RECOMMENDATIONS ON IMPLEMENTATION (Sanitized)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00662R000200010028-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 29, 2000
• Sequence Number: 28
• Publication Date: May 14, 1952
• Content Type: MEMO

App - --_. , O0,0128-2
OFFICE MEMORANDUM
'o: Assistant Director for Research and Reports
Subject: Recommendations
25X1A9a
pate: 14 May,!
25X1A6a
25X1A
25X1A9a 25X1A
25X1A 1. As you have learned uy cable, was transferred to
last week by the General's office after a consultation among_ 25X1A9a
25X1A9a I was isolated at home
with the chicken pox, but Mike gave me a briefing on what transpired. The 25X1A
main reasons advanced for the change were that badly needed an ec--
25X1A6a onomist, that -has few sources at the presen time, and that 25X1A9a
25X1A6d would be more strategically located in the-Building.
25X1A
25X1A9a 2. The change is probably a sound one. We need a representative in
and Mike was assured by that he would have complete freedom to
follow up sources in his specialty at other intelligence collection installa-
tions.
25X1A9a
3. In view of this change, and of request to ORR for two or three
more analysts, the time seems opportune for reviewing the types of OBR personnel
needed. in this theater, and the appropriate places for assigning them.
4. I feel that there is sufficient work to be done here to increase and
improve the reporting of economic intelligence to occupy fully the time
of any number of analysts that ORR might sent over. So many economic fields
are covered in the various reports collected in the theater that almost any
branch in OAR could be profit ;,'31y r.9-presoated.
5. Hence it is difficult to chhose three or four specialties, out of the
large number of fields covered by ORR, as the ones to be represented in the
ORR field team. It is just as perplexing, in view of the new organizational
25X1A6a set up at the to decide where these representatives should
be located. In the following pages, I have therefore made some recommendations
on these matters and have detailed the reasoning behind. them, in the hope
that #J they will be of some help in the formulation of fut' re ORR plans.
6. Types of additional ORB .personnel needed: metallurgical, chemical, and
engineering, industries specialists, all with sufficient ORR experience to
understand requirements of branches other than their owns. Language qualifi-
cations are of secondary importance. A reading knowledge of German would he
very helpful; Russian and Satellite languages of slight help only.
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8. The following alternatives, in order of preference, are suggested for the
assignemt of personnel:
25X1A
a. Assign all to provided (1) CRR can select the
type of personnel it thinks is needed; 2 ORR can be assured of a minimum
integration of its personnel into the field evaluation program 25X1 A
and. of complete freedom to follow up sources at other collection centers.
25X1A
b. Assign one analyst to and two or three indus- 25X1A9a
?5X1A9a trial specialists to Scientific Di.-~ision; or, one additional analyst
(preferably a metallurgical specialist) to and two to Scientific 25X1A
Division (preferably a chemical and an engineering industries' specialist).
25X1X4
d.. Assignment of an East-West trade specialist to Survey 25X1A9a
Group, Office of Political Affairs, would be of marginal value 25X1A
in improving collection of economic intelligence, but would be a good spot for
a D/A analyst to observe workings of East-West trade negotiations and enforce-
ment of export control. This is a special case and should be considered
separately from the rest of the program.
9. Length of tour of duty: Su gent thEt two members of the team be assigned
to a full two-year tour to insure continuity of operations, and the remainder
on a six month's basis.
10. It is recommended as a special measure that ORR'smost experienced
Satellite and USSR railroad analysts be assigned to successive TDY assign-
25X1A6a ments in ranging from two to six weeks for purposes of giving first-
25X1A6a hand guidance to _and other organizations collecting railroad information.
TYPO OP ADDITIONAL ORR :FERS011TNR1L NEEDED
I. Onae of the fundamental questions to be determined, in the assignment of
25X1A6a personnelto the is whether these analysts should be general
economists or specialists in a particular field. Most of the economic intelli-
gence collected in this theater is from relatively low-level sources and
deals with specific sectors of the economy rather than with overall economic
developments. And on these specialized type reports, interrogators and.
editors need specific guidance, guidance on the most important insillations
that should be covered, guidance on the obtaining of technical information,
which is assuming increasing importance in ORR's attempt to assess qualita-
tive factors of a country's econo . his type of guidance can best be
25X1A9a rendered by the specialist, and and I both feel that we should.
select our representatives accordingly. Since only a few ORR branches can
25X1A6a be represented in however, the specialists chosen should have suffi-
cient ORR experience to be familiar with the needs of branches other than
their own.
