OF WFTU
Chairman LIU Ning-i
Secretary General CH'EN Yu
Chinese Member MO Chen-chiu
Chief, Japan Section WU Hsiu-te
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION (WIDF)
All China Democratic Women's Federation (ACDWF)
The All China Democratic Women's Federation is a national affiliate
of the Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF).
Representatives of Communist China among officials of the WIDF are:
Executive Committee:
Vice President (one of many) TS'AI Ch'ang
Secretary (one of many) YANG Yun-yu (P)
Members TENG Ying-ch'ao
LI Te-ch'uan
LU Ts'ui (LU Tsai)
Alternate Members TING Ling
HSU Kuang-p'ing
SHIH Liang
TS'AO Meng-chun (TS'AO Meng-chuan)
The following others have engaged in international front activities
for the ACDWF :
CHOU Tzu-kang--Delegate to World Congress of Women, Copenhagen, 1953.
FANG Ling-ju--Professor of Chinese Literature, Futan University,
Shanghai; delegate to World Congress of Women, Copenhagen, 1953.
KO Yang--Editor of magazine New Observer; delegate World Congress
of Women, Copenhagen, 1953.
LA Hsi-ta--Wife of Burhan; attended WIDF Conference.
KUNG P'u-sheng--Wife of Vice Premier CHANGHan-fu; Deputy Director
of the International Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; was
a member of women's delegation touring Pakistan, December 1955.
Her sister is KUNG P'eng (see WFDY). Her father was an ex-war
lord in Shanghai; she was a member of the delegation to UN As-
sembly, in 1950, and was a graduate-student at Columbia Univer-
sity.
KANG K'o (Mme. CHU Teh)--Secretary General of China National Com-
mittee for Defense of Children; active in International Committee
for Defense of the Rights of Children.
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LIU Wang Li-ming--Attended 1956 conference of World Association of
School Women; President, Women's Temperance Union of China.
LU Tsai (LU Ts'ui)--Head of International Operations Department,
ACDWF. See WFDY.
LO Ch'iung--Vice Chairman, Delegation to World Mother's Congress,
Switzerland, June 1955.
PAI Lang--Writer; member, delegation attending executive meeting of
WIDF, Sofia, 1951.
TSOU Te-hsin--Assistant head of the International Operations Depart-
ment, ACDWF.
WU Lan (Ulan)--Attended World Congress of Women in Denmark, April
1953, and WPC meeting in Budapest, June 1953; delegate to WIDF
Conference, Budapest, 1948; member, Executive Committee of ACDWF.
WORLD FEDERATION OF DEMOCRATIC YOUTH (WFDY)
All China Federation of Democratic Youth (ACFDY)
The ACFDY is a national affiliate of the World Federation of Demo-
cratic Youth (WFDY).
Among the officials of the WFDY from Communist China are:
Vice President (one of many) HU Yao-pang
Secretaries (two of many) CH'IEN Li-jen (P)
HO Hsi-chuan (P)
Members LIAO Ch'eng-chih
HU Yao-pang
LIU Tao-sheng
OU T'ang-liang (f)
CH'EN Hsu-tsung
WU Hsueh-ch'ien
CH'IEN Li-jen
LI Shao-pao
Other leaders in the ACFDY who have represented Communist China at
international conferences include:
CH'EN Chia-k'ang (CH'EN Ch'uan-kang)--One of the most important in-
ternational youth liaison officers; former member Executive Com-
mittee, WFDY; member, Central Committee YCL; formerly with UFD
and Social Affairs Department of CCP; Asian Division, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs; counsellor to CHOU En-lai at Geneva Confer-
ence; member of Central Committee and a deputy chief of Liaison
Department of SSFA; appointed Ambassador to Egypt, July 1956.
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CH'IAO Kuan-hua--One of the assistants to Premier CHOU En-lai; depu-
ty head, Foreign Policy Committee, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
chief of International News Bureau of former News Administration
of CPG; long associated with New China News Agency; accompanied
CHOU En-lai on trip throughout Southeast Asia, December 1956.
CH'IEN Ta-wei--Liaison member from ACFDY to WFDY; Deputy Secretary
General of ACFS; head of student department of YCL in Nanking.
CHU Liang (CHU Ling)--Liaison member from ACFDY to WFDY.
KUNG P'eng (f)--Wife of CH'IA0 Kuan-hua; chief of Information (In-
telligence) Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; former sec-
retary to CHOU En-lai; was counsellor member of delegation to
Geneva conference on French Indochina in 1955; sister of KUNG
P'u-sheng (see WIDF list); was one of leading members of dele-
gation traveling with CHOU En-lai to countries of Southeast
Asia in December 1956.
LO I--Chairman of delegation to 5th World Youth and Students' Fes-
tival, Warsaw, 1955; member, YCL Secretariat; delegate to NPC,
1954.
LU Ts'ui (f)--Was elected Vice Chairman, WFDY, in 1949 (present
status not known); active in women's and peace international
fronts (WIDF, WPC).
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS (IUS)
All China Federation of Students (ACFS)
The All China Federation of Students is a national affiliate of the
International Union of Students (IUS).
Among the officials of the IUS from Communist China are:
Vice Presidents (two of many) CHENG Chi-min (CHENG
Chi-ming)
YANG Ch'eng
Chinese delegates to recent meetings of the IUS:
Council Meeting, Sofia, Au-
gust 1955
HO Hsi-ch'uan
HSIEH Pang-ting (f)
CHENG Chi-min
CH'EN Hsing
WANG Hui-then
CHANG Yi-ting (CHIANG I-ting)
SUN Chin-ju
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International Meeting of
Student Press Editors,
Vienna, December 1955.
Chief Delegate
Asian-African Students Con-
ference, Bandung, June
1956
World Conference of Stu-
caents, Prague, August-
September 1956
HSIEH Pang-ting (f)
CH'IEN Ta-wei
CH'IEN Li-jen
SHIN Chung-pen
Chiang-pen)
(SHIN
HU Ch'i-li
KO Tai-shuo (KO Tsai-shuo)--Re-
ported in 1956 to be head of
IUS Bureau of Students Fight-
ing Against Colonialism.
IUS Sponsored Student Semi-
nar, Prague, April 1956 CHENG Chi-min
Sports Meeting of IUS, Buda-
pest, July 1954. Chair-
PAN Shih-chiang
man of Delegation T'IEN Te-min
,World Students' Congress,
Warsaw, August 1953.
Chairman of Delegation T'IEN Te-min
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF JOURNALISTS (IOJ)
All China Federation of Journalists (ACFJ) (also known as All China
Journalists Association
The All China Federation of Journalists is a national affiliate of
the Communist-controlled International Organization of Journalists.
The only identified official of the IOJ from Communist China is:
Vice President (one of five) TENG T'o
Chinese delegates to recent meetings of the IOJ:
A Meeting Initiating a Commit-
tee for an International
Meeting of Journalists
(Concealed Sponsorship by
IOJ), Berlin, June 1955 WU Wen-t'ao
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IOJ Executive Committee Meet-
ing, Sofia, October 1955 CH'EN Li-ang
CHIN Chung-hua
Enlarged Meeting of the IOJ
Presidium, Warsaw, March
1956 TENG T'o
International Journalists Con-
ference, Helsinki, June 1956 CHIN Chung-hua
WANG Yun-sheng
WEN Chi-tse
LI P'ing-ch'uan
INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING ORGANIZATION (OIR)
Vice President (one of many) WEN Chi-tse
WORLD FEDERATION OF SCIENTIFIC WORKERS (WFSW)
All China Federation of Scientific Societies (ACFSS)
The All China Federation of Scientific Societies is a national af-
filiate of the World Federation of Scientific Workers (WFSW).
Among the officials of the WFSW from Communist China are:
Executive Committee:
Vice Chairman (one of many) LI Ssu-kuang
Member (for East Asia) HUA Lo-keng
Members TING Tsan
T'U Ch'ang-wang
CH'IEN San-ch'iang
LIANG Hsi
Honorary Secretary CHOU P'ei-yuan
Honorary Secretary and
Peking Editor T'U Ch'ang-wang
Others from Communist China who are active in the WFSW include:
KUO Mo-jo
CHANG Han-ying
YANG Hsien-tung
TS'AO Jih-ch'ang
CHOU Shih-lu
TING Hsi-lin
WANG Hu-chen
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Chinese Communist delegations to recent WFSW-sponsored meetings in-
clude:
Delegation to WFSW Conference
in Vienna, 1954, included CH'EN K'ang-pai
Delegation to WFSW Third Con-
ference, Budapest, 1953,
included T'U Ch'ang-wang
CHOU P'ei-yuan
Delegation to International
Congress of Architects, The
Hague, July 1955, headed by YANG T'ing-pao
Among the delegation to the
6th Annual International
Colloquium for Spectro-
scopy (not a Communist
front), Vienna, May 1956,
was Dr. HO I-chen (Mrs. KO T'ing-
Delegation to International
Metallurgists Conference,
Moscow, June 1956
WORLD CONGRESS OF DOCTORS (WCD)
sui)
CHOU Yuan-hsi
CHANG Tso-mei
TAO Tan
All China Association of Medical Societies (ACAMS) (also called the
China Medical Association)
The All China Association of Medical Societies is affiliated with
the World Congress of Doctors (WCD).
Among the officials of the WCD from Communist China are:
Member of the International
Committee (one of 16) PAI Hsi-ching--Participant also
Delegates from ACAMS to 2nd
session of European Congress
of Cardiology, Sweden, Sep-
tember 1956, included
in World Conferences of Doc-
tors, Vienna, 1953, Tokyo,
1955.
MA Wan-shen
PAN Shao-chou
TAO Shao-chi
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World Congress of Physicians,
Vienna, May 1953. Delega-
tion included SU Ching-kuang
CHU Fu-t'ang
CHUNG Hui-lan
.HUANG Chia-ssu
LIANG Po-ch'iang
LIN Ch'iao-chih (f)
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS (IADL)
Political Science and Law Association (PSLA)
The Political Science and Law Association is affiliated with the
International Association of Democratic Lawyers.
Among officials of the IADL from Communist China are:
Vice President (one of six) SHEN Chun-ju
Members K'O Po-nien
CHANG Chih-jang
IADL sponsored a confer-
ence of Asian Lawyers
at Calcutta in January
1955, attended by the
following
Delegates from Communist
China attending the meet-
ing of IADL at Brussels,
in May 1956, were
CHANG Chih-jang
CHU Ch'i -wen
WANG I-fu
WANG Fei-jan
CH'EN Shou-i
HAN Yu-t'ung (f)
CHANG Chih-jang
CH'EN Shou-i--Professor
CHOU Nan--Functionary
CHU Ch'i-wen--Lawyer
JIU Mu--Professor of law
LING Chi-han--Functionary
LIU Yun-ying--Interpreter
MEI Shiu-chin--Interpreter
MIN Kang-hou--Member, PSLA
WANG Hsien--Interpreter
WANG Tieh-hsi--Professor
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WORLD PEACE COUNCIL (WPC)
China Peace Committee (CPC)
The China Peace Committee is a national affiliate of the World Peace
Council, an international Communist front organization.
Chinese Communists among the officials of the WPC are:
Executive Committee:
Vice President (one of many) KUO Mo-jo
Secretary (one of many) LI I-mang (P)--Resident of Vienna
since March 1955, with his
wife, WANG I, who also works
for WPC.
Members LI I-mang
LIAO Ch'eng-chih
LIU Ning-i
PAO Erh-han (Burhan)
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)
Chinese Interpreters CH'EN Lo-min
CHI Tsung-hua
Council Members CHANG Po-chun
CHAO I-min
CH'EN Han-sheng
CH'EN Shu-t'ung
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng
CH'U T'u-pan
HOU Te-pang
HUA Lo-keng
HU Yu-chih
KUO Mo-jo
LI I -mang
LI Te-ch'uan
LIAO Ch'eng-chih
LIU Chang-sheng
LIU Kuan-i
LIU Ning-i
LO Lung-chi
LU Ts'ui (f)
MA Yin-ch'u
MENG Yung-ch'ien
PAO Erh-han (Burhan)
SHAG Li-tzu
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)
SOONG Ch'ing-ling (f)
TS'AI T'ing-k'ai
WU Yao-tsung
WU Lan-fu (ULANFU)
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Among those working in Vienna
in June 195+ on the secre-
tariat HSIAO San (HSIAO Ai-mei, Emi SIAO)
CHENG Chen-ku
CHENG Sheng-yu
LIU Yun-ying
Representatives from Communist China attending some of the "peace"
conferences since 1955 included:
First World Conference for
Prohibiting Atomic and
Hydrogen Bombs, Osaka,
Japan, 13 August 1955
Second World Conference for
Prohibiting Atomic and
Hydrogen Bombs, Tokyo and
Nagasaki, Japan, 6-11 Au-
gust 1956
AN Shu-chu
CHAO P'u-ch'u
CHENG Fang-wu
CHENG Sheng-yu
HSIA Yung-hsin
HSIEH Ping-hsin (f)
LIU Ning-i--Head of delegation
SUN Sheng-chuan
HSU Kuang-p'ing (f)--Author;
-of delegation
TS'AO Yu--Writer
WANG Yun-sheng--Editor
World Peace Council Meeting,
Stockholm, 5-9 April 1956 CH'EN Han-sheng
CH'EN Lo-min
CH'EN Shu-t'ung
CHEN Te-chien
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng
CHU Tzu-chi
HOU Te-pang
JUNG I-jen
LI I-mang
LIU Ning-i
LO Lung-chi
LU Tso-i
SHAO Li-tzu
SHEN Chu-chang
T'ANG Ming-chao
WU Yao-tsung
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Among Those from Communist
China Attending the World
Assembly for Peace, Hel-
sinki, June 1955
CH'EN Han-sheng
CH'EN Shu-t'ung
CHI Te-jung
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng
CH'U T'u-nan
HSIEH Ping-hsin (f)
HU Lan-sheng
HUA Lo-keng
HUANG Tso-lin
KAO Chung-min
KU Tsui
KUO Mo-jo
LI I-mang
LI Shih-chin
LI Ying-chi
LIANG Chih-hung
LIAO Ch'eng-chih
LIN Han-ta
LIU Kuan-i
LIU Ning-i
MA Jo-han
MEI Kung-pin
MENG Yung-ch'ien
NENG Hai
NI Fei-ch'un (f)
PA Chin (PA Chien)
PAO h-han (Burhan)
SAI Fu-ting (SAIFUDIN)
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)--Head of
delegation
,SHIN Ju-chang (f)
TANG Ming-chao
TANG Chao-tan
TENG Tzu-jo
TING Hsi-lin
TS'AO Ming-chun (f)
TSOU Ping-lin
TSU Hsien-ji
WANG Hui-chen
WANG Tieh-hsi
WU Hung-pin
WU Mao-sung
WU Wen-t'ao
WU Yao-tsung
YANG Chung-sung
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International Institute for Peace (IIP)
Formed in 1957 with headquarters in Vienna; successor to or affiliate
of WPC. Executive Committee members include CHENG Shen-yu (CHENG Shen-
yu), a journalist who was formerly on the WPC Secretariat and who is depu-
ty secretary general of the China branch of the ASC. TIEN.Hui-chen (f) is
another Chinese Communist on the staff of the IIP.
ASIAN AND PACIFIC PEACE LIAISON COMMITTEE (APPLC)
Chinese connected in an executive capacity with the Asian and Pacific
Peace Liaison Committee, also referred to as the Peace Liaison Committee
for the Asian and Pacific Regions, a regional organization of the WPC with
headquarters in Peking, are:
President Mme. SOONG Ch'ing-ling
Vice President KUO Mo-jo
Secretary General LIU Ning-i
Deputy Secretary General LIAO Ch'eng-chih
ASIAN SOLIDARITY COMMITTEE (ASC)
Set up at the 1955 Asian Conference for the Relaxation of Interna-
tional Tensions in New Delhi, the ASC is a WPC-inspired organization
with national committees established in Communist China, the USSR, North
Korea, North Vietnam, Burma, Mongolia, Japan, and India, the latter being
where its headquarters are officially located. In general, its leaders
are also representatives to the World Peace Council. A second Afro-Asian
Solidarity Conference was held in Cairo in early December 1957. Chairman
of the ASC is Mme. Rameshwari NEHRU of India and the secretary general
is Dr. Anup SINGH, also of India.
Chinese who are officials of the Asian Solidarity Committee of China
include:
Chairman KUO Mo-jo
Vice Chairmen HU K'o-ping
LI Te-ch'uan
LIAO Ch'eng-chih
LIU K'o-p'ing
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)
WU Hsiu-ch'uan
Secretary General LIU Ning-i
Deputy Secretary General CH'EN Han-sheng
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Chinese delegates to the
Conference of Asian Coun-
tries, New Delhi, 6-10
April 1955, where the ASC
was formed, were
CHANG Jui-fang
CHANG Ming-pang
CHANG Shui-hua
CHAO Feng
CH'EN Han-sheng
CH'EN Ching-yu
CHENG Sheng-yu (CHEN Shen-yu)
CHI Hsien-lin
CHIEN Te
CHIEN-Ts an-Cha-Pa
CHIN Chung-hua
CH'U T'u-nan
CHU Tzu-chi
KUO Shan-chin
LI Yu-ying
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)
T'IEN Hui-chen
Delegates to the 1955 World Peace Assembly at Helsinki, from Syria,
Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and Sudan, later visited China and were guests of
the China Peace Committee, the China Islamic Association, Chinese Asso-
ciation for the Promotion of the Hui People's Culture, and prominent
Chinese Moslems in Peking.
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE. FOR THE PROMOTION OF TRADE (IC PT)
China Committee for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT)
The ICPT was founded following the Moscow Economic Conference in
1952 as the Committee for the Promotion of International Trade to fur-
ther and coordinate the efforts of the various national committees or-
ganized to foster trade between the West, with its private enterprise,
and the bloc, with its government-controlled, centrally-planned econom-
ic system. One of its primary objectives was to try to overcome the
effects of the COCOM and CIIINCOM embargoes.
In October 1956, decision was taken to disband the ICPT and the ICPT
press organ, International Trade, announced its discontinuation in the
July-August 1956 issue. In announcing dissolution of the ICPT, it was
stated that National Committees of this organization are "now sufficient-
ly experienced and in contact with each other to be able to dispense with
an international liaison organization." The decision was reportedly made
by delegates from the French, Soviet, and Communist Chinese National Com-
mittees. It is reported the Vienna headquarters of the ICPT was closed
in the latter part of 1956.
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The China Committee for the Promotion of International Trade had
been affiliated with and was one of the National Committees founding the
International Committee for the Promotion of Trade (ICPT).
Among the officials of the ICPT from Communist China were:
Executive Committee Members CHI Ch'ao-ting
LIU Ning-i
NAN Han-ch'en
LEI Jen-min
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COMMUNIST CHINA'S CULTURAL OFFENSIVE AND FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS
In conducting Communist China's cultural offensive against the free
world the CCP's United Front tactics are carried out through numerous of-
ficial and unofficial channels. Government organs available to it for
this purpose include the Ministry of Culture, the Commission of Overseas
Chinese Affairs, the cultural and trade sections of diplomatic installa-
tions abroad, the Second Staff Office (Culture and Education) of the State
Council, the New China News Agency, the Broadcasting Administration Bu-
reau, and the Liaison Bureau for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries.
Among the "unofficial" organizations which have been formed or adapted by
the United Front Department in order to meet the requirements of the cul-
tural offensive are the propaganda organs of the satellite parties, the
international liaison departments of the larger people's and front organ-
izations, and the Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with
Foreign Countries (ACRFC).
The ACRFC is treated separately because of its distinctive role in
the cultural offensive. Behind the front which it provides, the CCP,
through its United Front and Propaganda Departments, maintains an active
relationship with China friendship societies throughout the free world.
CHINESE PEOPLE'S ASSOCIATION FOR CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
(ACRFC)
The Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign
Countries was founded on 3 May 1954, in Peking, at a meeting presided
over by KUO Mo-jo. According to the New China News Agency, its purpose
is "to develop still further the friendly relations between the Chinese
people and the people of various other countries and to promote cultural
exchange between them."
Orginally the association was sponsored by 10 "people's organizations"
representing various cultural and professional fields. These organiza-
tions were: (1) China Peace Committee; (2) All China Federation of Litera-
ture and Arts Circles; (3) All China Federation of Scientific Societies;
(4) All China Federation of Trade Unions; (5) All China Federation of-Dem-
ocratic Women; (6) All China Federation of Democratic Youth; (7) All China
Students' Federation; (8) China-India Friendship Association; (9) China-
Burma Friendship Association; and (10) the Chinese People's Institute of
Foreign Affairs.
In terms of political affiliation, the board of directors of ACRFC
appears to be about evenly divided among Communist, and minority party
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leaders and "nonpartisans." Among the 50 members whose political affili-
ation is definitely known or fairly certain, 30 are Communist Party mem-
bers while approximately the same number belong to the China Democratic
League, the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and other minority par-
ties. Among the other 122 board members there are probably some other
Communist Party members, but most of them are probably what the Chinese
Communists call "democratic nonpartisans." A large number of the ACRFC
officials are active members of one or another of the friendship associa-
tions in Communist China.
The ACRFC must not be confused with the Liaison Bureau for Cultural
Relations with Foreign Countries, a government organ under the State Coun-
cil, nor with the Government Ministry of Culture, both of which deal di-
rectly, on a government-to-government basis, with counterpart organs of
the USSR and Sino-Soviet bloc countries (usually under formal cultural
cooperation agreements) in handling exchanges of cultural delegations
between these countries and Communist China. It is significant that
CH'EN Chung-thing, secretary general of the ACRFC, is also acting head
of the Liaison Bureau for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries.
The main body of this section is limited to a description and analy-
sis of the relationship which exists between the ACRFC and the China
friendship societies.
The roster of officers, standing committee and board of directors of
ACRFC is as follows:
Officers:
Chairman
Vice Chairmen
Secretary General
CH'U T'u-nan
TING Hsi-lin
YANG Han-sheng
CHAO I-min
CH'EN Chung-ching
Deputy Secretaries General
WU Hua-chih
CHU Po-shen
Members, Standing Committee:
AI Ssu-ch'i
CHI Ch'ao-ting
JUNG Kao-t'ang
MA Yu-huai
BURHAN
CHU Ko-chen
LAO She
OU T'ang-liang
CHANG Hsi-Jo
FAN Ch'ang-
LIAO Ch'eng-
PAI Hsi-chting
CHAO Feng
chiang
chih
SA Kung-liao
CH.'EN Han-sheng
HSIAO San
LIU Kuan-i
TING L}~
CH'EN I
HU Yu-chip
LIU Ning-i
TUNG Yueh-ch'ien
CHENG Chen-to
HUA Chun-wu
LU Ts'ui
WU Yao-tsung
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Y
Other Members, Board of Directors:
AI Ta-yen
HSIEH Ping-hsin
NI Fei-ch'un
An-ni-wa-erh
HSIUNG Fu
OUYANG Yu-ch'ien
CH'AI Tse-min
HSIUNG Hsiang-hui
PAI Shou-i
CHANG Chung-shih
HSU Kuang-ping
Ping-ts'o-wang-chieh
CHANG T'ieh-sheng
HSU P'.ing-yu
SHAO Tsung-han
CHAO Fu-san
HS8EH Ch'iao
SUN Hsiao-ts'un
CHAO P'u-ch'u
HUA Lo-keng
TAI Ai-lien
CH'EN Huang-mei
HUANG Hsien-fan
TANG Ming-hhao
CH'EN K'ang-pai
JEN Pai-ko
TENG To
CH' EN Yfi
K'O Chung-p'ing
T'IEN Han
CH'I Pai-shih
KUO Mo-jo
T'IEN Te-min
CHIAO Chu-yin
KUO P'eng
TING Ling
CH'IEN Chun-jui
LAI Shao-ch'i
TS'AI Ch'u-sheng
CH'IEN TuQLn-sheng
LI Chan-wu
TS'AI Jo-hung
CH'IEN Wei-ch'ang
LI Chun-wu
TS'AO Jih-ch'ang
CHOU Li-po
LI Fu-jen
TS'AO Meng-chun
CHOU Wei-chih
LI Hsieh-po
TS'AO Ming
CHOU Yang
LI I-mang
TS'AO Yu
CHU Hsi-hsien
LI Kuei-sen
T'U Ch'ang-wang
CHU Po-shen
LI Te-ch'uan
WANG Ya-p'ing
FAN Wen-Ian
LIU K'ai-chu
WANG Yun-sheng
FANG Chi
LIU Pai-yu
WU Hsueh-ch'ien
FU Lien-chang
LIU Tsun-ch'i
WU Leng-hsi
HA-feng-a
LU Chi
WU Mao-sun
HO Ch'eng-hsiang
MA Ssu-ts'ung
WU Wen-t'ao
HO Ch' i -fang
MA Yin-ch'u
WU Yun-fu
HO Lu-ting
MAO Tun
YU Hsin-ch'ing
HO Ting
MEI I
YU Lan
HSIA Yen
MEI Lan-fang
YUAN Hsueh-fen
MENG Po
YUAN Shui-pai
(Note: The officers and standing committee members listed above are
also members of the board of directors.)
CHINA FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS IN NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES
China (Communist) friendship organizations are known to exist in at
least the 25 countries covered individually in subsequent pages. In 19
other countries friendship groups have been reported, but little or no
data on members are available. In some countries they are known by other
titles, as, for example, the Center of Cultural and Economic Relations
between China and Italy, located in Rome, and the Chilean-China Cultural
Institute, with headquarters in Santiago. The words "friendship" and
"cultural" are used because they are obviously inoffensive and unobtru-
sive terms behind which the real purposes of these organizations may be
concealed.
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The typical China friendship society was formed by members of the
local Communist Party, and CP front groups with help from the Chinese
Communist embassy, where one exists, some local representative group of
Chinese, and citizens of the country concerned who have lived in or vis-
ited China. An attempt is made to conceal Communist sponsorship and con-
trol, usually by placing popular non-Communist political leaders, legis-
lators, businessmen, educators, scientists, and other professional fig-
ures in prominent friendship society positions. Actual control is exer-
cised by Communist Party or fellow traveler members who hold less con-
spicuous posts in the organization.
The primary function of each of the China friendship societies is to
pressure the local government to relax its internal security measures and
to obtain diplomatic recognition for the Peking government. Where recog-
nition has already been extended, the friendship society campaigns for
closer cultural and economic ties with Communist China.
In countries which have not recognized the Peking government, the
friendship society often performs some embassy-type functions on behalf
of the Chinese Communists. This responsibility was stressed by a member
of the Chilean-China Cultural Institute who returned in 1955 from a visit
to China. During his visit he had met with CHOU En-lai and other high-
ranking officials who had praised the work of the Institute and empha-
sized its importance as a link between China and "progressive forces"
not only in Chile, but throughout Latin America.
In their efforts to promote the interests of the Peking government
and to undermine local resistance to Communism, these friendship socie-
ties sponsor a variety of overt activities. Among these are included:
a.
Public exhibits of Chinese handicraft, arts, and
drama.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lecture tours by persons returning from visits to
Motion pictures filmed in China.
Construction of China friendship auditoriums.
Holding China friendship weeks.
China.
f.
Publication and distribution of propaganda materials.
g.
Sponsoring group and individual trips to China,.
h.
Receptions for visiting Chinese delegations.
i.
Radio programs.
Relief work among overseas Chinese.
k.
Celebrations of Chinese Communist national holidays.
THE ACRFC AND ITS RELATIONS WITH THE FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS
The ACRFC was formed in May 1954, its stated purpose being to pro-
mote cultural exchanges between China and other countries. Like all other
fronts, it is firmly under CCP control. The presence on its executive
committee of senior CCP propaganda specialists suggests joint subordina-
tion to the CCP's United Front and Propaganda Departments.
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A survey of its overt activities since January 1955 reveals that the
ACRFC works very closely with all the China friendship societies. Rela-
tions with China friendship societies such as those in India, Burma, Egypt,
Japan, Nepal, Indonesia, and Pakistan are handled through counterpart
friendship associations which have been set up in China.
Since it was established in May 1954, ACRFC has, among its activi-
a. Invited and received delegations of scholars, scientists, cul-
tural figures, etc., from Japan, India, Indonesia, Norway, Sweden, Den-
mark, France, Italy, Tunisia, Great Britain, New Zealand, Finland, Ice-
land, Egypt, Australia, and many other non-Communist nations. (May 1954-
July 1956)
b. Held exhibits of Chinese arts and crafts in Pakistan, India,
and Indonesia. (January-April 1955)
c. Sent a talented Chinese opera troupe to perform in the major
European cities. (June 1955-May 1956)
d. Sent a four-man delegation to visit Chile and Argentina. (July-
August 1954)
e. Signed an agreement in November 1955 with the National League
for the Protection of the Constitution in Japan providing for the es-
tablishment in Tokyo of a liaison organization to keep in close touch
with the ACRFC, distribute propaganda material, and accelerate cultural
exchanges between the two countries. This Japanese organization began to
function in March 1956, and now serves as the clearing house for exchanges
of delegations between Japan and Communist China.
f. Sent a Chinese opera group to perform in Japan (mid-1956).
g. Sent an opera troupe to Chile, Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay,
in late 1956, under the leadership of CH'U T'u-nan, chairman of the ACRFC.
