IS CIA A CULPRIT OR A FALL GUY?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00001R000400180012-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 22, 1999
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: February 19, 1967
• Content Type: NSPR

WASHINGTON POST
AND TIMES HERALD
Sanitized - ApproveEEr1ea S e : CIA-RDP75-00001 R00 -
E~ ~ 1e5b1 _ ,,.....__,,...TATLNTL_._
CPYRGHT
CIA a Culprit or a 'all Gil
Now Accused of Subverting a Free
i Society, Agency Admittedly Gets
The Government's Dirty Jobs
By ,Stephen S. Rosenfeld
fie, Inrton Poe ate11.lvrlter -? The 1947 Act said the CIA "should
NCE AGAIN THE COU:ti ri . 1s' 'Defenders of the CIA-NSA link de-
0 shocked, and divided, by revela- Glared that the worldwide youth com have no police, subpoena or law en-
tions about the Central Intelligence. bat had been vigorous, effective and forcement powers or internal security
Agency. necessary; that the political and moral functions." These are the FBI's. But the
Most of the earlier paroxysms were 'toll was no more than hand-wringers CIA was made "responsible for pro- i
caused by a conspicuous foreign flap would make it, and that'anyway, there tecting intelligence sources and meth
was the cold war. Regardless, of today's ods from unauthorized disclosure"
by the CIA, but this one arose from prospects for detente, was it ` not so Since anything the agency touches any-
its "successful" Involvement with, a do- that. 15 years ago the Soviet menace, where in the world might be deemed
mestic organization, the National Stu- or asense of it, loomed large? Did to relate to. "intelligence sources and;
dent Association. not the CIA help guide the coup- methods,? its mandate for secrecy Is
Ramparts magazine revealed that for 'try into the relative calm in which it virtually unlimited. The Central In-
15 over the CIA? telligence Act of 1949 made that man-~
15 years the CIA' had secretly cubs,- In a larger sense, could not the CIA date explicit.
dized the supposedly independent and ~ be the fall guy for problems too tough
unofficial youth organization so it and dirty for other Government de. The Control Problem'
could enter cold war competition with _.partments? The' lightning rod for the NEITHER THE NSA CASE nor any
the others illustrates the no-
unconfessed neuroses of the nuclear' NEITHER
well-funded official Communist groups,, torious "control". problem as It is usu-
in the international youth movement., age? The scapegoat for the unavoid- ally defined: the CIA getting out of
The outcry was Instant. Congres- able sacrifices of the cold war? hand, taking a course of Its own be-
sional investigations were called for' Philosophy aside, NSA Is not just one yond the ken or grasp of the policy-
and President Johnson ordered an ex-' isolated case but the latest In a con- makers and perhaps even subverting
ecutive "review" with two aims: to siderable series in which the CIA's ? the policy-makers.
keep the CIA and other official Interaction with domestic elements There was control in the sense that
agencies from endangering the "Integ- the White House, if not the President'
rity and Independence" of American pitted the demands of national security personally, authorized or was informed
educational institutions, and to assure against the demands of, a free society. ;'of these projects. The CIA's congres-
that "America's private organizations" The central feature of the cases is sional overseers were apparently kept
play their "proper and vital role" In that the CIA was involved, in activities I posted, too.
world affairs. far distant from the citizens' view But it seems obvious that the con-
Whether both these aims can be of It as an Intelligence n.-;ency en- trol was maintained by men represent-
served-whether a private institution gaged In foreign operations related to ing the security interests of the United
can play a world role without endan- security. States and not by men representing the
goring its independence-was the cen- The law setting up . the CIA; the
'tral question raised by the Ramparts more abstract interests of Ir free
National Security Act of 11147 assigned
disclosure. its functions but did, not specify the society.
terrain - at home or abroad --- where ' The NSA case, the 15-year CIA link
Critics and Defenders it would carry them out. In all the with the Massachusetts Institute of
CRITICS OF THE CIA-NSA tie cases cited here, the CIA evidently Technology and the bizarre slander
questioned% whether official was dealing on home soil to carry out suit brought by Eerik Heine against
American participation in the world functions interpreted as allowed by the a the operative ar hadhiccommon origin
youth propaganda circuses would have' 1947 act. three situations outlived.