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12. The selection of type of specialists should depend on the volume of
information collected on a particular subject and the availability of
specialists on the subject already in the theater. On the basis of these
factors, I would suggest thekLssignment of a chemical, a metallurgical, and an
engineering specialist in ac3ition to the agricultural specialist already on
duty.
13. So far as I know there are no metallurgical specialists attached. to any
of the intelligence collection groups in this theater. There is a considerable
flow of reporting on the subject, and a number of technical questions on
iron and steel production have b eon referred to me from time to time that
could have been much better answered by a specialist.
14. Much ame situation exists in regard to reporting on the chemical
25X1A9a industry. is the only chemist in Scientific Division, but his
time is fully occupied with administrative duties. The Army and Navy both
have chemical specialists, but their interests seem to be on military aspects
such as chemical warfare, and on research and tevelopment rather than on
25X1A9a proc?_uction. has indicated that he would like very much to have a
chemical specialist from ORB attached to his group.
15. In the field of the engineering in.E!ustries, there seem to be no specialists
in the theater outside the realm of military production. Navy keeps a zealous
eye on shipbuilding. Air Force has a potent staff of ATLO's (Air Technical
Offic vering every phase of research and development and production
Liaison ers co
25X1A9a of aircraft. iha.s men on naval weapons, *i.rcra.ft, guided missiles, and
electronics. In the field of production of ground weapons and ammunition, X1A9a
there is plenty of room for an ORB specialist. The briefing that
25X1A gave= on Soviet AFV production was, I believe, the fist such guidance
they had ever had; yet armament producing installations are one of their
highest collection priorities. Reporting on machinery production probably
confounds the interrogators more than any other subject. There are specialists
in the area, on electronics; Air Force has a man on production equipment, but
his interest is primarily in specialized equipment for aircraft production.
That is about all. Reporting on any one type of machinery, with the possible
exception of the electrical and electronics field, is hardly sufficient to
occupy the time of one analyst. What is needed is a specialist well grounded.
in the basic processes of ma.ny.facturing--casting, forging, and machining--
who can represent the interests of all of the branches of D/I. The electronic
field is a little different. There seems to be a considerable amount of
25X1A9a reporting, but it is too hi:ghl slanted on the technical side with the economic
aspects somewhat neglected. would like an ORR electronics expert working
side by side with his electronics specialist. I asked him why his men with
a little additional effort could not cover the production aspects for us; but
he replied that he felt he should concentrate on research and development.
I am inclined to the opinion that inasmuch as our representation in 25X1A6a
is going to be a small one that we should not attempt to parallel - 25X1A9a
but to supplement him.
16. Language qualifications, I feel, are a secondary consideration to sub-
stantive qualifications. As a rule there are an adequate number of interro-
gators available to work with our representatives on almost any language.
it obi. 1 e .~ a in a minimum of direct interrogations.
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A knowledge (,,f German would be useful for scanning the considerable number of
reports that are collected in the German language, narticularly for anyone
assigned to Speaking ability in Russian or any of the 25X1A
Satellite languages, while useful, is not at all necessary.
25X1X4
25X1X4
25X1X4
25X1X
17, Before discussing the pros and cons of assigning ORR personnel to various
organizations, I will review briefly the t,,rpes of sources which will have to
be covered by these personnel and the organizations which are exploiting them:
25X1A6a 25X1A6a
c. Defectors: exploited at - a half hour's drive from
Number of sources varies from time to time. At present only two sources
being exploited who have2h_Xo offer in the field of economic intelligence,
25X1 a 1 m A6a
turned. exploited at on outskirts of
Sources are small in number but high in quality.
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what potential exists among these refugees.
18. In the pursuance of the above program, the following
are the organizations to which ORR personnel might be assigned:
25X1A a. (list of functions attached):
Strategic offers the Moo owing advantages for the placement of
ORR personnel:
(1)
25X1X4
25X1A6d (2) It is centrally located in the - Building.
(3) It has excellent communications with Washington,
including a weekly telecon, in which ORR could
participate.
