ACTIVITIES IN SUPPORT OF FREE EUROPE, INCORPORATED AND RADIO LIBERTY INCORPORATED.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP73B00296R000500050026-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 32
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 14, 2005
• Sequence Number: 26
• Publication Date: June 27, 1972
• Content Type: OPEN

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1I 6182 ,
Until further notice:
Mr. Curlin with Mr. Betts.
Mr. Miller of California with Mr. Erlen-
born.
Mr. McMillan with Mr. Esch.
Mr. Reid with Mrs. Dwyer.
Mr. Kuykendall with Mr. McCulloch.
Mr. Hawkins with Mr. Pirnie.
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded. -
A motion to reconsider was laid on the
table.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. MILLS of Arkansas. Mr. Speaker,
I ask unanimous consent that all Mem-
bers may have 5 legislative days within
which to extend their remarks in the
RECORD on the bill just passed.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Ar-
kansas?
There was no objection.
CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS,
1973 -
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to
the order of the House of Thursday last,
I call up the joint resolution (H.J. Res.
1234) making continuing appropriations
for the fiscal year 1973, and for other
purposes, and ask unanimous consent
that it be considered in the House as in
the Committee of the Whole.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Texas?
There was no objection.
The Clerk read the joint resolution,
as follows:
H.J. REs. 1234
Rgsolved by the Senate and House of Rep-
resentatives of the United States of America
in Congress assembled, That the following
sums are appropriated out of any money in
the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, and
out of applicable corporate or other revenues,
receipts, and funds, for the several depart-
ments, agencies, corporations, and other
organizational units of the Government for
the fiscal year 1973, namely:
SEC. 101. (a) (1) Such amounts as may be
necessary for continuing projects or activi-
ties (not otherwise specifically provided for
in this joint resolution) which were con-
ducted in the fiscal year 1972 and for which
appropriations, funds, or other authority
would be available in the following Appro-
priation Acts for'the fiscal year 1973:
District of Columbia Appropriation Act;
Department of Housing and Urban Devel-
opment; Space, Science, Veterans, and Cer-
tain Other Independent Agencies Appropri-
ation Act;
Legislative Branch Appropriation Act;
Departments of State, Justice, and Com-
merce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies
Appropriation Act;
Department of Transportation and Related
Agencies Appropriation Act;
Department of the Interior and Related
Agencies Appropriation Act;
Departments of Labor, and Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare,, and Related Agencies
Appropriation Act;
Public Works for Water, Pollution Control,
and Power Development and Atomic Energy
Commission Appropriation Act;
Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov-
ernment Appropriation Act; and
Agriculture-Environmental and Consumer
Protection Appropriation Act.
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 27, 1972
(2) Appropriations made by this subsec-
tion shall be available to the extent and in
the manner which would be provided by the
pertinent appropriation Act.
(3) Whenever the amount which would be
made available or the authority which would
be granted under an Act listed in this sub-
section as passed by the House is different
from that which would be available or
granted under such Act as passed by the
Senate, the pertinent project or activity shall
be continued under the lesser amount or the
more restrictive authority: Provided; That
no provision in any Appropriation Act for
the fiscal year 1973, which makes the avail-
ability of any appropriation provided there-
in dependent upon the enactment of addi-
tional authorizing or other legislation, shall
be effective before the date set forth in sec-
tion 102(c) of this joint resolution.
(4) Whenever an Act listed in this subsec-
tion has been passed by only one House or
where an item is included in only one version
of an Act as passed by both Houses, the per-
tinent project or activity shall be continued
under the appropriation, fund, or authority
granted by the one House, but at a rate for
operations not exceeding the current rate
or the rate permitted by the action of the
one House, whichever is lower: Provided,
That no provision which is included in an
Appropriation Act enumerated in this sub-
section but which was not included in the
applicable Appropriation Act for 1972, and
which by its terms is applicable to more than
one appropriation, fund, or authority shall
be applicable to any appropriation, fund, or
authority provided in this joint resolution
unless such provision shall have been includ-
ed in identical form in such bill as enacted
by both the House and the Senate.
(b) Such amounts as may be necessary for
continuing projects or activities (not other-
wise provided for in this joint resolution)
which were conducted in the fiscal year 1972
and are listed in this subsection at a rate for
operations not in excess of the current rate
or the rate provided for in the budget esti-
mate, whichever is lower, and under the more
restrictive authority-
activities for which provision was made in
the Department of Defense Appropriation
Act, 1972: Provided, That none of the funds
made available by this joint resolution shall
be used for Exercise Reforger or Exercise
Crested Cap or similar dual base exercises;
activities for which provision was made in
the Military Construction Appropriation Act,
1972;
activities for which provision was made in
the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs
Appropriation Act, 1972, notwithstanding
section 10 of Public Law 91-672, and section
655 (c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
as amended;
activities for which provision was made in
the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety
Act of 1966, as amended;
activities for continuation of high-speed
ground transportation research and develop-
ment;
activities under the Economic Opportunity
Act of 1964, as amended, for which provision
was made in the Supplemental Appropria-
tions Act, 1972; the Office of Education and
Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1972;
and the Departments of Labor, and Health,
Education, and Welfare, and Related Agen-
cies Appropriation Act, 1972;
activities for higher education, library re-
sources and educational renewal, for which
provision was made in the Office of Education
and Related Agencies Appropriation Act,
1972;
activities for social and rehabilitation serv-
ices, the Office of Child Development, and ma-
ternal and child health project grants, for
which provision was made in the Depart-
ment of Health, Education, and Welfare Ap-
propriation Act, 1972, and the Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 1972;
activities for work incentives for which
provision was made in the Department of
Health, Education, and Welfare Appropria-
tion Act, 1972;
activities of the American Revolution Bi-
centennnial Commission;
corporated, and Radio Liberty, Incorporated,
pursuant to authority contained in the
United States Information and Educational
Exchange Act of 1948, as amended (22 U.S.C.
1477), notwithstanding Section 703 of that
Act; and _____ ,
the Treasury, Postal Service, and General
Government Appropriation Act, 1972, for the
National Industrial Reserve established by
the National Industrial Reserve Act of 1948
(50 U.S.C. 451-462).
(c) Such amounts as may be necessary for
continuing projects or activities for which
disbursements are made by the Secretary of
the Senate, and the Senate items under the
Architect of the Capitol, to the extent and in
the manner which would be provided for in
the budget estimates for fiscal year 1973.
(d) Such amounts as may be necessary for
continuing the following activities, but at a
rate for operations not in excess of the cur-
rent rate--
activities for (1) civil rights education, for
which provision was made in the Supple-
mental Appropriations Act, 1972; (2) emer-
gency school assistance activities for which
provision was made in the Joint Resolution
of July 1, 1971 (Public Law 92-38); (3) youth
development and delinquency prevention for
which provision was made in the Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare Appro-
priation Act, 1972; (4) aid to land-grant col-
leges, grants for construction of undergrad-
uate facilities, undergraduate instructional
equipment, equipment and minor remodel-
ing, and research and development for which
provision was made in the Office of Educa-
tion Appropriation Act, 1972; and (5) func-
tions transferred to the Action agency by
Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1971 and
Executive Order 11803 approved July 1, 1971.
SEC. 102. Appropriations and funds made
available and authority granted pursuant. to
this joint resolution shall remain available
until (a) enactment into law of an appro-
priation for any project or activity provided'
for in this joint resolution, or (b) enactment
of the applicable Appropriation Act by both
Houses without any provision for such proj-
ect or activity, or (c) August 18, 1972, which-
ever first occurs.
SEC. 103. Appropriations and funds made
available or authority granted pursuant to
this joint resolution may be used without
regard to the time limitations for submission
and approval of apportionments set forth in
subsection (d) (2) of section 3679 of the Re-
vised Statutes, as amended, but nothing
herein shall be construed to waive any other
provision of law governing the apportion-
ment of funds.
SEC. 104. Appropriations made and author-
ity granted pursuant to this joint resolution
shall cover all obligations or expenditures in-
curred for any project or activity during the
period for which funds or authority for such
project or activity are available under this
joint resolution.
SEC. 105. Expenditures made pursuant to
this joint resolution shall be charged to the
applicable appropriation, fund, or author-
ization whenever a bill in which such ap-
plicable appropriation, fund, or authoriza-
tion is contained is enacted into law.
SEC. 106. No appropriation or fund made
available or authority granted pursuant to
this joint resolution shall be used to ini-
tiate or resume any project or activity which
was not being conducted during the fiscal
year 1972.
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 Approved For Release 2007/01/18: CIA-RDP73B00296R000500050026-3
June 27, 1972
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 116181
Mr. MILLS of Arkansas. Mr. Speaker,
on that I demand the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
The question was taken; and there
were-yeas 211, nays 168, not voting 53,
as follows:
This admonition cannot be repeated
often enough until it becomes part of our
public policy. Until it does, we will be
confronted with the unpleasant task of
periodically increasing the public debt
limit.
That is the task we face today. It is
[Roll No. 2371
YEAS-211
obligation to act. I urge allmy colleagues Alexander Green. Oreg.
to join me in supporting H.R. 15390. Anderson, lli. Green, Pa.
Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin. Mr. Chair- Andrews, Griffiths
man. I yield back the balance of my time. N. Dak. Gubser
Annunzio Gude
Mr. MILLS of Arkansas. Mr. Chair- Arends Halpern
than, I yield back the balance of my time. ?Ashley
(Mr_ MILLS of Arkansas asked and Belcher
was given permission to revise and ex- Bell
tend his remarks.) Bergland
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the Blester
bill is considered as having been read for Dots k
Boland
amendment. Bolling
B
H.R. 15390
A bill to provide for a four-month ex'kpnsion
of the present temporary level in the pub-
lic debt limitation
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That Public
Law 92-250 and section 2(a) of Public Law
92-5 are each amended by striking out
"June 30, 1972," and inserting In lieu thereof
"October 31, 1972,".
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, no
amendments are in order to the bill ex-
cept those offered by direction of the
Committee on Ways and Means. Are
there any committee amendments?
Mr. MILLS of Arkansas. There are
none, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the
Committee rises.
Accordingly, the Committee rose; and
the Speaker having resumed the chair,
Mr. HUNGATE, Chairman of the Commit-
tee of the Whole House on the State of
the Union, reported that that Commit-
tee, having had under consideration the
bill (H.R. 15390) to provide for a 4-
month extension of the present tempo-
rary level in the public debt limitation,
pursuant to House Resolution 1021, he
reported the bill back to the House.
The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the
previous question is ordered.
The question is on the engrossment
and third reading of the bill.
The bill was ordered to be engrossed
and read a third time, and was read the
third time.
:MOTION TO RECOMMIT OFFERED BY MR. GROSS
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I offer a
motion to recommit.
The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman op-
posed to the bill?
Mr. GROSS. I am, Mr. Speaker.
The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report
the motion to recommit:
The Clerk read as follows:
Mr. GROSS moves to recommit the bill
H.R. 15390 to the Committee on Ways and
Means.
Mr. MILLS of Arkansas. Mr. Speaker,
I move the previous question on the mo-
tion to recommit.
The previous question was ordered.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
motion to recommit.
The motion to recommit was rejected.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
passage of the bill.
Hamilton
Hammer-
schmidt
Hanley
Hanna
Hansen, Idaho
Hansen, Wash.
Harvey
Hastings
Hathaway
Passman
Pelly
Pepper
Perkins
Pettis
Peyser
Pickle
Podeil
Poff
Prayer, N.C.
Price, Dl.
Pucinski
Purcell
Quie
Railsback
Randall
rasco Hays - Rees
Bray Heckler, Mass, Rhodes
Brotzman Heinz Robison, N.Y.
Brown, Mich. Hicks, Mass. Rodin
Brown, Ohio Hicks, Wash. Rooney, N.Y.
Buchanan Hillis Rooney, Pa.
Burke, Mass. Horton Rostenkowski
Burleson, Tex. Hosmer Roush
Byrne, Pa. Howard Ruppe
yrnes, Wis. Hungate St Germain
Carey, N.Y. Jarman Sandman
Cason Johnson, Calif. Shriver
Carter Johnson, Pa. Sisk
Casey; Tex. Jonas Skubitz
Cederbkrg Jones, Ala. Smith, Iowa
Celler ' Kazen Smith, N.Y.
Chamberlain Keating Springer
Collier - Keith Staggers
Colmer Kemp
Conable ,Kluczynski
Conover Landrum
Conte Latta
Corman Lent
Cotter Lloyd
Coughlin Mem
Culver McCloskey
Daniels, N.J. McEwen
Danielson McFall
Davis, Ga. McKay
Stanton,
J. William
Stanton,
James V.
Steed
Steiger, Wis.
Stephens
Stratton
Stubblefield
Stuckey
Talcott
Davis. Wis. McKevitt Teague, Calif.
Delaney Macdonald, Teague, Tex.
Dennis Mass. Thomson, Wis.
Derwineki Mahon Thpne
Donohue Mailliard Tie nan
Dorn Mallary Udall
Downing Mann Ullmah.
Dulski Martin Van Deerlin
Duncan Mathias, Calif. Vander J t
du Pont Matsunaga Veysey
Eckhardt Mayne Vigorito
Edmondson Mazzola Waggonner
Edwards, Ala. Meeds Ware
Eilberg Melcher Whalen
Eshleman Michel Whalley
Evans, Colo. Mills, Ark. Whitehurst
Findley Mills, Md. Widnall
Fish Mlnish Wiggins
Flood Mink Wilson,
Foley Minshall Charles H.
Forsythe Monagan Winn
Frelinghuysen Moorhead Wright
Frenzel Murphy, Ili. Wydler
Garmatz Murphy, N.Y. Yates
Gettys Nedzi Young, Tex.
Gialmo Nelsen Zablocki
Grasso O'Hara
Gray O'Neill
NAYS-168
Abbitt Brademas
Abzug Brinkley
Adams Brooks
Addabbo Broyhill, N.C.
Anderson, Burlison, Mo.
Calif. Burton
Andrews. Ala. Byron
Acher Cabell
Ashbrook Camp
Aspin Carney
Aspinall Chappell
Badillo Clancy
Baker Clausen,
Begich Don H.
Bennett Clawson, Del
Bevin Clay
Biaggi Cleveland
Bingham Collins, Ill.
Blackburn Collins, Tex.
Conyers
Crane
Daniel, Va.
de Is Garza
Dellenback
Dellums
Denholm
Devine
Diggs
Dingell
Dow
Drinan
Edwards, Calif.
Fascell
Fisher
Flowers
Flynt
Fountain
Fraser
Frey
McCormack
Satterfield
Fuqua
Madden
Saylor
Galifianakis
Mathis, Ga.
Scherle
Gaydos
Metcalfe
Scheuer
Gibbons
Mikva
Schmitz
Goldwater
Miller, Ohio
Scott
Gonzalez
Mitchell
Sebelius
Goodling
Montgomery
Seiberling
Gross
Morgan
Shipley
Grover
Myers
Shoup
Haley
Natcher
Sikes
Hall
Nichols
Slack
Harrington
Nix
Smith, Calif.
Harsha
Obey
Snyder
Hechler, W. Va. O'Konski
Spence
Helstoski
Patman
Steele
Henderson
Patten
Steiger, Ariz.
Hogan
Pike
Stokes
Hull
Poage
Symington
Hunt
Powell
Taylor
Hutchinson
Price, Tex.
Terry
Ichord
Quillen
Thompson, Ga.
Jacobs
Rangel
Thompson, N.J.
Jones, N.C.
Rarick
Vanik
Jones, Tenn.
Reuss
Waldie
Kastenmeier
Riegle
Wampler
King
Roberts
White
Koch
Robinson, Va.
Whitten
Kyros
Roe
Williams
Landgrebe
Rogers
Wolff
Leggett
Roncalio
Wyatt
Len-non
Rosenthal
Wylie
Link
Rousselot
Wyman
Long, La.
Roy
Yatron
Long, Md.
Roybal
Young, Fla.
Lujan
Runnels
Zion
McClure
Ruth
Zwach
McCollister
Ryan
NOT VOTING-53
Abernethy
Dwyer
McDade
Abourezk
Erlenborn
McDonald,
Anderson,
Esch
Mich.
Tenn.
Evins, Tenn.
McKinney
Baring
Ford, Gerald R. McMillan
Betts
Ford.
Miller, Calif.
Blanton
William D.
Mizell
Boggs
Fulton
Mollohan
Broomfield
Gallagher
Mosher
.Broyhill, Va.
Griffin
Moss
Burke, Fla.
Hagan
Pirnie
Caffery
Hawkins
Pryor, Ark,
Chisholm
Hebert
Reid
Clark
Holifield
Sarbanes
Curlin
Karth
Schneebelt
Davis, S.C.
Kee
Schwengel
Dent
Kuykendall
Sullivan
Dickinson
Kyl
Wilson, Bob
Dowdy
McCulloch
So the bill was passed.
The Clerk announced the following
pairs:
On this vote:
Mr. Hebert for, with Mr. Abernethy against.
Mr. Boggs for, with Mr. Abourezk against.
Mr. Gerald It. Ford for, with Mr. Dent
against.
Mr. Fulton for, with Mr. Clark against.
Mr. Davis of South Carolina for, with Mr.
Hogan against.
Mr', , Holifield for, with Mrs. Chisholm
against,
Mr. I rth for, with Mr. William D. Ford
against. `N.
Mr. Mesa for, with Mr. Griffin against.
Mr. Molliahan for, with Mr. Sarbanes
against. ;"Mr. Blanton 'or, with Mr. Dowdy against.
Mr. Anderson',of Tennessee for, with Mr.
Dickinson against
Mr. Sehneebeli "or, with Mrs. Sullivan
against.
Mr. Broomfield ft .r, with Mr. Caffery
against. k,
Mr. McDade for, with.Mr. Burke of Florida
against. ' `
Mr. McDonald of Michigan for, with Mr.
Mizell against.
Mr. Broyhill of Virginia for, with Mr.
Mosher against.
Mr. McKinney for, with Mr. Schwengel
against.
Mr. Bob 'Wilson for, with Mr. Kyl against.
Mr. Evins of Tennessee for, with Mr. Gal-
lagher against.
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 June 2 7, 1972
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 116183
SEC. 107. Any appropriation for the fiscal
year 1973 required to be apportioned pur-
suant to section 3679 of the Revised Statutes,
as amended, may be apportioned on a basis
indicating the need (to the extent any such
increases cannot be absorbed within avail-
able appropriations) for a supplemental or
deficiency eltimate of appropriation to the
extent necessary to permit payment of such
pay Increases as may be granted pursuant to
law to civilian officers and employees and to
active and retired military personnel. Each
such appropriation shall otherwise be sub-
ject to the requirements of section 3679 of
the Revised Statutes, as amended.
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I move to
strike the last word.
Mr. Speaker, this Is the continuing
resolution which will enable the Gov-
ernment to continue to operate after
next Friday, June 30. The outside effec-
tive date of the resolution Is August 18,
1972. Of course, appropriation bills that
become the law in the meantime will be
the controlling element in the spending
of the various departments covered by
the particular bill.
STATUS OF THE APPROPRIATION BILLS
Mr. Speaker, when we pass the agri-
cultural appropriation bill on Thursday,
the House will have passed 10 of the 13
regular annual appropriation bills for
fiscal 1973, which begins next Saturday.
The Senate by the end of this week
will, it is expected, have passed nine of
the fiscal 1973 appropriation bills.
Three of the annual appropriation
bills will hopefully go to the President
this week-the District of Columbia ap-
propriation bill, the legislative appro-
priation bill, and the Treasury-Postal
Service-General Government appropri-
ation bill. Conference reports have been
filed on them and if they all clear Con-
gress this week, they should shortly be-
come law.
The remaining appropriation bills
which we will have to report to the
House when we come back on July 17
will be the military construction appro-
priation bill, the defense appropriation
bill, and the foreign assistance appropri-
ation bill.
Certain actions will have to be taken
otherwise. For example, we will, I believe,
have to provide an appropriation-prob-
ably this week-to take care of an
addition to the disaster relief fund. The
President is today urgently recommend-
ing $100 million additional for disaster
relief, because of recent disasters in
various parts of the country.
RATES FOR OPERATIONS
The pending resolution is the standard,
garden variety continuing resolution
which continues all the agencies and de-
partments of Government, and they are
continued at certain specified rates.
For example, on the three bills which
will not have passed the House or the
Senate, the general ground rule during
this interim as to the rate for operations
will be the budget request for 1973 or,
last year's appropriation, that is, fiscal
1972, whichever is the lower. That is
standard.
Then, as to any bill which has passed
the House, but not passed the Senate,
the House figure or last year's appro-
priation, whichever is lower, will be the
general ground rule.
As to the appropriation bills-and we
expect there will be nine of them-that
have passed both the House and the
Senate, the lower of the applicable
figures as between the two Houses will
be controlling until the expiration of this
continuing resolution or, of course, until
they are signed into law.
FREE WORLD FORCES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. MAHON. I yield to the distin-
guished gentleman from Illinois. .
Mr. YATES. In the military authoriza-
tion bill last year, in the military appro-
priations bill for the current year, there
was a ceiling of $2.5 billion imposed on
expenditures by the Government for ac-
tivity in Vietnam.
In the authorization bill passed by the
House earlier today, that ceiling is sought
to be raised to $2.7 billion.
The SPEAKER. The time of the
gentleman from Texas has expired.
(Mr. MAHON asked and was given
permission to proceed for an additional
5 minutes.)
Mr. YATES. In the bill that was passed
by the House today, that ceiling was
raised to $2.7 billion because the admin-
istration, I understand, has exceeded the
limitation on spending in Vietnam that
was imposed by the Congress.
Will the continuing resolution continue
our spending at the level imposed by the
Congress in last year's bills at $2.5 billion
or at the level of the bill that was passed
by the House today at $2.7 billion?
Mr. MAHON. The continuing resolu-
tion will provide for expenditures for free
world forces in Southeast Asia at the
rate of the existing law, which is $2.5
billion.
Mr. YATES. I thank the gentleman.
Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, I move to
strike out the last word.
[Mr. BOW addressed the House. His
remarks will appear hereafter in the Ex-
tensions of Remarks.]
Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, I yield back
the balance of my time.
CONTINGENCY PROVISIONS
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I move to
strike out the last word.
(Mr. GROSS asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I note this
language on page 3 of the bill as follows:
Provided, That no provision in any Appro-
priation Act for the fiscal year 1973, which
makes the availability of any appropriation
provided therein dependent upon the enact-
ment of additional authorizing or other legis-
lation, shall be effective before the date set
forth in section 102(c) of thds joint
resolution.
Then turning to page 7 of the resolu-
tion, section 102(c) reads or provides:
August 18, 1972, whichever first occurs.
Will the gentleman explain the mean-
ing of that to the House?
Mr. MAHON. The House passed several
appropriation bills containing items
where there was no related legislative
authorization enacted Into law as to fiscal
year 1973. For example, the authoriza.
tion had passed the House with reference
to the National Science Foundation and
the Coast Guard and some other
activities.
The appropriation bills containing such
items went to the other body. In passing
the bills, the other body added the pro-
viso in various places, providing that
those funds should not become available
until the related authorization had been
enacted into law.
Well, many of the authorizations in-
volved have not become law and will not
become law by next Saturday, July 1,
when the continuing resolution takes ef-
fect. So, if the bill has passed the House
and passed the Senate, then according
to the yardstick the basis upon which the
department or agency will operate is the
House or the Senate figure, whichever is
the lower. The Senate figure, with the
proviso saying that the amount is not go-
ing to be effective until the related au-
thorization is passed-the Senate figure
in those instances will be zero, so a
number of agencies would come to a
screeching halt next Saturday unless we
add the proviso to which the gentleman
makes reference.
EXPIRATION DATE OF CONTINUING RESOLUTION
Mr. GROSS. I am still not clear as to
the meaning of August 18, 1972, the date
predicated.
Mr. MAHON. The expiration date of
the whole continuing resolution is Au-
gust 18, the date when it is planned to
recess for the Republican National Con-
vention. We will have to pass another
continuing resolution if we do not get
the appropriation business completed by
the 18th day of August.
Mr. GROSS. That is what the August
18 date means?
Mr. MAHON. Oh, yes.
- Mr. GROSS. Contingent upon the ad-
journment for the Republican Conven-
tion until after Labor Day?
Mr. MAHON. I would hope that we
would get the appropriation bills com-
pleted by August 18. Ten bills will have
passed the House by this weekend. Nine
bills, I believe, will have passed the Sen-
ate by this weekend. Only three bills re-
main to be reported to the House, and
they are held up because of lack of legis-
lative authorizations. We passed the De-
fense authorization bill In the House to-
day. I would think we could complete the
appropriation business by August 18. We
would be doing quite well if we did so,
but It is an objective devoutly to be
sought.
May I add that we should be able to
bring in conference reports on the seven
bills that will be in conference after we
come back on July 17. We will have a
month to work on them and to process
the three bills yet to be reported to the
House. As I mentioned earlier, three con-
ference reports are filed and we hope the
House and Senate can clear them to the
President this week.
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend, I include excerpts from
the report of the Committee on Appro-
priations on the pending resolution. It
explains the resolution In considerable
detail and contains a table on the ap-
propriations bills for fiscal 1973 and cer-
tain other pertinent information:
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116184
DETAILS ABOUT THE RESOLUTION
Comporting with continuing resolutions
over a period of many years, the emphasis
in the resolution is on the continuation of
existing projects and activities at the lowest
of one of three rates, namely, the current
(fiscal year 1972) rate; the budget request
for 1973, where no action has been taken
by either House; or the more restrictive
amount adopted by either of the two Houses.
The whole thrust of the resolution is to keep
the Government functioning on a minimum
basis until funds for the full year are other-
wise determined open.
For many years, it has been necessary to
provide some stopgap appropriations through
continuing resolutions. Officials having re-
sponsibility for managing programs during
such interim periods are not--certainly
should not be-unaware of the fact that the
whole thrust behind these measures is to do
only the minimum necessary for orderly con-
tinuation of activities, preserving to the
maximum extent reasonably possible the flex-
ibility of Congress in arriving at final deci-
sions in the regular annual bills. Recognizing
the almost countless differing situations In-
volved in operating the far-flung activities of
government, continuing resolutions have by
design always been drawn rather broadly,
counting heavily on administrators to follow
a prudent and cautious course in respect to
a particular program encompassed within an
overall appropriation item.
