FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1972

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 66
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 17, 2001
• Sequence Number: 26
• Publication Date: June 8, 1972
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 8, 1972, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE S 9123
in the RECORD under Statements on In- zation, strike out "$500,000,000 for the fiscal
troduced Bills and J61nt Resolutions.) year 1972" and insert in lieu thereof "$600,-
000,000 for the fiscal year 1973".
(2) In section 506(a), relating to special
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE authority, strike out "1972" wherever it ap-
pears and insert in lieu thereof "1973".
A message from the House of Repre- (3) In section 513, relating to military as-
sentatives, by Mr. Berry, one of its read- sistance authorizations for Thailand-
ing clerks, announced that the House (A) insert in the section caption immed-
had agreed to the report of the com- lately. after "Thailand", a comma and the
mittee of conference on the disagreeing following: "Laos, and South Vietnam"; and
votes of the two Houses on the amend- add at the end thereof the following
new w sentence: "After Julie 30, 1973, no mili-
ment of the House to the bill (S. 659) tary assistance shall be furnished by the
to amend the Higher Education Act of United States to Laos or South Vietnam di-
1965, the Vocational Education Act of rectly or through any other foreign country
1963, the General Education Provisions unless that assistance is authorized under
Act (creating a National Foundation for this Act or the Foreign Military Sales Act."
Postsecondary Education and a National (4) (A) In section 514(a) (1), relating to
special foreign country accounts, strike out
Institute of Education), the Elementary
wherever it appears and insert in lieu
t0r
and Secondary Education Act of 1965, f "25".
thereof "25".
Public Law 874, 81st Congress, and re- (B) The amendment made by subpara-
lated acts, and for other purposes. graph (A) of this paragraph is effective July
The message also announced that the 1, 1972.
House had disagreed to the amend- (5) At the end of such chapter 2, add the
ments of the Senate to the bill (H.R. following new section:
14734) to authorize appropriations for 'SEC. 515. LIMITATIONS ON AVAILABILITY OF
FUNDS
the Department of State and for the U.S. FOR MILITARY OPERATIONS.-(a) No
funds authorized or appropriated under any
Information Agency; agreed to the con- provision of law shall be made available by
ference asked by the Senate on the dis- any means by any officer, employee, or agency
agreeing votes of the two Houses there- of the United States Government for the
on, and that Mr. MORGAN, Mr. ZABLOCKI, purpose of financing any military operations
Mr. HAYS, Mr. FOUNTAIN, Mr. FASCELL, by foreign forces in Laos, North Vietnam, or
Mr. MAILLIARD, Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, Mr. Thailand outside the borders of the country
BROOMFIELD, and Mr. THOMSON Of W1S- of the government or person receiving such
funds unless Congress has specifically au-
consin were appointed managers on the thorized or specifically authorizes the making
part of the House at the conference. of funds available for such purpose and des-
ignates the area where military operations
financed by such funds may be undertaken
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1972 outside such borders.
The.,, PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. "(b) Upon requesting Congress to make
-_y _
..
t,
th
s.
t shall
P
h
i
uc
on
e
res
en
ut
or
z
of an
n
ress
d
t
r nt
C
g
e
o
` g
a copy
o
lays before the Senate S. 3390, a prov
amend the Foreign Assistance Act proposed to be entered into with any such
government or person and the complete de-
The bill was read by title as follows: dent shall provide a copy of any such agree-
A bill (S. 3390) to amend the Foreign ment and thereafter of all plans and details
Assistance Act of 1961, and for other pur- of such operation."
poses. SECURITY SUPPORTING ASSISTANCE
The Senate proceeded to consider the SEc. 5. Section 532 of the Foreign Assist-
The Act of 1961, relating to authorization
bill, which had been reported from the for security supporting assistance, is amend-
Committee' on Foreign Relations with ed by striking out "1972" and "$618,000,000"
an amendment to strike out all after and inserting in lieu thereof "1973" and
the enacting clause and insert: "$650,000,000," respectively.
That this Act may be cited as the "Foreign TRANSFER BETWEEN ACCOUNTS
Assistance Act of 1972". SEC.6. Section 610(a) of the Foreign As-
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION sistance Act of 1961, relating to transfer be-
SEC. 2. Section 234(c) of the Foreign As- tween accounts, is amended-
sistance Act of 1961, relating to the Overseas (1) by inserting immediately after "except
Private Investment Corporation, is amended that" the designation "(1) "; and
by striking out "(1) accept as evidence of (2) by inserting before the period at the
indebtedness debt securities convertible to end thereof a comma and the following: "and
stock, but such debt securities shall not be (2) no funds made available for any pro-
converted to stock while held by the Corpo- vision of part I of this Act may be transferred
ration" and inserting in lieu thereof "(1) in to, or consolidated with, funds made avail-
its financing programs, acquire debt securi- able for any provision of part II of this Act
ties convertible to stock or rights to acquire (including chapter 4 of such part II) ".
stock, but such debt securities or rights shall PROHIBITION AGAINST FURNISHING ASSISTANCE
not be converted to stock while held by the
Corporation". SEC. 7. Section 620 of the Foreign Assist-
REFUGEE RELIEF ASSISTANCE ance Act of 1961, relating to prohibitions
against furnishing assistance, is amended by
SEC. 3. Section 491 of the Foreign Assist- adding at the end thereof the following new
ance Act of 1961, relating to refugee relief subsection:
assistance, is amended by striking out "1972" (x) No assistance may be furnished under
and "$250,000,000" and inserting in lieu part II of this Act (including chapter 4 of
thereof "1973" and "$50,000,000", respective- such part), and no sale, credit sale, or guar-
ly anty with respect to defense articles or de-
MILITARY ASSISTANCE fense services may be made under the For-
SEC. 4, Chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign eign Military Sales Act, to, for, on behalf of
Assistance Act of 1961, relating to military the Governments of Pakistan, India (includ-
assistance, is amended as follows: ing Sikkim), Bangladesh, Nepal, Ceylon, the
(1) In section 504(a), relating to authori- Maldive Islands, or Bhutan."
ALLOCATION AND REIMBURSEMENT AMONG
AGENCIES
SEC. 8. Subsection (a) of section 632 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, relating to
allocation and reimbursement among agen-
cies, is repealed.
LIMITATIONS ON CAMBODIAN ASSISTANCE
SEC. 9. Section 655 of the Foreign Assist-
ance Act of 1961, relating to limitations upon
assistance to or for Cambodia, is amended-
(1) by striking out "$341,000,000" and
"1972", wherever they appear in subsections
(a) and (b) and inserting in lieu thereof
"$275,000,000" and "1973", respectively; and
(2) by inserting in subsection (g), after
"section", a comma and the following: "or
any amendment thereto,".
FOREIGN MILITARY SALES
SEC. T.T. The Foreign Military Sales Act is
amended as follows:
(1) In section 31(a), relating to authori-
zation, strike out "1972" and insert in lieu
thereof "1973".
(2) In section 31(b), relating to aggregate
ceiling on foreign military sales credits, strike
out "1972" and insert in lieu thereof "1973".
EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES
SEC. 11. Section 8(b) of the Act entitled
"An Act to amend the Foreign Military Sales
Act, and for other purposes", approved Janu-
ary 12, 1971, as amended, is amended by
striking out "$185,000,000" and inserting in
lieu thereof "$150,000,000".
HOSTILITIES IN INDOCHINA
See. 12. (a) Notwithstanding any provision
of this or any other Act, all United States
military forces, including combat and sup-
port forces, stationed in South Vietnam, shall
be withdrawn in a safe and orderly manner
from South Vietnam no later than August
31, 1972. No funds shall be authorized, appro-
priated, or used for the purpose of maintain-
ing any United States military forces, in-
cluding combat and support forces in South
Vietnam after August 31, 1972.
(b) The Involvement of United States
military forces, land, sea, or air for the pur=
pose of maintaining, supporting, or engaging
in hostilities in or over Indochina shall ter-
minate after-
(1) an agreement for a verified cease-fire
between United States Forces and the Na-
tional Liberation Front and those allied with
the National Liberation Front, and
(2) the release of all United States prison-
ers of war held by the Government of North
Vietnam and forces allied with such Govern-
ment, and
(3) an accounting for all Americans miss-
ing in action who have been held by or
known to such Government of such forces.
An accounting for such American personnel
referred to above shall be subject to verifica-
tion by the International Red Cross or any
other international body mutually agreed to
by the President of the United States and
the Government of North Vietnam,
AZORES AND BAHRAIN AGREEMENTS
SEC. 13. Commencing thirty days after the
date of enactment of this Act, no funds
may be obligated or expended to carry out
the agreements signed by the United States
with Portugal and Bahrain, relating to the
use by the United States of military bases in
the Azores and Bahrain, until the agreement,
with respect to which the obligation or ex-
penditure is to be made, is submitted to the
Senate as a treaty for its advice and consent.
PROHIBITING OBLIGATION OR EXPENDITURE OF
FUNDS FOR CERTAIN AGREEMENTS TO WHICH
THE SENATE HAS NOT GIVEN ITS ADVICE AND
CONSENT
SEC. 14. No funds may be obligated or ex-
pended to carry out any agreement entered
into, on or after the date of enactment of
this Act, between the United States Govern-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 9124
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE el , tne 8, 1972
anent and the government of any foreign
country (1) providing for the establishment
of a military installation in that country at
which combat units of the Armed Forces of
the United States are to be assigned to duty,
(2) revising or extending the provisions of
any such agreement, or (3) providing for the,
storage of nuclear weapons or the renewal of
agreements relating to such storage, unless
such agreement is submitted to the Senate
for its, advice and consent and unless the
Senate gives its advice and consent to such
agreement. Nothing In this section shall be
construed as authorizing the President to
enter into any agreement relating to any
other matter, with or witl out the advice
and consent of the Senate.
AUTHO:ZITY FOR THE COMMITTEE
ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE
TO FILE REPORTS
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the Com-
mittee on Labor and Public Welfare be
permitted to file reports until midnight
tonight.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
ORDER FOR RECOGNITION OF SEN-
ATOR TUNNEY AND SENATOR
ROBERT C. BYRD ON MONDAY,
JUNE 12, 1972 -
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that on Monday
next, Immediately after the two leaders
have been recognized under the stand-
ing order, the distinguished junior Sen-
ator from California (Mr. ThNNEY) be
recognized for not to exceed 15 minutes,
and that he be followed by the junior
Senator from West Virginia (Mr. ROBERT
C. BYRD:' for not to exceed 15 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
QUORUM CALL
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr, ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The P.E ESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
LNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREE-
MENT-BILL ADJUSTING RATES
OF PAY FOR GOVERNMENT EM-
PLOYEES--H.R. 9092
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that at such
time as H.R. 9092, an act to provide an
equitable system for thing and adjusting
the rates of pay for prevailing rate em-
ployees of the Government, is called up
and made the pending business before
the Sena ;e, there be a time limitation on
debate ac follows: Two hours on the bill,
to be equally divided and controlled by
the distinguished Senator from Hawaii
(Mr. Fora) and the distinguished Sen-
ator from Wyoming (Mr. McCAPE) ; the
time on any amendment, debatable mo-
tion, or appeal be limited to 30 minutes,
to be equally divided between and con-
trolled by the mover of such and the
manager of the bill (Mr. 11 cGEE) ; pro-
vided further, that Senators in control
of time on the bill may yield therefrom
to Senators on any amendment, debata-
ble motion, or appeal ; provided further
that if the manager of the bill should
favor any amendment, debatable motion
or appeal, then the time in opposition
thereto would be under the control of the
distinguished Republican leader or his
designee; and provided finally, that no
nongermane amendments may be in
order.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? Without objection, it is to
ordered.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I yield the floor.
LEAVE OF ABSENCE
Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. President, the
junior Senator from Kentucky (Mr.
Coox) will be with the crew of Apollo 16
on Monday. I ask unanimous consent
that he be granted leave of the Senate
on Monday next.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
PROGRAM
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
the program for Monday is as follows:
The Senate will meet at 11 a.m. After
the two leaders have been recognized
under the standing order,; the distin-
guished junior Senator from Califor-
nia (Mr. TUNNEY) will be recognized for
not to exceed 15 minutes, after which the
junior Senator from West Virginia, now
speaking, will be recognized for not to
exceed 15 minutes, following which there
will be a period for the transaction of
routine morning business for not to ex-
ceed 30 minutes, with statements therein
limited to 3 minutes.
At the conclusion of the period for the
transaction of routine morning business,
the Senate will resume consideration of
S. 3390, the bill to amend the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, and for other pur-
poses.
At 2:30 p.m. the Senate will proceed
to conduct three consecutive rolleall
votes on the following treaties, and in the
order stated: One, the International
Plant Protection Convention; two, the
Convention To Prevent and Punish Acts
of Terrorism; three, the Treaty with
Honduras on the Swan Islands.
Following the rollcall votes on the
aforementioned treaties, the Senate will
resume consideration of the Foreign As-
sistance Act.
So Senators are reminded that there
will be at least three rollcall votes on
Monday, these occurring back-to-back
and beginning at 2:30 p.m.
Mr. President, as a postscript, may I
say that the Senate will continue con-
sideration of the Foreign Assistance Act
on Tuesday through the remainder of
next week or until such time as the bill
is disposed of. The iearc=rship, however.
expects and hopes to operate, beginaline
with Tuesday, a two-track system where
necessary.
I might add that Senators should be
alerted to the possibility of Saturday ses-
sions beginning next wick and continu-
ing until the Democratic Convention,
there is a very strong possibility of Satur-
day sessions until the Republican Con-
vention.
There is much work to be done, so in
order to get the work done and remain-
ing "must" legislation enacted, it is high-
ly likely that there will be long sessions
and at least the possibility of some Satur-
day sessions.
I say this just so Senators may be on
notice and may act accordingly.
ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY,
JUNE 12, 1972, AT 11 A.M.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President.
if there be no further business to come
before the Senate, I move, in accordance
with the previous order, that the Senate
stand in adjournment until 11 o'clock
a.m. on Monday next.
The motion was agreed to; and at 5:32
p.m. the Senate adjourned until Monday,
June 12, 1972. at 11 a.m.
NOMINATIONS
Executive nominations received by the
Senate June 8, 1972:
DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE
W. Beverly Carter, Jr., of Pennsyiva~7is a
Foreign Service information officer if class
to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary of the United States of America
to the United Republic of Tanzania.
C. Robert Moore, of Washington, a Foreign
Service Officer of the class of career minister,
to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary of the United States of America to
the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
CONFIRMATIONS
Executive nominations confirined by
the Senate June 8,1972:
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMIS-
SION
William A. Carey, of Illinois, to be General
Counsel of the Equal Employment Oppor-
tunity Commission for is term of 4 years.
DEPARTMENT OF .7?-STICE
Richard G. Kleindienst of Arizona to be
Attorney General.'
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
George P- Shultz, of Illinois to be Secre-
tary of the Treasury.
Charls E. Walker, of Connecticut, to be
Deputy Secretary of the Treasury.
Edwin S. Cohen, of Virginia, to be Under
Secretary of the Treasury.
John Michael Hennessy, of Massachusetts,
to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury.
Lee H. Henkel, Jr., of Georgia, to be an
Assistant General Counsel in the Department
of the Treasury (Chief Counsel for the Iri-
ternal Revenue Service).
U.S. DIsTRIcr CccTRTs
Charles W. .Joiner, of Michigan, to be a
U.S. district judge for the eastern district of
Michigan.
Albert W. Coffrin, of Vermont, to be a U.S.
district judge for the district of Vermont.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 9281
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and . very mucn mteresi,eu ui 1b N1111 rvwui. er- Mr. SPARKMAN. Before we get to the
for _UtUer purposes. helpful i i e an a
fiscal year beginning July 1, 1973, un-
r. STENNIS. Mr. President, my posi- ence tof 1-6pningion reduout anus fiscal doubtedly we will be out of that war. In
tion fs very simple and short on an w
amendment that is also simple and short. a agreeon. A wa the fact, the Mansfield amendment which is
twoo us 1 in this bill requires that-
This is not a contest or a disagree-
ment, or anything of that kind, between `T is year weave worked on it again.. Mr. SYMINGTON. Did the Senator
two committees of the Senate. My atti- We did not quite reach an agreement. We say fiscal 1973?
tude is just to try to keep the lines did not quite get to that point. The pend- Mr. SPARKMAN. No, I said the fiscal
straight and keep the record straight ing bill provides that, after fiscal 1973, all year beginning July 1, 1973. The Mans-
with respect to the actual military oper- this would go back to the Foreign Rela- field amendment which is in this bill re-
ation, the fighting in Indochina. tions Committee. I am not suggesting the quires that all forces be removed from
The matter we have before us now, Foreign Relations Committee would not South Vietnam by August 31 of this year.
S. 3390, is the Foreign Assistance Act of do a good job on it. I just say that if we In other words, I think all of us will
We are no` g shagree ort time until we are going relatively
1961 and its continuation. This is an put
ave an nad quate sys em. are
annual be out
annual measure, , and d it includes our
worldwide military assistance program, have a source o move 1n the State of that war.
wherever it applies. Department to pay or the fightfn that Let me say something else. In past when
have h
the However, after we really got into the ' s eing carried on be e m11 ar ane d program and the economicp ogrmlinlita e MU =
war in Vietnam on an appreciable scale we w1 run 1n o same
and were paying the cost of the equip- sa un card a burdens that existed used to have them in two parts-I felt
very strongly that we ought not to be
mint, the weapons, and'really the oper- previously.
ation of the e army of South Vietnam, plus lus ~Y -amendment is to strike that called upon to handle the military pro-
the Koreans, who are also there, and amendment in the bill and await events, gram, but it was decided otherwise, and
also some other allies in a much smaller and just as soon as the hostilities stop I think the decision was made both by
way, and after we were carrying that over there, or even as soon as a nave it the committee and by the Senate. So I
load, running into the millions of dol- cease-fire agreemen car th do not find too much difficulty in going
lays for years. the machinery, the book- evi ence o permanence I wnnld be will- along with the Senator on this proposal,
,.,. v +n +ti,o Fnr- because it is just a matter of time; c-
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
nicrnh,. nave a5Sig11eu, w bu-- ~.?_~ 1`- - ?- STENNIS. I believe it is for 1973.
T
.
S
+rAns_ proposed bill, to await events. The mat- Mr
ENKMAN. Yes.
Mr
.
S
th ices cam- ter can be considered at any time next M STENNIS Yes it is that is cor-
r
'
year. year.
The Senator from Alabama (Mr. rect, for 1973 it is under the Foreign
~iittees- to let tfiat committee author- ' IF ?1 with this matter Relations Committee.
ttar
)
everything else was commingled, any- Mr. STENNIS. That 1s correc
way. for our troops and their troops. thank the Senator. Of course, I agree amendment just strikes out the provi-
?pr our n~ wn nreec nth area. or amendment does not change Thailan i
forms. All that money for supplies and to the Senator.
M SPARKMAN Mr President, I just changes Vietnam and Laos? t M
g
s
a- p wo
a
MAP-proved inadequate and inefficient ate do that. Bert back to the Committee on Foreign
when it came to the handling of the s evidence of my willingness, we
vast sums. agreed last year that jurisdiction over Relations under the regular MAP pro-
AP s a 13 eace program. It is military funds for Thailand would be sent to the gram; an I
s for peace, and-goes to a great many Foreign Relations Committee, because be willing to accept the amend-
countries. It is administered by the State the fighting was not going on there. At fir: SYMINGTON. Mr. President, will
Department under a regular, prescribed least, the prospect was that there would
system and distribution. Military aid to not be any fighting there, and I agreed the Senator yield?
South Vietnam during the fighting of to let this jurisdiction go back to the For- Mr. STENNIS. Yes; I thank the Sena-
am for glad his to very yield to timely re-
this war is really, as I have said, a war eign Relations Committee. for marks, from and I Alabama
measure. measure. It Is war money and it involves I have the same attitude now toward Senator from Missouri.
taking care of a fighting army under South Vietnam, Laos, and the other Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, I am
battle conditions. So we just have to have countries, as I had last year toward Thai-
y
ressed with the Mr. made m
a different system altogether. land. We were hoping last year the war impthe rested with the r gun a the made by
'MM McNa.m ra. then Sec etarv of De- would be over by now, but it is not, so we
nnPgxgd before our commlttee~xld nave to look realities in the face. Services Committee. I would ask, is Thai-
T ,.?moo +1,. Cana.te for the reasons I land currently under the Foreign Rela-
keeping, the accounting of our military 11 1~~ ~_-~ -=-w~-~-
ram-ordinarily called e tainly as the end or says nix
, be understood that it wouyld. r e-
nce ro
i
t
s am
ize what he saw in y SPARKMAN
Mr. SYMINGTON. And the Senator's
1~ f U I see him on his feet. I am glad to yield d t
fense. That was Mr. McNamara's rec- tee had this same provision In the bill, ,,;+}, t}~P ehairrnan g1~~ +i,a
ommendation, and the Foreign Relations and here on the floor of the Senate, as the tinm~iaerl Senator from Alabama (Mr.
Committee informally agreed to that. It Senator has pointed out, all of that part SPARKMAN) sad: r ,=,nm ld -accept a Mrs lip
has worked since 1966, and we have got- relating to countries other than Thailand amendment I would also support it.
ten along all right. was stricken from the bill. Thailand was
This had been gone into before. Since transferred to the MAP program. The Mr Missouri STENNIS. I very much. thank Ag the ain I Senator
too
I have become chairman I have known Senator at that time made a statement from . phasize that has worked A ain pr em-
about it, and our committee has gone into somewhat alone the lines of his remarks on ih having very carefully. Our staff has worked on this morning. I will quote what he said l em and worked is it very has worked
from year to year, it, and has
it. We have called on them for a com- last year on this issue. He said:
plete accounting of that money'and have r am willing ++ '+ in the t?+?rP ilr:~a ^+ on really made a contribution.
called on them for an accounting of the with respect to Southeast Asia be returned to Mr. President,- I think we ought to be
amount of money the Department of De- the Committee ions. ink very clear that we all want this war to be
fense has spent in different countries. that while we are there and our men are over, and are hoping that it will be, as
They have supplied the information. We there and the activities are going on, we we were a year ago that it would be over
ought to keep it where it is because they have by now. Certainly we hope that before
put it out marked table when the bills to be considered together. this matter arises again it will be over.
were r before, m We had up plenty stty of year and the e discussion As I understand, that is the same argu- But I want to makeit clear that until
yea
about it. The Senator from Missouri was meat the Senator presents at this time. it is, as long as we have this situation of
it would come from a different source. it aerstanamg that, we Aida. yttau rya=., - r-P,,,y,,,? of hn+h these CAmm+ttpac nasea
would come from the Department of De- example, the Foreign Relations Commit- on the w^r h t ;c gninu nn r wn31d agree
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
June 13, XJ7w
haven r rha22Ly the e sum.. pf money, I example, I mention the, Kontum area, this spells out the reasons why such a
ts,e ivri?Ai['t+nn of the Arne Serv- how it has held out successfully, and An shift is entirely. inappropriate at this
i ontinue as it is Loc. I am advised that spore 35 Am "I
un th rn?~e+.t law. isa ed time.
tanks of the North Vietnamese that had The main reason why such funding
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, will been knocked out of operation have been must remain for the time being within
the Senator yield? discovered recently in a very small area. the wartime funding iattern of the cur-
Mr. STENNIS. I yield. So I have that word of encouragement, rent methods is as follows:
Mr. SPARKMAN. I am glad the Sena- and I just decided last night that I would Since a war is in progress in South
tor makes that clear. say these words today in this debate, for Vietnam and Laos, it is simply imprac-
Mr. STENNIS. Yes. whatever they might be worth generally. tical for funding to be handled under the
Mr. SPARKMAN. I said that on the i want to make clear, now, that I am normal peacetime provisions of the mili-
ground that we were all confident that not predicting any great, overwhelming tary assistance program. The military
we ut before that time. victory, but I do think conditions are assistance program, properly under the
,:',Wr. 1 ,Yes. That is all right. I about I have
tli
ou
ned
I
ield t
th
S
y
o
e
enator from Missouri. Committee, is designed for peacetime
Just a word here: I have been thinking
Mr. SYMINGTON. I thank the able military aid. In peacetime we can make
a great deal. I have made very few Senator, and came over to support the precise estimates of equipment needs.
prophesies about the extent of this war, Senator on his amendment. On the con- In peacetime we can order a specific
and I do not make any prophesies now, duct of the war, I would ask the able number of rounds of ammunition and
but I am encouraged to say just a few chairman, inasmuch as the United States with precise levels of military grants or
ords about the present situation as com- has a gross national product of well over sales provide the stockpiles and modern
ared to what it was 60 days ago, or a trillion dollars, and the estimated gross weapons that our allies need.
oon ai'ter the offensive started. national product of North Vietnam is $3 But wartime is entirely different. Dur-
I feel encouraged by the developments billion, less than one-third of 1 percent ing the Korean war a funding system was
f the last few weeks. Maybe I am on of the gross national product of the established which was very similar to that
he gloomy side a little, or express my- United States, does the Senator not be- which we now use for South Vietnam and
elf when I am gloomy more than when lieve that if we really do our best to de - Laos. It essentially authorizes that funds
eeiing a little better. At any rate I have stro
th
f
y
e
orces attacking South Vietnam, appropriated for Department of Defense
ecided I would say just a few words to- in the long run we might well be success- military functions may be used by other
ay, In no way Intended to give a rosy re- fui? free world forces. That means that in the
ort .-) have heard too many rosy reports Mr. STENNIS. Oh, I think so, if we emergency conditions of a war, particu-
n this matter for the last many years- really put forth the effort, and appar- larly when U.S. forces are involved, we
but I think, Mr. President, that it is ently we have
fair and accurate to say that in several given our military the can make expenditures for wartime needs
important respects, i*!kc~ P am-looking green sign to go on this further than we for both U.S. and allied forces in a quick
& . have before -
h
` an t
L re- not one who believes that the North Viet- are4integ rated w th lon another.d forces
offensives
cent r namese will abandon their effort. We can
First, -# elm ring of the North Vfet- It fs simply impractical in the heat of
nam
nhand the renewed bombing of give the South Vietnamese tanks, planes, battle to operate an accounting system
om harbors
icans and newer f and guns, but we cannot give them heart; which keeps track of whether a specific
commuitly slowing down tdelivery and it becomes increasingly clear that round of ammunition is going to be used targets is of tntlyi fuel, ammunition, down the
and delivery only the use of massive U.S. airpower by American or South Vietanamese
of the h 171t al saved the Saigon Government. forces. Not only the South Vietnamese
Second, e es the the south. fuel,
bombing is, by all accounts, What worries me is the consistent sup- Army, but also the South Vietnamese
more accurate and bombing is, by all accounts, port of this Thieu Government by this Navy and Air Force are supplied with than Th me.
m re impresses effec It seems to me-- administration; I, for one, do not believe American equipment. In peacetime, when
and I have not had the weekly special that this war, which is costing us billions U.S. forces are no longer fighting in that
briefing aye n this; I missed the one today-- of dollars and, what is more Important, part of the world, it will be clear that re-
but news accounts and what I pock lap thousands of American lives as well as placements of equipment and ammuni-
bute ewws ac o s and what pick the lives of hundreds of "thousands of tion needed by the South Vietnamese and
here is more accurate and effective, civilians over there-including women Laotian Armies will be entirely separate
and bombing s more vital ndeffe, and and children in South Vietnam as well as from expenditures for U.S. forces. Thus
that is etc lodes, m to v
ital Vietnam-is important to the secu- I hope, and intend, that in the future the
me.
Finally and most importantly, the rity of the United States. responsibility for military aid to these
North Vietnamese offensive, which was so I know the able chairman said, in the two nations can be returned to a normal
devastating in its early phases, appears beginning, that he did not want to get peacetime basis and the jurisdiction for
to have been greatly slowed, if not stalled, into this war and I would hope he would that aid can be returned to the Foreign
by the stiffening South Vietnamese, who agree with me-especially as the terrible Relations Committee. But it would be
have been greatly helped by our air sup- pictures of civilian casualties continue to putting the cart before the horse to seek
port, of course. come out as a matter of public record to return the funding for this aid to a
I have sometimes discounted the abil- that the sooner we can get out of there, peacetime basis before the conditions
ity of i;he South Vietnamese to hold the better for all concerned. which would permit such a return as-
under the vigorous determination of Mr. STENNIS. I appreciate the Sena- tually exist.
these seasoned soldiers from the north, tor's remarks very much. He is very well I should point out that there is nothing
but I have been very much pleased with versed in this subject. As he has said, he new or different about this method of
the way the South Vietnamese have stif- knows that my attitude is-that we are funding. As I have mentioned above, it
fened and have responded. I know they already in, and we have to do the best we was used during the Korean war for
are greatly helped by our advisers, and can. I do not want us to have to tuck tail funding of American and Allied forces
I give the greatest credit to those ad- and be forced out. We would have to live in that conflict. In 1966 and 1967 this
visers. I think this, even though not with that.for a century. method of funding--called military as-
enough has happened yet to bring about Mr. President, I have sent to the desk sistance service funded---was begun for
any final decision. an amendment which would delete that South Vietnam and Laos because of the
Of course, the North Vietnamese al- provision in the foreign assistance bill hostilities in these countries. Last year
ways have the option of retreat, of going which would transfer the authority for the Foreign Relations Committee in-
back into the bushes, going back to funding military aid for South Vietnam eluded in the bill as reported a provision
guerrilla warfare, and recouping, re- and Laos into the regular military aid which would have returned responsibility
vitalizing, resupplying, and coming back program under the Jurisdiction of the for funding for South Vietnam, Laos, and
to fight another day. Foreign Relations Committee. I invite Thailand to the normal peacetime miii-
I really think that this evidence that the attention of the Senate to the let- tars assistance program,
we find now is encouraging. Just as an ter which is on each Senator's desk, since It was agreed at that time that the
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 pJJ1 6Jia P7 A 8000600080026-6
June 13, 1972, Approved Foft 2DW
mssio-
militar asst ante program for gi-
would returnee the military
assistance program under the jurisdic-
tion of the Foreign Relations Committee
bUl that he time w ro-
priaie for he change in the funding au-
thority for South Vietnam and os. I
believe that, and I still ee ihat when
the conditions permitting a normal and
peacetime military assistance program-
such as that which we now have for
Korea-exist.in South Vietnam, it will
be appropriate for us to return to the
normal peacetime system of handling the
military assistance program. But these
conditions do not yet exist and we do not
yet know when they will come about.
We all hope it will be soon. But hone of
us can be sure. The request for military
assistance for the free world forces in
Southeast Asia will have to be increased
for the current fiscal year from $2.5
to $2.7 billion we have been told by
the Department of Defense. This is a re-
sult of the 'North Vietnamese offensive
which has required the expenditure of
large amounts of ammunition by the
South Vietnamese, the replacement of
equipment destroyed during the fighting,
and so forth.
We all hope that these expenditures
will be predictable and that there will be
no unpleasant surprises during the
months ahead. But we cannot be ab-
solutely certain, and we should not write
it into hard law that in exactly 12 months
and 17 days from this moment the war
and the need for wartime funding meth-
ods will be over. We must see what comes
and we must match the funding methods
to the needs of Southeast Asia, not the
other way around.