The performances were sponsored in Chile by the Chilean-China Cultural
Institute (ICCC), particularly by Senator Salvador ALLENDE Gossens, who
had seen the opera company perform during his trip to the USSR and China.
The Chilean Communist Party made maximum propaganda use of this visit.
Gifts were presented to Chilean officials, and they were invited to visit
Peking. Whether the deficit resulting from the opera's performances was
made up from Communist Chinese funds or partly from funds raised by the
Chilean Communist Party and the ICCC is not known.
The above constitute the majority of the ACRFC's publicized activi-
ties during 1955-1956. All were conducted in conjunction with China
friendship societies in the countries listed. For example, the reception
and local arrangements for the ACRFC delegation which visited Argentina
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and Chile, in 1954, were handled by the Argentine Association of Chinese
Culture and the Chilean-China Cultural Institute; the delegations from
Japan, France, Norway, etc., were selected and accompanied by officials of
China friendship societies in these countries; the tour of the Chinese
opera troupe in Europe was co-sponsored and entertained by China friend-
ship societies in the countries visited; representatives from the Japan-
China Friendship Society were among those signing the agreement with the
ACRFC on cultural exchange, and the Japan-China Friendship Society co-
sponsored, along with the ACRFC, the visit of the MEI Lan-fang opera group
to Japan. In most cases the delegations were headed by officers or mem-
bers of the board of directors of the ACRFC.
The fact that its publicized activities are conducted in conjunction
with China friendship societies in non-Communist countries reflects the
very close relationship between the ACRFC and the friendship societies.
While the exact nature of this relationship is not immediately apparent,
the scope and timing of the various joint undertakings listed and the
precision with which they are executed indicate that the relationship is
more than one of close coordination. Furthermore, the expense of the
operations conducted by the various China friendship societies, when meas-
ured against the critical financial status of these organizations and
their parent Communist Parties, suggests the likelihood they are financed
or at least supported from Peking. Thus, on the basis of an analysis of
the overt activities of the ACRFC and the friendship societies, there are
strong reasons to believe that China friendship societies in non-Communist
countries are supported by, and to a considerable extent directed, by the
ACRFC, an ancillary of the CCP United Front and Propaganda Departments.
USE OF FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS FOR PROPAGANDA PURPOSES
The following New China News Agency dispatch illustrates the propa-
ganda usage of the friendship associations and the delegations they spon-
sor:
"Jakarta, August 15, 1956--Soong Ch'ing-ling, vice chairman of
the standing committee of the Chinese National People's Congress,
this morning received leaders of the Indonesia-China Friendship As-
sociation at the State palace. Present were chairman of the associ-
ation, Professor Prijono, and Mrs. Prijono, all the leaders of the
association, wife of air chief of staff, Mrs. Suriadarma, wife of
second deputy speaker of the Parliament, Mrs. Arundji Kartawinata,
leaders of women's organizations in Jakarta, women's representatives
of the All-Indonesia People's Congress, secretary general of the All-
Indonesia People's Congress Hanafi, chairman of the Association for
Indonesia-Soviet Cultural Exchange Werdojo, and others.
"Also present were the Chinese Ambassador and Mrs. Huang Chen,
deputy secretary general of the standing committee of the Chinese
National People's Congress, Chang Sun, and leader of the Peking acro-
batic troupe, Hua Chia.
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"Professor Prijono said in his welcoming speech that it was
impossible to describe how happy the Indonesian people were when
they knew of the arrival of Soong Ching-ling. The Indonesian people,
inspired by the spirit of the Bandung conference, were willing to be
friendly with other peoples and march side by side with them toward
lasting world peace. He said that the Indonesia-China Friendship
Association under his leadership had become an inalienable part of
the rank of Indonesian people marching ahead. It had been well-de-
veloped in good cooperation with the China-Indonesia Friendship
Association in Peking. He believed that the visit of SOONG Ching-
ling, together with the arrival of the Chinese friendship delegation
headed by Sheikh Nur Mohammed TA Pu-sheng and the Peking acrobatic
troupe led by HUA Chia, would be helpful for the work of the Indo-
nesia-China Friendship Association, and work for better mutual under-
standing and closer friendship between the two peoples."
INDIVIDUAL CHINA FRIENDSHIP ASSOCIATIONS
Very little has been reported on the organization, functioning and
personnel of some of the China friendship associations, particularly those
in the Sino-Soviet bloc. In North Vietnam and North Korea friendship
groups are known to exist but little is known about them. In May 1957 a
Polish Communist leader told of plans to form a Poland-China Friendship
Association. A Sino-Soviet Friendship Association, for which a membership
of over 50,000,000 is presently claimed, was founded in Communist China in
1950. However, no Soviet-Chinese Friendship Association was.formalized
until October 1957, when it was launched with much fanfare. Ivan A. ANDRE-
YEV, member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was named
president; and vice-presidents include A. S. PEREVERTALLO, N. S. TIKHONOV,
and P. A. SATUKOV. Aleksandr PANYUSHKIN, former Ambassador to Nationalist
China (1939-191+5), to the United States (1947-1952), and to Communist China
(1952-1953), was among those elected to the executive board. POPOVA, head
of the All-Union (USSR) Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Coun-
tries, took a prominent part in launching this new association. Its func-
tions will probably be similar to those of the SSFA, a mass organization
used to sell the USSR and Communist bloc solidarity to the Chinese people.
A Sino-Albanian Friendship Association has been reported with CH'IEN Chun-
jui as secretary general.
While a number of other China friendship or cultural groups in non-
Communist countries have been mentioned in the press and in broadcasts,
few or no identifying data as to their membership or activities are avail-
able. The following are some of those mentioned, but the degree to which
they have been formalized and the extent of their activites is not known:
Afghanistan
Austria
Cambodia (only member identified is Andre MIGOT)
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Canada (Chinese Canadian Welfare Association, Toronto. Not to be
confused with the non-Communist Chinese Canadian Association,
also in Toronto)
Ecuador
Greece (Union of Friends of New China)
Laos
Lebanon
Netherlands (Netherlands-China Association)
New Zealand (Sent a 5-man delegation to Communist China, September 1957)
Norway.(Norway-People's Democracies Friendship Society, of which there is
a China Committee)
Panama
Peru
Sudan
Switzerland
Thailand
Tunisia (one Ben ALEYA has been mentioned as president of a Tunisia-
China Association)
Union of South Africa (Friends of China Society)
Uruguay
In this country the front organization is known as the Argentine As-
sociation of Chinese Culture (Associacion Argentina de Cultura China), and
its secretary is Serafina WARSCHAVER DE GIUDICE. Juan C. CASTIGNINO is
reported to be one of the vice presidents of the association. This as-
sociation published a magazine, Cultura China, but planned to discontinue
it and replace it with a monthly or bi-monthly bulletin, Informativo Chino.
The association received magazines from Communist China for sale in Argen-
tina. The association has sections for economics, newspapers, and litera-
ture, art, the theater, and youth.
A medical delegation headed by ARGONZ was in Communist China in May
1956, on invitation of the China Medical Association. A cultural delega-
tion headed by Americo NUNZIATA was there at the same time, having been
invited by the ACRFC. Both delegations left for Moscow, 29 May 1956.
M. Carlos GUASTAVINO, Argentine composer and pianist, was in Shanghai,
in June 1952, on invitation of the ACRFC.
The association sponsored an exhibit in Buenos Aires, in May 1956, of
the paintings of Jose VENTURELLI, a Communist who had spent 2 years in
Communist China.
Informativo Chino, an official bulletin of the Association, announced
that Lino Eneas SPILIMBERGO, Argentine painter and member of the Argentine
Communist peace front organization, had been invited to visit China, in
1956, by HUA Chun-wu, secretary of the Association of Chinese Fine Arts.
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There have been references to an Australia-China Friendship Society.
Michael LINDSAY is reported as secretary and a Reverend Anderson, chair-
man of the Sydney Peace Assembly, was on a welcoming committee for a the-
atrical troupe which was in Australia, in November 1956.
The ACRFC sponsored and financed the trip of an 11-man cultural dele-
gation to Communist China, in May 1956, headed by C.P. Fitzgerald, presi-
dent of the Australia-China Society and professor of Far East history at
the Australian National University.
A trade union delegation headed by Frank PURSE spent a month in April-
May 1956, in China, as guests of the All China Federation of Trade Unions.
Another member of this delegation was Stan MORAN, treasurer of the Water-
side Workers' Federation of Australia, Sydney branch.
A trade delegation from Australia visited Peking for the 1956 May
Day celebrations. In statements made by delegation members, "friend-
ship and unity" with Communist China was stressed.
A delegation of Chinese Communist journalists was in Australia, in
November 1956.
A 1--man Chinese trade union delegation headed by CHAO Kuo-chiang,
chief of the Chinese Heavy Industry Workers Trade Union, toured Australia,
in April-May 1956. Peking Radio stated, "On May 6 the Chinese delegation,
as well as the Soviet trade unionists, were cheered by May Day paraders
marching along Sydney streets shouting slogans for peace and establishment
of normal relations with China and the Soviet Union." The welcome for
this delegation was sponsored by the Australia-China Society.
No China-Australia Friendship Association in China has been identi-
fied. The following 2 persons are prominent among those identified with
the overseas Chinese in Australia:
LIAO Sheng--Former proprietor of the Nanking Lau Restaurant in Syd-
ney and responsible member of the Overseas Tungkuan Association
in Sydney, who was elected a delegate representing Overseas Chi-
nese to the National People's Congress in 1954.
CH'EN Jen-i (CH'EN Jen-ni)--Member of the Australia Branch of the
Commission of Overseas Chinese Affairs.
BELGIUM
China-Belgium Friendship Association
None identified.
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Belgium-China Friendship Association (Association Bezique-Chine, Amities
Beiges-Chinoises, or ABC)
Founded 28 November 1956 at a meeting of 65 persons, the Association
Belgique-Chine (ABC), or the Belgian-Chinese Association, claimed to have
125 members and planned to publish a monthly bulletin to promote and de-
velop cultural, scientific, and economic relations, and to handle the in-
vitation and entertainment of delegations from Communist China.
The board of directors elected to serve for 3 years is made up of
Marthe Deguent, Robert Hamaide, Georges Smets, Ernest De Vleeschouwer,
and Arthur Wauters.
Proceeds from a performance of the Peking Circus given in Antwerp,
in January 1957, were donated to the ABC. The association sponsored the
Belgian Economic Mission to Communist China, in April-May 1957, and a
Belgian Cultural Mission, in June 1957?
Camille HUYSMANS--Honorary president of the association; Minister of
State and President of the Belgian Chamber of Deputies; member
of a parlimentary delegation to Communist China, October 1956.
George SMETS--Probably president of the association; former rector
at the Free University of Brussels; head of a 13-member cultural
delegation to Communist China, in May 1956.
Jacques VAN der SCHUEREN--Liberal member of the Belgian Chamber of
Deputies; leader of the Federation of Belgian Industries delega-
tion which visited Communist China, September-October 1955.
Robert HAMAIDE--Lawyer at the Court of Appeals, Brussels; member of
a Belgian delegation of lawyers visiting Communist China, April
1956; named in a Radio Peking broadcast as a vice president of
the ABC.
Maurice HEIBER--Vice President of the Belgian Committee for the De-
velopment of International Trade.
Martha DEGUENT--Daughter of Camille Huysmans; a member of the execu-
tive committee of the Belgian Union for Defense of Peace; member
of a peace delegation visiting Communist China, October 1956.
Roland Jules DURVIAUX--Member of the Societe Coloniale Anversoise;
an administrator of Comptoir Coloniale et Commerciale; member
of the Federation of Belgian Industries delegation to Communist
China, September-October 1955?
Karel BUYSAERT--Represents Liberal Party in Antwerp town council;
business man.
Arthur WAUTERS--Former Ambassador from Belgium to USSR.
Ernest P. De VLEESCHOUER--One of directors of Ateliers de Construc-
tions Electriques de Charleroi.
Rene DEKKERS--University professor.
Aguste De BLOCK--Socialist member of Senate.
Luc HAESAERTS
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Others reported among the members of the association are:
Frederic DAHLMAN--Regional Director of Ateliers de Constructions
Electriques de Charleroi (ACEC) and representative of the Far East
branch of ACEC in China, 1936-1949; member of the Federation of
Belgium Industries delegation to Communist China, September-Octo-
ber 1955; visited Communist China, May 1957.
Edgard PONCELET--Member of the Communist Party of Belgium.
Professor LAVACRERIE--Professor at the Free University of Brussels.
Joseph HERS
Cornelium DE HAAN--Member of the staff of firm, Sogemar, S.A.
Elisabeth GRISAR--Administrator of the firm, Sogemar, S.A.
Jacques de GROOT--Member of the staff of firm, Sogemar, S.A.
Edgard LALMAND--Member of the Central Committee, Communist Party of
Belgium; member of Belgian Chamber of Deputies; member, parliamen-
tary delegation visiting Communist China, October 1956.
(Fnu) RENARD-=Member of the Societe Generale de Belgique; Member of
the Federation of Belgian Industries delegation to Communist China,
September-October 1955.
Max VERBIST--Administrator of the Societe Gavaert of Mortsel; member
of the Federation of Belgian Industries delegation to Communist
China, September-October 1955.
Rachel HOLENDER--Member of Central Committee of Belgian Communist
Party.
Dr. Marcel DELVIGNE--Member of the Belgian Union for Defense of Peace
delegation to Communist China, October 1956.
Marcel SNUSNY
(Fnu) Van den DRIES
Among those who have traveled to Communist China on trade delegations
and who may be affiliated with the ABC are:
Xavier RELECOM--Vice President, Belgium International Trade Promotion
Committee; manager of the firm Tracosa, S.A.; member of Belgian
Communist Party.
(Fnu) MIPPLEMAN--Businessman.
Maurice SOUDAN
Charles SOMERS--Member of the staff of firm, Sogemar, S.A.
Jacques GRIPPA--Member of Belgian Communist Party; associated with
Polish Shipping Agency, Ltd.
Baron Antoine ALLARD--Connected with Belgian Committee for the De-
velopment of International Trade.
Among the members of the cultural delegation to Communist China, in
April-May 1957, who may be affiliated with the ABC are:
Marcel POOT--Director of the Brussels Music Academy.
Paul HAESAERTS--Associated with motion pictures.
Jacques HUYSMANS--Director of the National Theater Association.
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BRAZIL
China-Brazil Friendship Association
None identified.
Brazilian-Chinese Cultural Society (Sociedade Cultural Sino-Brasileira)
This association, with headquarters in Rio de Janeiro, was founded
about 1954. Its officers have been reported to be:
Professor Mario FABIAO--President.
Professor Samuel PESSOA--Vice President.
Abel CHERMONT--Vice President.
Henrique FIALHO--Vice President.
In 1956 a similar association was established in Sao Paulo. Among
its leaders were Alberto CAVALCANTI and Samuel Barnsley PESSOA.
China-Burma Friendship Association (CBFA)
CHENG Chen-to--Chairman of CBFA; Vice Minister of Culture; member
of Standing Committee, ACRFC.
CH'IEN Wei-ch'ang--Vice Chairman of CBFA; member of the Board of
Directors of ACRFC.
CH'IEN San-ch'iang--Vice Chairman. of CBFA; nuclear physicist; WFTU;
Executive Committee, WFSW.
CH'EN Chung-ching--Acting Director of Liaison Bureau for Cultural
Relations with Foreign Countries under the State Council; mem-
ber, Standing Committee of CBFA; Secretary General of ACRFC.
HSIAO Kang--Chief of Burma branch of COCA.
HUANG Chang-shui--Represented overseas Chinese in Burma at CPPCC,
1949; Vice Chairman, ACFICA; Vice Chairman, Canton FROCA; Chair-
man, Canton Investment Corporation; member, ASC; Standing Com-
mittee, CDNCA; member, National Committee, CPPCC.
LO Chang-p'ei--Member of CBFA.
LO K'ai-fu (Da-,id LOA, David K'ai-fu LOA)--Member of CBFA.
NI Fei-ch'un (f)--Member of Standing Committee, CBFA; member,
Board of Directors, ACRFC; accompanied Peking Opera Troupe on
tour through Europe and South America, in 1956, as 1 of 3 sec-
retaries.
SHAO Tsung-han--Member., Board of Directors, CBFA; journalist and
editor; member, Board of Directors, ACRFC.
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TENG T'o--Member, Standing Committee, CBFA; President, ACFJ; mem-
ber, Board of Directors, ACRFC and SSFA.
TI Ch'ao-pai--Member, Standing Committee, CBFA; Deputy Chief, In-
stitute of Economics, Peking.
TS'AO Yu--Member, Standing Committee, CBFA; Deputy Director, Cen-
tral Institute of Drama under Ministry of Culture; member of
Union of Chinese Writers, ACFLAC and CPC; attended "Conference
to Ban Atomic Bombs," in Japan, August 1956.
TUNG Yueh-ch'ien--Director of Staff Office and International Or-
ganizations and Conferences Office, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
PIFA; member, Standing Committee, ACRFC.
Burma-China Friendship Association
Thakin Kodaw HMAING--Honorary Chairman.
Dr. U Sin Pho (HSIN Po or SIN Pho)--Chairman.
U Thein Pe Myint--Vice Chairman.
U Tun Wai--Secretary and executive committee member.
B. CAWANA
CHANG Chin-hsui--Head of Oriental Trading Co., Rangoon.
CHI Shu-wen--Editor; educator; elected delegate National People's
Congress, 1954.
DAW KHIN CHIT
DAW MA MA LAY (f )
HSU Ssu-min (C. SuBim, SUBIN)--Publisher; Secretary General,
Rangoon Chinese Chamber of Commerce; elected delegate to
Chinese Communist National People's Congress, 1954.
LEI Pi-shu--Officiated at a reception given for CHOU En-lai and
party on their visit to Burma in December 1956, by Chinese
residents in Rangoon.
LI Yen-hang--Chairman, Burma-China Association of Businessmen
and Industrialists.
U ANUNG HLA
U KO KO LAY
U Tun Shien
U Shwe Pyu
U Nyar Na
Professor Tha Hla--Headed a delegation of the Burma-China Friend-
ship Association to Communist Cnina, May 1957.
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CEYLON
China-Ceylon Friendship Association
None identified.
The first official trade delegation was sent from China to Ceylon,
in August 1956, and signed a trade agreement.
Ceylon-China Friendship Association (Colombo)
S.P. AMARASINGRAM--Secretary of the association.
Mrs. Theja GUNAWARDENA (GOONEWARDENE)--President of the association;
criticized Ceylon Minister of Commerce for preventing contacts
with Chinese Communist trade delegation which was in Ceylon, in
December 1956; chairman of the Ceylon Peace Committee.
A.D. JAYASEKARA--Headed delegation of National Teachers Union of
Ceylon to China, in May 1956.
K.M.P. RAJARATNE--Identified only as one of the officials.
CHILE
China-Chile Friendship Association
Members not identified, if such an organization exists.
Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute (Instituto Chileno-Chino de Cultura)
(ICCC)
Organized in 1952.
Officers and members are as follows:
Angel CRUCHAGA Santa Maria--Honorary President; returned from trip
to Communist China, early 1956.
Salvador ALLENDE Gossens--President; Chilean Senator; head of Social-
ist Party of Chile; delegate to National Conference of Frente de
Accion Popular (FRAP), December 1956.
Benjamin SUN Marjen--Member, ICCC Public Relations Committee; China-
born businessman; owner of Restaurant Danubio Azul, Santiago.
Juan MARTINEZ Camps--Vice President; pro-Communist Federal Deputy of
the Radical Party of Chile; delegate to National Conference of
Frente de Accion Popular (FRAP), December 1956; delegate to WPC-
sponsored conference in Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957.
Luis A. SEPULVEDA--Secretary General; railway employee; former Sec-
retary General of Institute of Chilean-Soviet Culture.
Ramon GONZALEZ Santa Maria--Secretary for propaganda and culture;
architect.
Sergio INSUNZA Barrios--Secretary of ICCC public relations; lawyer;
visited Communist China, in 1956.
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Enrique GOMEZ Correa--Lawyer; president of the Association of Demo-
cratic Lawyers; Cultural Secretary of ICCC.
Carlos CONTRERAS Labarca--Member, ICCC Cultural Committee; lawyer;
member of Central Committee of Communist Party of Chile.
Julio ALEGRIA--Member, ICCC Public Relations Committee; member, Cen-
tral Union de Trabajadores de Chile.
Juan Emilio PACULL Torchia--Director of ICCC; President of Circulo de
Periodistas; traveled to Communist China in 1956.
Vladimir CHI-VAN--Former Treasurer; grocer in Santiago.
Maria FIGUEROA Gonzales--Assistant Treasurer.
German TANG--Member of ICCC financial committee; aide to Treasurer;
owner of Restaurant Los Peruanos, Santiago.
Arturo ALLENDE Marin--Member of ICCC Cultural Committee; employee
of the Banco del Estado.
Josefina FAIVOVICH--Assistant Treasurer.
Felix CHAU--Financial Secretary.
Carlos NASCIMENTO--Director; owner of book store.
Pedro Ariel MARTINEZ Baeza--ICCC Culture and Propaganda Committee;
employee of Banco del Estado, Recoleta Branch.
Juan AHUMADA Trigo--ICCC Cultural and Propaganda Committee; visited
Communist China, 1952; elected March 1957, to Chilean Congress of
Deputies; labor leader; Secretary of Federation of Agricultural
Workers.
Alfonso GONZALEZ Dagnino--Physician, author; formerly active in Par-
tido Socialista.
Carlos VICUNA Fuentes--Lawyer; Vice President of Colezio de Abogados;
made trip to USSR and Communist China in 1956, with lawyer dele-
gation.
Gilberto BACKSANG Van--Public relations committeeman.
Juan SEPULVEDA Canales--Public relations committeeman; chauffeur.
Leonor MONTESINO--Public relations committeeman.
Roberto LEON May--Public relations committeeman.
Adolfo FAIVOVICH
Mireya LAFUENTE Vergara
Hector GAJARDO Zuniga
Nancy MONTESINO
Alvara REYES Bazan--Physician-surgeon; also connected with Soviet,
Bulgarian, Rumanian Cultural Institutes.
Pedro ORTHUS--Director, Experimental Theater, University of Chile.
Jose VENTURELLI--Painter; spent two years in China sponsored by ICCC.
Delia de VENTURELLI--Wife of Jose Venturelli.
Thelma GANDY--Palm reader and fortune teller.
Ricardo CHANSAN Lan--China-born; possibly a vice president of ICCC.
Humberto BANDERAS Wilson--Lawyer.
Juman LEY Wong--Chinese student in Santiago; paid secretary of ICCC;
active among Communist Chinese youth in Santiago.
Lorenzo YONG (YON, YOUNG) Chan--China-born; employee at Restaurant
Danubio Azul, Santiago.
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Isidro LIPSCHITZ Salita--Doctor of radiology; Professor, University
of Chile; travelled to USSR and China.
Efraim BARQUERO--Poet.
Ines MORENO--Actress.
Claudio Acuna de CONTRERAS--Wife of Carlos CONTRERAS Labarca; member
of ICCC Financial Committee.
Silva LOBOS de Leon
Domingo PIGA Dacchen--Italian-born; with Experimental Theater, Uni-
versity of Chile; WPC delegate in 1952.
Luis Enrique DELANO--Director of' CP weekly, Vistazo; invited to visit
China.
Clodomiro FIGUEROA Ubilla--Member of the Association of Democratic
Lawyers; visited Communist China, late 1956.
Luis PADILLA Padilla--One of organizers of ICCC branch in Chillan;
railway union leader.
Nino COLLI--Argentine musician residing in Chile.
Esteban DELGADILLO--Left April 1956, for trip to China and Czecho-
slovakia; member of Communist Party of Chile; labor union leader.
Rene ASTORQUIZA--Engineer; President, Provisional Committee in Con-
cepcion, Chile, of Partisans of Peace.
Enrique WONG Hing--Grocer in Antofagasta.
Angel CHIANG Wong--Partner of Benjamin SUN Marjen in Restaurant Dan-
ubio Azul, Santiago; grocer.
David IZAMIT--Evangelical pastor.
The ICC has sponsored delegations to China, arranged for showing of
Chinese films in Chile, held various cultural meetings in Santiago and
Valparaiso, sponsored the writing and publications of books and poems ded-
icated to Chile-China friendship, and promoted a tour of the Peking Opera
Company in 1956. The ICC publishes China Popular monthly.
A group of nine Chileans visited Communist China, in late 1956, many
of them members of the Chilean Association of Democratic Lawyers. This
group included: Professor Ruhen OYARZUN G. of the University of Chile;
Carlos VICUNA FUENTES; Rene FRIAS Ojeda, Secretary of the Chilean-Czecho-
slovakian Cultural Institute, labor leader, and member of the Communist
Party of Chile; Enrique GOMEZ Correa; and Carlos CONTRERAS Labarca.
DENMARK
China-Denmark Friendship Association
None thus far identified.
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Denmark Society for Cultural Contact with China (Dansk-Kinesisk-Selskab)
Headquarters of this organization, also called the Danish-Chinese
Society, is in Copenhagen, and it is believed to have about 300 members.
It is not to be confused with the non-Communist Danish-Chinese Associa-
tion, which is non-political. Many members of the Denmark Society for
Cultural Contact with China are connected with the Danish Communist Party.
Hans HANSEN--Chairman; headed cultural delegation to China Septem-
ber-October 1955.
Christian Hermann JENSEN--Secretary.
Poul HANSEN--Treasurer.
China-Egypt Friendship Association (Sino-Egyptian Friendship Associa-
tion
Formally set up in November 1956 under sponsorship of ACRFC, CISA,
CPC, ACDWF, ACFDY, ACFTU, PIFA, ACFLAC, ACFSS, CCPIT, and four other
front organizations. At the same time the same organizations formed a
"Chinese People's Committee to Support Egypt's Resistance against Aggres-
sion."
BURHAN (PAO Erh-han)--President; also Chairman of China Islamic
Association, and chairman of the China Indonesia FA.
TA P'u-sheng (Shiekh Nur Mohammed)--Vice President; also Vice Chair-
man of China Islamic Association.
Yusuf MA Yu-huai--Also Vice Chairman of CINFA; Vice Chairman, China
Islamic Association.
Egypt-China Friendship Association
"This association was founded in January 1958, and elected as
chairman Shayk Ahmad Hasan al-Baquri, Minister for Religious Foundations.
Several "friendship" delegations and cultural delegations have gone
to Egypt under sponsorship of the China Islamic Association, whose vice
chairman, Shiekh Nur Mohammed (TA P'u-sheng), headed one group. In ear-
ly 1956, another Moslem group including Burhan, Yussuf Ma Hwai, and MA
Ha Wai-Yung toured Egypt, the Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Ethiopia. YEH Chi-
chuang, Minister of Foreign Trade, headed a trade delegation to Cairo, in
April 1956. A permanent trade delegation has been set up in Cairo.
Radio Peking told of the "China-Egypt Friendship Song" performed in
Cairo by the Chinese Cultural and Art Delegation and of "friendship slo-
gans" exchanged.
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An Egyptian cultural delegation arrived in Peking, in January 1956,
and was entertained by representatives of the Foreign Ministry, ACRFC,
and China Islamic Association. In the delegation were: Muhammed Abd al-
Latif, who later taught in the Peking Institute of Islamic Theology; Pro-
fessor Ibrahim Amin al-Shawalbi, who lectured on Arabic language at the
same institute; and Bahi al-Din Zayan.
China-Finland Friendship Association
Officers not identified. LIN Hai-yun was head and LI K'o-fu deputy
head of a trade delegation to Finland, in May 1956. In June 1955, CH'U
T'u-nan, chairman of the ACRFC, held a meeting in Helsinki with represent-
atives of China friendship societies from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and
Finland, to plan and coordinate activities of these organizations.
Finnish-Chinese Friendship Association (established June 1951 in Helsinki
as Finno-Chinese Society)
Matti (or Allen) JARVENPAA--Chairman; in early 1956, he enter-
tained a Chinese classical dance ensemble headed by CH'U T'u-
nan, Chairman of ACRFC.
Urho KASONEN (also given as Uhho KAEHOENEN and Urho KAHONEN)--
Reported June and December 1956 as president of the society;
attended a reception for delegates to the International Organ-
ization of Journalists in Helsinki, in June 1956; member Fin-
nish Diet; addressed 5th anniversary meeting of society June
1956, attended by 300 persons.
A Finnish parliamentary delegation representing 6 political parties
arrived in Peking, in June 1956. Head of the delegation was Viejo Johan
SUKSELAINEN, Speaker of the Finnish Diet. Other members were: Irma
Helena KARVIKKO, Impi Lydia LUKKARINEN, Otto Arno TUURNA, Kustaa Rafael
PAASIO, Tahvo Heikki RONKKO, Tor Nils MEINANDER, Esa HEITANEN, Nestori
Matias NURMINEN, Johannes WIRTANEN, Aluri LAINE, and August Olavi SALVERO.