Without laying down any hard and fast
rules and short of encumbering, administra-
tive processes with detailed fiscal controls,
the Committee nonetheless thinks that to the
extent reasonably possible, departments, and
agencies should avoid the obligation of funds
for specific budget line items or program
allocations, on which congressional commit-
tees may have expressed strong criticism, at
rates which unduly Impinge upon discretion-
ary decisions otherwise available to the Con-
gress.
The general basis of operation is this:
If the applicable 1973 appropriations bill
has passed both Houses but has not cleared
conference, and the particular amount or
authority therein differs, the pertinent proj-
ect or activity continues under the lesser of
the two amounts and under the more restric-
tive authority. Section 101 (a) (3) deals with
this.
In that connection, there is a new proviso
added to the usual wording of section 101
(a) (3), as follows: Provided, That no pro-
vision in any appropriation Act for the fiscal
year 1973, which makes the availability of
any appropriation provided therein depend-
ent upon the enactment of additional au-
thorizing or other legislation, shall be ef-
fective before the date set forth in section
102(c) of this joint resolution.
In several of the appropriation bills for
1973 the Senate has attached provisions to
a number of appropriations, making their
availability contingent on enactment of au-
thorization legislation. Thus, in these in-
stances the effective Senate-passed amounts
are zero and if the provisions are operative
as of July 1, under the standard applications
of the section 101(a)(3) groundrule they
would be without funds come July 1. Pend-
ing disposition of the provisions and the au-
thorizations to which they refer, the above-
quoted provision in the accompanying con-
tinuing resolution is necessary to avoid what
would In its absence be the case; namely, an
abrupt cutoff of funds for many important
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 27, 1972
on-going programs and agencies come mid-
night, June 30.
Where a bill has passed only one House,
or where an appropriation for a project or
activity is included in only one version of-a
bill as passed by both Houses, the- pertinent
project or activity continues under the ap-
propriation, fund, or authority granted by
the one House, but at a rate for operations
not exceeding the current fiscal year 1972
rate or the rate permitted by the one House,
whichever is the lower. Section 101(a)(4)
deals with this.
Where neither House has passed the ap-
plicable appropriation bill for the fiscal year
1973-and that will, at things now look, be
the case for 3 of the 13 scheduled annual
bills for 1973-appropriations are provided
for continuing projects or activities con-
ducted during fiscal year 1972 at the current
rate or the rate provided for in the budget
estimate for 1973, whichever is lower, and
under the more restrictive authority. Section
101(b) deals with this. And there is an ex-
ception in respect to the Department of De-
fense relating to certain training exercises.
The Committee has included a provision
which prohibits the Department of Defense
from obligating funds under this resolution
for carrying out the Reforger IV exercise of
the Army and the Crested Cap exercise of the
Air Force. In these exercises United States
forces are transported toEurope for coordi-
nated training with other NATO forces. The
purpose of this limiting proviso is to carry
out the intent of the conferees on the De-
partment of Defense Appropriation Bill for
fiscal year 1972. The conference report (House
Report 92-764 of December 14, 1971) dis-
cusses the conduct of these exercises on page
6 and states in part that:
"The objective ofthe conferees isto pre-
vent any further obligations for these exer-
cises through the use of funds provided in
this bill, and to prohibit the use of funds
made available through Continuing Resolu-
tions for similar Reforger and Crested Cap
exercises during fiscal year 1973."
If there is no budget estimate or if the
budget request has been deferred for later
consideration, special provision is made for
Continuation until the question Is disposed
of in the course of processing the applicable
regular bill. Section 101(d) deals with this.
The resolution does not in any way aug-
ment the appropriation for a given project or
activity in the regular bills for the fiscalyear
1973. In the words of section 105 of the
resolution itself :
"SEc. 105. Expenditures made pursuant to
this joint resolution shall be charged to the
applicable appropriation, fund, or authoriza-
tion whenever a bill in which such applicable
appropriation, fund, or authorization is con-
tained is enacted into law."
In other words, while this resolution--as in
the case of similar resolutions of previous
years--does not enumerate specific amounts
that may be obligated and expended for the
countless activities of government during
the period of the resolution (or such shorter
period as the resolution may operate as to
particular departments or agencies), the
controlling factor, known to all who have
any responsibility for the management of the
programs or the obligation of the funds, Is
that whatever Is used during this interim
must be taken out of, or charged against,
whatever amount is finally appropriated, or
otherwise made available, for the whole
year.
Section 101(a) and following subsections
of that section of the resolution are drawn
along conventional lines of similar past res-
olutions, except as noted above, and dealwith
appropriation bills that, according to the
present schedule, will have passed at least
one House before July 1.
Section 101(b) and following subsections
of that section of the resolution are drawn -
along the conventional lines of similar past
resolutions, except as noted above, and, gen-
erally, encompass those activities to be con-
sidered in connection with appropriation bills
not yet reported four the Committee on Ap-
propriations or which are otherwise not
presently included in a bill.
Section 101(c) relates to Senate house-
keeping operations and is identical in sub-
stance to previous resolutions.
Section 101(d), also drawn along conven-
tional lines, generally deals with activities
being conducted in the fiscal year 1972 for
which at the moment there is no fiscal 1973
budget estimate or authorizing legislation,
and such items are not effectively covered by
previous subsections of Section 101.
Section 102 provides that the resolution
ceases to apply to an agency or activity con-
current with approval by the President of
the applicable appropriation bill in which
effective provision for such agency or activity
is made. Thus the scope of the continuing
resolution constricts as each bill is enacted;
the resolution will be wholly inoperative
after the last bill for 1973 is approved, or
August 18, whichever first occurs. Any bills
not legislatively finalized by August 18 will
have to be covered by another continuing
resolution.
Section 103 is standard, and obviates a lot
of unproductive paperwork that would other-
wise be necessary.
Section 104 Is standard in continuing reso-
lutions, and is self-explanatory.
Section 105 is also standard and self-
explanatory.
Section 106 is also standard in continuing
resolutions, forbidding the use of funds pro-
vided in the joint resolution to initiate any
new project or activity or to resume any
which was not being conducted in fiscal 1972.
Section 107 is a standard-type provision
made necessary when general civilian or mili-
tary pay raises, which are mandatory insofar
an administrative discretion is concerned,
have not been specifically appropriated for
or were not in effect for the full period of
the prior fiscal year but which by their op-
eration will be annualized in the fiscal year
to which the resolution relates. The going
salary rates authorized by any pay raise legis-
lation must be continued uninterrupted at
the higher rates even though the related spe-
cific appropriation increases have not been
enacted.
THE APPROPRIATIONS BUSINESS Or THE SESSION
Fiscal year 1972
In this session, Congress has processed
three appropriation measures relating to the
current fiscal year 1972, namely, an urgent
supplemental bill; the Second Supplemen-
tal bill; and a special resolution relating to
gold revaluation.
In summary, budget requests for new
budget (obligational) authority considered
in these measures totaled $7,423,419,448.
Amounts enacted totaled $6,905,174,329, for
a net reduction of $518,245,119.
Fiscal year 1973
The following table on bills relating to the
fiscal year 1973 shows the latest situation:
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 1-16185
NEW BUDGET (OBLIGATIONAL) AUTHORITY IN THE APPROPRIATION BILLS FOR 1973 (AS OF JUNE 26, 1972)
(Note.-As to fiscal year 1973 amounts only(
Budget request
considered
Approved
Change, (-I-)
or (-)
In the House:
1. Legislative ---:_-_c
2. State-justice-Commerce-
$433,627,004
$427,604,764
-$6, 022, 240
Judiciary ------------
3. HUD-Space-Science-
4,687,988,600
4,587,104,350
-100,884,250
Veterans -------------
29,173,185, 000
19, 718, 490, 000
-454, 695, 000
4. Transportation---------
Advance 1974
2,909,181,095
2,791,614,095
-117,567,000
appropriation____
District of Columbia
5
(131, 181, 000)
(131,181,000)_
----------------
.
(Federal funds)---
343,306,000
332,306,000
-11,000,000
6. Labor-HEW ----------- :
27, 327, 323, 500
28, 603,179, 500
+1, 275, 856, 000
7. Interior________________
8, Treasury- PostalService-
2, 520, 340, 000
2, 529, 558,200
+9,218,200
General Government. -
5, 066, 603, 000
5,057,145,000
-9,458,000
9. Public Works-AEC_____
It, Agriculture-Environmen-
tal and Consumer
5, 489, 058, 000
5,437, 727, 000
-51, 331, 000
Protection__________:
12, 952, 177, 400
1 12, 897, 010, 900
-55,166, 500
11. Foreign Assistance------
(5,163,024,000
----------------------------
12. Defense---------------
(76,986,184,000
--------- -------------------
Military construction----
13
(3,017,800,000
-------------------------------------
.
14. 14. Supplemental, 1973------------------------------------------------------------
Total, House bills-------
81, 902, 789, 599.
82,
381, 739, 809
+478,950, 210
In the Senate:
1. Legislative_____________
519,347,899
514,722,680
-4,625,019
2, HUD-Space-Science-
Veterans------------ _
20, 258,183, 000
20,
583, 370, 000
+325, 187, 000
I As reported.
8 Conference report as filed.
The foregoing table relates only to the
regular annual appropriation bills.
COMPREHENSIVE BUDGET 6COREKEEPING
For general reference purposes of Members
and others, it may be of interest to again
call attention to the periodic budget "score-
keeping" reports issued by the staff of the
Joint Committee on Reducation of Federal
Expenditures. These reports,are designed to
keep tabs, currently, on what is happening
In the legislative process to the budget recom-
mendations of the President, both appro-
priation-wise and expenditure-wise, and on
the revenue recommendations, and not only
from actions in the revenue and appropria-
tion bills but also in legislative bills that
affect budget authority and expenditures
(backdoor bills, bills that mandate expendi-
tures, and so on).
Several such reports have been issued this
year-the latest one as of June 16-and an-
other is due shortly. Copies are sent to the
office of each Member.
Mr. GROSS. I must say to the gentle-
man that I fear the worst.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan-
imous consent that all Members may
have permission to extend their remarks
in the RECORD, and that I be permitted
to revise and extend my remarks and
insert certain tables and extraneous
material.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Texas?
There was no objection:
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I move the
previous question on the joint resolution.
The previous question was ordered.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
engrossment and third reading of the
joint resolution.
The joint resolution was ordered to be
engrossed and read a third time, was
read the third time, and passed, and a
motion to reconsider was laid on the
table.
Budget request Change, (+)
considered Approved or (-)
3. District of Columbia
(federal funds)..... = $343,306,000 $313,706,000 -$29, 600, 000
4. State-Justice-Commerce-
Judiciary ------------- 4, 704, 326, 600 4820, 717, 769 +116, 391,169
5. Transportation-- --------- 2, 909, 181, 095 2:906,994,095 -2,187, 000
Advance 1974
appropriation(131,181,000) (131,181,000)-_-.____-_-
6. Treasury-Postal Service-
General Government. 5, 066, 603, 000 5, 057, 186, 000 -9,417,000
7. Labor-HEW ----- .__--- . . (27, 416, 788, 500) (129, 464, 035, 500) (+2, 047, 247, 000)
8. Interior-------------- ---------------------------------------
9. Agriculture-Environ-
mental and Consumer
Protection--------------------------- -_--------- ---`--------
10. Public Works-AEC---- ----_ ------
Total, bills cleared
Senate ....... _.:.: 33, 800, 947, 594 34,196, 696, 744 +395,749,150
Enacted : 513,787,980 -5,559,919
1. Legislative______ 519,341,899 2
------------------------- -------------------- -------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT
Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, be-
cause of a meeting with a group of my
constituents on May 11, 1972, I was un-
able to be present for rolicall No. 145.
Had I been present, I would have voted
"yea.,,
PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION
OF H.R. 14896, THE SCHOOL LUNCH
BILL, ON THURSDAY, JUNE 29,
UNDER SUSPENSION OF THE
RULES
Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that after all other
legislative business on Thursday it may
be.in order to call up for consideration
the bill H.R. 14896, the school lunch bill,
under suspension of the rules.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Ken-
tucky?
Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, reserving the
right to object, may I ask what the re-
quest would involve? Namely, would it
involve a violation of the Reorganization
Act of 1970 insofar as the 3-day rule and
the rules of the House are concerned?
Second, would it invoke the two-thirds
vote requirement as under any suspended
rule?
Mr. PERKINS. First, let me say to the
distinguished gentleman from Missouri
that, in my judgment, it would not vio-
late the rules of the House. The report
has been printed. It was printed yester-
day. The bill was reported unanimously
out of the committee last week. We com-
plied with the rules of the committee,
and I think we complied with the rules
of the House.
In answer to the second part of the
gentleman's question, I should think it
would require a two-thirds vote.
PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY
Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, a parliamen-
tary inquiry.
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr.
GONZALEZ). The gentleman will state it.
Mr. HALL. Would the Chair confirm
that if the unanimous-consent request is
granted that the rules for suspension
would be in effect and a two-thirds vote
would be required to suspend the rules
and pass the bill?
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the
gentleman's unanimous-consent request
it would require a two-thirds vote to sus-
pend the rules and pass the bill.
Mr. HALL. I thank the Chair. I with-
draw my reservation.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Kentucky?
There was no objection.
QUALITY OF EDUCATION OF
AMERICAN CHILDREN
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. GoN-
ZALEZ). Under a previous order of the
House, the gentlewoman from Massachu-
setts (Mrs. HECKLER) is recognized for
60 minutes.
Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr.
Speaker, there are few things with high-
er priority on the national agenda than
the quality of education of American
children.
That fact has prompted the Congress
to enact and fund the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act and other leg-
islation, all designed to provide this issue
with care and attention commensurate
with its importance.
Even so, the American system of pub-
lic education is still experiencing finan-
cial problems. State and local tax rates,
which support the system, continue to
rise toward the critical level, adding dan-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 27, 1972
gerous weight to the taxpayers' burden Ing financial problems which cry for our society and provide an alternate and
and giving rise to talk of even greater solution, the swelling of the system by vital choice in our system of education.
Federal assistance. another 4.5 million children would make Private schools of various kinds are able
Because of its concern for the minds the problem a national crisis. to draw upon financial resources not
and characters of young Americans, the Financial problems aside, such an in- available to public institutions-and
Congress is going to respond to this prob- flux of youngsters would seriously ham- which would not otherwise be available
lem to whatever extent is necessary. It per the quality of public education itself to education. They provide diversity,
should and it will. by overcrowding facilities and severely choice, and healthy competition to tradi-
An integral part of the American edu- straining existing resources. tionally public education and serve the
cation system-almost since the founding To head off such a catastrophe, I and public purpose by providing the means
of the Republic-has been the nonpublic several other Members have introduced for a substantial group of Americans to
elementary and secondary schools which legislation to provide tax relief to the express themselves socially, ethnically,
have produced many millions of con- parents of children attending private, culturally, and religiously through edu-
scientious, productive citizens. nonprofit elementary and secondary cation institutions. Our private and paro-
This other system of education, repre- schools. chial schools and colleges add a dimen-
senting the best of America's pluralism, Their Federal income tax bill would be Sion of spiritual value to education which
is likewise experiencing financial diffi- reduced by half the total annual tuition is invaluable to the moral fiber of the
culties. Higher costs have seriously de- they must pay, or by $400, whichever is Nation itself; and in my view, it would be
pleted their resources, shortages of less. For those earning more than $25,000 a tragedy of the first magnitude if tax-
teachers have thinned their ranks. A a year, the tax relief would be proportion- supported State schools were to drive
great part of America is dying. ately reduced. Private institutions out of existence.
To cite an example, some 1,300 Catho- We also have word, Mr. Speaker, that Many public school systems are cur-
lie parochial schools have closed their the President is going to include a similar rently in the throesof a financial crisis
doors in the past 5 years. This has added proposal In the tax referm package he is stemming principally from the fact that
nearly half a million pupils to the public preparing to present to the Congress. local and State revenues have not kept
schools. In the diocese of Fall River in That is welcome news, indeed, although pace with spiraling costs. To the extent
my congressional district, 19 schools have I almost wish we do not have to wait that that financial difficulties have affected
closed during this period, moving 5,000 long, because this situation is so critical, most school systems in recent years, they
children into public schools. it cannot wait for the torturous voyage have affected private schools-which
The seriousness of that situation was of a tax reform package through the have no tax base-even more. Total pri-
brought home to me at a meeting recently House and the other body. I would like vate school enrollment exceeds 5.2 mil-
in Fall River with the Reverend Patrick to see the tax credit legislation sepa- lion, or approximately 10 percent of our
O'Neill, superintendent of schools for rated and proceed on its own. schools, and It has been estimated that if
the diocese, attended by clergy and laity. I have taken this special order today, most or all private schools were to close
I will soon meet with Msgr. John Mr. Speaker, to point out the seriousness or turn public, the added burden on pub-
Boyd of St. Patrick's in Fall River and of the situation confronting us and to lic funds by the end of the 1970's would
with other concerned persons, Catholic propose a reasonable solution. I am grate- exceed $4 billion per year in operations,
and non-Catholic, on the problem, ful to those other members that join me with an estimated $5 billion moreneeded
This same situation is being duplicated in underlining the critical nature of the for facilities.
among other nonpublic schools in every problem. Without weakening our commitment
part of the country. The tax relief I am proposing would to public education, i believe that Con-
Currently, there are about 4.5 million cost the Treasury an estimated $508 mil- gress must protect and encourage the
students in more than 13,000 nonpublic lion annually. Mr. Speaker, I think that private option. The private option should
school systems in the United States. Of compares favorably with the $3 billion not be available only to the wealthy. That
these, 85 percent are Catholic, 7 percent or more it would cost the taxpayers if is not the American way. And America
are nonsectarian, 3 percent are Jewish, these schools were shut down. Is richer for the diversity of those groups
and 5 percent include various other I am grateful to the distinguished which prefer a distinctive schooling.
types and denominations. chairman of the Committee on Ways and Without question, respect for the doc-
The best estimates are that if all or Means (Mr. MILLS) and to the ranking trine of church-state separation and re-
most of these pupils had to be absorbed Member of the minority (Mr. BYRNES) straints placed on private school aid by
into the public school systems of this Na- who have also sponsored this legislation, court decisions in interpreting provisions
tion, it would cost local taxpayers: in the I believe this legislation is In the na- of the Constitution have greatly limited
neighborhood of $10 billion, to say noth- tional interest and Is needed now. Its available options, However, the first
ing of the Nation as a whole in terms of passage should be a high priority in this amendment to the Constitution, which
increased Federal assistance. Of that Congress. enjoins the separation of church and
amount, approximately $3 billion would Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, will the state, also specifies that nobody shall be
be an annual cost increase and the rest gentlewoman yield? Prevented from exercising his right to
over various time periods for capital ex- Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. I freedom of religion. Forcing a parent to
penditures. yield to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. take his child out of a private school
In my own congressional district, Mr. KEATING). because he cannot afford to support two
Speaker, if all the nonpublic schools were Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, I con- separate school systems is an obvious in-
to close, it would increase local tax rates gratulate the gentlewoman for obtain- fringement of the right to religious pro-
in varying amounts. The real property ing this time for the purpose of speak- tection under the first amendment itself.
tax rate in the city of Fall River is ex- ing about aid for nonpublic schools, I feel it is essential that we maintain the
pected to be about $190 per $1,000 as- which is one of the chief areas of con- integrity of the doctrine of church and
sessed valuation this year. Closing the cern in education across the land today. state and that the state should be neutral
nonpublic schools would make that tax (Mr. KEATING asked and was given in its dealings wth religion, but, none-
rate $236.20, an increase of $46.20, to give permission to revise and extend his re- theless the doctrine of separation does
an example of the impact this would marks.) not require that the state be hostile to
have in a specific instance. Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I wish to religion.
Other examples of tax rate increases commend our colleague, Mrs. HECKLER, I have cosponsored legislation for an
would be in the city of Atteboro, Mass., for her recognition of the crisis in pri- income tax credit plan which would al-
an increase of $6.40 per thousand; in vate education and to thank her for ar- low parents of a nonpublic schoolchild
the city of Taunton, an increase of $39.70 ranging this opportunity for those of us to deduct from their final tax liability
per $1,000; in the town of Somerset, who share her concern to participate in an amount equal to one-half of the tui-
$9.20; Swansea, $34.60; and Westport, this discussion. tion paid up to an overall limit of $500
$26.90. The private and parochial elementary per dependent. By providing assistance
It makes sense that if the public and secondary schools of America make directly to.the parents of schoolchildren
school system as it Is today Is experienc- an essential contribution to pluralism in and not the schools, I believe that this
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May 18, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE
a uniform method of state taxation as a first
step toward tax simplification. This legisla-
tion would have a decided, positive effect in
encouraging interstate commerce, in that it
would remove the single largest roadblock
facing small businesses wishing to engage in
such commerce. As things stand now, small
businesses encounter a virtual jungle of un-
certainty in determining if they are indeed
subject to state tax, and if so, in computing
the tax. A single example illustrates the al-
most incredible nature of the problem: due
to varying methods for determining taxable
property, it is not uncommon for the aggre-
gate of the allocation factors for all the states
in which a corporation does business to total
more than 100%; accordingly, many corpora-
tions actually pay state taxes on more than
their entire income or capital I The Interstate
Taxation Act would help put a stop to situa-
tions such as this. In prior years this bill has
passed the House, only to the in committee
in the Senate. Our Association feels that it
deserves to be reported out of committee
and enacted into law.
A related problem is the proliferation of
federally required tax forms. We are all, liter-
ally buried in piles of paper. Each attept at
simplification of paper flow seems to result
in the addition of a simple new form to cure
the ills. This form, although intended to
help, is usually added to_the already existing
forms and actually increases paper work] In
time the simplified form becomes more and
more complex until someone comes along
with a further simplification idea and the
cycle resumes. Senator McIntyre of New
Hampshire has been holding hearings on
this serious burden. SBANE has participated
in those hearings because we have seen new
businesses drowning in a flood of paper re-
quirements that severely interferes with the
drive toward becoming a healthy small busi-
ness. We hope that members of Congress will
recognize that the best approach to resolv-
ing this mounting problem is to examine the
necessity, rather than the mere utility, of
every Government form.
The Administration's small business tax re-
relief bill (S. 544) strikes us as being "too
little, too late." However, we re-emphasize
our strong support for its proposal to ex-
tend from 5 to 10 years the period during
which a net operating loss can be carried for-
ward by individuals and by small business
corporations. The present 5-year limit is ex-
ceedingly unfair to certain small companies.
As an example, we cite the plight of small
technical products firms, formed in the mid
1980s. Typically, such enterprises experi-
enced several years of losses while becoming
established. Then they encountered the eco-
nomic downturn of 1970-71, which particu-
larly affected sales of capital equipment. As
conditions began to improve in late 1971 and
early 1972, these companies began to realize
profits, only to find that they no longer have
a loss carryover deduction from their start-
up years. Congress should recognize their
plight and extend this needed relief.
. Although many believe that America's eco-
nomy is dominated by large national and
multi-national industrial companies, the 4
fact is that without the small businessman
our economy would not provide the average
American with the life style we all so eagerly
strive for. We are all well aware of the ability
of big business to make its position known
to government. By contrast, it is extremely
difficult for the smaller businessman to have
his thoughts and desires heard. We believe
that the small businessman can be given an
effective voice in the councils of government
by establishing the position of Small Busi-
ness Tax Analyst in the Treasury Depart-
ment. The main function of such an official
would be to review tax legislation and prob-
lems from the viewpoint of small business,
and to articulate that point of view in the
day-to-day workings of the Treasury; We
emphatically endorse this feature of the
Bible-Evins bill.
SBANE proposes the adoption of legislation
which would enable a small business to elect
to be treated as a regulated small business
corporation, which would be defined as any
domestic corporation (otherthan a personal
holding company) whose stock was owned
at least 90% by individuals, with net assets
of $1,000,000 or less determined as of the
end of the prior year. An electing regulated
small business corporation would be exempt
from taxation of its income so long as at
least 90% of its taxable income was distrib-
uted to its shareholders during the current
year or before the filing date of its Federal
income tax return. The taxable income of
a regulated small business corporation would
be computed in the normal manner except
for the elimination of the dividends received
deduction for nonaffiliated corporations.
SBANE urges the adoption of this legisla-
tion to negate the stifling effects of double
taxation on small businesses. This classifica-
tion of corporations would further the con-
gressional intent demonstrated in the enact-
ment of the Subchapter s election. There are
many small business corporations which do
not qualify for Subchapter S status or whose
stockholders do not need or cannot avail
themselves of the loss deductions because of
their small original investment in the corpo-
ration. By electing to be treated as a regu-
lated small business corporation, the stock-
holders would be taxed on the taxable income
of the corporation after deduction of net op-
erating loss carryovers. Since this proposal
reduces the present incentive to maximize
corporate compensation and other related
deductions, we believe it would provide the
further advantage of reducing controversies
with the Internal Revenue Service.
We cannot leave the subject of taxation
without expressing our appreciation to Con-
gress for its wisdom in enacting the export
tax deferral program. By means of Domestic
International Sales Corporations, many small
companies can now gain entry to foreign
markets that would'otherwise have remained
closed to them.
QUORUM CALL
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem.-
pore. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
SPONG). Without objection, it is so or-
dered. The extended time for the con-
sideration of morning business has now
expired.
1972 CONFERENCE REPORT
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
SPONG). Under the previous order, the
Senate will proc sider 'the con-
Mr. ELLENDER. r esl ent, I sub-
mit a report of the committee of confer-
ence on the disagreeing votes of the
two Houses on the amendments of the
Senate to the bill (H.R. 14582) making
supplemental appropriations for the fis-
cal year ending June 30, 1972, and for
other purposes.
I ask unanimous consent for the pres-
ent consideration of the report.
S8117
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
SPONG). Is there objection to the present
consideration of the report?
There being no objection, the Senate
proceeded to consider the report.
(The conference report is printed in
the House proceedings of the CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD Of May 11, 1972, at p.
H4456. )
The PRESIDING OFFICER. There is a
time limitation on this conference of 1
hour, to be equally divided between the
Senator from Louisiana (Mr. ELLENDER)
and the Senator from North Dakota (Mr.
YOUNG), and that includes the time on
any amendments in disagreement.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. Presi-
dent, I suggest the absence of a quorum
and ask unanimous consent that, for the
time being, the time be equally charged
against both sides.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered, and the clerk
will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Who yields time?
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I yield
myself 10 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Louisiana is recognized for 10
minutes.