I urge Senators to vote to adopt the
amendment.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent to have printed in the RECORD the
text of the letter I have sent to each
Senator.
There being no objection, the letter
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
U.S. SENATE,
Washington, D.C., June 13, 1972.
DEAR COLLEAGUE: The amendment which I
have proposed to the Foreign Assistance Act
for FY 1973, on which we will vote today,
deletes a provision in the bill which would
transfer all funding for military assistance
in South Vietnam and Laos into the annual
military assistance program, under the juris-
diction of the Foreign Relations Committee.
As you are no doubt aware, military as-
sistance for these two countries is now
handled differently-it is authorized in the
annual' Department of Defense Procurement
Authorization Bill, which comes under the
jurisdiction of the Armed Services Commit-
tee. There is a good reason for this. Since
nam and Laos, it is simply impractical for
military assistance to be funded under the
normal peacetime procedures of the military
assistance, program. This was recognized back
in 1966 when the authorization aid to these
two countries was transferred to the military
authorization 'bill, at the request of the De-
partment of Defense. This is the only way it
is practical-to fund military assistance for
countries which are involved in continuing
hostilities which directly or indirectly involve
American forces. The funding for our allies
was handled this way during the Korean War.
I do not, by any means, believe that the
funding authorization for military aid to
South Vietnamb and Laos should be perpetu-
ally kept in this status any more than aid to
Korea was kept there. I am willing that, in the
future, jurisdiction over the military aid to
these two countries should be returned to the
Committee on Foreign Relations. I made this
point last year at the time we agreed to re-
turn jurisdiction over military assistance to
Thailand to the Foreign Relations Commit-
tee.
The Committee on Armed Services thus
does not seek or intend for the current fund-
ing procedures to become a permanent fix-
ture. But as long as the war is being fought
in South Vietnam and Laos, the funding re-
quirements for this type of assistance are so
different from the requirements or ordinary
peacetime military assistance that the aid
to these two countries must be in a different
category.
sistance Act contends tha ruin this
fun i e regular military aid program
will "symbolize" the return of the resonsi-
billty war in Vietnam to t1 y1Qt-
namese. 1 am afraid that it would do some-
thing ax more damaging than that. By un-
necessarily complicating the funding of our
assistance to South Vietnam and Laos, such
a shift in fundinE could seriously endanger
the effectiveness of that return of responsi-
bilit to the Vietnamese.
rge you to vote in favor of the amend-
ment.
Sincerely,
Mr. STENNIS, Mr. President, I am
willing to have a voice vote on the amend-
ment.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I yield
back my time.
Mr. STENNIS. I yield back the re-
mainder of my time. .
The PRESIDING OFFICER. There is
a unanimous consent agreement to vote
on the amendment at 2:45 p.m.
Mr. SPARKMAN, Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order be
vacated.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Chair hears none, and it
is so ordered.
Mr. SPARKMAN. And that we proceed
to vote at this time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
The question is on agreeing to the
amendment of the Senator from Mis-
sissippi.
The
Mr. a ndmnwas agreed to.
em en t, move
to reconsider the vote by which the
amendment was agreed to.
. Mr. SPARKMAN. I move to lay that
motion on the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
S9283
Is the amendment at the desk?
Mr. SAXBE. The amendment is at the
desk.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment of the Senator from Ohio
will be stated.
The assistant legislative clerk read the
amendment, as follows:
On page 10, line 16, strike out "$150,000,-
000" and insert in lieu thereof "$150,000,000
exclusive of excess defense articles ordered
for grant to the Republic of Vietnam".
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, I send to
the desk a modification of the amend-
ment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mod-
ification will be stated.
The assistant legislative clerk read the
modification, as follows:
On page 10, line 12, immediately after "SEC.
11." insert "(a) "; in line '17, before the title
"HOSTILITIES IN INDOCHINA", insert the fol-
lowing:
(b) section 8(e) of said act is amended by
striking out the words 'prior to July 1, 1972'."
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Chair inquires of the Senator from Ohio
whether it is his intent to vacate the
part of the agreement that related to a
limitation on time as well as bringing
up the amendment at another time.
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, I believe
that we can dispose of this amendment
in a very short time, and I therefore ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the time reservation also be vacated.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Chair hears none, and
it is so ordered.
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, this is a
very short amendment and has to do
with limitations on the excess military
equipment. The amount is reduced from
$185 million to $150 million. This is
agreeable, although it is a 13-percent
cutback. However, the modification that
it would apply to all the countries, in-
cluding South Vietnam, would deprive
the other countries of the material that
the President thinks is necessary for
them to maintain their individual de-
fense in the troubled world today.
Therefore, I submit that this very short
amendment, which would knock out the
date prior to July 1, 1972, would accom-
plish what I believe is the intention of
the Senate.
My amendment to the Foreign Assist-
ance Act would eliminate the provision
of excess defense articles to Vietnam
from the $150 million ceiling on the pro-
vision of "no cost" excess defense articles
to allied and friendly governments. Last
ision of these "no cost" excess defense
rticles excluded the provision of these
DMENT No. I220 articles to South Vietnam. As presently
ft
ti
11
f th
F
i
A
i
t
d
d
ra
, sec
on
o
ore
gn
-
e
e
ss
s
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, I ask unan-
imous consent that the previous order, to ante Act includes Vietnam and reduces
call up my amendment to S. 3390 at a the ceiling to $150 million-$35 million
later time this afternoon be vacated. below last year's figure.
S
M P 'd t th f
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Chair hears none, and it
is so ordered.
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President; I ask unan-
imous consent that such amendment be
called up at this time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without.
objection, it is so ordered.
r. rest en , e U SUV
SlOn o --
defense articles to South Vietnam is a
key element in our Vietnamization pro-
gram. With this equipment the Vietnam-
ese will be able to continue to make
progress in beating back the North Viet-
namese invasion and assuming more and
more of the responsibility for their own
defense.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 9284
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 18, 1972
The administration asked for a $245
million ceiling on "no charge" excess de-
fense articles and within this ceiling had
tentativ,-Iy allocated $32.2 million for
Vietnam. If the ceiling proposed by the
Foreign Relations Committee is amended
to exclude South Vietnam, the total
amount available for other nations un-
der this program will have been reduced
by $62.8 million or over 13 percent when
compared to the amount authorized in
fiscal year 1972. This alone is a severe
cut but one which the administration is
prepared to live with if South Vietnam
is excluc.ed from this ceiling.
We must understand that the equip-
ment is actually excess to the needs of
our own Armed Forces. I have heard it
said that the Department of Defense
simply declares excess any equipment it
wishes tY give away to foreign countries.
This is not true. Equipment is deter-
mined 0 be excess after careful calcu-
lations .how that it no longer is needed
for our own mobilization requirements
and retention in stock would be uneco-
nomical.
We s.aould realize that this excess
equipment was bought and paid for-
usually many years ago-through the
Defense budget. It has served the pur-
pose for which purchased. For the most
part, it ;is obsolescent or uneconomically
repairable by U.S. standards. But to for-
eign countries that do not need the most
sophisticated and latest models, and
where materials are relatively scarce but
labor is relatively plentiful and inex-
pensive, these are very useful items. If
not usec. to meet bona fide military as-
sistance requirements, it generally must
be disposed of as scrap and valuable de-
fense assets are wasted.
I am not prepared to say that, if we
waste tl.is equipment, the United States
will have to purchase it at some later
time for our foreign friends. But I do
say that someone will have to buy it,
and I suspect that the United States in
one way or another will wind up footing
a considerable part of that bill.
I also have heard it said that excess
equipment is given to foreign countries
simply because it is available-that there
is no real requirement for it. This too is
not true. It is given away only when
available items match a preestablished
requirement that has been validated by
U.S. offtoials under a very rigid set of
criteria. I think it significant to add
here that only about 5 percent of the
available excess is used for military as-
sistance. The rest does not match a vali-
dated requirement or else is material that
is not supplied under the program.
The gurpose of my amendment is to
give the Department of Defense reason-
able leeway to make good use of excess
equipment but, at the same time, prevent
an unconstrained issue of this material
to foreign countries. The Foreign Rela-
tions Committee insists upon exercising
constraint and control in authorizing
continuance of this program; I consider
this to t e entirely proper. But I am con-
vinced that, at the figure proposed in the
committee recommendation, it is overly
constrained to a point that would be un-
necessarily damaging to our own inter-
ests as well as those of our foreign
friends.
If limited to $150 million, including
equipment that might be needed by
South Vietnam a little more than $100
million will be available for other coun-
tries. I firmly believe that this is not
enough and therefore am proposing that
excess material given to South Vietnam
not be counted under the authorization.
This would eliminate any constraint on
provision of excess material, in support of
the Vietnamization process and provide
enough to meet the most pressing needs
of other countries.
In concluding these remarks, I would
like to underscore one final point. What
I am proposing will cost the U.S. tax-
payer nothing. To the contrary, it will
inevitably save him money now or at
some time in the future.
I support this amendment to eliminate
South Vietnam from section 11 of the
Foreign Assistance Act. Vietnam was not
included under the ceiling on "no
charge" excess defense articles last year
because it was believed that Vietnam
could not be looked upon as just another
military aid recipient. Normal considera-
tions simply do not apply in a shooting
war.
This is as true this year as it was last
year. The timely provision of excess de-
fense articles to South Vietnam helps ac-
celerate the pace of Vietnamization and
the speed with which we can withdraw
our troops there. So, while I can under-
stand the desire of the Foreign Relations
Committee to reduce the outward flow
of arms to nations which are not involved
in hostilities, I do not believe the same
considerations apply in Vietnam. We
should give the administration the legis-
lative support which it needs to complete
the Vietnamization program.
I hope very much that the distin-
guished manager of the bill will accept
this amendment without forcing a vote
on it.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I
have discussed this matter with the Sen-
ator from Ohio. I think his amendment
is entirely reasonable. Therefore, for
myself, I am willing to accept the amend
ment.
Mr. SAXBE. I thank the Senator from
Alabama.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the amend-
ment, as modified, of the Senator from
Ohio. ,
The amendment, as modified, was
agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
is open to further amendment.
QUORUM CALL
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call the roll.
The second assistant legislative clerk
proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
EAGLETON).Without objection, it is so
ordered.
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
Messages in writing from the Pres-
ident of the United States were com-
municated to the Senate by Mr. Geis-
ler, one of his secretaries.
EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED
As in executive session, the Presiding
Officer (Mr. EAGLETON) laid before the
Senate messages from the President of
the United States submitting sundry
nominations, which were referred to the
appropriate committees.
(The nominations received today are
printed at the end of Senate proceed-
ings.)
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF
1972
The Senate continued with the con-
sideration of the bill (S. 3390) to amend
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and
for other purposes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
is open to further amendment.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I ask
for a vote on the tax be amended at
this time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment of the Senator from Ohio, as
modified, has been agreed to.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Has it been agreed
to on the RECORD?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Oh-well, I was not
aware of that.
I move to reconsider the vote by
which the amendment, as modified, was
agreed to.
Mr. SAXBE. Mr. President, I move to
lay that motion on the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to.
QUORUM CALL
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President. I
make the point of no quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call the roll.
The second assistant legislative clerk
proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE
A message from the House of Repre-
sentatives, by Mr. Hackney, one of its
reading clerks, announced that the House
had passed the bill (S. 3166) to amend
the Small Business Act, with an amend-
ment, in which it requeted the concur-
rence of the Senate.
The message also announced that the
House had passed a bill (H.R. 12846) to
amend title 10, United States Code, to
authorize a treatment and rehabilita-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 TUi~l 'C)~ ase 2001/11/16 : CF1 8740 WO~tlS0008#0A
?
THE WASI
Senate Bars Asia .Arms Aid
From News Dispatches
The Senate voted yesterday to
uphold recommendations by its
Foreign Relations Committee
to cut off military aid to Paki-
stan, India, Bangladesh and
other South Asian nations,
The Senate voted 44 to 41
for the cutoff provision, writ-
ten by the committe as a re-
action against the 1971 India-
Pakistan war.
The provision would also af-
fect Nepal, Ceylon, the Maldive
Islands and Bhutan.
The measure was modified
on the Senate floor to allow
training assistance to the South
Asian nations and permit com-
mercial sales. But it would
prohibit direct military-grant
aid or American financing of
arms sales.
The measure drafted by Sen.
Frank Church (D-Idaho), must
still survive a joint Senate-
H o u s e conference committee
that will work out a final ver-
sion of the aid bill.
Sen. Church, a senior mem-
ber of the Foreign Relations
Committee, told the Senate his
provision was designed to en-
sure that "the U.S. not blunder
again ....as was witnessed in
the 1955 war between India
and Pakistan and in the Pak-
istan-Bangladesh-India w a r s
in 1971."
The Senate rejected the1
Foreign Relations Committee's ~
recommendations and voted to
provide the full $100 million
for economic aid to Bangladesh
that the administration re-
quested.
_ In another action the Sen-.
~t struck down a provision of
the foreign sic i s r ing
i ouh
r~L?1-1 Laos from t e
defens budget the -gn
it n ~ t ear.
Chairman John Stennis (D
Miss.) of the Senate Armed
Services Committee said that
as long as the Vietnamese
war continues the military aid
should be considered by his
committee along with funding
for the U.S. armed forces
Stennis told the Senate he
has no prophecies about the
outcome of the war but
"things are looking some bet-
ter" for the South Vietnamese
side.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 20, 1972
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SENATE
subcommittee in the 93d Congress. WATER has been an active supporter of
Therefore, it is to be hoped that any this legislation for some time and his
discussions among the parties will pro- advocacy of expanded widow's bene-
ceed expeditiously so that the outcome fits is widely known. Certainly, as a mem-
of these deliberations may be known in ber of the Armed Services Committee,
sufficient time to be considered in the he is a key to the success of this bill and
draft being prepared by the subcommit- those of us who hope that legislation
_.,,, ,.,, ??,,,,+ea +hic anr n.re deliehted
tee
By Mr. McCLELLAN (for him- sor. I am, of course, pleased that the
self, Mr. BURDICK, Mr. JAVITS, chairman of the Armed Services Commit-
Mr. PACKWOOD,.Mr. SCHWEIKER, tee has announced that hearings will
Mr. SCOTT, and Mr. TOWER) : be held on this.important measure this
thorize and reques\ the President to
proclaim February 11 each year as "Na-
tional Inventors Day.",,Referred to the
Mr. McCLELLAN. Mrti resident, as
chairman of the Subcomm ee on Pat
ents, Trademarks, and Copyr ts, I in-
troduce, for appropriate refere e, for
myself, and the Senator from Nort -.pa-
kota (Mr. BURDICK), the Senator frOill
New York (Mr. JAVITS), the Senator from=
Oregon (Mr. PACKWOOD), the Senator
from Pennsylvania (Mr. SCHWEIKER),
the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr.
SCOTT), and the Senator from Texas
(Mr. TOWER), a joint resolution to desig-
nate February 11 of each year as "Na-
tional Inventors Day."
At a time when this country is quite
properly concerned with improving its
competitive position in international
trade and encouraging needed innova-
tion in important areas of public activ-
ity, it is appropriate for the Congress and
the Nation to recognize the crucial role
of inventors in contributing to the health,
welfare, and pursuit of happiness. of our
citizens.
The observance of February 11 as "Na-
tional Inventors Day" is particularly ap-
propriate, for it is the anniversary of the
birth in 1847 of Thomas A. Edison, our
most prolific and famous inventor. Mr.
Edison received his first patent in 1868
for an electrical recorder and obtained
1,033 patents during his life.
The President in the message on sci-
ence and technology that was transmit-
. -___ . 16 of this
year announces ILLb dILIMILUIVII VV - (Mr. , PASTORE), the Senator from West
tuts a new program m of awarding research " S ATE RESOLUTION 322-SUBMIS-
and development prizes for outstanding irginia (Mr. RANDOLPH), the Senator S N OF A RESOLUTION REFER-
achievements by individuals and institu- rom Montana (Mr. MANSFIELD), the Sen- RI G A BILL FOR THE RELIEF OF
tions Which foster useful innovation. I ator from Rhode Island (Mr. PELL), the TH AS RAYMOND POMASKI TO
. . ... 1 Sen..t r from New Jersey (Mr_ WTT.- THE nTTRT OF CT,ATMS
LIAMDJ, and the Senato from --------
(Mr. NELSON) were added as cosponsors
e- Prevention, Treatment, and Rehabilita-
a Lion Act and other related Acts to con-
centrate the resources of the Nation
against the problem of alcohol abuse and
ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS OF LS At the request of Mr. WILLIAMS, the of the United States
AND JOINT RESOLUTION Senator from West Virginia (Mr. RAN- the chief commission
the same in accordance witll,the provisions of
6. 325 DOLPH) was added as a Cosponsor of S. sections 1492 and 2509 of tle 28, United
Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, I am pleased 3659, a bill to establish a commission to States Code, and report there to the Sen-
to announce that the distinguished Sen- develop a plan leading to the conquest ate, at the earliest practicable'date, giving
ator from Arizona (Mr. GOLDWATER) has of multiple sclerosis. such findings of fact and conclusiols thereon
"officially" agreed to cosponsor 8. 325, s. 3670 as shall be sufficient to inform the Congress
of the nature and character of the demand
which would establish a survivor an- Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, on June 5, as a claim, legal or equitable, against the
nuity program for widows of military 1972, I introduced S. 3670, which would United States or a gratuity and the amount,
personnel. amend the Washington Area Transit Au- if any, legally or equitably due from the
I say "officially" because Senator GOLD- thority Compact to require the inclusion United States to the claimant.
technological challenges confronting t
Nation. I suggest that it would be in
appropriate for these awards to be p
At the request of Mr. WILLIAMS, the
Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr.
SCHWEIKER) was added as a cosponsor
of S. 3598, the Retirement Income Secu-
rity for Employees Act of 1972.
S. 3614
At the request of Mr. WILLIAMS,
Senator from Minnesota (Mr. --
PHREY), the Senator from Wyomin
04r. TUNNEY), the Senator fr
Iowa M4. HUGHES), the
Alaska (MT,. STEVENS), the,
fro
Utah
meals prepared and served by c
institutihns.
jl S. 3644
of rail commuter service in the mass
transit plan.
I am pleased that Senators HARRY F.
BYRD, JR., WILLIAM B. SPONG, JR., and
LOWELL WEICKER have joined in sponsor-
ship of this measure and I ask unani-
mous consent that their names be added
at the next printing of the bill.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
so ordered.
TAFT), the Senator from South Caro-
lina (Mr. THURMOND), the Senator from
New Jersey (Mr. WILLIAMS), and the Sen-
ator from Kentucky (Mr. CooK) were
added as cosponsors of Senate Joint Res-
olution 228, to pay tribute to law en-
forcement officers of this country on Law
Day, May 1, 1973.
SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION 244
At the request of Mr. RIBICOFF, the
Senator from West Virginia (Mr. RAN-
DOLPH), the Senator from Alaska (Mr.
STEVENS), the Senator from Pennsyl-
vania (Mr. SCOTT), the Senator from New
Jersey (Mr. CASE), the Senator from Il-
linois (Mr. STEVENSON), the Senator from
Ohio (Mr. TAFT), the Senator from Utah.
(Mr. Moss), the Senator from South
Carolina (Mr. THURMOND), and the Sen-
ator from Rhode Island (Mr. PELL) were
added as cosponsors of Senate Joint Res-
olution 244, calling for new efforts to pro-
tect international travelers from acts of
violence and aerial piracy.
SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION 245
At the request of Mr. RANDOLPH, the
Senator from Colorado (Mr. ALLOTT)
and the Senator from Utah (Mr. Moss)
were added as cosponsors of Senate Joint
Resolution 245, to designate the calendar
month of September 1972 as "National
Voter Registration Month."
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
59773
Resolved, That a bill (S. 3728) entitled
"A bill for the re f of Thomas Raymond
Pomaski", now pen ng in the Senate, to-
 S 9774
FOOD, DRUG, AND CONSUMER
PRODUCT SAFETY ACT OF 1972-
AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 1256
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
Mr. ALLEN submitted an amendment
intender. to be proposed by him to the
bill (S. 3419) to protect consumers
against unreasonable risk of injury from
hazardous products, and for other
purposes.
AMENDMENT NO. 1258
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
Mr. MOSS submitted an amendment
intended to be proposed by him to the
bill (S. 3419), supra.
AMENDMENT NO. 1259
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
Mr. PERCY, for himself and Mr.
MAGNUSON, submitted an amendment in-
tended to be proposed by them jointly
to the bill (S. 3419), supra.
AMENDMENTS NOES, 1260 AND 1261
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on the
table.)
Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, I am
today introducing two amendments to
S. 3419, the Food, Drug, and Consumer
Product Safety Act. The purpose of these
two amendments is to provide for emer-
gency protection of the public from any
possible exposure to imminently hazard-
dous products, while retaining the most
efficient and reasonable enforcement
procedures for laws and regulations ad-
ministered under the supervision of the
Food, Drug, and Consumer Product
Agency.
The first of these two amendments,
amendment No. 1260, the emergency
protection amendment, would provide
the Administrator of the Food. Drug,
and Consumer Product Agency with clear
authority to petition a court to stop im-
mediately activities which, in the Admin-
istrator's opinion, could result in the
public beng exposed to imminently haz-
ardous products. During the preliminary
injunction period, the Food, Drug, and
Consumer Product Agency would have
adequate time to take proper administra-
tive action in relation to these products
without their continued or impending
danger to the public.
The second amendment, amendment
No. 1261, the efficient administration
amendment, is a series of technical
changes, predicated on the passage of
the emergency protection amendment,
which would avoid unnecessarily assign-
ning to the Food, Drug, and Consumer
Product Agency enforcement powers du-
plicative of those now administered by
the Department of Justice.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R0006000800266C
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE June 20, i97;
Department of Justice. Having the direct
and immediate powers to assure first,
prevention of public availability of harm-
ful products, and second, adequate ac-
cess to and collection of information
upon which the Food, Drug, and Con-
sumer Product Agency can act in the
public's interest, there is no need to
modify further or interfere with tradi-
tional efficient law enforcement through
the Government's lawyer, the Depart-
ment of Justice.
Granting the Food, Drug, and Con-
sumer Product Agency enforcement pow-
ers duplicative of those of the Justice
Department beyond those proposed in
these amendments would be not only
contrary to the spirit of the Constitu-
tion, but would also be an extremely
dangerous precedent, leading to fri;c-
tionalization and hampering efficient and
coordinated enforcement activities with-
in the Justice Department. The substan-
tive enforcement power is not changed
by these amendments; only the dupli-
cation of enforcement responsibility be-
tween the Food, Drug, and Consumer
Protection Agency, and the Department
of Justice is eliminated.
Without these amendments, this legis-
lation can well lead to extremely expen-
sive and inefficient duplication of en-
forcement powers-it would not be un-
reasonable to expect a situation where-
in every Federal agency would maintain
separate battalions of enforcement at-
torneys, with district offices throughout
the Nation.
In addition to the need for avoiding I1-
efficient duplication of enfor=cement ac-
tivities, these amendments would work
to separate the powers of regulation pro-
mulgation from those of legal enforce-
ment. Maintaining this basic principle of
separation of powers within a democratic
government is extremely important as
rapidly growing and multiplying Federal
agencies tend more and more toward
bureaucratic independence of congres-
sional review.
I am confident that amendments simi-
lar to these, and very possibly several
others involving judicial processes, would
have been added by the Committee on
the Judiciary had this legislation been
considered by that committee. In light of
this. I ask my colleagues to individual:'ty
give careful consideration to the effects
of the Food, Drug, and Consumer Prod-
uct Act on Government enforcement pro-
cedures, and follow that consideration
with approval of these amendments.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous cor. -
sent that these amendments be printed
in the RECORD at the conclusion of my
remarks.
There being no objection, the amend-
ments were ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
district court of the Untied States having
venue thereof to enjoin any person from en-
gaging In the manufacture for sale, sale, of-
fering for sale or otherwise offering for pub-
11c consumption, In commerce, or the im-
portation into the United States of such an
imminently hazardous consumer product.
Upon a proper showing, and after notice to
the defendant, a preliminary injunction may
be granted without bond under the same
conditions and principles as injunctive re-
lief against conduct or threatened conduct
that will cause loss or dam: ge is granted by
courts of equity. Notwithstanding the ex-
istence of a consumer product safety stand-
ard applicable to such product, such an ac-
tion may be filed or the pendency of proceed-
ings initiated pursuant to section 303 of this
Act."
On page 65, line 21, strike out the words
or permanent".
On page 65, line 23, insert before the period
"prior to completion of administrative pro-
ceedings held pursuant to this Act"_
AMENDMENT NO. 1261
On page 2. line 13, strike out the word
"enforce" and insert in lieu thereof the
words "assure the enforcement of".
On page 2, line 15, strike out the first
comma and the words "prosecute court
actions".
On page 3, line 23, strike out "(17)" and
insert in ]feu thereof "(16)".
On page 12. beginning with line 22. strike
out through line 2 on page 13.
On page 13, line 3, strike out "(17)" and
insert in lieu thereof "(16)".
On page 13, line 12, strike out the word
"enforce" and insert in lieu thereof "assure
the enforcement of".
On page 13, line. 16, strike out -(18) " and
insert in lieu thereof "(17) ".
On page 13, line 20, strike out "(19)" and
insert in lieu thereof "(18)".
On page 29, line 12, strike out the words
"of the Agency" and insert in lieu thereof
the words "of this Act".
On page 73, beginning with the word
"upon" in line 3, strike Out through the
word "the" the first time it appears In line 5,
and
insert in lieu thereof the following:
_
"The".
On page 73, beginning with the word "on"
in line 16, strike out through the comma in
line 17.
AMENDMENT NO. 1263
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table).
Mr. COTTON submitted an amend-
ment intended to be proposed by him to
the bill (S. 3419), supra.
I FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF
1972-AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 1257
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
Mr. DOMINICK, for himself, Mr. BEN-
NETT, Mr. EASTLAND, Mr. STENNIS, Mr.
TOWER, and Mr.YOUNG, submitted an
amendment intended to be proposed by
them jointly to the bill (S. 3390) to
amend the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961, and for other purposes.
AMENDMENT NO, 1262
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
Mr. McGEE submitted an amendment
Intended to be proposed by him to the
bill ' S. 3390), supra.
AMENDMENT NO. 1264
(Ordered to be printed and to lie on
the table.)
The effect of both amendments would AMENDMENT No. 1260
be to give the Administrator of the Food, On page 65, beginning with line 2, strike
Drug, and Consumer Product Agency out through line 17 and insert in lieu thereof
the power directly to seek the extraordi- the following:
nary preliminary injunction remedy for "Sec. 311. (a) Whenever the Administrator
the protection of consumers, as well as has reason to believe that a consumer product
the power directly to seek enforcement presents an unreasonable risk of injury cr
of subpenas and the issuance of irispeC- death, necessitating immediate action to prc-
feet adequately the public health and safety
tion warrants, while providing for a more prior to the completion of administrative
efficient separation of powers by assign- proceedings held pursuant to this Act, he cr
ing normal enforcement activities to the the Attorney General may bring suit in a
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 June 20, 1972
pprove
For
a ease CIA-RECORD P74B00415R000600080026-6
=-SENATE S 9775
This is a modest su
the Senate to authorize.
which I urge THE DISTRICT OP COLIIA4-BIA
Washington, D.C., May 11, 1972.
THE PRESIDENT,
REFTGEE ASSISTANCE TO CAMBODIA
Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, on be-
half of myself and my distinguished col-
league on the Subcommittee on Refu-
gees, Senator MATHIAS, I am introduc-
ing today an amendment to the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 to provide $2 mil-
lion for humanitarian assistance to refu-
gees and war victims in Cambodia. This
amendment will simply earmark funds
authorized under the supporting assist-
ance program. I understand that a sim-
ilar amendment is being proposed in the
House by Congressman FRASER.
Nowhere has our sense of national
priorities overseas, and the traditional
humanitarian concern of the American
people, been more distorted than in our
aid program to Cambodia. Despite esti-
mates which put the number of Cambod-
ian refugees at more than 2 million in
just 2 years, and the number of civilian
war casualties in the thousands, our
Government has not only rejected ap-
peals for help, but the record suggests
that it is our policy not to become "in-
volved" with the problem of war victims
in Cambodia. Yet, at the same time, we
are willing to become "involved" in pro-
viding vast amounts of military hard-
ware and supporting assistance which
serves to fuel the war in Cambodia.
This policy of neglect was most evi-
dent during the, recent hearings of the
Subcommittee on Refugees. It was re-
vealed during the hearing that a request
from 'a Cambodian Government official
for medical supplies was simply bucked
back to Washington with no priority and
no support. Months passed with no de-
cision, and finally the request was sent
over to the American Red Cross which
responded by offering vitamin pills. This
is the level of concern our Government
now shows toward the humanitarian
needs of the war victims in Cambodia.
Mr. President, I believe that until this
tragic war comes to an end, our Nation
bears a heavy responsibility to help re-
pair the damage caused to the lives and
land of the civilians of Cambodia. This
amendment will provide the minimum
funds necessary to, help the war victims
of Cambodia, and carry cut our humani-
tarian responsibilities to them-through
the Cambodian Government, private
voluntary organizations, or international
agencies.
Class 1--------------------------= ---------------
Fire private, police private.
Class 2--------------------------------------------
Fire inspector.
Class 3------------------------------------------
Detective, assistant pilot, assistant marine engi-
near,,
Class 4-------------*--------------- -------------
Fire sergeant, police sergeant, detective sergeant.
Class 5 -------------------------------------------
Fire lieutenant, police lieutenant.
Class 6 -------------------------------------------
Marine engineer, pilot.
Class 7 -------------------------------------------
Fire captain, police captain.
Class 8-----------------------------------------
Battalion fire chief, police inspector.
Class 9------------------------------------------
Deputy fire chief, deputy chief of police.
Class 10----------- - ------- - -- - -----
Assistant chief of police, assistant fire chief, CO
executive protection service, CO U.S. Park
Police.
Class 11------------------------------------------
Fire chief, chief of police."
ADDITIONAL COSPONSOR OF AN
AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 838
At the request of Mr. PERCY, the Sen-
ator from Kansas (Mr. PEARSON) was
added as a cosponsor of amendment No.
838, intended to be offered to the bill
(H.R. 1) to amend the Social Security
Act to increase benefits and improve
eligibility and computation methods un-
der the OASDI program, to make im-
provements in the medicare, medicaid,
and maternal and child health programs
with emphasis on improvements in their
operating effectiveness, to replace the
existing Federal-State public assistance
programs with a Federal program of
adult assistance and a Federal program
of benefits to low-income families with
children with incentives and require-
ments for employment .and training to
improve the capacity for employment of
members of such families, and for other
purposes.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF HEARINGS BY
THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
COMMITTEE
Mr. EAGLETON. Mr. President, I
wish to announce hearings on Thursday,
June 22, 1972, at 9:30 a.m. in room 6226,
New Senate Office Building, on the Dis-
trict of Columbia Police and Firemen's
Salary Act Amendments by the Senate
District of Columbia Committee.