(4) Its leadership is dynamic (but will change in
September), and the Division seems to be in a
favorable position as regards the General's
office. Through its representation in
25X1A ORR would be in a good position to
emphasize the importance of economic intelligence
25X1A6a to the top level of the
On the other hand, there are these disadvantages:
(1) Concentration of effort is on East Germany,
Poland, and Czechoslovakia. has no 25X1A
25X1A9a signific nt mission as regards the USSR,
although has indicated that they might
expand their coverage in the future.
25X1A (2) has a heavy workload of oral briefings,
watch committee work, and weekly, monthly, and
other reports. These activities are of little
or no value to ORR, yet it is difficult to see
how ORR personnel assigned to could 25X1A
25X1A9a avoid shouldering the burden of some of this
evaluation work. has assured 25X1A9a
that he will be free to follow up sources in
other collection organizations. If, however,
he has three people from ORR filling his slots,
he will want them to produce some evaluated
intelligence. In requesting a statistician,
he must have in mind doing some analysis of
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Eastern German or Czech production statistics,
which activity would be a repetition of work 25X1X4
being done in ORR. Rendering guidance to
operations in the field of economic intelligence
n rlrl
d-4 m? of
h
e
of t
nnu ~na~~TQta~ a-,s1 fined to Strategic. They snoula "5X1A6a
the remaining 75% of their time at
25X1A6a Once they start engaging in
analysis wor , however, they will not have the
time to carry out this guidance program.
If we could gain assurance that ORR personnel assigned
to Strategic would have as their primary mission the rendering
ollection organizations, then Strategic would
t
o c
of guidance
IR
ion. Under the 25X1A6a
be a good place to assign our ent ntat
new decentralized organization in we may not
be in a position to obtain such a guarantee, u feel that
25X1A9a is sufficiently anxious to expand his organization, and
par cularly to staff it with economists, that he may be
willing to go along with us. The important thing is to have
a full understanding on the matter before we assign any
additional personnel. Regarding his requests for a general
economist and a statistician, we might be able to satisfy him
with a specialist with a good economic background (or give in
completely on this point) and another specialist with a good
statistical background.
25X1A9a out of town for several weeks; but when he
returns, and I will discuss the matter with him.
25X1A
25X1A9a c. Scientific Division: - has expressed an interest
in having one or two ORR industrial specialists, preferably
chemical and electronic, assigned to his division. His people
are a fine group to work with, and in many respects, their
interests are closely akin to ours. Scientific is an ideal
organizational setup for guiding the collection of intelligence.
25X1A9a personnel can move wherever the sources are, have no
analytical responsibilities, and serve only one master. This
may be one place for assigning industrial spec k' is if we are
unable to make satisfactory arrangements with Then
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too, it may be the one place where we could assign personnel
for six-month tours of duty.
25X1A6a ..d. has been an ideal
operating center from our point of view. They have given me
adequate logistical support 7ATIthmit requiring me to perform 25X1A9a
I _
s
d me 100% in my outside activities. e on
k
b
e
ac
have
disadvantage, and it has been a substantial one, is its
location in the country. This has made it difficult for m~5X1A6d
to keep up with developments in the -Building. The
number of defectors at the present time is not sufficient to
justify a full time ORR Representative, unless that represen-
tative'services other activities as well. And these other 25X1A6d
activities can be better served from the Building. If
we are to have several representatives in it would be25XlA6a
better to have the appropriate specialist visit M as the 25X1A6a
need arises. If, however, there is no organization in the
25X1A6d -Building to which we can assign personnel without
integration into an evaluation program, then the disadvantage
25X1A6a of location might be more than balanced by the advantage of
freedom of movement at _ Judging by transfer,25X1A9a
it may well be that the General's office would not in the
future permit us to place a representative at -, even if25XlA6a
we wished to do so.
25X1X4
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25X1A - 8 - 25X1A
25X1A9a
source material consists of var*c* es of intelligence which
ORR receives, and in addition, 25X1X4
and ~ reports, wh oes no receive. rom
this material ishes a series of East-West trade
25X1A9a , . r,. ,..,.,, ?, -i-,-- -n_ - aa .r_- r - A rIr,,,- ------nA n 4?