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I wish
to say that we have up for consideration
the conference report on the supple-
mental. appropriation bill.
This is a large and an important sup-
plemental appropriation bill and the
amount agreed to in the final confer-
ence is $4,347,698,270.
This bill was in conference a large
part of the day of May 4, 1972, and prac-
tically the entire day of May 11, 1972.
There were 50 separate Senate amend-
ments, and I believe that we performed
very well from the point of view of the
Senate.
There has already been printed in the
record a tabulation which shows the
amounts of the budget estimates, the
amounts recommended in the House bill,
the Senate bill, and the final amounts
agreed to in conference on each of the
13 chapters in this bill. I will confine
my remarks to a few of the more sig-
nificant items.
Title II of this bill includes $2,340,194,-
728 for increased pay costs as a result of
Executive Order 11637 of December 22,
1971, which adjusted the salary rates up-
ward of civilian employees of the Federal
Government; Executive Order 11638 of
December 22, 1971, which provided an
adjustment upward on a comparable
basis for members of the uniformed serv-
ices; and as a result of the substantial
increase for members of the uniformed
services voted by the Congress, becoming
effective in November 1971.
The deductions of $45,796,120 under
the House bill and of $11,349,000 under
the Senate bill in title II, agreed to by
the conferees, relate to Department of
Defense pay cost items and are possible
due to the most recent recomputations
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE May 18, 1972
in some line items and to absorptions of
additional funds in other line items
through savings realized from program
changes.
Under title I, the conference agree-
ment totaled $2,007,503,542-an increase
of $439,041,032 over the House bill but
a reduction of $704,470,169 under the
Senate bill.
One of the largest single increases
made in this bill by the Senate was $320
million for the subscription to the In-
ternational Development Association.
The conference committee decided to
delete this appropriation, with the un-
derstanding that the first of the three
annual installments of $320 million un-
der the new authorization would be pro-
vided in the regular annual appropria-
tion bill for fiscal year- 1973.
The Senate was able to prevail in
connection with the Constitution and
land acquisition item under the For-
est Service in chapter VI, thus providing
$170,000 for the Alexandria, La., For-
estry Center for installation of an emer-
gency water supply system before fire
breaks out and threatens the area.
For manpower training under chap-
ter VII, the House had provided $95
million and the Senate amendment in-
creased the sum to $247 million. The con-
ference committee is recommending an
appropriation of $156,550,000, including
$15 million for the summer recreation
program and $141,550,000 for the Neigh-
borhood Youth Corps' summer jobs pro-
gram.
Senate amendment 19 provided an-ap-
propriation of $40 million for the Na-
tional Cancer Institute, and the House
conferees agreed to accept the full
amount.
For higher education, the Senate had
provided $300,400,000. In conference, the
Senate was able to secure approximately
one third of this sum-or $100 million.
The total appropriation includes $45
million for educational opportunity
grants, $23,600,000 for national defense
grants, $25,600,000 for work-study
student loans, and $5,800,000 for addi-
tional projects specifically for veterans
under the Talent Search, Upward
Bound, and Education Professions De-
velopment Act programs. These sums
are to be used in the 1972-73 academic
school year.
Mr. President, that provision is in-
cluded in the supplemental bill because
we would like to be sure that they are
able to use the funds in the coming aca-
demic year.
The conference committee agreed to
recommend an appropriation of $20 mil-
lion for the Office of Economic Oppor-
tunity program for emergency food and
medical services, as authorized by section
222(a) (5) of the Economic Opportunity
Act of 1964.
Under chapter VIII, the legislative
branch, the conferees agreed to recom-
mend the sum of $650,000 for the ex-
penses of the Inaugural Ceremonies in
January, 1973, as proposed by the Sen-
ate amendment.
For the Federal Railroad Administra-
tion, grants to Amtrak, the Senate
amendment provided $270 million. The
conference committee has reduced this
sum of $170 million, with the under-
standing that should an authorization in
excess of this amount be ultimately ap-
proved by the Congress, the additional
authorized amount can be considered at
a future date.
One matter of great interest in this bill
was amendment No. 50. The House lan-
guage had limited the use of administra-
tive and nonadministrative expenses of
the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, thus
precluding the use of funds for relocating
the district bank for the fourth district
from Greensboro, N.C., or for the super-
vision, direction, or operation of such
bank at any other location. The Senate
had deleted this restriction. However, in
view of the position of the House con-
ferees the Senate receded on this
amendment.
Mr. President, the evidence produced
in the conference indicates that in
Greensboro, where the bank had been es-
tablished, over $2 million had been spent
in order to provide the necessary build-
ing to accommodate that bank. We
thought it was just a waste ofmoney to
transfer this institution from where it
presently is to another area.
As I said earlier, Mr. President, the
grand total of this bill, as recommended
by the committee of conference, is $4,-
347,698,270. This is $518,249,119 below
the budget estimates; $393,244,912 above
the House-passed bills; and $715,819,169
under the Senate version of the bill.
Mr. President, I urge the adoption of
the conference report.
Mr. President, I will be glad to answer
such questions as I can.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, would the
Senator yield me 5 minutes?
Mr. ELLENDER. I yield 5 minutes to
the Senator from New York.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, it will be
remembered that a large group of Sen-
ators, 27 in number including myself,
had to work very-hard in respect of the
appropriations for the Neighborhood
Youth Corps summer jobs and recrea-
tion program, pitching that effort very
heavily on the problems of youth, both
white and black, and also among other
minorities where the unemployment
rates are extremely high in poverty
neighborhoods. For black youths it is as
much as 37.4 percent. And generally
speaking, in poverty neighborhoods for
all groups it is 27.5 percent.
In response to that effort, the Senate
Appropriations Committee, exercising a
most commendable discretion this time,
went all the way wii l us and allowed
the full amount needed for the summer
jobs programs to the extent that the
U.S. Conference of Mayors certified that
the amount could be adequately used
and absorbed. They differed with us only
on the duration of the summer job op-
portunities, limiting it to 9 weeks instead
of 10 weeks. They provided 947,928 op-
portunities. The administration wanted
an aggregate of 609,300 job opportunities
through a supplemental bill. The admin-
istration sought a very modest increase,
we thought, in what had already been
provided, falling very far short, as far as
we were concerned, in what they were
seeking.
Mr. President, so that the facts and
figures may be fully before the Senate,
I ask unanimous consent that the testi-
mony of the 27 Senators, which I had
the privilege of presenting to the Senate
Appropriations Subcommittee, be print-
ed in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the testi-
mony was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
THE TESTIMONY OF SENATOR JAVITS
Mr. Chairman, I am appearing on behalf of
myself and 26 of my Senate colleagues, to
urge that the Subcommittee recommend a
supplemental appropriation of $291.4-million,
under the Manpower Development and Train-
ing Act of 1962 for the Neighborhood Youth
Corps summer job program, and for related
transportation and recreational activities to
meet the needs of poor youths in urban and
rural areas, during the coming summer. In
this request I an joined by Senators Lloyd
Bentsen, Quentin N. Burdick, Robert C. Byrd,
Howard W. Cannon, Clifford P. Case, Alan
Cranston, Thomas F. Eagleton, J. W. Ful-
bright, Fred It. Harris, Philip A. Hart, Hubert
Humphrey, Henry M. Jackson, Frank E. Moss,
Edmund S. Muskie, Bob Packwood, Claiborne
Pell, Abraham-Ribicoff, Robert Taft, Jr., John
Tower, John V. Tunney, Harrison A. Williams,
Jr., Robert P. Griffin, George McGovern, Wal-
ter Mondale, William B. Saxbe and Richard
S. Schweiker, each of whom joined with me
in a letter dated April 17, 1972 to the Sub-
committee in this regard.
If added to the $175.7-million now avail-
able, the supplemental appropriation would
bring to $467.1-million the aggregate amount
available for the coming summer.
As you know, the Administration has re-
quested an additional supplemental appro-
priation of $95-million for a total of $270.7-
million, the same amount as last year, or
$196.4-million below the amount which we
request.
The following is an itemization of our re-
quest in each of the major oomponents of the
program, which is administered by the De-
partment of Labor:
$268.3-million for the Neighborhood Youth
Corps job program which provides work ex-
perience with public and non-profit private
agencies, for poor youth between the ages of
14 to 21, giving them earnings enabling them
to complete or to continue their education.
Under the program, which begins this June,
each youth is employed for 26 hours a week
at $1.60 an hour over the period of the pro-
gram. The amount we request, together with
the $175.7-million available, would fund
947,928 ten-week job opportunities; the Ad-
ministration would apply $82.2-million of its
requested supplemental for this purpose, to
fund an additional 194,000 nine-week oppor-
tunities or an aggregate of 609,300 nine-week
opportunities, thesame funding and oppor-
tunity levels as last year.
$1.2-million for related transportation
necessary for poor youth to participate in
the job program, the Administration would
provide $1.5-million out of existing man-
power and transportation funds.
$21.9-million for the recreational support
program-providing opportunities to chil-
dren eight through thirteeen years of age;
no funds are now available for this prq-
gram. The Administration has requested a
supplemental appropriation of $12.8-million
for this component, again the same amount
as was made available last year.
Our requests are based in each instance
upon what the National League of Cities-
U.S. Conference of Mayors, representing most
of the Nation's cities, has documented as
required for this summer.
I ask unanimous consent that there be
included in the record a copy of a letter
from the National League-U.S. Conference
charts documenting these needs on a city-
by-city basis: in the job program they show
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a need for 410,035 opportunities in the fifty
largest cities and 537,893 in other areas.
For example, in New York City there is
a documented need for 77,500 slots, com-
pared with the aggregate of 40,541 which
could be provided if only the Administra-
tion's supplemental request is granted. Seat-
tle, Washington needs 5,000 slots; only 2,682
could be provided under the Administra-
tion's request.
The situation in smaller cities is similar.
For example, Jersey City, New Jersey needs
2,454 positions compared with the 1,498
which could be provided under the Admin-
istration's proposed funding levels.
.It should be noted that the National
League of Cities' figures represent in each
case the number which may be effectively
used. Actually, the number of youth who
could benefit if funds had been made avail-
able earlier is much greater. For example,
there are 1.7 million youth who could bene-
fit, in the job program-almost twice the
aggregate number to be covered if our re-
quest is granted.
We subbmtt that the supplemental ap-
prppriation of the amounts for the Neighbor.
hood Youth Corps summer program, and re-
lated transportation, is essential to meet the
very difficult employment situation among
poor youth. While the current national un-
employment rate is at 5.9 percent, the most
recently available statistics show a jobless
rate among teenagers in poverty neighbor-
hoods of 25.7 percent, with the rate among
black teenagers in such areas at 34.7 percent.
Experience indicates that even if the over-
all employment situation improves, as we
hope it will, poor youth will still continue
to have unemployment ranging from four to
five times the norm. There are substantial
signs that increases in the number of return-
ing veterans, economic cut-backs, and other
factors will aggravate further the youth un-
employment situation in the coming, sum-
mer.
Mr. Chairman, in my opinion there is no
domestic problem more shocking than that
of youth unemployment-except the drug
problem to which it relates all too often:
We cannot afford to continue to dash the
employment aspirations of so many at such
a crucial age.
Unfortunately, we will not be able to look
substantially to other public or private re-
sources to deal with the problem. The Emer-
gency Employment Act of 1971, which will
provide approximately 130,000 public sector
job opportunities in this fiscal year and a
similar number in the coming year will not
focus upon the needs of poor youth; accord-
ing to a preliminary survey taken by the De-
partment of Labor only 14 percent of those
now covered are in the age group below 21
years of age. Moreover, despite efforts which
we hope will be successful, it is likely that
general economic conditions will continue to
make it difficult for the private sector to take
up the slack through such voluntary job
programs as those conducted by the National
Alliance of Businessmen. The National Alli-
ance-which has a goal of 175,000 jobs for
this summer-was able to provide only 150,-
000 in each of the last two summers, even
during times when economic conditions were
generally more favorable. I ask that a copy
of a letter from the National Alliance of
Businessmen be included also in the hearing
record.
We do not consider it advisable to cut
the program to nine weeks, as proposed by
the Administration. It was reduced to a
nine-week program for the first time last
summer only as a temporary compromise
made in the last hour to make very inade-
quate funds spread as far as possibe. From
the standpoint of the poor, the difference
between ten and, nine weeks is more than
academic.. Poor youth depend upon the
wages derived from the program to con-
and, in many cases to the support of their
families.
I urge full and early consideration this
year so that public and non-profit spon-
sors will be able to plan effectively and
provide youth with meaningful alternatives
to continued frustration and restlessness.
Mr. Chairman, while these sums will not
meet the total need they are. substantial
and they will help enormously. I should
point out that they will be returned to some
extent in that they will permit many par-
ents now on welfare to engage in employ-
ment or training since their children will
be occupied during the day. Over the long
term they should decrease the possibility
that youth participants will fall into wel-
fare dependency themselves or find a way
of life grounded in juvenile delinquency,
drug addiction or crime, which is of such
a high.cost to society.
As members know, these programs have
been of particular concern to me through-
out the years, and I have felt it necessary
each year-in the context of the supple-
mental appropriation bill-to seek more
funds.
I am most grateful for the consideration
that has been extended by the members of
this Subcommittee in past years to this
program. While we have disagreed on the
amounts or what might be a reasonable
figure to fight for in Conference with the
House, the members have been most sd-
licitous and understanding.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, the mat-
ter has now been resolved in this confer-
ence report and, naturally, considering
the need we cannot jump up and down
about the result. But as far as conferees
are concerned, I would like very much to
express the appreciation of all 27 of us
to the conferees for the result achieved.
Mr. President, what happened was that
it is, practically speaking, split down the
middle, and instead of the Senate allow-
ance of $247 million or the House allow-
ance of $95 million, they compromised
on $156.5 million.
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, If the
Senator will yield the House allowed $95
million.
Mr. JAVITS. Yes, and the Senate fig-
ure was $247 million, That is right. The
compromise was just about down the
line, as far as the committee is con-
cerned. It allowed some $15 million for
summer recreation instead of the $12.8
million-proposed by the House or the
$21.9 million proposed by the Senate;
and $145.5 million for Neighborhood
Youth Corps summer job program in-
stead of $82 million proposed by the
House or the $223.9 million proposed by
the Senate.
As far as transportation is concerned,
it allowed some of the funds to be used
for that purpose, if necessary, and agreed
with the House, subject to concurrence by
the two Houses, that the money would be
available until September 30, 1972. This
will provide about 750,000 9-week jobs
with provision for recreation and trans-
portation, as I have just indicated. ,
I wish to thank the conferees very
much for the result which has been at-
tained with great particularity. I thank
the Senator from New Hampshire (Mr.
COTTON), the Senator from Washington
(Mr. MAGNUSON), the Senator from
North Dakota (Mr. YOUNG) who is the
ranking minority member of tfie com-
mittee, the Senator from Louisiana (Mr.
tribute to the costs of returning to school ELLENDER), the Senator from New Jer-
58119
sey (Mr. CASE), who is a member of the
Committee on Appropriations, who took
a very special part in this effort. I wish
to note it is the best we have done in this
group of Senators who have been so deep-
ly interested in summer jobs, in all the
years in recent times that we have been
fighting this battle. I deeply feel that
Members will see how helpful this is, es-
pecially In the teaming cities; like my
own New York City, and they will re-
ceive the gratification which the country
can give to dedicated men who achieve
results like this.
I have been a member of the Commit-
tee on Appropriations and I know how
dug-in people can become on the other
side, so I have a double appreciation of
this result.
Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, we could
not have had better supporters in con-
ference than the Senator from Washing-
ton (Mr. MAGNUSON), the Senator from
New Jersey (Mr. CASE), and the Sena-
tor from New Hampshire (Mr. COTTON).
They fought long and hard for the things
the Senator from New York is partic-
ularly 'interested in. They got the best
possible.
Mr. DAVITS. I am sure of that and I
am very grateful.
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I shall
make only a few brief remarks.
The total appropriations allowed in
conference for chapter VII of the second
supplemental appropriation bill for the
Departments of Labor, and Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare is $1,203,451,000. This
sum is $141,850,000 above the budget esti-
mates, is $306,962,000 under the total sum
recommended by the Senate and $224,-
550,000 above the amount allowed by the
House.
Mr. President, as usual this was a diffi-
cult conference. We were pitted against
both the House conferees and the ad-
ministration as they pressed for figures
that were much lower than ours. In the
face of such opposition, all the Senate
conferees worked hard to provide as
much of the Senate increases for chapter
VII of this bill as were possible-and in
the areas of greatest need.
We are just as disappointed as some
members that we could not do better in
providing a larger sum in some areas. I
am particularly disappointed that we
were not able to provide more money for
jobs and training of younger people
through the Neighborhood Youth Corps
and the student aid programs under the
Office of Education. Nonetheless, I be-
lieve that the views of this committee
and the Senate did exert some influence
in stimulating the-administration to offer
a supplemental request-however mini-
mal-for student aid; and I think we can
point with some pride to the fact that
this bill does include a total of $259 mil-
lion for the Departments of Labor and
HEW to provide jobs and educational op-
portunities that would otherwise be closed
to needy youngsters.
NEIGHBORHOOD YOVTH CORPS
In recognition of the extremely high
jobless rate among teenagers, the Sen-
ate provided funds which, when added
to funds already available, would have
provided about 950,000 job opportuni-
ties for economically disadvantaged
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and rural the sergeant at and $30,00 for the
continuing joint cmm ttee,Abringinng the total es ti-
yorLmgsters in
The conference bill, while fa ling short areas-especiallynareas urban
of the Senate proposal, will provide ad- high unemployment-to fully participate mated inaugural expenses to $650,000.
ditional jobs for about 750,000 young- in existing food stamp and commodity There are several aspects of this mat-
sters this summer. This is 150,000 more programs. The Senate conferees pointed ter that have impressed me. One is that
jobs than proposed by the administra- out that the administration's recently the cost for the 2-year period-
tion and the House. These youngsters announced food program did not involve Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, if the
will be provided a worthwhile work ex- any real increase in resources-merely a Senator will yield I wish to say to my
1970, think
perience summer. They " act. Further, the administra- thed infriend crease from for 1969, that
the streets and will be provided with pay Paul"
earnings which will enable them to com- tion's proposal in contrast to the Senate 3 years, and the 1972 increase was
r. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. I thank the
plete or continue their education. highounemploym nt but would involve 12 Mpercent.
FOLLOW THROUGH merely more of the same. The Senate Senator from Louisiana. The worksheet
The Senate recognized the need to proposal, in contrast, would concentrate given me by the committee shows 1970
follow up and reinforce the educational on reaching out to the poor, especially and 1971 increased cost factor of
benefits received by preschool young- the rural poor, and making existing food $114,135.
sters in Headstart programs. The Senate stamp and food commodity programs Mr. ELLENDER. The worksheet given
bill included $9 million to prevent the available to them. to you is not clear. It was really for
termination of 26 ongoing projects which Consequently, the Senate conferees 3 years.
are providing services to 8,300 educa- were successful in persuading the House Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Three
tionally disadvantaged grade school to include at least $20 million in the con- years.
children. Both the House and the admin- ference bill for this purpose. Since these Mr. ELLENDER. Yes.
istration favored termination of these funds in no way duplicate the recently Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. I thank the
projects. Nevertheless, we were able to announced administration food "plan," Senator.
fight to get at least $3 million restored the Senate fully intends and directs that The increased cost factor for that
which will allow continuation of the these funds shall be spent. The next 3-year period was 33 percent. Now, we
best projects for at least 1 more year. move is clearly up to the Office of Man- come to 1972, when the cost factor is
We are hopeful that many of the re- agement and Budget on the release of supposed to have been decreased and in-
maining projects will be able to be con- this money. flation is supposed-to be more under con-
tinued under funds appropriated for the NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE trol and we have a cost factor of 12 per-
educationally deprived children under includes the full cent. So for 3 years we had 11 percent
the Elementary and Secondary Educe.- The conference bill request of $40 million for construction of and for the present year 12 percent. That
tion Act. centers and training of addi- does not indicate to me that inflation is
HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENT AID cancer tional cancer research scientists. This under control. As a matter of fact, in-
flation is not under control and these
Here the Senate recognized the ever- supplemental will allow the National figures submitted by an official Govern-
increasing cost of higher education for Cancer Institute to get a "running tart" ment agency show that inflation is not
increasing numbers of students. The on building up the facilities and staff under control.
Senate bill added $300 million in order necessary for an all-out effort to conquer That is justification for asking for
that approximately the'same percent of this dread disease. $650,000 to finance the new inaugura-
student aid requests could be met in the - CONCLUSION tion which will take place in January
fall of 1972 as in the fall of 1971. The Mr. President, in closing, let me state 1973. I think the President of the United
Senate especially recognized the need that I thought chapter VII of the Senate States, whoever he may be, should have
for counseling large numbers of return- bill was a good one. The conference re- an appropriate inauguration. I think
ing veterans so that these young people port before, you, today, provides for an whatever sum is necessary to give to him
might make maximum use of their amount that should prove very helpful. an appropriate inauguration should be
benefits. This need was apparent to the e The amounts provided for some items appropriated by Congress.
Senate since only about one-fifth of the are not entirely to my satisfaction; how- However, Mr. President, I do wish to
veterans are using their GI benefits. ever, in the main, there will be adequate point out that during the 3-year period
The conference bill includes $100 mil- funds to meet necessary expenses of the 1969 through 1971 the costs are esti-
lion for these purposes. These funds will Departments of Labor, and Health, Edu- mated to have increased by 33 percent
provide over 165,000 additional scholar- cation and Welfare, and Related Agen- or 11 percent per year, whereas in 1972
ships and loans to needy youngsters this cies in fiscal year 1972, and we will be the increased cost factor is placed at 12
fall-most of whom would not otherwise back in this coming fiscal year to see percent. It would certainly indicate
be able to begin or continue their educa- if more can be done. clearly there has not been any leveling
tion. The funds will also provide in- Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I yield off or reduction in the inflationary as-
creased counseling to our returning vet- 15 minutes to my good friend from pect.
erans. This is very important "seed" Virginia. Now, as the Senate considers the
money because it can make the difference The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- $650,000 appropriation to finance the
between a veteran returning to school ator from Virginia is recognized. inauguration of the next President of
to make something of himself and lead- Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi- the United States, perhaps a bit of his-
ing a more productive life or being rele- dent, the conference report carries an tory might be of interest.
gated to a life of enforced idleness in item of $650,000 for the Joint Committee In 1944 my immediate predecessor in
a high unemployment economy. It-is easy on Inaugural Ceremonies for 1973. I un- this office was thelate Harry Flood Byrd,
to see how counseling at this crucial derstand from the committee that the Sr. He was chairman of the Committee
juncture can pay great dividends for our amount was determined in the following on Rules and Administration of the Sen-
veterans and our Nation. Nonetheless, the fashion: The 1969 expenditures were ate, and as such was chairman of the
administration failed to request funds $347,656. The Architect's estimate for the Joint Inaugural Committee. Franklin
for this item, and it was only because of upcoming inauguration started with that Delano Roosevelt was seeking his fourth
the hard work of the Senate conferees figure. Then, it was increased by a figure term, to which he was subsequently
that this item is in the final bill. of $114,135, that being what is called the elected. Plans were being made for the
EMERGENCY FOOD AND MEDICAL RESERVES increased cost factor of 32.8 percent, or inaugural ceremonies for January 1945.
The Senate included $30 million to one might say 33 percent during the 2 Senator Byrd advised President Roose-
allow the Office of Economic Opportunity years 1970 and 1971. Then, for the year velt that as chairman of the Inaugural
to restore this program to 70 percent of 1972 the increased cost factor is placed Committee he wanted to cooperate fully
the 1971 level. The Senate added these at 12 percent. In addition to that, pro- with the President, and would introduce
funds in recognition of theneed to pro- vision is made for snow removal and for legislation appropriating whatever
vide outreach, transportation and related administration expenses. amount of money President Roosevelt
services to allow some 2 million hungry The total is $570,206, plus $50,000 for desired for the inaugural ceremonies.
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May 18, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
The President notified Senator Byrd
that the amount of money to be appro-
priated was a decision for Congress to
make, whereupon Senator, Byrd recom-
mended a figure of $100,000.
Later President Roosevelt called a
press conference and said he had no idea
of spending such a gigantic sum of
money on his inauguration, and all he
needed was $25,000, and he would show
the economy-minded Senator from Vir-
ginia how to economize.
So Senator Byrd then came back to
the Senate, revised his request down-
ward from $100,000 to $25,000, which
the Senate and the Congress approved.
That approval was given by the Con-
gress on September 23, 1944.
In November of 1944,. immediately
after the election, the present senior
Senator from Virginia was in San Diego,
Calif., waiting to go to the Pacific as
a member of Naval Patrol Bombing
Squadron 13.
Senator Byrd, Sr., flew to California
to spend a few days with my wife and
me, and while he was there he got a
telephone call from Gen. Edwin M.
"Pa" Watson at the White House. Gen-
eral Watson said that they had been
doing some refiguring on the cost of the
inaugural ceremonies and that $25,000
would not be adequate.
Senator Byrd informed General Wat-
son that any figure the President wanted
for the inauguration, if he would write
a letter, he, Senator Byrd, would recom-
mend such amount to the Congress.
Two days passed, and General Wat-
son called again and he said that he had
talked with President Roosevelt and that
President Roosevelt was reluctant to
write such a letter because he thought
Senator Byrd might publish it. Senator
Byrd told General Watson to tell the
President not to be in doubt about that;
that he certainly would publish it and
would put it in the. CONGRESSIONAL REC-
ORD.
Another day passed, and General Wat-
son called again and said that he hoped
Senator Byrd would not insist upon a
letter from the President. Senator Byrd
did insist.
The next day General Watson called
again, and he said it was vitally im-
portant that Senator Byrd return im-
mediately to Washington, because it was
necessary to make sure the financial
matters for the inauguration would get
straightened out.
While it was inconvenient for him to
do so, Senator Byrd did return to Wash-
ington. President Roosevelt would not
give in by writing a letter requesting
an additional appropriation, nor would
Senator Byrd give in by making such a
request until he got such a letter from
the President.
As a result of these two strong-minded
men locking horns, the inauguration of
1945 was the most austere, I suppose, in
the history of the U.S. Government. I got
the figures from the Archives and the
records show that of the $25,000 con-
gressional appropriation, only $526.02
was used, with $24,473.98 being returned
to the Treasury.