Because this bill is still pending in the
House and, therefore, the Senate District
Committee technically has no bill before
it, I ask unanimous consent that the
legislation proposed by the Commissioner
of the District of Columbia, along with
a letter of transmittal and explanatory
material be printed at this point in the
RECORD. This legislative proposal will be
the basis of these hearings.
Persons interested in testifying on
this matter should contact Mr. Gene E.
Godley, general counsel, in room 6222,
New Senate Office Building.
There being no objection, the material
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
POLICE AND FIRE SALARY SCHEDULE I
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT : The Commissioner
of the District of Columbia has the honor
to submit a draft bill "To amend the District
of Columbia Police and Firemen's Salary Act
of 1958 to increase salaries, and for other
purposes", which may be cited as the "Dis-
trict of Columbia Police and Firemen's
Salary Act Amendments of 1972".
The proposed bill would increase the sal-
aries of police and firemen in the District of
Columbia, make certain changes in their
retirement benefits, and increase certain
District of Columbia sales taxes to provide
most of the revenue needed for these pur-
poses.
For the reasons stated in the attached
"Statement of Purpose and Justification",
the Commissioner of the District of Colum-
bia urges early and favorable consideration
of this draft bill by the Congress. He believes
action on this legislation is imperative in
order to provide adequate compensation for
policemen and firemen in the District of
Columbia. Moreover, the bill would authorize
a sufficient increase in local tax revenues to
insure that the proposal is financially
sound.
On May 8, 1972, the Federal Pay Board,
pursuant to the Economic Stabilization Act
of 1970, indicated it had no objection to the
submission of the attached proposed legis-
lation.
Sincerely yours,
GRAHAM W. WATT,
Assistant to the Commissioner.
A bill to amend the District of Columbia
Police and Firemen's Salary Act of 1958
to increase salaries, and for other purposes
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress Assembled.
TITLE I-SALARY INCREASES FOR DIS-
TRICT OF COLUMBIA POLICEMEN AND
FIREMEN
SEC. 101. Section 101 of the District of
Columbia Police and Firemen's Salary Act
of 1958 (D.C. Code, sec. 4-823) is amended
to read as follows:
"SEC. 101. (a) Effective on the first day
of the first pay period beginning on or after
the date on enactment of this title, the
annual rate of basic compensation of the
officers and members of the Metropolitan
Police force and the Fire Department of the
District of Columbia shall be fixed in
accordance with the following schedule of
rates:
Step I Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
$9, 500 . $9, 785
10, 900 11, 520
11,875 12, 470
12, 890
14, 915
16, 230
17, 550
20, 535
24,060
28,500
$10, 260 $10, 735 $11, 495
12,140 12,760 13,380
13,065 13,660 14,255
13,520 14,150 14,780 / 15,410
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8 Step 9
$12, 255
$12, 730
$13, 205 $13,680
14,000
14,620
----__---_---_---------
14,850
15,445
----------------------------
16,040
------------------------------------------
15,660 16,405 17,150 17,895 ----------------------------------------------------
17,040 17,850 18,660 ------------------------ - --------------------------------------------
18,425 19,300 20,175 ------------------------------------------------------------------
21, 560 22, 585 23,610 -----------------------------------------------------------------
25,705 27,350 28,995 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
30,500 32,500 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP7,4B00415R000600080026-6
 S 977
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 20, 1972
"(b) Effective on the first day of the first pay period beginning on or after July 1, 1972, such salary schedule Is amended to read as
"Salary class and title
Step I Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
Class l------ _ ------------ ------ ------------- $10,000 $10,300 $10,800 $11,300
Fire priv ate, police private.
Class2--------- _-------------------------- _....___ 11,400 12,100 12,800 13,500
Fire inspector.
U ass._ ------ ---- - - - - - 12,500 13,125 13,750 14,375
Detective, assistant pilot, assistant marine eugi-
neer.
Class 4.--------------- -------- - -_ 13,580 14, 260
Fire sergr:ant,police sergeant, deteixive sergeant.
Class 5------- ----- ------------------------ --- 15,700 16,485
Fire lieutenant, police lieutenant.
Class 6._-------------------- -------------- ------- 17,150 18,005
Marine engineer, pilot.
Class7------------------------- ----------- - 18,600 19,530
Fire captain, police captain.
Class 8_---_----_______________---------- ._. 21,560 22,640
Battalion the chief, police inspector.
Class 9---- -------------------------------- 25,300 27,015
Deputy fire chief, deputy chief of police.
Class 10----- ------- --- ---_ 30, 000 32,000
A
ssistant chief of police, assistant fire chief, CO
executi ie protection service. CO U.S. Park
Police.
Class 11 ----- ?_-.
Fire chief, chief of police."
14,940
17,270
18, 860
20, 460
23,720
28, 730
34,000
Service
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
$12,100
$12,900
$13,400
513.900
14, 200
14,900
15,600
_.________ - ------
15,000
15,625
16, 250
15,620 16;300 16,980 -e_-..........
18,055 18,840
19,715 ---- ------- _
21,390 _------- --------- -
24,800 ------- ------
30,445 ___..
136,800 -----------
---------------
r The salary for employees at this rate is limited to the rate for level V of the executive schedule,
Sac. 102 (a) Subsection (a) of section 201
of the District of Columbia Police and Fire-
meen's Salary Act of 1958 (D.C. Code, sec.
4-824(a)) is amended to read as follows:
"(a) The rates of basic compensation of
officers and members in service on the effec-
tive date of the salary schedule in section
101(a) of this Act shall be adjusted as fol-
lows:
"(1) Ea?~h officer or member receiving basic
compensation immediately prior to such
effective date at one of the scheduled service
rates of subclass (a) or (b) of salary class 1
in the salary schedule in effect on the day
next preceding such effective date shall be
placed In and receive basic compensation in
salary schedule in effect on and after such
date, and each shall be placed at the respec-
tive service step in which he was serving
immediate-:i.y prior to such date. Each officer
or member receiving basic compensation im-
mediately prior to such date at one of the
scheduled longevity rates of subclass (a) or
(b) of salary class 1 in the salary schedule
in effect on the day next preceding such
effective date shall be placed in and receive
basic compensation in salary class 1 In the
salary schedule in effect on and after such
date, and each shall be placed in it service
step as follows:
Frorn-Class 1, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step A To-Class 1: Service step 7.
From.-Class 1, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step B To-Class 1: Service step B.
From--Class 1, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step C To-Class 1: Service step 9.
"(2) Each officer or member receiving basic,
compensation immediately prior to such ef-
fective date at one of the scheduled service
rates of subclass (a) or (b) of salary class
2 in the salary schedule in effect on the day
next preceding such effective date shall be
placed in and receive basic compensation in
salary clas?. 2 in the salary schedule in effect
on and after such date, and each shall be
placed at the respective service step in
which he was serving immediately prior to
such date. Each officer or member receiving
basic compensation immediately prior to such
date at one of the scheduled longevity rates
of subclass (a) or (b) of salary class 2 in
the salary schedule in effect on the day
next preceding such effective date shall be
placed in and receive basic compensation in
salary class 2 in the salary schedule in effect
ox, and after such date, and each shall be
placed In a service step as follows:
"From-Class 2, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step A To-Class 2: Service step 5.
"From-Class 2, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step B To-Class 2: Service step G.
"From-Class 2, subclass (a) or (b) : Lon-
gevity step C To-Class 2: Service step 7.
"(3) Each officer or member receiving basic
compensation immediately prior to such ef-
fective date at one of the scheduled service
rates of salary class 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 in the
salary schedule in effect on the next preced-
ing such effective date shall receive a rate
of basic compensation at the corresponding
scheduled service .step and salary class in
the salary schedule in effect on and after
such date. Each officer or member receiving
basic compensation immediately prior to
such date at one of the scheduled longevity
rates of salary class 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 in the
salary schedule in effect on the day next pre-
ceding such effective date shall receive ba-
sic compensation at the corresponding sal-
ary class In the salary schedule in effect on
and after such date, and each shall be placed
in a service step as follows:
From-Class 3: Longevity step A To-Class
3: Service step 5.
From-Class 3: Longevity step B To-Class
3: Service step 6.
From-Class 3: Longevity step C To-Class
3: Service step 7.
From-Class 5: Longevity steps A and B
'1'o-Class 5: Service step 5.
From-Class 6, 7, 8, or 9: Longevity steps
A and B To-Class 6, 7, 8, or 9: Service step 4.
"(4) Each officer or member receiving baste
compensation immediately prior to such ef-
fective date at one of the scheduled service
rates of subclass (a), (b). or (c) of salary
class 4 in the salary schedule in effect on the
day next preceding such effective date shrill
be placed in and receive basic compensation
in salary class 4 in the salary schedule in
effect on or after such date, and each shall
be placed at the respective service step in
which he was serving immediately prior to
such date. Each officer or member receiving
basic compensation Immediately prior to
such date at one of the scheduled longevity
rates of subclass (a), (b), or (c) of salary
class 4 in the salary schedule in effect on the
day next preceding such effective date shall
be placed in and receive basic compensation
in salary class 4 in the salary schedule in ef-
fect on and after such date, and each shall
be placed in a service step as follows:
From--Class 4, subclass (a), (b) or (c)
Longevity step A To-Class 4: Service step 5.
From-Class 4, subclass (a), (b) or (c) :
Longevity steps B and C To-Class 4: Service
step 6.
"(5) Each officer or member receiving basic
compensation immediately prior to such ef-
fective date at one of the scheduled service
rates of salary class 10 or 11 in the salary
schedule in effect on the day next preceding
such effective date shall receive a rate of basic
compensation at the corresponding scheduled
service step and salary class in the salary
schedule In effect on and after such date, ex-
cept that any such officer or member who
immediately prior to such date was serving
in service step 4 of salary class 10 or in serv-
ice step 3 of salary class 11 shall be placed in
and receive basic compensation in a service
step as follows:
From-Class 10: Service step 4 To--Class
10: Service step 3.
From-Class 11: Service step 3 To-Class
11: Service step 2."
(b) Subsection (b) of section 201 of such
Act (D.C. Code, sec. 4-824(b)) is amended
to read as follows:
"(b) Each officer or member receiving basic
compensation immediately prior to the ef-
fective date of the salary schedule in sec-
tion 101(b) of this Act at one of the sched-
uled service rates of a salary class in the
salary schedule in section 101(a) of this
Act shall receive a rate of basic compensation
at the corresponding scheduled service step
in effect on and after such dale"
SEC. 103. Section 202 of the District of Co-
lumbia Police and Firemen's Salary Act of
1958 (D.C. Code, section 4-825) is amended
to read as follows:
"S?:c. 202. Each officer or member of the
Metropolitan Police force, Executive Pro-
tective Service, and United States Park Po-
lice force assigned to perform the duty of a
helicopter pilot on or after the effective date
of the salary schedule in section 101(a) of
this Act shall receive in addition to his
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 June 23, 19 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE - S 10103
this bill will make important contribu- gram is the linchpin of the Nixon doc- Bible manner. This administration is re
tions to our national commitment to im- trine. It allows us to withdraw American ducing America's share of the cost of
prove the quality of life and of our citi- forces from around the world by en- common security programs. This admin-
zens and will help provide the basis on abling allied and friendly governments istration has demonstrated that it has
which American can remain strong to field armed forces which can bear an the capacity to devise new policies to
among the nations of the world. increasing share of the common defense meet changing world conditions. These
Third, the program authorized by S. burden. Now for the first time since the new policies are working in Southeast
3511 will permit the Foundation to pro- conclusion of World War II, we can look Asia and elsewhere. And this bill will, if
ceed with the development and im- to our allies to bear the primary burden adequately funded, give us the resources
plementation of a revitalized science for meeting nonnuclear threats to the we need to continue to make progress.
education improvement program. The common peace. The millions we authorize In the foreseeable future the hope for
science education activities of the Foun- for these grant military assistance pro- a better world will rest primarily as it
dation have undergone a major restruc- grams save billions for the American has in the recent past upon the faith that
turing in order to bring these activities taxpayer. It is conservatively estimated other nations, friend and foe alike, have
in line with the emerging needs of stu- that it costs $10,000 a year to keep an that this country will keep its word and
dents, instructors, institutions, and our American soldier overseas, but only $500 honor its commitments. .
society in general. I want to stress that a year to train and equip a foreign soldier The Nixon doctrine is moving the pri-
it is essential that the Foundation be to take his place. mary burden for meeting nonnuclear
provided the funding_rnecessary to de- Cuts of the magnitude proposed in the threats to the peace from us to others.
velop more diversity in the science edu- bill as it now stands would stall the equip- This policy is working in Southeast Asia
cation experience of students to broaden ment modernization program for Korea, and elsewhere. And this legislation, if
their range of career options and to hence making it more difficult to reduce adequately funded, will enable us to com-
better prepare science and nonscience our military presence there in future plete the job.
students for a productive life in our years. Mr. President, one of the most im-
highly industrialized and technologically These cuts would also reduce our efforts portant objectives of my amendment is
advanced society. The bill, as proposed, to assist Cambodia in meeting North to keep the Government's faith with the
will also help insure the Nation a flow of Vietnamese attacks. Cambodia's armed 'Republic of South Korea. As is well
the very best of the Nation's science and forces are tying down North Vietnamese, known, in order to reduce our forces
engineering student population into the Vietcong troops which would otherwise generally overseas, we have reduced the
stream of science and engineering ca- be available for service in Vietnam. sum of our presence in South Korea by a
reers. Cuts of this magnitude would have a very substntial withdrawal of personnel.
Finally, Mr. President, S. 3511 provides serious impact on Thailand as well, for But in doing so, we have given our own
the necessary authorization to permit the a substantial cutback in our program word as a government to the Republic
Foundation to extend those programs there would set back Thailand's counter- of South Korea that we will not allow
that increase the exchange and acces- insurgency efforts and could place in them to be penalized by this withdrawal
sibility of scientific knowledge on a na- jeopardy the essential facilities in Thai- to the extent of being unable to defend
tional and global basis, and that will land which are used by our forces operat- their own country, and they have said to
enhance capabilities for using computers Ing In less than 3%z years, over half a mil- us that while they need our forces, they
to perform advanced research, and to also understand our problem, and that if
make greater use of computers in the lion American military personnel have we will modernize their equipment and
education process. been withdrawn from the east Asia and give them the tools to protect their own
Taken together, Mr. President, the Pacific area alone. The cost to the Amer- country, it will to some degree compen-
programs authorized by S. 3511 repre- ican taxpayer of the Vietnam war has sate them for the lowered American
sent a strong commitment on the part of dropped from $29 billion in fiscal year presence in the area.
this Nation to the further development 1968 to $10 billion in fiscal year 1972. Mr. President, I have been at the ar-
of the Nation's scientific and technologi- Yet because of our grant military assist- mistic line at Panmunjom. I have seen
cal capabilities. ance programs, the MASF funded de- the Korean forces. I have reviewed their
The amendment was agreed to. fense appropriation, and the security crack regiments myself. I have seen their
The bill was ordered to be engrossed supporting assistance program, others men and their officers and their equip-
for a third reading, read the third time, have been able to fill in behind us. ment, and their air forces.
and passed. Second. On the security supporting These are among the bravest people
d t t e ld Buffeted as they have been
es ors
th
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1972
The Senate continued with the con-
sideration of the bill (S. 3390) to amend
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and
for other purposes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Pennsylvania is recognized.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I yield
myself such time as I may require.
This amendment raises the authoriza-
tion for grant military assistance to $725
million and the authorization for secu-
rity supporting assistance to $770 million,
of which $70 million is specifically ear-
marked for. Israel.
First. The amendment restores $125
million to the authorization for grant
military assistance which was cut by the
Foreign Relations Committee. This figure
is still a reduction of over $55 million
from the administration's original re-
quest of $780 million; but it will, if ap-
proved, provide a military assistance
program which will give us an interna-
tional environment in which our security
interests will be protected.-
As the Members of the Senate are well
aware, the grant military assistance pro-
e wor .
assistance side, my amen men r
in
$120 million which the Foreign Relations over the centuries by their neighbors,
Committee cut from the administration's occupied for long periods of time by
request. This is still a reduction of $74 China and by Japan, brought into a
million from the administration's orig- condition of dependency for generation
inal request of $884 million. This amend- after generation, these people who early
ment, if adopted, would give us a con- maintained an independent and magnif-
tinuing viable program. A program which icent culture of their own, from the
would give us the resources to provide time of the Silla Dynasty and before, on
the economic support which allied and through the Koryo Dynasty, and down
friendly governments in Southeast Asia to the Yi Dynasty. These people who
need to allow them to carry on with the have maintained their national strength,
primary burden of their own defense as whose culture and economic achieve-
our involvement in Vietnam winds down. ments have been a source of pride to
Funding at this level would also assure civilization-those who value civiliza-
continued stability in the Mideast tion-saw their future very much bright-
by assuring the economic viability of ened after World War II when their
Israel and Jordan. I have specifically independence was restored to them and
earmarked $70 million of supporting as- they again became the Republic of
sistance for Israel-$20 million more Korea.
than under present law-to assure that Then, one more time they were di-
that Nation and her people will not lack vided, this time by internal conflict, into
resources during this continued twilight two nations, a long and bloody conflict,
period of no war and no peace in the in which the United States participated,
area. which I had the opportunity to see briefly
Mr. President, my amendment will in uniform, on the ground, and in the air.
restore these programs to respectable I talked to General Hodge before we
levels,-and in my view this restoration is withdrew the American presence there
justified. The administration is winding once before in Korea, in Seoul; and he
down the war In Vietnam in a respon- said to me:
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 10104 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE June 23, 1972
If we withdraw these forces, it will only the money. it is realistic. It is a reduc- Vietnamese offensive caused an addi-
mean war. on from the amount which the adminis- tional 800,000 refugees in Vietnam and
A couple of years later, that is exactly tration asked, as I recited earlier. But an uncounted number of civilian war
what happened, in 1950. I think I talked it does restore it to a more viable level casualties. It Is my impression that most
to him in 1947 or 1949. Our complete which would enable us at least to keep Members of the Congress agree that sup-
withdrawal of the American presence our commitments. port for this
did not contribute to peace. It actually I hope, therefore, that the amendment in all cases anpurpose en relatively adequate
generous
encouraged the hostile forces of the will be adopted. The grant military co generous.
north to move in. It encouraged subver- Mr. DOLE. Mr. President, I rise in sup- the linchpin of the Nixon od trine,
nIs
sion in both north and south. port of the amendment of the distin- provides allied governments
As a result, the Independence of Korea guished Republican leader which would withidas pamid and ft the friendly equipment and
was threatened and the country ulti- restore a measure of the cuts in military training necessary to e ab en t em to
mately was divided. The United States and supporting assistance proposed by bear primary responsibility for their
was forced into a war which could have the Senate Foreign Relations Committee own defense.
been avoided had we not, in the late and earmark an additional $20 million A 23-percent cut in grant military
1940's, hastily withdrawn all our troops, in supporting assistance for Israel. Total assistance in fiscal year 1973, coming on
under our cry of, "Let's not be involved supporting assistance for Israel would top of a 28-percent cut in fiscal year
any more." So we decided not to be in- then amount to $70 million. 1972, would threaten the stability of
volved., and we became involved in one Although it would be a disservice i;o the Cambodia and Thailand; weaken the
of the most costly conflicts in our history. cause of world peace to exaggerate or contribution Turkey can make to sta-
That :.s the lesson of Korea. otherwise create undue optimism con- bility in the Middle East and the strength
I think we owe it to our own security cerning recent international develop- of the Mediterranean flank of NATO;
and survival, and to theirs, and we owe it mens--developments largely resulting set back our program to modernize
to our own sense of justice-we owe it to from U.S. initiatives-I think it is a fact Korea's armed forces: and weaken our
ourselves as a nation which has given that there exists in this country and in relationships with a number of nations
its word to aid these people-to help this body increased hope that after a who permit us to station U.S. forces on
them ,modernize their forces, if we are quarter of a century the enmity of the their territory. With these reductions in
again in the process of withdrawal from cold war may be disintegrating. And one effect, meaningful programs for such
the territory of a friendly nation. So i would also hope that developments on countries as China, Indonesia, the Phil-
hope this amendment will be adopted, the world scene will have an impact on ippines, Greece, and Ethiopia could not
I think the business of second-guessing the conflict in Vietnam. But if there are be completed, and important U.S. policy
your government on matters of this kind significant movements toward peace to- objectives in these countries would be
is highly risky. Where a government has day, it is because we and our allies have imperiled.
been elected by the people, where it is the strength which encourages those who This program cannot: be viewed in iso-
carrying out the foreign policy of the have different views to seek to resolve our lation from other expenditures for na-
nation where it makes commitments and differences through peaceful means. tional security. It is considerably less
pledge:; its word to governments, the Nonetheless it is vitally important to costly to train and equip an allied soldier
Senate of the United States ought not remember that we will only be able to than to station an American soldier C er-
come in and say, "Well, we think we can capitalize on such opportunities for seas. Thus these prop-rams provide a
do better. We are better foreign policy peace if we and our allies can continue great advantage to wise allocation of de-
experts. than you are. Never mind what to negotiate from positions of strength. fense funds and to effective distribution
you said in South Korea. We just won't For more than 10 days, now, the Senate of the Nation's resources. As a direct re-
give them the money." has been considering legislation which is sult of this program and the Vietnamiza-
Not only would that damage us in crucial to the Nixon doctrine, which en- tion program, we have been able to with-
South Korea; it would damage our credi- courages our allies to assume greater re- draw over half a million. American per-
bility wherever else in the world the word sponsibilities for their own defense, and sonnel from East Asia and the Pacific
of the United States is pledged and is to the maintenance of our allies' self- thus saving both lives and dollars.
felt to ae as good as its bond. So I hope defense capabilities at sufficient strength While the bill before us is an amend-
that the Senate will adopt this amend- to encourage the process of detente ment to the Foreign Assistance Act, it
ment, that we will do justice to Korea. which President Nixon has so imag;ina- is in fact almost exclusively a bill con-
There is, of course, our obligation to lively pursued in recent months. cerned with the international security
assist Cambodia; because Cambodia is But severe cuts by the Senate Foreign program of our country. To maintain
pinning down troops of the enemy which Relations Committee in the supporting the position of strength essential to our
otherwise would be engaged in South assistance and military assistance pro- country our allies and our friends in what
Vietnam and prolong that conflict, which grams recommended by the adminis6,ra- we trust will prove to be a turning point
already has gone on much too long. tion jeopardize important U.S. security toward peace, the Scott amendment
I have added $20 million for Israel, interests in Europe, the Middle East, as would raise the authorization for grant
because we want at least to continue to well as in Southeast Asia. Supporting as- military assistance to $725 million and
maintain the status quo, in the hope sistance provides the economic support the authorization for security support-
that Israel and the Arab nations finally which Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thai- ing assistance to $770 million, of which
will be able to convert the cease-fire land, Israel, Jordan, and others need to $70 million is specifically earmarked for
into a permanent peace. We have a sustain their economies while they with- Israel. I urge Senators to support the
cease-fire and no peace in two parts of stand military and political pressures President's efforts for peace by support-
the world-in Korea and in the Middle from their adversaries. We have seen that ing this amendment.
East. the need to maintain strong military The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who
Our purpose in our foreign policy is to forces in the Middle East has created an yields time?
promote peace-to promote peace in economic strain on both Israel and Jor- Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, will
Korea, 'so promote peace in Indochina, dan which they cannot meet without the Senator yield to me?
and to promote peace in the Middle East. outside assistance. The same is true in Mr. SCOTT. I yield.
Our best chance of doing so is to be Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos, where the Mr. SPARKMAN. As T understand it,
prepared to keep our commitments and, substantial amounts of military equip- the Senator's amendment provides for
in the case of Israel, the only democracy ment which we are supplying to them an amount, we may say, between what
in the Middle East, to support its very will be, far less effective if we do not pro- the administration requested and what
valiant forces as they, by their very de- vide an adequate level of economic aid the committee recommended.
termination and readiness to defend. which will permit them to mobilize their Mr. SCOTT. That is correct. It restores
themselves, deter aggressors, whether own manpower. a part of the fund, but it is a reduction
they be neighbors or whether they be Supporting assistance also Includes the of more than $55 million from the origi-
great powers. financial support which we provide for nal request of $780 million, and it is a
So it seems to me that this amendment the care of refugees and war casualties reduction-
is meritorious. It does not restore all in Southeast Asia. The recent North Mr. SPARKMAN. From $844 million.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 23, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE S 10105
Mr. SCOTT. It is a reduction of $74
million from the administration's origi-
nal request of $884 million.
Mr. SPARKMAN. That is, in support-
ing assistance.
Mr. SCOTT. Yes.
Mr. SPARKMAN. And $55 million in
military grant aid.
Mr. SCOTT. That is correct.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Did the Senator
name the beneficiary nations?
Mr. SCOTT. I will be glad to do so.
Mr. SPARKMAN. I am not suggest-
ing amounts, just the countries.
Mr. SCOTT. The beneficiary nations
which particularly would be benefited
here are the Republic of South Korea,
the Government of Thailand, the Gov-
ernment of Cambodia, the State of Is-
rael, and the Kingdom of Jordan.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Is it the Senator's
contention that we have commitments
to all those countries?
Mr. SCOTT. That is correct.
Mr. SPARKMAN. In the South Korea
alloment-or whatever it is called is the
matter of modernizing their equipment
involved?
Mr. SCOTT. It Is. That is the principal
purpose of the restoration, to enable us
to keep the given word of the United
States, that in consideration-in part,
certainly-of the necessity for us to
lower our profile in that area, to reduce
our presence in that area, we have agreed
to help them to modernize their means
of defense.
Mr. SPARKMAN. That was really a
part of the arrangement that was
worked out, either formally or infor-
mally, making it possible for us to with-
draw U.S. troops from South Korea?
Mr. SCOTT. That is correct.
We are in the position of having gone
ahead with the withddawal of our troops,
having taken the benefit of the agree-
ment so far as America is concerned, and
then being confronted with a hesitant
situation in the Senate, as to whether we
should keep our part of the bargain-
the modernization of the equipment of
the South Korea forces.
If I were a South Korean and heard
that the Senate had gone ahead with the
return of American soldiers and then
had failed to supply the modernization
of equipment is promised, not only
would I have a low opinion of the Senate,
but also, I would have a very low opinion
of the word of the United States.
Mr. SPARKMAN. I may say this, that
I have a strong feeling for the South
Korean situation. I have visited there
several times. I have been up on the
DMZ area where the South Koreans
have their divisions and we have our
men. I have seen the equipment the
South Koreans use. I know how badly
they need modizeration. I was pleased
when our Government and the South
Korean Government worked out an un-
derstanding to the effect that we would
help them modernize.
Let me say to the Senator from Penn-
sylvania that I have asked someone who
is opposed to this to come to the floor to
handle the opposition. I am not in a
position to oppose the position of the
Senator from Pennsylvania because I
think it is so important to all the coun-
tries the Senator named, but particu-
larly is the importance to South Korea
and Israel. The others may be just as
important, I am sure.
Mr. SCOTT. The Senator is right about
South Korea. I have already made the
point that I served briefly in South Korea
on the carrier Valley Forge.
I did see the fighting quality of the
South Koreans. I have been honored by
their government along with General
Van Fleet on a subsequent occasion at
the time of the inauguration of President
Park. This might be said to dispose me
even further in their favor, but what
moves me is the keeping of a promise
and my own personal observation of the
gallantry and the determination of the
South Koreans to preserve their inde-
pendence.
Mr. SPARKMAN. I have shared simi-
lar recognition by the South ? Korean
Government. I was also given an honor-
ary degree by their National University.
However, let me say that does not con-
vince me on this. I am convinced on this
by the absolute necessity of having a
well-equipped force on the DMZ line, as
long as we do not have some kind of
agreement whereby peace can be assured.
We are still there under the armistice;
are we not?
Mr. SCOTT. Yes.
Mr. SPARKMAN. It is necessary to
keep the force there. My own feeling is
that we should have it there.
Mr. President, I suggest the absence of
a quorum and I ask unanimous consent
that the time for the quorum be charged
equally to both sides.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
CHILES). Without objection, it is so ord-
ered, and the clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
. Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for the
quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the Senator
from Florida (Mr. GURNEY) be recog-
nized for 5 minutes on the time of the
Senator from Pennsylvania. -
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered. The Senator
from Florida is recognized.
Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, I strong-
ly support the amendment of the distin-
guished minority leader to restore some
of the military assistance funds cut by
the Foreign Relations Committee.
First, this amendment will provide
adequate economic supporting assistance
to Israel-a nation whose continuing
economic stability is crucial if peace is
ever to be achieved in the Middle East.
The recent activities of the Palestinian
guerrillas and the tragic shootout at
LOD Airport in Tel Aviv underscore the
need for such assistance.
Second, this amendment will enable
the administration to move ahead in im-
plementing the Vietnamization program.
It gives allies and friendly governments
the assistance which they continue to
need if North Vietnamese aggression is
to be successfully contained.
Finally, it enables us to get on with the
job of equipping and training allied and
friendly government forces so that these
forces, rather than U.S. forces, will be
able, in the first instance, to meet con-
ventional threats to the common peace.
Mr. President, these programs, which
we are considering today, have been in-
strumental in creating the essential pre-
conditions for a generation of peace.
They have enabled us to bring American
servicemen home-over half a million
from the Pacific alone-and they have
enabled us to leave local forces behind
which are capable of defending their
own governments and institutions.
I do not think there is any more dra-
matic and convincing evidence of that
than what is going on in Vietnam at the
present time. The North Vietnamese
launched an invasion of South Vietnam
and used practically all of their forces.
These forces were as well equipped as any
modern army. They used tanks and ar-
tillery pieces by the hundreds. Many of
them were of the modern type of artil-
lery. There were also rocket weapons.
The siege at An Loc ruined that village.
Yet, despite that massive attack with the
most modern of equipment, the South
Vietnamese has not only been able to
contain the aggression and turn back the
attack, but in some cases they have made
slight advances.
Mr. President, as I say, there is no
more dramatic evidence that Vietnami-
zation is working and that the training
of the South Vietnamese troops to take
over their own battles has been success-
ful. That is what this foreign assistance
program is all about. If we continue to
do that at the level of spending the ad-
ministration has recommended, it seems
to me that servicemen other than the
U.S. soldiers will do this kind of fighting,
which is what ought to be done.
Mr. President, for the first time in over
25 years other nations are becoming in-
creasingly able to stand on their own,
militarily. Given this record of accom-
plishment, I believe that this military
assistance program deserves our contin-
ued support. Deep cuts of the nature im-
posed by the Foreign Relations Commit-
tee would serve merely to cripple this ad-
ministration's foreign policy without
bringing forward valid alternative poli-
cies. As far as this Senator is concerned,
such drastic cuts are neither justified or
desirable.
Mr. President, I suggest the absence
of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. On whose
time?
Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the time be
equally divided between both sides.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered. The clerk will
call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I send
to the desk a perfecting amendment to
that offered by the distinguished minor-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 10106
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 23, 19
ity leader, and ask that the amendment
be stated.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment is not in order, except by
unanimous consent, until all time has
been used on the pending amendment
or ha,> been yielded back.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, if the Sena-
tor will yield, I have not seen the amend-
ment, and I would rather defer--
Mr, CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask
that the amendment be returned in order
that t may be examined by the distin-
guished minority leader.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who
yields time?