been as damaging and whether play-. That act was quite general. A told
ing the Communist youth game could the CIA to coordinate, evaluate and Just as the CIA enlisted the student
win permanent or valuable friends. disseminate Intelligence and also, to group for cold war competition in 1952,
They deplored the embarrassment of perform "additional services" and it enlisted MIT in 1951 to procure ex-
a democratic society acting in the man- "other functions" as directed by the pert national . security :research that
nor expected of a Communist society -,National Security Council, the Presi was deemed Imperative and that was .
and being caught. In the deception- 'dent's personal advisory group. available nowhere `else. The cold war
with the attendant inroads on Ameri-!, These services and functions were had caught the United States short.
cans' faith in their Government's in-assigned by the NSA over the years
tegrity. They doubted that the sub -Ii in supersecret directives known to Tea MIT Case
sidizers had adequately weighed that very few people, even In Government, T WAS THE LATE 1940. -11
s. The cold
risk. to act In the cases discussed here., . war was in full sNying.,Tbe Comma-
Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP75-00001 R000400180012-2
e
 CPYRGHT
st Europe we ':e ' ' 11m QMV,
Sairiti>ze~4prpr{~{;` i[CR~
State Department elsewhere in Government. re- their interest in the old country and
It turned to a likely., relatives there, they could also be put
sent th'e suggestion that. to work for
to use by Soviet intelligence.
..;.err technical advice for, the CIA is to be corrupted, or to be.
., Crating the jamming: the. come a cold war slave, Should the And so it was that a Washington
its Institute of Technology CIA, as a branch of Government, be highway engineer of Estonian back-
;::1 Mass. denied access to universities? Should ground, Jurl Rails, on three occasions'
,;ution was successful enough academics be denied the chance. to in 1963 and 1964'made charges against
:tic question of what audiences contribute to the CIA? Eerik Heine, a former Estonian-now
for and what to say to. them, Many outraged Americans, to be a Canadian citizen-who was a rising
-;!;:ems that had never been partic- sure, want the CIA isolated from the star in Estonian emigre affairs in North
;: rly urgent when the broadcasts academy, believing that the CIA's America.
weren't getting through. It was not methods and missions run counter to Raus said Heine was an agent of
long before the active policy-hungry 1 the academy's commitment to truth: the Soviet seraee pmice who had been
minds at MIT thought to set up a body At the bottom of the protest is a. strut to penetrate emigre ranks. Heine
to do research for the intelligence belief that a thing should be what it - sued Rails for slander.
community. In his defense, Rails admitted he
says it is-a. belief violated by sub-
Only the CIA had the quick money, terranean CIA dealings with universi?. was a paid CIA operative who, is
discretely profferred to set the "Center ? ties,' the supposed founts - of open in." commenting on Ilein did what the
of international Studies" on its feet. { . gtriry. CIA had instructed h him to do. He
The idea was to get private founds. refused to say more and balked Heine's
attempts at cross examination on
'lions to sustain it, and foundation grounds that further disclosure would
money did arrive, but CIA contracts The MSU Casa be illegal and compromise American,
kept coming, too. A former OSS man, i ROM 1955 TO 1959, five undercover, security.
Walt W. Rostow, helped the Center -IL agents of the CIA took part in a Those who had thought of the CIA
set up, and an assistant director of Michigan State University project to as an agency which ferreted out for.