So that was probably a somewhat
happy day for the taxpayers, but per-
haps not so happy a day for some of the
folks in the White House.
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. HARRY F. BRYD, JR. I am de-
lighted to yield to the distinguished
Senator from Louisiana.
Mr. ELLENDER. In his investigation
as to the costs of the 1944 inaugural,
did the Senator learn who was the
Santa Claus, because they certainly
could not do that for $500. Someone
must have made a contribution. .
Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. That aspect
I have some hesitancy putting into the
RECORD. These other records I can sub-
stantiate, but I am not able to substan-
tiate an answer to the question asked
by the distinguished senior Senator from
Louisiana. For that reason I have some
hesitancy in making a statement, but my
understanding is that there were some
supplemental funds or contingency
funds available from which an additional
amount was utilized.
Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. I yield to
the Senator from Nebraska.
Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, I com-
mend the Senator for his statement and
certainly want to add my words of ad-
miration and appreciation to his dis-
tinguished father and others who so
consistently practiced economy.
I happen to remember the 1945 in-
auguration. It will be recalled that at
that time we were still involved in a very
serious war in Europe and in the Pacific.
I do not believe there was a parade,
and my recollection is that the inaug-
uration took place at the White House,
just outside, and it was a very austere
occasion, no doubt brought about by
financial need as well as the fact that
the Nation was involved in a very grim
war situation.
Mr.--HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Yes. The
Senator from Nebraska brought out a
very interesting point. The Nation was
involved in war. The inauguration took
place only 3 or 4 months before the end-
ing of the war in Europe and about 7
months before the ending of the war
in the Pacific, and that, too, of course,
had a bearing on the cost. Nevertheless,
the facts bear out that plans were be-
ing made then for a much more elaborate
inaugural ceremony than eventually de-
veloped. It was held in the South Portico
of the White House.
Mr. President, I say again that, who-
ever may be President of the United
States at any particular point in our his-
tory, the American people want him to
have adequate appropriations from the
Federal Treasury so that he may have an
appropriate inauguration. If the com-
mittee feels that the $650,000 figure is an
appropriate one, then I do not contest
the figure other than to point out. that
the figures used to substantiate the sum
which is being requested are figures
which' indicate very clearly to me that
inflation is not being got under control,
because both the commitee and the Ar-
chitect ascertain that costs have gone up
33 percent ever the 3-year period of 1969,
1970, and 1971, and they project that
the cost will go up 12 percent during
S,8121
1972-each of these figures being com-
pared with 1969.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Louisiana has no further time
to 'yield. However, under the consent
agreement, the Senator from North Da-
kota (Mr. YOUNG) has 49 minutes re-
maining.
Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, I yield to
the Senator from Louisiana whatever
time he wishes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
ator from Louisiana.
Mr. ELLENDER. I thank the Senator.
Mr. President, I wish to commend the
Senator from Virginia for giving us the
interesting historical background on the
.swearing in of the late President Roose-
velt in 1945. I happened to be here, and
that happened to be his fourth inaugu-
ration. I think other factors that contrib-
uted to the fact that it was a short cere-
mony and that not much money was
spent on it was that it was the first time
a President ever took office for the fourth
time and it was during World War II.
But I am pleased, Mr. President, with
the attitude of the Senator from Vir-
ginia. As chairman of the committee, I
shall request that an accounting be taken
of all expenditures made and that it be
submitted to the Senate after the in-
auguration.
I thank the Senator from North Da-
kota.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who
yields time?
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I have
nothing further to add.
Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, I yield
back the remainder of my time.
Mr. ELLENDER. I yield back the re-
mainder of my time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. All re-
maining time having been yielded back,
the question is on agreeing to the con-
ference report.
The report was agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will state the amendments in disagree-
ment.
The legislative clerk read as follows:
Resolved, That the House recede from Its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 5 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the sum proposed by said
amendment, insert: "$67,835,000".
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 6 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the sum proposed by said
amendment, insert: "$4,380,000".
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 12 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur 'therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the matter proposed by said
amendment, insert the following: "Provided,
That there shall be advanced in fiscal year
1972, upon request of the board of directors
of any regional corporation established pur-
s(xant to section 7 of said Act, $500,000 for
any one regional corporation, which the Se-
cretary of the Interior shall determine to be
necessary for the organization of such re-
gional corporation and the village corpora-
tions within such region, and to identify
land for such corporations pursuant to said
Act, and to repay loans and other obliga-
tions previously incurred for such purposes:
Provided further, That such advances shall
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S 8122
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE
not be subject to the provisions of section
7(j) of said Act, but shall be charged to and
accounted for by such regional and village
corporations in computing the distributions
pursuant to section 7(j) required after the
first regular receipt of monies from the
Alaska Native Fund under section 6 of said
Act: Provided further, That no part of the
money so advanced shall be used for the or-
ganization of a village corporation that had
less than twenty-five Native reisdents living
within such village according to the 1970
census".
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 22 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the matter inserted by said
amendment, insert the following:
"HIGHER EDUCATION
"For an additional amount.for "Higher
Education," $100,000,000, including $45,000,-
000 for educational opportunity grants,
$25,600,000 for college work-study programs,
and $23,600,000 for student loans under the
National Defense Education Act: Provided,
That the funds appropriated herein shall re-
main available until June 30, 1973."
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 23 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the sum named in said
amendment, insert: "$20,000,000".
Resolved, That the House.recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 27 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the matter proposed by said
amendment, insert the following:
"CHAPTER IX
"PUBLIC WORKS
"DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
"Southwestern Power Administration
"Operation and Maintenance
"For an additional amount for 'Operation
and Maintenance', $180,000, to be derived by
transfer from the appropriation for 'Con-
struction,' Southwestern Power Administra-
tion
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 33 to the aforesaid bill, and
ooncur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows: In lieu of the sum named in said
amendment, insert: "$170,000,000".
Resolved, That the House recede from its
disagreement to the amendment of the Sen-
ate numbered 38 to the aforesaid bill, and
concur therein with an amendment as fol-
lows:
In lieu of the matter proposed by said
amendment, insert: "Provided further, That
the appropriations for the Federal office
building (superstructure), Chicago, Illinois;
the Courthouse and Federal office building
(superstructure), Philadelphia, Pennsylva-
nia; and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
building (superstructure), Washington, D.C.,
shall be available only upon the approval of
the revised prospectuses by the Committee
on Public Works of the Congress."
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I move
that the Senate concur in the amend-
ments of the House to the amendments
of the Senate numbered 5, 6, 12, 22, 23,
27, 33, and 38.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques-
tion is on agreeing to the motion of the
Senator from Louisiana.
The motion was agreed to.
Mr. ELLENDER. I ask unanimous con-
sent that the requirement this confer-
ence report be printed as a Senate report
be waived inasmuch as, under the rules
of the House of Representatives, it has
been printed as a report of the House of
cal.
The PRESIDING OFFIqER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
EIGN RELATIONS AUTHORIZA-
TIONS ACT OF 1972
fiiished business, S. 3526, which the clerk
w 4l state.
The legislative clerk read as follows,:
A bill (S. 3526) to provide authorizations
for certain agencies conducting the foreign
relatiohs of the United States, and for other
purposeg.
The RESIDING OFFICER. The
pending estion is on agreeing to the
amendmen (No. 1200) of the Senator
from Michi n (Mr. GRIFFIN).
Mr. ELL EIVER. Mr. President, I sug-
gest the absen of a quorum.
The PRESID G OFFICER. The clerk
Mr. ROBERT C. B . Mr. President,
I ask unanimous copse t that the order
for the quorum call be escinded.
The PRESIDING OFF R. Without
UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AG EMENT
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. P . ident,
I ask unanimous consent that re be
a time limitation of 1 hour on a nd-
of the amendhent, and the distinguished
Senator from''-. Arkansas (Mr. FuL-
The PRESIDING{ OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Ch ' hears none, and
Mr. ROBERT C. BYR . Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent hat the pend-
ing amendment by Mr. G FIN be tem-
porarily laid aside; that the rkenate pro-
ceed to the consideration of a endment
No. 1194; that the time on a mend-
ments to the amendment come ou of the
time on the amendment; and that the
conclusion of the hour, or at the ck}n-
elusion of the vote or votes on amen-
May 18, 1972
The second assistant legislative clerk
proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
The clerk will report the pending
amendment.
The assistant legislative clerk read as
follows:
The Senator from West Virginia (Mr.
BYRD) proposes an amendment numbered
1194, at the end of the bill-
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Not the Sena-
tor from West Virginia. The Senator
from West Virginia is not proposing the
a q iprum, under the same understand-
ing at before.
The'PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk
will call ?tie roll.
The secun.d assistant legislative clerk
proceeded thi call the roll.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimo consent that the order
for the quorum ll be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
BEALL). Without objection, it is so or
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the distin-
guished Senator from Louisiana (Mr.
LONG) may be recognized for not to ex-
ceed 2 minutes, without the time being
charged against the amendment which
has not yet been reported.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
WELFARE REFORM
LONG. Mr. President, some days
ago a Finance Committee announced
its de ' ion to replace the welfare ex-
pansion rtions of H.R. 1 with provi-
sions d ned to provide employment
opportunit for people. The commit-
tee felt tha roviding jobs and employ-
ment intend es was far preferable to
providing fun for more and more peo-
ple to have a aranteed income from
welfare, even tho h those people could
rather than a welfar dole is not new.
ary of HEW,
N liot Richardson, Sec "N'
c se to describe thesas WPA-type
job
r. resident, the people of this coun-
try hav had a chance to think about this
issue down through the years. If they
must make the choice between provid-
ing someone with a low-paying job or
providing the same amount of money
in welfare for doing nothing, I am sure
the people of this country would over-
whelmingly favor providing a low-pay-
ing job.
Secretary Richardson and his group
undertook to place some false, mislead-
ing, and high estimates on what it would
cost to provide work opportunities for
people. The committee feels that the type
of approach we advocate will cost no
more in the short run than the real cost
of the welfare expansion program, and
of the time on that amendment, the
amendment by Mr. GRIFFIN then be re-
stored to its original status as the pend-
ing amendment before the Senate.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Chair hears none, and
it is so ordered.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent that the amend-
ment by Mr. CHURCH and Mr. CASE also
be laid aside temporarily, under the same
specifications.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection? The Chair hears none, and it
is so ordered.
Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President,
I suggest the absence of a quorum-the
time to be equally charged against both
sides.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered. The clerk will
call the roll.
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une 30, 1971
H 178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE
my colleague from Colorado (Mr. Mc- The motion was agred to. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
KEVITT) in congratulating the conferees A motion to reconsider the votes by the request of the gentleman from Texas?
on providing $1,500,000 for a new mint which action was taken on the several Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, object,
may in the Denver area. While the mint is motions was laid on the table. reserving the oe.rig t tochairman of the I ask
not located in my district, many of my ma question ittee? Mr. Chairman, do you have an
constituents work at the mint to produce CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS, estimate for us of how many .dollars we
the coins so badly needed by our Nation. 1972 are acting on in this particular instance
They will heartily applaud this action.
Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, I move the Mr. MAHOI1. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- in relation to this continuing resolution?
previous question on the conference re- imous consent to take from the Speaker's Mr. MAHON. It is estimated that the
port desk the resolution (H.J. Res. 742) mak- Federal Government during the forth-
The previous question was ordered. ing continuing a or the coming fiscal year, which begins tomor-
The SPEAKER. The question is on the fiscal year 1972, and for other purposes, row, will spend about $229 billion. That
the January tu budget esti-
conference report. with Senate amendments thereto, and was the original
The conference report was agreed to. concur in the Senate amendments. all the
A motion to reconsider was laid on the. The Clerk read the title of the joint which includes social
p ograty, and ace
table. resolution.
AMENDMENTS IN DISAGREEMENT The Clerk read the Senate amend- tivities. The appropriation bills that the
The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report ments, as follows: resolution will temporarily substitute for
Page 4, after line 20, insert: run to about $150 billion. The resolution
the hest amendment oflows: disagreement. "activities of the Maritime Administra- merely enables the Government to carry
The Clerk read as follows: Department of Commerce;". on at certain levels which are prescribed
Senate amendment No. 8. On page 6, line Page 4, after line 20, insert: and which have been time-honored
7, insert: "salaries of supporting personnel, courts through adoption of continuing resole-
"CONSTRUCTION OF MINT FACILITIES of appeals, district courts, and other judicial tions by the House and the Senate in the
"For expenses necessary for construction services; The resolution Covers the Whole
of Mint facilities, as authorized by the Act Page 4, after line 20, insert: past. . Therir.
of August 20, 1963, as amended (31 U.S.C. "activities in support of Fr Europe, In-
291-249), $1,500,000, to remain available un- acorporated, and nd Radio Liberty, Incorporated, pursuant o on T7 of the major annualnappropriation
411 expended." authority contained in the United States In- bills; three of them will go to the Presi-
MOTION OFFERED BY MR. STEED formation and Education Exchange Act of dent this weekend. It is estimated that
Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 1948, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1437) : Provided, the remaining seven regular appropria-
motion. That no other funds made available under tion bills may very well be considered
The Clerk read as follows: this resolution shall be available for these during July. Certainly we expect that
Mr. STEED moves that the House recede activities; 11. most of them will be passed by the House
from its disagreement to the amendment of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to during that period. It may be that the
the senate numbered 6 and concur therein. the request of the gentleman from Defense iappropriation bill cannot move
The motion was agreed to. Texas? because of lack of authorization.
The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, reserving But it would seem that we have done, if
the next amendment in disagreement. the right to object, may we have a brief I may say so, a good job in moving the
The Clerk read as follows: explanation of the Senate amendments?. bills in the House of Representatives, and
Senate amendment No. 14. On page 13, line Mr. MAHON, Mr. Speaker, this is a I must say also that the other body is co-
13, insert: continuing resolution which passed the operating fully in this undertaking.
"SPECIAL ACTION OFFICE FOR DRUG ABUSE House last week, which was modified I think we have done a good job in
PREVENTION in ?a very limited way by the other body. June in moving appropriation bills, and
"SALARIES AND EXPENSES We are proposing to send it to the Presi- if we can do as well in July as we have
"For necessary expenses of the special dent without going.to conference. done in June, I think we will have reason
Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, in- Insofar as I know, the Committee on to be proud of our accomplishments with
cluding grants and contracts for drug abuse Appropriations is unanimous in support respect to the handling of these particu-
prevention and treatment programs, $3,- of the resolution. It was modified in a lar measures.
000,000 to remain available until expended:
this small way because certain funds Mr. DELLENBACK. May I say to the
Provided, That bur rse ap the made ade he appropriation for r were knocked out on House floor points Chairman that I join in the feeling that
'Special Speci for of order in a bill passed recently in the the Appropriations Committee is moving
'ale Projects', b for expenditures dit
the purposes of this appropriation: Provided House, relating to the Maritime Admin- in a very commendable fashion. May I
further, That this appropriation shall be istration and an item in the judiciary. also say that I think it is imperative that
available only upon the enactment into law We informally asked the Senate Commit- we pass a continuing appropriation reso '
of authorizing legislation." tee to make two of the amendments on, 'lutioil: But do I correctly understand, Mr.
MOTION OFFERED BY MR. STEED' * that" account: # 1 ,'we do not make"prOvi- Chairman, if you will yield for a further
Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, I offer a sion for these agencies to continue at inquiry, that this action we are now tak-
motion. the beginning of the new fiscal year, they ing is, in effect, authorizing spending de-
The Clerk read as follows: will be without funds beginning tomor- pending upon the passage of other ap-
Mr. STEED moves that the House recede row. propriation bills involving literally bil-
from its disagreement to the amendment of The third change made by the other lions of dollars?
the Senate numbered 14 and concur therein. body was a provision separately speci- Mr. MAHON. The gentleman is ab-
The motion was agreed to. fying the inclusion of funds for continu- solutely correct. This is a very important
The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report ing the activities of Radio Free Europe. measure. Without this measure, which is
the next amendment in disagreement. The Radio Free Europe activities were a stop-gap arrangement pending invest-
The Clerk read as follows: already included in the resolution as it ment of the regular appropriation bills,
nt No. 22. On page 22, passed the House. But the other body the Government would come to a shriek-
line s,e Ansert "menddmment . N the $4,209,000 ap chose to name it specifically as one of ing halt. This is one of the means by
propriated under the heading 'Sites and Ex- those programs which would be sup- which we are able under our system to
penses, Public Buildings Projects', in the ported. Otherwise, the continuing reso- continue the operation of the Govern-
Second Supplemental Appropriation Act, lution is identical to the resolution ment.
1971, Public Law 92-18, shall also remain which passed the House, and when it PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY
available until expended." passed the House it provided that Gov-
MOTION Mr. DELLENBACK. I thank the Chair-
Mr. OFFERED BY MR. STEED ernment activities could continue at man.
Mr. STEED.. Mr. Speaker, I offer a certain minimum levels of expenditure, inquiry.
motion. to August 6, when the summer recess Mr. The parliamentary ary in in will
stThe Speaker, a it.
The Clerk read as follows: is scheduled to begin. The
Mr. STEED moves that the House recede Mr. GROSS. I thank the distinguished
from its disagreement to the amendment of Chairman for his explanation. Mr. Mr. DELLENBACK. May I. ask the
the Senate numbered 22 and concur therein. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation. Speaker to explain to the House, so we
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June 30, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
partment, the United States Postal Service, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse
the Executive Office of the-President, and cer- Prevention
tain independent agencies, for the fiscal year Amendment No. 14: Reported in technical
ending June 30, 1972, and for other purposes, disagreement. The managers on the part of
submit the following joint statement to the the House will offer a motion to recede and
House and the Senate in explanation of the concur in the Senate amendment to appro-
effect of the action agreed upon by the man-
r
ae $3,000,000 for the Special Action office
tigers and recommended in the accompanying p
for Drug Abuse Prevention in the Executive
conference report: Office of the President to coordinate the
TITLE I-TREASURY DEPARTMENT President's drug abuse program.
Office of the Secretary TITLE IV-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
Amendment No. 1: Appropriates $11,640,- General ServicesAdministration
000 for salaries and expenses as proposed by Construction, Public Buildings Projects
the Senate instead of $11,300,000 as proposed
by the House. Amendment No. 15: Appropriates $200,440,-
000 for public buildings projects as proposed
Bureau of Customs by the Senate instead of $1
5
,
9 9
19,000 as pro-
A
d
men
ment No. 2: Provides for purchase
of 353 passenger motor vehicles as proposed
by the Senate instead of 203 as proposed by
the House.
Amendment No. 3: Provides for purchase
of 34:3 police-type vehicles as proposed by the
Senate instead of 193 as proposed by the
House.
Amendment No. 4: Deletes one word for
technical clarity as proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 5: Appropriates $189,-
000,000 for salaries and expenses as proposed
by the Senate instead of $174,000,000 as pro-
posed by the House.
posed by the House,
Amendment No. 16: Appropriates $8,339,-
000 for a Federal office building, Mobile, Ala-
bania, as proposed by the House.
Amendment No. 17: Appropriates $2,067,-
000 for a courthouse and Federal office build-
ing In Fayetteville, Arkansas, as proposed by
the Senate.
Amendment No. 18: Appropriates $3,248,-
000 for a post office, courthouse, and Federal
office building in Oxford, Mississippi, as pro-
posed by the House.
Amendment No. 19: Appropriates $2,454,-
000 for a post office, courthouse
,
and Feder
l
a
The increase over the House allowance is office building in Elkins, West Virginia, as
to provide funds to implement the Presi- proposed by the Senate.
dent's Drug Abuse Program which was not Sites and Expenses, Public Buildings Projects
considered by the House. Amendment No. 20: Changes appropriation
The managers agree that the funds pro- title.
vided in this bill to carry out the President's Amendment No. 21: Appropriates $17,749,-
Drug Abuse Program should be utilized by 500 as proposed by the Senate instead of $15,-
the agencies to which appropriated in the 050,000 as proposed by the House. The addi-
manner best calculated to achieve the pur- tional language provides funds for sites and
poses of the program. expenses of the following public building
Bureau of the Mint projects: Fayetteville, Arkansas; New Or-
Construction of Mint Facilities leans, Louisiana; Las Cruces, New Mexico;
Amendment No. 6: Reported in technical and Elkins, West Virginia.
disagreement. The managers on the part of disagreement. Amlnent. The managers rstod t eepart of
on part of
the House will offer a motion to recede and the House will offer a motion ft to recede and
concur in the Senate amendment which pro- concur in the Senate amendment to ratify
vides $1,500,000 for purchase of a site for a the intent of the period of availability of the
new mint facility, and provides that the appropriation contained in the Second Sup-
funds remain available until expended. plemental Appropriation Act, 1971.
Bureau of Public Debt Expenses, U.S. Court Facilities
Amendment No. 7: Appropriates $77,490,- Amendment No. 23: Appropriates $2,780,-
000 instead of $75,990,000 as proposed by the 000 as proposed by the House Instead of
House and $79,240,000 as proposed by the $2,683,000 as proposed by the Senate.
Senate.
""a~JPa Lice thorny for the fiscal year 1972 recommended
Amendment No. 8: Provides for procure- by the Committee of Conference, with com-
inent of 99 vehicles as proposed by the Sen- parisons to the fiscal year 1971 amount, the
ate instead of 49 as proposed by the House. 1972 budget estimate, and the House and
Amendment No. 9: Deletes one word for Senate bills for 1972 follows:
technical clarity as proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 10: Appropriates $792,-
500,000 instead of $780,000,000 as proposed
by the House and $797,500,000 as proposed
by the Senate. -
TITLE II-U.S. POSTAL SERVICE
Payment to the Postal Service fund
Amendment No. 11: Appropriates $1,217,-
522,000 as proposed by the House instead of
$1,433,922,000 as proposed by the Senate.
TITLE III-EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
National Security Council
New budget (obligational) Amount
authority, fiscal year 1971_ $5,567,458,900
Budget estimates of new
(abligational) authority
(as amended); fiscal year
1972 -------------------- 4, 809, 216, 000
House bill, fiscal year 1972_ 4, 487, 676, 190
Senate bill, fiscal year 1972__ 4, 752, 789, 690
Conference agreement------ 4, 528, 986, 690
Conference agreement com-
pared with:
New budget (obligational)
authority, fiscal year
1
7
9
1 ------------------ 2 1, 038, 472,210
Amendment No. 12: Deletes language
pro- Budget estimates of new
posed by the Senate to provide for declassi- (obligational) authority
fication and publication of National Security (as amended), fiscal year
Council documents. 1972 ------------------ Office of Management and Budget House bill, fiscal year 1972- +41,310, ,500
Amendment No. 13: Appropriates $19,250,- Senate bill, fiscal year 1972_ -223,808, 000
000 for salaries and expenses instead of $19,- 'Includes budget amendments of$28,640,-
000,000 as proposed by the House and $19,- 000 contained in H. Doe. 92-133 which were
500,000 as proposed by the Senate. not considered by the House.
H 6177
Direct comparability between 1971 and
1972 figures Is not possible due to change in
formula for calculating costs pursuant to
Postal Reorganization Act, Public Law 91-
375.
TOM STEED,
TTO E. PASSMAN,
JOSEPH P. ADDABBO,
EDWARD R. ROYBAL,
LOUIS STOKES,
GEORGE MAHON,
HOWARD W. ROBISON,
JACK EDWARDS,
DONALD W. RIEGLE, Jr.,
JOHN T. MYERS,
FRANK T. Bow,
Managers on the Part of the House.
JOSEPH M. MONTOYA,
ALLEN J. ELLENDER, -
DANIEL K. INOUYE,
J. CALEB BOGGS,
GORDON ALLOTT,
Managers on the Part of the Senate.
Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani-
mous consent for the immediate con-
sideration of the conference report on
the bill (H.R. 9271) making appropria-
tions for the Treasury Department, the
U.S. Postal Service, the Executive
Office of the President, and certain in-
dependent agencies.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of, the gentleman from
Oklahoma?
There was no objection.
Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan-
imous consent that the statement be
read in lieu of the report.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Okla-
homa?
There was no objection.
The Clerk read the statement.
Mr. STEED (during the reading). Mr.
Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that
the statement be considered as read.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, it
is so ordered.
There was no objection.
Mr. McKEVITT. Mr. Speaker, I want
to compliment the conferees on th
e
Treasury, Postal Service, and General
Government appropriations bill for their
excellent work and especially for in-
cluding funds for a site for a new Den-
ver Mint.
The conferees demonstrated foresight.
If Congress continues to support this
vital project, the new Denver Mint should
be in operation by 1980, or just at the
time when the Nation's coin needs will
be outpacing present mint capabilities.
With existing facilities, the Bureau of
the Mint is capable of providing about
9 billion coins per year. By 1980, it is
estimated this need will increase to about
12 billion coins per year and, by 1985,
the estimated need will be about 16 bil-
lion.
The new Denver Mint not only will
benefit Denver but it will benefit the
Nation.
There was some urgency in this appro-
priation because the Bureau of the Mint
must find a suitable site in Denver so
that work can begin.
Again, my compliments to the con-
ferees for their foresight in this matter.
Mr. BROTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I join
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may have no misunderstanding as to the
nature of the matter upon which we are
now being asked to give unanimous con-
sent, will there be a chance to vote on
this particular measure if we withdraw
objection to the unanimous consent
request?
The SPEAKER. There are Senate
amendments to a House-passed resolu-
tion. These amendments have to be acted
upon. They are to be voted upon by the
House.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, a
further parliamentary inquiry.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman will
state it.
Mr. DELLENBACK. If this Member is
desirous of asking for a rollcall vote on
the approval of this particular continu-
ing appropriation measure, would this be
the time to bring it to the attention of
the Chair and withdraw the reservation
of objection?
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, if I may say
a word, the request for unanimous con-
sent was to take from the Speaker's table
House Joint Resolution 742 making con-
tinuing appropriations for the fiscal year
1972, and for other purposes, with Senate
amendments thereto, and concur in the
Senate amendments. The request, I be-
lieve, would not open up the measure for
a rollcall vote. We would have to use a
different procedure if we wanted a roll-
call vote on the measure, as I see it. The
Speaker, of course, will make his own
ruling.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman is cor-
rect.
Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania. Mr.
Speaker, reserving the right to object,
actually is not the continuing resolution
at a lower rate than the proposed budg-
et for fiscal year 1972, so that it is really
a saving to vote for the continuing reso-
lution?
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, the gentle-
man from Pennsylvania is absolutely
correct, because the rate of spending un-
der the budget for fiscal year 1972 is
higher than would be permitted under
the continuing resolution in many in-
stances.