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I yield
myself such time as I may require.
Mr. President, I have reached an Um-
derst,.nding with the distinguished mi-
nority leader and we are ready to yield
back ,he remainder of the time on each
side to bring up the perfecting amend-
ment.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the amendment I have offered
may be called up and considered at this
time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
The amendment will be stated.
The legislative clerk read the amend-
ment offered by Mr. CHURCH for himself
and Mr. BsYr to the Scott amendment
(No. 1265) as follows:
Strive out the first paragraph of the
amendment. In lieu of the language pro-
posed to be inserted by the third para-
graph of the amendment by Senator Scott
Insert the following: $685,000,000, of which
not less than $85,000,000 shall be available
solely :'or Israel."
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I yield my-
self 3 minutes on the substitute.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator is recognized for 3 minutes on the
substitute or perfecting amendment.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, all the
substitute does Is to attempt what has
often been tried in the Senate, and that
is to Increase the amount to Israel,
hoping that all Senators who are
:motivated by the Jewish vote will imme-
diately rush in and support the sub-
stitute, and, or course, the $15 million
additional can then be knocked out
in eo;:Iference and everybody will be
happy.
Well, that is about all it is. My amend-
ment, of course, adds $20 million for
Israel, To that the distinguished Sena-
tor frim Idaho adds another $15 mil-
lion, but the price of his giving a little
more money to Israel is that no more
money goes to Korea, and no more money
goes t:) any other country mentioned in
my amendment-no more money goes to
Jordan, no more money goes to the
Middle East.
This, is simply an attempt to say to
Senators, as they walk through the door
just before the vote, "We raise the
amount of money for Israel. You want to
vote fcr that don't you?", and in that way
hope ghat Senators will thereby adopt
the substitute and strike out what we are
trying to do; namely, the restoration of
all these other funds in the amendment.
So I do not think the substitute should
be passed for that reason alone. Other-
wise we get into a bidding contest here,
where each Senator who has an amend-
ment offers to authorize more money for
Israel, but always at the cost of cutting
everybody else. I do not think the Gov-
ernment of Israel wants you to do that,
and I do not think the Government of
the United States wants you to do that.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator's 3 minutes have expired.
Mr. SCOTT. I yield myself 1 addhional
minute.
I do not think this is the way to
legislate.
I realize that by being exceptionally
candid on the floor I have abandoned
the usual subterfuges which we inter-
change with each other so often, but
that is all this is. When one examines
the proposal, he will see that it is
done for the purpose, when a Sen-
ator comes in and asks what this is all
about, of being able to say, "Well, it is
a substitute amendment to give Israel
more money." This is a time when there
is hardly anybody on the floor-there is
nobody here now except us chickens--
I am sorry; the Senator from Wyoming
(Mr. McGEE) says that I should speak
for myself-for us chickens and one
rooster, then. [Laughter.]
There is nobody else here, so when they
come in and they want to know what it is
all about, unless somebody makes the
record clear what it is all about, they
will not know it is an attempt to keep
face with South Korea and an attempt
to shore up other nations who have
been friendly to us, who are pinning down
other nations who are not friendly to us,
and as an attempt to continue peace in
the Middle East-
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President. will
the Senator yield?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time
of the Senator is expired.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I yield my-
self 2 minutes so I may yield to the Sen-
ator from Missouri.
Mr. SYMINGTON. May I ask the Sen-
ator if he thinks that adding $20 million
for Israel will hurt the overall bill'?
Mr. SCOTT. The overall bill?
Mr. SYMINGTON. Yes, Would adding
$20 million hurt the Senator's proposal?
As long as nobody is here but "us chick-
ens," I thought I might as well bring it
up.
Mr. SCOTT. Yes. My proposal would
help Jordan, Israel, Korea, Cambodia,
and would ease tensions, I believe, in
those areas of the world. I am so used
to, as an old hand around here, almost
going into my 30th year in Congress, all
these substitute motions. The usual ma-
neuver in the House is on a motion to
recommit. Over here it is a motion '1o do
something for Israel. That is all it is.
I hope the substitute will fail, for the
reason that it does strike down our at-
tempt to keep faith with the Government
and people of South Korea and to main-
tain our foreign relations in those other
areas.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
time of the Senator has expired.
Who yields time?
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, in the
same spirit of candidness that has been
shown by the distinguished minority
leader, recent votes taken in the Senate
have been against increasing the overall
amount of this bill. Per instance, only
last week the Senate rejected attempts
to increase military credit sales. Yet, at
this point comes another attempt to
increase the total amounts in the bill.
But this one has a,. sugar spoon at-
tached, earmarking: an additional $20
million for Israel.
I would first point out that the Senate
Committee on Foreign Relations has
earmarked 1'50 million in the present
bill for Israel. We wanted to make cer-
tain, given the present circumstances
in the Middle East, that the military
capabilities of Israel Pre sufficient to dis-
courage another Arab attack on that
country. We wanted to provide in various
ways Israel the capability to secure its
borders. If we are going to err, let us
err on the side of generosity. Let us
make certain that Israel's defense is
adequate, particularly in view of the
continuing Russian effort to rebuild the
Arab military forces.
So, with respect to this one particular
in the amendment offered by the Sena-
tor from Pennsylvania, I have no
quarrel. The amount, in fact, could well
be increased further. That is the reason
that I have added an additional $15
million, so that the increase for Israel is
not the $20 million provided in Senator
SCOTT'S amendment., but the $35 million
provided in the perfecting amendment.
That, I think, can be justified; but the
rest cannot be justified. The rest of this
amendment would increase the overall
cost of this bill by $245 million-nearly
a quarter of a billion dollars would be
added, if the Senate adopted the amend-
ment offered by the minority leader-
$125 million for military grant assistance
and $120 million for economic supporting
assistance.
The Senate bill is frilly adequate. The
committee took the evidence and heard
the testimony; it has, in fact. increased
the overall amount for military a.,ssist-
ance above the levels of last year. The
bill contains approximately $100 million
more in military assistance than the
Senate approved last year. The commit-
tee feels that that is fully adequate to
meet the need.
Mr. BAYH, Mr. President, will the Sen=
ator yield?
Mr. CHURCH. I am happy to yield to
the distinguished Senator from Indiana.
Mr. BAYH. I do not wish to interrupt
the carefully considered remarks of one
of the most distinguished and illustrious
members of the Foreign Relations Com-
mittee, but as one who is not a member
of the Committee on Foreign Relations,
I must say that I find great logic in the
presentation of the Senator from Idaho.
The Sen=s.ter has stressed the difference
between the committee's recommenda-
tions and the recommendations of our
illustrious minority leader. From a
slightly different perspective, I find it
equally alarming to look at the trend of
the last couple of years.
While, in the early years of this ad-
ministration, there was established a doc-
trine known as the Nixon doctrine, which
was designed to try to spread the bur-
den of regional defense among the na-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 23, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE S 10107
tions of that region. This policy goal
made a great deal of sense to me since
it would enhance international coopera-
tion, and lessen the overloaded burden
that existed on the backs of the taxpay-
ers of the United States. Nevertheless,
as I look at the figures that are before
me, it seems as if the trend has been
alarmingly in the opposite direction.
For 1970 we appropriated $350 mil-
lion in military grants, $70 million in
military credit sales, and $395 million
for supporting assistance; the amount
requested by the administration for
1973, just 4 years later, is more than
twice that amount-$780 million in mili-
tary grants, $527 million in military
credits, and $844 million for supporting
assistance.
The committee, in its wisdom, cut
those figures back to $600 million, $400
million, and $650 million respectively,
but the Senator from Pennsylvania seeks
again to raise that military grant figure
to $725 million and the supporting as-
sistance figure to $770 million. The com-
mittee has already doubled the amount
which was appropriated for 1970; this
amendment would add still another
quarter of a billion dollars when we are
trying to implement the Nixon doctrine
by spreading the burden of defense costs.
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator is quite
correct. All the committee is trying to do
is hold the line rather modestly against
this swelling program,
All these programs, as the Senator
knows, get larger with each passing year
through "bureaucratic momentum;" the
committee is trying to put the brakes to
this phenomena.
I call the Senator's attention to the
fact that in so doing, we have had to
yield some ground. There is $100 million
more in this bill than in last year's bill,
to start with, for military assistance. The
Senator from Pennsylvania, however,
has added a quarter of a billion dollars
more. As a consequence, unless we are
just going to throw open the door and
say, in effect, that any amount is ac-
ceptable to Congress, that we will no
longer exercise our judgment or attempt
to impose some reasonable restraint on
behalf of the people we represent who
must pay the bill, then I would think it
prudent for the Senate to support the
committee.
Mr. BAYH. Will the Senator permit me
to interrupt for just one last question, to
get his thoughts?
Mr. CHURCH. I yield.
Mr. BAYH. This whole question of
when and where to spend military funds
are not asking for divisions or air sup-
port from the United States, but for the
military hardware to defend themselves.
I do not want to be too harsh, but it
appears almost as if this very important
authorization to help sustain democracy
in Israel is being used almost as a black-
mail effort to get several times that
amount to spend we know not where and
we know not for what. Is the Senator
from Indiana too harsh in his judg-
ment?
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator is accurate
in his observation, and his statement is
certainly no more harsh than the open-
ing remarks of the distinguished minor-
ity leader. The distinguished Senator
from Indiana is quite right.
I have never had any difficulty when
it comes to supplying military assist-
ance or economic assistance, when
needed, to Israel. Israel is a democratic
country. It has the full and loyal sup-
port of its .people. It has demonstrated
again and again its capacity to defend
itself, without ever calling upon a single
American soldier.
My difficulty is with this tendency of
ours, through this military assistance
program and the foreign military sales
effort, to supply 40 or 50 different gov-
ernments in the world with our arms,
and in the main, to supply various dic-
tatorial regimes, all under the guise of
anticommunism. However, most of these
American financed and furnished weap-
ons have been used by these regimes to
hold their our own people in check. We
have allowed this to grow and grow until
it has become global in its scope. It is
now a monstrously immoral program.
I point out to the Senator that, in-
sofar as the war theater is concerned,
insofar as Laos and South Vietnam and
Cambodia are concerned, whatever mili-
tary assistance is needed for those coun-
tries is not covered by this bill, anyway.
All of that-and it is a great deal, as the
Senator knows-is covered in the so-
called defense budget of the United
States.
What is really being asked for here is
a quarter of a billion dollars more to
distribute to countries which, in the
main, if not almost in the entirety, are
reactionary, repressive regimes, and cer-
tainly by no stretch of the imagination
could be compared to the kind of gov-
ernment or society represented by the
free and sovereign State of Israel.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. CHURCH. I yield.
Mr. SCOTT. Does the Senator include
Mr. SCOTT. In other words, the Sen-
ator is condemning all these other coun-
tries which have been friends and allies
of the United States and is using that as
an argument for not keeping our given
word, as in our promise to Korea to mod-
ernize their equipment.
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator from
Idaho does not condemn any govern-
ment. The Senator from Idaho is saying
that the committee bill contains adequate
money for these purposes and that it
ought not be increased by another quar-
ter of a billion dollars. It already has
been increased by $100 million, and
nearly all the bill is directed toward such
governments as those mentioned by the
Senator from Pensylvania. It is suffi-
cient. It need not be increased.
A special case can.be made for Israel,
because it is a very special country, faced
by a very difficult problem-the problem
of Russian-supplied military arms and
equipment to the surrounding Arab
States which are unanimously hostile to
Israel and against whom Israel has
fought several wars.
Israel's position is a special one. We
should be particularly careful to make
certain that we earmark sufficient funds
for Israel to maintain an effective and
successful military deterrent against the
outbreak of further warfare in the Mid-
dle East.
Mr. SCOTT. Would not the Senator,
then agree, that it is necessary to help
South Korea maintain an effective and
successful military deterrent against
those who might endanger its security?
Mr. CHURCH. The bill as reported by
the committee contains adequate fund-
ing for that purpose.
Mr. SCOTT. I think it is obvious that
we cannot agree-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time
of the Senator from Idaho has expired.
The Senator from Pennsylvania has 9
minutes remaining.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask for
the yeas and nays on the motion to table.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo-
tion to table has not been offered.
Mr. CHURCH. I give notice that I
shall ask for the yeas and nays when the
motion is made.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Pennsylvania has 9 minutes
remaining.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I yield back
the remainder of my time, and I now
move to table the substitute of the Sen-
ator from Idaho to the amendment of
the Senator from Pennsylvania.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask for
the yeas and nays on the motion to table.
The yeas and the nays were not
ordered.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call the roll. The assistant legisla-
tive clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask for
the yeas and the nays on the motion to
table.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
has not been examined in the past as the Republic of South Korea as a reac-
carefully as I think the Senate is deter- tionary, regressive regime?
mined to examine it in the future. Mr. CHURCH. The Senator from
A fundamental principle which must Idaho has no particular admiration for
be considered is the relationship of the the Government of South Korea. There
expenditures to our national interest. Is a great difference between that govern-
It is rather obvious to the Senator ment and the Government of Israel. I
from Indiana, and I am sure to the, Sena- want to say that most emphatically. The
for from Idaho, that what happens in the two are not comparable at all.
Middle East with respect to the security Mr. SCOTT. The Senator has met the
and continued freedom of the State ruler of the Kingdom of Jordan. Does he
of Israel is very much in our national include the Kingdom of Jordan as a reac-
interest, and that there is a great deal .tionary and regressive or recessive
of sympathy in this country to support regime?
that small democracy and provide them Mr. CHURCH. I do not place it in the
the wherewithal to defend themselves. list of flourishing democracies in the
That is exactly what they are doing; we world.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
S 1 D108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- SENATE
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques-
tion is on agreeing to the motion to table.
On this question the yeas and the nays
have been ordered, and the clerk will call
the roll.
The assistant legislative clerk called
the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I announce
that the Senator from Georgia (Mr.
GAMBRELL), the Senator from Alaska
(Mr. GRAVEL), the Senator from South
Carolina (Mr. HOLLINGS), .he Senator
from. Iowa (Mr. HUGHES), the Senator
from Minnesota (Mr. HUMPHREY), the
Senator from Hawaii (Mr. INOUYE), the
Senator from North Carolina (Mr. JOR-
DAN), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
MANSFIELD), the Senator from Arkansas
(Mr. MCCLELLAN), the Senator from
Sout:a Dakota (Mr. MCGOVERN), the Sen-
ator from New Hampshire (Mr. McIN-
TYRE), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
MET(!ALF), the Senator from Maine (Mr.
MuSHIE), the Senator from Connecticut
(Mr. RxBicorF), and the Senator from
Utah (Mr. Moss) are necessarily absent.
I further announce that the Senator
from Louisiana (Mr. ELLENDER) is ab-
sent on official business.
I further announce that, if present and
voting, the Senator from Iowa (Mr.
HuGI ES) , the Senator from Minnesota
(Mr. HUMPHREY), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. McGovERrr) , the Sen-
ator from Connecticut (Mr. RIBICOFF),
and the Senator from Georgia (Mr. GAM-
BRELI), would each vote "nay."
Mr. SCOTT. I announce the=.t the Sena-
tor from Tennessee (Mr. LEOCK), the
Senator from New Hampshire (Mr. COT-
TON), the Senator from Michigan (Mr.
GRIFI'IN), the Senator from Wyoming
(Mr. HANSEN), the Senator from Oregon
(Mr. HATFIELD), the Senator from Ne-
braska (Mr. HRUSKA), and the Senator
from Illinois (Mr. PERCY) are necessarily
absent.
The Senator from Arizona (Mr. GOLD-
WATER) and the Senator from South
Dakota (Mr. MUNDT) are absent because
of illness.
The Senator from Oklahoma (Mr.
EELLDTON) and the Senator from Ohio
(Mr. TAFT) are detained on official busi-
ness.
On this vote, the Senator from Arizona
(Mr. GOLDWATER) is paired with the Seil-
ator from Oregon (Mr. HATFIELD). If
present and voting, the Senator from
Arizona would vote "yea" and the Sena-
tor from Oregon would vote "nay."
The result was announced-yeas 35,
Fulbright
Harris
Hart
Hartke
Jackson
Javits
Kennedy
Long
Bellmon
Brock
Cotton
Ellender
Gambrell
Goldwater
Gravel
Griffin
Hansen
Magnuson Randolph
McGee Roth
Mondale Spong
Montoya Stevenson
Nelson Symington
Pastore Tunney
Pell Weicker
Proxmire Williams
,,,NOT VOTING-27
Hatfield McGovec''n
Hollings McIntyre
Hruska, Metcalf
Hughes Moss
Humphrey Mundt
Inouye Muskie
Jordan, N.C. Percy
Mansfield Ribicoff
McClellan Taft
So the motion to table the Church
amendment was rejected.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
KENNEDY). The question occurs on
agreeing to the Church amendment to
the Scott amendment. All time has ex-
pired.
Mr. PASTORE. Mr. President, I ask
for the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the amend-
ment of the Senator from Pennsylvania,
as modified. On this question the yeas
and nays have been ordered, and the
clerk will call the roll.
The second assistant legislative clerk
called the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I announce
that the Senator from Georgia (Mr.
GAMBRELL), the Senator from Alaska
(Mr. GRAVEL), the Senator from South
Carolina (Mr. HOLLINGS), the Senator
from Iowa (Mr. HUGHES), the Senator
from Minnesota (Mr. HUMPHREY), the
Senator from Hawaii (Mr. INOUYE), the
Senator from North Carolina (Mr. JOR-
DAN), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
MANSFIELD), the Senator from Arkansas
(Mr. MCCLELLAN), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. MCGOVERN), the Sen-
ator from Montana (Mr. METCALF), the
Senator from Utah (Mr. Moss), the Sen-
ator from Maine (Mr'. MUSKIE), the Sen-
ator from Connecticut (Mr. RIBICOFF),
the Senator from New Hampshire (Mr.
MCINTYRE), and the Senator from Lou-
isiana (Mr. ELLENDre;) are absent on ofli-
cial business.
I further allnoun: 'v that, if presen t an d
voting, the Senator from Iowa (Mr.
HUGHES), the Senator from Minnesota
(Mr. HUMPHREY), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. RICGOVERN), the Sen-
ator from Connecticut (Mr. RIBICOFF),
and the Senator from Georgia (Mr.
GASIBRELT) would rich vote "yea."
nays 18, as follows:
Mr. SCOTT. I announce that the Seri-
[No. 242 Leg.]
ator from Tennessee (Mr. BROCK). the
YEAS-35
enator from New Parnpshire (Mr. COT-
CON)
the Senator from Michigan (Mr
Aiken
Allen
Dominick
Eastland
S., welter
Se. Lit
,
.
GRIFFIN), the Sene(or from Wyoming
Allott
Ervin
So, th
Mr. HANSEN), the -_enator from Oregon
Raker
Fannin
Sl.::.rkn an
'Mr. HATFIELD)
the Senator from Ne-
Ecall
Bennet t
Fong
Gurney
Sto:fford
Sic ;finis
,
braska (Mr. HRUSK-), and the Senator
:Boggs
Jordan, Idaho
Stevens
;rom Illinois (Mr. I'1:RCY) are necessar-
Buckley
Mathias
Tamaclge
ily absent.
Cook
Miller
Thurmond
Cooper
Packwood
Tower
The Senator from Arizona (Mr. GoLD-
Curtis
Pearson
Yas.ng
`,VATER) and the 'senator from South
Dole
Saxbe
Dakota (Mr. MUNDT, are absent because
NAYS-38
of illness.
Anderson
Burdick
Care
On this vote, the Senator from Arizona
Bayh
Bentsen
Byrd,
Harry F., Jr.
Chiles
Church
Mr. GOLDWATER) is paired with the Sen-
Bible
Byrd, Robert C. Cranston
ator from Oregon (Mr. HATFIELD). If
Brooke
Cannon Eagleton
present and voting, the Senator from
June 23, 1972
Arizoiut would vote "nay" and the Sen-
ator from Oregon would vote "yea."
The result was anouneed-yeas 54,
nays 21, as follows :
[No. 24:1 Leg.[
YE;)..- -54
Allott
Dole
Poll
Anderson
Eagletor
Proxmire
Baker
Eastial".
;Raridoll:h
Bayh
Fulbri.55
Roth
Bentsen
Harris
Saxbe
Bible
Hart
Schweiker
Boggs
Hartk_-
Sparkman
Brooke
Jacks eir
Spraig
Buckley
Javits
Stevens
Burdick
Kennedy
Stevenson
Byrd,
Long
Symington
Harry F.. Jr.
Magnus+n
Talmadge
Byrd, Robert C. Mathias
Thurmond
Cannon
Miller
Tower
Case
Mondale
'runney
Chiles
Moil *..-a
Weicker
Church
Nelson
Williams
Cook
Pastore
Cranston
Pear SO s
NAYS 21
Aiken
Dominick:
Pa:hwood
Allen
Ervin
Scott
Beall
Fannin
Smith
Bellmon
Fong
Stafford
Bennett
Gurney
Stennis
Cooper
Jordan,iss;ho
raft
Curtis
McGee
Young
NOT VOTING-25
Brock
liollin^s
McIntyre
Cotton
Hruska
Metcalf
Ellender
Hugh-.
1Io
Gambrell
Humpi;re'
Mundt
Goldwater
Inouye
Muskie
Gravel
Jordan, S i.
Percy
Griffin
Man :fi :i,%
lCliicoff
Hansen
McClclla:
Hatfield
Mcc,'a r'
So Mr. CfURCx's it is--ueiment to the
Scott amendment Wa ,geed to.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, I
move to reconsider the vote by which the
amendment to the amendment was
agreed to.
Mr. CHURCH. I move to lay that mo-
tion on the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to.
The PRESIDING 01' _e "ICER. The ques-
tion recurs on the ?c? Et, arnerdment, as
-mended.
Who yield time?
Mr. SCOTT. I yi:J I ?,k the remainder
of my time.
Mr. CH~T1tCH. I ; ld back the re-
mainder of my tier:e.
The PRESIDING O! PICER. The ques-
tion, is on agreeing to the Scott anTend-
rlent, as amended (&,utting the ques-
tian).
The anicidment, ; amended, was
t-greed to.
Mr. ClI RCH. I mop; : to reeolisidl'i ti e
vote by witch the antenda'ent
-greed to.
Mr. JAVITS. I move to lay that motion
on the table.
The moticvi to l . the table 'wa,s
n greeed to.
`'he _T?1eF;'IDIN: Under
the previous order, th- Senate will now
proceed to the cola ideration of the
amendment to be of ers d by the Senator
f _'om Colorado (Ills.. T- i ,? elNicx) ,
Mr. DOMINICK. Mr, President, I send
the amendment to the desk.
The )'FtF-3IDING OFFICER. The
amendment will be stated.
The amendment was read as follows:
On pare 7. line 18, delete "(a) ", On line 22,
beginning with the word, "by" strike through
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 June 23, 1972
Approved
FOE DgJ SSION IALI RIE P75ENATP
the word, "funds" on line 24, and insert in
lieu thereof: "in Thailand by any military
forces, other than the national forces of
Thailand or the United States,".
On page 8, line 1, insert a period after
"purpose".
On page 8, line 1, beginning with the word,
"and" strike through line 10.
Mr. DOMINICK. Mr. President, if I
may have the attention of Senators I
think we can be very brief on this amend-
ment and, hopefully, with the cooper-
ation of the Senator from New Jersey
and the Senator from Idaho, we will be
able to dispose of it rather rapidly.
Mr. President, my original amendment
which was printed would have struck the
total section 515 on pages 7 and 8. I have
talked at length with members of the
staff and with the Senator from New
Jersey, and the amendment I have sub-
mitted is different in considerable sub-
stance from the amendment which was
originally offered.
What we are doing in the amendment
I have offered now is strike any reference
either to combat or military operations
in Laos or military operations in North
Vietnam, leaving in, however, the pro-
posed prohibition on the use of funds
insofar as third countries are con-
cerned in Thailand.
Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, may we
have quiet in the Senate? This is an
important matter.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
BURDICK). The Senate will be in order.
Mr. DOMINICK. As a result of this
amendment, if agreed to, the provision
which is before Senators on pages 7 and
8 would read as follows:
No funds authorized or appropriated under
any provision of law shall be made available
by any officer, employee, or agency of the
United States Government, for the purpose
of financing any military operations in Thai-
land by any military forces other than the
national forces of Thailand or the United
States ...
Then it would read after that:
unless Congress has specifically authorized
or specifically authorizes the making of funds
available for such purpose.
And the remainder of the section
would then be stricken,
The reason why we have done this is
that the Armed Services Committee as
such by, I believe, a general agreement
between the Armed Services Committee
Chairman and the Chairman of the
Foreign Relations Committee, has main-
tained jurisdiction in connection with
Vietnam and with Laos.
The general military assistance juris-
diction is in the Foreign Relations Com-
mittee and would be applicable insofar
as Thailand is concerned. So we are leav-
ing Thailand in, But I want to make it
explicit-and I think the Senator from
New Jersey would agree with this-that
there is no situation in Thailand at the
present time which would lead to support
of any third party troops in that area.
We anticipate none. Consequently, this
wording, although it may be important
from the point of view of asserting juris-
diction in what we are doing in military
operations country by country, is no more
important for Thailand than it would
be for India or Pakistan or any other
country in the world in which we do not
contemplate doing this.
Personally, I feel the legislation as such
is not what I would like to see in the
bill, but almost all legislation in this
body is a matter of compromise along
these lines, and it may be that the ques-
tion of whether this provision should
be in at any point can be taken up, as
it has been in the past, in conference,
and then either knocked out or left in
by the conferees.
It is, as I say, my feeling that this is
a good substitute; that it takes care
of the items which were of concern to
me and the other distinguished mem-
bers of this body who sponsored the orig-
inal proposal that I put in, namely, Sen-
ators STENNIS, YOUNG, EASTLAND, BEN-
NETT, TOWER, and DOLE. I believe, as far
as I can ascertain, that this amendment
would be satisfactory to those cospon-
sors. I tried to stay in touch with as many
of them as I could. As I say, it does,
in part at least, meet some of the pur-
poses the Senator from New Jersey was
seeking, but it does not any longer con-
flict with the jurisdiction we would
otherwise have in the Armed Services
Committee.
I am happy to yield at this point to
the Senator from New Jersey.
Mr. CASE. I thank my colleague. His
statement is accurate and very fair, as
his statements always are. I would have
preferred that the section the Senator
from Colorado is amending remain in
the bill as I introduced it and the For-
eign Relations Committee approved it,
but we cannot always get everything we
want. I am glad, speaking for myself
only, to accept the Senator's amendment
as the best that we can get under the
circumstances.
Mr. President, I am absolutely opposed
to the United States carrying on large
scale mercenary operations anywhere-
Southeast Asia or anywhere else-with-
out congressional authorization. I think
that if our democracy and our Consti-
tution mean anything, such authoriza-
tion should be mandatory. But I think
we cannot avoid the fact that there
are ongoing mercenary operations in
Laos and in North Vietnam financed by
the United States. We know this. We
know that Thai troops are in Laos be-
cause, after a long series of newspaper
leaks and interviews with Thai troops
themselves, the administration finally
stated publicly last year that this was
so. We know of the operations in North
Vietnam only because of newspaper ac-
counts. Perhaps some day we are going
to be officially informed of the facts on
American financed ground raids in North
Vietnam.
But I do accept the fact that these
operations exist, although I believe Con-
gress should have been asked to author-
ize them. Congress unofficially has been
aware of them. The Armed Services Com-
mittees have been advised about them.
As. I understand, the Appropriations
Subcommittee dealing with defense ap-
propriations has known about them. Ap-
propriations have been made by Con-
gress with this knowledge. So, in a
sense-and I am sure this is the view of
the majority of the Members of the Con-
R000600080026-6 S10109
gress-there is some feeling that these
operations have been authorized by Con-
gress and that the Senate is unwilling
to stop them at this particular point,
with hostilities continuing.
Recognizing that while not necessarily
agreeing, I accept the suggestion offered
by the Senator from Colorado (Mr. DOMI-
NICK), although it goes against my grain
to do so because of my general view of
the undesirability of unauthorized mer-
cenary operations; but I think he has
proposed something which meets one of
my main purposes, and that is to estab-
lish the fact that, in the future, specific
congressional authorizations should be
necessary.
Mr. DOMINICK. Mr. President, I ap-
preciate what the Senator has said. I
know it has been a concern of his for a
long period of time. It is my understand-
ing, on reading this amendment-and I
would like to have this colloquy with the
Senator from New Jersey-that this
would not prohibit the United States
from supporting our ally Thailand within
Thailand with some of the problems they
may have. Is that correct?
Mr. CASE. This does not prevent
American support in Thailand to Thai
troops. That is quite correct.
Mr. DOMINICK. And it would not pro-
hibit our support of what might be term-
ed irregular troops who are nationals of
Thailand?
Mr. CASE. Would the Senator repeat
that?
Mr. DOMINICK. Yes. It would not pre-
vent support of what might be termed ir-
regular forces or nationals of Thailand.
In other words, in case some of the
tribesmen who are not part of the regu-
lar armed forces there should find them-
selves in problems because of invasion by
some country, they could be supported,
too?
Mr. CASE. It would be my feeling that
the rationale of what we are doing would
not prohibit American support to Thai
regular or irregular troops in Thailand so
long as they were under direction of the
Thai Government.
Mr. DOMINICK. That is what I wanted
to get as far as the RECORD is concerned.
I am glad the Senator goes along with
that, because that is my understanding
of what the amendment would do.
It seems to me that the striking of
lines 2 through 10, really, on page 8 is a
significant compromise by the distin-
guished Senator from New Jersey-tak-
ing out reference to Laos and Vietnam.
I see my distinguished chairman here.
I am sure he may have some questions
or comments on it.
Mr. CASE. Would the Senator permit
me to make one more observation be-
fore completing this colloquy? I think I
should say I do not regard what we are
doing here in any way to be an authori-
zation of any kind for American assist-
ance, but the elimination of new pro-
scriptions against certain kinds of Amer-
ican assistance. That is the purpose of
it.
Mr. DOMINICK. That is my under-
standing.
Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield to me?
Mr. DOMINICK. I am happy to yield.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 10110
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE Jane 23, 1972
Mr. STENNIS. I would like to make
this comment. This is a subject of con-
cern to all of us. It is a matter that is very
difficult to handle, frankly. It is difficult
for the Department of Defense or the
Department of State, or whatever agency
of government may be involved. We have
had this problem before our committee
many times, and will continue to have
it.
I want to commend the Senator from
Colorado, who is a very able member of
our committee, for the work he has done
in connection with, this provision in the
bill. I think he and the Senator from New
Jersey have reached a very good adjust-
ment of the situation without injury to
the position we find ourselves in over
there.
Believing that as I do, I am glad to join
with him in the modification that he has
proposed-here, and am delighted to see,
too, the Senator from New Jersey willing
to meet the Senator and seek to accom-
plish something that I think will improve
the si;uction without aggravating our
present problem there.