The Communist Chinese propaganda organs publicized this visit as a sign of
friendship between the 2 states.
The Finnish-Chinese Friendship Association sponsored a Chinese film
festival in Helsinki, in January 1957. The Chinese film delegation was
headed by YUAN Hsiao-ping.
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China-France Friendship Association
None identified. Many Chinese Communists now high in Communist Par-
ty and government circles were in France in the 1920's as students and
would be expected to be associated with such a group, if one were formed.
A Chinese Communist cultural delegation, with scientist HOU Te-pang
as its head and CHI Chao-ting as deputy, was in France in June-July 1956.
HOU took particular pains at meetings with important French officials to
state that the visit was "in the interest of Sino-French friendship."
France-China Friendship Association (Amitie Franco-Chinoise)
Headquarters are in Paris and membership is estimated at several
thousand. The association publishes La Chine.
Professor Jean DRESCH--President.
Edouard STORACE--Organizational Secretary.
Jean BASTARD--Administrative Secretary.
Joseph DUCROUX--Treasurer.
The ACRFC sponsored a visit to China, in May 1956, by a French cul-
tural delegation headed by Madame MALATERRE-SELLIER. Another member was
Julien CAIN, director of the French National Library. CHOU En-lai re-
ceived this delegation.
The France-China Friendship Association held a three-day congress at
the Salon Goujon in Paris in December 1957 and elected a 65-member national
committee. Besides Professor DRESCH, it included Georges AUCLAIR, a writer;
Mme. Yves FARGE; and one VERCORS, a writer. The congress pledged to "im-
press upon the French government the need for recognizing the Chinese
People's Republic." Among the speakers at the congress were: Senator Leo
HAMON; General E. PETIT; Mme. Yves FARGE; and Madame LANCHON, assistant di-
rector of cultural relations of the French Foreign Ministry. A documentary
film made by Robert MENNEGOZ in China was shown. Greetings to the congress
were given by representatives of the Britain-China FA, the Association for
Promotion of Italian-Chinese Relations, the Belgium-China Society, and the
Tunisia-China Association.
Sino-British Friendship Association
Reference has been made to such an organization but no members are
identified. Many prominent Chinese Communists were educated in England
and would be expected to be associated with such an association.
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Britain-China Friendship Association
Officials include Jack Dribbon, secretary. Dr. Hewlitt Johnson and
Dr. Joseph Needham were among 160 attending the annual general meeting of
the association in London, 28 April 1957. Stanley Mayne was identified as
vice chairman of the Britain-China Friendship Association in a People's
China dispatch from London, on 16 September 1957.
A "friendship" delegation arrived in Peking, in September 1954, com-
posed of: D. Ivor Davies, Chairman, Robert M. Davies, Vice Chairman, and
Thomas Russell, member of the "national Committee."
A delegation of British jurists visited Communist China, in April
1956, sponsored by the PSLA.
A delegation of the Society of Friends of Britain led by Duncan WOOD
went to China in October 1955, and was feted by various front organizations.
Richard CARLINE was named in the People's Daily, 19 April 1956, as
chairman of the art committee of the Britain-China Friendship Association,
meeting with a delegation of Communist Chinese.
The Britain-China Friendship Association passed a resolution in April
1956, calling for admission of Communist China to the United Nations and
expansion of trade.
A Chinese theatrical group arrived in London, from Italy, in October
1955, and was welcomed by 200 members of the Britain-China Friendship As-
sociation.
Li Te-ch'uan (f) headed a delegation invited to London, in Octo-
ber 1950, by the Britain-China FA.
The Sino-British Club of Hong Kong has sponsored trips of its music
group to Canton and other trips of delegations to Communist China.
CH'EN Tien-shen (aka Sam CHINQUE), of New China News Agency, has long
represented Chinese Communist interests in Britain, even prior to estab-
lishment of a diplomatic mission in 1954. He maintains contact with Com-
munist Chinese in Britain and with the association members.
China-Iceland Friendship Association
Jacob BENEDIKTSSON--Chairman; headed Icelandic Cultural delegation
to China, in September 1956.
EIRIKSDOTTIR-THORVALDSSON--Iceland delegate to China Peace Commit-
tee in Peking, May 1955.
Rannveig TOMOASDITT'ER--Iceland delegate to China Peace Committee
meeting, May 1955.
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This association entertained, 25 August 1955, for a Chinese youth
delegation,, headed by LU Chao, which was invited to Iceland by the Ice-
land-China Cultural Association.
INDIA
China-India Friendship Association (CIFA)
TING Hsi-lin (TING Hsieh-lin)--Chairman, CIFA; Vice Minister of
Culture; Vice Chairman of ACRFC; WPC.
CH'EN Han-sheng (Gideon CHEN)--Vice Chairman; represents peace
and friendship organizations on CPPCC.
HU Yu-chih--Vice Chairman, CIFA; editor-journalist-propagandist;
was Chairman of former Publications Administration of CPG; al-
so Vice Chairman of China-Indonesia FA.
WU Hua-chih--Secretary General of CIFA; Deputy Secretary General
of ACRFC.
CHI Hsien-lin--Council member, CIFA.
CHOU Wei-chih--Dramatist, Deputy Secretary General of ACFLAC;
Board of Directors, CIFA.
CHU Ch'i-wen--Member, Board of Directors, CIFA.
HSIA Yen (aka SHEN Tuan-hsien or SHEN Tui-hsien)--Member, Stand-
ing Committee, CIFA.
HSIEH Ping-hsin (f) (aka HSIEH Wan-ying) (Mme. WU Wen-tsao)--Poet-
ess; member of National Committee, ACFLAC; ASC; Board of Direc-
tors, CIFA.
LAO She (SHU She-yu)--Novelist; Vice Chairman, Union of Chinese
Writers; National Committee, ACFLAC; Vice Chairman, Peking
SSFA and CPC; Board of Directors, CIFA; member, ACRFC Board of
Directors.
LI Kuo-chang (LI K'o-chang)--Head of India Branch of Commission of
Overseas Chinese Affairs.
LIU Pai-yu--Board of Directors, CIFA; member, ACRFC Board of Di-
rectors.
SAIFUDIN (SAI Fu-ting)--Member, Board of Directors, CIFA.
Shirob Galtso (aka Hsi-jao-chia-ts'o)--Chairman, China Buddhist
Association.
SHU Tzu-ch'ing (SHU Hsu-ch'ing, or HSU Tzu-ch'ing)--Represented
Overseas Chinese in India as delegate to NPC 1954; member, CCPIT.
May be same SHU, Yin-shih, page 71.
TAI Ai-lien (f)--Ballet dancer; Board of Directors, ACRFC; on na-
tional committees of ACFLAC, CPC, ACFDY, and CDL; member, Stand-
ing Committee, CIFA.
WU Han--Member of CIFA; headed a friendship delegation to New Del-
hi, in January 1956; ACFDY; CDL Central Committee.
WU Mao-sun (Mason Woo and WU Mao-sung)--Secretary General, PIFA;
Central Committee, KMTRC; Deputy Secretary General, CPC; Nation-
al Committee, ACFDY; Standing Committee, CIFA.
YEN Wen-ching--CIFA member; member of friendship delegation to Bom-
w bay, in February 1956; member, Union of Chinese Writers.
YUAN Chung-hsun--Former Ambassador to India; Vice Minister of For-
eign Affairs.
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Eighteen new members were elected to the association council in May
1956; these persons were from Peking, Shanghai, Canton, Sian, Wuhan, and
Tibet.
India-China Friendship Association (ICFA)
According to an item in the newspaper, Times of India, on 7 February
1957, the Indian Government forbade federal and state ministers to patron-
ize pro-Communist cultural and social organizations, naming, among others,
the India-China Friendship Association. Since their original formation,
high-level Indian Government officials had participated in the activities
of these organizations and in the reception of various delegations from
Communist countries which visited India, often under sponsorship of the
India-China Friendship Association. Officials of ICFA are:
Dr. Zakir HUSSAIN--Chairman of the National Executive Committee of
ICFA; educator; nominated member, Council of States.
K.M. PANNIKAR (Sardar Kavalam Madava PANNIKAR)--Former Chairman of
National Committee of the association; former Ambassador to Com-
munist China.
Pandit SUNDARLAL--President of National Council; leader of All-
India Peace Council.
Dr. Gyan CHAND--Member of National Council.
R.K. KARANKIA (KARANJIA)--Vice Chairman; head of Bombay branch
of ICFA; editor of pro-Communist weekly magazine Blitz.
Mme. Uma NEHRU--Acting Chairman of National Executive Committee,
September 1957.
Pandit Chatur Narain MALVIYA--General Secretary.
Sardar Gurbaksh SINGH--Noted Punjab writer.
Radha (Badha) RAMAN--Member Indian Parliament; President of the
New Delhi branch of ICFA.
Ajoy Kumar GHOSH--Secretary General, Communist Party of India.
Dr. Saiffudin KITCHLEW--President, All-India Peace Council.
Mme. Rameshwari NEHRU--President, India ASC Committee.
Professor Yumayun KABIR--Head of Indian Council for Cultural Re-
lations.
Sadrar Harcharan SINGH--Chairman, Patiala Branch, ICFA.
Shiv Charan GUPTA--Member, state legislature; executive of New
Delhi branch of ICFA.
S.K. PATIL--Chairman of China (Communist) National Day celebration,
1 October 1956, by International Club of Bombay; President of
Bombay Pradesh Congress Committee and member of Parliament.
A.K. GOPOLAN--Member of Parliament.
Sadar Hukan SINGH--Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
Saila Kumar MUKHEIJI (S.K. MUKHERJEE)--President, Calcutta Branch;
member, ICFA founding committee; Speaker of the Legislative
Assembly of West Bengal.
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P.V. BAGAT (P.V. BAPAT)--Member, cultural delegation to China,
May 1956, representing India-China FA; Professor, Poona Univer-
sity.
B.C. GUBA--Member, cultural delegation to China, May 1956, repre-
senting India-China FA; Professor, Calcutta University; mem-
ber, national council of ICFA.
SHU Yin-shih (phonetic)--Member, Calcutta Overseas Meihsien As-
sociation; Director, Chunghun Middle School, Calcutta; elected
overseas delegate to NPC in September 1954.
Nettur P. DAMODARAN--Vice President, Tellicherry Branch, ICFA;
member of Congress from Madras.
Prof, Satyen BOSE--Active in ICFA; theoretical physicist and
educator; nominated member, Council of States.
Branches have been reported in New Delhi, Bombay, Saurashtra, West
Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madras, the Punjab, Kerala, Gujerat, Mahakosal,
Patiala, Jajasthani, Dehra Dun, Kalimpong, and Tellicherry.
China-Indonesia Friendship Association (CINFA)
Formally established June 1955, it actually was in the development
stage for a year or more before then. Many Chinese Moslems are active
in this association to exploit religious ties with Moslems in Indonesia.
Burhan Shahidi (PAO Erh-han)--Chairman of CINFA; Chairman, China
Islamic Association; member, World Peace Council; former Gover-
nor, Sinkiang Province.
Yusuf MA Y"i-huai--Vice Chairman of CINFA; also Vice Chairman,
China Islamic Association; member, China-Egypt FA.
HU Yu-chih--Vice Chairman of CINFA; also Vice Chairman, China-
India Friendship Association; editor-journalist-propagandist;
was Director of former Publications Administration of CPG.
Sponsors and members of the founding committee of the association
included:
LIAO ChIeng-chip--Chairman, ACFDY; member, CCP Central Committee;
Deputy Chief, UFD; member, Commission of Overseas Chinese Af-
fairs; member, Board of Directors, ACFRC; member, executive
committees of WFDY and WPC; Board of Directors, PIFA; Vice
Chairman of ASC; China-Japan FA; Vice Chairman SSFA.
CH'U T'u-nan--Chairman ACRFC; member, central committee CDL; WPC;
ASC; Pakistan FA; headed cultural delegations to South America,
in late 1956, and to Scandinavian countries, in June 1955.
CHANG Hsi-jo--Standing Committee, ACRFC; Chairman, PIFA.
Shiekh Nur Mohammed (TA P'u-sheng)--Vice Chairman, China Islamic
Association; headed good will mission to Indonesia, August 1956;
Vice Chairman of China-Egypt Friendship Association.
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Others prominent in the association include:
FANG Chun-chuang--Ex-editor, Penang; member, Commission of Over-
seas Chinese Affairs.
HO Ying--Returnee from Indonesia; reported to have headed a train-
ing class for the Overseas Operations Committee.
KUNG Yuan--Vice Minister of Foreign Trade; Member of Board, CINFA.
PAI Shou-i--Member, Board of Directors, CINFA; member, Board of
Directors, ACRFC; member, good will mission to Indonesia, Au-
gust 1956.
WANG Jen-shu--Member, Commission of Overseas Chinese Affairs;
former Ambassador from Communist China to Indonesia; Central
Committee, ACFDY.
WU Shih--Ex-editor, Sarawak Daily; member, South China Institute
of Medicine; delegate to NPC, 1954.
YU Yeh-thou (phonetic)--Medical doctor formerly in Indonesia; now
Executive Officer, Peking Returned Overseas Chinese Associa-
tion; overseas Chinese delegate to NPC, 1954.
MA Ssu-ts'ung--Composer; formerly resided Paris; Vice Chairman,
Union of Chinese Musicians; member of national committees of
ACFLAC and CPC; member, Board of Directors, Indonesia FA.
LING Sha (f)--Dean, Peking Teachers College; member, CINFA dele-
gation to Indonesia, August 1956.
YEH Hung-pao--Returnee from Indonesia; member, Foochow CPPCC Com-
mittee; former Chairman of Chinese Club in Jogjakarta.
YANG Yin-hsien--Returnee from Indonesia; broadcast appeal for Tai-
wan surrender, July 1956.
YANG Han-sheng--Member of Standing Committee of CINFA; Vice Chair-
man of ACRFC; Secretary General of ACFLAC.
JEN Po-sen--Secretary of good will mission to Indonesia, August
1956.
Indonesia-China Friendship Association (INCFA)
Headquarters of the association is in Djakarta. Radio Peking claimed,
in February 1957, that 32 branch associations had been formed. Branches
had been organized in Solo, Bandung, Jogjakarta, Semarang, Surabaya,
Singardaja, Ambon, Denpasar (Southern Bali), Palembang, Medan, Makassar,
and Tandjung Balai as of October 1956. The INCFA claims 19 branches in
North Sumatra alone, with 200 Indonesian and 100 Chinese members. The
regional branches are organized into a national association which held a
conference in Djakarta, in January 1956. The national association spon-
sored Indonesia-China Friendship Week in October 1955. It has sponsored
many delegations to and from Communist China. The Chinese Communist am-
bassador, the embassy staff, and personnel of the several consulates have
aided in organizing new branches and fostering the activities of the as-
sociation. For example, Consul General CHAO Chung-shih of Djakarta has
acted as coordinator for cooperation between the consulate, the Overseas
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Chinese General Association, and the friendship association. INCFA co-
sponsors visits of art, drama, sports, and other groups, and distributes
films made in Communist China. The INCFA is known in Indonesia as the
Lembaga Persahabatan Indonesia Tionghoa (LPIT).
National Federation of INCFA:
Mrs. Rangkajo RASUNA SAID (also reported as Mrs. RASUNA and Mrs.
RANU SAID)--Chairman of INCFA; member of Indonesian Constituent
Assembly; member of Indonesian Communist Party.
Dr. PRIJONO--Formerly National Chairman of INCFA in August 1956;
also reported as former Chairman, Solo branch; Indonesian Min-
ister of Education.
Professor TJAN Tju Som (Tjan Tjaesom)--First Vice Chairman.
Mengatus NASUTION--Second Vice Chairman; visited Peking, October
1955; Vice Chief, Cultural Bureau, Ministry of Culture and Ed-
ucation.
Saleh UMAR--Third Vice Chairman; Chairman, Medan Branch (see be-
low).
Zain NAUSATION--First Secretary; member of parliament.
SUROTO--Second Secretary; Secretary General of Indonesian Peace
Council.
Zahir ZHAJEB--Treasurer.
Solo Branch:
Dr. R. PRIJONO--Chairman; Mayor of Djakarta Sudiro; recipient of
Stalin Peace Prize.
Sumantri--Vice Chairman.
Bandung Branch:
0. MARTAKUSUHAB--Chairman.
Jogjakarta Branch:
Professor POPDELINGA (also reported as Professor PURBODINIGRAT)--
Chairman; also Chairman of Indonesia Peace Committee; visited
Communist China, May 1957, on invitation of China Peace Com-
mittee.
Palembang Branch:
A.A. HARAHAP--Chairman.
Medan Branch:
Salefr UMAR--Chairman; Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) leader
in North Sumatra; publisher of The Patrigt; leader in Indonesian
peace movement; leader of Union of Indonesian Farmers.
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LAI Kim Kie--First Vice Chairman.
TAN Beng Hong--Vice Chairman; publisher, Democratic Daily News.
Banda HARAHAP--Chief, Cultural Section; member of PKI in Medan.
Bakri (Muda) SIREGAR--Cultural Section; Mayor of Medan.
Adjis (Aziz) SIDIK--Reported Second Vice Chairman, INCFA Branch,
in North Sumatra; member, PKI; headed youth delegation to Pe-
king, late 1955, representing INCFA.
Aminullah LUBIS--First Secretary; member, PKI, North Sumatra Pro-
vincial Committee.
YEH I-tong--Editor in Medan; Chairman, Overseas Chinese General
Association, North Sumatra; was delegate to NPC, in Peking,
1954.
Zainal ABIDIN
Usman Hassan
B.M. NAINGGOLAN--Also a member of SOBSI.
TJANG Sie Shek--Member, Overseas Chinese General Association.
Marahudin SIREGAR--Chief of information section.
Suhunan HAMZAH--Also reported as Chairman, Medan Branch of INCFA.
Dr. NJO Tjau Kok--Head of Polyclinic.
Dr. LIE Sek Hong
Surabaya Branch:
R. SUPARTO--Chairman.
Dr. TJOA Sik Ien--Vice Chairman; member, PKI.
R.M. SURIPTO--Vice Chairman; lawyer.
Sunjaro UMAREIKIK--Vice Chairman.
Dr. SATRIJO--Vice Chairman.
BUDISUSILO--Secretary.
PRINGGODIGDO--Member of Board of Directors.
LU Huan-chuan--Merchant; Chairman, Surabaya Overseas Chinese Gen-
eral Association; was elected delegate to NPC in Peking 1954.
Denpasar (Southern Bali) Branch:
Anak Agung Gde AGUNG--Chairman; head of the Indonesian Informa-
tion Bureau in Bali.
Ambon Branch:
Dr. J.B. SITANALA--Chairman
Tandjung Balai Branch:
Ombak NASUTION--Chairman.
Others, Exact Connections with INCFA Not Defined:
ASARRUDDIN--Secretary General, Indonesia Labor Party; made trip
to Peking, in April 1956 sponsored by PIFA and China-Indonesia
Friendship Association.
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INDROSUGONDHO--Member of .cultural delegation to Peking, October
1955.
Arnold MONONUTU--Former Indonesian Ambassador to Peking.
ABIDIH--Former Indonesian Government minister.
CIIANG Kuo-chi--Educator; Vice Chairman, Jakarta Overseas Chinese
General Association; was elected delegate to NPC held in Pe-
king, in 1954.
Mrs. ABDULGANI--Wife of Foreign Minister.
Siradjuddin ABBAS--Legislator; leader in Perti Party.
K.H. IDJAS--Minister of Religious Affairs.
ANG Jan Goan--Member, Executive Committee; Director of pro-Com-
munist Sin Po and high official in the Federation of Over-
seas Chinese Associations (CTCTTH); on welcoming committee
for THOU En-lai, April 1955, and for Mme. SOONG Ching-ling,
August 1956.
CH'ENG Tz'u-fang--Member, INCFA Board of Directors; helped enter-
tain Chinese student delegation in September 1955.
HUNG Yuan-yi.ian--Member, INCFA Board of Directors; helped entertain
Chinese student delegation in September 1955.
KO Chung-ch'uan--Member, INCFA Board of Directors; helped enter-
tain Chinese student delegation in September 1955.
KUO K'o-ming--Member, INCFA Board of Directors; helped enter-
tain Chinese student delegation in September 1955.
There are two organizations in Italy which may be the vehicles used
in developing the China friendship campaign. These are the Institute for
Promoting Cultural and. Economic Relations with China, of which Professor
Feruccio PARRI is president, and the Institute of Oriental Studies in
Rome, of which Professor TUCCI is dean. Both of these organizations and
their leaders have banqueted Chinese delegations and expressed desire for
furthering friendship between China and Italy, deploring the lack of for-
mal diplomatic relations. Labor, women's, trade, Socialist Party., and
peace delegations from Italy have visited Communist China. An organiza-
tion called the Italy-People's China Association had also been named, but
no data are available concerning it.
A Chinese Communist women's cultural delegation, headed by LI Te-
ch'uan, was in Italy in March 1956, to promote "mutual understanding and
friendship."
A delegation of Chinese architects, of which bridge-builder MAO I-
sheng (aka MAO, Eason) was a member, toured Italy, in May 1956. Among
those honoring the delegation was Professor TUCCI, dean of the Institute
of Oriental Studies, in Rome. Professor Feruccio PARRI, president of the
Italian Institute for Promoting Cultural and Economic Relations with China,
entertained a cultural delegation in April 1956, headed by HOU Te-pang,
with CHI Chao-ting as deputy chief. An Italian cultural delegation of
14 members, headed by Piero CALAMANDREI, was in China in October 1955.
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At the invitation of the China Peace Committee, Pietro NENNI, sec-
retary general of the (Italian Socialist Party and then a vice president
of the World Peace Council, visited China, in September-October 1955.
Others in the party included Raniero PANZIERI and Vincenzo ANSANELLI. An
Italian women's delegation was visiting China at the same time. The China
Committee for Promotion of International Trade and China National Import-
Export Corporation sponsored a group of 10 visiting Italian industrialists
and businessmen in May 1956.
A number of delegations, cultural and trade, have been exchanged be-
tween Italy and Communist China, sponsored by front organizations in the
two countries. These have resulted in many contacts by the Chinese dele-
gates with leaders in Italy's academic, cultural, parliamentary, govern-
mental, and trade circles.
China-Japan Friendship Association (CJFA)
No formal organization has been identified to date, but there are
many who have taken an active part in organizing and participating in
delegations to Japan and in entertaining delegations from Japan under
sponsorship of ACRFC and other front and mass organizations. These in-
clude:
CH'EN Shu-t'ung--Chairman, All-China Federation of Industry and
Commerce Associations; member, World Peace Council; China Peace
Committee; Standing Committee, NPC.
CHENG?Fang-wu--Educator who was delegate to the World Conference
to Ban Nuclear Weapons in Hiroshima, Japan, in 1955; member,
China Peace Committee.
FENG T'ieh-ch'eng--Assisted TS'AO Chung-shu (see below) in organ-
izing trade fair in Japan.
HSIAO Hsiang-ch'ien--Assisted TS'AO Chung-shu (see below) in organ-
izing trade fair in Japan.
HSIEH Ping-hsien (f)--Writer; delegate to the World Conference to
Ban Nuclear Weapons held in Japan, in 1955.
KUO Mo-jo--Educated in Japan; made several visits to Japan since
1949, as a member of delegations; Chairman, ACFLAC; Chairman,
CPC; Vice Chairman, SSFA; President, Academy of Sciences; Vice
Chairman, WPC; Chairman, ASC.
LI Te-ch'uan (f)--Minister of Public Health; headed Rea Cross dele-
gation to Japan 1955.
LIAO Ch'eng-chih--See China-Indonesia Friendship Association.
LIU Ning-i--Member, Executive Committee, World Peace Council; ICPT;
member, Board of Directors, ACRFC; Vice Chairman, WFTU; Vice
Chairman, SSFA; Vice Chairman, ACFTU; Secretary General, ASC;
Board of Directors, PIFA.
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TS'AO Chung-shu--Acting Manager, China National Import-Export
Corporation; organized trade fair in Tokyo/Osaka, October
1955.
Japan-China Friendship Association (JCFA) (Nitchu Yuko Kyokai)
This association, with headquarters in Tokyo, has close relations
with the China Trade Promotion Council, China Research Institute, Japan-
China Cultural Exchange Association, Japan Council for Restoration of
Diplomatic Relations with China and the USSR, Tokyo Overseas Chinese As-
sociation, Japan Peace Council, and other Japanese Communist front organs.
Chapters of this association have been set up in most of the prefectures
of Japan. Radio Peking claimed branches were set up in five additional
prefectures and 16 cities during 1956. In 1956, membership of over 9,314
was claimed. The JCFA has co-sponsored delegations to and from Communist
China with the ACRFC, PIFA, China Peace Committee, and other front organi
zations. In April 1956, it was announced that the Sino-Japanese Cultural
Institute was to build a Japan-China cultural center in the Tokyo suburbs
with funds donated by KUO Po, in honor of his father, KUO Mo-jo. One of
the promoters of this center was OGURA Masatune, former Finance Minister
of Japan. Radio Peking stated 400 representatives of JCFA chapters met
in Tokyo, on 21 July 1956, for the sixth national JCFA conference. Funds
are reportedly sent from the Chinese Communist Party to the Japan Communist
Party via the JCFA.
Officials and prominent members of the JCFA include.
MATSUMOTO Jiichiro--President; Socialist member, House of Council-
lors; member of World Peace Council; President of the Japanese
Association for Friendship Among Asian Nations.
UCHIYAMA Kanzo--Vice President; owner of Uchiyama Bookstore; Coun-
cillor of China Research Institute.
UENO Shinkichi--Vice President; attorney; Chairman, Liberal Human
Rights Society; visited Communist China in October 1955, on
invitation from PIFA.
HANDA Kokai--Vice President; Zenkoji archbishop.
MARUOKA Hideko (f), (aka ISHII Hide)--Vice President; critic;
Councillor, League of Women's Organizations.
MIYAZAKI Seimin--Vice President of JCFA.
HARAGUCHI Yukitaka--Vice President of JCFA.
ABE Tomoji--Vice President of JCFA.
HIRANO Yoshitaro--Vice President, JCFA.
FUJITA Totara--Vice President, JCFA; Chairman, Japan General Coun-
cil of Trade Unions.
HORIE Kunikazu--Vice President, JCFA.
ABE Kozo--Represented Japan Peace Liaison Committee on delegation
to Peking, June 1956.
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ASANO Yoshio--With JCFA organization department; publisher of Ja-
pan-China Friendship News.
CH'EN Ch'eng-chia--Standing Director of JCFA.
CH'EN K'un-wang--Director, JCFA; Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas
Chinese Association; official of Meiwa Printing Co.
HARA Hyo--Advisor to JCFA.
HIRATSUKA Racho--Advisor to JCFA.
HIRATSUKA Tsunejiro--Advisor to JCFA.
ITO Takeo--JCFA Secretary-General; Chairman of National Council
of JCFA and also general manager of the association.
KAJIMA Joshio--Edits JCFA publication; Head of propaganda section.
KANG Ming-ch'iu--Member, National Council; Delegate to NPC, held
in Peking, in 195-; Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas Chinese As-
sociation.
KATAYAMA Tetsu--Advisor to JCFA.
KAWASAKI Natsu--Vice President of JCFA.
KAZAMI Akira--Advisor to JCFA.
KOBAYASHI Teruji--Member of National Council of JCFA.
KONO Jiro--Leader of labor delegation to May Day celebration,
Peking, 1956.
MATSUI Katsuo--Director of JCFA.
MATSUI Matsusugi--Represented JCFA on delegation to Peking, June
1956; head of JCFA General Affairs Section.
NAGANO Juemon--Vice President, Tokyo Chapter, JCFA; visited China,
on repatriation delegation, June 1956.
NAKAJIMA Kenzo--Chairman, Council of Japan-China Cultural Exchange
Association.
NAKAHARA Junkichi--Represented JCFA and Peace Liaison Committee
on delegation to Peking, June 1956.
NAKANISHI Kanji--Secretary of JCFA Okayama Prefectural Chapter.
OKADA Yoshiharu--Represented JCFA on delegation to Peking, June
1956.
OUCHI Hyoe--Advisor to JCFA.
OZAWA Masamoto--Deputy managing director of JCFA.
SUGAWARA Keikei--Executive, Committee for Commemorating Chinese
Martyrs.
TAKAOKA Minoru, Chairman of Fukuoka Branch of JCFA; headed 10-
member friendship mission to Communist China, April 1957?
TAKATSU Seido--Socialist member of Diet; member of JCFA; Vice
President of Japan-Korea Friendship Society; member, parlia-
mentary delegation to North Korea, October 1955.
TSUKADA Todashi--Chairman, Nagoya Branch, JCFA; member of Japan
Socialist Party.
TSUZUKI Susumu--Head of Nagoya Branch of JCFA.
TSUZUKU Tsuneo--Active in organization work of JCFA.