May I say also that in cases where
funds are expended for any given pro-
gram, when the regular appropriation
bill for 1972 takes effect the sums ex-
pended, under the resolution will be sub-
tracted from, or charged to, the amount
made available, in the regular bill. That
is provided for in the resolution.
We are using this consent technique
merely to save the time of the House,
with the thought that there is probably
complete unanimity in support of the
resolution.
Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania. So
this is a savings, rather than an in-
crease. It is a savings, and this is an
economy measure.
Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva-
tion.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker,
further reserving the right to object to
the unanimous consent request, I do not
know whether this question is truly a
parliamentary inquiry or a question to
the chairman of the committee. It would
be my interpretation, from what the
Speaker has said, that we will proceed
after the unanimous consent request to
consider this matter to a point where we
can have a vote.
If I correctly understand the manner
in which the chairman of the commit-
tee made his request, this is pulled to-
gether. If it is desirable that we at least
obtain the will of the House, as to
whether there will be a vote on this ap-
propriation, literally spending billions of
dollars, it will be necessary for me to
object, and to ask for a vote.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman is cor-
rect.
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. DELLENBACK. I am glad to yield
to the minority leader.
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. I know the
gentleman from Oregon has indicated he
wants a rollcall on all appropriation bills.
He has notified me and the Members on
our side, and perhaps all Members.
Would it not be better, under these cir-
cumstances, inasmuch as the gentleman
does want a rollcall vote, for the chair-
man of the committee to withdraw the
unanimous consent request and to move
in a different manner?
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw
the request previously made.
Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent
to take from the Speaker's table the joint
resolution, House Joint Resolution 742-
making continuing appropriations for
the fiscal year 1972, and for other pur-
poses, with Senate amendments thereto,
and consider the Senate amendments.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The Clerk read the Senate amend-
ments, as follows:
Page 4, after line 20, insert:
"activities of the Maritime Administration,
Department of Commerce; ".
Page 4, after line 20, insert:
"salaries of supporting personnel, courts
of appeals, district courts, and other judicial
services; ".
Page 4, after line 20, insert:
"activities in support of Free Europe, in-
corporated, and Radio Liberty, Incorporated,
pursuant to authority contained in the
United States Information and Education
Exchange Act of 1948, as amended (22 U.S.C.
1437) : Provided, That no other funds made
available under this resolution shall be
available for these activities; ".
Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani-
mous consent that the Senate amend-
ments be considered as read and printed
in the RECORD.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Ohio?
There was no objection.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the unanimous-consent request to take
from the Speaker's table 1e joint reso-
lution, House Joint Resolution 742-
with Senate amendments thereto and
consider the Senate Amendments?
There was no objection.
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I propose
to offer motions to concur 'in the three
Senate amendments.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman can
move that the Senate amendments be
concurred in.
MOTION OFFERED BY MR. MAHON
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I move that
the Senate amendments be concurred in.
The Senate amendments-1, 2, and 3-
have been explained heretofore, involv-
ing the Maritime Administration and the
other matters.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
motion offered by the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. MAHON).
PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, a
parliamentary inquiry.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman will
state his parliamentary inquiry.
Mr. DELLENBACK. If we concur in
the Senate amendments we in effect have
acted as a House to approve the appro-
priations involved; is that correct?
The SPEAKER. Just the Senate
amendments. The House already has
passed the appropriation resolution.
These are just the Senate amendments.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, a
further parliamentary inquiry.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman will
state it.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Is this the last
vote that we will have on the question,
in effect, of approving in final form the
appropriation involved in the continuing
resolution?
The SPEAKER. The gentleman is cor-
rect.
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I move to
concur in the Senate amendments.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
motion offered by the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. MAHON).
The question was taken; and the
Speaker announced that the ayes ap-
peared to have it.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, on
that I demand the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were refused.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, I
object to the vote on the ground that
a quorum is not present and make the
point of order that a quorum is not
present.
The SPEAKER. The Chair will count.
Two hundred eighteen Members are
present, a quorum.
So the Senate amendments were con-
curred in.
A motion to reconsider was laid on
the table.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members may
be permitted to extend their remarks
on the House joint resolution just passed
and that I be permitted to include
extraneous material.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Texas?
There was no objection.
PERSONAL EXPLANATION
Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall
No. 173 I am recorded as not being pres-
ent. I was addressing a national associa-
tion group at the time the vote was
taken. Had I been present I would have
voted "aye."
PERSONAL EXPLANATION
Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, I was
absent yesterday at the time of the roll-
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call vote on final passage of the bill H.R.
9417. Had I been present, I would have
voted "aye."
PERSONAL STATEMENT
Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, at the time
of rollcall No. 172, I was attending gradu-
ation ceremonies of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation at the request of my con-
stituent who was in the graduating class.
Had I been present on the motion to
table House Resolution 489 I would have
voted "yea."
BOBBY MITCHELL WINS
CLEVELAND OPEN
(Mr. DANIEL of Virginia asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute., to revise and extend
his remarks and to include an editorial.)
Mr. DANIEL of Virginia. Mr. Speaker,
I rise today to speak in praise of excel-
lence-excellence, in this instance, as
displayed by a young man from my dis-
trict, Mr. Bobby Mitchell, of Danville, Va.
When this fellow was caddy for me,
I addressed him as "Bobby." His per-
formance last week, in earning first place
at the Cleveland Open, has won him the
title of "Mr. Mitchell."
You will note I said "earning first
place"-not winning. For in the field Mr.
Mitchell has chosen-professional golf-
honors are not won or bestowed, they are
earned. They are earned by hard work,
by practice, by constant, day-by-day
striving until the time arrives when
public recognition is achieved.
This young man's whole life has cen-
tered around his goal of becoming a pro-
fessional golfer. He started caddying
when he was quite young, and took up
the game as a participant at the age of 13.
By the time he was 15, he was named
assistant pro at the club, and his talent,
combined with a dogged determination
to succeed began to become obvious.
Fortunately for Bobby, no one told him
when he was a young boy that he was
"disadvantaged"; no one reminded him,
day after day, that society owed him
something. Instead, Bobby felt he was
the debtor, and recognized a responsibil-
ity to his parents and to his younger
brothers to help out as best he could by
caddying.
Bobby's performance at the Cleveland
Open netted him $30,000-not a bad
week's pay for a high-school dropout.
But that really is not significant. What
is significant is that Bobby has perse-
vered, despite early-life hardships and
professional setbacks. For this was
Bobby's first big win in 6 years on the
professional circuit.
There are many things I might say
about Bobby Mitchell, but he says them
better for himself, as quoted in the Dan-
ville Bee:
I thought I could play like I did the other
3 days. I was not trying to protect, or any-
thing. I just wanted to go out there and play
good.
And he did.
At another point, Bobby said-
Everything fell in place this week.
I believe he was being far too modest.
Fifteen years of effort, practice, and con-
tinual striving for excellence were re-
warded. He accomplished this himself-
nobody gave it to him.
BOBBY: I $NEw WHAT To Do
(By Al Milley)
Bobby Mitchell, usually a. late sleeper,
awoke at 7:30 Sunday morning and was un-
able to go back to sleep.
The 28-year-old Danville pro didn't tee off
until 2:01 and he would have liked to have
slept longer. The more time he had to think
the more nervous he became and it was a
long morning sitting in the hotel room
Mitchell was in the driver's seat with a
four-shot lead going into the final round of
the Cleveland Open but he'd been there be-
fore.
In the 1970 Azalea Tournament at Wil-
mington, N.C., Mitchell took a four-shot lead
into the final round only to three-putt the
final three holes and lose by one.
"That was on my mind a lot Saturday
night and I had a lot of time to think about
it Sunday morning," remarked Mitchell to-
day before returning to Danville with his
family and a check for $30,000 after scoring
his first pro victory in six years with a final
round 65.
"I think I learned something at Wilming-
ton and I felt that if I ever got in that-posl-
tion again I'd know what to do. I thought I
could coast around that final round last year
and it didn't work out so this time I decided
to keep playing my game and go for birdies
the way I-had the first three rounds."
The long morning didn't seem to affect
Mitchell's game as he opened with three
straight birdies, holing 12-foot putts at one
and two and tapping in a two-footer at three
after narrowly missing a hole-in-one. "I hit
an eight-iron about six feet past the pin and
it backed up and lipped the cup before stop-
ping two feet in front. Those three birdies
got me over my early jitters and gave me a
lot of confidence but I still wasn't ready to
coast."
Mitchell scrambled for a par at four, hol-
ing a five-footer, and went four under for the
day with a birdie at six, knocking in a 10-
footer. He missed a 10-foot birdie putt at
nine and made the turn in 31 for a five shot
lead over the field . . . and still not ready
to coast.
A hint ofpossible trouble came at 10 when
a bad tee-shot put him under a small pine
tree. "The ball was about an Inch from the
base of the tree and I had to chip out." De-
spite having to play a safe shot, Mitchell al-
most birdied the par five hole when he put
his third shot (a four-wood) 15 feet from
the pin and two-putted for a par.
The lead ballooned to six shots with a two-
foot birdie putt at 11 but Mitchell still wasn't
ready to start coasting.
He snaked in a 10-foot downhill putt to
salvage par at 12 and made routine pars on
the next five holes to maintain his lead.
At 17, he birdied from 15 feet and he went
to the 18th tee with a seven shot lead
and now he was ready to coast.
"It really felt good to have a seven-shot
lead on the last hole. I knew I had it then
and I really let out off the tee and hit one
of the best drives I'd hit all week. I just had
a nine-iron to the green and I left it about 20
feet from the hole. I knew I could six-putt
the green and still win so I figured I had it."
Mitchell lagged up for his par and the first
place check for $30,000.
His round included 22 birdies, one eagle
and two bogies and his 22-under for the tour-
nament was just one shot off the all-time
low set this year by Miller Barber at Phoenix.
"If I had known I was that close to an. all-
time record I might have played those last
few holes a little different but I was just glad
to make par."
The victory hiked Mitchell's winnings for
the year to around $50,000 with the tourna-
ment season just half gone. Last year he
won around $36,000 in official money.
"I'm probably over $53,000 now in unoffi-
cial money this year and this win will most
likely mean a lot more than $30,000.
"I'll collect on some contracts I've already
signed and there'll probably be other en-
dorsements as a result of winning. It also
means I'm exempt for next year and it gets
me In the $200,000 match-play tournament
at Pinehurst in August and it gets me in the
Tournament of Champions next year.
"I waited five years for this and it really
felt great. The people in Cleveland were
really behind me and they let me know
it when I walked up the 18th fairway. It's
something I'll never forget.
"I've been playing real good recently and
I hit the ball real good at the Open but I
didn't score too well, Everything fell in place
this week and after three good rounds I was
just trying to avoid that 75 round that could
blow everything."
Mitchell avoided the 75 and the nightmare
at Wilmington showed him what to do .. .
and he went out and did it.
IT IS TIME TO QUIT PIDDLING
AROUND ON MHD
(Mr. MELCHER asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute, to revise and extend his remarks
and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. MELCHER. Mr.. Speaker, during
my attempt yesterday to obtain increased
funds for MHD, or magnetohydrody-
namics, research for the Office of Coal
Research in the Interior appropriations
bill, I alluded to an article in Fortune
magazine on "New Ways to More Power
With Less Pollution."
I now submit it for the RECORD, for it is
an important statement of our energy
situation, and the potential solutions to
it.
Fortune comments that research and
development work in the energy source
field has been at a standstill for over 2
years because of inadequate funding.
I can vouch for that. The administra-
tion asked a paltry $400,000 for MHD re-
search last year. We did get it raised to
$600,000, but that was still paltry meas-
ured by need.
The appropriation this year is $1 mil-
lion for MHD studies. I sought to raise
it to $5 million, and it really should be
$10 or $15 million.
Development of MHD generation will
cost $50 to $75 million. The scientists say
that, adequately funded, it can be done
in 5 or 6 years.
Fortune magazine tells us in their ar-
ticle that new energy alternatives, in-
cluding MHD, do not offer instant solu-
tions to our energy shortage "for much
hard development still lies ahead, but
they need vigorous- support now to meet
the goals of 1980."
Fortune is right, and we are not going
to have MHD ready to go on the line
with needed low-cost, low-pollution en-
ergy by 1980 if we continue to appro-
priate a piddling $1 million a year to ac-
complish a $50 million job.
If we need clean energy sources by
1980-and we need them right now-we
should be appropriating $10 million an-
nually to MHD research.
The Fortune article follows:
[From Fortune Magazine, November 19701
NEW WAYS TO MORE POWER WITH LESS
POLLUTION
(By Lawrence Lessing)
As the pall of power dimouts and pollution
creeps over the U.S., warnings are increasing-
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 November 19, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE f H 11309
the other body. I say it may be. It may
not be. There are certain concurrent
olutions that must be passed by the
res
nouncement, so the Members may know, ORD between my colleagues on the Educa-
the election reform bill will be the first tion and Labor Committee, the gentleman
order of business when we return on No- from Illinois (Mr. ERLENBORN) and the
M GREEN)
s
(
other body, and we have to wait on them. vember 29
Mr. GROSS. Could the gentleman give Mr. BOGGS. That is correct.
us any idea how long this recess might
be? Will that carry us into the night?
Mr. BOGGS. No. My expectation would
be that it would not be long, and it may
not be at all.
Mr. GROSS. That would be my hope.
If we are going into recess for the trans-
action of business that could run until
late, I would certainly make sure that
there was a quorum here to transact such
business. I only say this because
Mr. BOGGS. I am entirely sym-
pathetic with the gentleman's point of
view. I am as anxious to let the Mem-
bers conclude today''s business as quickly
as possible as the gentleman is, but we
are all confronted, I think, with certain
inescapable facts.
Mr. GROSS. I say that because I think
the good things of life ought to be spread
to the greatest number.
Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva-
tion of objection.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Louis-
iana?
There was no objection.
RAILROAD - HIGHWAY SAFETY -
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
OF THE UNITED STATES
The SPEAKER laid before the House
the following message from the Presi-
dent of the United States; which was
read and, together with the accompany-
ing papers, referred to the Committee
on Interstate and Foreign Commerce:
To the Congress of the United States:
I am pleased to submit to the Congress
part I of a two-part study of railroad-
highway safety in accordance with the
requirements of the Federal Railroad
Safety Act of 1970 (P.L. 91-458).
Railroad-highway grade crossing safe-
ty is not a simple issue. It has many
complexities which arise from such fac-
tors as the division of authorities and
responsibilities for grade crossing safety
among many governmental levels and
jurisdictions, the -important role of the
private railroad companies who own and
maintain the rights-of-way, the division
of financial responsibilities between gov-
ernment and the private industry, and
the cost and reliability of protective de-
LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM FOR
WEEK OF NOVEMBER 29
(Mr. ARENDS asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute.)
Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I take this
time in order to ask the majority leader
if he will inform us of the legislative pro-
gram.
Mr. BOGGS. Will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ARENDS. I Yield to the gentle-
man.
Mr. BOGGS. In reply to the gentle-
man, let me say that we will conclude
the legislative program for this week
with the conclusion of the pending bill.
We will be in recess all of next week.
When we return on Monday a week, we
will continue the consideration of the
Federal election reform bill. We will be
in the amendment stage on that bill
when we return, and a final vote is an-
ticipated either on Monday or on Tues-
day.
That will be followed by H.R. 11589,
the foreign sale of passenger vessels,
which has previously been on the whip
notice. That has an. open rule with 1
hour of debate.
Then we will have the D.C. appropria-
tion bill.
I should like to announce in connec-
tion therewith that of the foreign aid
appropriation and the supplemental ap-
propriation, which are the last two reg-
ular appropriations to be considered, are
ready for action, we will call them up
sometime during that week.
H.R. 1163, strategic storable agricul-
tural commodities amendment, subject
to a rule being granted.
Conference reports may, of course, be
brought up at any time and any further
program will be announced later.
Mr. ARENDS. May I just say to the
gentleman that according to this an-
vices and grade separations.
The Report was prepared by th
problems involved. It contain
history of the grade crossin
tion will be presented in
Report to be submitted
r
.
gentlewoman from Oregon
concerning the effect of the Equal Em-
ployment Opportunities Act as passed by
the House. I must say that all the dis-
cussion about the Legislative Reorga-
nization Act and whether or not exten-
sions of remarks should be placed in
different type, certainly clouds the issue.
The heart of the matter is whether the
Erlenborn substitute, which was nar-
rowly substituted for the committee bill,
supersedes the Equal Pay Act.
In my opinion it does and in rereading
the materials which Congressman ERLEN-
BORN released at the time he introduced
his bill I get the distinct impression that
at that time he may have so concluded
as well. In the "Explanation and Analysis
of H.R. 9247," which the gentleman from
Illinois inserted in the RECORD, he states
that the effect of his "exclusive remedy"
section was: "to supersede employment
discrimination proceedings now being
filed under the Civil Rights Act of 1866
and the National Labor Relations Act,
amongst others." If thF "amongst others"
did not include the Equal Pay Act, I
would like to know what others it did
include. Mrs. GREEN'S repeated conten-
tions then, are absolutely precise.
Let me add in conclusion that our opin-
ion of the effect of the Erlenborn substi-
tute is supported by many others out-
side this Chamber. A casual reading of
the hearings held recently by the Senate
Labor Subcommittee on their version of
the act provides several examples. In par-
ticular I call attention to the statements
by Olga Mador, vice president of the
United Automobile Workers, Mrs. Sher-
man Ross, chairman of the Legislative
Program Committee of the American As-
sociation of University Women, and Doris
Meisner of the National Women's Po-
OF S. 18, ASSISTANCE TO RADIO
FREE EUROPE AND TO RADIO LIB-
ERTY
Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, by
direction of the Committee on Rules, I
call up House Resolution 699 and ask for
its immediate consideration.
The Clerk read the resoluton as fol-
lows:
H. RES. 699
Resolved, That upon the adoption of this
resolution it shall be in order to move that
the House resolve itself into the Committee
of the Whole House on the State of the Union
for the consideration of the bill (S. 18) to
amend the United States Information and
Educational Exchange Act of 1948 to provide
assistance to Radio Free Europe and Radio
l4berty. After general debate, which shall be
confined to the bill and shall continue not
to exceed one hour, to be equally divided and
controlled by the chairman and ranking mi-
nority member of the Committee on Foreign
Affairs, the bill shall be read for amendment
under the five-minute rule. -It shall be in
order to consider the amendment in the
nature of a substitute recommended by the
Committee on Foreign Affairs now printed in
the bill as an original bill for the purpose of
amendment under the five-minute rule, and
all points of order against said substitute for
failure to comply with the provisions of
standing of the issues in this field, and
request that any definite legislative ac
CORRECTION OF VOTE
Mr. McMILLAN. Mr. Speaker, on roll-
call No. 387 of November 15, I am re-
corded as not voting. I was present and
voted "yea." I ask unanimous consent
that the permanent RECORD and Journal
be corrected accordingly.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from South
Carolina?
There was no objection.
- EQUAL EMPLOYMENT
(Mr. DENT asked and was given per-
mission to adress the House for 1 min-
ute, to revise and extend his remarks
and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, I read with
interest the colloquy in yesterday's REC-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE - November 19, 1971
clause 7, rule XVI are hereby waived. At the
conclusion of such consideration, the Com-
mittee shall rise and report the bill to the
House with such amendments as may have
been adopted, and any Member may demand
a separate vote in the House on any amend-
ment adopted in the Committee of the Whole
to the bill or to the committee amendment
in the nature of a substitute. The previous
question shall be considered as ordered on
the bill and amendments thereto to find pas-
sage without intervening motion except one
motion to recommit with or without instru-
tions.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman from
Texas is recognized for 1 hour.
Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I
yield 30 minutes to the gentleman from
California (Mr. SMITH) pending which
I yield myself such time as I may con-
sume.
Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 699
provides an open rule with 1 hour of
general debate for consideration of S. 18
providing assistance to Radio Free Eu-
rope and to Radio Liberty. It shall be
in order to consider the committee sub-
stitute as an original bill for the purpose
of amendment and all points of order are
waived against the substitute for failure
to comply with the provisions of clause
7 of rule XVI-the committee substitute
is nongermane.
The purpose of S. 18 is to provide a
means for conducting a one-time study
and evaluation of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty and to provide for financ-
ing while the study is in progress.
Until this year Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty were financed by the CIA.
This legislation would establish a tri-
partite commission, composed of rep-
resentatives of the legislative and exec-
utive branches of the Government and
of the public. The commission would ex-
pire on July 1, 1973.
The commission will "review and eval-
uate international radio broadcasting
and related activities of Radio Free Eu--
rope and Radio Liberty" and report to
the President by November 30, 1972.
Thirty-six million dollars are author-
ized to the chairman of the commission
for fiscal year 1972 and $38.520 million
are authorized for Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty for fiscal year 1973 to con-
tinue operations pending completion of
the study by the commission and action
by the Congress.
The Committee on Foreign Affairs re-
ported the bill by a vote of 23 to 1.
Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of the
rule in order that the legislation may
he considered.
Mr. SMITH of California. Mr. Speaker,
I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
(Mr. SMITH of California asked and
was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. SMITH of California. Mr. Speaker,
I concur in the remarks made by the dis-
tinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr.
YouNG) in explanation of the rule. The
reason that all points of order are waived
is included in the rule is because the Sen-
ate bill did not have this Commission in
it for the study, so this is new material,
and we had to waive points of order so
that it could be considered.
Mr. Speaker, the purpose of the bill is
to authorize funding for both Radio Free
Europe and Radio Liberty during fiscal
1972 and 1973, and to create a commis-
sion to undertake a study and make
recommendations concerning the future
operations of the two broadcasting
organizations.
The bill authorizes $36 million for fis-
cal 1972 and $38,520,000 for 1973 to
finance the operations of both radio
systems.
The report and recommendations
which are to be the results of the study
required by the bill are to be submitted to
the President and the Congress by
cease to exist on July 1, 1973. It is to be
composed of nine members as follows:
First, two Members of the House, ap-
pointed by the Speaker.
Second, two Members of the Senate,
appointed by the President of the Senate.
Third, two members of the executive
branch, appointed by the President.
Fourth, three members from the pub-
lic, knowledgeable in mass communica-
tions, appointed by the President, one of
whom shall be designated as Chairman
by the President.
Radio Free Europe broadcasts to Bul-
garia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland,
and Rumania. Radio Liberty broadcasts
to Russia. Program content consists of
news, music, sports, political commen-
tary, and other features. These programs
have a very wide audience, estimated at
50 percent of the population over 14 years
of age.
Prior to last year the CIA was the pri-
mary source, of funds for these opera-
tions.' Congress has halted this practice
and funding is now carried out through
the Office of the Secretary of State. How-
ever, some permanent system should be
developed, if it is found advisable to con-
tinue the operations. The responsibility
of the Commission is to determine
whether these radio systems should be
continued, and if so, how they should be
administered and funded.
There are no agency letters contained
in the report.
There are no minority views.
Mr. Speaker, I urge adoption of the
rule.
Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I
yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois (Mr. YATES).
(By unanimous consent, Mr. YATES was
allowed to speak out of order.)
(Mr. YATES asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
FAA IS DERELICT IN ITS SAFETY INSPECTION
PROCEDURIIS
Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, on October
21 of this year, an aircraft operated by
Chicago & Southern Airlines crashed
in Peoria, Ill., taking the lives of 16 per-
sons. The airline was operating a com-
muter service between Chicago and
Springfield, Ill, It was a service often
used by members of the State legislature
and others having official business in the
State capital.
There were questions from the very
beginning about the propriety of award-
ing this route to Chicago & Southern
Airlines. Their record was not good. In
fact, the city of Springfield, the Spring-
field Airport Authority, and the Spring-
field Association of Commerce and In-
dustry all fought the decision to award
the route to Chicago & Southern. An
injunction was sought by a competitor
against the Chicago & Southern oper-
ation, but it was denied in Cook County
circuit court.
Despite the misgivings of those who
questioned the airworthiness of the air-
craft operated by Chicago & Southern
Airlines, the Illinois Commerce Commis-
sion granted a certificate to the com-
pany, and the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration certified the company's aircraft
as well as their pilots and crews..1 want
to address myself to the FAA's approval
of the company's aircraft, pilots, and
crews.
Mr. Speaker, I am very much con-
cerned about the adequacy of FAA certi-
fication procedures. Only a month after
it was awarded the commuter route, Chi-
cago & Southern Airlines was involved
in a series of minor accidents. A major
tragedy occurred when a Chicago &
Southern chartered plane was involved
in a fatal crash in a Cleveland suburb,
an accident which also took place after
the certificate was awarded.
These FAA-certified aircraft have a
record of engine failures, collapsing land-
ing gear, and a propensity for making
one-engine approaches to the Spring-
field airport. Examples of these are
enumerated in a complaint filed with
the FAA July 20 by the Board of Spring-
field Capitol Airport.
Why did the FAA certify aircraft with
a record such as this? Did the FAA really
make a thorough examination of the
aircraft operated by Chicago & South-
ern Airlines and their pilots and crews?
The answer, Mr. Speaker, is "No." A re-
view of FAA safety inspection procedures
reveals that they were token only, that
the FAA, in fact, delegated its safety
inspection authority-rather, its respon-
sibility-to the person least likely to per-
form this function responsibly, the com-
pany itself. Oh, it may have made oc-
casional spot checks, but the fact is clear
that under FAA's procedures, it author-
ized inspection of Chicago & Southern
Airlines by Chicago & Southern Air-
lines itself.
Frank Hanson, the pilot who perished
in that fatal C. & S. crash of October
1971, was president of the company and
a FAA-designated chief check pilot. He
was in charge of examining other C. & S.
pilots and crews and determining their
competency. The company's records dis-
close that he checked the pilots and ap-
proved their competency.
Yet, according to the Chicago Daily
News, Frank Hanson himself had been
involved in two prior aircraft fatalities,
one in Michigan in 1967 and another near
O'Hare Airport 3 years earlier. Mr. Han-
son had previously been fined for four
violations of FAA safety regulations.
On what basis did the FAA find it
proper to entrust a pilot with a record
such as this with the responsibility for
determining the competency of other
C. & S. pilots and crews? Compounding
this dereliction in safety procedures, the
records of the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration indicate that Frank Hanson was
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November 1 9, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE
tested and found competent by his pre-
cursor as an FAA-designated check pilot,
Mr. James Saterfield. It turns out that
Mr. Saterfleld was also a Chicago &
Southern employee.