Mr.DOMINICK. Mr. President, I sure-
ly app::ceciate the support of the Senator
from Mississippi and the Senator from
North Dakota, who was one of the very
prominent cosponsors of my originally
proposed amendment.
I yield to the Senator from North
Dakota.
Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, as I un-
derstand the modification, it would not
run contrary to the Nixon foreign policy,
which I believe is a good one, that of
helping friendly nations throughout the
world but not using our own troops. They
would do their own fighting. I think from
time to time it is helpful to give financial
assistance to other countries and mili-
tary supplies and money for economic
and other purposes. I hope we will get
away from this business of trying to fight
the battles of the whole world. That is
what the main part of the Nixon policy is
about. I think the modification fits well
into that foreign policy.
Mr. DOMINICK. I thank the Senator
from North Dakota, and I completely
agree with him.
As we all know, there are problems in
Thailand. They are not nearly as serious
as they are in some areas of Southeast
Asia, but there are problems in both
northeast and southeast Thailand. To
date, their regular armed forces have
been s.ble to maintain this problem with-
in a reasonable area. That would not
prohibit us from giving adequate support,
in case they need it, to provide the Thais,
or nations in that area, the ability to do
their )wn fighting, which I think we are
all for.
So 2 thank the Senator from New Jer-
sey, the Senator from Mississippi, and
the Senator from North Dakota for their
support, and I am happy to yield to the
Senator from New York.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, as the
Senator is limited in time, perhaps I had
better seek time from the Senator from
Arkansas. Will the Senator from Arkan-
sas yield me some time?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. I yield the Senator
from New York whatever time he may
require.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr, President, I ain in
agreement with the Senator from New
Jersey that this is probably the best way
now realistically available: to us in which
to resolve the question. I appreciate that
in war, you use many means which may
be distasteful. I am deeply opposed to
our being in this war in Indochina, but
that is neither here nor there on this is-
sue. The important point here, Mr. Pres-
ident, is that we are, in a sense, condon-
ing a lack of information to Congress.
We did not adopt this amendment
lightly in the Foreign Relations Commit-
tee. We adopted it only in extremis, be-
cause the whole concept of advice and
consent in consultation with the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations has broken
down in a very serious way. I hope that
seeing these evidences of it-which are
numerous, not just this alone; the Azores
and Bahrain provision, the executive
agreements provision, and other matters
with which we have dealt, reflect that as
well. It will be seen that the situation
might have been otherwise had the ad-
ministration kept us closely informed of
what it was doing and why.
I see no reason why it should not have
done so. This idea that only the Presi-
dent and his people can be trusted with
a secret has already beeA exploded by
the revelations of the Pentagon papers,
the Jack Anderson disclosures, the daily
trickle of official "leaks" and so on.
The Joint Atomic Energy Committee
is entrusted, we believe, with the very
highest secerets of government, at least
what are alleged to be the, highest secrets
of government, without qualm. What is
it that seems to create a barrier between
the Committee on Foreigrk Relations and
the administration, in respect of ac-
countability and responsibility for "clas-
sified" information? I think that is what
is at the base of this provision, and I
deprecate it.
Mr. President, beyond, that, we have
ongoing activities in Cambodia which
raise very serious questions about the
good faith with which the administration
is sticking by the provisions of the law,
including the amendment of Senator
COOPER and Senator CHURCH with respect
to the range of activities to go on in Cam-
bodia with our backing; and my own
amendment making cleat in law that we
have no commitment to the defense of
the Government of Cambodia nor does
our aid imply or authorize any such in-
ference.
Yet, the evidence continues to mount
that there is a real effort to sort of get
around those particular provisions with
respect to Cambodia. The press has re-
ported that American advisers--pro-
hibited by law in Cambodia-hover off
the ground in helicopters, so their feet do
not touch the earth while they direct op-
erations. Such maneuvers to avoid one of
the inhibitions of the law raised serious
questions of the integrity of the law and
the authority of Congress, somewhat like
General Lavelle's unauthorized raids.
It is this kind of thing, Mr. President,
which deeply troubles Members of Con-
gress and deeply troubles the relation-
ships which are involved here with the
executive department, and which cause
such deep concern with respect to the
whole Indochina involvement. Mr. Presi-
dent, if there is one thing we have now
learned, and the decisive passage by the
Senate of the War Powers Act is a clear
indication of that, it is that we do not
want to back into another Vietnam, or be
drawn into it, because the progress of
events is such as to make it inevitable.
In 1970, following the Lon Nol coup
d'etat against Sihanouk's neutralist gov-
ernment and the attack he ordered
against the Communist staging bases
along the Cambodia border, President
Nixon sent U.S. forces into Cambodia-
in that much disputed action. In his
April 30 address announcing this attack,
the President justified it as a move "to
protect our men who are in Vietnam and
to guarantee the continued success of
our withdrawal programs."
The attack in Cambodia was de-
scribed as a one-shot affair and subse-
quent requests to Congress for military
aid funds for Cambodia were portrayed
as being short term measures related to
Vietnamization and withdrawal of U.S.
forces. On May 14, Secretary Rogers said
that the defense of the Cambodian Gov-
ernment was not the primary purpose of
the actions taken, and "that will not be
our purpose in the future."
When Congress first authorized the
Cambodian assistance request of Presi-
dent Nixon, I authored. an amendment
which was included in the law, and which
has been retained in slightly reworded
form since. My amendment, section
7(b),stated:
Military and economic assistance provided
by the United States to Cambodia and au-
thorized or appropriated pursuant to this
or any other Act shall not be construed as a
commitment by the United States to Cam-
bodia for its defense.
The initial administration request for
military assistance to Cambodia, on
May 12, 1970, was for $7.9 million but
grew by the end of the year to $155
million. In 1971 it grew to $246.4 million,
and this year the request was $300 mil-
lion for military aid and $30 million in
economic aid.
This pattern of logarithmic growth of
U.S. military support and involvement in
Cambodia would have been cause for
grave concern in and of itself. But then,
on March 14, 1972, Secretary Rogers
stated to the House Foreign Affairs Com-
mittee, in support of the Cambodian aid
request:
As you know, one of the reasons we have
increased the request for Cambodia assist-
ance is that we are anxious to see.that the
Government in Cambodia survives.
Mr. President, what has become of the
provision written into law from the out-
set, and retained in law ever since, es-
tablishing that we have no commitment
to Cambodia-or to the Government of
Cambodia-for its defense?
I do not think we are being kept can-
didly informed about what is going on
in Cambodia. I have doubts that the
thrust of U.S. programs in Cambodia
square with the spirit, intent, and letter
of the law. Moreover, the question is not
merely an academic one. It is a very
important one closely related to our
whole Indochina experience. The situa-
tion in Cambodia, according to a June 6,
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 23, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE S 10111
1972, New York Times report, is dis-
quietingly like the situation in Vietnam
In the early 1960's. I include this report
as part of my text:
CAMBODIA SEEMS ADRIFT AFTER 2 YEARS AS
REPUBLIC
(By Craig R. Whitney)
PNOMPENH, CAMBODIA, June 5.-From a
start full of hope two years ago, Cambodia
has sunk into a deep malaise, without con-
fidence in her leadership, institutions, or
ability to decide her own future, in the as-
sessment of a wide range of Cambodians and
foreign diplomats.
The malaise has been months in develop-
ing, but has had a chance to take root in the
last two months, during which the Govern-
ment of President Lon Nol has been virtually
paralyzed by its attempts to legitimize itself
as a popularly elected presidential regime.
Yesterday the country held its first presi-
dential election. Marshall Lon Nol was ahead
in preliminary results today with 58 per cent
of the vote, while his closest contender, In
Tam, had 24 per cent, and the marshal will
almost certainly turn out to be the winner
when the final results of the light voting
are proclaimed by the Government in a few
days.
He proclaimed himself President March 13
after dissolving what remained of the Cam-
bodian legislature, with Mr. In Tam at its
head, and bowed to student pressure to elimi-
nate his friend and closest adviser, Lieut.
Gen. Sisowath Sirik Matak, from the Gov-
ernment. The next legislative elections will
not take place for three months.
The beginning of the worst part of the
decline in Cambodia's morale seems to date
from the disastrous rout of Cambodian troops
trying to clear Route 6 north of Phnmmpenh
in December. Since that operation, called
Tchenla 2, the Cambodian Army has made no
new offensive sweeps except unsuccesful ones
around the temples of Angkor.
In recent weeks the Cambodians have, al-
most without a fight, given up most of the
territory east of the Mekong River that North
Vietnamese and Vietcong troops are using
as a staging area for the offensive in South
Vietnam,
AMERICAN OFFICIAL GLOOMY
A high American official, speaking of the
United States' $200-million military aid pro-
gram in Cambodia, shrugged his shoulders
as If in despair and said: "I don't see any
vigorous prosecution of the war in the cards.
Tchenla 2 caused a certain lack of confidence
on the part of Lon Nol and the army and
the Communists' use of tanks and large
amounts of heavy ammunition In their of-
fensive has just indicated to the Khmer that
they are no match for the North Vietnamese.
It was also the failure of Tchenla 2 that
caused the exacerbation of political strains,
but that had been growing quietly ever since
March, 1970, when Marshal Lon Nol enjoyed
seemingly unanimous backing at the begin-
ning of the republic. The trend since then has
ben one of centralized rule in his weak hands,
but with growing frustration and, with the
elections of the weekend, open opposition
by some who supported the President in the
beginning.
Marshal Lon Nol's principal opponent in
the election, Mr. In Tam, was president of
the Cambodian National Assembly at the
time of the overthrow of Prince Narodom
Sihanouk and was one of the three principal
figures of the new republic In 1970-along
with the President and his close friend, Gen-
eral Sirlk Matak.
What has happened to Mr. In Tam and
to General Sirik Matak shows, in some ways,
the deterioration of the regime. In the sum-
mer of 1971, Mr. In Tam became Minister
of the Interior, but asked to resign and was
dismissed last September as his differences
with the marshal grew. He became president
of the renamed Constituent Assembly In
November after Marshal Lon Nol took away
the legislature's law-making powers and told
it to proceed with the drafting of a consti-
tution.
But in March, after student demonstra-
tions against General Sirik Matak, who was
Lon Nol's premier and, in effect, the man
Who had ruled Cambodia since the marshal's
stroke more than a year ago, the President
bowed to these outside pressures, took Gen-
eral Sirik Matak out of the Government and
abolished the Constituent Assembly.
Within 10 days, he had his subordinates
draft a constitution to his liking, establish-
ing a presidential form of government with
a Cabinet answerable to him and to the two-
house legislature, and submitted it to a
nationwide referendum, which approved it
April 30.
Since March, the Government has been
headed by the only man Lon Nol could get to
accept the job, Son Ngoc Thanh, a shadowy
figure who was on the side of the anti-
Sihanouk forces at the beginning of the re-
public but whose allegiance is now believed
to be mostly to the forms and trappings of
the republican Government.
"The Government has been virtually para-
lyzed for the past two months while Lon
Nol has been trying to secure his political
future," a senior diplomat said. "I would
hope he'd start to govern again rather quick-
ly after the elections."
Indeed, in the last few days in Pnompenh
have been devoted almost entirely to politi-
cal activities. A giant parade of military vehi-
cles filled with soldiers bearing placards has
circled the city almost every morning, blar-
ing Marshal Lon Nol's political propaganda
and DC-3 aircraft have dropped thousands of
little pictures of the marshal-similar to
those printed on the ballots-all over the
city.
During the voting yesterday, Mr. In Tam
charged that the Government was making
It difficult for his supporters to vote for him,
and that his pollwatchers had not been per-
mitted in some of the places where military
people, who strongly support Marshall Lon
Nol, were voting. Today, he said he would
contest the results as "fraudulent and anti-
democratic." There has been talk of a coup
d'etat by disgruntled elements, but Mr. In
Tam refused, in an interview, to go that far.
The third candidate, Kee Ann, was the
dean of the Faculty of law of Pnompenh,
whose students led the fight against General
Sink Matak in the spring, but he did not
compaign prominently and was expected to
get less than 5 per cent of the vote.
Mr. In Tam campaigned actively, but one
Western diplomat said: Even if In Tam said
nothing, a lot of people would vote for him.
There's a feeling that the Government has
not kept any of the promises it had made,
and that it is corrupt.
NOT ENTIRELY BLEAK
In the preliminary results, Mr. Keo Ann
did better than expected and the two op-
position candidates together had almost 42
per cent.
American officials here point out that the
situation is not entirely bleak, and say that
a series of monetary reforms and changes in
Government policy have staved off a serious
rice shortage that seemed to be inevitable
last fall. In fact, only 20,000 tons of rice was
imported and only 10,000 tons had to be used,
according to American economists.
The Nixon Administration has asked Con-
gress for $75-million in economic aid to
Cambodia for the fiscal year beginning
July 1, twice this fiscal year's amount.
But the Cambodian budget is at a large
deficit because of the war, and unrest is
growing among low-paid civil servants and
salaried workess whose pay has not kept up
with inflation. In the last few weeks, for
example, there have been a series of strikes
for higher wages in Government ministries-
something inconceivable in the early days
of the republic.
The unrest within the Government and in
political movements outside it has been
matched by a growth in the ranks of the
Cambodian Communists, who are fighting
against the Government forces alongside the
North Vietnamese and Vietcong in the occu-
pied parts of the country.
The number of members of Khmer Rouge,
the Cambodian Communist force, is now
estimated at at least 30,000. "There has been
a growth, a development of the movement,
which, we think, has serious longer-term
meaning for the country," an American
diplomat said. "But the Government seems
to resist the notion that the way to stand
up to them is to fight them hard."
Both Mr. In Tam and Marshal Lon Nol,
in their campaign statements, emphasized
that they wished for a reconciliation with
the Cambodian Communists but neither of-
fered any detailed proposals for achieving
a reconciliation. One Western diplomat even
said, "I don't think it's certain that even if
the Vietnam war ended by negotiations, the
war in Cambodia would necessarily end at
the same time."
All the Cambodian factions seem to realize
that, ever since Tchenla 2, it is futile to talk
of chasing the North Vietnamese out of the
country and that peace will not come to
Cambodia before it comes to Vietnam-in
the framework of an internationally guaran-
teed settlement.
The outlook for the future, according to
diplomats here, is that the Cambodian forces
will offer only token resistance to the Viet-
namese Communists, reoccupying lost terri-
tory only when the enemy abandons it, and
leaving again-as the Cambodian Army has
done in the last two months in Svayrieng
and Preyveng provinces near the Vietnamese
border-when the North Vietnamese want
that territory. It is already a kind of de facto
truce.
Mr. President there is another aspect
of the situation there which gives me
concern. I had a colloquy with Senator
SPARKMAN and Senator MANSFIELD, con-
cerning the handling of our military
assistance in Cambodia. This colloquy
took place on December 22, 1970 when
the conference report on the first Cam-
bodian aid authorization was adopted in
the Senate. The focus of the colloquy
was on the question of avoiding the
establishment of a large U.S. military
organization in Cambodia to run the
MAP program. I quote that colloquy be-
cause it is quite interesting and instruc-
tive in light of the actual situation we
find today:
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the Senator
yield for a question?
Mr. MANSFIELD. I yield.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I am very inter-
ested to know whether the statement made
by the managers on the part of the House,
which is now before the Senate on this
Cambodian matter, would or would not con-
template the existence of what is called the
MAG-that is, a Military Assistance Group-
in Cambodia. There is much concern here
that once one of these Military Assistance
Groups is put in, it is the beginning of a
chain of action that leads to troops.
The particular statement on the part of
the managers relates to U.S. military per-
sonnel provided to supervise the distribution
and care of U.S. military supplies and equip-
ment delivered to Cambodia.
That can be done, of course, by individuals
operating out of the military section of the
embassy or by a MAO.
Mr. MANSFIELD, It is my understanding
that it does not include a MAO, that it will
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 10112
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE June 23, 1972
be done by the military attaches In the Em-
bassy.
Mr. JAvrrs. I thank the Senator.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, will the Sen-
ator yield?
Mr. JAvrrs. I yield.
Mr. :PARKMAN. I am glad the Senator
brought that up. As a matter of fact, I was
going to bring it up.
Of course, the Senator knows that the
managers on the part of the Senate do
not file a report or a statement. The man-
agers on the part of the House do.
I am certain that the Senator will agree
with me that their statement does not neces-
sarily constitute law.. That just happens to
be a unilateral Interpretation that they have
given to this, and we certainly had nothing
of this in mind. In fact, I believe it was
clearly stated in our discussions in the com-
mittee that this work would be handled by
aides out of the Embassy.
Mr. JQ.Vrrs. That Is the important point.
Mr. SPARKMAN. They have it, for one thing,
in the latter part, where it refers to train-
ing Cambodians in South Vietnam. There
is nothing in the measure that would point
this up or that would dispute it. It is my
understanding that we are doing that now.
This measure, as I interpret it, does not
affect that,
Mr. J+vrrs. I should like to say to the
Senator that I support the conference re-
port, that I think they have rendered the
country a great service in settling this matter.
I understand Senator AIKEN'S worries, and
I agree with him. But I believe that, as we
talked originally in an effort to settle this
matter, when things lean on each other, they
probably will work out. We have many other
recourses if they do not.
Mr. SPARKMAN. Speaking of these reports,
I think it is understandable that reports of
different. kinds and rumors get out. During
the last several days, under the management
of our coach and general manager, we have
had many conferences-sometimes several
conferences in the same day-and it is very
easy for rumors or reports to get out which
do not necessarily state the true conditions.
Mr. J,,vxTs. I think it is important for the
Senate ghat Senator SPARKMAN and Senator
MANSFIELD express it authoritatively, that
this language does not indicate the existence
of any understanding that there will be a
MAO; but, on the contrary, that an under-
standing does exist that if any military per-
sonnel are required, it will be personnel
operatirg out of the military section of the
embassy
Mr. SPARKMAN. Of course, the effect of a
statement such as this, or a statement by
one of as, if we made it, would affect the
legislation only in the event that it is am-
biguous. I do not think the proposed legis-
lation I; ambiguous. Certainly, we threshed
it out tioroughly on the floor of the Senate
when w: were debating the measure. I think
it is cle sr and can be understood easily.
Mr. J,,vxTS. I think the Senator has made a
fine record on it, and I thank him very much.
Mr. president, the situation seems to
have tuned out quite differently from
what we intended. In this regard, let me
quote briefly from a recent report of the
Foreign Relations Committee:
On January 31, 1971, a Military Equipment
Delivery Team Cambodia (MEDTC) was
formed to administer the program. The Chief
of the MEDTC and his staff were located in
Saigon, but 16 and later an additional 7
MEDTC officers were stationed in Phnom
Penh. In July 1971? the MERTC Chief, a
Brigadier General, moved to Phnom Penh,
and the MERTO element in Cambodia was
raised ;o its present strength. In Phnom
Penh, there are now 43 MEDTC personnel (50
are authorized and up to 12 more have been
approved by the Executive Branch). There
are 63 other MEDTC personnel at MACV in
Saigon. Of the 12 new personnel, 4 will be
used to monitor third-country national con-
tracts (50 additional third-country nationals
will be hired to train Cambodians in logis-
tics), 4 to monitor training, 3 to be assigned
to help advise on port operations at Kom-
pong Som and 1 will be a fiscal specialist who
will monitor the military uses portion of the
Public Law 480 agreements (these agree-
ments are discussed below).
Although American military personnel in
the MEDTC seem to be acutely aware of the
prohibition against their acting as advisors
or participants in the planning and execu-
tion of tactical operations, they are never-
theless, deeply involved as advisors or organi-
zers in activities such as force iplanning, mili-
tary budgeting, logistics and training. As
noted above, 11 of the 12 new MEDIC per-
sonnel will be involved in logistics and train-
ing activities.
I have heard that the spirit of the law
has been stretched even further in that
U.S. military personnel who are train-
ing Cambodian troops in South Vietnam
sometimes accompany those Cambodian
forces back to Cambodia, and at the bor-
der these U.S. trainers become members
of MEDTC. If this is sp, I question
whether it is not tantamount to a viola-
tion of the law.
I know we are at war, and I am in favor
of supporting the South Vietnamese fi-
nancially, assuming they can remain
viable. I know that could include ARVN
military actions in Cambodia. I have no
objection per se to that, Mr. President;
and I believe that is probably the gen-
erality of opinion in the Senate.
But that is a very different thing from
backing into a war by getting involved
ourselves in Cambodia, whether directly
or indirectly through advisers or in some
other way, so that we inevitably somehow
acquire a "national commitment," and it
is said the national "honor" is at stake,
as the President has expressed it, or his
honor as President is at stake, and the
powers of his office. We get all involved
in our own dialectic, and next thing you
know you have had it, you are in an-
other Vietnam fighting to honor another
"commitment."
Mr. President, I make these remarks
only by way of expressing the hope that
provisions such as the ones addressed
by Senator DOMINICK's, amendment
may be obviated by a much closer rela-
tion, between the appropriate commit-
tees of Congress, in this case, the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee. I do not
relish the idea of locking; this into law,
which does have a tendency to put U.S.
policy in something of a bind-Senator
DoMINICK and his associates are strongly
calling our attention to that, and I un-
derstand it perfectly-but it is brought
about by a long-standing and long pro-
ceeding series of events which erode a
sense of feeling on the part of those who
have responsibility to the Senate for for-
eign policy, insofar as we ourselves par-
ticipate in it, that they really know what
is going on.
As regards the Cambodia situation, I
am considering whether there is an ap-
propriate amendment to i introduce to
clear up the anomolies and ambiguities I
have discussed.
Mr. President, I hope v4ry much it is
In this area that we can make the most
progress, and can be instructed by what
has here occurred, in showing how ur-
gently necessary it is that we be
informed.
Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, will some-
one yield me 3 or 4 minutes?
Mr. DOMINICK. I am happy to yield to
the Senator from Kentucky.
Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, first I
wish to ask a question of the distin-
guished Senator from Colorado. Does
the Senator's amendment strike sub-
section (b) on page 8 also?
Mr. DOMINICK. Yes, it does.
Mr. COOPER. I am glad it does, be-
cause even if we had to vote on the total
section, I intended to ask that (a) and
(b) be severed for a separate vote. I do
not believe we have a constitutional
right to require the President of the
United States to provide the Congress
to report, at least in advance, on de-
tailed military operations.
But to go to the subject which the
Senator from New York (Mr. JAVITS)
has just been ably discussing.
I should like to point out that we
learned-I am sure that some Members
of the Senate knew before-sometime
in 1967 and 1968 about our operations
in Laos. These operations began in 1962
or 1963 under the administration of
President Kennedy, and have continued
since that time.
I recall that on August 12-1968, I
offered an amendment to prohibit the
use of any U.S. forces in support of
Thailand or Laos, to prevent the ex-
pansion of the Vietnam war, excluding
Cambodia, because at that time Cam-
bodia was considered a neutral country.
The amendment was adopted unani-
mously by the Senate, although we were
told at that time by Senator STENNIS
that Secretary Laird had reported that
it was not of any effect. Later I dis-
covered why it was not-because my
use of the term "U.S. Forces" evidently
did not include the use of CIA forces.
I support the modification of the Sen-
ator from Colorado, but I do want to
point out a contradictory position. Evi-
dently, we are supporting this amend-
ment because we are at war and opera-
tions are going on in Laos which we are
not willing to interrupt because we are
at war, and evidently because we con-
sider it would endanger our forces,
whether CIA in Laos or regular U.S.
forces in South Vietnam, are not willing
to strike all funds for Laos and to stop
this operation.
I simply point out that it is contra-
dictory to adopt this kind of measure
with respect to Laos, and to vote then
for an amendment to take our troops out
of Vietnam by August 31, 1972, where
they are certainly at war and could be
greatly endangered by a sudden evacua-
tion. I have supported most of such pro-
posals, with the exception of the Hat-
field-McGovern amendments and then
because of my opposition to a fixed date
I have always believed that the fiat and
clear way is to adopt an amendment
which says, "Take all our forces out. Stop
the war and prohibit funds except for
withdrawal." I have believed there would
be a greater possibility of getting prison-
ers of war back and of having a peaceful
settlement. The situation since the mas-
sive attack by North Vietnam has
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 23, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
changed and our remaining forces have
been placed in danger. This is evidently
recognized by the pending amendment.
The same argument must be considered
when the Mansfield amendment comes
up.
Mr. DOMINICK. Mr. President, I thank
the Senator from Kentucky for his sup-
port.
I think it is only proper to say that
a number of difficulties are Involved in
the proposal as it was originally written
in this bill, not the least of which, of
course, is the question of jurisdiction, as
to who is going to take care of the situ-
ation with regard to Laos and Vietnam.
I appreciate the Senator's support.
I can understand the concern of a
number of Senators as to whether or
not we are-getting involved. I think it
Is only fair to say, in support of the
President, that he has been getting us
disinvolved, as opposed to involved,
compared to what was going on in previ-
ous years. His thesis is that if we are
going to maintain the opportunity of
freedom in these areas, the only way
It can be done properly is by giving as-
sistance, so that the governments which
are trying to provide a method of dig-
nity and decent livelihood for their peo-
ple will have both the economic and the
military strength to offset attacks from
outside. This seems to me to be a far
more fruitful way, so far as we are con-
cerned, than sending our own troops in
and trying to contain something in the
event of an actual battle.
I thank the Senator from Kentucky. I
just wanted to make those few remarks
for the RECORD.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, the
Case amendment, as included in the
committee bill, did not prohibit financing
foreign troops in Laos, South Vietnam,
or Thailand. All it did was to require
prior congressional authorization.
I say in all sincerity, however, that it
does not really make much difference
what type and character of legislation
we pass on this floor with respect to such
a matter, because the record will show
that regardless, the administration will
do what it wants to do, in spite of any
legislation, even though that legislation
has been signed by the President.
This matter came up in last year's
across-the-board reduction in supporting
assistance which, of course, included
Vietnam, and was enacted into law. It is
Interesting to note, what has happened
In the course of the past year in connec-
tion with the assistance that has been
given Vietnam.
Direct gross economic assistance now
being asked for is the most ever, more
than three quarters of a billion dollars.
In previous years, the United States
has supported the economy of Vietnam
in three principal ways-through the
commercial import program, through
Public Law 480, and through the pur-
chase of piasters by the Department of
Defense and American servicemen. The
last of these sources, which in the past
financed a large share of the deficit in
the Government of Vietnam's balance of
trade-$700 million in Imports versus $13
million In exports last year-no doubt
will decline in 1972 because of the reduc-
tion of American Forces.
The decline in Vietnamese dollar earn-
ings from the Department of Defense
and U.S. troop spending had been ex-
pected to begin in 1971; but, as a result
of congressional decided upon reductions
in the fiscal year 1972 aid program, sev-
eral interesting steps were taken to
maintain Vietnamese dollar earnings
from these sources at high levels.
Defense Department procurement
practices were changed to increase in-
country contracting and purchases. The
exchange rate for official purchases of
piasters was kept at a level of 118 to the
dollar rather than being increased as had
been planned, thus in effect providing
right there the Vietnamese Government
with a substantial additional subsidy.
As a result of these policies, official U.S.
Government dollar expenditures in 1971
amounted to a total of $271 million. If
the official exchange rate had been
changed to the 275 rate used in other
transactions, Defense Department ex-
penditures could have been reduced to
$116 million. The expenditures in Viet-
nam would have been even lower if pro-
curement policies had not been changed.
While the official exchange rate re-
mained at 118 until April 1972, the ex-
change rate for personal purchase of
piasters for dollars was increased to 275
in October 1970. This change brought
about a great increase in personal ex-
change transactions in 1971 which pro-
vided $132 million in dollar exchange for
the use of the Vietnamese Government.
These various moves, that is, $132 mil-
lion in personal dollar exchanges and the
$271 million in Department of Defense
purchases involving Defense Department
and personnel spending and Vietnamese
exchange rates brought Vietnamese dol-
lar earnings in 1971 to an all time high of
$403 million despite the congressional
cut in aid funds.
In other words, I say again that it
does not really make any difference what
we do here on this floor. The matter will
be handled by the administration the
way they see fit regardless of any legis-
lation. From the standpoint of the con-
stitutional rights of the Senate, how-
ever that should give us cause for
thought.
For example, last year this adminis-
tration spent more than $100 million in
financing Thai troops in Laos. We had
passed a law providing that that type
and character of payment to mercenaries
could not be made. The law says mer-
cenaries cannot be financed by the
United States to fight in Laos.
When we heard Thais were fighting in
Laos, and paid by the United States,
we sent out investigators. They went up
to one Thai soldier and said, "Why are
you here?" The soldier replied, "Because
I was ordered to come here." The inves-
tigator said, "Well, is that the only rea-
son you are here?" The soldier replied,
"Why would I want to come if I was
not ordered to do so?"
They asked another Thai soldier, sup-
posed to be a volunteer-and that word
"volunteer" is the word used to evade
the law-"Why are you here?" The sol-
S 10113
dier replied, "Because I could not find a
job to support my family if I did not
accept their request to come here."
So there you have the reason Thai
soldiers are fighting in Laos.
This year, again, we are asking for
about the same amount of heavy mon-
ey to keep these mercenaries fighting in
Laos.
Let me ask what the function of the
Senate is, if we pass laws that stipulate
one thing as to how the taxpayers money
is used, but, regardless of the law, the
administration does what it pleases.
In this case, it actually goes beyond
that particular aspect. In order to avoid
the reduction the Congress made in the
AID program, the administration has
manipulated the exchange rates to the
point where the dollar earnings of the
Vietnam Government were kept at an
all time high, despite the congressional
reduction.
Many people, when you ask them to
name the country that has received the
most aid, will say, "Yes." When you say
"Which one?" they generally say "In-
dia." But that is not true. The country
that has received by far the most eco-
nomic and military aid from the United
States, aside from the cost of the war,
is South Vietnam.
That does not worry me so much as
the fact that, after we pass a law and it
is clear what the intent of that law is,
our investigators find that law has been
deliberately violated.
That is why I support the Case amend-
ment. Mr. President, if the press is right,
and the press has been right more times
than anyone else, we have no more com-
bat ground troops in Vietnam. So what
we are supporting now is the great air
and naval war, air conducted in the main
out of Thailand; much bigger than be-
fore. The naval war conducted off the
shores, in the Gulf of Tonkin, is much
bigger than ever before. Now we are
even asking for about the same money
as last year to finance mercenaries in
Laos, still against the law.
This unfortunate development is one
which every Senator, regardless of party,
should give serious consideration; that is
the reason he is here in the Senate.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, I re-
cognize the situation. I only wish to make
the comment that I think the first effort
in trying to restrict the use of American
funds to pay for mercenaries fighting in
Laos was an amendment which I offered.
The intent of that amendment has been
evaded by the Government, by semantic
gymnastics, calling the mercenaries
"local forces." We are all familiar with
that, so I am under no illusions that what
we put into the law will be carried out.