25X1A9a For example, - may receive =report indicating that 25X1A6a
25X1X4
25X1A9a would like to have an ORR East-West trade
specialist assigned to his group on an integrated basis for a
period of six months or longer. This specialist would assist
25X1A9a - section in the preparation of reports and would look
out for items in which ORR might be interested. -took 25X1A9a
particular pains to point out that ORR would thus have access
to certain types of reports which it would not otherwise
distri-
25X1X4 receive. I asked him why ORR couldn't be put on the distri-
bution list for the if they
so desired. He repl e a these were too sensitive to be
forwarded to Washington, which I find hard to understand.
25X1A6a Rather than send someone to to read these reports, it
might be better to get ORR placed on the distribution list
25X1A9a for them. (Incidentally, is microfilming all25X1A9a
of files.)
While assignment of an ORR specialist to this group
seems of marginal value so far as improving the collection of
economic intelligence is concerned, it might be valuable in
providing a D/A analyst with an opportunity to observe the
workings of East-West trade negotiations in_ and of trade
enforcement activities. A deterring factor, however, is the
25) It ~rtaint of the part to be played by the
upon completion of the contractual agreement,
in East-West trade matters. If ORR is interested in making
such an assignment, I feel it should be considered as a special
25X1A9a case apart from the rest of the -representation. 25X1A6a
or I will, if further interest is evinced, go to Bonn
and obtain the latest information on the future of Survey
Group's activities.
19. If either (a) for (b) is adopted, I think that each ORR
representative should, in addition to his functional specialty,
have the responsibility for monitoring a particular collection
program. One analyst should be responsible for following
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responsibility might be termed an administrative one, whereby
the ORR representative would keep himself fully informed of
sources being processed, problems of collection, and support
for particular programs which might be required from Washington.
It would also fix responsibility for insuring that all subjects
of economic interest, whether or not within the field of one
of the assigned specialists, are properly covered.
20. In regard to the length of the tour of duty of ORR
25X1A6a representatives in - there are certain disadvantages
in a six month's tour. Ordinarily an analyst would require
several months to reach full effectiveness in his duties here;
shortly after that he returns home. It is somewhat disconcerting
to the collection organizations to have a constant turnover in
the personnel giving them guidance. For a man with a family,
he must either leave his family behind him or bring them over
at his own expense. What is more important are the problems
involved in uprooting his family for such a short period. On
the other hand, the short tour enables more analysts to secure
this valuable field experience and permits the sending of a
greater variety of specialists over a given period of time.
The full two year tour insures a greater continuity of
effort, enables an analyst to become more proficient in his
duties, but has the attendant disadvantage of keeping the
specialist too long out of touch with his analytical duties,
probably making it more difficult for him to readjust when he
returns.
On this problem I would suggest a combination of the two
procedures. Assign one or two analysts to a two year tour and
the remainder for six month tours. In this way we can preserve
continuity, and, at the same time, continually augment the
mission with new blood. This method would work best if all
our representatives were grouped together, either 25X1A
or divided between and Scientific.25X1A
fit:. As a special measure, I would recommend that ORR's
most experienced analyst on Satellite railroads be sent to 25X1A6a
25X1A6a on TDY for a period of from two to six weeks to give
Pirs and guidance on collection of railroad information.
This visit should be followed by a similiar one from an
experienced USSR railroad analyst. The primary mission of
25X1A9a these analysts would be to confer with of ~ 25X1A6a
who, though responsible for collection o all economic
intelligence, has for a long period of time been concentrating
on railroads. Virtually every source handled by- is
25X1A9a interrogated on this subject. ~ knows his business, knows
in general what information to collect, but needs specific
guidance from Washington as to how to concentrate his effort
and what specific information to collect. The 11111111111111111publicationE25X1A8a
on Soviet railroad systems, which we have furnished
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have been of great help to him, in fact have constituted the
only guidance he has received from Washington. Further current
written requirements would help him, but I feel that the
stimulus of personal guidance from experts is what he needs,
and that such guidance would pay immediate dividends in the
form of better reporting, and reporting better suited to our
needs. 25X1A6a
Although guidance to - would be their primary mission,
these analysts would Also have the opportunity to confer with
other groups, such as Air Force and SO, which are collecting
railroad information.
This very short tour of duty has been suggested, because
I feel the best people could be spared for a short time,
whereas ORR might feel it could not part with them for as
long as six months. I feel, too, that inasmuch as they will
be conferring with people experienced in collecting railroad
information, that the guidance mission can be accomplished
in a relatively short period of time.
25X1A9a
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