WADA Kazuo--Secretary General of Tokyo Chapter of JCFA.
WU Jung-tsang--Standing director of Tokyo Overseas Chinese As-
sociation.
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WU Pu-wen--Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas Chinese Association.
YAMAMOTO Kumaichi--Advisor to JCFA.
YASUI Kaoru--Secretary General, Preparatory Committee, World Con-
ference to Ban Nuclear Weapons held in Japan, in 1955.
YU En-yang--Member of board of directors of JCFA and of Tokyo
Overseas Chinese Association.
LUXEMBOURG
China-Luxembourg Friendship Association
None identified.
Luxembourg-China Friendship Association
Radio Peking, on 9 January 1957, quotes Rene BLUM, former president
of the Luxembourg Parliament, as having told LIU I, head of a visiting
acrobatic troupe, that a Luxembourg-China Friendship Association was es-
tablished on BLUM's proposal in October 1956, its objective being to
"work for the restoration of China's rights in the United Nations and
prompt establishment of diplomatic relations as well as trade and cultur-
al intercourse between Luxembourg and China."
China-Malaya Friendship Association
Organization and members of this association are not identified, but
it appears likely some sort of group exists. The following persons have
lived in Malaya/Singapore and have been frequently identified with Chinese
Communist interest in Chinese residing in Malaya:
TAN Kah Kee (CH'EN Chia-keng)--Member of Commission of Overseas
Chinese Affairs (COCA); member, Standing Committee, National
People's Congress; Chairman, FROCA.
P'ENG Tse-min--Chairman, CPWDP; born in Malaya (deceased, October
1956).
CHAO Feng--Member, ACRFC Standing Committee; ASC; SSFA Executive
Committee; headed cultural group on overseas trip.
CHUANG Hsi-ch'uan--Vice Chairman, FROCA; long identified with Ma-
laya CDL.
CHUANG Ming-li (CHONG Beng-lee)--Member, COCA; connected with CDL
in Malaya; Secretary General, FROCA.
FANG Chun-chuang--Member, Malaya FA; member, Indonesia FA; former
editor, Penang; member of COCA.
KO Shou-then--Returnee from Malaya; broadcast appeal from Peking
for Taiwan surrender, July 1956.
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KUAN Wen-sen--Member COCA; born Malaya; represented Chih Kung
Tang (CKT) at CPPCC, 1949; Vice Chairman of CKT.
LI T'ieh-min--Vice Chairman, COCA; long connected with CDL, Ma-
laya; former businessman in Singapore, Vice Chairman, FROCA..
LU Hsin-yuan--Member, COCA; born in Malaya; was former leader
in Singapore Teachers' Union.
TAI Tzu-liang--Member, COCA; businessman; was connected with CDL,
Malaya.
TSENG Chien-ping (T'SENG Ching-ping)--Returnee from Malaya; Pro-
fessor, Fukien Teachers College; broadcast appeal from Peking
for Taiwan surrender, July 1956.
WANG T'ing-chun--Former CDL leader in Malaya; connected with Can-
ton Returned Overseas Chinese Association; member, Central Com-
mittee of CKT; member, Canton CPPCC.
Malaya-China Friendship Association
None identified. May not exist owing to status of Malaya in British
Empire. Upon change in status, some formal association may emerge.
China-Mexico Friendship Association
No members or activities identified.
Sociedad Mexicana de Amistad Con China Popular (SMACP)
(Mexican Friendship Society with People's China)
SMACP, which was founded in 1953, organized a celebration of the 7th
anniversary of the Revolution in Red China, in October 1956, supported by
the Mexican Communist Party. Speakers called for closer ties between Mex-
ico and Communist China and attacked the Mexican Government for refusing
entry visas to members of the Peking Opera Company, which was touring South
America. The SMACP is believed to have about 50 members and distributes
propaganda sent to Mexico by the Foreign Language Publishing House of Pe-
king. The following persons are active in the SMACP.
Xavier GUERRERO Saucedo--President, SMACP; painter and active mem-
ber of Mexican CP.
Eli de GORTARI-- A director of SMACP; author of compilation on
Marxist dialectical logic; member, Mexican Peace Movement.
Clara PORSET de GUERRERO--Wife of artist Xavier GUERRERO Saucedo;
interior decorator; active Communist; member, SMACP Executive
Committee.
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Paula GOMEZ Alonso (f)--Director and an officer of SMACP.
Alonso AGUILAR Monteverde--A director of the Circle of Mexican
Studies (CEM); member of Mexican Communist Party; member of
SMACP; attorney.
Oscar Servando FRIAS--Painter; attended meeting on reactivation
of SMACP, April 1956.
While the following persons have not been identified as members of
the SMACP, their travel to Communist China indicates their interest in
this area:
Juan Jose MERAZ de la 0--Professor and Mexican Communist leader;
went to China, September 1956.
Reyes FUENTES Garcia--Mexican Communist leader; went to China,
September 1956, returned to Mexico via USSR and Prague.
Dr. Jose GIRAL--Former President of Spanish Peace Council in Mex-
ico and former minister in Spanish Republican Government; lec-
tured to one of SMACP meetings. GIRAL returned from visit to
China in February 1956.
Lazaro RUBIO Felix--Member of UGOCM (Mexican Farmworkers' Union);
attended Peking Peace Conference, October 1952; sought to pro-
mote performances in Mexico of Peking Opera Company which at
the time (1955) was in Paris.
Manuel TERRAZAS--Active Mexican Communist leader; Director of La
Voz de Mexico (CP organ); travelled to Communist China, in
September 1956, to attend CCP Congress.
Edmundo VALADEZ--Travelled to Communist China-after IOJ Congress,
Helsinki, June 1956.
China-Nepal Friendship Association
Has an Executive Council of 25 members made up of government offi-
cials, representatives of people's organizations, scholars, and Buddhists.
The association was founded in September 1956, in Peking, with CHOU En-lai
and the Nepal Prime Minister present.
CHOU Chien-jen--Vice Minister
of Higher Education; Vice Chair-
man of China Association for
Promoting Democracy.
CHOU Shu-chia--Deputy Secretary
General, Chinese Buddhist As-
sociation.
ULANFU--One of the leaders in the
association; member of CCP Cen-
tral Committee; prominent Bud-
dhist leader; a vice premier of
the State Council.
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Others may include:
Donwang Jimzanchaba--Representative of the Dalai Lama.
Lozongchahsi--Representative of Panchen Ngoerhtehni.
PI Shou-wang--Of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
LIU Ch'un--Vice Chairman of the Nationalities Affairs Commission.
Nepalese-Chinese Friendship Association
Held meetings in Katmandu, in December 1954. Representatives of the
association greeted the Chinese delegation to the coronation ceremony of
King Manendra in late April 1956.
Bal Chandra SHARMA, Minister of Education and Health, headed a Nepa-
lese cultural delegation to China, in July 1956, consisting of 21 members,
sponsored by the Chinese Communist Ministry of Culture and the ACRFC.
Welcoming them on their arrival were:
CHEN Ju-tang--Vice Governor of Kwangtung Province.
KUO Chiao-jan--Vice Mayor of Canton.
Chairman
Vice Chairman
Purna Bihadur
Narapratap Thapa--Secretary of
Nepalese Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs.
PAKISTAN
China-Pakistan Friendship Association
Formed 25 May 1956; sponsored by 12 Chinese Communist front organiza-
tions.
LIU K'o-ping (aka LIU K'e-ping)--Chairman; leader in China Islam-
ic Association; deputy head, United Front Department of CCP;
ASC.
I Min Makhdum (aka I-ming MA-ho-su-mu, Imin Mahosumu, and Iminov)--
Vice Chairman; CISA leader.
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng--Vice Chairman; also connected with CDL, PSLA,
IADL, and PIFA; Board of Directors, ACRFC; WPC; professor of
constitutional law at Chinghau University; headed scientific
delegation to Pakistan, in 1955.
Mme. SOONG Ch'ing-ling--Led friendship delegation to Pakistan in
early 1956.
LIAO Ch'eng-chih--Was deputy to Mme. SOONG on friendship delega-
tion in early 1956. (See China-Indonesia Friendship Associa-
tion.)
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CH'U T'u-nan--Chairman of preparatory meeting at founding on 25
May 1956; Chairman of ACRFC; WPC; ASC; Indonesia FA; CDL Cen-
tral Committee.
YANG Ching-jen--Vice Chairman of CISA; member, CPPCC; Moslem; Kan-
su deputy to NPC; Vice Chairman of CPG Nationalities Affairs
Commission.
CHANG Chieh--Secretary General of CISA.
Pakistan-China Friendship Society PCFS (also referred to since 1956 as
the Pakistan-China Cultural Association: Branches in Karachi, Dacca, and
Lahore).
Hatim All ALAVI--Former President; sent greetings to LIU K'o-ping
in June 1956, saying "It will be the duty and privilege of our
two respective associations to work together for the realiza-
tion of that goal bringing China and Pakistan closer together.
We hope that in the years ahead of us we may find ourselves
moving in a direction which will bring China and Pakistan into
closer political and cultural ties."
Tikamdas WADHUMAL (Tulam Das WADHUMA)--First Vice President; law-
yer.
Miss Fatima JINNAH--Vice President.
Dr. Zakir Hussain MASHHADI--Second Vice President; President,
Pakistan-Czechoslovakia Cultural Association since 1952; mem-
ber, Pakistan-Soviet Cultural Association; President, Lower
Grade Post and Telegraph Workers Union since 1953; Municipal
Councillor, Karachi; headed welcoming committee for Soviet
Cultural delegation, March 1954.
Muhammed Asghar ANSARI--General Secretary; member, Pakistan-Soviet
Cultural Association; lawyer in Karachi.
Mian Iftr KHARUDDIN
Umar ELAHI--Merchant.
Ibrahim JOLIS
M.A.S. NASIRI--Student; member, Pakistan-Soviet Cultural Associa-
tion; aka Salam NASRI.
Begum Hussain MALIK--Vice President of All-Pakistan Women's Associ-
ation.
A.S. ENVER--Headed a trade union delegation to China, in May
1956.
Muhammed Abdul SHAKUR--One of organizers of PCFS and former Vice
President; member, Pakistan-Soviet Cultural Association; former
editor of Dawn.
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Dacca Branch (formally organized, 2 November 1956)
Organizers
Honorary President
IDRIS--Editor of the Ittehad.
SIDDQUE--Editor of the Millat.
Tafazzal HOSSAIN--Editor of the
Ittefaq.
Zahn SAIN Chowdhury--Editor of
the Sangba.
Ataur Rahman KAHN--Chief Minister
of East Pakistan and head of
East Pakistan Peace Committee.
Maulana BASHANI (Bhashani)--Presi-
dent of the East Pakistan Awami
League.
Karachi Branch (Ad hoc committee to reorganize this branch set up 13 De-
cember 1956. The original branch was organized in 1951, but became
inactive.)
Chairman Manzurul (Manzoorul) HAQ--Member
Awami League.
Other members of the ad hoc committee included:
Akhtar All KAHN--Importer-exporter.
Dr. H.R. Elahi ALVI--Dental Sur-
geon.
Inamul Wali DURRANI--Editor of
Elan, Urdu .daily newspaper.
Mir Khalilur RAEMAN--Managing Di-
rector of Jang, Karachi Urdu
Daily; member of the journalist
delegation to China, June 1956.
T. MOTANDAS--Proprietor of Palm
Grove Hotel.
Muhammed SADIQ--Importer-exporter.
A.M. QURESHI (Abdul Rahman)--Mem-
ber of Republican Party.
Qutbuddin AZIZ--Son of Abdul Hafiz.
Director, United Press of Paki-
stan; member of-the Pakistan-
Czechoslovakia Cultural Society;
member of the journalist dele-
gation to China in June 1956.
Zahurul HAQ--Advocate; younger
brother of Manzurul Haq; member
of the Awami League.
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Muhammad Umer FARUQI--Publisher
of Anjam, Karachi Urdu Daily;
member of the journalist dele-
gation to China, in June 1956.
Nawab Sayid Shamsul HASSAN--Advo-
cate.
Raja Subah SADIQ--Businessman; ex-
counselor of Karachi Municipal
Corporation.
Siddiq WAHAB--Businessman; ex-May-
or of Karachi Municipal Corpor-
ation.
Abdul Karim SUMAR--Proprietor of
Pakistan World Corporation;
President of Pakistan Textile
Merchants Association.
Lahore Branch (Organization meeting held 6 March 1957; addressed by CHIN
Shen-chih, First Secretary of Chinese Communist Embassy.)
Abu Saeed ANWAR--Muslim League
leader; member 1955 and 1956
labor delegations to Communist
China.
Members of the Convening Committee included:
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Mme. Jahan Ara SHAHNAWAZ--Muslim
League member of legislative
assembly.
C.M. LATIF--Industralist.
Faiz Ahmad FAIZ--Poet and editor
of Pakistan Times.
(Min) Abdul QAYYUM
(Maulana) Akhtar Ali KHAN
Bashir Ahmad BAKHTIAR--President
of West Pakistan Federation of
Labor.
(Maulvi) Ghulam MARSHID
Dr. Mahboob RABBANI
Mumtaz Ahmad KHAN
Nasir A. SHEIKH--Muslim League
member of legislative assembly;
publisher.
Hasir Ahmad MAHLI--Muslim League
member of legislative assembly.
Sayid Imtiaz Ali TAJ
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Sayid SEGHAL--Businessman.
Sh. Bashir AHMAD--Lawyer; member
of Awami League.
(Begun) Sikandara BABAR
(Begum) Zeenat Fida HUSSAIN--Re-
publican Party member of legis-
lative assembly.
SWEDEN
China-Sweden Friendship Association
None reported.
Sweden-China Association
This association reportedly held a celebration in Stockholm on the
7th anniversary of the Chinese People's Republic, 30 September 1956.
Chinese Communist ambassador, HAN Nien-lung, and 500 people were present,
including diplomats. Peking Radio named one LINKMAN as president of the
association. SENANDER, member of the Swedish Lower Chamber, spoke at the
celebration on the history of the Chinese revolution. Reference has
been made to Mrs. Karin ODEEN and Yngve JOHANSSON as secretaries of the
association.
Bror SELIN, well known Swedish Communist and secretary of the Swedish-
Czechoslovakia Society, is closely affiliated with affairs of the Swedish-
Chinese Society. It was reported in June 1957 that a Mr. CROSS-ERICSSON
was secretary of the society, assisted by his wife Adelyne.
China-Syria Friendship Association (Sino-Syrian FA)
Organized 1 October 1957, at a meeting attended by CHOU En-lai and
several Syrian delegations. Among the 1500 attending the meeting were
150 Chinese from various front organizations and delegations from Egypt,
Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Sudan. TA Pu-sheng was elected president
of the association.
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Syria-China Friendship Association
An inauguration meeting was held for this association on 26 Septem-
ber 1957 in Damascus. Officials named at this meeting included:
Secretary General Salim ZIRKLY
In Peking at the time of the founding of the Sino-Syrian FA were the
following heads of delegations from Syria: Tawfig YAZI, journalists dele-
gation; Khalid HAMADI, film delegation; Prof. Karim YAFI, youth delegation;
and Khalil Khalid Abd-an-NUR, students delegation.
WEST GERMANY
China-West Germany Friendship Association
None identified.
West Germany-China Society
Radio Peking carried a dispatch from Hamburg on 8 September 1957 an-
nouncing the founding in that city of this society. It was stated that
the founders of the society were newspapermen, and well known persons in
the economic, hauling, transportation, and export fields. Wolf SCHENIKE,
described as a Hamburg newspaperman and Chinese scholar who visited China
in 1945, was elected president.
The dispatch stated that "the association hopes to promote mutual
understanding between West Germany and China by means of organized forums,
cultural interflow and social contacts."
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This section is concerned with exchange of delegations between Com-
munist China and the non-Communist-controlled nations in what the Tokyo
Central News calls "invitational diplomacy." While there had been some
exchange of delegations with nations outside the Sino-Soviet bloc prior
to 1954, most of this intercourse was with those non-Communist countries
which had theretofore established diplomatic relations with Communist
China. There have, of course, been frequent interchanges of delegations
with the Soviet-Satellite nations, generally arranged for through official
government organs or by the respective Communist parties, with which this
section is not concerned. Nor is the dispatch of delegates of the Com-
munist parties of the non-Communist countries to various meetings or for
travel in Communist China a subject to be covered in this section. While
many of the delegations described herein as traveling to China undoubtedly
included many Communists and sympathizers, their participation in such del-
egations has usually been concealed or at least the fact that they are
Communists usually has not been mentioned in propaganda concerning the
visits. The obvious purpose is to create the impression that these are
free interchanges of non-Communist controlled groups with Communist China.
The delegations from China make most of their overt contacts with and re-
ceive most of their entertainment from non-Communists prominent in their
respective fields and from the China friendship groups set up in the host
countries.
The exchange of cultural, good will, art, drama, trade, scientific,
sports, military, parliamentary, agricultural p trade union, religious,
and other types of delegations categorized herein with nations which are
non-Communist, particularly in Europe, the Middle East, Near East, North
Africa, and Southeast Asia, began in earnest in 1954-1955, while the first
known Chinese Communist delegation went to Latin America in mid-1956.
Numerous groups and individuals from Latin America were invited to China,
in 1955-1956.
In general, the Chinese Communist delegations include specialists
within the field of competence indicated by the designation given them
(i.e., scientific, agricultural, trade union, journalists, trade, etc.),
Communist party members who make contacts with the Communist party of the
countries visited, interpreter/translators, press representatives from
New China News Agency, and others who may have been assigned special tasks
under the auspices of the delegation. Over-all responsibility for arrang-
ing for delegations going out from Communist China seems to be assigned
jointly to the Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries
(ACRFC), to the mass organization within Communist China to which the
specialists belong, and to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. All of these
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organizations possibly perform this task under the general cognizance of
the Third Division of the First Bureau of the CCP United Front Department
(external liaison). There should be no misconception that the delegations
from Communist China are spontaneous or nonofficial such as they would
be in free nations. They are carefully selected and screened before be-
ing allowed to go abroad and should be considered only as official dele-
gations making the visit to carry out policies firmly laid down by the
CCP.
This campaign of sending good will delegations abroad is a carefully
conceived and executed campaign designed to build people-to-people rapport
which can be used to support pressure from pro-Communist China groups for
official relations with Peking and alignment with Chinese Communist ob-
jectives. A studied effort is made to avoid giving the appearance that
these delegations have direct government sponsorship, and expenses in-
volved seems to be of no regard in this promotion of "people's diplomacy."
It is to be noted that arrangements for delegations going to Com-
munist-controlled countries are not made by the ACRFC but are handled by
the government Ministry of Culture and the Liaison Bureau for Cultural
Relations with Foreign Countries under the State Council. The ACRFC is
covered in some detail in Part V of this compilation.
Delegations to Communist China are invited by the-mass organization
or front in China corresponding to the special area of competence of the
visiting group. Itineraries and entertainment are arranged by these mass
organizations or fronts along with the ACRFC and friendship associations.
Propaganda resulting from visits to China of delegations is slanted to
give the appearance that friendship between the people of China and the
nation concerned is strengthened by the exchanges; that closer cultural,
economic, and diplomatic ties are desirable; and that Communist China is
deserving of a full role in international affairs.
People's Daily, official Chinese Communist publication, in February
1956, stated "some 4,760 people from 63 countries in Asia, Europe, Africa,
America, and Australia visited China last year (1955), which is 64% more
than in 1954. In the same period, 5,833 Chinese visited 33 other countries,
which, compared with 1954, is two-thirds more."
In 1955 alone, the ACRFC and other appropriate mass and front or-
ganizations announced sponsorship of delegations from non-Communist coun-
tries as follows:
Western Europe
61
Free Far East
73
Near East, South Asia, and Africa
82
Latin America
36
Total
252
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In 1955 alone, the following number of Chinese Communist delegations
were publicized as having been sent abroad through ACRFC sponsorship, and
their mission in most cases was aided by friendship associations in the
countries visited:
Western Europe
60
Free Far East
17
Near East, South Asia, and Africa
22
Total
99
An NCNA dispatch from Peking, 21 January 1957, said: "Over 5,200
persons from 75 countries visited China, in 1956. In the same period
more than 5,400 Chinese visited 49 countries. Last year, some 3,500
people took part in mutual visits between China and countries in Asia and
Africa. Of these, some 1,200 came to China from Japan. Friendly exchange
between China and countries in Latin America showed a marked increase in
1956. Visitors to China included government leaders, members of parlia-
ment, scientists, writers, artists, doctors, educators, industrialists,
businessmen, religious leaders, leaders of trade unions, women's and
youth organizations, and other public leaders."
A New China News Agency dispatch from Peking quoted a report of the
Japan-China Friendship Association as stating about 1,243 persons repre-
senting 60 Japanese organizations visited Communist China, while 142 per-
sons representing 7 organizations representing Communist China visited
Japan, in 1956.
The foregoing figures are based on Chinese Communist propaganda and
therefore must be considered as approximate rather than exact.
The following represents a tabulation of a number of the important
delegations within the various categories which were sent abroad from
Communist China, between January 1955, and the date of this report. Where
members of the delegations are known, their names are included. By far
the largest number of exchanges of delegations has been with Japan, In-
donesia, and India, in that order.
Since January 1955, the ACFTU has been host to labor leaders from
Japan, Indonesia, India, Burma, Pakistan, Ceylon, Iran, Lebanon, Syria,
Jordan, Tunisia, the Sudan, France, Italy, Great Britain, Egypt, the Ara-
bian Federation of Trade Unions, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, Singapore,
Brazil, and Chile. A group of trade unionists from the Middle East, Near
East, Africa, Latin America, and Europe were visiting Communist China, in
1956.
Five hundred ninety trade unionists from 43 countries visited China,
in 1956, according to the Peking Daily Worker; 247 delegates were from
Japan and 124 from the Soviet Union. An Arab workers delegation, one of
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the larger ones, was composed of delegates from Egypt, Syria, Lebanon,
Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Kuwait, Iraq; Jordan, and Libya. Trade unionists
came from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Peru, Mexico, West Africa, Sudan,
Morocco, and Tunisia. In 1956, Chinese trade unions sent 135 delegates
to 13 countries, including Japan, India, France, Britain, Italy, Austra-
lia, and New Zealand.
The following named members of the ACFTU have travelled abroad to
non-Communist countries as guests of various trade unions:
A delegation attended the Indo-
nesian Teachers' Union Congress
in December 1954, headed by FANG Ming
A delegation met with Japanese
labor union officials in vari-
ous Japanese cities, in Novem-
ber 1956. It was headed by TUNG Hsin
A delegation attended the Burma
Trade Union Congress in Feb-
ruary 1955. Head of this dele-
gation was LI Tzu=chiu
A delegation visited Scotland, in
May 1955, as guests of the Na-
tional Miners Union. Chief of
the delegation was CHIN Chih-fu
A delegation visited France, in
June 1955, as guests of the
French General Confederation
of Labor, headed by LIU Chang-sheng
A delegation attended the 4th
Congress of the General Ital-
ian Confederation of Labor, in
February 1956, including LIU Ning-i--Chairman of delega-
tion
TUNG Hsin
A delegation attended the 52nd
Congress of the National Fed-
eration of French Miners, in
April 1956, headed by CHIN Chih-fu
A delegation visited Australia,
in April 1956, sponsored by
Australia-China Society. Mem-
bers included CHAO Kuo-ch'iang
CHANG Tien-ming
LIANG Cheng-p'ing
MO Chen-chiu
A delegation to the 4th Congress
of the Confederation of Free
German Trade Unions, Berlin,
June 1955, included as chair-
man
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Japanese, British, French, Italian, Sudanese, Austrian, Nepalese,
Indonesian, Indian, French, Pakistani, Burmese, Canadian, and Chilean
women's delegations (and one from Singapore, in May 1956) visited China
as guests of the ACDWF, in 1955 and 1956. During this same period the
following members of the ACDWF visited non-Communist countries on invita-
tions from various women's organizations:
A women's good will mission to
France, in December 1954, in-
cluded
A delegation of Chinese women
visited France, in July 1955,
which included
A delegation visited Pakistan, in
November 1955. Its members
were
A delegation visited Italy, in
March 1956, as guests of the
Union of Italian Women; in-
cluded were
TS'AO Meng-chun--Chairman
LI Te-ch'uan
HAN Yu-t'ung
HUANG Kan-ying
KUNG P'u-sheng
LA Hsi-ta
LIU Ch'ing-yang
CHANG Tsung
CH'ANG Chien
CHIEN Hsing
LI Ping
LI Te-ch'`uan
CHUNG Chin-ming
KUO Lang-ying
LEI Chieh-ch'iung
TAI Li-chin
TSOU Te-hsin
A delegation visited Britain, in
April 1956; members included CHANG Yueh-hsia
CHANG Tze-ming
LI Te-ch'~uan headed a delegation of the ACDWF to Britain, in July-
August 1956, to attend the 13th Congress of the Women's International
League for Peace and Freedom.
A delegation to India in December
1956 was comprised (among others)
of SHIN Liang
LO Shu-chang
YEN Jen-ying
HU Yi-tsai
PENG Tzu-kang
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New China News Agency stated that more than 300 youths from 39 coun-
tries (including the Soviet and satellites) visited Communist China in
1956, while more than 200 Chinese visited 22 countries in the same year.
Following the Warsaw Youth Festival in August 1955, more than 400
members of delegations from 32 countries visited China as guests of the
ACFDY. Included among the non-Communist countries represented were:
Ceylon, India, Indonesia, Japan, Cambodia, Norway, Australia, Egypt,
Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Senegal, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Union of
South Africa, U.S.A., Bolivia, Colombia, Guatemala, Portugal, and Spain.
Separate youth delegations from Japan, Belgium, and Iceland visited China,
during 1955, and many others, including France, in 1956. The following
ACFDY groups travelled to non-Communist countries during this same period
as guests of various youth organizations:
A delegation visited Iceland and
Denmark, in August and Septem-
ber 1955, headed by LU Chao
A delegation visited Belgium and
France, from November 1955 to
February 1956. Members in-
cluded WU Hsueh-ch'ien
CHANG Chen-te (f) (CHANG Chan-to
JEN Kuei-chen (f)
LA Yen-hsiu (f)
LI Tsui-yun (f)
A youth delegation visited Egypt,
the Sudan, Lebanon, and Syria
en route back to China, from
the World Student Congress, in
Prague, in August 1956. The
group was headed by HU Ch'i-li
Student delegations from Indonesia, Malaya, India, France, Burma,
and Egypt visited China, in 1955-1956, under sponsorship of the ACFS.
A group of 11 university students from Australia went to Communist China,
in January 1957.
During the years 1955-1956, the following named members of the ACFS
travelled to non-Communist countries as guests of various student organi-
zations:
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A delegation of Chinese students
visited Denmark, in July 1955.
Among the members were CH'EN Hsing
LAO Yuan-hui
CHENG Chi-wing
A delegation visiting Indonesia
as guests of the Indonesian
College Students' Association
(PPSI), in August 1955, in-
cluded
CH'IEN Ta-wei
TSENG Chu-sen
A delegation visited Australia as
guests of the National Union
of Australian University Stu-
dents January-March 1956,
headed by CH'IEN Ta-wei
A delegation toured England and
Scotland as guests of the Stu-
dents' Union of the London
School of Economics, in Febru-
ary ~-
1956. This group included YUAN Li-shen
WAN Chiao
A delegation attended the 45th
Congress of the French Union of
National Students in April 1956,
headed by CHENG Chi-min
During 1955-1956, many delegations of journalists and specially in-
vited individuals visited China as guests of the All-China Federation of
Journalists and the Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign Coun-
tries. Among them were those from Yugoslavia, Indonesia, France, India,
the Philippines, Denmark, Egypt, Syria, Italy, Thailand, Japan, and Mexi-
co. Among those from Japan were some with connections with the Communist
Party of Japan and the Asian Solidarity Committee of Japan. Press repre-
sentatives travelled with most of the cultural, trade, and other delega-
tions from Japan invited to China during this period.
The All-China Federation of Journalists entertained a.15-man press
and radio delegation from Japan and a Pakistani delegation of journalists
in 1956.
A reception was given in Peking, in July 1956, for a group of jour-
nalists from Ir;dia, Pakistan, Japan, Iran, Syria, Brazil, Chile, Mexico,
Peru, Bolivia, and Uruguay who had travelled to visit China following the
IOJ conference in Helsinki.
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A delegation of Chinese writers
visited Yugoslavia, in Decem-
ber 1956, headed by
A delegation of journalists ar-
rived in Cairo, on 8 December
1956, under terms of the Sino-
Egyptian Cultural Cooperation
Agreement. In charge was
The Chinese Communist delegation
to the Asian Writers Confer-
ence in New Delhi, December
1956, included
11
LIU Pai-yu
MAO Tun (SHEN Yen-ping)
CHOU Yang
LAO She (SHU She-yu)
HAN Pei-ping
YANG So, Secretary General
YEH Sheng-t'ao
HSIAO San (Emi Siao)
WANG Jen-shu
PAI Lang (f)
YU Kuan-ying
YEH Chun-chien
Zhya Saimati
LIU Hui-cheng (f)
MENG Chi-ch'ing
P'AN Ching-i
YU Pao-ts'ui
During 1956, according to New China News Agency, 76 Chinese scien-
tists attended 16 international scientific conferences held in 13 coun-
tries, including the Netherlands, Brazil, Spain, Belgium, and France.