With respect to the provision spon-
sored by the Senator from New Jersey,
which amendment I am in great sym-
pathy with and approve of but, neverthe-
less, I recognize his reasons-everyone
looks at this matter from his own point
of view. I have no criticism of his being
willing to accept the provisions of the
amendment offered by the Senator from
Colorado, but I personally oppose the
amendment, because I think that this
program of continuing to spend ever-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
S 10114 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 23, 1972
increasing amounts of money to hire mer-
cenaries to fight in a lost cause will only
serve to bankrupt the Nation and pro-
long the agony of the war in Vietnam and
Indochina. I have very little hope that
these troops will make a decisive differ-
ence. The reports from Laos support this
view. in fact, I do not understand quite
why the Government continues the war
in Indochina. It is becoming more and
more difficult for me to understand what
purpo,;e they have in mind by continu-
ing the war and not bringing it to a
close. But that is a broad question.
On the pending amendment, I oppose
It, for whatever it is worth. I oppose it on
the principle that I do not think our
country should spend the kind of money
it is spending to hire Thai soldiers to
fight in a cause which we initiated in
Laos. Nor do I approve of hiring Thais
or Koreans to fight in Vietnam or in
Cambodia.
We have debated this matter before.
We put a prohibition in the law and the
administration has found a way of evad-
ing it. I thought it was rather interesting
that the Senator from Colorado himself
referred to these troops as "foreign
troops," whereas the administration, in
its evasion of the original provision, has
called them "local forces."
It is about the some sort of difference
beetween a "bombing raid" and a "pro-
tective reaction strike." The terms are
identical but they are used to hoodwink
the pubic.
I do not know that there is anything
further to say, except that I disapprove
of the use of our money as now esti-
mated to be over $100 million in payment
to Thai troops to fight in Laos. I thor-
oughly disapprove of it.
That is about all I care to say at this
time,
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, will
the Senator from Arkansas yield for a
question?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. I yield.
Mr. SYMINGTON. The able Senator
from Arkansas, a former chairman of
the Senate Banking and Currency Com-
mittee, knows plenty about our financial
situation. He knows also that the House
has just passed a bill which we under-
stand is favored by the administration,
to give $29 billion back to the States in
the form of revenue sharing. He knows
that, whereas 20 years ago we had $25
billion in gold and owed but $7 billion
redeemable in gold, today we have $10
billion in gold and owe-depending on
how one figures it-from $35 billion to
$60 billion. He knows, too, that the
mayors of nearly all our large cities are
frank in saying their cities are bank-
rupt. He knows that the States cannot
spend more money, under their State
constitutions, than they take in in taxes.
I would ask the able former chairman
of the Senate Banking and Currency
Committee, does he know where we are
going to get the money to continue these
gigantic expenditures in Cambodia,
Thailand, Laos, and various other coun-
tries with whom we are not yet at war.
As a matter of fact, we are not officially
at war in Vietnam, either. In any case,
does not the Senator agree that it is
easier to get $1 billion to put into this
military effort in the Far East than to
get, say, $100,000 for schools and roads
in the Senator's State of Arkansas, or
roads and schools for Missouri?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. The Senator from
Missouri is absolutely right. Senators can
get up on the floor of the Senate and
propose an amendment increasing the
amount for military programs without
any hearings, without any evidence
whatever, and get it adopted.
We cannot begin to get $100,000 for
the State of Missouri or for the State of
Arkansas without long hearings, plus an
authorization bill and an appropriation
bill. There is quite an obsession in Con-
gress with regard to anything of a for-
eign, military nature. Such a matter can
be easily passed here. We have done it
time and again.
I thought about this this morning on
my way to work. I was caught in the
traffic jam like nearly everyone else. We
see examples where there Is a rainstorm
and everything is disrupted. With the
great technological advances that the
United States has made, we can get to
the moon. However, we cannot make ar-
rangements to get to our offices under
adverse weather conditions. It normally
takes me 10 minutes. However, this
morning it took me over an hour be-
cause of the recent storm.
It is amazing when one considers how
this Nation has wasted its resources all
around the world. The pending amend-
ment is an example of it. What good
does it do to pay more money to hire
people to fight a war which we want to
end?
The taxpayers must bear the cost of
all of this. And if the cost is not paid out
of their taxes, some money Is borrowed,
and our children and grandchildren will
pay for it.
I have no Idea what good can come out
of hiring Thais to fight in Laos.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Does not the for-
mer chairman of the Senate Committee
on Banking and Currency believe that
a viable economy, with a sound dollar,
is as important to true national security
of the United States as is defending
the countries of Laos, Cambodia, Thai-
land, South Vietnam with billions upon
billions of dollars, and little or no help
from our allies? Even that help we pay
for.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, in-
deed they are. On the other hand Laos
has not the slightest relation to our own
security, none whatever.
The soundness of our economy is the
basis of our strength. The idea has some-
how developed that national security is
solely military in character, which is
simply not true. The military itself is
dependent on a strong economy to pay
for their expenditures. We are sacrificing
for the military by exaggerating the sig-
nificance of this war.
Our nuclear weapons are a good ex-
ample. We do not dare to use them.
We could drop an atomic bomb on North
Vietnam. We could incinerate it all at
once. Instead, we are doing it piecemeal.
These countries are not significant to
our security. I do not think that anyone
can make a case that they are.
Laos does not make any difference at
all to the security of our Nation. I do not
believe it makes any difference to the
United States what happens to Laos.
Does the Senator from Missouri think
that it does?
Mr. SYMINGTON. It does not. The
able Senator from Arkansas has ex-
pressed my position better than I have.
Does the Senator from Arkansas be-
lieve we will continue to spend our dol-
lars at the rate of more than $100 mil-
lion a year to finance these troops in
Laos after we possibly have reached some
agreement with North Vietnam? What
are the ideas of the able Senator with
respect to our employing our own mili-
tary forces and mercenaries in the Far
East despite the increasing surge of vari-
ous demands at home, even if we do reach
an agreement to end this Vietnam
tragedy?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. That depends on
the election this fall. I have no control
over that. If President Nixon wins re-
election, we will continue to be there, I
suppose. For what reason I do not
understand.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Nor do I at this
stage.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. If the country
wishes to discontinue this kind of pol-
icy, it can express itself. We will have an
opportunity to do so this fall.
We have tried to stop the war. The
Senator from Missouri has been one of
the leading figures in trying to bring this
war to an end. and to show the disas-
trous effects of it. But we have been un-
able to do it. It is up to the American
people in November to make their choice
as to whether they want to continue the
war and to continue our sacrifices, not
being able to do what we want to do and
not having decent roads and transpor-
tation systems here at home.
I heard on the radio this morning, hav-
ing to listen to it in the car, that towns
in Virginia and Pennsylvania are with-
out water and without water systems.
Their bridges are out.
All of this is obviously a sign that some-
one had not foreseen and prepared for
an emergency of this kind. In the mean-
time, we are engaged in the war in Viet-
nam, and I guess the cost now would
approach $200 billion. We are pouring
out money in the amount of hundreds of
millions of dollars. The Senator from
Missouri knows it better than anyone
else. It Is so incomprehensible and irra-
tional that I do not know how to com-
ment on it in a reasonable way. It is
almost impossible to do so.
Mr. SYMINGTON. I remember, back
in 1961 at the time General Taylor and
Mr. Rostow made their famous trip to
Saigon. I was there then also and a mem-
ber of the AID program said, "Let me
show you the way the taxpayers' money
is being spent out here." We went out
and saw a beautiful cloverleaf on one
of the roads, the type you see where
there is heavy traffic in this country. We
took out our watches to observe the
amount of traffic. With this beautiful
addition to the roads and economy of
Vietnam, to the profit of certain Ameri-
can contractors and others, exactly
three cars utilized that cloverleaf In 15
minutes. That was in 1961, at the very
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B i0415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
June 23, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE
beginning of what has been going on
ever since.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, I can
agree with the Senator on the absurdity
of such extravagance. However, I be-
lieve that is better than the cost of these
20 million craters that we have made in
Vietnam. Those craters are 20 feet deep
and 30 or 40 feet across. They are all
across that country. I think that even the
example of the cloverleaf, while it is an
excellent example, Is a little less extrava-
gant than the craters we have formed In
that country and the forests that we have
destroyed and defoliated. I would rather
have the cloverleaf than the other.
The whole thing is so irrational in my
mind. People cannot believe it. It is so
far out that most American people refuse
to believe it. It revolts them so that they
will not believe it. They think that it
could not be true that their country
would do a thing like that.
Mr. President, I would venture to say
that if we could really look into the
minds of the American people, the ma-
jority of them would say that this could
not be true, that their country would
not do such a thing.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, I
ask the Senator from Arkansas, the for-
mer chairman of the Senate Committee
on Banking and Currency if he does not
believe the time will soon come when the
American people will be forced to believe
it because our economy is suffering so
heavily as a result of the tremendous ex-
port of jobs and dollars. This has been
going on now to the tun( of tens of bil-
lions of dollars a year for over a quarter
of a century.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. The Senator from
Missouri is correct. Because of our ac-
cumulated wealth 15 or 20 years ago, it
is hard for the people to believe what
has happened In the last decade.
We are going through a period of in-
flation and enormous budget deficits. We
are adding daily to the national debt.
The administration is now asking for
another $15 billion increase. They want
an overall debt ceiling of $465 billion.
The situation may not appear quite
so bad because during an inflationary
period, people think that they are get-
ting richer. They look at the price of
stocks and at the price of land. They
think that they are better off. The col-
lapse will come later.
As the Senator from Missouri knows,
it has taken place time after time in oth-
er countries. At the moment, people
think that we are fairly well off. We see
the reports in the newspaper prophesiz-
ing better business conditions. It will be
some time before we have to pay for the
kind of extravagance we have been go-
ing through in the last 10 years. But the
day of reckoning will come.
Mr. SYMINGTON, Is it not true that
the interest on the debt today is the
third largest component cost to the
American taxpayer in the Federal budg-
et?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Yes; some $20 bil-
lion. The Senator is correct. That is pay-
ment for past military expenditures. At
present it is $83 billion. Those figures do
not include, for example, the care for
veterans, which will go on for the next
50 years.
Mr. CASE. Mr. President, will the Sen-
ator yield?
Mr. FULBRIGHT. I yield the floor, if
the Senator wishes. Or does the Senator
wish to ask a question?
Mr. CASE. I just want to say a few
things. First, I appreciate very much the
friendly reference to my participation in
the particular amendment and the un-
derstanding of my position, which the
Senator has expressed.
I understand fully his unwillingness
to go along with it, especially because of
his experience wtih the 1970 amendment
of which he was the sponsor and by
which Congress directed that money not
be spent for mercenaries in Laos.
The Dominick amendment would
limit the effectiveness of the particular
section to Thailand. In the judgment of
the Senator from New Jersey, and this
is his only difference with his chairman,
it is worth getting that restriction into
law, and getting that restriction into
law is better than getting nothing.
For that reason the Senator from New
Jersey has agreed to this compromise.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. I want to make it
clear that everyone tries to do what he
can. I think the Senator's objective is
the same as mine.
I have about given up hope of in-
fluencing the administration. We already
have a prohibition in the law but by
semantic gymnastics the administration
has evaded it; they pay no attention to
it. I do not know how we can do any
more.
I go along with the Senator's original
effort, and I do not question this modi-
fication In any way.
Ever since I was in grade school and
read about the Hessians I have had a
fixation about mercenaries. I think it
unfair that we have other people to fight
wars. If people believe in it they should
fight the wars themselves.
Evidently, we do not believe in it; we
hold back, but at the same time we pay
these poor people in Thailand to go there
and fight. They do not do a good job.
Their hearts are not in it. They pick up
a few hundred dollars. I am sure they
are not going to prevail and win free-
dom for Laos any more than the Hes-
sians did for England.
It is a futile operation to try to get
this administration to abide by existing
law, but we do the best we can.
Mr. DOMINICK. Mr. President, at the
request of the distinguished Senator
from Tennessee (Mr. BAKER), I ask
unanimous consent that a statement by
him in support of my amendment be
printed in the RECORD.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
STATEMENT BY SENATOR BAKER
I support the compromise amendment of-
fered by the distinguished junior Senator
from Colorado regarding Section 516 of the
Foreign Assistance Bill. That section, which
would require prior Congressional authoriza.
tion for U.S. assistance to foreign troops op-
erating in Laos, Thailand, and North Viet-
nam, comes at a very delicate time in the
tragic history of U.S. Involvement in that
conflict for seldom, if ever, have conditions
been as conducive to bringing a just and
honorable end to the war as they are today.
I realize, of course, that hopes have been
falsely raised many times before and I am not
S 10115
contending that peace in Southeast Asia is
just around the corner, but I am saying that
there is substantial reason for hope and that
hope can only be enhanced by not limiting
the power of the President which Is what
Section 515 would do. A brief examination
of the record should help prove why recent
developments make striking Section 515 of
the bill a reasonable and responsible thing to
do.
On the military front, after 71 long and
courageous days of fighting, the Beige at An
Loc has been lifted. Kontum, which at one
point appeared destined to fall, now seems to
be in no immediate danger. The prized pro-
vincial capital of Hue which also appeared
doomed for destruction now seems to have
been converted from a defensive fortress into
a staging ground for sporadic attacks by the
South Vietnamese Army into enemy-held
Quang Tri province-attacks which, though
limited, have succeeded in keeping the North
Vietnamese army off guard.
In addition, the massive bombing of enemy
targets in the North and South combined
with the comprehensive mining of North
Vietnamese waters has served to significantly
reduce the strength of the North Vietnamese
invasion as well as cause some disagreement
over current policy among Hanoi's top offi-
cials. It would be historically naive, perhaps,
to believe that the increased bombing and
mining had broken the will of the North
Vietnamese, but it is safe to say that it has
caused a careful re-examination of their
policies, especially in light of other diplo-
matic activity.
The President's trip to Moscow apparently
convinced the Soviet leadership that he was
totally serious about ending the war and that
seriousness was later conveyed to the Hanoi
leadership when Soviet President Podgorny
visited North Vietnam for several days of
talks last week. Upon the conclusion of those
talks, President Podgorny said that the Soviet
Union "will do everything possible for a de-
escalation of the Vietnam war." Such a desire
on the part of the Soviets is entirely con-
sistent with their increasing interest in re-
ducing spending in Southeast Asia to meet
more pressing needs in other parts of the
world and at home.
Moreover, Dr, Henry Kissinger is currently
In Peking conducting substantive discussions
with the Chinese leadership in an effort to
obtain a commitment to de-escalate, similar
to that of the Soviet Union. Although it most
likely will be very difficult to determine
whether we actually received such a clear
commitment, the Chinese also have domestic
needs that require greater attention and
there is certainly reason to believe that the
Chinese will be interested in ending the
Vietnam War.
All of these factors are reasons why the
North Vietnamese might, in the near future,
be willing to seriously discuss the President's
latest peace proposals and if such willing-
ness is forthcoming, we should be prepared.
The President's latest offer would most likely
leave the North Vietnamese in control of
most or all of the territory they have gained
or held since the offensive began and in an
effort to minimize their gains, it is necessary
to continue assistance to the Thai irregulars
who are fighting with Lao and tribal forces
to keep Laos from falling to the North Viet-
namese. Their success as a fighting force has
helped protect not only Thailand, but also
South Vietnam as well.
Section 515 of the Foreign Assistance Bill
would require Congressional authorization
for these on-going, vital efforts and such a
process could be extremely time-consuming
and costly at this very delicate point in the
war. I do not object specifically to the inten-
tion of Section 515 in involving the Congress
in future such operations, but under the
circumstances of this situation, I feel very
strongly that an attempt to limit the Presi-
dent's power at this time would be the height
of irresponsibility and it Is for this reason
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
S 10116 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE
that I support the compromise offered by the
Senator from Colorado,
:M.Wr. DOMINICK. Mr. President, if
there are no further comments I move
that the amendment be agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques-
tion is on agreeing to the amendment.
(Putting the question.)
The noes appear to have it.
Mr. YOUNG. I ask for a division.
Mr. DOMINICK, I did not understand
what the Chair said.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The noes
appear to have it.
Mr. YOUNG. I am on my feet asking
for a division.
M.r. DOMINICK. Let us have a stand-
ing vote.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. All in fa-
vor of the amendment will stand and be
counted.
Mr. YOUNG. I ask for the yeas and
nay:;
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The yeas
and nays are requested. Is there a suffi-
cient second? There is not a sufficient
second.
Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
Mr. DOMINICK. Standing vote, Mr.
President.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ab-
sencE of a quorum has been suggested.
The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll,
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. CASE. Mr. President, I ask for a
division on the vote.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. A division
has been requested. All in favor of the
amendment will please stand. Those op-
posed will please stand.
The amendment is agreed to.
Mr. CASE. Mr. President, I move to
reconsider the vote by which the amend-
ment was agreed to.
Mr. PASTORE. I move to lay that mo-
tion ort the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to. I
MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT
Messages in writing from the President
of the United States, submitting nomina-
tions, were communicated to the Senate
by Mr. Geisier, one of his secretaries.
EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED
As in executive session, the Presiding
Officer (Mr. FANNIN) laid before the
Senate messages from the President of
the United States submitting sundry
nominations, which were referred to the
appropriate committees.
(The nominations received today are
printed at the end of Senate proceed-
ings.)
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AMEND-
MENTS OF 1972
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under
the previous order, the Senate will now
proceed to the consideration of S. 3010,
which the clerk will state by title.
The legislative clerk read as follows:
A bill (S. 3010) to provide for the continua-
tion of programs authorized under the Eco-
nomic Opportunity Act of 1964, and for
other purposes.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
under the order, the distinguished Sena-
tor from Texas (Mr. TowER) was to be
recognized at this time for the purpose
of calling up his amendment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator is correct. The Senator from Texas
is not in the Chamber.
Mr. NELSON. Mr. President, I call at-
tention to the absence of a quorum.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Without prej-
udice to the Senator from Texas.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered. The clerk will
call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded..
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, It is so ordered.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask that the distinguished junior Sen-
ator from Texas (Mr. BONTSEN) may be
recognized at this time for the purpose
of calling up an amendment without
prejudice to the distinguished senior
Senator from Texas (Mir. TOWER) who,
under the order, was to be recognized to
call up two amendments in succession.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection?
Mr. TOWER. I do not object.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Texas is recognized.
AMENDMENT NO.:. 1237
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. President, I send
to the desk an amendment and ask that
it be stated.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment will be stated.
The amendment was read as follows:
At the end of the bill add the following
new section:
AMENDMENT CONCERNING CERTAIN TRAINING
PROGRAMS FOR YOrrrs
SEC. 26. Section 125(a) of the Economic
Opportunity Act of 1964 is amended by add-
ing at the end thereof the following new
sentence: "The Director shall insure that
low-income persons who reside in public
or private institutions shall be eligible for
participation in programs under this part.".
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. President, at the
outset I commend the distinguished Sen-
ator from Wisconsin (Mr NELSON) for
his work on the economic opportunity
amendments.
The committee which he chairs has
brought an urgently needed bill to the
Senate for approval. It has been refined
and perfected to meet the President's ob-
jections and it should receive overwhelm-
ing approval in this body. The programs
contained in the 1972 economic oppor-
tunity amendments are vitally important
to the poor in this Nation, and they
must be continued.
Mr. President, my amendment is very
brief and is directed at the section of the
Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, which
concerns eligibility for the Neighborhood
June 23, 1972
Youth Corps and other youth employ-
ment programs.
Essentially, the amendment would in-
sure that low-income persons who reside
in a public or private institution such as
an orphanage or a penal or correctional
institution would be eligible for partici-
pation in training and employment pro-
grams for youth.
I note with some satisfaction that the
committee has increased the authoriza-
tion- for the Neighborhood Youth Corps
by some $500 million to create 100,000
work and training opportunities in this
very vital program.
We know what the Neighborhood
Youth Corps can do, and we know how
much it has meant to low-income youth.
We also know that unemployment among
16 to 19 year olds has risen steadily since
1966 and that present projections indi-
cate that it will total over 1,800,000 in
1972, more than a 100-percent increase
since 1966.
At the same time, Mr. President, I have
been distressed by recent administrative
decisions by the Department of Labor,
and in particular the regional office in
Dallas. These decisions have led me to
offer my amendment,
On March 29, 1972, the Labor Depart-
ment's Manpower Administration in
Dallas issued a memorandum to sponsors
of youth employment programs indicat-
ing that prospective enrollees in the
Neighborhood Youth Corps who regular-
ly live in institutions, such as orphanages
or correctional institutions, would no
longer be eligible for enrollment in the
programs.
Mr. President, this seems to be a
particularly insensitive action. It is very
difficult for me to rationalize, and the
rationale offered by the Labor Depart-
ment is completely unconvincing. I re-
ceived a letter from the Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Manpower, who said that:
Residents of State or private child care
and correctional institutions are not eligi-
ble to participate in the program since it is
presumed that the supporting agency has
allocated resources to maintain their resi-
dents while in high school or for the dura-
tion of their internment.
Mr. President, If I may say so, this is
a rather shaky presumption. Letters I
have received from orphanages In Texas
indicate that the Labor Department's
reading of the situation is inaccurate at
best.
One letter from St. Margaret's Center
for Children in El Paso indicates that six
of the eight teenagers living there are
in the custody of the El Paso Child Wel-
fare Department and that the county
pays approximately $2 a day for their
upkeep.
The orphanage, which has to serve as
a substitute parent, must constantly be
searching for other resources to meet the
needs of the children in its care.
The truth is, Mr. President, that con-
ditions in various public and private in-
stitutions vary, and there is no reason
to assume that a child living in an or-
phanage, a correctional institution, or
any other public or private institution is
being given the kind of resources he
needs to give him an even break in
schooling. To exclude all of these chil-
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 5R000600080026-6 S 1607
June 23, 1972 Approved CONGRESSIONAL /RECORD DPS7 (q ATE
tions of that region. This policy goal are not asking for divisions or air sup-
tion, and lessen the overloaded burden
that existed on the backs of the taxpay-
ers of the United States. Nevertheless,
as I look at the figures that are before
me, it seems as if the trend has been
alarmingly in the opposite direction.
For 1970 we appropriated $350 mil-
lion in military grants, $70 million in
military credit sales, and $395 million
for supporting assistancq the amount
requested by the administration for
1973, just 4 years later, is more than
twice that amount-$780 million in mili-
tary grants, $527 million in military
credits, and $844 million for supporting
assistance.
The committee, in its wisdom, cut
those figures back to $600 million, $400
million, and $650 million respectively,
but the Senator from Pennsylvania eks
again to raise that military grant figire
to -$725 million and the supporting ar-
sist~?~e finure +.n t77o million_ The coin\
ilitary funds
the past as
mittee has already doubled the amount` American soldier.
which was appropriated for 1970; this My difficulty is with this
trying to implement the Nixon doctrine enu to Supply 40 or
by spreading the burden of defense costs. ernmY is in the wort
g am
this swwiling p+o
.
All these programs, as the Senator ohs have be
knows, get larger with each passing year hold their ou
this phenomena.
I call the Senator's attention to the
fact that in so doing, we have had to
yield some ground. There is $100 million
more in this bill than in last year's bill,
to start with, for military assistance. The
Senator from Pennsylvania, however,
has added a quarter of a billion dollars
more. As a consequence, unless we are
just going to throw open the door and
to impose some reasonable restrain on
behalf of the people we represent, ,who
must pay the bill, then I would t nk it
prudent for the Senate to supp rt the
committee.
Mr. BAYH. Will the Senator 11336rmit me
to interrupt for just one last question, to
get his thoughts?
Mr. CHURCH. I yield.
Mr. BAYH. This whole, "question of
mined to examine it injthe future.
A fundamental prir}ciple which must
be considered is the felationship of the
expenditures to our ,gyrational interest.
It is rather obvi6us to the Senator
from Indiana, and I am sure to the Sena-
tor from Idaho, that what happens in the
Middle East with respect to the security
and continued freedom of the State
of Israel is very much in our national
interest, and that there is a great deal
of sympathy in this country to support
that small democracy and provide them
the wherewithal to defend themselves.
That is exactly what they are doing; we
military naraware to aeIena themselves.
I do not want to be too harsh, but it
appears almost as if this very important
authorization to help sustain democracy
in Israel is being used almost as a black-
mail effort to get several times that
amount to spend we know not where and
we know not for what. Is the Senator
from Indiana too harsh in his judg-
ment?
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator is accurate
in his observation, and his statement is
certainly no more harsh than the open-
ing remarks of the distinguished minor-
ity leader. The distinguished Senator
from Indiana is quite right.
I have never had any difficulty when
, whatever mili-
What is really being asked fair here is
a quarter of a billion dollars wore to
distribute to countries which, ?'n the
main, if not almost in the entire V, are
reactionary, repressive regimes, anQ, cer-
tainly by no stretch of the imagination
could be compared to the kind of gpv-
ernment or society represented by the
Senator yield?
Mr. CHURCH. I yield.
Mr. SCOTT. Does the Senator include
the Republic of South Korea as a reac-
tionary, regressive regime?
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator from
Idaho has no particular admiration for
the Government of South Korea. There
is a great difference between that govern-
ment and the Government of Israel. I
want to say that most emphatically. The
two are not comparable at all.
Mr. SCOTT. The Senator has met the
ruler of the Kingdom of Jordan. Does he
include the Kingdom of Jordan as a reac-
tionary and regressive or recessive
regime?
Mr. CHURCH. I do not place it in the
list of flourishing democracies in the
world.
Mr. SCOTT. In other words, the Sen-
ator is condemning all these other coun-
tries which have been friends and allies
of the United States and is using that as
an argument for not keeping our given
word, as in our promise to Korea to mod=
ernize their equipment.
Mr. CHURCH. The Senator from
Idaho does not condemn any govern-
ment. The Senator from Idaho is saying
lent. It need not be increased.
A special case can be made for Israel,
because it is a very special country, faced
by a very difficult problem-the problem
of Russian-supplied military arms and
equipment to the surrounding Arab
States which are unanimously hostile to
Israel and against whom Israel has
fought several wars.
Israel's position is a special one. We
should be particularly careful to make
certain that we earmark sufficient funds
for Israel to maintain an effective and
successful military deterrent against the
outbreak of further warfare in the Mid-
dle East.
Mr. SCOTT. Would not the Senator,
then agree, that it is necessary to help
South Korea maintain an effective and
successful military deterrent against
those who might endanger its security?
Mr. CHURCH. The bill as reported by
the committee contains adequate fund-
ing for that purpose.
Mr. SCOTT. I think it is obvious that
we cannot agree-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time
of the Senator, from Idaho has expired.
The Senator from Pennsylvania has 9
minutes remaining.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask for
the yeas and nays on the motion to table.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo-
tion to table has not been offered.
Mr. CHURCH. I give notice that I
shall ask for the yeas and nays when the
motion is made.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Pennsylvania has 9 minutes
remaining.
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I yield back
the remainder of my time, and I now
move to table the substitute of the Sen-
ator from Idaho to the amendment of
0.the Senator from Pennsylvania.
`y Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask for
t hp yeas and nays on the motion to table.
tive clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, r ask for
the yeas and the nays on the motion to
table.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
i"SOS CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE .> u.ne
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques-
tion is on agreeing to the motion to table.
Ontl:$s question the yeas and the nays
have been ordered, and the clerk will call
the roll.
The assistant legislative clerk called
the roll.
r. .
M ROBERT C BYRD
announce
I
that the Senator from Georgia (Mr.
GAMBRELL), the Senator from Alaska
(Mr. GRAVEL), the Senator from South
Carolina (Mr. HOLLINGS), the Senator
from Iowa (Mr. FIUGHES), the Senator
from Minnesota (Mr. HUMPHREY), the
Senator from Hawaii (Mr. INOUYE), the
Senator from North Carolina (Mr. Jolt-
DAN), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
MANSFIELD), the Senator from Arkansas
(Mr. MCCLELLAN), the Senator from
South. Dakota (Mr. MCGOVERN), the Sen-
ator from New Hampshire (Mr. McIN-
TYRE), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
METCALF), the Senator from Maine (Mr.
MUsRIE), the Senator from Connecticut
(Mr. RIBIcoFF), and the Senator from
Utah (Mr. Moss) are necessarily absent.
I further announce that the Senator
from Louisiana (Mr. ELLENDER) is ab-
sent cn official business.
I further announce that, if present and
voting, the Senator from Iowa (Mr.
HUGHES), the Senator from Minnesota
(Mr. HUMPHREY), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. MCGOVERN), the Sen-
ator :'rom Connecticut (Mr. RisicoFF),
and the Senator from Georgia (Mr. GAM-
BRELL), would each vote "nay."
Mr. SCOTT. I announce that the Sena-
tor from Tennessee (Mr. 13ROCK), the
Senator from New Hampshire (Mr. COT-
TON), the Senator from Michigan (Mr.
GRIFFIN), the Senator from Wyoming
(Mr.:3ANSEN) , the Senator from Oregon
(Mr. HATFIELD), the Senator from Ne-
braska (Mr. HRVSR A) , and the Senator
from :Illinois (Mr. FERCY) are necessarily
absent.
They Senator front Arizona (Mr. GOLD-
wATEi.) and the Senator from South
Dakota (Mr. MUNDT) are absent because
of illness.
The Senator from Oklahoma (Mr.
BELLMON) and the Senator from Ohio
(Mr. '['AFT) are detained on official busi-
ness.
On this vote, the enator from Arizona
(Mr. GOLDWATER) is paired with the Sen-
ator from Oregon (Mr. HATFIELD). If
present and voting, the Senator from
Arizona would vote "yea" and the Sena-
tor from Oregon would vote "nay."
The result was announced-yeas 35,
nays 18, as follows:
[No. 242 Leg.]
YEAS--35
Aiken
Dominick
Schweiker
Allen
Eastland
S(_,tt
Allott
Ervin
Smith
Baker
Fannin
Sparkman
Beall
Fong
Stafford
Bennett
Gurney
Stennis
Boggs
Jordan, Idaho
Stevens
Buckley
Mathias
Talmadge
Cook
Miller
Thurmond
Cooper
Packwo?d
T. .over
Curtis
Pearson
Y,.; ung
Dole
Saxbe
NAY:3--38
Anderson
Burdl.ch
Crse
Bayh
Byrd,
Chiles
Bentsen
Hairy F., Jr.
Church
Bible
Byrd, Robert C. Cranston
Brooke
Cannon Eagleton
Fuibright
Magnuson
Randolph
Harris
McGee
Roth
Hart
Mondale
Spong
Hartke
Montoya
Stevenson
Jackson
Nelson
Symington
Javits
Pastore
Tunny
Kennedy
Pr
Weieker
Long
o
Proxmire
Williams
NOT VOTING--27
Bellmon
Brock
Hollings
McIntyre
Cotton
Hruska
Metcalf
Moss
Gambrel!
Humphrey
Mundt
Goldwater
Inouye
Muskie
Gravel
Jordan. N.C.
Percy
Griffin
Mansfield
Ribicoff
Hansen
McClellan
Taft
So the motion to table the Church
amendment was rejeoted
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
KENNEDY). The question occurs on
agreeing to the Church amendment to
the Scott amendment. All time has ex-
pired.
Mr. PASTORE. Mr. President, I ask
for the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays wore ordered.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the amend-
ment of the Senator from Pennsylvania,
as modified. On this question the yeas
and nays have been ordered, and the
clerk will call the roll.
The second assistant legislative clerk
called the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I announce
that the Senator from Georgia (Mr.