CIA, Max Millikan, became its director help develop a police and civil admin. eign intelligence and conducted opera-
. in 1952. istration in South Vietnam. In 1962,: tons on foreign soil were taken a-
Center officials concede no qualms the MSU project ended. In April, ,back to discover its hand in an Ameri-
about accepting money secretly from 1966, Ramparts magazine revealed a can organization composed of Ameri-
the CIA. They deemed CIA money CIA link, saying the agency had used no citizens acting on American soil.
no more compromising or corrupt than MSU as a "cover" to support the Heine said this was an 4'internal
functi-
money from another branch of Gov-'--Dinh Diem dictatorship by trainiNgong~ ited to security the
CIA the CIAun" specifically prohib
ernment. In fact, they found the CIA' by law. But, said Rails,
his militia and by buying guns and'
did less interfering and nitpicking .. - - - .. - - that same law orders the CIA to pro'
than other Government agencies with ammunition for his civil guard and;, tcet Its "intelligence sources," of which --
which they dealt. personal police. ! he was one. Said Chief Judge Roszel
And so Millikan "reluctantly" de- Thus Americans learned' that a uni-?;. C. Thomsen in Federal Court- In Balti-
cided in 1965, after the Center's CIA versity service project had sonteltowmare: "That the immediate intelit.
association became wthely known, that ? become involved in the secret support'.
ass Center would let its CIA contracts of a police state. gence source Is located in the U.S. does:
not make it an "internal security fun.c?'
In statements which have all been1,. ' . -- -
run out and accept nb'more. As he Lion, over which the CIA .has no
contested, in 1966, it`` was "for prat= , MSU has claimed that it dill aubltority,"
tics] and not moral reasons not know it had hired CIA agents, that
be. it fired them and dropped the whole Judge Thomsen had said during the
cause the contracts were subject to Vietnam project after discovering 1' trial, when Raus claimed immunity and
misinterpretation, particularly abroad, :them and that its project was not an! clammed up: "You are. not going to,
though also in this country ... . Our instrument of Diem's police rule. persuade this court that there is any-.
research always resulted in p,ublica- I Two things apparently happened: ! body in this country. who does not
dons by the researchers.00 , ? have some rights."
The readers of those MSU accepted a contract to pro.
publications vide police training of d .sort not But he ruled for Rails and dismissed
presumably believed they were getting taught in American, universities; and the slander suit against him.
not a study ordered by an intelligence iwhen It had to turn afield for person- That the CIA early. in the cold war
agency concerned with the cold war nel, the CIA slipped in. MSU foun(.l,' infiltrated the ranks of emigres from
but the scholarly product of a univer- itself in an unwanted and unforeseen Communist countries is common knowl-
sity concerned with the truth. This is involvement with Dient,s police rule. edge, and although the value of intclli-'
Just what they were getting, the Center ? Diem's rule changed color consid- gence gained by emigre contacts can-
still believes. not be judged by an outsider
The CIA came to MIT somewhat erably during tile MSU contract. It it
started out looking effective and re seems logical to assume that however
accidentally, but naturally enough in great the value may once have been
view of the presence there of men like sponsible, and ended as ugly and re.- ',i"
Walt Rostow and Max Millikan,' pressive. * it declines as time goes by. And the o
Thoughtful men ask not, whether_ N}I_'I' The question is how n university chances of embarrassment grow as the
ought to approach outside service-pro- , rising line of detente crosses the es-
was drawn into a trap but whether it, viding agreements under conditions it 1.,sentially cold war orientation of most
retained a CIA affiliation beyond ur- can't control. CIA-emigre types.
gent national need. And did a kind of } In the gray light through which an
imperial momentum need.
overtake, the CIA. cvs I outsider must
pce a can'ask what,
so that It made an- expedient Into a Rails vs. Heiuc part is played, in emigre circles by per.
permanent ' institutional-tie? rfHE SPROUTING OF THE cold sonal animus; whether individuals can
war after World War Il gave -manipulate intelligence agencies in
what American and Soviet intelligence -stead of the other way around, auo
people saw as real importance to whether one - intelligence agency can
Sanitized - AO `t blhRdl a e coCi -[~Y8iO 8040400.18.0.012-2
tc came - under Cotnmpnist rule..
1 n
 ..1questlan must also be asked
.,,thcr CIA ft0ft'IFJwiApvov
~cc is an appropriate price to pay for
the intelligence value of Its emigre op-
erations.