Nearly 200 scientists from 19 countries visited China to lecture or at-
tend scientific conferences.
The Communist China National Com-
mittee of the International
Geophysical Year (IGY) and the
Academy of Science sent a dele-
gation of 5 to Barcelona for
the 10 September 1956 meeting
of Advisory Committee for the
International Geophysical Year.
Members also attended a Brussels
meeting 29 August of the Inter-
National Scientific Radio Union
(URSI) - IGY Committee on Iono-
sphere. They also attended a
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Sino-Soviet/Yugoslav IGY meet-
ing in Moscow, 20-25 August.
Members included
Two professors visited Zurich,
Switzerland, in September
1956, to acquire equipment
for research on aircraft pro-
duction. They were
CH'EN Tsung-ch'i--Secretary of
Chinese Communist Committee
for IGY.
CHU Kang-k'un--Deputy Secretary
of Chinese Communist Committee
for IGY.
LU Pao-wei--Ionosphere expert.
CH'EN Hung-o--Secretary
HU Ch'ing--Secretary
CH'IEN Wei-ch'ang
CHU Chao-hsiang
A Scientific delegation to Paki-
stan, January 1955, included
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng--Leader
HOU Te-pang
TI Chao-pai
ANG Hu-chen
HSUEH Yu
At a national medical conference in Peking, in July 1956, Dr. FU
Lien-chang stated that, in 1955, medical delegations from 20 countries
visited Communist China and medical delegations were sent abroad from
China to the same number of countries. FU claimed the association's
journals and periodicals had reached a circulation of 210,000, "excluding
foreign editions."
Medical delegations visiting China during 1955-56, under sponsor-
ship of the China Medical Association, included ones from Italy, France,
Argentina, Great Britain, Indonesia, and Japan.
A Chinese medical delegation at-
tending a seminar for public
health workers in London, April
1956, included CHU Cheng
YEN Ching-ching
YAO K'o-fang
A medical delegation from China
to Finland, in August 1956,
was headed by
Dr. CHU Fu-t'ang
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Delegation to International Union
against Tuberculosis, held at
Trivandrum, India, January
1956, and in New Delhi, Janu-
ary 1957, included
HUANG Ting-ch'en (CHANG Ting-
chen)
During 1955, the Political Science and Law Association was host to
jurists and lawyers from India, Japan, Egypt, the Sudan, Great Britain,
France, Chile, Argentina, and Brazil.
Delegation to Conference of Asian
Lawyers, Calcutta, January
1955, included
CHANG Chih-jan
CH'EN Shou-i
CHU Ch'i-wen
HAN Yu-t'ung (f)
WANG Fei-jan
WANG I-fu
TRADE, FAIRS, EXHIBITIONS
Since early 1955, the China Committee for Promotion of International
Trade has been host to commercial delegations from the following coun-
tries: Japan (many), Indonesia, Thailand, Belgium, Malaya, Singapore,
Cambodia, Greece, Switzerland, Great Britain, Netherlands, Italy, the
Sudan, France, and Egypt.
Delegations have been sent from Communist China to the following
trade fairs and exhibitions, all these delegations being sponsored by
the China Committee for the Promotion of International Trade:
Location
Date Head of Delegation or Delegate
Lyons, France
April 1955
YANG Hao-lu (YANG Hao-lai)
LU Chi-ying (f)
kjavik
Iceland
Re
Jul
1955
,
y
Damascus, Syria,
y
August 1955
CHIANG Ming
World Fair
LU Chi-ying
WANG Shu
(f)
Cairo Exhibit
Djakarta, Indonesia
June 1955
August-September
MA I-min
1955 HUANG Wei-min--Commercial
Attache, Embassy, Dja-
karta
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Location
New Delhi, Toy Exhibit
New Delhi, India
Beirut, Lebanon
Jiddak, Saudi Arabia
Tokyo Trade Fair
Tokyo/Osaka Exhibits,
Japan
Cairo, Egypt
Paris, France
Vienna, Austria
Reykjavik, Iceland
Turin, Italy
Kabul, Afghanistan
Amsterdam, Holland
Damascus, Syria
Dacca, Pakistan
Jogjakarta, Indonesia
Tunis, France
March 1955
October 1955
January 1956
January 1956
May 1955
November 1955
March 1956
May 19 56
September 1956
July 19 56
May 1956
August 1956
July 1956
August 1956
Late 1956
September 1956
October 1956
Head of Delegation or Delegate
MA I-min
CHIANG Ming
WANG Shu
CHIANG Ming
WANG Shu
TS'AO Chung-shu
TS'AO Chung-shu
HSU Te-ming
FENG T'ieh-ch'eng
HSIAO Hsiang-ch'ien
YEH Chi-chuang
YANG Shu-fan
CHI Chao-ting
YU K'o-ch'ien
CHI Ch'ao-ting
LI Ying-chi
CHANG Chao-hsuan
Karachi Industrial
Fair
Lahore, Pakistan, Arts
and Crafts Exhibit
Olympia, Great
Britain, Commodity
Exhibit
Leipzig International
Fair
Leipzig International
Fair
September-October
1955
December 1955
September 1956
HOU Te-pang
WANG Han-min
YU K'o-ch'ien
CHIANG Ming
CH'I Wei-li
YU Li-kuang
CHUANG Yen
HO K'o
WANG Chin-hsiu
CHANG Sun-wei (f)
CHIANG Kuan -nai
WANG Hsin-ygan--Deputy head
HSIEH Chin
Delegates attending the second assembly of the Argentine Commission
for the Promotion of International Trade in Buenos Aires, in June 1955,
included: LI Ying-chi, HSU Sheng-wu, and CH'EN Feng-ping. SHU Tzu-ching
headed a Chinese Communist delegation to the April 1956 meeting of the
Commission of Asian and Far Eastern Affairs of the International Chamber
of Commerce in Bandung. Delegations sent by the CCPIT to stimulate trade
between these countries and Communist China and their leaders (named first
unless otherwise specified) included:
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Location
Indonesia
Japan
Egypt
Switzerland
Yugoslavia
Sudan
Finland
Ceylon
Egypt
Cambodia
Australia, South and
Central America,
Europe
Europe, Near East
Western Europe
United Kingdom,
India, Singapore
France (technical
mission)
Tunisia, Libya, and
Morocco
Cambodia (economic
delegation)
Date Head of Delegation or Delegate
June-November KUNG Yuan
195+
March-May 1955
May 1956
January 1955
Mid-1956
November 1955-
February 1956
LI Chu-ch'en--Deputy leader
YEH Yin
CHIN Lien-san
YEH Chi-chuang
HSU Sheng-wu
CH'Et Feng-ping
CHI Chao-ting
K'UNG Yuan
April 1956 YEH Chi-chuang
May 1956 LIN Hai-yun
December 1956
LI K'o-fu
YEH Chi-chuang
YANG Hao-lu
JEN Ji-pei
LIU Kuang-han
YAO Nai-an
CHIU Wen-min
October 1956 CHIANG Ming
October 1956 LIN Hai-yin
September-October HSU P'eng-fei (B.F.HSU)
1956 LI Chu-ch'en
Mid-1956
Mid-1956
1956
WANG Yao-t'ing
SU Han-chih
MA I-min
CHANG Huan-wen
CH'AO Yung-sen
CHEEN Chia-hsi (CH'EN Ja-
he, J.H. CHEN)
CHANG Hsien-ch'eng
November-December CH'I Wei-li
1956 YU Li-kuang
September 1956 YEH Ching-hao
Khartoum, Sudan (trav- November 1956
elled via India,
Burma, Ceylon,
Egypt)
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TS'AO Kuei-sheng
SHEN Hsien-lua
FAN Neng-li
CHENG Tai-wei
CH'EN Yang
MAO P'ei-heng
CHANG Tang-chiao
LI Tzu-ying
MAO Chi-then
TSUNG Wen-tzu
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During 1955 and early 1956, the China Peace Committee (CPC) invited
and acted as host to a number of visiting cultural figures, so-called
"peace partisans," and journalists from India, Japan, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon,
Jordan, the Sudan, Brazil, Cuba, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, Great Britain,
Australia, Denmark, New Zealand, France, Spain, Egypt, and Italy.
Besides the CPC, other Chinese Communist organizations actively spon-
soring these peace delegations included the PIFA, Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs, and the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
D. Hewlett Johnson, Dean of Canterbury, has visited Communist China
3 times since 1949, the last time in August-September 1956 on invitation
from the CPC.
Chinese Communist delegates attended the first World Conference for
Prohibiting Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs held in Tokyo, in August 1955. This
delegation was headed by LIU Ning-i and members included CHENG Fang-wu
and HSIEH Ping-hsin. The Japan-China Friendship Association was active
in entertaining the delegation and arranging its activities. Another
delegation, headed by HSU Kuang-ping, attended the second World Conference
for Prohibiting Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs held in Tokyo and Nagasaki, in
August 1956. Among the delegates were: ANG Yung-ho, a trade union leader;
WANG YOn-sheng; TS'AO Yu, a writer; and K'ANG Yung-ho. KUO Mo-jo headed
a 14-man delegation to a WPC meeting in Colombo, Ceylon, in June 1957.
Extensive contacts with non-Communist countries have been made through
visits of groups of Moslems, under sponsorship of the China Islamic Asso-
ciation and the friendship associations, to countries of Asia and the Near
East which have large Moslem populations. The most important of these
delegations was the Chinese Communist Haj Mission to Mecca, headed by PAO
Erh-han (Burhan), with Jamal-a-din LI Shu as deputy and at least 22 mem-
bers, in August-September 1956. Another group made a pilgrimage to Mecca,
during the same months in 1955, headed by TA P'u-sheng (Shiekh Nur Mohammed)
visiting many countries en route, including Egypt, Afghanistan, Pakistan,
Indonesia, and India. Moslem delegations have on a number of occasions
visited China from Indonesia, and several groups of Chinese Moslems have
paid return visits. Similar exchanges of visits with groups from India,
Afghanistan, and Pakistan have been made.
Use of the Chinese Buddhist Association for contacts with Buddhists
in non-Communist countries such as Burma, Japan, Thailand, and Nepal has
been promoted as a part of the development of relations with these coun-
tries. Some of the groups are described as "peace" delegations. Two of
the leaders of many of these delegations representing Communist China have
been HU Pa-meng and Shirob Galtso (Hsi-jao-Chia-ts'o).
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Examples of the extension of these tactics to others than Moslems
and Buddhists are:
Visit of Dr. RAJAH MANIKAM, Bishop of the Lutheran Church of India,
on invitation of the China-India Friendship, Association, in March
1956.
Three visits of D. Hewlett Johnson, Dean of Canterbury, to Communist
China, since 1949, under the auspices of the China Peace Committee.
Visit of Rev. J.S. WILLIAMS, Secretary General of the All-India Fed-
eration of National Churches, to Peking, in September 1956, at the
invitation of WU Yao-tsung, Chairman of the National Committee of
the Churches in China for the Realization of Self-Administration.
Niphon Saba, head of the Lebanese delegation to the 1955 World As-
sembly for Peace at Helsinki and Archbishop of the Greek Orthodox Church
of Lebanon, was invited to Communist China, in June 1956, by the China
Peace Committee, and was entertained by the China Islamic Association and
China Buddhist Association, as well as by LIU En-hou, of the Greek Ortho-
dox Church in Communist China.
Bishop TING Kuang-hsun (TING Kuei-t'ang) and his wife, KUO Hsiu-mei,
attended the Lambeth Convocation in London, in July 1956.
Parliamentary groups from a number of non-Communist countries visited
Communist China in 1955-56. Clear lines of distinction cannot be drawn
as to which Chinese Communist front organizations issued the invitations
for such visits. Invitations to important government leaders of those
countries with which Communist China was then negotiating diplomatic re-
lations have been made in the name of LIU Shao-ch'i, chairman of the
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and vice chairman
of the Chinese Communist Party. These groups have included members or
heads of governments of India, Britain, Indonesia, Finland, Pakistan,
Cambodia, Burma, and Laos. Some of these parliamentary group visits were
also sponsored by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as in the cases of
foreign ministers and other high officials. In the cases of members of
parliament of countries with which Communist China has not established
diplomatic relations and persons of lesser stature in countries with which
relations do exist (i.e. governors and mayors), although they are given
the "red carpet" treatment while in China, they are usually invited by
the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs (PIFA), whose leaders
handle the visitors' tours and entertainment. Such visits have included
members of parliament from Belgium, Great Britain, India, Indonesia,
Egypt, West Germany, Brazil, Japan, Malaya, Syria, Sweden, and Burma, and
governors, mayors, and lesser government officials of Afghanistan, Burma,
Ceylon, Nepal, India, Indonesia, Japan, Pakistan, and Egypt, among others.
CHANG Hsi-jo, president of the PIFA, and P'ENG Chen, mayor of Peking, are
usually in the forefront in welcoming the latter type of group.
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Among others, Communist China sent a 3-man delegation of the PIFA,
headed by CHOU Keng-sheng, vice president of PIFA, for a week's visit to
Britain, in September 1956, on invitation of the British United Nations
Association. The PIFA and Ministry of Foreign Affairs co-sponsored
another delegation which was sent to the coronation in Nepal, in April
1956.
A Chinese Communist delegation to the 44th Conference of the Inter-
Parliamentary Union in Finland, August 1955, was headed by P'ENG Chen.
Other members of the group were LEI Chieh-ch'iung (f), LIAO Ch'eng-chih,
NAN Han-ch'en, CHIANG Nan-hsiang, and CH'IEN Tuan-sheng.
CHANG Chih-hsiang attended the Congress of Mayors of World Capitals
in Florence, Italy, in October 1955. CHANG headed a Chinese theater
group attending the International Theater Festival in Paris, in June 1955,
also paying visits to the Netherlands, Belgium, England, Switzerland,
Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia, en route.
There were many exchanges of delegations in the cultural/educational
field between Communist China and a number of non-Communist countries.
Some of the countries to which delegations travelled in 1955-56 were:
Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia-New Zealand, Austria, Burma, Canada,
Egypt, Ceylon, Finland, France, Greece, Great Britain, Ethiopia, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Nepal, Sudan, Lebanon, Syria, Yugoslavia,
Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Mexico, Pakistan, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzer-
land, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. In turn, delegations from all these
countries, plus Ireland, paid visits to China, under the general sponsor-
ship of the Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with
Foreign Countries and, where such exists, the friendship association
created in the name of China and the country concerned. Delegations were
made up of varied groups and sometimes were mixed between the cultural
educational and other fields, such as journalists, "peace fighters," those
concerned with stimulating trade, scientists, women's groups, etc.
Under the classification cultural/educational were included: Artists,
song and dance ensembles, Chinese classical theater groups, opera compa-
nies (particularly the National Opera of Peking), art exhibits, exhibits
of native crafts, acrobatic troupes, athletic performers, educators,
scholars, archeologists, actors, film producers and workers., motion pic-
ture exhibitions, and the like. Among the delegations to Communist China
were included many members of and sympathizers with the Communist parties
in the various countries but a large portion were non-Communists and
publicity on activities of the delegations was designed to conceal any
Communist involvement.
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Contacts of delegations from China to the countries named were gen-
erally with non-Communist leaders in the respective fields so far as
publicity was concerned, but there were undoubtedly also contacts with
the local Communist parties by some designated members of the delegations.
While in those countries where China friendship associations or comparable
organizations have been established, much of the entertaining of the
Chinese Communist delegates was handled by members of these associations.
The following are a few of those who have been leaders of various
cultural/educational delegations sent abroad by Communist China:
CHANG Chih-hsiang
CHANG Shao-ting
CHAO Feng
CHAO I-min
CHENG Chen-to
CHI Ch'ao-ting
CH'IEN Tuan-sheng
CH'U T'u-nan
FANG Ming
ROU Te-pang
HSIEH Ping-hsin (f)
HSU Kuang-hsiao
HSU Kuang-p'ing (f)
KUO Mo-jo
LI I-mang
LI Ming-sheng
MA Shao-po
MA Han-ping
MAO I-sheng (aka MAO, Eason)
MEI Lan-fang
OU-YANG Yu-ch'ien
SOONG Ch'ing-ling (Mme. SUN Yat-sen)
SUN Ping-hua
TING Hsi-lin
TSAI Chu-sheng
WANG Han-min
WANG Li
WU Han
WU Wen
There have been some delegations to and from Communist China which
are designated only as "good will" missions. An example is the delega-
tion sent to China, by Tunisia, in September-October 1955, which was in-
vited by the China Peace Committee, the Association for Cultural Relations
with Foreign Countries and the China Islamic Association.
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Red Cross delegations were exchanged with Japan and Great Britain,
in 1955 and 1956. Public health delegations were also exchanged between
these two countries and Communist China. Professor YEN Ching-ching headed
such a delegation to Britain, in April 1956, representing the China Medi-
cal Association. LI Te-ch'uan headed Red Cross delegations to England,
in June 1955; Japan, in October 1954; Geneva, in 1953; Canada, in 1952;
Geneva, in 1951; and Monaco, in 1950.
Agricultural delegations from Communist China were sent to India,
in September 1956, and to Indonesia, in July, of the same year. Agri-
cultural delegations were entertained in China: from Yugoslavia, in Sep-
tember 1956, and from Italy, in October 1956. These are among a number
of similar agricultural and cooperatives delegations exchanged. LIU Jui-
lung headed an agricultural delegation to Burma, in March 1955, and CHIN
Chao-yeh led a similar delegation, also to Burma, in September 1956.
Among exchanges of military missions have been those from India, in
September and November 1956; from Indonesia, in September-October 1956
and May 1957; and from Sweden, in June 1956. A group of 30 former Japanese
officers were invited on a good-will mission to China, in October 1956.
The invitation, according to the Tokyo press, came from CHANG Hsi-jo, head
of the "Council of People's Diplomacy of Communist China." Since CHANG
is head of the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs (PIFA), these
are believed to be identical. Peking offered to pay all expenses of the
trip. This was not strictly a military mission since it did not include
any officers of Japan's present military forces. Military missions have
been invited by the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs and the
Ministry of National Defense and entertained by military and government
leaders while in China. A Yugoslav military mission arrived in Peking,
4 October 1956, and a Chinese Communist military delegation left for Bel-
grade, two days later. Marshal YEH Chien-ying headed a military good-
will delegation to Burma, in January 1957.
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ACAMS All China Association of Medical Societies
ACDWF All China Democratic Women's Federation
ACFC All China Federation of Cooperatives
ACFDY All China Federation of Democratic Youth
ACFICA All China Federation of Industry and Commerce Associations
ACFJ All China Federation of Journalists
ACFLAC All China Federatior. of Literature and Art Circles
ACFS All China Federation of Students
ACFSS All China Federation of Scientific Societies
ACFTU All China Federation of Trade Unions
ACRFC Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with For-
eign Countries
ACSF All China Sports Federation
ACUC All China Union of Commerce
ADSTK Association for Dissemination of Scientific and Technical
Knowledge
APPLC Asian Pacific Peace Liaison Committee
ASC Asian Solidarity Committee
BOC Bank of China
BOCOM Bank of Communications
CAB Civil Aviation Bureau
CAPD China Association for Promoting Democracy
CBA China Buddhist Association
CBFA China-Burma Friendship Association
CCP Chinese Communist Party
CCPIT China Committee for Promotion of International Trade
CDL China Democratic League
CDNCA China Democratic National Construction Association
CIFA China-India Friendship Association
CINFA China-Indonesia Friendship Association
CISA China-Islamic Association
CJFA China-Japan Friendship Association
CKT Chih Kung Tang
CNDYL China New Democratic Youth League
CNIEC China National Import-Export Corporation
COCA Commission of Overseas Chinese Affairs
CPC China Peace Committee
CPG Chinese People's Government
CPPCC Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
CPPG Chinese People's Parliamentary Group
CPWDP China Peasants and Workers Democratic Party
CRC Christian Religious Circles
CREC China Resources Company
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CSS Chiu San Society
CTS China Travel Service
FA Friendship Association
FISE World Federation of Teachers Unions
FROCA Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese Associations
IADL International Association of Democratic Lawyers
ICCC Chilian-Chinese Cultural Institute
ICFA India-China Friendship Association
ICPT International Committee for Promotion of Trade
IIP International Institute for Peace
I0J International Organization of Journalists
IPU Inter-Parliamentary Union
IUS International Union of Students
KMT Kuomingtang
KMTRC Kuomingtang Revolutionary Committee
MFT Ministry of Foreign Trade
NCNA New China News Agency
NIEA National Illiteracy Elimination Association
NPC National People's Congress
OIR International Broadcasting Organization
PCFS Pakistan-China Friendship Association
PIFA Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs
PRMC People's Revolutionary Military Committee
PSLA Political Science and Law Association
ROCA Returned Overseas Chinese Association
SSFA Sino-Soviet Friendship Association
TDSGL Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League
UCW Union of Chinese Writers
UFD United Front Department of CCP
WCD World Congress of Doctors
WFDY World Federation of Democratic Youth
WFSW World Federation of Scientific Workers
WFTU World Federation of Trade Unions
WIDF Women's International Democratic Federation
WPC World Peace Committee (Council)
YCL China Young Communist League
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APPENDIX B
ALPHABETIZED LIST OF CHINESE NAMES
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AI Ssu-ch'i--ACRFC Board of Directors; Director of Office for
Control of Returned Students; CPC National Committee; member,
CPPCC.
AI Ta-yen--ACRFC.
AN-NI WA-ERH (aka CHIA Ku-lin)--ACRFC.
AN Shu-chu--WPC.
ANG Hu-chen--Member, scientific delegation to Pakistan, January
1955.
ANG Jan Goan--Indonesia-China FA; Director, pro-Communist Sin Po;
influential in Djakarta Overseas Chinese circles.
ANG Yung-ho--See Part VI - Peace Groups.
BURHAN (BURHAN Shahidi) (PAO Erh-Han) (Burhan Al-Din Shahidi)--
WPC; CPC; PSLA; CPPCC; Chairman, China-Islamic Association;
Indonesia FA; Egypt FA; See Part VI - Religious Groups; former
Governor of Sinkiang Province; ACRFC Standing Committee.
CHAI Tse-min--ACSF, ACRFC.
CHAN Lo-min--WPC.
CHAN Wu--Assistant Manager and Member of Board of Directors, Bank
of China, Peking.
CHANG Chan-to--See CHANG Chen-te.
CHANG Chao-hsuan--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
CHANG Chen-te (CHANG Chan-to) (f)--See Part VI - Youth.
CHANG Chi-chan--Represents China National Instruments Import Cor-
poration in Switzerland.
CHANG Chi-hsin (CHANG Kee Yen, CHANG Gi Hsing)--Sub-manager, Bank
of China, Singapore.
CHANG Chi-shiu--Burma-China FA, Part V.
CHANG Chi-ping--Consul General, Bombay, India.
CHANG Chieh--Secretary General of CISA; Pakistan FA.
CHANG Ch'ien (f)--See Part VI - Women.
CHANG Chih-jang--PSLA; IADL; PIFA; Vice Chief Justice of Supreme
Court; member, ASC; CPC National Committee; member, CPPCC.
CHANG Chin-hsui--Burma-China FA.
CHANG Chung-shih--ACRFC.
CHANG Fang--Commercial Attache, Egypt.
CHANG Hai-ken--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Calcutta Branch;
formerly with the Bank of Communications.
CHANG Hsi-jo (Shirow Y. CHANG)--Standing Committee, ACRFC; Indo-
nesia FA; NIEA; Chairman of PIFA; See Part VI - Parliamentary
Groups and Miscellaneous Groups; CPPCC Standing Committee; CPC
National Committee; Vice Chairman of Peking SSFA; delegate,
WPC, Prague, April 1949.
CHANG Hsi-Jung (S.W. CHEUNG)--Director, Min An Insurance Co.,
Hong Kong; Manager of the Pao Sheng Native Bank and China and
South Seas Bank, both in Hong Kong.
CHANG Hsien-ch'eng--Connected with CCPIT; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs,
Exhibitions.
CHANG Hua-tseng--Commercial representative, Syria; former director,
Bureau of Import of CNIEC.
CHANG Hua-tung--Chief, Import Bureau, Ministry of Foreign Trade.
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CHANG Huan-wen--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Manager,
China Resources Company, Hong Kong.
CHANG I--WFDY; member, Viet Minh FA.
CHANG Jui-fang--ASC.
CHANG Ko--Cultural Attache, Pakistan..
CHANG Kuang-chun--Superintendent, Bank of China, Rangoon.
CHANG Kuang-tan--Director, China National Transport Machinery
Import Corporation.
CHANG Kuang-tou--Commercial Counsellor, East Germany.
CHANG Kuo-chi--Educator; Indonesia-China FA; Vice Chairman, Dja-
karta Overseas Chinese General Association; was delegate to
NPC in 1954.
CHANG Ming-pang--ASC.
CHANG Nai-chfi--CCPIT Central Committee; Minister of Food; CDNCA
Executive Committee; CPC member; SSFA Executive Committee;
member, Bank of China board of directors, Peking.
CHANG Ping-tse (f)--Secretary General, Import Department of CNIEC.
CHANG Po-ch~un--WPC since 1950; CDL; Chairman, CPWDP; Vice Chair-
man, CPPCC; CPPG; CPC Standing Committee; SSFA; Minister of
Communications; target of major criticism as "rightist" in
1957?
CHANG Shao-ting--See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
CHANG Shui-hua--ASC.
CHANG Sun-wei (f)--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs Exhibitions.
CHANG Tang-chiao--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
CHANG T'ieh-sheng--ACRFC; see NCNA.
CHANG T'ien-ming--See Part VI - Trade Unions; ACFTU Executive Com-
mittee; Chairman, China Building Worker's Union.
CHANG Ts'an-ming--Ambassador to Ceylon.
CHANG Tso-mei--Delegate to International Metallurgists' Confer-
ence, Moscow, June 1956; WFSW; member, Academy of Sciences.
CHANG Tsung (f)--See Part VI - Women.
CHANG Tze-ming (f)--See Part VI - Women.
CHANG, W.C.--Assistant Commercial Counsellor, Yugoslavia.
CHANG Wei-then--WFTU; ACFDY Secretariat.
CHANG Wei-lung--NCNA Director in New Delhi.
CHANG Yi-ting--See CHIANG I-ting.
CHANG Yang--Editor, NCNA Macao office.
CHANG Yang-chiang--Vice Manager of China Travel Service, Hong
Kong.
CHANG Ying-wu--Cultural Attache, USSR.
CHANG Yueh--Deputy head of permanent trade delegation in Cairo.
CHANG Yueh-hsia (f)--See Part VI - Women; member, National Committee
of CPPCC; member, Asian Solidarity Committee.
CHANG Yun-hsiao (Y.S. CHANG)--Commercial Attache, Switzerland;
Manager of Universal Development Co., in 1951; Min An Insurance
Company shareholder.
CH'AO Chi--Director, China National Metals Import Corporation.
CHAO Chi-chang--Director, China National Technical Import Corpo-
ration.
CHAO Ching-san (C.S. CHAO)--Assistant Manager, China Resources
Company, Hong Kong.
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CHAO Chung-shih--Consul General, Djakarta.
CHAO Feng--Standing Committee, ACRFC; ASC; Malaya FA; see Part
VI - Cultural Groups; SSFA Executive Committee.
CHAO Fu-san--CRC; ACRFC Board of Directors; Deputy Secretary of
Peking YMCA.
CHAO I-min--Vice Chairman of ACRFC; WPC; CCP Propaganda Depart-
ment; member, ASC; CPPCC; headed cultural delegation to Chile,
in July 1954, and to Argentina, in August 1954; see Part VI -
Cultural Groups.
CHAO Kuo-ch'iang--WFTU; ACFTU; See Part VI - Trade Unions; Vice
President, WFTU-TUI for Metal and Engineering Workers.
CHAO Po-chu--See CHAO P'u-ch'u.
CHAO P'u-ch'u (CHAO Po-chu)--ACRFC; CPC; CBA; WPC.
CHAO Wei-chang--Commercial Counsellor, East Germany.
CH'AO Yung-sen (W.S. CHAU)--See Part VI-Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions;
former Manager, Export Department, China Resources Company,
Hong Kong.
CHAU, Felix--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
CHE Tai--Commercial Attache, North Vietnam.
CH'EN Ch'eng-chia--Japan-China FA.
CH'EN Ch'eng-chung--Director, China National Silk Corporation;
leader of chemical fiber mission to Japan, March 1957.
CH'EN Chia-hsi--Secretary, Shipping Department, China Resources
Company, Hong Kong; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
CH'EN Chia-k'ang (CH'EN Ch'uan-kang)--WFDY; ACFDY; Assistant to
Minister of Foreign Affairs; PIFA Board of Directors; SSFA;
Ambassador to Egypt; Minister to Yemen.