GAMBRELL), the Senator from Alaska
(Mr. GRAVEL), the Senator from South
Carolina (Mr. HoLLINGS) the Senator
from Iowa (Mr. HUGHES), the Senator
from Minnesota (Mr. HUMPHREY), the
Senator from Hawaii (Ml'. INOUYE), the
Senator from North Carolina (Mr. JOR-
DAN), the Senator from Montana (Mr.
MANSFIELD), the Senator from Arkansas
(Mr. MCCLELLAN), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. McGOvERN), the Sen-
ator from Montana. (Mr.: METCALF), the
Senator from Utah (Mr. Moss), the Sen-
ator from Maine (Mr. MUSKIE), the Sen-
ator from Connecticut Mr. RrsicoFF 1 ,
the Senator from New Hampshire (Mr.
MCINTYRE), and the Senator from l ou-
isiana (Mr. ELLENDER) are absent on offi-
cial business.
If urther announc.i" that, if Present and
voting, the Senator from Iowa (Mr.
HUGHES), the Senator from Minnesota
(Mr. HUMPHREY), the Senator from
South Dakota (Mr. McGot'ERN), the Sen-
ator from Connecticut ('vIr. RlsrcoFF),
and the Senator from ! Georgia (Mr.
GAMBRELL) would each vote "yea."
Mr. SCOTT. I announce that the Sen-
ator from Tennessee (AV. BROCK). the
Senator from New Itamp3hire (Mr. Coi-
TON), the Senator from Michigan (M-_.
GRIFFIN), the Senator from Wyoming
(Mr. HANSEN), the Senator from Oregon
(Mr. HATFIELD), the Senator from Ne-
braska (Mr. HRUSKA), and the Senator
from Illinois (Mr. PERCY) are neces ax--
sly absent.
The Senator from Arizona (Mr. GOLD-
WATER) and the S enator from South
Dakota (Mr. MUNDT) are absent because
of illness.
On this vote, the Senator from Arizona.
(Mr. GOLDWATER) is paired with the Sen-
ator from Oregon (Mr. HATFIELD). If
present and voting, the ! Senator from
23, 1972
ator from Oregon would vote "yea."
The result was announced-yeas
nays 21, as follows:
[No. 243 Leg.]
YEAS--- 54
Allott
Dole
Pell
Anderson
Eagieton
Proxmire
Baker
Eastland
Randolph
Bayh
)'ulbri-b-
Roth
Bentsen
Harris
Se.xbe
Bible
Hart
Schweiker
Boggs
Hartk,!
Sparkman
Brooke
Jackson
Spong
Buckley
Javits
Stevens
Burdick
Kennedy
Stevenson
Byrd,
Long
Syiningtoa
Harry F., Jr.
Magnuson
Talmadge
Byrd, Robert C. Mathias
Thurmond
Cannon
Miller
Tower
Case
Mond ie- t
curity hil strinned of the Pres?
derv w_elfar~ r form pro-~
posals.
Trip HQ 11-5P +reanwhile, ap-
pL oved wm romise legislation
glvin tlesident_ his 're-
11 Ste
$ d Doti l0 impose a'
ceilinpa on Federal
s endin in the current fiscal
1%22J. The legislation, however,
appeared headed for further
controversy and possibly re-
jection by the Senate, thus
further delaying the ad.
journment schedule.
As a result a weary dis-
couraRedCongress tonieh? had
t2extend its cesc;on into to.
morrow and perhaps T~ h~ hursdday.
_the _Senate eat e
spending issue, an ima lent
House decided to recess until
omorrow. ?-
Debate Goes On
As the debate droned on, Sen-
ator Hugh Scott of Pennsyl
vania, the Senate Republican
leader, arose to observe:
"It's so late in the session
that words fail me. I suggest
the same course for my col
leagues."
The compromise version of
the welfare-social security bill
was one of the last major meas-
ures that Congress had to pass
before adjournment. It was ap-
proved by the. House by a vote
of 305 to 1, wlth only Repre-
sentative Olin E, Teague of
Texas, a Democrat, voting' nay,
and then by the Senate by a
vote of 61 to 0.
The legislation started out--
nearly two years ago as a
measure incorporating the Pres-
ident's welfare reform pro-
posal to. provide a guaranteed
annual income to poor families.
The concept was accepted by,
the House but rejected by the
Senate.
As the bill emerged from a
Senate-House conference com-
mittee in the form approved.
today, it was stripped of the
guaranteed annual. income
features, although it would pro-
vide a first step toward a Fed-
eral take-over of the entire
welfare program, now, financed
jointly by the Federal Govern-
ment and the states.
Instead, the bill became pri-
marily a Social Security meas-
ure, providing $6-billion in in-
creased benefits for the aged,
blind and disabled. To finance
the new benefits, the bill pro-
vides for an, increase in Social
Security taxes next, year along
with tincrease in the tax-
able wage base.
Representative Wilbur D
+Mills, chairman of the House)
-Ways and Means Committee,)
ran into objections when he at-1
tempted to rush through com-I
promise legislation establishing
the $250-billion spending cell-~
ing. The ceiling has been at-
tached as an amendment to a
bill that must be passed before
Congress adjourns, a bill that
temporarily increases the ceil-
ing on the national debt to
$465-billion.
Mr. Mills, who normally has
his way on the House floor,
attempted to call up the deft
and spending ceiling bill for
immediate consideration. But
under parliamentary rules re-
quiring unanimous consent,
Representative William D. Ford
of Michigan; one of the Demo-
cratic liberals who fear that the
spending ceiling will-mean cuts
in educational and social pro
grams, entered an objection.
,This Mr. Mills first attempted
to overlook and, then, finally
)
acknowledged.
As a result, the Arkansas;
democrat who had expected to
rush the bill through, had, to
scurry upstairs to a . hastily
called meeting of the Rules
Committee to obtain rule per-
mitting consideration of the
measure. "I am getting groggy,"
Mr. Mills observed, as he head-
ed back to the floor, with the
necessary rule in hand.
After less., than hour, of de-
bate, Mr. Mills prevailed upon,
the . House to accept the com-,
promise bill by a vote of 166+
to 137.
The House action, however,i
e could prove to be a superfluous
9 exercise, since both Democratic
and Republican leaders believe
abseteeism a factor there are
enough votes in the Senate to
defeat the spending ceiling
amendment. With many Sena-
tors leaving town in, anticipa-
tion of adjournment, the out-
come depends largely upon
absenteeism when the issue
comes to a vote in the Senate.
Among liberals and conserva-
tives in the Senate there were
concerted objections that the
compromise had gone too far
in giving the President author-
ity to cut Congressionally ap-
proved programs. This, in their;
view, encroaches upon Con-'
gress's constitutional control
over, the purse strings.
Activity in Senate
The compromise permits the
President to cut up to 20 per
cent in each of 50 broad func-
tional, categories in the budget.
Within each. category, however,
there is no limitation on how
much the President,carl cut,in-
dividual programs.
Within the Senate; 'therefore,:
an attempt is under way to 'de-
feat the compromise and send
the bill back to conference with
instructions to work out a more
restrictive formula.
If no new formula that is ac-
ceptable both to the House con-
ferees and the Administration
can be worked out, it is the
intention of the Senate Demo-
cratic leadership to pass legis-
lation raising the debt limit
and to drop the spending ceiling
mennw P c ris -C.,'-
nrngram _8tipth .r ht n O
ari;nvrnm .nt obstacle. .The
alter the Senate fqj the secnnd
consecutiv v ar blocked the
r~ ular for 1 n aid 1 egisatlon.
The s Q-c )led contin ring reso-
lution would, permit the eco-
nomic and military aid pro-
rams to continue spending
28 at an annual rate
o J3.65-billion.
The rate was considerably
below what was wanted by the
Administration, which had orig
inally requested $5.2-billion in
appropriations for the economic
and foreign aid programs in the
current fiscal year. .
The compromise' rate was
$357-million less than approved
by the House and $158-million
more than approved by the Sen-
ate. The ho a of the conferees
was a e con) esslu1i';*to-
ward the lower ena e l es
wo c~ft~mitli"'ffie"`ft7retgn-- d
cntlcs in t e enae. in jl Cticu-
"
-"
~g
or ~7-'""W.~'FUtbrlght
was hr_.egtenm 't-raiSe
'a-C__. t mince ob croons at
could further e ay_ a journ-
rt"at----
Meanwhile, legislation that
would have empowered the,tn-
vironmental Protection Agency
to set noise pollution standards
for new equipment, including
aircraft, died on the House floor
when an objection was raised :
to consideration of a conference
committee agreement.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 t roved For Release 2001/11/1 D j,4 B00415R000600080026-6
NEW YOR MMES DATE C ' f PAGE ______
SENATE SLASHES
FOREIGN AID BILL
Cut of $515.4-Million May
Threaten Adjournment
the bia tress of the 9ld Con-
gress tomorrow night.,
The Senate stripped $515.4-
,i.llion from thI4-illion an-
Wal foreign-aic( spending level
-:by the House Saturday
trig n adapting a resolution
tQ. *-- itconinued spending un-
t'1 F`eb. 28.
T e a endment was proposed
by Senator Daniel K. Inouye,
Democrat of Hawaii, chairman
of the Senate Appropriations
subcommittee on foreign opera-
tions, and adopted by the full
committee and the Senate by
voice vote.
Warning From Fulbright
~- - it Jaairmaf of
th Sr,~,nata Fn~raiun Relations
WASHINGTON, Oct. 16 (AP)
~TMe Canto t t ri ch +~
in fnrninn aid annr nYi tinnc fp_
d^., arl`iino a hr r nntan
ial
bill came- bac
House-
- -e COnfPrnnra :=.+th sUb-
1i,&p111d,_0`ln a >P`s tn rxrth' -_._possi.
- fs4a_Sg,_.ble :
bright, Democrat of Arkansas,
said that he would like to limit
military-aid portions of the
measure to administrative ex-
penses and to phase out the
grant program with the $1.8-
billion still in the pipeline.
The Sr natP c. 'th littla ntco to
doa..had rarscpd fnr co. oral
c9mnlittee n f rPi n a;.t"
furai n aid ro r rrc in tVe
ahcPnrp of
h,ll far mph ^rv accict nce.
A prior resolution, continuing
the programs since July 1 at
an annual rate of $2.9-billion,
expired Saturday midnight.
President Nixon's budget for
foreign aid this year is $5.1-
billion. Last year's appropria-
tion was $3.1-billion.
tut Based on Lowest Items
The effect of the resolution
passed by the House would be
to continue foreign aid spend-
ing until next Feb. 28 at a $4-
billion annual rate. Senator
Inouye's amendment would cut
the spending level to $3.48-bil-
lion, based on the lowest items
in the House resolution or in
last year's appropriation bill.
The Inouye proposal reduced
allowances approved by the
House for foreign development
loans by $150-million, direct
grants for foreign militry forces
by $99.4-million, security-sup-
porting assistance grants by'
$135-million and military credit
sales by $35-million.
The need to rely on a con-
tinuing resolution, rather than
let foreign aid die, resulted
from a House-Senate Confer-
ence deadlcko n an unrelated
issue in the foreign military
aid bill.
The House conferees refused
to accept and the Senate con-
feres refused to yield on a pro-
vision passed by the Senate re-
quiring the President to sub-
mit. all future agreements for
overseas military bases to the
Senate for ratification as
treaties by a two-thirds vote.
Present law requires my that
the President report to Con-
gress on arrangements made.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 f 4L
CIE W12.~4L:. Ee( ,fie 2001/11/16: CIA-I'7
SENATG KJLLs
By` Spencer Rich
Washington Post Staif Writer
The Senate killed the for-
eign aid bill, 48 to.42, last
night after critics of Presi- I
dent Nixon's Vietnam poli-
I' ties had succeeded for the
`1tr~ -r-r-r
Scott said after the vote
that while he favors foreign
aid, the end-the-war langua e
made the bill unacceptable.
He said it would now be ne-
cessary either to report out
a new bill from the Senate
Stennis said the four-month Two months ago. the idn m
pullout requirement conting-
ent only upon North Vietnam's istration won a similar close,
prior release of U.S. prisoners crucial vote on the same issue'
would undermine the Presi by a vote of 47 to 43.
Yesterday, however, bi"
dent's attempts to achieve a bloc of senators, mostl ei
negotiated peace allowing the brats w ted wit. Mr. Nix-
United States to withdraw on last time went against m
with dignity and without hu They include Lloyd M. hentsen
miliation, (D-Tex.), Alan Bible (D-Nev.),
Before the Stennis vote, the Howard W. Cannon (D-Nov.),
Senate on a 50-to-45 roll call Ernest F. Hollings (D-S.C.),
had adopted an amendment by Janies B. Pearson (R-Kan.),
John Sherman Cooper (R Ky.) William B. Spong (D-Va.) and
which displaced somewhat Robert T. Stafford (R-Vt.).
stronger end-the-war language _ Sens. Herman E. Talmadge
originally inserted in the bill, (D-Ga.), Ted Stevens (R-Alas-
by Majority Leader Mike ka) and Daniel K. Inouye (D-
Mansfield (Mont:). Hawaii), who were absent last
Cooper's substitute, as he time, also voted for the end
first proposed it, called for a the-war language yesterday.
mandatory pullout within four Sens. Spong and Mathias sup-
months of enactment of the' ported the end-the-war lan-
bill, without any preconditions. guage, while Harry Flood Byrd
This was changed, however, Jr. (Ind.-Va.) and J. Glenn
Beall (R-Md.) opposed it.
first time in adding a man-, r-1 1"1 a "111 1U "111C --
from the house and then have
datory end-the-war amend- the Foreign Relations Commit-
ment on a 49-to-46 roll-call tee take it up, or continue
the aid program by a "con-
vote. tinuing resolution"-a special
The end-the-war language re- resolution to allow spending
quired a pullout of all U.S. by agencies whose regular ap.
land, sea and air forces from propriations have not been
Indochina within four months, approved.
provided North Vietnam first The administration wants a
released American prisoners. foreign-aid measure eventual-
ly because the bill provides
Never before had the' Senate nearly $300 million in military
pose a flat, binding witnaraw4l dia, $250 million for Korea
requirement. All-previous suc- and substantial amounts for
cessful end-the-war votes were Thailand, Greece, Turkey and
merely declarations or sense-of- other allies.
the-Senate provisions and Sen. J. W. Fulbright (D-
weren't binding because they Ark.), foreign aid critic who
didn't provide for any enforce- voted for the end-the-war
merit mechanism if the Presi- amendment and then against
dent chose to ignore them. the bill, said he has no desire
However, adoption of the to report out a new measure.
end-the-war language led di- It had been before the Sen-
rectly to the defeat of the ate since June 8 in a debate
$L.$ billion foreign military over the end-the-war language,
77 IN-11711, "
diately after the 49-to-
48 vote approving the fund
cutoff, Minority Leader Hugh
Scott (Pa.) rose to warn that
the Senate was "inviting 'a
Veto" of the aid bill. Scott said
he would Vote 40 st the bill
r s defeat.
ie Republican leader said
the end-the-war language
I would undermine the Presi-
dent's efforts to negotiate an
honorable peace. bloc, in recent years, have
On the final 48-to42 vote, a been added members who seel
number of administration Joy- the program as financing cor? 1
alists like Scott and Republi- rupt dictatorships and "client"
can Whip Robert P. Griffin states and as fueling an end-
(Mich.) linked up with tradi- less war in Southeast Asia.
tional foes of the aid program : On last night's 48-to-42 vote,
and former, supporters who only 14 Republicans voted for
are now critical of support. passig-e-617 the
i ion
I ling military dictatorships. measure. Charles c Math
By the time the vote came, ! ias Jr. (R.M was t h e y
only
shortly after 9 p.m., a number or Virginia senator
!of senators who might have passa e.
I supported the bill-like . vice
vote on We end-the-
TITe
.Presidential candidate Thomas wa* amendment came on a
F. Eagleton (D-Mo.) and Ed-!!!, motion by Sen. John Stennis
mund S. Muskie (D-Maine)-
(D-Miss.), chairman of the
h !
had left th
e c
amber. in the t Armed Services Committee,
assumption that passage would
to strike all end-the-war lan
come easily on a routin V
~t rf s~~ OA /sl 114
Presidential candidate +
on an amendment by Sen. Ed-
iward W. Brooke (R-Mass.),
adopted 62 to 33, which added
the requirement of prior re- i
lease of prisoners. The Stennis
amendment represented the
administration's last chance to
kill the whole end-the-war
The original Mansfield lan-
guage in the aid bill, added
in the Foreign Relations Com-
mittee, called for a pullout of
all U.S. forces from Vietnam
by Aug. 31, with removal of
U.S. forces from the remaind-
er of Indochina once the
United States and North Viet_
package prior to the final vote
+1- 1,; n
'Last year, the Senate, in all
move that reflected the deep-1
ening congressional dislike of
the foreign aid program, de-
feated the aid authorization
measure by a 41-to-27 vote on
Oct. 29. But new bills with
deep slashes were eventually
sent to the floor and ultima-
tely passed. I
A substantial number of
members of Congress have al-1
ways opposed foreign aid as a
Brooke amendment and then of U.S. prisoners and an ac
against his own amendment counting for persons listed as
after the Brooke language was missing in action.
lease requirement had made:.
his pullout language meaning-'
less, s i n c e North Vietnam
would never. release prisoners
while the U.S. was, still active.
ly engaged in combat.
The Cooper - Brooke lan-
guage, as approved before the
whole bill was killed, read:
"Funds authorized by or ap-
propriated by this or any oth-
er act .for U.S. forces with re-
spect to military actions in
Indochina may be used only
for the purpose of withdraw-
ing all U.S. ground,. naval and
air forces from Vietnam, Laos
and Cambodia, and protecting
such forces as they are with-~
drawn. The withdrawal of all
U.S. forces f r o to Vietnam,
Laos and Cambodia shall be
carried out within four months j
after the date of enactment~
of this act, provided there has 1,
be.
language unacceptable,
cause it didn't include his re-
quirement for an Indochina-
wide cease-fire, rather than
just a cease-fire between the
United States and North Viet-
nam, and because it merely
called for arrangements for
release of prisoners without
requiring an actual release
prior to the U.S. pullout.
Critics of Mr. Nixon's peace
I been a release of all American
~ p0080026-6
6 : GiA?-RDP 4"g 01
McGovern (D-S.D.) was absent e o or any government allied with
and missed all votes yesterday. them."
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
proposals, however, said the
requirement of an all-Indo-
china cease-fire that would in-
clude Saigon as well as TIanoi
as parties to the agreement
would merely allow Saigon to
stall and veto any agreement,
and also said the President's-
language implied that the
final cease-fire must assure the
,continued survival of the Sai-
gon regime. They said setting
such conditions would mean
indefinite continuation of the
war. They also said it was un-
realistic to d e m a n d that
Hanoi release all U. S. prison-
ers prior to a cease-fire.
Administration spokesmen
countered that the Mansfield
amendent, or any other pro-
posal setting a definite date
without major conditions,
would encourage Hanoi to re-
fuse to negotiate seriously for
a peace settlement, in the
hope that congress would
s i m p l y force the United
States to pull out.
A series of relatively close,
dramatic votes led up to the
final decisions on the end-the-
war language.
Sens. Cannon, Alan Cran-
ston (D-Calif.) and -Hubert 11.
Humphrey (D-Minn.) offered a
substitute early in the day
that was remarkably similar
to the end-the-war language
eventually put in the bill -be-
fore it was defeated, but called
fo. a pullout only from South
Vietnam, not all of Indochina.
It failed, 55 to 40, with several
senators saying they v o t e d
against it because it was lim-
ited to Vietnam alone.
Cooper then offered his
amendment requiring a total
withdrawal within four months
of enactment of the bill, argu-
ing that North Vietnam was
unlikely to release prisoners
i before the war ends and that
the onl way to end U.S.par.
ticipatiy on is to set a date for
withdrawal and negotiate a
release of U.S. prisoners later.
Brooke immediately rose
and demanded to know what
the United States would do if
North Vietnam refused to re-!
lease U.S. prisoners after the
U.S. Pullout. "You're asking
the U.S. government to take
on good faith what North Viet-
nam will do," he said. "What
is our option? We'd have abso-
lutely nothing; left" with which
to force release of prisoners.
He then added his prisoner.
release requirement. -
Sen. James B. Allen (D-Ala.)
offered an amendment which,
in effect, ,wiped out all other
proposals an d instead pro-
posed a Sense-of-t h c-Senate
resolution endorsing Presi-
dent Nixon's demands for pris-.
oner release and an all-Indo-
china internationally super-
vised cease-fire as precondi-
tions for U.S. cessation of.
Indochina military operations,'
This failed, 50 to 45, giving
the day's first hint that the
administration might lack the
:votes to -defeat a binding end-
t:he-war amendment. Byrd and
Beall voted for the Allen lan-
guage, while Spong and Ma-
thias opposed it. -
This set the stage for thel
final showdown votes.
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 THE EVENINCipiiToWd For Release 2001/11/16b01A
Roll Call
End-the-War
Amendment
Associated Press
Here is the 50-to-45 roll call
vote by which the Senate ap-
proved an amendment provid-
ing for the withdrawal of all
U.S. forces from Indochina
within four months after en-
actment if American war pris-
oners are released by Hanoi.
The effect of the vote was
later voided.
FOR THE AMENDMENT-50
Anderson, N.M. 'nocrMagnuson, Wash.
Bayh, Ind. Mansfield, Mont.
Benstsen, Tex. Metcalf, Mont.
Bible, Nev. Mondale, Mimi,
Burdick, N.D. Montoya, N.M.
Cannon, Nev. Moss, Utah
Chiles, Pia. Muskie, Maine
Church,bdaho Nelson, Wis.
Cranston, Calif. Pastore, RI.
a:gleton, Mo. Pell, R.I.
Fuibright, Ark. Proxmire, Wis.
Gravel, Alaska Randolph, W.Va.
Harris, Okla. Ribtcoff, Conn.
art,! ich . Spong, Va.
Hartke, Imai. Stevenson, III.
Holltwgs, S.
Hughes, IC. Symington, M
owa
Humphrey. Minn. Talmadge, Ga.
Tummy, Calif.
Inouye, Hawaii Willia?ns, N.J.
Kennedy, Mass.
Republicans For:
Brooke. Mass. Pearson, Kans.
Case, N.J. Percy, Ill.
Cook, Ky. Sohweioker, Pa.
Hatfield, Ore. Stafford, Vt.
Javits, N.Y. Stevens, Alaska.
Mathias, Md.
AGAINST THE AMENDMENT-45
Allen, Ala. Democrats Against:
Byrd, Va. Long, La.
Byrd, W.Va. McClellan, Airk.
Eastland, Miss.. McIIntyre N Y,
Ervin, N.C. Sparkman, Ala.
Jackson Wash. Stennis, Miss.
Republicans Against:
Aiken, Vt.
Allntt Griffin, Mich.
, Cob
Beall, Md.
Bell mon, Okla,-
Bennett, Utah
Boggo, Del.
Brook, Tenn.
Buckley, NY.
Cooper, Kty.
Cotton, N.H.
Curt s, Neb.
dOle. an.
Goldwater, Ariz.
Hansen, WYO.
Hruska, Neb.
Jordan, Idaho
Miller, Iowa
Packwood, Ore.
Roth, Del.
Sawbe, Ohio
Scott, Pa.
Smith, Maine
Taft, Ohio
Thurmond, S.C.
Tower, Tex.
Weicker, Conn.
Young, N.D.
End-War Amendment Wording
Here is the wording of the Cooper Brooke end-of-the-war
amendment approved by the Senate, 50 to 45. The affect of
the measure later voided when the military aid bill was
killed. -
"Funds authorized or appropriated by this or any other
act for United States forces with respect to military actions
in Indochina may be used only for the purpose of withdraw-
ing all United States ground, naval, and air forces from
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia and protecting such forces
as they are withdrawn. The withdrawal of all United States
forces from Vietnam Laos, and Cambodia shall be carried
out within four months after the date of enactment of this
act; provided that there has been a release of all American
prisoners of war beld by the government of North Vietnam
or any government allied with them
-Approved For Release 2001/1111,6; :;CFA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6 .
 ESA6 I~-F [74q'A1 ff000600080026-6 S 15781
App72 ed For Release S ION
September 25, 199
face of the evidence before us. The fail- the time of collection, and ultimately de- Senate before and was defeated in the
ure of the President to act means we stroyed it. Senate by a vote of 68 to 22. The law al-
have a continuation of a serious drug The matter of heroin and Thailand is ready has a provision which is a little
problem. not a new problem. It was not discovered different from this amendment in the
No action has been taken by President yesterday, although some administration burden of proof, in that the matter is
Nixon in spite of the evidence that Thai- officials act as if it was. Nelson Gross of pretty much left up to the President,
land serves as the major conduit for the the State Department testified on June whereas in this case aid is suspended un-
transhipment of Opium produced in 9 that- less the President makes a positive find-
Southeast Asia. We have no evidence that there is any pres- ing. There is a shift in the burden.
Let us look briefly at the situation in ent heroin refinery working in either Laos or The difficulty is that the law as it
Thailand. Several congressional study Thailand in the northern area or in the area stands applies to all countries, whereas
missions have returned to the Congress of Bangkok in the south. this amendment is applicable only to
with reports that Thailand serves as the Three days after he made that state- Thailand. I have no objection to apply-
major conduit for drug traffic in the ment, completely acting as though noth- ing it to Thailand, but I think it should
Southeast Asia region. As a result of ing was going on, the State Department be made applicable to Laos, Vietnam,
these investigations, we have learned issued a report. detailing the seizure of and Burma, for example.
that opium-bearing caravans continu- such refineries in the very areas where I might also say that this amendment
ally bring substantial amounts of raw Gross said none existed. The problem has is in the House bill, and if we go to con-
opium and some refined morphine deriv- been there and no one will benefit by ference it will be in conference. If we put
ative down to Bangkok for shipment to trying to cover it up. it in the bill here, it will not be in con-
Hong Kong. An NBC television camera Mr. President, I am deeply troubled ference. I think if we were to have this
crew photographed such a caravan that our Government seems to be satis- type of provision,.it should be made gen-
within the past 6 months. fled with telling the people that progress erally applicable to all countries. That
After the opium reaches the port of is being made, when it is not, and that would be my principal objection to the
Bangkok, it is -placed aboard Thai-reg- not enough of an effort is being made amendment. We are all in favor of the
istered fishing trawlers. These trawlers to achieve progress in our antidrug ef- thrust of it, which is to do anything ef-
can carry about 3.3 tons of opium per forts. fective we can to stop the illegal drug
voyage. Until last year, these trawlers Such efforts to hide the truth from the traffic. How effective this amendment
operated only during the summer American public on the critical issue of would be as opposed to the existing law,
months. Currently, they carry their heroin traffic are highly undesirable and I am not at all sure. But I am prepared
deadly cargo year round. There is enough counterproductive. to go ahead and vote on the amendment,
opium on each ship to supply 6 percent It is time to make drug information if no other Senator wishes to speak on it.
of the annual U.S. demand for heroin. available to the public and to put the Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, will the
From' Bangkok, the 11-trawler fleet necessary pressure on the Thai Govern- Senator yield for a question?
sails to Hong Kong where they unload ment to take definitive action against Mr. FULBRIGHT. I yield.
the opium onto junks in Chinese Com- drug smuggling. Only by the kind of Mr. HARTKE. I quite agree; as I said
munist waters. These junks are then able direct action which the Hartke amend- before, there is no question of the pro-
to slip into Hong Kong unmonitored. ment proposes will we serve notice, not visions of the present law. Nor is there
The opium is then refined and shipped only to Thailand, but to other nations of any question that this type of amend-
to the United States. This has come to be the world as well, that halting the flow ment was previously defeated in the Sen-
known as the "Thai connection." of heroin into this country is our No. 1 ate.'However, neither of those facts is
I am informed that American intelli- priority. justification for rejecting the amendment
gence and narcotics personnel are aware Last week, President Nixon said that at this time. The fact is that the Presi-
of high-level official complicity in the he considers keeping dangerous drugs out dent stated he is in favor of terminating
Thai drug trade. Not only do our people of the United States just as important economic assistance to those countries
have the names of those involved, but as keeping armed enemy forces from who contribute to our drug problem.
they also have positive identification of landing in the United States. I agree. Furthermore, the former Deputy Di-
the Thai trawlers which carry the That is the reason why I introduced the rector of the Bureau of Narcotics and
opium to Hong Kong. pending Hartke amendment, in order to Dangerous Drugs says that this region
Our military action in Southeast force the Nixon administration to end of Southeast Asia, the so-called Golden
Asia might be more appropriately di- all aid to Thailand, making it a congres- Triangle, has the potential to replace
rected toward some of those Thai trawl- sional mandate. Turkey as the major supplier of heroin
ers rather than our present targets. The administration can, under the to illicit markets in this country. I un-
We have been told repeatedly that the amendment, resume aid, but first it must derstand that the chairman of the
Thai Government is cooperating in our prove to the Congress that Thailand has Foreign Relations Committee is saying
efforts to stem the drug traffic. It is indeed taken all necessary measures to that the amendment should apply to all
shocking that with this so-called co- end this deadly traffic-no such proof countries, but the fact is that we are
operation of the Thai Government and now exists. providing practically no aid to Laos and
its security personnel resulted in the We must act now to end the wide- very limited aid to Burma.
seizure of, only 97 pounds of heroin and spread suffering which heroin addiction Mr. FULBRIGHT. What does the Sen-
645 pounds of opium during all of 1971. causes in our society, both for the user ator mean, no aid to Laos?
Other serious questions have 'been and the victims of drug-related crimes. Mr. HARTKE. Would the distinguished
raised concerning the degree of Thai co- We must cut off the supply at its source, chairman of the Foreign Relations Com-
operation. For example, last March the The way to do it is to adopt the mittee advise me of the amount of aid
That Government announced it had amendment which is before the Senate provided for Laos in the pending bill?
burned 26 tons of opium. This was hailed at this time. Mr. FULBRIGHT. Perhaps it is a little
as evidence that Thailand was "cooperat- Mr. President, I suggest the absence of amount to the Senator, but it is more
ing" in efforts to stop the flow of heroin. a quorum. than $400 million for this fiscal year.
Yet, no official statement or press release The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Mr. HARTKE. If it would make it more
mentioned the fact that about $1 million CHILES). The clerk will call the roll, palatable to the chairman of the Foreign
of American funds were involved in this The legislative clerk proceeded to call Relations Committee, I would have no
so-called seizure. the roll. objection to modifying the amendment
If the United States did buy up opium Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, I ask to include Laos.
and assure its destruction, the action unanimous consent that the order for Mr. FULBRIGHT. Laos receives assist-
might be defended. But according to the the quorum call be rescinded. ance from funds authorized in this bill as
Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without well as from funds available in the reg-
Drugs, all we did was inspect part of it objection, it is so ordered. ular DOD budget.
before it was burned. Meanwhile, it was Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, this For fiscal 1973 it is scheduled to re-
the Thais who collected it, tested it at amendment was, of course, offered to the ceive a total of $416.7 million. Last year
Approved For Release 2001111/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE September 25, 1972
it. received $294.9 million. It amounts to Mr. FULBRIGHT. Why not modify it The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
a lot of money. to make it applicable to all countries, amendment, as modified, will be stated.