Another question Is raised by the
1 bombing of six Yugoslav missions in
F the United States and Canada last
month (two Americans died, six Yugo-
slavs were injured): Did the CIA have
any association with the anti-Commu-?
nist Yugoslav emigres in the United
States? The FBI is currently looking
among them for suspects in the bomb-
ing.
Another case touching the CIA's re-
lation to American law arose last July
when CIA officers entered a.home in
Georgetown without a warrant and
removed papers which had been left
there by Hans Tefte, then ? a CIA of-
ficial, who said he had been doing
work at home.
The CIA said that an agency eta
ploye inspecting a basement apartment
happened upon a pile of classified CiA
documents on the third floor and re-
turned the next day with a colleague'
in order' to remove them for safe-'
keeping.
The, CIA entered the house, said
Tofte, who soon, was fired from his
$25,000 post, "illegally, minus a warrant
and -without date process of law." He
has sued the director of CIA and three
others for $25,000. in damages.
Surprising Estimate
r'iHE CASES OF THE CIA's briefing
on the Soviet economy and the
"Department of Disinformation"
touched issues` of the CIA's relation-
ship to American public opinion.
On Jan. 9, 1964, the CIA broke a
long-standing policy of official silence
to hold a press .conference. Several
specialists reported on the Soviet econ-
omy. Their 'evident ? purposes were:
1. To give the CIA's estimates of
the state of the Soviet economy (2.5
per cent growth in 1961-62).
2. To puncture. Soviet "boasts of over-
taking and surpassing" United States
production, as a press release said.
3. To promote the viewpoint that the
West should not ease the Soviet eco-
nomic pinch by granting long-term
credits.
To face down the surprise with
its low estimates of Soviet growth, the
CIA. said it had "more Information"
and the "best techniques" on analysis
and that "only we" estimate the cur-
rent Soviet gross product.
On what Authority was the CIA
CPYRGHT
d For Release : CIA-RDP75-00001 R000400180012-2
addressing the American public? The
1947 National Security Act ordered it
to "provide for the appropriate dis-
semination of (such) intelligence within
Department D -
0 N SEPT. 28, 1965, Rep. Melvin
Price (D-lll,) put into the Con-
gressional Record a 5000-word "paper,"
"The Soviet and Communist Bloc Def-
amation Campaign-Synopsis." Its ap-
to label all criticism of the CIA,
whether from domestic or foreign
sources, as the product of a Soviet "De-
partment of Disinformation."
Price, a mchiber of one of the con-
gressional committees which oversee
the CIA, did not Identify the author-
ship or origin of the document.
The document described a "depart-
ment D (for disinformation)" of the
Soviet secret police, saying its first
purpose was to "destroy the confidence
of the Congress and the. American pub-
hem n U.S. "personnel and agencies en-
gaged in anti-Communist and cold war
activity."
"CIA, in. its intelligence, role," said
the document, "is feared by the Sovi-
ets for its responsibility and ability to
penetrate and unmask Communist con-
spiracies against 'democratic institu-
tions." '
The account was. never identified as
a CIA document but it Is hard to be-
, lievetthat it was not. It was an allega-
tion with no person or organization to
take responsibility for it.
In its effort to show that criticism of
the CIA arises from the machinations
of communism, It directly branded one,
'CIA critic as -a Communist, using a
record of Hitler's secret police, as au-
thority. '
If the document was a CIA product,
the CIA was making,damaging alle;
Hans V. Tofte accused the CIA
of pilfering. ,
gations, against its critics ~n a libel-
proof forum where they could not'-'
reply. '
The agency has published a pam-
phlet, "The C e n-t r a t Intelligence
Agency;" which says: "The CIA does
not co'hfirm or deny published' re-
ports, whether true or false; favorable
or unfavorable to the' Agency or its
personnel."
But as the NSA case has again made
clear, so much about ? the CIA is not ,+,
apparent-and what seems to be least
apparent Is how to fit its contribution
to national security to the principles
of the, free society It seeks to defend,
Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP75-00001 R000400180012-2
FEB 19 1967