CH'EN Chia-keng--See TAN Kah-kee.
CH'EN Chih-fang--Ambassador to Syria.
CH'EN Ching-yu--ASC; ACFICA; CDNCA Central Committee; CPPCC Na-
tional Committee; Wuhan CPC and SSFA; one of founders of CISA.
CH'EN Chun-ming--Assistant Commercial Attache, Burma.
CH'EN Chung-ching--ACRFC; Burma FA.
CH'EN Feng-ping--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Deputy
Chief, Economics Research Department of CCPIT.
CH'EN Han-sheng--ACRFC; India FA; WPC; ASC; PIFA; member, CCPIT
Central Committee; Deputy Director, International Relations
Institute of Academy of Sciences.
CH'EN Hsin-jen--Ambassador to Finland.
CH'EN Hsing--IUS; See Part VI - Students.
CH'EN Hsu-tsung--WFDY.
CH'EN Huang-mei--ACRFC.
CHEN Hung-chin--Supervisor, Chinese Communist banks, Calcutta;
former editor of the China Review; former representative of
NCNA in Calcutta.
CH'EN Hung-o--See Part VI - Scientists.
CH'EN I--ACRFC Board of Directors; NIEA; SSFA Executive Board;
CPPCC Standing Committee; Vice Chairman of National Defense
Council; Vice Premier; member, CCP Central Committee.
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CH'EN Jen-i--Australia FA, Part V.
CHIEN Jih-ch'ang--Manager, Min An Insurance Company, Hong Kong.
CHIEN Ju-tang--Nepal-China FA; Vice Governor of Kwangtung Prov-
ince; KMTRC Central Committee; member, CPPCC.
CHIEN K'ang-pai--ACRFC; ACFSS; WFSW; Secretary General, Academy
of Sciences.
CHIEN K'o-ch'ang--Member, Chinese Communist Trade Agency, Calcutta.
CHIEN K'o-han--Former Director, NCNA, 1950-1952.
CHIEN K'un-wang--Japan-China FA; Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas
Chinese Association.
CHIEN Kuo-chieh--Reporter for NCNA bureau in Macao.
CHIEN Kuo-hsun (SHEN Kuo-hsun)--Assistant Manager, Civil Avia-
tion Bureau Office in Rangoon.
CH'EN Li-ang--IOJ.
CH'EN Lo-min--WPC; translator on staff of IIP.
CHIEN Lung--Director, Foreign Language News Department, NCNA.
CHIEN 0 (CHEN Eh)--WFTU.
CHEN Po--Superintendent, Bank of China, Calcutta.
CH'EN Po-liu--Assistant Director of all Chinese Communist banks
in Hong Kong; Manager, Kincheng Banking Corporation, Hong
Kong; Stockholder and Director of China Travel Service, Hong
Kong, 1954.
CHIEN Shao-min (f)--WFTU; ACFTU; CCP Central Committee; CPPCC
Standing Committee; ACDWF Executive Committee.
CHEN Shen-yu--See CHENG Sheng-yu.
CH'EN Shih-wen (S.M. CHENG)--Assistant Manager, Export Depar-
China Resources Company, Hong Kong.
CHIEN Shou-i--IADL; Vice Minister of Justice; Dean of Law School,
Peking University; Chairman, Peking Lawyers Association.
CHIEN Shu-t'ung--WPC; Vice Chairman, CPC; Japan FA; SSFA; Vice
Chairman, CPPCC; Chairman, ACFICA; CPPG; member, PIFA Board
of Directors; Standing Committee, NPC.
CHIEN Ta-pai 'Editor, NCNA Macao office.
CHEN Ta-yuan--Cultural Counsellor, Denmark.
CHIEN Te-chien--WPC.
CHIEN Tien-shen (Sam CHINQUE)--See Part V, British-China FA; head
of NCNA office in London.
CHIEN Tso-hsuan--Manager, Kwangtung Provincial Bank, Hong Kong.
CHIEN Tsung-ch'i--See Part VI - Scientists.
CH'EN Wei-chi--CCPIT Central Committee; CDNCA Standing Committee;
Vice Minister of Textile Industry.
CH'EN Wen-ch'i--With NCNA propaganda unit in Hong Kong.
CH'EN Wen-k'uei (V.K. CHEN)--Industrial Exports Department, China
Resources Company, Hong Kong.
CHIEN Yen-chieh--Manager, China Travel Service, Swatow; formerly
with Sin Hua Trust, Savings and Commercial Bank, Hong Kong.
CHIEN Yu--WFTU; ACRFC Board of Directors; ACFTU Central Committee;
CPPCC National Committee; Minister of Coal Industry.
CHENG Chen-ku--Among those working on WPC Secretariat in Vienna,
June 1954.
CHENG Chen-to--ACRFC; Burma FA; ACFLAC; CPC; see Part VI - Cultural
Groups; CPPCC; headed cultural delegation to Burma, in February 1955.
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CHENG Chi-min (CHENG Chi-meng)--See Part VI - Students; reported
both as Secretary and as a Vice President of the IUS.
CHENG Chien-feng--Assistant manager, Bank of China, Calcutta
branch.
CH'ENG Chih-ping--Cultural Counsellor, Burma; in 195+ was Deputy
Director of the Information (Intelligence) Department, Minis-
try of Foreign Affairs.
CHENG Fang-wu--Japan FA; CPC; WPC; see Part VI - Peace Groups.
CHENG Hai-fong--Correspondent in Geneva covering International
Labor Organization Affairs.
CHENG Hsueh-heng (CHENG Hsiao-heng)--Assistant Manager, Bank of
China, Singapore.
CH'ENG Mu-hao (CH'IN Meng-hao, M.H. CHENG, CHENG Moo Hou)--Mana-
ger of the Bank of Communications, Hong Kong Branch; Director,
Min An Insurance Company; member, Board of Directors, Bank of
China, Peking.
CH'F,NG Nai-feng--Sub-manager of Young Brothers Banking Corpora-
tion, Hong Kong.
CHENG Pei-tang--Represents China National Metals Import Corpora-
tion in Switzerland.
CHENG Sheng-yu (CHEN Shen-yu)--ASC; CPC; among those working on
WPC Secretariat in Vienna, June 195+; delegate to All-India
Peace Congress, Calcutta, November 1956; delegate to WPC Meet-
ing in Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957; member of Executive Committee
of International Institute for Peace; IIP Secretariat.
CHENG T'ieh-ju (Shou J. CHEN, CHENG Tit-Yu)--Director of the Min
An Insurance Company, Hong Kong; Manager of the Bank of China,
Hong Kong branch; elected delegate to NPC, 1956; member, Board
of Directors, Bank of China, Peking.
CH'ENG Tz'u-fang--Resides in Indonesia; a Director of Indonesia-
China FA; entertained Chinese student delegation, September
1955?
CHENG Wei-ch'ang--See CHENG Ch'eng-wei.
CHENG Wei-chih--Ambassador to Denmark.
CHI Ch'ao-ting--Secretary General of CCPIT; ICPT; ACRFC
Board of Directors; see Part VI - Trade, Peace, and Cultural
Groups to Communist and non-Communist countries; member, PIFA
Board of Directors; see Part V, China-France FA; was deputy
head of cultural delegation to Italy, in April 1956; SSFA Ex-
ecutive Board; Deputy General Manager, and member of the Bank
of China Board of Directors; member, Executive Committee,
ACFICA; headed delegation, April 1957, to Industries Fair in
Hanover, West Germany; delegate to WPC Meeting in Colombo, Cey-
lon, June 1957; former secretary to H.H. KUNG; member of CCP.
CHI Chung-Chen--Head of permanent trade agency in Calcutta.
CHI Heng (CHIN Hung)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Calcutta.
CHI Hsien-lin--ASC; India FA.
CH'I Pai-shih--ACRFC; President, Association of Chinese Artists.
CHI Shu-wen--Burma-China Friendship Association, Part V.
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CHI Te-jung--WPC.
CHI Tsung-hua--WPC.
CHI-Van, Vladimir--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
CH'I Wei-li--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Deputy Sec-
retary General, CCPIT; head of Shanghai Office of Ministry of
Foreign Trade.
CHIANG Hao-jan--WFTU; Chairman, China Heavy Industry Workers'
Union; Vice President of WFTU-TUI for Chemical and Allied
Workers.
CHIANG I-ting (aka CHANG Yi-ting)--IUS.
CHIANG Kuang-nai--KMTRC Standing Committee; attended WPC Vienna
1953; headed delegation to Leipzig International Fair Febru-
ary 1955; Minister of Textile Industry; member, CPPCC.
CHIANG Ming--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Vice Minister
of Foreign Trade; member, CCPIT.
CHIANG Ping-chih--See TING Ling.
CHIANG Shu-min--Consul General, Bandjermasin, Indonesia.
CHIANG Wen-kuei (CHEUNG Man-kwei)--Manager, Bank of China, Cal-
cutta.
CHIANG Wong, Angel--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
CHIANG Yuan-chun--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers; NCNA cor-
respondent in Syria, March 1957.
CH'IAO Chu-yin--ACRFC.
CH'IAO Hsiao-kuang--Ambassador to North Korea.
CH'IAO Kuan-hua (CH'IAO Mu)--PIFA; WFDY; Assistant to Minister of
Foreign Affairs; advisor at Bandung and Geneva conferences;
member, CPPCC; CPC National Committee; headed former Interna-
tional News Bureau of News Administration.
CH'IAO P'ei-hsin--Director, Foreign Operations Administration,
People's Bank of China, Peking; General Manager, Bank of China,
Peking.
CH'IEN Chain-jui--CPC; ACRFC Board of Directors; ACFDY Central Com-
mittee; SSFA Secretary General; member, PIFA Board of Directors;
member, NIEA; CPPCC National Committee; Vice Minister of Cul-
ture; Deputy Chief of Second Staff Office, State Council; Sec-
retary General of Sino-Albanian FA; associated with NCNA.
CHIEN Hsin--Special NCNA correspondent, in London, September 1956.
CHIEN Hsing (f)--See Part VI - Women.
CH'IEN Li-jen--WFDY; IUS; ACFDY; ACFS secretary general; headed
ACFS delegation to Bandung Afro-Asian Student Conference.
CH'IEN San-ch'iang--Burma FA; WFDY; ACFDY; WFSW; ACFSS; Director,
Institute of Physics; member, WPC 1953-55; CPPCC Standing Com-
mittee; Scientific Planning Committee of State Council; member,
CPC; attended many international peace, science and youth con-
ferences.
CH'IEN Ta-wei--IUS; ACFDY Central Committee; WFDY; see Part VI -
Students; Deputy Secretary General of ACFS.
CHIEN Te--ASC.
CHIEN-TSAN-CHA-PA--ASC.
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CH'IEN Tuan-sheng--WPC; Board of Directors ACRFC; Pakistan FA;
PSLA; IADL; CDL Standing Committee; PIFA; professor of consti-
tutional law; headed scientific delegations to Pakistan in
195+ and 1955; CPPCC Standing Committee; CPC National Commit-
tee; delegate to IPU Helsinki, August 1955; delegate to WPC
Meeting in Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957?
CH'IEN Wei-ch'ang--Burma FA; ACRFC; ACFDY; see Part VI - Scientists;
member, National Committee of All China Federation of Natural
Science Societies; physicist; was member of cultural group
visiting India and Burma, in 1951; Vice President of Tsinghua
University.
CHIN Chao-hsien--Formerly represented CNIEC in East Berlin.
CHIN Chao-yeh--See Part VI - Miscellaneous.
CHIN Chia-lin--Charge ad interim, United Kingdom.
CHIN Chih-fu--See Part VI - Trade Unions; ACFTU Executive Committee;
WFTU General Council member; Chairman, Chinese Coal Miners'
Union.
CHIN Chung-hua (aka CHIN Hsiao-yu, C.K. KING, Benjamin KING)--
ACFJ; IOJ; ASC; Vice Mayor of Shanghai; member, Board of Di-
rectors of NCNA.
CHIN Hsiao-yu--See CHIN Chung-hua.
CHIN Hsu--Commercial Attache', Poland.
CHIN Keng--WFTU.
CHIN Lien-san--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Commercial
Attache, Egypt.
CHIN Meng-hao--See CH'ENG Mu-hao.
CHIN Shen-chih--First Secretary, Chinese Communist Embassy, Paki-
stan; addressed organizing meeting of Lahore Branch, Pakistan-
China FA.
CHIN Tung-ming--Manager, China Insurance Company, Hong Kong Of-
fice.
CHIN Yen--Deputy Director, Foreign Operations Administration,
Bank of China, Peking.
CH'IU Chin--WFTU; ACFTU Executive Committee; -represents labor
on CPPCC; Deputy to NPC for Shantung; Vice Chairman, Chinese
Seamen's Trade Union.
CHIU Chin-chung--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Medan, Indo-
nesia.
CHOU Chien-jen--Nepal FA; CAPD; CPPCC; and NPC Standing Commit-
tees; CPC National Committee; CDL Central Committee; SSFA;
former editor; Vice Minister of Higher Education.
CHOU Ching-san--Assistant Manager, China Resources Company, Hong
Kong.
CHOU Chu-an--Former Ambassador to Bulgaria.
CHOU Jung-hsin--CCPIT Central Committee; Deputy Minister of Build-
ing Construction; Chairman of Council of Architectural Society
of China.
CHOU Keng-sheng--Thailand FA; PIFA; see Part VI - Parliamentary
Groups; professor; Advisor to Minister of Foreign Affairs.
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CHOU Li-p'o--ACRFC; novelist.
CHOU Nan--IADL.
CHOU P'ei-yuan--WFSW; CSS 'Central Committee; Chairman, Society
of Physicists; Vice President of Peking University.
CHOU Shu-chia--Nepal FA; CPA.
CHOU Te-ming (T.M. CHOW)--Assistant Manager, Import Department,
China Resources Company, Hong Kong.
CHOU Tzu-kang (f)--WIDF; Executive Committee, ACDWF; member, Na-
tional Committee, CPPCC.
CHOU Wei-chih--Board of Directors ACRFC; India FA; dramatist;
Deputy Secretary General of ACFLAC.
CHOU Yang (CHOW Yang)--ACRFC; CPC, SSFA; ACFLAC; Union of Chinese
Writers; see Part VI - Journalists and Writers..
CHOU Ying-hua--Former Manager of China Travel Service, Hong Kong.
CHOU Yuan-hsi--Delegate to International Metallurgists' Confer-
ence, Moscow, June 1956; WFSW; member, Academy of Sciences.
CHU Chao-hsiang--See Part VI - Scientists.
CHU Cheng--WCD; ACAMS; see Part VI - Medical and Health Groups.
CHU Ch'i-wen--IADL; India FA; PSLA; Deputy Chief, First Staff
Office (Public Security) of State Council; headed delegation
to IADL meeting, Leipzig, June 1954; Ambassador to Bulgaria.
CHU Chia-k'uei (CHU Kia Kwei)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China,
Singapore.
CHU Fu-t'ang--See Part VI - Medical and Health Groups; WCD; pedia-
trician and Director of Peking Children's Hospital.
CHU Hsi-hsien--ACRFC.
CHU Hsueh-fan--WFTU; Vice Chairman, ACFTU; KMTRC Central Commit-
tee; SSFA Executive Board; CPPCC Standing Committee; CPC Na-
tional Committee; Minister of Posts and Telecommunications.
CHU Kang-k'un--See Part VI - Scientists.
CHU K'o-chen (aka CHU Co-thing, OU Fang)--ACRFC; ACFSS; President
of CPG International Geophysical Year Committee; ADSTK; Vice
Chairman, Academy of Sciences; propagandist; delegate to 8th
International Congress of the History of Science, Florence,
Italy, September 1956.
CHU Liang (CHU Ling)--WFDY; ACFDY; attended WFDY meetings 1954;
member, youth delegation to Belgium, 1955; WFTU.
CHU Ling--See CHU Liang.
CHU Mu-chih--Deputy Director of NCNA, Peking.
CHU Po-shen--ACRFC.
CHU Tsan--Deputy Secretary General of CBA; delegate to WPC meet-
ing Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957.
CH'U T'u-nan--Chairman of ACRFC; WPC; ASC; Indonesia FA; Pakistan
FA; CDL Central Committee; headed cultural groups to South
America in late 1956, and to Scandinavian countries in June
1955; CPPCC Standing Committee; NIEA; CPC.
CHU Tzu-chi--ASC; WPC; delegate to WPC meeting Colombo, Ceylon,
June 1957.
CHUAN Sun (Soon)--WFTU; ACFTU.
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CHUANG Hsi-ch'uan--Malaya FA; Vice Chairman, FROCA; long identi-
fied with Malaya CDL;-represents Overseas Chinese in NPC; Vice
Chairman, COCA; formerly in business in Singapore and the
Philippines.
CHUANG Ming-li (CHONG Beng-lee)--Malaya FA; Secretary General,
FROCA; member, COCA; long identified with Malaya CDL.
CHUANG Shih-p'ing (S.P. CHUANG, CHUANG Ssu-p'ing)--Sub-manager,
Bank of China, Hong Kong; possibly also Manager of the Andar
Company, Hong Kong branch.
CHUANG Yen--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Cultural
Counsellor, London.
CHUNG Chin-ming--See Part VI - Women.
CHUNG Hui-lan--WCD; ACAMS; active in ADSTK.
Donwang Jimzanchaba--Nepal FA.
FAN Ch'ang-chiang (Hsi-wen)--ACRFC Standing Committee; ACFDY;
ACFTU; SSFA;. CPC; editor/journalist; formerly Deputy Chief of
NCNA; Deputy Secretary General of Scientific Planning Commit-
tee; Deputy Director, 2nd Staff Office of State Council; CPPCC
National Committee.
FAN Tzu-wen--Vice Minister of Foreign Trade.
FAN Wen-lan--ACRFC; historian; Acting Director, CCP Central Re-
search Institute in Yenan, 1945; Secretary of CCP Shanghai bu-
reau, 191+7; assigned to rewrite Chinese history to follow CCP
propaganda line.
FANG Chun-chuang--Malaya FA; Indonesia FA; member, COCA; former
editor in Penang.
FANG Ling-ju--WIDF; Vice Chairman, Shanghai Democratic Women's
Federation; delegate to NPC, 1954; Professor of Chinese litera-
ture at Futan University, Shanghai.
FANG Ming--See Part VI - Trade Unions and Cultural Groups; Deputy
Director, International Liaison Department, ACFTU; Vice Chair-
man, China Educational Workers' Trade Union; WFTU (FISE).
FANG Pao-chiing--Manager, China Travel Service, Macao.
FANG Shan-kuei (S.K. FONG)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, in charge
of economic research, Hong Kong.
FANG T ien-ccheng--See FONG Tien Tcheng.
FANG Yuan-mou (FONG Yuen-mow)--Manager, China Travel Service,
Hong Kong.
FEN Pi--NCNA representative in Kabul, December 1956.
FENG Hsuan--Ambassador to Switzerland.
FENG T'ieh-ccheng--Japan FA; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhi-
bitions.
FONG T'ien Tcheng (FANG T'ien-ch'eng)--Commercial Attache, DRV.
FU Lien-chang (Nelson FU)--ACRFC Board of Directors; ASC; Chair-
man, ACAMS; Vice Minister of Public Health; CPPCC; ASC member;
see Part VI - Medical and Health Groups.
FU Nai-tung--Min An Insurance Company shareholder.
FU Sheng-lin--Director, Bureau of Export of CNIEC; MFT.
HA Feng-o (Ha-feng-a, Hafangga, T'ENG Shu-wen)--ACRFC Board of
Directors; Vice Chairman, Inner Mongolia People's Government;
SSFA; visited Europe with cultural delegation in 1952.
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HAN Nien-lung--See Part V, Sweden-China FA; Ambassador to Sweden.
HAN Pei-ping--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
HAN Yu-t'ung (f) (aka Mme. CHANG Yu-Yu, HAN Chi-min and HAN Yu-
hsiang)--IADL; PSLA delegate to Conference of Asian Lawyers,
Calcutta 1955; see Part VI - Jurists and Women; Moslem; member,
CPPCC National Committee.
HAO Te-ch'ing (HO Te-ch'ing)--Ambassador to Hungary.
HO Ch'eng-hsiang--CRC; ACRFC Board of Directors; Director of Bu-
reau of Religious Affairs of CPG; Deputy Director, First Office
of UFD.
HO Ch'i-fang--ACRFC Board of Directors; member, CPPCC; Deputy to
NPC from Shantung.
HO Chia-lin (HO Ping)--Assistant Manager, Industrial Exports De-
partment, China Resources Company, Hong Kong.
HO Hanson--See HO Hsien-ch'eng.
HO Hsi-ch'uan--IUS; SSFA; WFDY.
HO Hsiang-ning (Mme. LIAO Chung-K'ai) (f)--ACDWF; CPPCC; KMTRC;
Vice Chairman, CPPCC; Deputy to NPC; Chairman of COCA; SSFA
Executive Board; ACFLAC National Committee; holds honorary
position in Bank of China, Peking.
HO Hsien-ch'eng (Hanson HO)--Manager, Bank of China, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaya.
HO I-chen, Dr. (Mme. KO T'ing-sui) (f)--WFSS.
HO K'o--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
HO Lu-ting--ACRFC.
HO P'ing--See HO Chia-lin.
HO Te-ch'ing--See HAO Te-ch'ing.
HO Ting--ACRFC.
HO Wei--Ambassador to DRV (North Vietnam).
HO Ying--Indonesia FA; Ambassador to Mongolian People's Republic;
formerly with Chinese Communist embassy in Djakarta.
HOU Te-pang (aka CHIH-pen)--ACRFC Board of Directors; ACFSS; See
Part V - China-France; headed cultural delegations to India,
1954, to Pakistan, in 1955 and to Italy, in April 1956; CPC
National Committee; ASC; CPPG Executive Committee; WPC;. see
Part VI - Trade, Scientific, and Cultural Groups; CPPCC Standing
Committee; delegate to WPC meeting in Colombo, Ceylon, June
1957?
Hsi-jao-chia-ts'o (aka Shirob Galtso)--Chairman, China Buddhist
Association; Tibetan Lana, member, ASC; India FA; see Part VI -
Religious Groups.
HSI Nai-chieh (ZIH Nai Chee)--Sub-manager, Min An Insurance Com-
pany, Hong Kong; travels extensively in Southeast Asia; former-
ly with Pao Feng Insurance Company, Shanghai.
HSIA Ch'eng-chih (Shie Sheng-chi)--Manager, Sub-branch, Bank of
China, Rangoon.
HSIA Ts'ung-lung '(C.L. HSIA)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China,
Hong Kong.
HSIA Yen (aka SHEN Tuan-hsien or SHEN Jui-hsien)--ACRFC Board of
Directors; India FA; CPC National Committee; ACFLAC Standing
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Committee; Vice Minister of Culture; member, PIFA Board of Di-
rectors; member, good will delegation to India, November 1953;
active in SSFA.
HSIA Yung-hsin--WPC.
HSIANG K'o-fang--Superintendent of foreign branches of Bank of
China; visited Switzerland in 1950.
HSIAO Fang-chou--CCPIT.
HSIAO Hsiang-ch'ien--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Ja-
pan FA; deputy head of Economics Research Department of CCPIT;
Deputy Chief of Secretariat of PIFA.
HSIAO Kang--Burma FA.
HSIAO San (aka HSIAO Ai-mei and Emi SIAO)--Board of Directors,
ACRFC; ACFLAC; Union of Chinese Writers; WPC; member cultural
delegation to Chile and Argentina, 1954; SSFA Executive Com-
mittee; delegate to Asian Writers Conference, New Delhi, Decem-
ber 1956.
HSIEH Ch'i-chu--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Hong Kong.
HSIEH Ch'in--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Chief, Exhibi-
tion Department of CCPIT.
HSIEH Ch'un-pu--Commercial Counsellor, North Korea.
HSIEH Hsiao-nai--Head of Liaison Department of CCPIT.
HSIEH Hsueh-kung--Vice Minister of Foreign Trade.
HSIEH Li--Charge d'Affaires to Netherlands.
HSIEH Pang-ting (f)--IUS (former vice president); Secretary Gen-
eral of ACFS; ACFDY; CNDYL; member, National Committee, CPC;
delegate to World Congresses of peace, students, and youth;
headed delegation to international geography seminar in New
Delhi, 1956; in 1953, worked at IUS headquarters in the Educa-
tional, Cultural, and Travel Department.
HSIEH Ping-hsin (f) (aka HSIEH Wan-ying and Mme. WU Wen-tsao)--
Japan FA; WIDF; India FA; CPC; ACRFC Board of Directors; CAPD;
WPC; see Part VI - Women, Peace Groups, and Cultural Groups; mem-
ber, National Committee of ACFLAC.
HSIEH Shou-t'ien--Commercial Counsellor, London.
HSIEH Wan-ying (f)--See HSIEII Ping-hsin.
HSIEN Wen-t'ung--Manager, Young Brothers Banking Corporation,
Hong Kong.
HSIUNG Fu--Secretary General, CCP Propaganda Department; ASC; as-
sociated with NCNA.
HSIUNG Hsiang-hui--ACRFC.
HSU Chan-hsing--One of directors of China Travel Service; Manager
,,of Sin Ilua Trust, Savings and Commercial Bank, Hong Kong.
HSU Chieh--Former Manager, Andar Company, Bangkok Office; member,
ACFICA Executive Committee; Vice Minister of Geology; member
,,of CDL Central Committee.
HSU Chung-fu--Cultural Counsellor, Sweden.
HSU Hsiung--Assistant Manager, Civil Aviation Bureau, Rangoon Of-
fice.
HSU Hsueh-han--Vice Minister of Foreign Trade.
-117-
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 Approved F _ ___ _ DP78-00915R000800120001-9
fSU Hung-chiu--Cultural Attache, Czechoslovakia.
HSU Kuang-hsiao--See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
HSIJ Kuang-p' ing (f) (Mme. LU Hsun)--WIDF; ACRFC Board of Direc-
tors; ACDWF; CPPCC; CAPD; CPC National Committee; CDL Central
Committee; WPC; ACFLAC; see Part VI - Cultural Groups, and Peace
Groups; SSFA Executive Committee; NPC Standing Committee; mem-
ber, ASC.
HSU Lu-Kuang--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Calcutta branch.
HSU Mai-chin--OIR; ACFJ; Deputy Chief Broadcasting Administrs,tive
Bureau of CPG; CPPCC National Committee.
HSU Pei-ming (P.M. Shu, PAI Ming-shu)--Assistant Manager, Bank of
China, Rangoon.
HSU P'eng-fei (B.F. HSU)--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions;
Manager, Import Department, China National Resources Company,
Hong Kong.
HSU Ping-yu--ACRFC.
HSU Shao-chi--Manager, China Insurance Company, Djakarta.
HSU Sheng-wu--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Deputy Direc-
tor, Liaison Department, CCPIT.
HSU Shih-yu--Manager, Ssu Hai Tung Bank, Hong Kong.
HSU Ssu-min (C. Su Bin, SUBIN)--Burma-China FA, Part V; delegate
to National People's Congress 1954.
HSU Ta-shen--Trade Counsellor, USSR.
HSU Tan-shu (T.S. HSU)--Represents CNIEC in Bern, Switzerland;
formerly with CNIEC in East Berlin.
HSU Te-ming--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
HSU Ti-hsin--CCPIT Central Committee; Director of CPG Central In-
dustry and Commerce Administration Bureau.
HSU Ts'u (HSU Su, HSU Tung)--Former Chief of NCNA bureau in Macao.
HSU Tzu-ch'i--Manager, Nanyang Commercial Bank, Hong Kong.
HSU Tzu-chirig (SHU Tzu-ching and SHU Hsu-tung)--India FA.
HSUEH Ch'iao--ACRFC.
HSUEH Mu-ch'iao--CCPIT; Deputy Director, State Planning Commission;
Director, State Statistical Bureau of State Council; member,
Scientific Planning Committee.
HSUEH Wen-ching--NCNA correspondent, Warsaw.
HSUEH Yu--Member, scientific delegation to Pakistan, January 1955;
pharmacologist; one of founders of Chiu San Society; member,
ACFSS.
HU Ch'i-li--IUS; ACFS; see Part VI - Youth.
HU Chi-wei--Headed journalist delegation to USSR; chief editor,
People's Daily; see NCNA.
HU Chih-sheng--NCNA and People's Daily correspondent in Budapest,
November 1956.
HU Ch'ing--See Part VI - Scientists.
HU Chun-leng--Deputy Director, head office of NCNA, in Peking.
HU K'o-ping--ASC.
HU Lan-sheng--WPC.
HU Pa-meng (HU Pa)--CBA; see Part VI - Religious Groups.
Approved F P78-00945R000800120001-9
 Approved For Re1e qq ? f11 A 0JR-00915R000800120001-9
HU Ting-i--Acting Cultural Counsellor, London.
HU Yao-pang--WFDY; ASC; ACFTU; ACFDY; NIEA.
HU Yi-tsai (f)--See Part VI - Women.