Incidentally, the Laotian Prime Minis- then? The assistant legislative clerk
pro-
ter is now paying the members of his Mr. HARTKE. Would the Senator ceeded to read the amendment, as modi-
Parliament $5,000 for their votes; did the agree to accept it if I did that? fied.
Senator see that in the paper? Our aid Mr. FULBRIGHT. It would make it a Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I ask
is helping him to pay for those votes. lot better amendment. I do not like to unanimous consent that reading of the
Mr. HARTKE. The chairman knows I agree to it, in the face of the Senate's amendment, as modified, be dispensed
have no sympathy for those dictatorial recent vote. I frankly have no objection with.
regimes and those regimes which are - to it, though I do not think it is any great The PRESIDING OFFICER, Without
Mr. PULBRIGHT. I do not know what step forward. But if we are going to do it objection, it is so ordered; and, without
the Senator, thinks he is going to ac- at all, it ought to be applicable to all objection, the amendment, as modified,
complish. The President says he is countries. will be printed in the RECORD.
against it. He has plenty of authority The Senate just voted on this question The amendment, as modified, is as
under existing law, if he is really against 2 or 3 months ago, and defeated such a Wows:
it, to cut off aid in Thailand or any- proposal by a vote of 68 to 22. 1- On quota-
where else. Mr. HARTKE. If the chairman of thF tion marks 17, line 25, strike out the quota-
Mr. HARTKE. I ursderstand that. But Committee on Foreign Relations would On page 17, after line 25, add the following:
in the face of hard evidence the Presi- find it possible to agree to the amend;: "(z) No assistance shall be furnished under
dent has failed to act, when the Presi- ment by making it applq`unble to all this Act (other than chapter 8 of part r,
dent fails to act I do not think the Sen- countries and not just Thailand, I amt 'relating to international narcotics control),
ate can stand by idly. willing to modify the amendment. The and no sales shall be made under the Foreign
Mr. FULBRIGHT. What makes the reason I have stressed Thailand is that Military Sales Act or under title I of the
Assist-
Senator think that if we put his amend- it is presently the principal conduit for mime e c Act Agricultural Trade Development and Burma,
the shipment of 154, Thailand, Laos, Burma,
meat in, the President will act? He is- of opium in Southeast Asia. Cambodia, and South Vietnam. This restric-
sues these little billets-doux to the Com- Mr. FULBRIGHT. Well, that shifts, tion may be waived when the President de-
mittee on Foreign Relations all the time, though. We shifted it from Turkey by termines that the governments of Thailand,
and then does whatever suits him. It is paying them millions not to grow poppies. Laos, Burma. Cambodia, and South Vietnam
not difficult to have one of these little Now each of them will come along In have taken adequate steps to carry out the
papers prepared and ;>ent up. They do it turn; that is a great incentive for other purposes of chapter 8 of part I of this Act,
all the time. countries to start growing it, because if relating to international narcotics control."
Mr. HARTKE. I am not willing to sur- they grow enough, they think we will pay Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, what the
render quite that easily to the adminis- them millions not to grow it. This is a amendment does, in substance, is to ex-
tration. good way to make money, carrying this tend the jurisdiction of the restriction in
Mr. FULBRIGHT. I am not surrender- absurdity to its logical conclusion, we this fashion: Whereas the origin amend-
ing; I am stating a fact. It happens all may, I say facetiously, start growing it ment 'applied only to Thailand. this
the time. in Arkansas, and see if they will pay us amendment, as it is now drafted, applies
Mr. HARTKE. The fact is that at the to quit. It is a fairly easy way to make' to Thailand, Laos, Burma, Cambodia,
present time there ha:s to be a finding by money, you see. and South Vietnam. In other words, it
the President that there is a violation in Mr. HARTKE. Let me say to the deals only with those countries in South-
terms of compliance, but that is not an chairman that if he would find it accept- east Asia.
affirmative finding. The way the bill is able to amend the amendment to such I have discussed this matter with the
drafted, it is negative. The Hartke an extent that it would apply to all chairman of the Committee on Foreign
amendment shifts the burden to the countries in addition to Thailand, the Relations. I think this modification will
President to make a definitive finding. Senator from Indiana certainly finds no accomplish our purpose of directing at-
That is not the case in the present law. Objection to that kind of provision. tention toward the "Golden Triangle,"
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Yes, he has to send Mr. FULBRIGHT. Well, if the Senator which has the potential to replace Tur-
up a finding and say, "I find Thailand is will modify it to apply to all countries, key as the chief supplier of heroin and
doing everything it reasonably can," it will be the same as existing law except, dangerous drugs to the United States. In
under the Senator's amendment. as the Senator says, the President is put this manner, we have really covered the
Mr. HAR,CKE. That is right. under the burden of making an afflrma-
Mr. FUIBRIGHT. Does the Senator tive finding. I would have no disposition
think it is 4ifcult for him to do that? to oppose it, and also I might say that
Mr. HA TKE. I think it puts the on that ground it is different from the
President in a position where he may one that was defeated and from the pro-
well make a ,definitive statement which vision in the House bill. Therefore, it
is absolutelg.controverted by the facts. would be in conference and we could re-
Mr. Ft7I3RIGiT. ;goes the Senator solve it then.
think he has any-difficulty doing that? So I have no objection to that.
Mr: HARE. I understand the point Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I suggest
the Senator Is making, but I do not be- the absence of a quorum.
lieve we shQllid surrender our authority The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
to the President and in essence imply will call the roll.
that we are completely Ineffective in re- The legislative clerk proceeded to call
quiring the President to be truthful with the roll.
the American people-- rar. HARTKE. Mr. President, I ask
Mr. FULBRIGHT. The way to do it is unanimous consent that the order for
to cut off the funds. the quorum call be rescinded.
Mr. HARTKE. I am willing to do that. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
Mr. FULBRIGHT. The Senator's objection, it is so ordered-
amendment would make more sense if Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I ask
he would just leave out-the last sentence. unanimous consent to modify my amend-
Mr. HARTKE. The :fact is that f still meat.
would like to have the President make The PRESIDING OFFICER, The Sen-
that finding. If we have the President ator has a right to modify his amend-
make the finding, then we have the Presi- ment.
dent in a position in 'which his finding Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I send
may well be controverted by the evidence. to the desk a modification of my amend-
I think that is a much stronger case. meat and ask that it be stated.
-later date to expand these aid restric-
tions to other countries, then we have es-
tablished a precedent in the Senate to
support such action.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, I
think this is a great improvement over
the original language, because it is made
applicable to all the countries in South-
east Asia that are identified with the
drug traffic. As the Senator properly said,
this is the principal source of the supply,
both to our soldiers in South Vietnam
and to this country.
I am prepared to take the amendment
to conference. As I have already stated,
the amendment Is quite similar to exist-
ing law, but it does put an onus upon the
President to make an affirmative finding
if the aid is not to be discontinued. So I
think it is an improvement over the ex-
isting law.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
further discussion of the amendment? If
not, the question Is on agreeing to the
amendment, as modified, of the Senator
from Indiana.
The amendment, as modified, was
agret:", "
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved ForRelease 2001/1-11,1.4: CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
September 25, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE S 15783
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
is open to further amendment.
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the privilege of
the floor be granted to Mr. Basil Condos
during the consideration of the amend-
ment I am about to offer.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, I
se amendment to the desk.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment will be stated.
The legislative clerk read the amend-
ment, as follows:
At the end of the bill insert a new section
as follows:
"SEC. 19 (a) The Congress finds and de-
clares-
"that the purpose of United States involve-
ment in South Vietnam-self-determination
for the people of that nation-has been frus-
trated by actions of the Thieu regime, in-
cluding the abolition of hamlet elections,
newspaper censorship, and the arrest and
torture of President Thieu's political oppo-
nents;
"that continued United States military and
economic assistance to the Thieu regime,
coupled with the United States failure to
condemn the repressive acts of that regime,
creates the impression that the United States
supports the forcible imposition of totali-
tarian rule in South Vietnam; and
"that rapid and total elimination of the
United States military presence in Indochina
is fully consistent with our expressed interest
in promoting self-determination for the peo-
ple of South Vietnam.
"(b) The United States shall refrain from
supporting or appearing to support actions
whereby the Government of South Vietnam
attempts to discourage legitimate opposition
by abridging the right to vote, freedom of the
press, or other individual liberties.
"(c) The President shall use all available
leverage, including the withholding of assist-
ance authorized by this Act, to implement
the policies set forth in this section.
"(d) On January 1, 1973, and at semi-
annual intervals thereafter, the President
shall report to the Congress on any and all
action he has taken to implement the policies
set forth in this section;, Provided, That no
such reports shall be required after the ter-
mination of all United States military assist-
ance to South Vietnam.'
Thieu has wasted no time in using his
power to install all the machinery of a
full-blown police state.
He has transferred from civilian au-
thorities to military authorities the
power to control food distribution; to
check private residences both at day and
night time; to detain elements considered
dangerous for the national security or
public order; to prohibit strikes and
demonstrations or meetings harmful to
the national security and public order,
and to censor printed matter.
He has transferred from civilian courts
to military courts the power to try
demonstrators, strikers, and ordinary
civilian offenders.
He has abolished hamlet elections, de-
creeing that hamlet officials will be ap-
pointed instead by military province
chiefs under his direct control.
He has decreed that the public prose-
cutor may invade the headquarters of a .
political party "to protect public order
and the national security."
' He has instituted a press censorship
decree so .repressive as to be condemned
by an international association of news-
paper publishers. The decree makes it a
crime to publish any unfavorable state-
ment about Thieu, even if the statement
is true. It requires a $46,000 deposit as a
precondition of publication, a require-
ment which has forced at least 10 papers
to shut down in less than 2 months. Only
last week the editor of a paper which has
continued to publish was convicted of
violating the press censorship decree.
The crime was printing widely known,
unclassified statistics about U.S. bombing
of Indochina. The penalty was a year in
jail.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that an article published in the
Washington Post on September 23, 1972,
entitled "Saigon Newspaper Punished"
be printed in the RECORD at the conclu-
sion of my remarks.
without massive military and economic
assistance from the United States.
We assert that our purpose in South
Vietnam is to promote freedom and self-
determination for the people of that na-
tion. Our client subverts that purpose in
a calculated effort to consolidate power
for himself and a small clique of gen-
erals, landowners, and profiteers. And
our only response is an embarrassed si-
lence or a feeble attempt by the Depart-
ment of State to say that these are in-
ternal matters for which we are not re-
sponsible. In at least one case-abolition
of the hamlet elections-the Department
of State acted as an apologist for the
Thieu regime by suggesting that its ac-
tion was a temporary expedient occa-
sioned by the North Vietnamese offen-
sive, but the fact is that Thieu did not
abolish hamlet elections until after the
offensive had run its course.
Mr. President, it will not do to shrug
off Thieu's reign of terror as an internal
matter. We supported Thieu in the rigged
election of 1967; we conducted political
polls and propaganda campaigns for him
in 1969 and 1970; we continued our mas-
sive support of his regime while he drove
his opponents out of the presidential
election in 1971-all in the name of free-
dom and self-determination.
If Mr. Nixon had chosen to permit the
people of South Vietnam a choice, they
might have elected General Minh in 1971.
He, and even a popularly elected Thieu,
could have governed with public support,
and, in the case of Minh at least, made
peace. In either event, the United States
could have declared its purpose fulfilled
and gone home. But the administration
failed once again to perceive that moral-
ity and self-interest can coincide. It per-
mitted its puppet then, as it does now,
to pull the strings and play the tune to
which the people of Vietnam die.
The Thieu regime is corrupt and ty-
rannical. It rules by force because it
cannot rule by popularity. It is the prin-
cipal obstacle in the way of a negotiated
settlement. Both sides have made it clear
that they cannot and will not coexist
peaceably. Yet, the Nixon administration
insists upon propping up this dictator-
ship in derogation of everything it says
we have fought for, and to the detriment
of the negotiated settlement which it
says it seeks.
If the United States is to harmonize
its actions in Indochina with its rhetoric,
the initiative will have to come from the
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, when
the United States intervened in the Indo-
china war, it changed the character of
that conflict. What began as guerrilla
warfare finally became a high-technol-
ogy war of electronic battlefields and
laser bombs. While professing to Viet-
namize the war, we Americanized it.
In thus transforming the war, we have
helped give the South Vietnamese a
landscape desiccated by herbicides and
pocked by bomb craters. We have helped
give them abandoned hamlets and teem-
ing slums and a deadly war the Thieu
regime cannot win.
And, it appears, we are also giving
the South Vietnamese. people a military
dictatorship.
Three months ago President Thieu
rammed a bill through the national as-
sembly giving him the power to rule by
decree. A distinguished journalist-
Harry Bradsher of the Washington
Star-reported that the U.S. Embassy in
Saigon supported Thieu's efforts to get
the power to rule by decree. It seems this
report has never been denied.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
CHILES). Without objection, it is so or-
dered.
(See exhibit 1.)
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, he
has decreed that "special punitive
measures will be applied against unlaw-
ful acts that seriously harm the national
security and public order." Reports from
Saigon indicate that the "special punitive
measures" includes mass arrests, impris-
onment of 8-year-old children, and tor-
ture of women.
id
I
k
t
i
en
as
Mr. Pres
,
unan
mous con- Congress. And President Thieu has given
sent that an article published in the New clear choice.
York Times on August 13, 1972, entitled us a
"Saigon Torture in Jails Reported," be The United States can no longer be for
printed in the RECORD at the conclusion both the Thieu regime and the people of
of my remarks. South Vietnam. It must either actively
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. and, if necessary, publicly oppose Thieu's
CHILES). Without objection, it is so or- repressive policies, or abandon any pre-
dered. tense that its support of Thieu Promotes
(See exhibit 2.) self-determination.
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, it is Mr. President, Thieu's actions point up
now clear that we are witnessing nothing the tragic irony of our Vietnam policy:
less than a ruthless and systematic cam- we say we oppose the imposition of a
paign to destroy or silence legitimate op- Communist government on the people of
position in total disregard of the popular South Vietnam, yet we aid and abet
will and of individual liberties. It is Thieu's imposition of a police state on
equally clear that the Thieu regime the people of South Vietnam. The longer
could not conduct its campaign of repres- we fight to preserve the difference be-
sion-and indeed could not exist at all- tween a "free" South Vietnam, and a
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
S 15784 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE September 25, 197")
"totalitarian" North Vietnam, the less of how could the paper be harming the national All of those. interviewed said their names
a difference there is to preserve. security and sowing confusion among the could not be used because they feared po-
Last month Mr. Thieu expressed the people?" he asked, lice reprisals,
belief that South Vie'Gnam was experienc- Ile said he believed the punishment wrs
intended more as a warning for the future REPORTS ARE sl docu
ing too much democracy too soon. He than as a realistic sentence for a genuine with the smuggled documents, it is
has acted consistently with his beliefs
It
.
offense. impossible to corroborate the accounts given
is time that we did the same, and for That view of the case was hardly a sur- by former prisoners in interviews. But al-
that reason I hope that this amendment prise, since the government has made clear though one cannot establish after the fact
will be agreed to. that the press law was intended to put some that the welts and scars visible on their
The amendment simply declares that newspapers out of business, which it did, bodies were inflicted by the police, the wide-
the purpose of U.S, involvement in South and curb the contents of others, which it has spread reports bear out the prisoners' version.
thetpur self-determinationtins been also done. Government officials and pro-Government
The offending article was based on a static- legislators defend the recent repressive meas-
frustrated by the repressive actions Of tiaal analysis of the U.B. bombing campaigns tires by arguing that the survival of South
the Thieu regime and that continued entitled "The Air War In Indochina," pub- Vietnam is at stake. Critics reply that only
U .S. support for that regime creates the ]ici ed by the Center for International Studies the Government of President Nguyen Van
impression that the United States sup- of Cornell University. It first appeared in Thieu, not South Vietnam. is at stake.
ports its imposition of totalitarian rule print a year ago, is widely available and used "Necessity requres us to accept a flexible
in South Vietnam. The amendment then a s a reference work here, and is largely based view of the law." said one official. "You
13 c peiurea cis gun at your back before you
from supporting Vietnamese attempts to Iis conclusions are critical of the air cam- handcuffed him, would you? Legal aspects
intimidate legitimate opposition and pail. But persons familiar With the Dien do not count when there is a question of
that the President shall use all available Tin article said It contained only the statis_ survival involved."
leverage to end the repressive acts of the tics, not the conclusions. The victims obviously feel differently. Here,
Thieu regime and report on his progress in general, Saigon newspapers are per- for example, is part of an account given by
semiannually to the Congress. The milted to print only the war news distrib- a woman who was interrogated intensively
amendment is consistent with the senti- sited by the South Vietnamese army's Pty. but not beaten in a police detention center
chological Warfare De in Saigon and then released:
meat of many in this Chamber, including partment.
"When you were being interrogated, you
myself, that the best way to promote Exalerr 2 could hear the screams of people being tor-
self-determination in, .South Vietnam is SAIGON TORTURE IN JAILS REPORTED tured. Sometimes they showed you the tor-
to leave South Vietnam. That consist ture going on, to try to frighten you into say-
tency is made explicit in the amendment. (By Sydney H. Schanberg) ing what they wanted you to say.
I would hope very much that the -AyroN, SOUTH VIETNAM, Aug. 12.-Docu- Two women in my cell were pregnant. One
meilts smuggled out of South Vietnamese was beaten badly. Another woman was beat-
chairman would agree to accept it. prisons and extensive interviews with former en mostly on the knees, which became
ExHiBrr 1 prisoners paint a picture of widespread tor- infected.
SAIGON NEWSPAPER PUNISHED ture of people jailed by the Saigon Govern- "One high school student tried to kill her-
(By Thomas W. Lippman) ment since the North Vietnamese offensive self by cutting both wrists on the metal
started four and a half months ago. water taps in the washroom, but she failed.
SAIGON, Sept. 22.-The business manager of Here is a sampling of the prisoner's ac- They had tortured her by putting some kind
an opposition newspaper was sentenced to a counts: of thick rubber band around her head to
year in prison by South Vietnam's military "Nguyen Thi Yen was beaten, unconscious squeeze it. It made her eyes swell out and
court to day because the paper printed year- with a, wooden rod. Later, when she revived. gave her unbearable headaches.
old statistics on the tonnage of U.S. bombs she was forced to stand naked before about "One girl was so badly tortured that the
dropped in Indochina. 1.0 torturers, who burned her breasts with police left her in a corridor outside the In-
It was the first case considered by the lighted cigarettes." terrogation room for a day-so that other
court under the stringent new press law "Trinh Dinh Ban was beaten so badly in prisoners would not see her condition."
issued Aug. 4 by President Nguyen Van the face that the swelling shut and infected This was a typical story of those inter-
Thieu's government. his eyes. The police drove needles through viewed. Some said that water had been
The newspaper, Dien Tin, published by a his fingertips and battered him on the chest forced down their mouths until they nearly
supporter of Thieu's chief political rival, and soles of his feet until he was unable to drowned. Others told of electric prods used
Duong Van (Big) Minh, was found guilty of move." on sensitive parts of the body, of fingernails
printing an article "harmful to the national "Vo Thi Bach Tuyet was beaten and hung pulled out and of fingers mashed.
security" and of "sowing confusion among by her feet under a blazing light. Later, they Several of the Informants said they had
the people." The paper was fined one million put her in a tiny room half flooded with discovered, while in prison, a sardonic say-
piastres, about $2,300. water and let mice and insects run over her jag by the police-"Khong, danh cho co."--
The prison term, which could have been body." "If they are innocent, beat them until they
up to five years, was Imposed on Vo Thi STORIES ARE TYPICAL become guilty."
Soong, 32, a woman s4bout whom almost These The accounts of the informants indicated
nothing Is known except that she is apol- particular accounts are said to de-
that the worst torturing took place while
scribe the torture of three student leaders
itical and had nothing to do with the paper's
contents or editorial still being held in South Vietnamese jails on prisoners were being Interrogated In police
policy. suspicion of being Communist centers-before they were transferred to pris-
The editor and publisher, Hong Son Dong, g ympathizers, The accounts ons such as Con Son and Chi Hoa. Con Son
is a close associate of ]Wirth, who until his in these documents and many
others obtained by this correspondent were is South situated biggest civilian 140
withdrawal from the race, was Thieu's lead- tiary, situated on Con CSon, hi island and 140
ing opponent in last year's presidential else- purportedly written by prisoners-and in miles southeast of Saigon. Chi Hoa, the coun-
ti,an, some cases by sympathetic guards-and then
smuggled out. try's second largest prison. is in Saigon.
But as a member of the South Vietnamese The three accounts are typical of the stories The informants said that most of the tor-
Senate, Dong is immune from pro:,ecution. ture and interrogation took place between 10
The press law stipulates that in such a case, told in the other documents and in the in.- P.M. and 3 A.M. They said some of the pris-
a paper's business manager must face the terviews about the treatment of the thou-
sands of students, workers, peasants, women toners, o become torture e or fearinf,
to win agreed
court. and children arrested by the national police to become police agents to win their release.
Miss Suong was allowed to remain free and military authorities in the "pre-emptive NAMES ARE GivFN
while her conviction is being appealed to sweeps" made in the search for Communist Some of the documents uroortedl smug-
South Vietnam's Supreme Court, but was sympathizers and agents since the North gled out of the prisons gave the names of
required to post a bond of 1 million piasters Vietnamese Army began its offensive. five persons who had been tortured to death
with the court in the meantime. Some of the documents reached this cor- recently in jail, and said this was only a part,
Neither she nor Sen. Dong could be reached respondent through friends of prisoners or list. The documents listed Buu Chi aNgu-
for comment. But her lawyer, But Chnanh critics of the Government to whom the yen Du men, students from the Rue area
Thos, had plenty to say, y
The sentence was "not logical," he said, papers had been passed. Some of the inter- who were said to have died in Con Son. Also
bee;ause the terms of the l: ws are "ee y am- views were also arranged this way. Additional listed were Ta Xuan Thanh, Dinh Van Ut and
because" and contain no definition of what information was gathered on the basis of But Duong of Saigon, who were said to have
is "harmful to the national Security.- a t o'i` leads. died in Chi Hoa.
There is no way to verify the accounts of It is impossible to tell, without Govern-
.He also said that the offending Issue of t. e ture first hand, for the Saigon Govern- ment cooperation, how many thousands have
the paper, that of August 16, had been con- meat refuses to allow journalists to visit its been arrested since the North Vietnamese of-
fiscated before it appeared on the streets, prisons, which it calls "re-education cen- Pensive began. Most foreign diplomat's think
"Since readers could not read the article, terra." A formal written request was denied. the figure is well over 10,000 One American
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
September 25, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
source said that slightly over 15,000 people
had been jailed and about 5,000 released later.
But whatever the exact figures, it is clear that
thousands remain in prison and that arrests
continue.
The bulk of the arrests have been in the
Mekong Delta south of Saigon and in the ex-
treme north. Many students were seized in
Hue, some of them reportedly while working
in refugee centers.
LITTLE DISTINCTION INDICATED
It Is also impossible to tell how many of
those arrested really have Communist con-
nections and how many are simply opposed
to the Government of President Thieu, be-
cause the police seem to make little distinc-
tion. There is a third category of prisoners
as well-people who were apparently seized
at random and who committed no crime.
They just happened to have been in the
wrong place.
Critics of the Government say that each
district administration has been given a
quota of arrests and that local officials have
been trying to meet the quotas quickly with
little regard for legal niceties.
According to one document, purportedly
written by a sympathetic jailer, an old wom-
an has been imprisoned in Con Son because
one of her sons Is regarded as a Communist
sympathizer and is in hiding. Her four other
sons are in the South Vietnamese Army. She
wants to write them about what had hap-
pened to her, the jailer said, but she has
forgotten their military addresses and the
prison authorities will not help her com-
municate with them.
FAMILY LINKS ONE CAUSE
This woman seems to be typical of many
of those arrested recently. They were picked
up because they have relatives who are ac-
tive Vietcong or suspected of having some
link with the Communists. But according
to the Vietnamese officials themselves, most
families in South Vietnam have a relative or
relatives "with the other side" and the Gov-
ernment would have to arrest millions if it
were to apply this criterion across the board.
Nguyen Van Thong, a pro-Government
member of the lower house and chairman of
the committee that deals with police and
prison legislation, said in a recent interview
that the Government should have carried
out these arrests a lot earlier. Though Mr.
Thong acknowledged that some innocent
people had undoubtedly been arrested, he
said "These people will sooner or later get
out of jail."
Legal form, rarely observed with fidelity
at any time in South Vietnam's recent his-
tory, has clearly been abandoned since the
enemy' offensive began. On the one hand,
President Thieu continues to declare that
the back of the North Vietnamese drive has
been broken, yet on the other he has been
using his recently granted special powers to
narrow civil liberties further.
LAWS SEEM TO BE IGNORED
Although no Government edict has been
Issued, the normal laws governing the rights
of the accused appear to have been virtually
suspended. Often those arrested are report-
edly not told the charge against them nor
allowed to consult a lawyer. Prisoners are
sometimes kept for months and years with-
out a hearing or trial. Often the police will
not acknowledge that they are' holding a
particular person so his family is. unable to
locate him.
In a sense, many of these people and their
cases simply disappear-except for reports
that leak out clandestinely.
The same jailer at Con Son who purport-
edly wrote of the old woman with four sons
in the army also was said to have given the
following description of an area of the prison
holding 1,500 people from Hue and other
northern areas:
"I was horrified to find that the place was
full of women and old people and more than
50 children under 9 years old. None of them
knew why they had been brought here. In
general, their arrests had happened like this:
Village officials would come and call them
to the village headquarters. Once they were
there, the officials would tell them falsely
that they had to be evacuated, presumably
because of near-by fighting. And then they
would find they had been deported to Con
Son."
This prison made headlines two years ago
when the treatment of hundreds of prisoners
jammed into small cells known as "tiger
cages" was' publicized by two American Con-
gressmen on a fact-finding tour of Vietnam.
The Congressmen managed to enter the
"tiger cage" area over the objections of both
the South Vietnamese warden and his
American adviser.
Although the United States is the major
provider of aid to the South Vietnamese
police and prison system, the American
mission here refuses to discuss the situation
on the record, contending that it is entirely
a South Vietnamese program.
AIRLINE ROLE CHARGED
According to authoritative sources, how-
ever, Air America, the airline operated in
Indochina for the Central Intelligence
Agency, has been used to transport arrested
people to Con Son.
The two top American advisers to the
South Vietnamese on police and prison mat-
ters-Michael G. McCann and Theodore D.
Brown, director and deputy director, respec-
tively, of the American mission's public-safe-
ty directorate-do not deny the widespread
torture or the use of Air America; they sim-
ply refuse to comment. Requests for inter-
views with both men were rejected.
A high American source, who granted an
interview but Insisted on anonymity said
that being outside the situation "I cannot
affirm that tortures don't take place" and
he acknowledged that "all kinds of deplor-
able things may well be going on." But he
argued that some of those arrested were
known anti-government and Communist
activitists who had been involved in ter-
rorist incidents-"and who aren't exactly
the nice college kids next door."
Critics of the Government describe what
has been happening recently as a police-state
operation. And while repressive tactics are
not so obvious on the streets of Saigon and
other cities as they apparently are in the
jails, there have been disquieting signs of
intimidation.
The police set up checkpoints from time
to time in Saigon, on the pretext of search-
ing people and vehicles for weapons or ex-
plosives destined for terrorist activities. But
on the several occasions this correspondent
has stood close by and watched these
searches, it appeared that the checkpoints
were often no more than means of shaking
down Vietnamese for money or goods.
Despite these tactics, there has been little
protest.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Well, Mr. President,
the Senator from Illinois has made a very
fine statement. There is nothing in it with
which I do not agree. He is quite right
about the course of the war in Vietnam,
that it has been turned into an American
war; that it started out, as he said, as a
guerrilla and civil war and since we took
over it has become a tragic story, with the
gradual elimination of all aspects of
democracy in South Vietnam, all of
which has been reported fully in the
press. I am not at all sure the amendment
cause I asume that he will take the posi- not feel that I should hold up the work
tion that he is presently doing all he can of this session any longer than is abso-
to assure self-determination in South lutely necessary. It has been held up too
Vietnam-at least his published state- long already with these great inspiring
ments have been to that effect. speeches which take place every morning
S 15785
But, in any case, I personally approve
of the thrust of the Senator's amend-
ment which is that we should not con-
tinue to support totalitarian rule in
South Vietnam and that we should end
our occupation there. I certainly agree
that the way to promote self-determina-
tion in South Vietnam is for the United
States to remove all of its forces and
come home.
So, I am prepared to accept the amend-
ment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
CHILES). The question is on agreeing to
the amendment of the Senator from Illi-
nois (Mr. STEVENSON).
The amendment was rgreed to.
Mr.' STEVEN O ." Mr. President, Lask
unanimous consent that the name of the
Senator from Minnesota (Mr. HuM-
PHREY) be added as a cospon, or of this
amendment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it :s so orderd.
Mr. STEVENSON. Mr. President, I
thank the distinguished Senator from
Arkansas (Mr. FULBRXGHT) for his sup-
port.
MOTION TO RECONSIDER A PREVIOUS VOTE
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, on
last Friday the Senate agreed to an
amendment of mine on lines 10 and 11 of
page 17 of the bill. I did not at that time
move to reconsider that action of the
Senate. I deferred to the members of
the minority staff and told them that we
would not act until this noon.
I understood that the minority leader
would be back by noon. I would like at
this time to move to reconsider the vote
by which my amendment on lines 10 and
11 of page 13 of the bill was agreed to.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I move to lay that motion on the table.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. TUN-
NEY). The question is on agreeing to the
motion to table.
Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, a
parliamentary inquiry.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator will state it..
Mr. FULBRIGHT. Mr. President, is
that in order when a motion to table is
being considered?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. A quo-
rum call is in order if there is no further
debate.
Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call the roll.
The second assistant legislative clerk
proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I ask unan-
imous consent that the order for the
quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I tried to
find out where the leadership is at this
moment. I am unsuccessful in finding out
anything. As far as I am concerned I do
Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
 S 15786 Approved For Release 2001/11/16 : CIA-RDP74B00415R000600080026-6
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE Septem I er 2
5
, 1972
when no one is in the gallery and no one used, either directly or indirectly, in a Diplomats here call the effort "the big
on the floor. manner contrary to our own values and steal" and claim the fond almost totally
Under these circumstances, if there is objectives.
no one interested in this legislation, as goes to the powerful La Mandarin handful the
The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as sawanikone family, and a hhandful of
far as I am concerned, the Senate may amended, states, for example: Chinese businessmen.
have a voice vote. The Congress declares that the freedom, Mr. President, the United States pro-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques- security, and prosperity of the United States vides direct budget sub> idles to the Lao-
tion is on agreeing to the motion to ta- are best sustained in a community of free, tian treasury with cash grants from sup-
ble. [Putting the question.] secure and prospering nations.
The motion was agreed to. < * * * * porting assistancei This year Laos i