The system under which the Federal
Aviation Administration delegates its au-
thority in this manner is called the ap-
proved inspection program. It is so wide-
spread and patently so inadequate that
we must be concerned with the possibility
that other crashes will occur at any time
under its loose controls.
In the hearings before the Subcom-
mittee on Transportation of the Commit-
tee on Appropriations, Mr. George Moore,
associate administrator for operations of
the FAA, estimated that at least 70 per-
cent of their work in the certification was
delegated. This figure was later reesti-
mated by Mr. Moore to "go high as 90
percent."
This system of "delegated authority"
is clearly inadequate in assuring public
safety. Both in the inspection of airline
manufacturing and operation, the FAA
had abdicated its responsibility. We do
not allow the National Association of
Manufacturers to determine violations
of the Fair Trade Practices Act, the drug
manufacturers to approve the safety of
their products. Why should airline com-
panies be in almost total control over
questions of safety of their operations?
Truly, the FAA has hired the rabbit to
guard the lettuce patch, the fox to guard
the chicken coop.
Our regulatory agencies are supposed
to exist for a reason. The FAA is supposed
to assure the safety of commercial air-
lines operations.. Under its current prac-
tices, it sloughs off its responsibility, it
compromises public trust.
In commercial aviation, consumer pro-
tection is the protection of a passenger's
life and limb. Those who rely on com-
mercial aviation-the passengers espe-
cially, the business community, the gen-
eral public, and the government-have
the right to expect that when they board
such planes, the Federal Government at-
tests to the fact that maximum safety
revies of pilot and aircraft have been
analyzed.
It is up to the FAA to provide this as-
surance-to tell the public they have
done everything possible to insure the
safety of the aircraft in which they ride.
That is not being done today. And it is
up to the Congress to require the FAA
to carry out responsibly the safety task
assigned to it.
Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I
move the previous question on the reso-
lution.
The previous question was ordered.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
resolution.
The question -was taken; and the
Speaker announced that the ayes ap-
peared to have it.
Mr. ANDREWS of North Dakota. Mr.
Speaker, I object to the vote on the
ground that a quorum is not present and
make the point of order that a quorum is
not present.
The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum is
not present.
The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab-
sent Members, and the Clerk will call
the roll.
The question was taken; and there
were-yeas 290, nays 3, not voting 137,
as follows:
Adams
Anderson,
Calif.
Andrews, Ala.
Andrews,
N. Dak.
Annunzio
Archer
Arends
Ashley
Aspin
Aspinall
Begich
Belcher
Bennett
Bergland
Betts
Bevill
Biaggi
Biester
Bingham
Blanton
Boggs
Bolling
Bow
Brademas
Bray
Brinkley
Broomfield
Brotzman
Brown, Mich.
Brown, Ohio
Broyhill, Va.
Buchanan
Burke, Fla.
Burke, Mass.
Burleson, Tex.
Burlison, Mo.
Burton
Byrnes, Wis.
Byron
Cabell
Caffery
Carney
Carter
Casey, Tex.
Chamberlain
Clawson, Del
Collins, Ill.
Collins, Tex.
Colmer
Conable
Conte
Coughlin
Daniel, Va.
Daniels, N.J.
Danielson
Davis, Wis.
Dellenback
Denholm
Dennis
Dent
Derwineki
Dickinson
Donohue
Dow
Downing
Drinan
Dulski
Duncan
du Pont
Dwyer
Edwards, Calif.
Eilberg
Erlenborn
Evans, Colo.
Fascell
Findley
Flowers
Foley
Ford,
William D.
Forsythe
Fountain
Fraser
Frelinghuysen
Frenzel
Prey
Galiflanakis
Garmatz
Gaydos
Gettys
Giaimo
Gibbons
Gonzalez
Goodling
Green, Oreg.
Green, Pa.
Griffin
[Roll No. 409]
YEAS-290
Gubser Perkins
Gude Pickle
Haley Pike
Hamilton Pirnie
Hammer- Poage
schmidt Poff
Hanley Powell
Hanna Dreyer, N.C.
Hansen, Idaho Price, Ill.
Hansen, Wash. Price, Tex.
Harsha Pucinski
Harvey Quie
Hastings Quillen
Hawkins Railsback
Hays Randall
Hechler, W. Va. Rangel
Heinz Rarick
Helstoski Rees
Henderson Reid, N.Y.
Hicks, Mass.
Hicks, Wash.
Hogan
Holifield
Hosmer
Howard
Hull -
Hungate
Hunt
Hutchinson
Ichord
Reuss
Rhodes
Riegie
Robinson, V
Rodino
Roe
Roger
Jacobs Roush
Jarman Roy
Johnson, Calif. Roybal
Jones, Ala.
Jones, N.C.
Jones, Tenn
Karth
Kastenmeilr
Kazen
Keating
Kee
Keith
Kyl
Kyros
Landgrebe
Landrum
Lennon
Lent
Lloyd
Long, La.
Long, Md.
Luian
McClory
McCormack
McCulloch
McDonald,
Mich.
McEwen
McKay
McKevitt
McKinney
McMillan
Madden
Mahon
Mailliard
Martin
Matsunaga
Mayne
Mazzola
Meeds
Melcher
Metcalfe
Michel
Mikva
Miller, Calif.
Miller, Ohio
Mills, Md.
Minish
Mink
Minshall
Monagan
Montgomery
Moorhead
Morgan
Morse
Mosher
Moss
Murphy, Ill.
Murphy, N.Y.
Myers
Natcher
Nedzi
Nix
Obey
O'Hara
O'Konski
O'Neill
Patten
Ruppe
Ryan
SchiMebeli
Schwengel
Scott
Seiberling
Shipley
.Shriver
Sisk
Skubitz
Smith, Calif.
Smith, Iowa
Smith, N.Y.
Spence
Springer
Stanton,
James V.
Steed
Steiger, Wis.
Stephens
Stratton
Stubblefield
Stuckey
Sullivan
Symington
Taicott
Taylor
Teague, Tex.
Terry
Thompson, Ga.
Thompson, N.J.
Thomson, Wis.
Thone
Tiernan
Udall
Van Deerlin
Vander Jagt
Vanik
Vigorito
Waggonner
Wampler
Whalen
White
Whitehurst
Whitten
Widnall
Wiggins
Williams
Wolff
Wyatt
Wydler
Wylie
Wyman
Yates
Yatron
Young, Fla.
Young, Tex.
Zablocki
Zion
Zwach
H 11311
NAYS-3
Gross Hall Schmitz
NOT VOTING-137
Abbitt Dorn Mathis, Ga.
Abernethy . Dowdy Mills, Ark.
Abourezk Eckhardt Mitchell
Abzug Edmondson Mizell
Addabbo Edwards, Ala. Mollohan
Alexander Edwards, La. Nelsen
Anderson, Ill. Esch Nichols
Anderson, Eshleman P an
Tenn. Evins, Tenn. Pawn
Baring lynt r
Barrett Ford, Ge Id Odell
Bell Fulton, T ryor, Ark.
BI ckbur Fuqua Purcell
BI tnik Gallagher Roberts
Bo nd a ldwater Robison, N.Y.
Br c Or ss Rostenkowski
Bro s Or y Rousselot
Bro ill, N.C. Gri ha Runnels
erne, Pa. Oro er Ruth
akey, N.Y. alpern Sandman
E~SSdderber rrington Sebelius
eller athaway Shoup
Chappe Hobert Sikes
Chishol Heckler, Mass. Slack
Clancy Hillis Snyder
Clark VJ Horton Staggers
CI en, Jonas Stanton,
onk3. Kemp J. William
Davis, S.C. McCollister Wilson, Bob
de la Garza McDade Wilson,
Delaney McFall Charles H.
Dellums Macdonald, Winn
Devine Mass. Wright
Diggs Mann
Dingell Mathias, Calif.
So the resolution was agreed to.
The Clerk announced the following
pairs:
Mr. Hobert with Mr. Gerald R. Ford.
Mr. Blatnik with Mr. Anderson of Illinois.
Mr. Boland with Mrs. Heckler of Massachu-
setts.
Mr. Byrne of Pennsylvania with Mr. Sand-
man.
Mr. Celler with Mr. Devine.
Mr. Davis of South Carolina with Mr. Gold-
water. -
Mr. Dingell with Mr. Esch.
Mr. Flood with Mr. McDade.
Mr. Fulton of Tennessee with Mr. Mizell.
Mr. Fuqua with Mr. Bell.
Mrs. Griffiths with Mr. Cederberg.
Mr. Runnels with Mr. Collier.
Mr. Roberts with Mr. Whalley.
Mr. Kiuczynski with Mr. Blackburn.
Mr. Link with Mr. Nelsen.
Mr. McFall with Mr. Teague of California.
Mr. Mathis of Georgia with Mr. Pelly.
Mr. Nichols with Mr. Winn.
Mr. Pepper with Mr. Snyder.
Mr. Purcell with Mr. McClure.
Mr. Rostenkowski with Mr. Don H.
Clausen.
Mr. Charles H. Wilson with Mr. Bob Wilson.
Mr. Sikes with Mr. King.
Mr. Slack with Mr. Kuykendall.
Mr. Staggers with Mr. Baker.
Mr. Barrett with Mr. Horton.
Mr. Addabbo with Mr. Robinson of Virginia.
Mr..Brasco with Mr. Halpern.
Mr. Delaney with Mr. Fish.
Mr. Dorn with Mr. Jonas.
Mr. Mollohan with Mr. Camp.
Mr. Macdonald of Massachusetts with Mr.
Clancy.
Mr. Mann with Mr. Broyhill of North Caro-
lina.
Mr. Pryor of Arkansas with Mr. Pettis.
Mr. St Germain with Mr. Kemp.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE November 19, 1971
Mr. Gray with Mr. Hillis.
Mr. Brooks with Mr. Ashbrook.
Mr. Anderson of Tennessee with Mr. Mc-
Closkey.
Mr. Abbitt with Mr. Edwards of Alabama.
Mr. Ullman with Mr. Eshleman.
Mr. Passman with Mr. McCollister.
Mr. Edmondson with Mr. Cleveland.
Mr. Dowdy with Mr. Steiger of Arizona.
Mr. Evins of Tennessee with Mr. Mathias of
California.
Mrs. Grasso with Mr. Crane.
Mr. Hagan with Mr. Veysey.
Mr. Wright with Mr. Grover.
Mr. Patman with Mr. Latta.
Mr. Chappell with Mr. Peyser.
Mr. Clark with Mr. Conyers.
Mr. Leggett with Mr. Diggs.
Mr. Waidie with Mr. Stokes.
Mr. Flynt with Mr. Rousselot.
Mr. Gallagher with Mr. Mitchell.
Mr. Carey of New York with Mr. J. William
Stanton.
Mr. Corman With Mr. Davis of Georgia.
Mr. Alexander with Mr. Ruth.
Mr. Baring with Mr. Sebelius.
Mr. Podell with Mr. Dellums.
Mr. Cotter with Mr. Shoup.
Mr. Abourezk with Mr. Badillo.
Mr. Culver with Mr. Steele.
Mr. Mills of Arkansas with Mr. Ware.
Mrs. Abzug with Mr. Clay.
Mrs. Chisholm with Mr. Koch.
Mr. de la Garza with Mr. Hathaway.
Mr. Eckhardt with Mr. Harrington.
Mr. Abernethy with Mr. Fisher.
The result of the vote- was announced
as above recorded.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the
table.
PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT
Mr. ABOUREZK. Mr. Speaker, I was
not present when the vote was just taken
on House Resolution 699, and I wish to
announce that if I had been present I
would have voted "yea."
PROVIDING ASSISTANCE TO RADIO
F1EE EUROPE AND TO RADIO
LI$ERTY
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I move
that the House resolve itself into the
Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union for the consideration
of the bill (S. 18) to amend the U.S. In-
formation and Educational Exchange
Act of 1948 to provide assistance to Ra-
dio Free Europe and Radio Liberty.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
motion offered by the gentleman from
Pennsylvania (Mr. MORGAN).
The motion was agreed to.
IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE
Accordingly the House resolved itself
into the Committee of the Whole House
on the State of the Union for the con-
sideration of the bill S. 18, with Mr.
BRINKLEY in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
By unanimous consent, the first read-
ing of the bill was dispensed with.
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. MOR-
GAN) will be recognized for 30 minutes,
and the gentleman from California (Mr.
MAILLIARD) will be recognized for 30
minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman
from Pennsylvania (Mr. MORGAN).
Mr.MORGAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield
myself such time as I may consume.
(Mr. MORGAN asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Chairman, S. 18
authorizes funds to finance the operation
of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty
for 2 years. It also provides for a com-
mission to make a study of what these
programs are trying to do and the best
way to do what should be done in the
future.
I am afraid that there is a good deal of
misunderstanding about Radio Free Eu-
rope and Radio Liberty.
They exist primarily to serve the lis-
tening audience in the satellite countries
of Eastern Europe and listeners in the
Soviet Union with uncensored programs
of local interest.
Roth Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty operate primarily from Munich.
Radio Free Europe directs its programs
to the Eastern European countries. Ra-
dio Liberty directs its programs to the
Soviet Union. Both concentrate on news
and comment on developments within
the individual countries concerned.
They are staffed by people who have
left these countries, who speak the lan-
guage and who know the interests and re-
actions of the people in the various coun-
tries.
These operations are fundamentally
different from the Voice of America. The
Voice of America is concerned with U.S.
foreign policy and with events and issues
of worldwide interest.
Originally, these stations were con-
cerned primarily with cold war issues. In
recent years, they have focused on news
and comments of interest to their listen-
ers, much of which would be broadcast
by their own stations if they were not
subject to censorship.
Although Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty have been in existence for more
than 20 years, this is the first opportunity
the House has had to pass judgment on
them. The reason is that heretofore they
have been funded by the Central Intelli-
gence Agency. That source of funds has
been ended. It is, therefore, necessary to
authorize and to appropriate funds for
their continued operation in the usual
manner.
Both stations were incorporated in the
United States in the years immediately
following World War II when the cold
war was getting underway. Radio Free
Europe broadcasts to five Soviet bloc
countries-Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia,
Hungary, Poland, and Rumania. The
broadcasts to each of these ayerages 15
hours a day in their native language. Ra-
dio Liberty broadcasts' are directed to the
people in the Soviet Union. Those broad-
casts, which are around the clock, are
made in Russian and 17 other major lan-
guages that are spoken in that country.
Although the administrative headquar-
ters of both organizations is in the United
States, their base of operations is princi-
pally in Germany. The German Govern-
ment licenses the stations as foreign non-
profit corporations.
The objectives of Radio Free Europe
and Radio Liberty are much the same.
Members are well aware that the Soviet
Union and the Soviet bloc countries prac-
tice heavy, even oppressive, censorship
within their borders. It is only through
the broadcasts of these two organizations
that it is possible for the citizens of those
countries to know what is going on in
their own countries. Each organization
maintains a highly specialized staff that
analyzes news and information that
comes from behind the Iron Curtain,
whether in writing or in broadcasts. The
quality of the staff work is recognized by
western scholars, journalists, and gov-
ernment officials. In addition to news and
information, the broadcasts are inter-
spersed with music and other cultural
material, sports, and other features.
Clearly, the unique contributions of
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty
arise from the fact that they provide ma-
terial that would be available to their
listeners if their own governments did
not enga a in censorship.
The Congress is faced with the issue
whether Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty serve our national interests and,
if so, what is the best way to fund them.
The Senate provided stopgap financing
for 1 year while it awaited the results of
two reports-one by the General Ac-
counting Office and one by the Library
of Congress-to make a final determina-
tion. The administration recommended
the creation of the American Council for
International Communications, which
would be a Government-financed but op-
erationally independent agency.
The committee considered both the in-
terim and the permanent approach. After
hearings and executive consideration, we
decided that there were too many un-
knows to warrant endorsing a permanent
organization. We believed that large
policy issues should be considered as well
as plans for operation.
The committee, therefore, amended the
Senate bill to provide for a far-ranging
study by a body that would include Mem-
bers of Congress as well as outside ex-
perts. Such a study would be carried out
by a commission that would report by
November 1972, and go out of business
not later than June 1973. Pending the
completion of that study, we also author-
ized funding for 2 fiscal years. In short,
ours is also a stopgap measure that makes
no final judgment on the future of Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty at this
time.
Mr. Chairman, I think we have chosen
the only responsible course in this mat-
ter. I urge the House to pass this bill.
Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. MORGAN. I yield to the gentle-
man.
Mr. STRATTON. I wonder if the dis-
tinguished chairman of the Committee
on Foreign Affairs could explain what is
the difference between these two radios
included in this legislation and Radio
Free Asia and why is that organization
which appears to be on a par with these
two not included in the legislation?
Mr. MORGAN. There is, as you know,
a broadcasting station on Taiwan that
broadcasts to Siberia and the parts of
Russia that are in Asia. They do not
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November 19, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
broadcast to China, but the transmitter rise tr. MAILLIARD. Mr. Chairman, I support oday in support of S. 18. This bill, Radio Free Europe and to Radio Libertty
is on Taiwan.
Mr. STRATTON. Is not there an oyga- as amended by the Committee on Foreign The principal purpose of this Senate
nization which calls itself Radio Free Affairs, would create a temporary corn- bill is to create a temporary mechanism study and
Free eEurope and
sand does that have the same of1Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty efor conducting a valuation of Radoone-time
sponsors? poMr. MORGAN. That does not have the The legislation would also provide fl- Radio Liberty, and to provide for interim
those operations
same sponsorship. I do not believe it is nancing for their operations on an in- financing of
this end, le the
financed with Government funds. It may terim basis. study is enact-
receive private contributions. It is my opinion, Mr. Chairman, that ment of this legislation will establish a - nine
Interna Mr. CABELL. Mr. Chairman, will the tionstuy and evaluation of the al radio broadcasting activit esnof ti nal dio B oadcasting, composed of
gentleman yield?
Mr. MORGAN. I yield to the gentle- Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty is executive ntatives of of the legislative Govern-branch man from Texas. very timely. ment and of the public. the U.S. r. 1t CABELL. I thank the gentleman These afterradios World War II. Rad o Free Both Radio Free Europe and Radio
in the he well for yielding. shortly Liberty were conceived in the years im-
I would like to say that several years Europe and Radio Liberty act as "do-
mediately following World War II and
ch at a I han the pleasure Free Europe as ntmy mation that is not supplied by the Corn- have been funded, until this past fiscal
State, an for have s Free weeks in my year, by the Central Intelligence Agency.
of t these radios is The legislation before us is nothing more munist government very many going
many and here carefully pent 2 weeks in Gen- The emphasiscontrolled
upon encouraging liberalization and than a stopgap measure until the Com-
diligently to over it pick it to piecesand. Irvine have gans.
never found a better instrumentality for peaceful reform. On the whole, I believe mission reports its findings in 1973 as to
should con-
to the American philosophy across they have done a good job. whether the these a r radio stations afinanced sho shou by they
those people behind the iron Curtain However, after so many years of opera- tinue Govhe futur and, if so, how the
than Radio Free Europe was able to do. tion, I think it is appropriate that a com- should be financed.
I would like also to call the attention of mission conduct an independent and shoul in the 3 years that
this body to the fact that Radio Free comprehensive study. The commission, Mf. Chairman,
have hairman the people of that
Europe and its the Voice are Anot merica to be thesllegi g nine bra her the pex cutive land's Fifth Congressional District in this
has a a tinge tinge that that branch, and non-Government experts; body, I have joined each year during the
gram V third week in July-Captive Nations
gram: . Voice o oef America Vmerica oice of
Radio Free Europe does not have because would go out of business after the com- Week-with numerous of my colleagues
it has been separated from a strictly gov- pletion of its study, no later than July 1, in commemorating the observance of this
ernmental agency. 1973.
I wish to commend the work that this Radio Free Europe broadcasts to five week.
Despite the worldwide publicity given
to the rte Captive e wide p Wick re given
committee 'has done and the chairman Soviet bloc countries-Bulgaria, Czecho- Desp
for bringing this legislation to light. I slovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Ru- trot. when ppassed the Week r Cou
sincerely hope that this one instrumen- mania. Radio Liberty broadcasts to the , and the annual -
on it July 1959, n sthe annual a
Curtain for bringing truth behind the Iron Soviet Union in Russian and 17 other gress ess in
Curtain will be kept up. To prove the major languages spoken in that country. mystery why so few in the free world
effectiveness of the program, if the Rus- The focus in both Radio Free Europe and mystery h the captive nations he fworld concept.
sians did not know that we are making Radio Liberty is upon objective and ac- comprehend the are few people c today
today
inroads on their philosophy, they would curate news reporting and balanced com- mwho coy, give an intelligent answer
not spend the millions of dollars they mentaries, They seek to encourage in- when asked what Radio Free Europe or
are spending in trying to jam the pro- digenous forces of peaceful reform as when asked are.
grams of Radio Free Europe. they provide news that listeners would e captive nations
Mr. MORGAN. I thank the gentleman receive from stations in their own coun- To accurately To en env andumerate thhistori cally one must be-
from Texas. I share his views and I urge tries if censorship did not exist.
passage of the bill. Finally, I would like to emphasize the gin in 1920 with the subjugation of Byel-
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chairman, difference between these stations and the orussia, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, and
will the gentleman yield? Voice of America, since their roles and several others in the Soviet Union. The Mr. MORGAN. I yield to the gentle- functions are sometimes confused. Voice second reduced wave Latvia, of Estonia, Communist aggression
and Lithuania
man from Florida. of America broadcasts on a worldwide ird
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I thank the basis as the radio arm of the U.S. Infor- to to ca captitiviity ty in late the early 1940's. enslaved a The thweird
gentleman for yielding. matron Agency. Its purpose is to report nwave in 1940's ew group of nations, including Hungary,
Can you tell the Committee who is in and interpret U.S. life and policy. By n new Czechoslovakia, Albania. and
charge of programing? Who determines contrast Radio Free Europe and Radio mPola ann others, .
the program content? Liberty emphasize news, information, It was during this third wave, in the
Mr. MORGAN. They have a large staff and entertainment, with a highly local-
of specialists. As I said, the headquarters ized content and appeal. Their function late 1940's and early 1950's, that Radio
is in New York, but most of the staff is and purpose are entirely different from Free Europe and Radio Liberty came ing.
The current located Munich, Germany. The overall the Voice e fequenciesf and America.
different transm tters RFE se to give encouragement to the supe Newsion is in re not gone of people from the Voice of America, digenous forces of peaceful reform and
fi New York who are Sat dovernment of- Mr. Chairman, while Radio Free Eu- to provide a mechanism for increasing
finial but who understand broadcast op- within authoritarian governments the
eration. Radio Free stand Europe is headed rope and Radio Liberty have done a good
e
by William P. Dunkirk. On the board of job, I believe the time has come to review public e countability of Rubio Liberty
directors are distinguished individuals their operations as we consider their fu- broadcasts, on the ohand, offer
including Gen. Lucius Clay. But the real ture. In the meantime we should provide broadcasts, other f the Soviet seer
er Soviet
programing is done by the professional interim financing as provided for in the positive ve couched alternatives
and fs-
staff in Munich, Germany. They run bill before us. I urge your support of S. em, most ed part, f indly tcter In ndcfo by . what is largely a news broadcasting op- 18 as amended by our committee. months Radio Liberty has devoted an
eration. Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield? lig increasing Soviet Jews.
[Mr. CABELL addressed the Commit- iamount of its programs to the
tee. His remarks will appear hereafter in . Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle- plight
man from Maryland. Mr. Chairman, during the 13th annual
the Extensions of Remarks.] (Mr. HOGAN asked and was given commemoration of Captive Nations eac (Mr. MAILLIARD asked and was given permission to revise and extend his re- Wember k this thpast is July, I wrote my ooh
permission to revise and extend his re- marks.)
marks) Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in leagues to join me in sponsoring a res-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOT TSE November 19. 147 i
uiui,iun w saieguara tneHungarian Holy
Crown of St. Stephen. In my letter to
my colleagues, I said:
In the past years, many of us have joined
together during this week and, on the floor
of the House, lamented the plight of those
many foreign nations who still live under
Communist domination and oppression. Un-
fortunately, too often each year, our words
are forgotten as quickly as they are spoken.
Rarely is it possible to take some kind of
constructive action Which will live on after
the well-meaning words have long since died
away.
Thirty-nine of my colleagues have and we provide them with a notable serv-
joined me In sponsoring a resolution (H. ice in bringing unadulterated news and
Con. Res. 385), expressing the sense of commentary to them. In addition, in this
Congress that the Holy Crown of St. way we furnish the basis for the eventual
Stephen-Hungary's national treasure return of representative government to
and symbol of constitutional govern- these countries while giving proportion
went--should remain in the safekeeping to the distorted picture of the United
of the United States until such time as States which they might otherwise de-
Hungary once again functions as a con- rive from the information agencies avail-
stitutional government established able to them. This bill will also provide
through the free choice of the Hungarian a commission to make a very necessary
people. long-range study of this whole problem
Similarly, Mr. Chairman, this legisla- and with directions that a response be
tion before us today again gives the made to the Congress in time to deter-
Members of this body another oppor- mine what the future policy of our Gov-
tunity to act, rather than merely to ernment will be in this regard. I support
speak. The hopes of these peoples, and this bill and hope that it will be adopted,
the hopes of their brothers and sisters in Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chair-
this country, are dependent upon the man, will the gentleman yield?
continuance of such activities as Radio Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gen-
Free Europe and Radio Liberty. I urge tleman from New Jersey.
m
c
ll
y
o
eagues to approve this legislation
with dispatch.
Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from Connecticut.
Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Chairman, there
is one point that I think is extremely
important, which should be considered
by the committee, and which is referred
to in the report, and that is the impor-
tance of maintaining the morale of the
many devoted people who are working
for these agencies.
I myself feel that it would be helpful
for us to emphasize the fact that many,
if not most of us, believe strongly In the
the facilities which we are discussing and (Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN asked and
the Chinese also have plans for a very was given permission to revise and ex-
substantial facility. tend his remarks.)