HU.Yu-chih--ACRFC; Indonesia FA; WPC; India FA; PIFA; ACFLAC;
Secretary General of CDL; ACFJ; was Chairman of former Publi-
cations Administration of CPG; member, NCNA Board of Directors;
returned to Hong Kong in 1948, from Singapore, Malaya; Chair-
man, All China Esperanto League.
HU Yu-fang (Y.F. HU, Y.F. WU, YORK Hung-hu, York-fong HU)--Mana-
ger, Bank of China, Rangoon.
HUA Chia--Leader of acrobatic troupe which toured Indonesia, Au-
gust 1956.
HUA Chun-wu--ACRFC; Secretary of the Association of Chinese Fine
Arts; see Argentina FA.
HUA Lo-keng--ACRFC; WFSW; ACFSS; WPC; Deputy Director of Culture
and Education Committee of CDL; Standing Committee of Physics,
Mathematics, and Chemistry Department of Academy of Sciences;
Director of Institute of Mathematics.
HUAN Hsiang--Charge d'Affaires to United Kingdom.
HUANG Ch'ang-shui--Burma FA; ACFICA; Vice Chairman, Canton FROCA;
member, ASC and CDNCA; member, National Committee of CPPCC;
former resident of Philippines; ACUC; Vice Mayor of Canton;
represented Overseas Chinese on NPC, 1954.
HUANG Chen--Former Ambassador to Indonesia.
HUANG Chia-ssu--Delegate, World Congress of Physicians, Vienna,
1953; surgeon at Shanghai Medical College; member, ACFSS.
HUANG Cho-jan--NCNA correspondent in Hong Kong.
HUANG Hsi-ping--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Hong Kong.
HUANG Hsien-fan--ACRFC.
HUANG Hsien-ju (H.J. HUANG)--Sub-manager and head of Overseas
Chinese Service Dept., Bank of China, Hong Kong; Director, Min
An Insurance Company, Hong Kong.
HUANG Kan-sung--NCNA correspondent.
HUANG Kan-ying (f)--See Part VI - Women.
HUANG Lung--NCNA correspondent with CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA
in December 1956.
HUANG Ting-ch'en--See Part VI - Medical and Health Groups; one of
founders of CKT; represented Overseas Chinese on CPPCC in 1949;
member, National Committees of NPC and CPPCC; leader in ADSTK
and ACAMS.
HUANG Tso-lin--ASC.
HUANG Wei-min--Member, delegation Indonesia Fair, August-September
1955; Commercial Attache, Embassy at Djakarta.
HUNG Yuan-yuan--Resides in Indonesia; a director of Indonesia-
China FA; helped to entertain Chinese delegation of students
to Indonesia, September 1955-
I Chen-tang--Trade Counsellor, USSR.
I Mei-hou (aka HUI Mui-kow)--Thailand FA; overseas delegate to
CPPCC and NPC; Vice Chairman, FROCA; represents overseas Chi-
nese on Executive Committee of ACFICA.
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I Min Makhdum (I-ming MA-ho-su-mu) (Imin Mahosumu) (Iminov)
(Shiekh I min Mahosumu)--Pakistan FA; CISA; represented Sin-
kiang at NPC 1954; Vice Chairman, Sinkiang-Uighur Autonomous
Region.
Jamal-al-din LI Shu (Jalmuddin LI Shu)--CISA; see Part VI - Reli-
gious Groups.
JEN Fen-ping--NCNA representative on trade delegation to Japan,
March 1955.
JEN Ji-pei--Assistant Chief, Department of Asian Affairs of Min-
istry of Foreign Trade; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
JEN Kuei-chen (f)--See Part VI - Youth; member of Shanghai Opera
group.
JEN Pai-ko--ACRFC Board of Directors; deputy to NPC; National Com-
mittee of ACFLAC; active in CPC and SSFA; Deputy Secretary,
CCP Chungking Committee; Vice Mayor, Chungking.
JEN Po-sen--Indonesia FA.
JIU Mu--IADL.
KANG Hsi-fan (KANG Hai-pan)--Commercial Attache, Poland.
K'ANG K'o-ch'ing (f) (Mme. CHU Teh)--WIDF; WPC; ACDWF; SSFA.
KIANG Li--Deputy Director, Bureau of Export of CNIEC; MFT.
KANG Ming-ch'iu--Japan-China FA; Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas
Chinese Association; delegate to NPC in 1954.
KIANG Yung-ho--WFTU; see Part VI - Peace Groups.
KAO Chung-min--Vice Chairman of,CDL; PSLA; WPC.
KAO Shang-lin--Commercial Attache,. Switzerland.
KAO Shang-neng--Commercial Counsellor, Pakistan.
KAO Shih-jung--Commercial Counsellor, Czechoslovakia.
KAO Wei-hsi (W.H. KAO, R.L.K. KHO, KOO Wei-sien)?--Manager, Bank
of China, Djakarta.
KENG Piao--Ambassador to Pakistan.
KIANG Han--NCNA commentator, Radio Peking.
KING, T.M.--See CHIN Tung-ming.
KO Chung-ch'uan--Resides in Indonesia; a director of Indonesia-
China FA; helped entertain Chinese student delegation to Indo-
nesia, September 1955.
K'O-Po-nien (K'O Pai-nien, KE Po-nien)--IADL; Ambassador to Ru-
mania; active in PIFA; PSLA; member, IADL Investigation Commit-
tee on Korea.
KO Shih-liang--Assistant Manager, Bank of Communications, Hong
Kong; one of stockholders and directors of China Travel Serv-
ice, Hong Kong, in 1954.
KO Shou-chen--Malaya FA.
KO Tai-shuo (KO Tsai-shuo)--IUS; delegate to World Conference of
Students, Prague, August 1956; reported in 1952 as head of IUS
Bureau of Students Fighting Against Colonialism.
KO Yang (f)--WIDF; chief editor of New Observer; member CPC, SSFA,
and CPPCC.
KOO, K.Y. (KU)--Director, China National Animal By-Products Cor-
poration.
KU Hsien-cheng (KOO Hian Seng)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Lon-
don.
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 Approved For Rel -00915R000800120001-9
KU Tsui--WPC.
KUAN Wen-sen--Malaya FA; CKT representative at CPPCC, 1949; Vice
Chairman, CKT; member, COCA; represented overseas Chinese at
NPC, 1954, and CPPCC, 1949; prior to 1949, was active in CKT
and CDL in Malaya. Died 16 September 1957.
KUNG Ch'ing-lin (C.L. KYONG, KUNG Ching-lian, KYONG Ch'ing-ling,
Jabin C.L. KYONG and KUNG Hin-lin)--Manager, Bank of Communi-
cations, Rangoon.
KUNG Ling-to--NCNA cameraman with CHOU En-lai entourage to SEA,
December 1956.
KUNG P'eng (Mme. CH'IAO Kuan-hua) (f)--ACFDY; PIFA; WFDY; Direc-
tor, Information Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
KUNG P'u-sheng (Mme. CHANG Han-fu) (f)--WIFD; India FA; see Part
VI - Women; head of section in Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
KUNG Yin-ping--Former General Manager, Bank of China, Peking.
KUNG Yuan--Member of Board, Indonesia FA; Vice Minister of For-
eign Trade; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
KUO Ch'iao-jan--Nepalese-Chinese FA; Vice Mayor of Canton; member,
CDL Standing Committee; member, CPWDP.
KUO Hsiu-mei (f)--See Part VI - Religious Groups.
KUO K'o-ming--Resides in Indonesia; a director of Indonesia-China
FA; helped entertain Chinese student delegaticn to Indonesia,
September 1955.
KUO Lang-ying--See Part VI - Women.
KUO Mo-jo--CPPCC; CPC; ACFLAC; WPC; ASC; Board of Directors, ACRFC;
Japan FA; SSFA; APPLC; see Part VI - Cultural Groups; President
of Academy of Sciences; headed delegation to WPC meeting in Co-
lombo, Ceylon, June 1957.
KUO P'eng--ACRFC; CBA.
KUO Po--Japan FA.
KUO Shan-chin--ASC.
KUO Ta-kai--Cultural Attache; Syria.
KUO Tse-ch'en--WPC delegate, Vienna, 1953; CDL Central Committee;
CPWDP Central Committee; Deputy Secretary General of CPPCC;
SSFA; educated in Germany.
KWOK, Alfred Chan Kwan--Manager, Bank of China, Penang, Malaya.
LA Hsi-ta (wife of BURHAN)--WIDF; see Part VI - Women.
LA Yen-hsiu (f)--See Part VI - Youth.
LAI Kim Kie--See Part V, Indonesia-China FA.
LAI Shao-ch'i--ACRFC.
LAM Chi-fung--Managing Director, Chia Hua Bank, Hong Kong.
LAN, Ricardo Chansan (Ricardo CHAN San-tan)--Chilean-Chinese Cul-
tural Institute, Part V.
LAO Hsin--Cultural Attache, Switzerland.
LAO She (aka SHU She-yu, SHI Ch'ing-ch'un and LAU Shaw)--India FA;
Board of Directors, ACRFC; National Committee of ACFLAC; novel-
ist; Vice Chairman, Union of Chinese Writers; Vice Chairman of
Peking SSFA and CPC branches; See Part VI - Journalists and Writ-
ers.
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 Approved FoP78-00915R000800120001-9
LAO Yuan-hui--See Part VI - Students.
LAU Bo-tan--Malaya-China FA.
LEE King-thou (K.C. LEE)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Cal-
cutta.
LEI Chieh-ch'iung (f)--CAPD Board of Directors; WIDF; see Part
VI - Women and Parliamentary Groups; member good-will mission to
France, December 1954; Executive Committee, ACDWF; PSLA Board
of Directors; National Committee, CPC; attended World Congress
of Women, Denmark, June 1953; economics professor, Yenching
University.
LEI Jen-min--PIFA; ACFICA; Vice Minister of Foreign Trade; Vice
Chairman of CCPIT; member of trade delegation to Japan 1955;
IC PT.
LEI Pi-shu--Burma-China Friendship Association, Part V.
LEY Wong, Juman--Member, Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part
V.
LI Che-jen--Vice Minister of Foreign Trade.
LI Ch'fang--Trade Counsellor, USSR; Vice Minister of Foreign Trade;
Director, Radio Bureau of Ministry of Posts and Telecommunica-
tions; in December 1956, was acting head of the Sino-Soviet
Technical and Scientific Cooperation Commission.
LI Chieh-po--See LI Hsieh-po.
LI Chih-kan (LI Chin-feng, LI Tze-kai)--Deputy trade agent at Ka-
limpong (in India on Nepal border).
LI Chin-ch'eng (King Chen Lee, LEE King-chou, K.C. LEE)--Sub-man-
ager, Bank of China, Calcutta; formerly Manager of Chittagong
Branch.
LI Chou-ying (C.Y. LEE)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Bombay.
LI Chu-ch'en--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; CCPIT.
LI Chu-chun--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
LI Chun-wu--ACRFC Board of Directors; CRC; Co-adjutor of the State
Bureau for Religious Affairs.
LI Ch'ung--Chief editor, NCNA, Hong Kong.
LI Fan-ju--China National Cereals, Oils, and Fats Export Corpora-
tion.
LI Fei-kan--See PA Chin.
LI Fu-jen--CDL Central Committee; ACRFC; associated with NCNA.
LI Ho--NCNA correspondent in Moscow; staff writer for People's
Daily.
LI Hsieh-po (LI Chieh-po) (LI Chi-p'o)--ACRFC Board of Directors;
ACFTU Secretariat; WFTU; former head of Chinese Railway Workers'
Union; led trade union delegation to India in 1954; attended
Asian Conference, New Delhi, April 1955; attended several ECAFE
sessions as WFTU observer; member of NPC; travelled widely in
Communist countries.
LI Hsien-nien--Minister of Finance, CPG.
LI I-fan--Cultural Attache, North Vietnam.
LI I-hsien--Son of LI Jung-wo; Manager, Overseas Assurance Corpor-
ation Ltd., Surabaya.
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 Approved For Rel 00915R000800120001-9
LI I-mang--CPPG; ACRFC; WPC.
LI Jui-wen (S.M. LEE)--Secretary for General Affairs, China Re-
sources Company.
LI K'o-fu--Commercial Counsellor, Finland; See Part VI - Trade,
Fairs, Exhibitions.
LI Kuang-ch'ien--Malaya-China FA.
LI Kuei-sen--ACRFC.
LI Kuo-chang (LI K'o-chang)--India FA; head of India Branch of
COCA.
LI Meng-huo--Director, China National Machinery Import Corpora-
tion.
LI Ming--Deputy Director, China National Cereals, Oils, and Fats
Export Corporation.
LI Ming-sheng--See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
LI Ping (f)--See Part VI - Women.
LI P'ing-ch'uan--IOJ; ACFJ; Assistant to Director of Internation-
al Department of NCNA.
LI Shao-pao--WFDY.
LI Shen--Deputy Director, International News Department, NCNA.
LI Shih-chun--WPC.
LI Shu--See Jamal-al-din LI Shu.
LI Ssu-kuang (LEE Jonquei)--Vice Chairman, WFSW; Chairman, ACFSS;
Vice Chairman, SSFA and CPPCC; CPC Standing Committee; Minister
of Geology; ADSTK; CPPG Executive Committee.
LI Te-ch'iao (K.C. LEE, LEE Ter-chiao)--Manager, China Insurance
Company, Singapore Office.
LI Te-ch'uan (Mme. FENG Yu-hsiang) (f)--WIFD; ACDWF; WPC; Minister
of Public Health; CPC National Committee; ASC; ACRFC Board of
Directors; Japan FA; Italy FA; SSFA; CPPC Central Committee;
KMTRC Central Committee; see Part VI - Women; headed cultural
delegations to Yugoslavia, in March 1956, to England, in 1950,
and to Italy, in February 1956; headed Red Cross delegation to
Japan, in 1955; member of Scientific Planning Committee of
State Council; attended WIDF Executive Committee meeting in
Berlin, April 1957.
LI T'ieh-min--Malaya FA; Vice Chairman, FROCA; Vice Chairman, COCA;
long connected with CDL in Malaya; member, National Committee,
CPPCC; closely associated with TAN Kah-kee.
LI Ts'ang--Commercial Attache, Afghanistan; formerly Director,
China National Animal By-Products Export Corporation.
LI Tsin-su--WFTU.
LI Tsui-yin (f)--See Part VI - Youth.
LI Tzu-chiu--See Part VI - Trade Unions.
LI Yeh-liu--With NCNA in Hong Kong; formerly pro-Communist staff
member of editorial section of newspaper Chung Yuan Pao, in
Bangkok.
LI Yen-hang--Burma-China FA; Part V.
LI Ying-chi--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; former vice
General Manager of CNIEC; chief of permanent trade delegation
in Cairo.
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 Approved F P78-00915R000800120001-9
LI Yu-ying--ASC.
LIANG Cheng-ping--See Part VI - Trade Unions; Chairman, Shansi
Coal Miners' Trade Union.
LIANG Chih-hung- WPC; attended Helsinki peace conference, June
1955; attended Brussels peace conference, 1956.
LIANG Hsi--WFSS; ACFSS; SSFA; Vice Chairman, CSS; ADSTK; Minister
of Forestry.
LIANG Po-ch'iang--Delegate World Congress of Physicians, Vienna,
1953; pathologist of Chungshan University; member, Academy of
Sciences.
LIANG Shang-yuan--Cultural Counsellor, Afghanistan; formerly Cul-
tural Counsellor in Indonesia.
LIANG Shih-ch'iu--Head, General Affairs Department, China Travel
Service, Hong Kong.
LIANG Tzu-yu--Min An Insurance Company shareholder.
LIANG Wan-ch'eng--Director, Min An Insurance Company, Hong Kong.
LIAO Ch'eng-chih (aka HO Liu-hua)--WFDY; Chairman, ACFDY; Board
of Directors, ACRFC; Board of Directors, PIFA; WPC; ASC; SSFA;
CPPG; Indonesia FA; Japan FA; Pakistan FA; APPLC; member, PIFA
Board of Directors; member, CCP Central Committee; Deputy Chief,
CCP United Front Department; member, Egyptian Aid Committee
formed in November 1956; member of delegation to WPC meeting in
Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957.
LIA Sheng--See Australia FA, Part V.
LIE Sek Hong--See Part V, Indonesia-China FA.
LIN Ch'iao-chih (f)--Obstetrician at China Union Medical College;
member, delegation, World Congress of Physicians, Vienna, 1953;
ACFSS; ACFDW.
LIN Ch'ing-ch'eng (C.Z. LIN)--General Affairs Department, China
Resources Company, Hong Kong.
LIN Hai-yun--In 1950, was head of International Trade Department
of Ministry of Foreign Trade; Vice Minister of Foreign Trade;
see Part VI Trade, Fairs, and Exhibitions.
LIN Han-ta--WPC; NIEA; CAPD Board of Directors.
LIN Lin--Cultural Counsellor, India and Nepal.
LIN Tsung-mao (LUM Joung-mou, J.M. LUM)--Vice Manager, China Trav-
el Service, Hong Kong.
LIN Yeh--Cultural Attache, Hungary.
LING Chi-han--IADL
LING Sha--Indonesia FA; Dean, Peking Teachers College; member,
friendship delegation to Indonesia, July 1956.
LIU Chang-heng--Commercial Attache, Norway.
LIU Chang-sheng--WPC; formerly on Secretariat of WFTU; ACFTU;
see Part VI - Trade Unions.
LIU Ch'ao-chin (C.T. LIU)--Manager, Industrial Products Export De-
partment, China Resources Company; traveled to Europe and South-
east Asia, in 1957?
LIU Chi-tsai--Commercial Attache, Denmark.
LIU Chin-sheng--Director, China National Chartering and Shipbroking
Corporation.
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LIU Ching-Jui-NCNA photographer with CHOU En-lai entourage to
SEA, December 1956.
LIU Ch'ing-yang (f)--ACDWF; CDL Central Committee; see Part VI -
Women.
LIU Chun--Nepal FA; CPWDP Central Committee; Vice Chairman, CPG
Nationalities Affairs Commission.
LIU En-hou--See Part VI - Religious Groups.
LIU Fang--Commercial Counsellor, USSR.
LIU Fang-ku--Commercial Attache, Burma.
LIU Fu-ching--Manager, Bank of China Branch, London.
LIU Hsiao--Ambassador to USSR.
LIU Hui-cheng (f) (LIU Hui-chiin)--See Part VI - Journalists and
Writers; member of UCW.
LIU Jo-ming--Commercial Counsellor, Poland.
LIU K'ai-chu--ACRFC.
LIU K'o-p'ing--Pakistan FA; ASC; CISA; Deputy Director, UFD.
LIU Kuan-i--ACRFC; CPC; WPC.
LIU Kuang-han--Deputy Head of China National Cereals, Oil, and
Fats Export Corporation; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
LIU Kuei-liang--NCNA correspondent, Bonn, October 1956.
LIU Ning-i--WPC; CPC; WFTU; Vice Chairman of ACFTU; member, CCPIT
Central Committee; PIFA Board of Directors; ICPT; ASC; APPLC;
Board of Directors, ACRFC; Japan FA; ACSF; SSFA; see Part VI -
Trade Unions and Peace Groups; deputy to NPC; traveled to
Geneva Conference, 1954, to Pakistan, 1951, to India, 1951 and
1955, to Italy, 1956; attended meeting Britain-China FA, Novem-
ber 1950; attended most of conferences of WFTU, since 1946, and
of WPC, since 1949; member of delegation to WPC meeting in Co-
lombo, Ceylon, June 1957?
LIU Pai-yu--ACRFC Board of Directors; Union of Chinese Writers;
India FA; headed delegation of Chinese Writers to Yugoslavia,
in December 1956.
LIU Pao-kang--Commercial Attache, Pakistan.
LIU Tao-sheng--WFDY.
LIU Tsun-ch'i--Editor of People's China since 1953; was Deputy
Director, International News Bureau under former News Adminis-
tration; was publisher in Hong Kong, 1948-1949; studied in U.S.,
1947; on board of PIFA.
LIU Tzu-chiu--Headed trade union delegation to Burma, February
1955; CCPIT Central Committee; ACFTU Executive Committee; SSFA
Executive Committee.
LIU Tung-ao (HU Tung-cao)--Assistant Manager Civil Aviation Bureau,
Rangoon Office.
LIU Wang Li-ming--WIDF; President, Women's Temperance Union of
China.
LIU Ya-min--Consul General, Medan, Indonesia.
LIU Yu-feng--Consul General, Calcutta, India.
LIU Yun-ying--IADL; among those working for WPC Secretariat in
Vienna, June 1954.
LO Ch'ang-p'ei--Burma FA.
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LO Ch'eng-hsu--Sub-manager, Min An Insurance Company, Hong Kong.
LO Chiung (f)--WIDF; ACDWF.
LO I--WDFY.
LO K'ai-fu (David LOA)--Burma FA; geographer.
LO Kuei-po--Former Ambassador to DRV (Viet Minh).
LO Lung-chi--WPC; PIFA; CDL; CPPCC; member, Commission for Affairs
of Nationalities; delegate to WPC meeting, Colombo, Ceylon,
June 1957; target of criticism as "rightist" in 1957?
LO Pai-i--Deputy Director, Bureau of Export of CNIEC; MFT.
LO Shih-kao--Former Ambassador to Albania; formerly Vice Mayor of
Chung-king; named Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs, December
1957.
LO Shu-chang (f)--Deputy Secretary General CDNCA; CPPCC National
Committee; Vice Minister of Labor; delegate to NPC, 1954; mem-
ber, ACFICA Executive Committee; ACDWF Executive Committee;
CPC National Committee; See Part VI - Women.
Lozongchahsi--Nepal FA.
LU Chao--See Part VI - Youth.
LU Chen-hsing (LOH Cheng Hsing)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China,
Singapore.
LU Chi--ACRFC.
LU Chi-ying (f)--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; secretary
and translator for WFTU delegation to ECAFE meeting in Bandung,
1953?
LU Feng-ao (LOH Fong-ngaw and James LOK)--Assistant Manager, Bank
of Communications, Rangoon.
LU Hsin-yuan--Malaya FA; member of COCA; former leader in Singa-
pore Teachers' Union.
LU Hsu-chang--CCPIT Central Committee; Vice Minister of Foreign
Trade; Director of CNIEC.
LU Huan-chuan--Merchant; Chairman, Surabaya Overseas Chinese Gen-
eral Association; Indonesia-China FA; was delegate to NPC, in
1954.
LU Huei-shu--Member of trade delegation to Argentina and Uruguay,
October 1957.
LU Lung--Commercial Officer, trade section, office of the Charge'
d'Affairs, Netherlands.
LU Pao-wei--See Part VI - Scientists.
LU Shou-ch'eng (S.C. LU, LOO Shou-tseng, Loo Shou-wei)--Malaya-
China FA; manager, Bank of China Branch, in Singapore.
LU Shu-tung--Sub-manager, Min An Insurance Company, Hong Kong.
LU Tsai (f)--WIDF; ACDWF.
LU Tso-i--WPC.
LU Yao-wu--Cultural Counsellor, Yugoslavia.
LU Yu-hui--With China Travel Service, Lingshan; formerly in Hong
Kong.
LU Yu-tang-,Assistant Manager, Export Department of China Resourc-
es Company, Hong Kong.
MA Chun-ku (MU Chun-ku)--On permanent secretariat of WFTU; for-
merly Director, International Liaison Department of ACFTU.
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MA Chung-yao--Manager, China Insurance Company, Surabaya.
MA Ha Wai-yung--Egypt FA; CISA.
MA Han-ping--ACRFC; CISA; see Part VI - Cultural Groups.
MA I-min--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Deputy Manager,
China National Sundries Export Corporation.
MA Jo-han--WPC.
MA Shao-po--See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
MA Ssu-ts'ung--Board of Directors, ACRFC; Indonesia FA; national
committees of ACFLAC and CPC; composer; Vice Chairman, Union
of Chinese Musicians; formerly resided in Paris.
MA Wan-shen--WCD.
MA Yin-ch'u--WPC; CPPG; SSFA; economist; President, Peiping Uni-
versity; member, CCPIT Central Committee; member, ACRFC Board
of Directors; National Committee of CPC; Director of Bank of
China, Peking; NPC Standing Committee; member of Academy of
Sciences.
MA Yu-huai (aka Yusuf MA Yu-huai)--Indonesia FA; CISA; Egypt FA;
ACRFC Standing Committee.
MAI'Jih-p'ing (N.P. MAK)--Investigation Department, China Resourc-
es Company, Hong Kong.
MAI Tso-heng (T.H. MAI, C.H. MEH)--Manager, China State Bank,
Hong Kong; one of stockholders of China Travel Service, Hong
Kong, in 1954.
MAO Hsin-yu--Consul General, Makassar, Indonesia.
MAO I-sheng (aka Thomson E. MAO and MAO, Eason)--Headed delega-
tion to Italy, in May 1956; ACFSS; ADSTK; CPPCC; NIEA; see
Part VI - Cultural Groups; Director of Railway Research Insti-
tute of the China National Railways; bridge and railway con-
struction expert; member of Academy of Sciences; former Sec-
retary of Shanghai Municipal Government.
MAO Ta-feng--Cultural Counsellor, North Korea.
MAO Tun (aka SHEN Yen-ping)--ACRFC; WPC; ACFLAC; Union of Chi-
nese Writers; see Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
MEI I--ACRFC; OIR; ACFLAC; ACFJ; formerly deputy chief editor for
NCNA.
MEI Kung-pin--WPC; ACFDY; KMTRC; CPPCC; SSFA Executive Committee.
MEI Lan-fang--ACRFC; ACFLAC; see Part VI - Cultural Groups.
MEI Shiu-chin--IADL.
MENG Chi-ch'ing--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
MENG Po--ACRFC.
MENG Yung-ch'ien--ACFICA; WPC; ACFC; member, CCPIT Central Com-
mittee.
MIAO Hai-leng (see MOU Hai-lu).
MIN Chih-ch'eng (see Ping-ts'o-wang-chieh)--ACRFC.
MIN Kang-hou--IADL; PSLA; CDL Central Committee; member of CCP;
Shanghai lawyer; Vice Minister of Justice.
MING Cheng-chi--See Part VI - Students.
MING Ko--Commercial Counsellor, USSR.
MO Chen-chiu--WFTU; Indonesian-speaking interpreter to WFTU dele-
gation in 1953, at Bandung EACFE conference; member trade
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union delegation to Australia, April 1956; member, Australia-
Asia Bureau of WF TU
MO Ch'eng-kuei--Commercial Counsellor, Hungary.
MOU Hai-lu (MIAO Hai-leng)--Deputy Director of NCNA, Peking.
NAN Han-ch'en--ICPT; ACFICA; CDNCA; Chairman of CCPIT; Chairman
of Board. of Directors of Bank of China, Peking.
NENG Hai--CBA; WPC.
NG Ek-hoan--See Part V, Malaya-China FA.
NG Kan Hie--See WU Kuan-hsi.
NI Fei-ch'un (f)--ACRFC; WPC; Burma FA.
NI Wei-ting (NI Tu-ting)--Assistant Director, CNIEC.
Nur Mohammed--See TA P'u-sheng. ,
OU King Tehan--Commercial Attache, North Vietnam.
OU T'ang-liang (f)--WFDY; ACFDY; ACRFC.
OU YANG Yu-ch'ien--ACRFC; ACFLAC; see Part VI - Cultural Groups.
PA Chin (PAI Chien and LI Fei-kan)--WPC; Union of Chinese Writers;
Vice Chairman, Shanghai Peace Committee.
PAI Ch'i-ch'ing--See PAI Hsi-ch'ing.
PAI Lang (f)--WIDF; ACDWF Executive Committee; ACFLAC National
Committee; UCW Executive Committee; ASC member; represented
Mukden, at NPC, 195+; see Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
PAI Hsi-Ch'ing (PAI Shi-ch'ing, PAI Hai-ching)--WCD; ACRFC Stand-
ing Committee; ACAMS; probably identical with PAI Ch'i-ch'ing,
Vice Chief, Institute of Health, Peking; attended World Confer-
ences of Doctors in Vienna, 1953, and in Tokyo, 1955.
PAI Shang-yin--Assistant to Minister of Foreign Trade.
PAI Shi-ch'ing--See PAI Hsi-ch'ing.
PAI Shou-i--Board of Directors, ACRFC; Indonesia FA.
P'AN Ching-i--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
PAN Shao-thou--WCD.
PAN Shih-chiang--IUS.
P'AN Tzu-li Ambassador to India and Nepal.
PAO Erh-han--See BURHAN.
PAO Liang-tsai--ASsistant Director, CNIEC.
P'EI Ta--NCNA correspondent and Jen Min Jih Pao reporter.
P'ENG Chen--CPPCC; CPC; CPFG; see Part VI - Parliamentary Groups.
PENG Ti--NCNA correspondent in Djakarta, Cairo, London, Ghana,
195+-1957
P'ENG Tse-min--Malaya FA; CPWDP; CDL Central Committee; FROCA;
deceased October 1956.
PENG Tzu-kang (f)--See Part VI - Women.
PI Shou-wang--Nepal FA; Assistant Director of Asian Affairs, Minis-
try of Foreign Affairs.
Ping-ts'o-wang-chieh (aka MIN Chih-ch'eng)--ACRFC.
PO Yi (PU Yi, WANG Kai-!)--Commercial Counsellor, India; formerly
head of Southeast Asia Section, Ministry of Foreign Trade, Pe-
king; acting head of Chinese trade agency, Calcutta, June 1957.
PU Chao-wen--NCNA correspondent.
P'U Ch'uan-chuan (P'U Heng-ju)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China,
Calcutta Branch.
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P'U Liang-ch'ou--Assistant General Manager, China Resources Com-
pany, Hong Kong; traveled to Europe and Southeast Asia, in
1957.
PU I--(see PO Yi).
PU Yu-jui--Manager, Bank of China, Bombay.
SA K'ung-liao (SAI Kung-liao)--Mongolian; ACRFC; CDL Central and
Propaganda Committees; ACFDY Executive Committee; member, NCNA
Board of Directors; Vice Chairman of CPG Nationalities Affairs
Commission.
SAIFUDIN (SAI Fu-ting)--WPC; SSFA; CPPG; ACRFC.
SHANG Kuang-wen (SHAN Kuan-wen,.KAO Kwang-wen) - Director, China
National Minerals Corporation.
SHAO Li-tzu--WPC; SSFA; KMTRC Central Committee.
SHAO Tsung-han--ACRFC; CDL Central Committee; ACFJ; Burma FA;
journalist and editor; associated with NCNA.
SHEN Chi--Special Commissioner, People's Bank of China, Hong Kong.
SHEN Chi-chen--WCD.
SHEN Chien-chang--Superintendent, Bank of China, Calcutta.
SHEN Chu-chang--WPC.
SHEN Chun-ju (SEEN Heng-shan)-s.IADL; PSLA; SSFA; Chairman of CDL;
CPPCC.
SHEN Jen-chang--Bank of China, Karachi Branch.
SHEN P'ing--Consul General, Geneva, Switzerland.
SHEN Tuan-hsien--See HSIA Yen.
SHEN Tzu-chiu (f) (Mme.. HU Yu-chih)--Member of NCNA Board of Di-
rectors; CDL Central Committee.
SHEN Yen-ping (MAO Tun)--SSFA; Union of Chinese Writers; ACRFC.
SHEN Yuan-hui (f)--WIDF.
SHEN Yung--Sub-manager and head of General Affairs Department, in
charge of real estate of the Bank of China, Hong Kong; may be
supervisor of China Travel Service (Hong Kong) Ltd.
SHENG P'ei-hua--CCPIT Central Committee.
Shiekh Nur Mohammed--See TA P'u-sheng.
SHIH Chih-ang--Vice Manager, China National Import-Export Corpora-
tion.
SHIN Ch'ing-ch'un-See SHU She-yu.
SHIH Ching-yen (K.Y. ZAH)--Formerly of the Universal Development
Company; one of the registered owners of Min An Insurance Com-
pany, Hong Kong.
SHIH Chung-pen (aka SHIH Chiang-pen)--IUS; ACFS; attended Student
Conference, Bandung, May 1956.
SHIH Ju-chang (f)--WPC; ACFDY; associated with Chinese YWCA; dele-
gate to Convention for Prohibiting Atomic-Hydrogen Bombs, Tokyo,
August 1957.
SHIH Ku--Assistant Commercial representative, Damascus, Syria.
SHIH Li-ch'un (TSZE Lee-chun)--Assistant Manager, China Travel Serv-
ice, Hong Kong.
SHIH Liang (f) (Mme. LU Tien-kuei)--See Part VI - Women; WPC dele-
gate, 1952; WIDF Executive Committee; Minister of Justice; Vice
Chairman of CDL; ACDWF; CPC; CPPCC; SSFA; PSLA.
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SHIH Liang-shu--Vice Manager, Bank of China, Karachi.
SHIH Sheng--Commercial Counsellor, Mongolian People's Republic.
Shirob Galtso--See Part VI - Religious Groups; CBA; India FA.
SHU Hsu-tung (SHU Hsu-thing., HSU Tzu-ching)--See SHU Tzu-ch'ing.
SHU She-yu (aka LAO She and SHIN Ch'ing-ch'un)--ACRFC; ACFLAC;
Union of Chinese Writers; see Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
SHU Tzu-ch'ing (SHU Hsu-tung, SHU Hsu-ch'ing, HSU Tzu-ch'ing)--
Deputy secretary general of CCPIT; Vice Director, Bureau of
Import, Ministry of Foreign Trade; India FA; represented Over-
seas Chinese in India on NPC 195+; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs,
Exhibitions.
SHU Yin-shih (phonetic)--See Part V, India FA.
SIAO, Emi--See HSIAO San.
SOONG Ch'ing-ling (Mme. SUN Yat-sen)--WPC; APPLC; CPC; ASC; ACDWF;
SSFA; Pakistan FA; see Part VI - Cultural Groups.
SSU-MA Wen-sen--Cultural Counsellor, Indonesia.
SU Cheng-shou--Thailand FA; former merchant in Thailand; was an
overseas delegate to NPC in 1954.
SU Han-chih--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Manager,
China National Tea Export Corporation.
SUN Marjen, Benjamin--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
SUN Chi-yu--Assistant Trade Attache, Bulgaria.
SUN Chin-ju--IUS.
SUN Ch'un (SUN Shun)--Deputy Director, Bureau of Import of CNIEC.
SUN Hsiao-ts'un--CDNCA Executive Committee; ACRFC; member, Board
of Directors of Bank of China, Peking.
SUN Kuei-lin (SUN Kwei-ling)--Manager, Bank of China, Karachi.
SUN Li-chi--Director, China National Sundries Export Corporation;
with Bureau of Export of Ministry of Foreign Trade.
SUN P'ing-hua--Deputy chief of drama group which toured Japan from
June to August 1956. See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
SUN Sheng-chuan--WPC.
SUN Shun--Deputy Chief, Import Bureau, t+4inistry of Foreign Trade.
SUN Ta-chien--Representative of China National Sundries Export
Corporation, Rangoon.
SUN Wen-min (SUNG Wen-min)--Chief Manager, Min An Insurance Com-
pany, Hong Kong.
SUNG I-feng--Commercial Attache, Embassy, Burma.
SUNG Shih--Trade Commissioner, Czechoslovakia.
SUNG Ta-sheng--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Hong Kong.
TA P'u-sheng (aka Shiekh Nur Mohammed)--Vice Chairman, Egypt FA;
Indonesia FA; CISA; CPPCC; see Part VI - Religious Groups; elect-
ed president of Sino-Syrian FA on 1 October 1957.
TAI Ai-lien (f)--Board of Directors ACRFC; on national committees
of ACFLAC, ACFDY, and CDL; India FA.
TAI Huang--NCNA correspondent in Hanoi, North Vietnam; accused of
being rightist in August 1957?
TAI Li-chin--See Part VI - Women.
T'AI Lu--Consul General, Haiphong, DRV.
TAI P'ei-then (aka TAI P'ei-ming)--Deputy head of trade office in
Beirut, Lebanon.
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TAI Tzu-liang--Malaya FA; member of COCA; businessman; was con-
nected with CDL in Malaya.
TAI Yun-feng (TAI Yun Fogg)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Penang.
TAN Beng Hong--Indonesia-China FA, Medan Branch; publisher, Demo-
cratic Daily News, Medan.
TAN Chun-mei--CPPCC.
T'AN Hsi-t'ien (TAM He-tin)--Manager, Chia Hua Bank, Hong Kong.
T'AN Kan (Arnold TAM)--Executive Editor, NCNA Hong Kong Office.
TAN Keng-hui--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Singapore.
TAN Kah-Kee (CH'EN Chia-keng)--Malaya FA; Chairman of FROCA; CPPG;
CPPCC; COCA; supervisor, representing government shares in Bank
of China, Peking.
TANG Chao-tan--ASC.
TANG Chun-min (TUNG Chun-min)--Commercial Counsellor, Rumania.
TANG, German--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
TANG Ming-chao--WPC;. ACRFC; editor; Deputy Director of Liaison
Department of CPC; delegate to WPC meeting Colombo, Ceylon,
June 1957.
TANG Wei-chung--CNIEC representative in Djakarta.
TAO Shao-chi--WCD.
TAO Tan--Delegate to International Metallurgists' Conference, Mos-
cow, June 1956; WFSW; member, Academy of Sciences.
TENG C.T.--Secretary General, China National Instruments Import
Corporation.
TENG Ch'i-huan--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Hong Kong.
TENG Kang--Deputy Director of NCNA, Peking.
TENG Pan--Manager, Bank of China, Chittagong Branch.
TE'NG Shu-wen--see HA Feng-o.
TENG T'o--ACRFC Board of Directors; IOJ; ACFLAC; editor, People's
Daily; ACFJ; Burma FA; SSFA; India FA; associated with NCNA.
TENG Tsu-wu--Deputy Manager, Bank of China, Chittagong Branch.
TENG Tzu-jo--WPC.
TENG Ying-ch'ao (Mme. CHOU En-lai) (f)--WIDF; ACDWF; SSFA; CPC.
TI Chao-pai--Burma FA; Deputy Chief of Institute of Economics,
Peking; member, scientific delegation to Pakistan, January 1955;
member, cultural delegation to India and Burma 1951.
T'IEN Han--ACRFC; ACFLAC; dramatist.
T'IEN Hui-chen (f)--ASC; delegate to WPC meeting Colombo, Ceylon,
June 1957; member of IIP Staff in Vienna.
T'IEN Li-ch'un (TIEN Li-chuan)--Director, China National Instru-
ments Corporation.
T'IEN Sui-hsiang--Deputy Chief, Protocol Department of CNIEC; MFT.
T'IEN Te-min--ACRFC; ACFDY; ACFS.
TING Hsi-lin (TING Hsieh-lin)--Vice Chairman of ACRFC; Chairman
of India FA; WPC; ASC; SSFA; CPPCC National Committee; ADSTK;
Vice Minister of Culture; physicist; headed cultural delega-
tion to India and Burma in 1951; member, Academy of Sciences.
TING Jen-shan--Director, NCNA Macao office.
TING K'o-chien--Formerly represented CNIEC in East Berlin; with
China National Foodstuffs Export Corporation; represented CCPIT
in negotiations with East German trade group.
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TING Kuang-hsun (Bishop) (TING Kuei-t'ang)--CRC; See Part VI - Re-
ligious Groups.
TING Kuo-yu--Ambassador to Afghanistan.
TING Li--ACRFC; dramatist; member, ACFLAC National Committee.
TING Ling (CHIANG Ping-chih) (f)--WIDF; ACDWF; ACRFC; ACFLAC; UCW;
SSFA; CPPCC; NPC delegate from Shantung; ASC; CPC; Director,
Central Literary Institute; Stalin Prize for Literature, 1952;
accused as rightist in August 1957; member of CCP.
TING T'o (TING T'o-liang)--Chief of NCNA international liaison
section; nominated as NCNA correspondent to Japan.
TING Tsan--WFSW; member, Academy of Sciences; psychologist; ACFSS.
TS'AI Chang (Mme. LI Fu-ch'un) (f)--WIDF; ACDWF; CPC; ACFTU; SSFA.
TSAI Ch'u-sheng--ACRFC; see Part VI - Cultural Groups.
TS'AI Fu-yu--Vice Manager, China Travel Service, Hong Kong.
TSAI Jo-hung--ACRFC.
TS'AI Lei--NCNA editor in Hong Kong.
TS'AI T'ing-k'ai--WPC; CPPCC Standing Committee; member, National
Defense Council; COCA; KMTRC; supervisor, representing govern-
ment shares in Bank of China, Peking; headed delegation to Con-
vention for Prohibiting Atomic-Hydrogen Bombs, Tokyo, August
1957?
TS'AO Chung-shu--Japan FA; CCPIT; Acting Manager, China National
Import-Export Corporation; with group attending Japan Trade
Fair, January-May 1955; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
TS'AO Jih-ch'ang--ACRFC.
TS'AO Kuei-sheng--Second Secretary of Embassy, Hanoi, North Viet-
nam; deputy chief of economic delegation to Cambodia, Septem-
ber 1956.
TS'AO Meng-chin (f) (Mme. WANG K'un-lun)--ACDWF; ACRFC; WIDF; WPC;
see Part VI - Women.
TS'AO Ming--ACRFC.
TS'AO Ming-chin (f)--WIDF; ACDWF.
TS'AO Tung--Assistant Commercial Counsellor, United Kingdom.
TS'AO Yu (aka WU Chia-pao and WAN Chia-pao)--ACRFC Board of Di-
rectors; member, Union of Chinese Writers; Burma FA; WPC; see
Part VI - Peace Groups; ACFLAC National Committee; member, CPC.
TSENG Chien-ping (T'SENG Ching-ping)--Malaya FA.
TSENG Chu-sen--See Part VI - Students.
TSO Po-wen--Assistant Trade Commissioner, Czechoslovakia.
TSOU Chu-ju--President, People's Bank of China, Peking.
TSOU Ping-lin--WPC.
TSOU Te-hsin (f)--WIDF; Deputy Director, International Work De-
partment of ACDWF; see Part VI - Women.
TSU Hsien-ji--WPC.
TS'UI Chun--Commercial Counsellor, Yugoslavia.
T'U Ch'ang-wang--ACRFC; WFSW; ACFSS; Secretary General of CSS;
Director, Central Meteorological Bureau; Secretary of Academy
of Sciences; headed delegation to England sponsored by Britain-
China FA in 1951; active in SSFA; delegate to CPPCC; ADSTK.
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TU Chin-pang--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Hong Kong.
TU Hsi-ho (TO Yup Ho)--Manager, Cross St. Branch, Bank of China,
Singapore.
TU Tzu-i--Commercial Counsellor, India.
TU Yu-yin--Commercial Counsellor, India and Nepal.
TUNG Chang-pi--Employee of WPC in Vienna, before February 1957?
TUNG Chi-shu (C.S. TUNG, TUNG Kei.-shu, FONG Chung)--Assistant Mana-
ger, Import Department, China Resources Company.
TUNG Chun-min--See TANG Chun-min.
TUNG Heng-t'ao--Assistant Manager, Import Department, China Re-
sources Company.
TUNG Hsin--Headed trade union delegations to Japan, November 1956
and to Ceylon, in March 1957; see Part VI - Trade Unions; member
of Secretariat of ACFTU.
TUNG Yueh-ch'ien--ACRFC; Burma FA; former Director, Department of
International Organizations and Conferences, Ministry of For-
eign Affairs.
TZU Chung-jun (TZU Chun-yien, TZU Cheng-yu)--On Staff IIP, Vienna;
formerly on WPC Staff. Attended preparatory committee meeting,
Helsinki, April 1957, for Colombo, Ceylon, WPC Congress.
ULANFU (aka WU Lan-fu and YUN Tse)--Nepal FA; SSFA; CPC.
WAN Chia-pao--See TS'AO Yu.
WAN Chiao--See Part VI - Students.
WAN Lu--Member of trade delegation to Argentina and Uruguay in
October 1957.
WANG Chang-yun--Director of NCNA, Rangoon Office.
WANG Chao-hsun (WANG Chao-hsiun)--Staff member of Chinese Com-
munist Commercial Agency in New Delhi, India.
WANG Chi (WANG Huan) (f)--People's Daily correspondent; in Japan
with trade delegation, March 1955.
WANG Chien-kung--Set up Civil Aviation Bureau, Rangoon Office.
WANG Chin-hsiu--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
WANG Chiu-ching--Head of industrial-agricultural exhibit in Ha-
noi.
WANG Chung-yuan--Represents China National Instruments Import Cor-
poration in Bern, Switzerland.
WANG Fei-jan--IADL.
WANG Han-min--See Part VI - Trade and Cultural Groups; Commercial
Counsellor, Hungary.
WANG Hsien (WANG Hsin)--IADL.
WANG Hsin-yuan--CPPCC National Committee; CDNCA Standing Committee;
SSFA Executive Board; Vice Minister of Light Industry; see Part
VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
WANG Huan (f)--See WANG Chi.
WANG Hui-chen--IUS; WPC.
WANG I-fu--IADL; Vice Minister of Interior; delegate to Conference
of Asian Lawyers, Calcutta, June 1955.
WANG Jen-shu--Indonesia FA; Central Committee, ACFDY; member, COCA;
former Ambassador to Indonesia; see Part VI - Journalists and
Writers.
WANG Jun-sheng--Commercial Counsellor, East Germany.
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WANG Kai-i--See PO Yi.
WANG Kuo-ch'uan--Ambassador to East Germany; former Secretary of
Jehol Provencial CCP Committee.
WANG Lei-wang--Opened Chinese Communist trade office in Beirut,
in September 1956; member of trade delegation to India, 1954.
WANG Li--See Part VI - Cultural Groups.
WANG Liang-yu (Roland WONG)--With People's Daily and NCNA in Hong
Kong.
WANG Lieh-wang--Commercial representative in Beirut, Lebanon.
WANG Lu-chih--Commercial Counsellor, Bulgaria.
WANG Ming-chen--Manager, Civil Aviation Bureau office, Rangoon.
WANG Ping-nan--Ambassador to Poland.
WANG Pu-ching--Cultural Attache, Finland.
WANG Shou-min--Superintendent of Chinese Communist banks in Hong
Kong.
WANG Shu--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Director, NCNA,
Karachi. Office.
WANG Ti-Ch'eng (WONG Shih-cheng)--Assistant Manager, Bank of China,
Calcutta Branch-
WANG Tieh-hsi--IADL; ASC.
WANG T'ing-chun--Malaya FA; CKT Central Committee; Canton FROCA;
CDL leader in Malaya.
WANG Tung-yin (T.Y. WANG)--Sub-manager, Bank of China, Calcutta.
WANG Tse--Consul General, Lashio, Burma.
WANG Wei (f)--Bank of China, Karachi Branch.
WANG Yao-t'ing--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Deputy Di-
rector, China National Sundries Export Corporation.
WANG Yu-ping--Ambassador to Norway.
WANG Yui-k'ang--Member, Research Department, Bank of China, Hong
Kong.
WANG Yun-sheng--IOJ; ACRFC; WPC; ACFJ; see Part VI - Peace Groups;
member, Standing Committee, NPC; associated with NCNA.
WEI Chih-ch'ao--Manager, Shipping Department, China Resources Com-
pany, Hong Kong.
WEI Hsiang-cheen--Staff member, Min An Insurance Company, Hong
Kong.
WEI Meng-ling--Deputy Chief, Protocol Department of CNIEC; MFT.
WEN Chi-tse--Vice Chairman, International Broadcasting Organiza-
tion (OIR); IOJ; Deputy Director of Broadcasting Bureau of
State Council; represented OIR at meeting of the World Federa-
tion of U.N. associations, Bangkok, September 1955; member,
ASC.
WEN Peng-chiu--Cultural Counsellor, East Germany.
WEN Shih-chen--Deputy Secretary General of CCPIT; headed delega-
tion to Casablanca International Fair, April-May 1957.
WONG Hing, Enrique--Chilean-Chinese Cultural Institute, Part V.
WOO Tzu-t'ieh--Manager, Ho Cheng Bank, Hong Kong.
WU Chen--Commercial Attache, Sweden.
WU Chen-hsiu--Manager, China Insurance Company, Peking; member of
Bank of China Board of Directors.
WU Chia-pao (See TS'AO Yu).
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WU Han--India FA; ACFDY; CDL Central Committee; headed friendship
delegation to New Delhi, January 1956; see Part VI - Cultural
Groups; Vice Mayor of Peking.
WU Hsiu-ch'uan--Vice Chairman, ASC; member, NIEA; PIA Board of
Directors; Ambassador to Yugoslavia; represented Chinese Com-
munists before U.N. Security Council, November 1950.
WU Hsiu-te--Chief, Japan Section, Australia-Asia Bureau of WFTU.
WU Hsueh-ch'ien (WU Hsueh-chieh)--WFDY; ACRFC Board of Directors;
member of youth group visiting Belgium and France, 1955-1956;
YCL Central Committee and director, YCL International Liaison
Department; ACFDY National Committee; member, ACSF.
WU Hsueh-wen (WU Hsueh-men, WU Wen-hsiu)--Chief, Japan Branch, In-
ternational Bureau of NCNA; vice chief, international liaison
section, ACFJ; nominated as NCNA correspondent to Japan; corre-
spondent with Red Cross delegation to Japan, 1954; with trade del-
egation to Japan, 1955; with peace front delegation to Japan, 1957.
WU Hua-chih--Secretary General of China-India FA; Deputy Secretary
General of ACRFC.
WU Hung-nien (H.N. WU, HONE Nien-wu)--Sub-manager, Bank of China,
Rangoon.
WU Hung-pin--WPC; CDL Central Committee.
WU Jung.tsang--A standing director of Tokyo Overseas Chinese As-
sociation.
WU Kuan-hsi (NG Kan Hie)--Manager, Bank of China, Surabaya, Indo-
nesia.
WU Lan (f)--WIDF; delegate, WPC, Budapest, June 1953; WIDF Confer-
ence Budapest, 1948; World Congress of Women, Denmark, 1953;
ACDWF Executive Committee member.
WU Lan-fu--See ULANFU.
WU Leng-hsi--ACFJ; ACRFC Board of Directors; ACFLAC; PIFA Board of
Directors; Director, NCNA; delegate to WPC, Vienna, 1952.
WU Mao-sun (Mason WOO and WU Mao-sung)--WPC; ACRFC; Secretary Gen-
eral of PIFA; KMTRC Central Committee; Deputy Secretary General,
CPC; National Committee, ACFDY; India FA; CPPG.
WU Pu-wen--Japan-China FA; Vice Chairman, Tokyo Overseas Chinese
Association.
WU Shih--Indonesia FA; represented North Borneo/Sarawak as dele-
gate to NPC in 1954; former editor, Sarawak Daily; member,
South China Institute of Medicine.
WU Wen-hsiu--See WU Hsueh-wen.
WU Wen-t'ao--ACRFC; IOJ; WPC; ACFJ; Union of Chinese Writers; NCNA
correspondent in Prague, 1949.
WU, Y.F.--See RU Yu-fang.
WU Yao-tsung (Y.T. WU)--WPC; ASC; ACRFC Board of Directors; ACFDY;
ACFSS; CPC National Committee; CRC; Standing Committee, CPPCC;
see Part VI - Religious and Peace Groups; SSFA Executive Board;
NPC Standing Committee; delegate to World Congress since 1950;
delegate to WPC meeting in Colombo, Ceylon, June 1957. Headed
NCNA office in Chungking during World War II.
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WU Yun-ch'u--CCPIT Central Committee.
WU Yun-fu--ACRFC Board of Directors; member, CPPCC; long engaged
in Red Cross and relief work; delegate, Red Cross conferences,
Toronto and Geneva, 1952; member, Red Cross delegation to Ja-
pan, late 1954.
YANG Ch'eng--IUS.
YANG Ch'i-ch'ien (C.C. YANG)--General Manager, combined Tai Ping
Insurance Company and Overseas Assurance Corporation, Ltd.,
Indonesia.
YANG Ching-jen (YANG Tsing-jen)--Pakistan FA; Vice Chairman of
CISA; member, CPPCC; Moslem.
YANG Chung-sung--WPC.
YANG Han-sheng (OU-YANG Chi-hsiu, HUA Han)--Vice Chairman of
ACRFC; Secretary General of ACFLAC; Indonesia FA; ASC; NCNA
Board of Directors; member, CPPCC; CPC National Committee;
Union of Chinese Writers; chairman, All China Association of
Cinema Workers.
YANG Hao-lu (YANG Hao-lei)--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions;
member, CCPIT Central Committee; Assistant Minister of Foreign
Trade.
YANG, Ibrahim--See YUSSUF MA Hwai.
YANG Lin (YANG Ling, YANG Liu)--Commercial Counsellor, Indonesia;
member, trade delegations to India, 1954.
YANG Mien--Chief of Protocol Department of CNIEC; also with Minis-
try of Foreign Trade.
YANG Shu-fan--See Part VI Trade Groups.
YANG Po--Member, Chinese Communist Trade Agency, Calcutta.
TANG So--See Part VI - Journalists'and Writers.
YANG Tao-sheng--WFTU.
YANG T'ing-pao--WFSW; Vice President, Chinese Architectural Asso-
ciation; member, department of technical sciences, Academy of
Sciences.
YANG Wen-yen (M.Y. YANG).--Head of Information and Investigation
Department, China Resources Company, Hong Kong.
YANG Yi-chih--Special Commissioner of CCPIT.
YANG Yin-hsien--Indonesia FA.
YANG Yun-yu (f )--WIDF.
YAO Chung-wing--Ambassador to Burma.
YAO K'o-fang--Vice Chairman of ACAMS; see Part VI - Medical and
Health Groups.
YAO Nai-an--Chief, Export Department, CNIEC; member trade delega-
tions to Ceylon, England, East Berlin, and Buenos Aires.
YEA Chi-chuang--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions; Minister of
Foreign Trade; Director, 5th Staff Office of State Council;
CPPCC National Committee.
YEH Chien-ying--Headed military good-will mission to Burma, Janu-
ary 1957; Vice Chairman of National Defense Council; member,
CCP Central Committee.
YEH Ching-hao--Former Commercial Counsellor, Embassy, Hanoi, North
Vietnam; headed economic delegation to Cambodia, September 1956.
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YEH Chun-chien--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
YEH Chung-ch'i--Member, Chinese Communist Trade Agency, Calcutta.
YEH Hung-pao--Indonesia FA; member, Foochow CPPCC Committee; for-
mer Chairman of Chinese Club in Jogjakarta.
YEH I-tung--Indonesia-China FA; editor in Medan; Chairman, Over-
seas Chinese General Association in North Sumatra; delegate to
NPC in 1954.
YEH Sheng-t'ao (aka YEH Shao-than)--See Part VI - Journalists and
Writers; editor, New China Bookstore; textbook publisher; SSFA;
PSLA; Union of Chinese Writers Executive Committee; ACFLAC Na-
tional Committee.
YEH Yin--See Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
YEH Yuan--Manager, National Commercial Bank, Hong Kong.
YEN Ching-ching--ACAMS; see Part VI - Medical and Health, and Mis-
cellaneous Groups.
YEN Ching-hao--Commercial Counsellor, DRV (North Vietnam).
YEN Jen-ying (f)--See Part VI - Women.
YEN Wen-ching--India FA; member, Union of Chinese Writers; member,
friendship delegation to Bombay, in February 1956..
YO Swie Hong--Assistant Manager, Bank of China, Djakarta.
YONG Chan, Lorenzo (YON, YOUNG)--Chilean:Chinese Cultural Insti-
0 tute, Part V.
YU Chan--Charg6 ad interim to Poland.
YU En-yang--Japan-China FA; a director of the Tokyo Chinese As-
11 sociation.
YU Ho-sen (H.S. YU)--Industrial Products Export Department, China
Resources Company, Hong Kong.
YU Hsin-ch'ing--KMTRC Central Committee; ACRFC.
YU Hung-te--Member Chinese Communist Trade Agency, Calcutta.
YU Kang--Director, China National Native Products Export Corpora-
tion.
YU K'o-ch'ien--Deputy Secretary General of CCPIT; see Part VI -
Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions: Vice Manager, China National Ma-
chinery Import Corporation; formerly with CNIEC, East Berlin.
YU Kuan-ying--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
Y?J Lan--ACRFC.
YU Li-kuang--Deputy Director, China National Tea Export Corpora-
? tion; see Part VI - Trade, Fairs, Exhibitions.
YU Meng-yu--Cultural Counsellor, Poland.
YU Pao-ts'ui--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
YU P'ing--Director, China National Foodstuffs Export Corporation.
YU Tun-hua (T.H. YU)--Assistant Manager, China Resources Company,
Hong Kong.
YU Yeh-chou--Indonesia FA; Executive Officer, Peking ROCA; Over-
? seas Chinese delegate to NPC, 1954.
YUAN Chung-hsien--India FA; Vice Foreign Minister of CPG; former
Ambasssador to India.
YUAN Hsiao-ping--Headed film delegation to Finland, in January
1957?
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Ui
YUAN Hsueh-fen--ACRFC.
YUAN Hsin-mu--Cultural Counsellor, Egypt.
YUAN Li-shen--See Part VI - Students.
YUAN Shui-pai--ACRFC.
YUAN Tzu-wen--Sub-manager of Pao Sheng National Bank, Hong Kong.
YUN Tse--See ULANFU.
YUNG Chi-shen (JUNG Chi-sen)--Manager, South Bridge Road Branch,
Bank of China, Singapore.
YUSSUF MA Hwai (Ibrahim YANG, MA Yu-huai)--Indonesia FA; Egypt FA;
CISA.
Yusuf MA Yu-huai--See YUSSUF MA Hwai.
ZAH, K.Y.--See SHIH Ching-yen.
Zhya Saimati (TZUYA Saimati)--See Part VI - Journalists and Writers.
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