The main justification for the continu- Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman,
ance of this function is the gradual edu- will the gentleman yield?
cation of people behind the Iron Curtain
MARD. I yield to the gen-
in the ways of democracy and the pro- tleman Mr. MA from Michigan.
in for them of a balanced appraisal ichigan.
of the happenings in this country and (Mr. BROOMFIELD asked and was
throughout the world. given permission to revise and extend
I know from experience the avidity his remarks.)
with which people in the socialist coun- RADIO FREE EUROPE AND RADIO LIBERTY AS SEEN
Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Chairman, in
looking at the radios, their aims, their
methods and their impact, we should
consider not only the views of the ad-
ministration but also the views of inde-
pendent observers who are able to make
meaningful judgments about their work.
We need to hear the words of disinter-'
ested and expert scholars and journalists
throughout Western Europe and the
United States. We need to examine the
thinking of former Ambassadors who
were stationed in the countries con-
cerned and the statements of people
who have recently come from those coun-
tries and who were dependent for their
knowledge on what they heard over those
radios.
In the committee hearings, testimony
was given by the Honorable U. Alexis
Johns
U
on,
nder Secretary of State, based
Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chair-
on his experience as Ambassador to
man, I thank the gentleman for yielding. Czechoslovakia. The record also includes
I arise to say I feel very strongly that impressive, firsthand testimony by three
both Radio Free Europe and Radio recent emigres from Poland, Czecho-
Liberty make sense. I would guess that slovakia, and the Soviet Union, and
any evaluation of their functions would from two of our former Ambassadors to
come to that same conclusion. This is not the Soviet Union and Poland, respective-
arguing against the advisability of set- ly, Foy Kohler and John Gronouski. The
tang up a commission. I certainly would record also includes statements by Prof.
have no reason to suggest that a commis- Zbigniew Brzezinski, director of the Re-
sion is not necessary, search Institute on Communist Affairs
I think it is important that we con- at Columbia University and by a spokes-
tinue these activities. This legislation, for man for the Polish-American Congress.
that reason, is imporant, because it does All of those witnesses strongly sup-
provide authority for the financing for a ported the continuation of the work of
2-year period of both these Radios. the radios. They were reflective of th
e
objectives and workings of these agen- I would like also to point out, because serious concern in the academic and
cies and that this report and this action there is sometimes confusion, the differ- political worlds that this valuable serv-
is not in any way meant to prejudge that ent roles played by Radio Free Europe ice might be coming to an end. However,
there will be a termination of these and Radio Liberty and the Voice of these statements were by no means the
activities. America. The Voice of America, as its only ones being made publicly. For ex-
Mr. MAILLIARD. A14 Chairman, I name implies, basically is Interested in ample, Dr. Hugh Seton-Watson, the dis-
would agree with the gentleman, and concentrates on reporting on the tinguished professor of Russian history
(Mr. MONAGAN tasked and was American scene and the American way at London University and one of the most
given of life. In contrast, Radio Free Europe knowledgable scholars on Eastern Eu-
permissioni to revise and extend his re- and Radio Liberty are in effect national ropean affairs in the Western World,
marks.) voices of the geographical areas to which wrote to the London Daily Telegraph, in
Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Chairman, I sup- they send their broadcasts. They analyze part, as follows:
port this legislation to provide assist- and they organize news from certain For the great majority of the people in the
ance to Radio Free Europe and Radio countries, and report to them in the same censor- ridden communist world, broadcast-
Liberty for a period of 2 fiscal years and way that an independent radio station ing is the only means the West has of con-
to authorize the formation of a com- would if their governments had such ducting a dialogue with them... . I know
mission to study the problem of the con- programs. Europeans from long personal mericenans s re ehat sibs for
tinuation and support of these two We need to keep the distinction be- running nR Radio the Americ tr mly well
related activities. - running Radio Free Europe are extremely well
tween the two types in mind, and we need informed, balanced in their judgments and in
The revelation of past governmental also to recognize that both have their no sense fanatical crusaders. On the con-
support of these broadcasting facilities place. trary, they are people who have been working
has raised this problem and obviously Our committee discussed the possibil- for years to bring about true understanding.
it must be settled. I believe that much ity of the Voice of America taking over One might question whether these
helpful work is done by these two orga- the activities of Radio Free Europe and Westernopinions were valid if they were
nizations in news reporting, in commen- Radio Liberty. Although we should not not echoed even more strongly from the
tary upon International happenings and prejudice, or predict, what the commis- East. A recent emigre, Mr. Henryk Bi-
in explanation of the workings of our sion may decide, I hope that a merger recki, wrote a'letter to the Washington
society. It Is interesting to note that the will not be recommended by the commis- Star a short time ago in which he out-
Germans are about to construct a station sion, as the responsibilities are quite dif- lined his own background as a Commu-
tha will be more expensive by far than ferent.
nist official in charge of the Department
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-November 19, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
of Cultural Exchanges in the Polish For-
eign office and then made an eloquent
plea for continuing the radios. He talked
about the deep concern in the Polish
Communist Party about the influence of
Radio Free Europe and how the decision
was made to use all available diplomatic
and secret channels to bring about its
closure. He then said:
The day when this goal will have been
achieved will be a dark one for all these
members of the Communist establishment
who, like myself, have never lost hope that
the system may become more humane and
tolerant, less cruel and aggressive. They will
lose a powerful ally.
These radios have been called the voice
of the silent opposition in Eastern Eu-
rope. Their news broadcasts and com-
mentaries are read and discussed daily
both by the peoples and by their Com-
munist leaders. There is good reason to
believe that even the central committees
of the Eastern European Communist
Parties start their days by reading broad-
cast summaries. As Birecki said:
Communist leaders who have become pris-
oners of their own monopoly of information
need this radio for their own private enlight-
enment, but at the same time fear its im-
pact on others.
After listening to all of the evidence
about these radios, the Foreign Affairs
Committee voted to report out the bill
we have before us. It provides for the
establishment of a commission which will
examine thoroughly the operations of
the radios but will do so within the over-
all context of international radio broad-
casting. Before making its recommenda-
tions, the commission can look thorough-
ly into what the radios do and not just
what others say they do. It can look into
how the information is gathered, how re-
liable it is, and what kind of impact it
makes. If it chooses, it can examine
broadcasting done by others in the area
and broadcasting done by the Soviet bloc.
All this will take some time and the No-
vember 30, 1972, deadline for the com-
mission's report is designed to allow for
careful study. To set a shorter period
would mean that we would have to con-
sider permanent legislation almost as
soon as action on the present bill is com-
pleted. I hope that the House will accept
this bill and that the funds will be pro-
vided to carry on with this important
work.
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from Illinois.
(Mr. DERWINSKI asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I
rise today to express my strong support
for S. 18.
The Commission it would establish is
essential to proper congressional consid-
eration - of the future of Radio Free
Europe and Radio Liberty. The money it
would authorize-$36 million for fiscal
year 1972 and $38.5 million for fiscal
year 1973-would continue the opera-
tions of these radios during this interim
period.
The hearings of the Committee on
Foreign Affairs have provided firm evi-
dence of the success of these radios dur-
ing the years in which they have oper-
ated.
The need for their services was well
stated by former Ambassador to Poland,
John A. Gronouski, when he testified be-
fore our committee. Mr. Gronouski said:
It is not enough for the people of Eastern
Europe to get undistorted news of events in
other parts of the world, however important
this in itself may be. It is even more impor-
tant that they have access to information
about events in their own country other
than that which those in.control wish to
make known.
For if the international community is to
make progress toward the East-West detente
about which we all dream, this will come
about through pressure exerted on their own
governments by an informed citizenry.
This is the role, Mr. Chairman, that
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty
are helping to fulfill in their 24-hour-a-
day broadcasts to the oppressed people
of the Soviet bloc.
I would remind my colleagues of the
House that much as we wish it, the bat-
tle for the minds of men is not yet over.
So long as censorship prevails in the
Soviet bloc, their citizens will seek to
know the truth.
If we tire of the competition and write
off the minds of millions in the Soviet
bloc, we reduce their ability to influence
their governments toward the liberaliza-
tion of policies. To achieve a generation
of peace, we must continue to compete
for the minds of men.
Mr. Chairman, I would direct the at-
tention of the House to the Commission
which this legislation would establish.
The Commission-composed of repre-
sentatives of the legislative and execu-
tive branches of Government, and of the
public-will perform an extremely im-
portant function as it review and evalu-
ates the activities of Radio Free Europe
and Radio Liberty.
The legislation we are considering to-
day is a sensible and reasonable solution
to the problem of funding Radio Free
Europe and Radio Liberty. I urge its
approval.
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from Florida.
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Chairman, as the
distinguished chairman of the Committee
on Foreign Affairs (Mr. MORGAN) indi-
cated at the outset, the legislation before
the House embodies a compromise and
provides interim financing for the broad-
casting operations of Radio Free Europe
and Radio Liberty.
I had suggested that compromise when
it became apparent, after several days of
active consideration of the matter at
hand, that neither the Senate proposal-
which called for a 1-year authorization
of appropriations through the Depart-
ment of State-nor the executive branch
request-which envisioned the setting up
of a permanent corporation to fund these
activities-would carry in the Committee
on Foreign Affairs.
The alternative which is embodied in
the amended bill, S. 18, attempts to steer
a middle course:
It recognizes that these broadcasting
activities, financed for years through the
1111315
CIA, have been, and may well continue
to be, an important adjunct of the over-
seas operations of the U.S. Government;
It acknowledged that most of us here
know all too little about them, or about
their relevance to our country's current
foreign policy undertaking; and
It provides for a way in which these
broadcasting activities can be reassessed
by an impartial panel in which the ex-
ecutive branch, the Congress and the
public will participate. This task of reas-
sessment is essential.
During the past two decades, without
most of the Members of the Congress be-
ing informed about it, several hundred
million dollars of the taxpayers' money
has been spent on these operations.
This represents very substantial, and
enduring, commitment of public funds
and governmental support.
We cannot, in all logic and fairness,
either terminate or perpetuate this com-
mitment without knowing What it is all
about.
The solution which I have proposed en-
visions the setting up of a triparties
Presidential commission which can do a
thorough job of evaluating these opera-
tions and informing the Congress, and
the public, about their relevance to to-
day's and tomorrow's foreign policy of
the United States.
This job will take at least a year. When
it is completed, the commission will go
out of existence and the Congress, sup-
plied for the first time with relevant in-
formation, can decide what should be
done about these activities.
In the meantime, the legislation before
us will also provide interim financing for
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty-
financing through an independent com-
mission, rather than through the Depart-
ment of State.
OPPOSING ARGUMENTS
Mr. Chairman, the amended bill, S. 18,
came to the floor of the House with bi-
partisan support. It was reported from
the Committee on Foreign Affairs by a
vote of 23 to 1. And it is, we have been
told, fully acceptable to the administra-
tion.
Nevertheless, some objections have
been raised to it, first, on the grounds
that Presidential commissions often have
a way of perpetuating themselves with-
out rendering effective service; and, sec-
ond, on the grounds, that interim financ-
ing through the State Department would
be preferable to an independent agency
route.
The Committee on Foreign Affairs has
considered both arguments and rejected
them for the following reasons:
First, the bill before us provides clearly
that the commission which will study the
operations of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty will go out of existence by
July 1, 1973. There is no way in which
the commission can perpetuate itself
under this legislation. This is a one-shot
affair designed to accomplish a specific
job. Once that job is done, the commis-
sion will be finished and will cease to
exist.
Second, as to performance, the com-
mission is being given a very definite,
clear-cut assignment. It is required by
legislation to report on that assignment
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE November 19, 197t
to the President and the Congress. And
to assure that the commission does not
fall down on the job, part of the member-
ship will be drawn from the Congress.
Finally, regarding the financing of
Radio Free Europe and-Radio Liberty op-
erations, our committee has considered
the possibility of using the State Depart-
ment route and has rejected it for very
good reasons. Neither of these two radio
operations is a part of the -State Depart-
ment. Neither of them has been officially
connected with the normal foreign policy
apparatus of the U.S. Government. For
some - 20 years, - these radio broad-
casting activities have been financed by
the CIA and conducted under the cloak
of "private" sponsorship. This is no time
to shove them on the Department of
State. The administration does not want
that; the State Department does not
want it; and the Committee on Foreign
Affairs has recommended against it.
I hope and urge that the House ap-
prove the recommendations of the
committee.
UNITED STATES SPEAKES WITH MANY VOICES
Mr. Chairman, I- would like to take
this occasion to comment on a separate,
but related, subject: The need for a
thorough reappraisal of all overseas
broadcasting activities of the U.S. Gov-
ernment.
For a number of years, while serving
as chairman of the Subcommittee on In-
ternational Organizations and Move-
ments, I was deeply involved in a study
of the impact on foreign audiences of
the many far-flung and uncoordinated
overseas broadcasting activities of the
U.S. Government.
In Europe alone, for example, there
are some 155 U.S.-financed-radio trans-
mitters which operate on short-wave,
medium-wave and long-wave fre-
quencies, broadcasting American mes-
sages to tens of millions of Europeans
and Asians.
There is the Voice of America, the of-
ficial information arm of - the U.S. Gov-
ernment.
There are Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty, whose primary targets
are Eastern Europe and the Soviet
Union.
There is RIAS-Radio in the Ameri-
can Sector in Berlin-which entertains
American troops as well as millions of
West and East Germans with American
jazz, news, and other programs.
Then there is a special megawatt
transmitter in Munich which is used
occasionally to jam Soviet broadcasts to
Eastern Europe.
And, finally, there is the Armed Forces
Network which numbers many millions
of Europeans among its audience.
All of these activities are supported by
the American taxpayers, operate with
the sanction of the U.S. Government,
and, whether rightly or wrongly, are
(teemed to carry out Nation's message to
the world.
The problem is that each of these
operations is fairly autonomus and
neither the Congress nor the American
people have any clear idea of how much
they cost, - how they carry out their re-
spective mandates, or whether they con-
tribute to the advancement of our na-
tional objectives abroad.
Three years ago, in a report entitled
"The Future of U.S. Public Diplomacy,"
our subcommittee recommended that the
U.S. Government undertake a thorough
reexamination of these and many other
overseas information activities financed
with Federal funds. The need for such a
reappraisal is still urgent.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, I would
again urge the House to pprove S. 18 as
reported by the Committee on Foreign
Affairs.
This action not only will contribute to
a solution of an immediate problem and
help the Congress obtain the necessary
information to make an intelligent de-
termination regarding the future of
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty,
but may also provide us with valuable
experience and insights regarding how
other problems in this area could be
approached.
(Mr. FASCELL asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
(Mr. WAGGONNER, at the request of
Mr. FASCELL, was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD.
Mr. WAGGONNER. Mr. Chairman, I
submit that if we are goinng to find a so-
lution to the question of how to preserve
the good work of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty, we must be very clear
aboutwhat it is we are preserving.-
It has sometimes been ,fashionable to
dismiss these unique communications ac-
tivities as reactionary left-overs from the
cold war. It may have been fashionable,
but it has little to do with the facts.
The Los Angeles Times columnist Rob-
ert, S. Elegant pointed this out last
March, in a column which was reprinted
in a number of leading papers. The at-
tacks on Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty by Communist governments are
at least logical from the Communist
point of view, Mr. Elegant said, because:
Authoritarian governments are under-
standably distressed by outsiders challenging
their monopoly of information.
But in the West, Mr. Elegant said:
Attacks are levelled by the wrong people
for the wrong reasons . True liberals
should . support the stations' aims: free
information and East-West relaxation .
The fundamental point is simple. Neither
tensions within Communist society nor ten-
sion between East and West would miracu-
lously disappear if both stations went off the
air tomorrow ... Despite their human imper-
fections, both seek to reduce internal and
international tension by the best means
known to man-the freer flow of informa-
tion.
This point deserves repeating. The dis-
tinguished Swiss newspaper Neue Buer-
cher Zeitung made its own thorough
investigation of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty this spring and com-
mented on June 30:
The reason and justification for these sta-
tions are to be found in the fact that the
Communist states know no freedom of
opinion-that they hinder a free exchange
of information . In our modern age of
global communications and mass media, the
leaders in Moscow and the East European
countries try to work against this commu-
nication, keeping the Curtain closed at least
to that extent, maintaining a "camp of con-
trolled information."
And the Swiss paper concluded:
It is their sealing-off that is unnatural and
contradictory to the tendency of our age to-
ward immediate, global and varied informa-
tion-not the existence of the two stations,
which fulfill important functions as gates
to a world-wide process of communication,
and thus actually serve that coexistence
about which so much is said ...
If we doubt this, we have only to turn
to the Communists' themselves. When
Czechoslovakia was occupied by Soviet
and allied arms in 1968, and told to re-
store the censorship it had dropped dur-
ing the Prague spring, party leader
Dubcek and his Central Committee- were
forced to issue a resolution stating, and
I quote:
The press, radio and television are pri-
marily an instrument for the implementa-
tion of the policy of the Party and state ...
They are responsible for the mass-informa-
tion media working in an exclusively social-
ist spirit.
Now you and I may say that in the
long run censorship cannot work. And
indeed it does not, but only because orga-
nizations such as Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty believe that truth is not
a tool of political control but an abso-
lute value, and act on that belief.
Even wiser heads in Eastern Europe
realize the same things. One notable ex-
ample is Wladyslaw Bienkowski-an old
party man, a distinguished sociologist, a
former Polish Minister of Education and
friend of former Polish Party Leader
Gomulka. Here is what he wrote about
his own party's efforts at censorship, in a
book published late in 1969-a book
which, incidentally, had to be published
outside of Poland. I quote: -
Today, when techniques of communica-
tion have done away with distances ... the
hierarchical method of selecting and censor-
ing information has become a glaring anach-
ronism. . If the authorities of a country
employ the tactics of evading problems and
hiding facts from their own people, there will
always be others to do the job for them-
who will inform the people, in the language
of-the-country, and tell them why their own
government kept these particular facts from
them.
And Bienkowskl goes on :
It is astounding and alarming how far the
influence of this foreign propaganda-repre-
sented chiefly by Free Europe-has extended
not only over the society, but over our au-
thorities. -
Today's Communist leaders would also
do well to lead their own Karl Marx. Here
is what the founder of the movement
wrote for a German paper, 139 years ago:
A censored press remains a bad thing, even
when it publishes good products ... A free
press remains a good thing, even when it
believes in bad products . The character
of a censored press is the characterless dis-
order of unfreedom, a 'civilized' atrocity, - a
perfumed monster.
Now, all of us can agree on the virtues
of a free press and a free flow of informa-
tion everywhere. But there are still two
questions to which vie should have clear
answers:
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First: If we carefully abstain from
activities which the Communist leader-
ships of East Europe and the Soviet
Union find objectionable, will they see
the light? Will they abandon their ideo=
logical campaigns and efforts to arm their
own people against us psychologically?
And second: Are these two radios
actually worthy instruments to keep the
channels of information open?
As to the first point, let me turn to
official evidence from East Europe. In an
April 1970 article, the then chairman of
the Hungarian Parliament, Gyula Kallai,
explained peaceful coexistence this way:
The policy of peaceful coexistence is co-
operation as well as struggle at the same
time. The method to be applied is cooper'--
tion and competition in the economic and
scientific fields, and struggle in the political,
diplomatic and ideological spheres.
This spring the official weekly of the
Czechoslovak Party, Tribuna, predicted
that through the decade ahead:
There will hardly be any reduction of ten-
sion in the ideological field ... It is a long-
term trend which will grow even sharper in
the '70's.
As to whether Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty are worthy instruments of
freedom of information, allow me to
quote a few impartial witnesses-neither
East European nor American:
I have mentioned the Swiss daily Neue
Zuercher Zeitung in another connection.
In its June 30 study of the two stations,
this paper also said, and I quote:
A critical look at the broadcasts shows that
RL ;and RFE work with the same methods and
sources as other Western radio stations, and
are just as open and accessible as the latter,
so that one cannot speak of secret or "agitat-
ing" stations the news programs are put
together from material from Western agen-
cies and from the official pronouncements of
the Communist countries. These news pro-
grams are varied and objective.
This June, Poland's Foreign Minister
protested to the Bonn Government
about RFE's broadcasts; which he called
a "hostile activity." The Polish press
chimed in to accuse Radio Free Europe
of "false information" and "subversive
activity." In response, the major West
German daily Sueddeutsche Zeitung-a
supporter of the Brandt administration-
took an unusual step: It printed trans-
lations of a full day's news programs of
Radio Free Europe's Polish service,
spread across much of two pages, and
invited its readers to judge for them-
selves whether Radio Free Europe was
objective.
The Dutch National Radio Service also
made a careful study and broadcast a
documentary lasting almost an hour. The
broadcast ended with this comment:
Radio Free Europe is not out of date
We would be doing an injustice to the people
in East Europe if the station were to be
closed down ... Radio Free Europe is looked
upon by the peoples of the East bloc countries
in the same way we Dutchmen looked upon
the BBC and Radio Oranfe (the Dutch war-
time freedom station) during World War IT.
In regard to broadcasting to the Soviet
Union, we have an eloquent statement
from Anatoli Fedoseyev, the Russian
scientist recently defected from the So-
viet Union to England.
In talking about the shortsighted
policies of the Soviet Government in the
economic field, he said that the Soviet
Union could, under other policies, make
rapid advances and doing so would auto-
matically put an end to the present ten-
sions in Europe. He then asks:
What can the outside world do to speed
change ...? The answer is simple: Increase
the flow of information. There is no need
for anyone to try to teach the Soviet people
what to think. But there is an enormous and
insatiable demand for information, for facts,
about the outside world, about other Com-
munist countries, and especially about the
Soviet Union itself. The citizens of the Soviet
Union are often the last people to hear news
of events inside their own countries.
Mr. Chairman, all of us want a relaxa-
tion of tension and a growth of under-
standing and trust between this country
and the Communist world. But we cannot
afford to forget that such policies are
real and durable only when they are
backed by the will of informed peoples
on both sides of the world. Let me close
with the words of a very perceptive edi-
torial which appeared in the Washington
Post June 25. Said the Post:
Detente, if it means anything, means
widening the West's contacts with the East,
not helping the East seal off its people from
the West. It means the exchange of people,
goods, words and ideas. This is the essential
business of RFE and RL. The Congress, in
its rightminded determination to shake the
stations free of the CIA, should not lose
sight of the reason for letting them con-
tinue it.
(Mr. SIKES, at the request of Mr.
FASCELL, was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD.)
Mr. SIKES. Mr. Chairman, in the dis-
cussion of Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty, I would like to look at the other
side of the coin for a moment..
I am speaking of the international po-
litical effort of the Communist world-
particularly as it displays itself through
radio broadcasting.
Of course, you run into a contradiction
immediately here. The Communist view
of the doctrine of peaceful coexistence-
whatever it means-does not include ide-
ological coexistence-that is, a free -ex-
change of ideas and information.
Thus if Western stations broadcast the
truth as they see it, into areas under
Communist control, that, in the eyes of
Moscow and Warsaw and Prague is a
violation of the spirit of peaceful coexist-
ence. But if Communist governments
are doing the broadcasting-and Radio
Moscow is the world's leading interna-
tional broadcaster-it seems to be some-
thing else again. Like all of us-but
without any occasional saving grace of
humility the Communists believe they
have a patent on truth.
Soviet Party leader Leonid Brezhnev
drew this distinction very plainly in his
"State of the Union" message to the So-
viet Party Congress this spring, when he
said :
We are living in conditions of unceasing
ideological warfare.
The Soviet leader evidently believes he
has a patent on truth, and he proposes
to use it. He went on to say:
Let the voice of truth about the Soviet
Union be heard on all continents of the
earth.
It is also interesting that Poland-
after abstaining for many years-has re-
cently resumed intensive "jamming" of
RFE broadcasts. The Polish regime might
be expected to argue-as its propagan-
dists already argue-that RFE is a bar-
rier to relaxing tensions in Europe be-
cause it interferes in internal affairs-
Communist style.
However, we have heard nothing
about any restriction of Soviet-bloc in-
ternational broadcasts. And some of
them are truly remarkable.
For example, in its broadcasts to Japan
Radio Moscow has criticized local elec-
tion candidates for-in its words-
"flooding the voters' ears with sweet=
sounding promises." To Indonesia, Radio
Moscow quoted a publication of the out-
lawed Indonesian Communist Party and
called on the Indonesian people for a
confrontation with what it called the
"new-order regime and its reactionary
schemes."
A Soviet-operated station calling it-
self "Peace and Progress" radio has con-
sistently criticized the Indian Govern-
ment as well as non-Communist opposi-
tion parties in that country for the last 3
years. Other bloc broadcasts call for
their listeners to overthrow the govern-
ment of Turkey, Geece, Iran, and Brazil.
Soviet propaganda to West Germany
goes still further. There is a powerful
German-speaking radio-"Soldiers' Sta-
tion 935"-which tries to create the im-
pression that it is speaking from inside
West Germany-but actually comes from
East Germany; it-addresses itself direct-
ly to the West German armed forces, and
advises them on how to resist coopera-
tion with NATO.
In other words:
At a time when the Soviet Union and its
allies are campaigning to shut down Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty, their own
propaganda stations are going full blast.
The fact is that the Soviet Union to-
day is broadcasting in some 79 languages
for 332 hours daily-an increase of 14
percent in the last 4 years. In 1970, radio
stations of the Communist states aired
just under 1,000-hours a day in 99 lan-
guages. A recent British study of Com-
munist broadcasting concluded that-
and I quote:
Radio propaganda remains the most im-
portant means at the disposal of Commu-
nist countries in their attempts to gain cred-
ibility and to influence international de-
velopments in favor of Communist aims.
Therefore-even if RFE and Radio
Liberty were to use the kind of tactics
many Soviet broadcasts do-the Soviet
and East European effort to call "foul"
against Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty would ring a bit hollow.
Mr. Chairman, the comment has been
made ir_ this country that Radio Free
Europe is an arachronism, that it is out
of place in an age of detente-an age,
hopefully, of negotiation.
The answer to that charge is that in
the attempt to bring about more normal
relations between East and West, it is
very important indeed to provide to East
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Europeans a full range of news and opin-
ions about their own affairs as well as
external matters. It is essential that East
Europeans know the full truth about the
real requirements for peace. Judging by
careful interviews of East European trav-
elers done by public opinion research
institutes, Free Europe is heard regularly
by 31 million people, over half the popu-
lation over 14 in its audience area. In
effect, it is they who have answered those
who contend the radios have no function
in the present era. Thirty-one million
people do not listen to an anachronism.
They do listen to Radio Free Europe in
areas where it is very important that our
side be heard. I consider it essential that
this program continue.
Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from Indiana.
Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, I com-
mend the Committee an Foreign Affairs
for reporting this legislation to amend
the United States Information and Edu-
cational Exchange Act of 1948 to pro-
vide assistance to Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty (S. 18).
These two information programs have
been in operation since shortly after the
close of World War II. At that time the
threat of Soviet aggression still existed
throughout countries of Western Europe.
To my mind the cheapest and prob-
ably the most effective offense and de-
fense that the free world has against
Communist aggression is to acquaint the
people of the world both behind and out-
side the Communist Iron Curtain with
the real facts and truths about Commu-
nist tyranny and enslavement. Numerous
reports come from behind the Iron Cur-
tain by the people who listen to the
broadcast of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty to many of the secret op-
erations of Communist tyranny from the
standpoint of concealed enslavement of
its people and the punishment rendered
to its citizens who do not conform.
Through this information millions be-
hind the Iron Curtain receive first-hand
information of important news from the
outside world and knowledge that our
Nation and other free nations have not
given up hope, and that the United States
is continuing its programs and sacrifices
to aid them in their fight for eventual
freedom. Entertainment and informative
programs are broadcast into their homes
conveying aspects of American life and
culture which is of great value to the
families who are receiving the service
of these broadcasts. For the billions of
dollars that the American taxpayers have
paid to curb the Communist tyranny
from expansion, I think the educational
and informative programs originating
from Radio Free Europe and Radio Lib-
erty are the most effective and produce
great results in our program to curb
Communist expansion throughout the
free world.
(Mr. MADDEN asked and was given
permission to'revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. PIRNIE. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from New York.
Mr. PIRNIE. I thank the gentleman
for yielding.
I, too, wish to express my appreciation
of the mission of Radio Free Europe and
the way in which it conveys inspiration
and encouragement to its millions of lis-
teners behind the Iron Curtain. It does
express in very vivid and very appropri-
ate manner the ideals and the true spirit
of America, and does keep alive the spirit
of freedom in the hearts of those who
have reason to feel oppressed because
of the environment in which they are
forced to live. I have supported this pro-
gram since its inceptionand am proud
of its achievements.
(Mr. PIRNIE asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MILLER of Ohio. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gentle-
man from Ohio.
Mr. MILLER of Ohio. I thank the
gentleman for yielding, I see by the re-
port that Radio Free Europe had an ad-
ditional $1.5 million in operating funds,
which came from private sources, and
Radio Liberty has almost no private con-
tributions. Can the gentleman explain
what is the source of the $1.5 million,
and why people would be interested in
contributing to one and not to the other?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I cannot give a posi-
tive answer to that, but I have heard
on the radio and various other places ap-
peals for private contributions for Ra-
dio Free Europe. I do not recall ever hav-
ing heard one for Radio Liberty. They
are separate. I would suppose it would
depend on the effort they might make
to get private contributions.
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. MAILLIARD. I yield to the gen-
tleman from Pennsylvania.
Mr. MORGAN. Of course, Radio Free
Europe has always had an organized
fund-raising campaign. There have been
frequent announcements on television
and the radio. Radio Liberty has
no organized campaign, and receives
only a few small contributions from in-
dividuals who have a serious interest in
the program. They make no public solic-
itation whatsoever. Their donations and
contributions have been very small, I
would say not more than $5,000 or $10,-
000 a year.
Mr. MAILLIARD. I should think that
is the case.
Mr. MILLER of Ohio. I thank the
gentleman.
Mr. Chairman, I support S. 18.
Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Chairman, I note
that the committee report indicates in
recent months Radio Liberty has devoted
an increasing amount of its program to
the plight of the Soviet Jews, and indi-
cates that cultural programs have been
featured along with Jewish holidays. I
notice also that the Radio Liberty broad-
casts in 17 languages. A number of us
have tried to get some of its programing
done with full programs in Yiddish.
Radio Liberty and Radio Free Europe
have resisted those suggestions. In my
judgment, this is an important symbolic
gesture on our part that these programs
be made in Yiddish. I am wondering if
the committee took this up and can give
us any assurance that this kind of pro-
graming may be forthcoming.
Mr. MAILLIARD. I do not recall this
particular question coming up during the
hearings, but I did not attend them all.
I will be glad to yield to the chairman of
the committee for a response.
Mr. MORGAN. I agree with the gen-
tleman who asked the question, that it
is proper that some broadcasts should
be in Yiddish. I want to assure him that
the commission that will be formed to
make a study under this bill will defi-
nitely have a responsibility to determine
whether some of the broadcasts should
be in Yiddish and Hebrew.
Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Chairman, then.I
have the assurance of the committee
chairman and the ranking Republican'
member that they will bend all their
efforts to see to it we do get some broad-
casts in Yiddish?
Mr. MORGAN. The bill provides that
there will be two Members of the House
on this commission. I am sure that who-
ever the the House Members on the com-
mission are, they will recognize the im-
portance of the issue which the gentle-
man has raised.
Mr. MAILLIARD. I am quite certain
that this is one of the subjects that the
commission should make some recom-
mendations on.
Mr. FRENZEL. I thank both of the
gentlemen, and I endorse this program
wholeheartedly.
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield
5 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois
Mr. PUCINSKI).
Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Chairman, I rise
in strong support of this resolution sim-
ply because Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty have been two of the most effec-
tive links that the free world has had
with the people behind the Iron Curtain.
I had occasion to review many of the
broadcasts of Radio Free Europe and
some of the other work they are doing.
I believe that Radio Free Europe has
provided the heartbeat of hope and it
continues to provide that heartbeat of
hope for 180 million people behind the
Iron Curtain living in the captive na-
tions of Europe who, by listening to the
Radio Free Europe program and broad-
casts, are constantly reminded that we,
as the free people of the United States,
have not forgotten them and that we
share in their great hope for the libera-
tion and liberalize)ion of these people
with their ultimately rejoining the free
nations of the world.
I think the adoption of this resolution
will be a great morale booster for the
many wonderful people who work for
Radio Free Europe, people who have
been making' an enormous contribution.
They are all people who have been car-
rying on this relentless struggle behind
the Iron Curtain.
I must say that they have been show-
ing a great deal of professionalism which
they have developed over the years and
that this has brought a great degree
of confidence to the people listening to
the broadcasts. Those who listen to Ra-
dio Free Europe and its broadcasts be-
hind the Iron Curtain have certainly
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November 19, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE H 11319
been given a great deal of hope from based American Council that would be media, they often take this uncensored
those broadcasts. , analogous, perhaps, to the British Coun- dissemination of news for granted.
I have been behind the Iron Curtain cil which has so effectively carried forth We in the United States have the op-
to some of those countries and talked endeavors that facilitate open communi- portunity to insure, through Radio Free
to those people and discussed with them cations. Europe and Radio Liberty, that those
the value and the importance of Radio I believe, therefore, that this bill should behind the Iron Curtain will continue to
Free. Europe and Radio Liberty. In both be supported. I think it only fair to say receive at least a little of the truth for
instances they tell us that frequently that when I was recently in Poland it was which they so hunger.
this is the only link they have with the very clear that Radio Free Europe had In my judgment, Mr. Chairman, these
free world. Radio Free Europe is the only played a very key, sensitive, and thought- networks can help to bridge the gap of
method by which these people can con- ful role in reporting on the events understanding between East and West
tinue to understand what is happening brought on by the student riots in 1968 and the truth itself can provide a foun-
to the rest of the world. and, subsequently, in 1970. dation for peace with freedom in our
I certainly hope that the Commission These stations must become independ- time.
goes over the program and sees to it that ent of the U.S. Government. Otherwise Support for S. 18 will guarantee the
we have a continuation of the Radio Free their credibility will be open to increas- continuation of this vital service to mil-
Europe broadcasts after the 2-year period ing question. And furthermore, we are lions of people who are daily denied the
and that they give serious.consideration dealing here with a sophisticated opera- truth and thereby the _ weapon for
to restoring Radio Free Cuba along with tion that must function within param- freedom.
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty. eters of sensitivity, judgment, and the Mr. HORTON. Mr. Chairman, I rise
We had a very effective Radio Free dictates of the truth.
Cuba operating into Cuba for a number What is called for is fidelity-straight in support of S. 18 as amended. The
of years and then it was shut down dur- news reporting, because we get from this Foreign Affairs Committee of the House
ing the hysteria that swept this country a sensitivity to the kind of straight news has acted wisely in calling for an ex-
a few years ago. that these countries do not have because. tensive evaluation of Radio Free Europe
It seems to me that it is important for of censorship, but which can be of very and Radio Liberty while, in the iterim,
us to continue to get behind the Iron real benefit to the furtherance of open authorizing funds for their continued
Curtain of Cuba and bring to the Cuban communications leading to higher living operation.
people the truth about America and what standards, more freedom and personal The measure reported out of the House
is happening on this continent. liberties in these countries. : Committee would establish a tripartite
So, I am most pleased and wish to Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise commission made up of representatives
congratulate the gentleman from Penn- in support of S. 18, as amended by the of the Congress, the executive branch,
sylvania (Mr. MORGAN) and his commit- House Foreign Affairs Committee, be- and the public. The commission is to re-
tee on both sides of the aisle for not cause I believe the continuance of U.S. dio Free Europe and Radio Liberty and
succumbing to the hysteria that swept assistance to Radio Free Europe and view and evalu,)t^ th- ^ctivities of Ra-
our country a few years ago when there Radio Liberty to be essential to the strug- submit the results of its study to Con-
were strong voices trying to sweep aside ble for human rights around the world. gress by November 30, 1972. The bill au-
Radio Free Europe for people behind the This legislation proposes a study, to be thorizes appropriations to the commission
Iron Curtain. conducted by a Commission on Interna- chairman of $36 million for fiscal year
Mr. Chairman, I think the Foreign tional Radio Broadcasting, to determine 1972 and $38.5 million for fiscal year 1973
Affairs Committee has shown excellent what role the United States should play to enable Radio Free Europe and Radio
judgment in bringing this bill before the in the support of Radio Free Europe and Liberty to continue operations pending
t ovot and as meal a an d r to shot' Radio Liberty in the future. congressional evaluation of its report.
thh vote on this measure in order to show The House version also provides in- This approach is a realistic one. In the
e that we people have in RFE what the they great are doing. confidence terim funds, totaling $36 million for first place, it accomplishes the immedi-
hid-
So, Mr. Chairman, I strongly support fiscal 1972 and $38.52 million for fiscal ate den goal of funding of removing Radio all Free secrecy and Europe and
the adoption of this measure. 1973, to enable these two vital networks Radio Liberty. At the same time, the bid
Mr. MAILLIARD. Mr. Chairman, I to continue broadcasting daily news and final judgment same time, the
and
yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from features behind the Iron Curtain where withholds Radio
how to fund the judgment on w,e ther s. I
New York (Mr. REID). many people are denied even the day-to- m gratified that both the measure
(Mr. REID of New York asked and day reports of events occurring in their passed by the Senate and the bill under
was given permission to revise and ex- own countries. consideration by the House recognize the
tend his remarks.) Through such factual broadcasts they importance of continuing RFE and RL
Mr. REID of New York. Mr. Chairman, fill the void of information so necessary broadcasts pending further congressional
I wish to commend the Committee on to world understanding-a void created evaluation.
Foreign Affairs and the chairman and by Government control of news media. The debate over the future of Radio
ranking minority member for the action During hearings on these two sta- Free Europe and Radio Liberty has per-
they are taking today on bills that were tions, the Foreign Affairs Committee haps received as much attention in the
initially introduced by Senator CASE and heard testimony on the widespread in- foreign press as in our own country. At
myself, the purpose of which was to fa- fluence and effect of both networks, first this point, I would like to share with my
cilitate and insure ultimate direct fund- by former Soviet residents who believe colleagues several commentaries about
ing for Radio Free Europe and Radio strongly that the broadcasts of Radio RFE and RL that have appeared in the
Liberty and to separate the funding from Liberty can reach sufficient listeners to West European press:
the CIA, thereby to increase, we believe, ultimately help bring about changes and
he London Daily Telegraph on June
the credibility of the stations. give rise within the Soviet Union to The T this year stated:
Mr. Chairman, I very much hope that greater freedoms. We heard similar opin- There is now talk of revising the status of
the 2-year funding that is called for in ions expressed by other former Iron Cur- g
the House version of the bill will prevail tain residents about Radio Free Europe. these stations, and signs of a "liberal" of-
fensive on their freedom. It is odd that the
in any conference with the Senate. I As one witness so poignantly described self-appointed defenders of civil liberty in
think the assurance of continuity of these it: the West should have so little concern for
two stations is very important from sev- Thought control was what enabled Stalin the same liberties in the East. Would it really
eral standpoints, not the least of which to invade Finland, Poland and the Western make the world any safer or the Soviet lead-
involyes the personnel of the stations. Ukraine, what enabled Hitler to occupy ers any nicer if our last thin line of com-
Equally important, there are certain dip- much of Europe. It is now being practiced munication with the people of the Com-
lomatic implications beyond the study. at dangerous levels throughout the Soviet munist world were cut?
This study will take 1 year, and I hope bloc, In August 1968, the Manchester
that it may conclude not only that there While millions of Americans daily Guardian observed:
is merit to continuing these stations, but listen to and read the news and a di- When the West bemoans that it can do
also that they will be placed in broad- vergency of opinion from Independent nothing to help, it forgets that it can supply
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE . November 19, 1971
information and that is what eastern Eur-
ope needs to keep its hopes alive . It is
not only in Czechoslovakia that honest news
is needed. All the other satellite countries
keep their people in ignorance of the facts...
In fighting the sort of tyranny we now see
in eastern Europe, a good transmitter is
worth at least one nuclear submarine.
The Paris Nouvel Observateur com-
mented in January of 1970:
No other station in the world, American or
other, exercises such influence direct or in-
direct on the public opinion of five coun-
tries.... its five radios are certainly more
dangerous today than they were yesterday
for the East European regimes.
The Muenchner Merkur, a West Ger-
man paper, stated in June of this year:
Careful analyses by the Federal Press Of-
fice already showed weeks ago that the
American (RFE) take great pains, with ex-
treme journalistic care and objectivity, in
the formulation of their broadcasts. Pre-
cisely this-the non-tendentious representa-
tions-of daily events in the West and East-
is probably the true stumbling block for
Warsaw.
The Hamburg liberal -paper, Die Zeit,
commented on July 2, 1971:
Factual accuracy and objectivity are the
first order of news analysis (at RFE), which
depends on the superlatively reliable and
careful work of an 80-man-strong Research
and Analysis Department ... The "agitation
station" in Munich help. to close gaps which
continue to arise thanks to the anachronistic
information policy of the Communist regimes.
Mr. Chairman, the above comments
demonstrate the tremendous importance
other Free World countries place on the
role of RFE and RL. A more extensive
analysis of these radio stations appeared
in the Zurich daily Neue Zuricher Zietung
entitled "Free News for Unfree Coun-
tries." This article further illustrates the
strong support of RFE and RL by the
press in Western Europe and I commend
it to my colleagues attention during the
current debate:
[Translation from Neue Zuricher Zeitung,
June 20, 1971]
FREE NEWS FOR UNFREE COUNTRIES
With a screeching crescendo, Communist
propaganda is increasing its campaign
against Radio Free Europe (RFE) and Radio
Liberty (RL), and presents them as major
hindrances to a relaxation of tensions in
Europe. Both stations were set up at the
beginning of the 1950's by the Americans in
Munich for the purpose of broadcasting in-
formation behind the Iron Curtain and to
giving the peoples of Eastern Europe and
the Soviet Union their own voice. According
to the late President Kennedy, they were
created to give the people on the other side
of the Iron Curtain a sign that they have
not been forgotten, and to guarantee "that
the peoples of all countries receive the truth
and through it are able [to make] intelli-
gent judgments."
OPEN WORLD ON THE AIRWAYS
The two stations, whose programming cen-
ters are located in Munich, are independent
of each other, have their- own desks and
broadcasting installations, and have different
tasks. Radio Liberty broadcasts to the Soviet
Union-from Lampertheim, Spain, and Tai-
wan, with a capacity of 1,840,000 watts-in
Russian and 17 other languages of the Soviet
peoples. Radio Free Europe has five trans-
mitters in Holzkirchen, nine transmitters
in Biblis, and eighteen transmitters in Portu-
gal (including four each with 100 and 250
kilowatts) with a total strength of 2245
kilowatts, broadcasting daily 20 hours to
Czechoslovala, 19 hours to Poland and Hun-
gary, 12 hours to Rumania, and 8 hours to
Bulgaria. The reason and justification for
these stations are to be found in the fact
that the Communist states know no freedom
Of opinion, that they hinder a free exchange
of information, and that the ruling Party
maintains its opinion monopoly with every
available means. In our modern age of global
communication and mass media, the leaders
in Moscow and the East European countries
try to work against this communication,
keeping the Curtain closed at least to that
extent, maintaining a "camp" of controlled
information. It is their sealing off that is
unnatural and contradictory to the tendency
of our age toward immediate, global, and
varied information-not the existence of the
two stations, which fulfill important func-
tions as gates to a worldwide process of
communication and thus actually serve that
coexistence about which so much is said,
not hindering it, as they are accused of
doing.
SOVIET COUNTERMOVES
Since Khrushchev's successors, out of their
fear of "convergence" and growing intellec-
tual opposition, introduced a re-ideologiza-
tion In the spirit of the Brezhnev Doctrine,
and in April 1968 called for "ideological class
struggle," they have been conducting an in-
tensified battle against the influence of for-
eign radio broadcasts in the area they rule.
The programs directed at the Soviet Union
and Eastern Europe, not only by Radio Free
Europe and Radio Liberty but by the BBC,
Voice of America, and Deutsche Welle as well,
are fought against as "indirect imperialist
subversion." Jamming stations, which had
been closed. down during the period of
Khrushchev's coexistence policy, went back
into action (with the exception of Hungary
and Rumania) ; and In the Soviet Union, the
punishment for listening to foreign stations
was increased. As these countermeasures ap-
parently bore little fruit, the Soviet leaders
are trying by propagandistic and diplomatic
means to silence the stations themselves.
This is the goal of the campaign directed
against RFE and RL, which, as American or-
ganizations operating from the territory of
the Federal Republic, are apparently the most
vulnerable. -
RL's supporter is the Radio Liberty Com-
mittee in New. York, whose honorary presi-
dent is Harry Truman and which is directed
by former Deputy Secretary of State Howland
Sargeant. RFE belongs to Free Europe, Inc.,
led by prominent personalities of America
and advised by a Western European commit-
tee under Dirk Stikker. It had already been
known for a long time that these stations
were not being operated solely with contri-
butions from American organizations and
private persons; the recent revelation by Sen-
ator Case of the financing by the CIA was
thus no surprise. However, President Nixon's
initiative to put the financing of the stations
on a new basis and thus insure their further
activity is combined by Congress with its
own drive for greater control over the gov-
ernment's foreign policy, and has found an
opponent in Senator Fulbright.
Communist propaganda is, of course, try-
ing to take advantage of these domestic
American discussions. The information
broadcast by RL and RFE is presented to
their own subjects as "imperialist agitation"
from the "CIA's witches' kitchen," and, ap-
pealing to latent anti-Semitic sentiments, is
denounced as "Zionist propaganda." The 20th
Olympic Games in Munich in 1972 are being
used as the lever with which to demand a
closing down of the stations whose activity,
according to the Soviet version', would be
contrary to the "Olympic spirit." The maga-
zine Sport v SSR even threatened in April
that one could not expect Communist sports-
men to appear in a place like Munich where
anti-Communist and "revanchist" organiza-
tions were active. However, Avery Brundage
indicated in a television interview on May 9
that an exchange of letters with the presi-
dents of the radio stations had given him
assurance that they understand the ideals of
the Olympic Games and will comply with
them, and he said he believed "that there
should be no difficulty from this side."
PRESSURE ON BONN AND MUNICH
The campaign against the Munich sta-
tions is, however, not only concentrated on
the Olympics, but is broadly connected with
Brazhnev's Western policy. Moscow and War-
saw are obviously trying to infer from the
treaties with Bonn the demand for suspen-
sion of the freedom stations; they see in
them a danger for "European security." The
Polish Government recently even undertook
diplomatic steps in Washington and Bonn
to achieve the closing down of RFE. The
Bonn Government, which is responsible for
granting the license to broadcast and has
just renewed it for another year, has reacted
to such pressure soberly and calmly until
now. For legal, organizational, and technical
reasons it would in any case be impossible
to close RL and RFE overnight. Observing
the Communist campaign directed against
the Munich stations, one can see the GDR
as the driving force, as well as the close
cooperation among the orthodox forces in
the Eastern Bloc. The fact that the radio
and press in East Germany, the Ukraine, and
White Russia are the strongest agitators
against the two stations' presence in the
Federal Republic gives rise to the suspicion
that these attacks could have something to
do with the criticism of Moscow's under-
standing with Bonn which has cropped up in
those areas.
NUMEROUS LISTENERS
Communist propaganda's constant attacks
on RL and RFE are an indirect proof of
their effectiveness among the population of
Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Even
Party leaders admit that the programs from
RL and RFE are widely spread in their coun-
tries and that they serve as a source [of in-
formation] for the rulers themselves. In the
Soviet Union, there are about 27 million
radio sets with short-wave reception, which
means that every fifth adult Soviet citizen
can receive foreign broadcasts. It is esti-
mated that in times of crisis over two-thirds
of the Soviet citizens listed to foreign sta-
tions. Radio Free Europe has, through con-
tinuing empirical surveys and constant in-
terviewing of tourists from Eastern Europe,
been able to produce a more exact picture
of its listening audience and their reactions
and attitudes, confirmed and supplemented
by official surveys in Eastern Europe. It has
been ascertained that nearly 31 million, or
one-half, of the residents over 14 years of
age in the target countries listen to RFE; in
Poland alone, 12 million (59 %) ; in Rumania,
6.5 million (57%) ; in Czechoslovakia, 5.5
million (50%); in Hungary, four million
(55%) and in Bulgaria, 2.5 million (44%).
The most recent surveys clearly indicate how,
during and after the Polish unrest in De-
cember, the number of listeners rose ab-
ruptly-RFE's listening audience in Poland
to 83%, in Rumania to 66%, and in Hungary
to 78%.
WIDE SELECTION
A critical look at the broadcasts shows that
RL and RFE work with the same methods
and sources as other Western radio stations
and are just as open and accessible as the
latter, so that one cannot speak of secret
or "agitating" stations. However, they do
place greater emphasis on spoken informa-
tion; 18% of the broadcasting time at RL
and RFE is reserved for news. The news pro-
grams are put together from material from
Western agenciesend from the official proc-
lamations of the Communist countries.
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These news programs are varied and objec-
tive-which even the Communist side can-
not completely deny, as they recently have
had to wage their battle against the "de-
ideologization" of Western radio propaganda.
For Instance, Moscow accuses Radio Liberty,
which it tries to portray as a disturbance to
European "relaxation of tension," of having a
[too] stressed interest in questions of Euro-
pean unity and security.
The two stations have one special and im-
portant function: the communication of
Western press voices to those countries in
which the population is not allowed to buy
foreign newspapers. Radio Liberty broad-
casts several times daily in 18 languages-a
five-minute press review, and transmits in
addition texts or excerpts from important
editorials and reportage in well-known news-
papers. Radio Free Europe broadcasts press
reviews daily to Bulgaria, Poland, and
Rumania (10 minutes apiece), Czechoslova-
kia (15 minutes), and Hungary (25 minutes).
Not only American newspapers are cited in
them, but the Western European press as
well has a lot to say, including Z'Unita and
Humanite.
Let us look at an example: On May 25, FIFE
included in its press review for Rumania and
in information programs in the Rumanian
language the following material: commen-
taries from AFP, Daily Telegraph, and UPI
on Podgorny's trip to Cairo (6 minutes);
Federal Chancellor Brandt's interview in
Spiegel on Ostpolitik ?and a Berlin agreement
(5 minutes) ; the statement by Czech exile
politicians in the Neue Zuercher Zeitung on
the Prague Party Congress (5 minutes); Paul
Wohl in the Christian Science Monitor on the
ideals and experience of the Soviet popula-
tion (10 minutes) ; Ernst Fischer's essay "The
Revolution Is Different" in excerpts (7 min-
utes); and Topping's report in the New York
Times on Chou en-lai's statements on the
Soviet-China conflict (8 minutes). This
transmission of Western press voices gives the
listeners in Eastern Europe and in the Soviet
Union a view of the world which they wish
for and something against which to measure
their own Party press. Communist journalists
have demanded, in the face of RL's and RFE's
effectiveness, that greater openness and
broader coverage be permitted in their own
press and in the mass media.
EASTERN COPYING
The Communist side even uses as much as
it can the freedom of opinion in the West to
spread its own propaganda and to interfere
in the internal affairs of other countries.
For example, Radio Prague operates in Span-
ish and Italian among the Gastarbeiter in
the Federal Republic [of Germany] and
Switzerland. The form of organization and
manner of working of the two Munich sta-
tions has been copied by the Soviet Union
and, in addition to the official Radio Moscow,
an allegedly independent Radio Peace and
Progress has been created, which is sup-
posedly run by the trade unions, journalists'
union, and the Novosli agency, and which
obviously is connected with the Soviet KGB
(Secret Service). This radio, by the way, also
uses transmitting installations outside of
the Soviet Union-for example, for its Ger-
man language broadcasts it uses a relay
transmitter in the area of Leipzig. Radio
Peace and Progress by far outdoes Radio Mos-
cow as concerns sharpness; in Chinese it is
the mouthpiece of anti-Maoist propaganda.
When the Indian Government protested
against attacks by Radio Peace and Progress,
the Soviet Government declared (with a
shrug) that it has no influence on this "in-
dependent station"...
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Chairman, I have
no further requests for time.
Mr. MAILLIARD. Mr. Chairman, I
have no further requests for time.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the rule,
the Clerk will now read the substitute
committee amendment printed in the bill
as an original bill for the purpose of
amendment.
The Clerk read as follows :
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That there
is established a commission to be known as
the Commission on International Radio
Broadcasting (hereinafter referred to as the
"Commission") composed of nine members as
follows:
(1) Two Members of the House of Repre-
sentatives appointed by the Speaker of the
House of Representatives.
(2) Two Members of the Senate appointed
by the President of the Senate.
(3) Two members appointed by the Pres-
ident from among officers and employees of
the executive branch of the Government.
(4) Three members appointed by the
President from private life, including experts
in mass communication in the broadcasting
field.
(5) The President shall designate one of
the members appointed from private life to
serve as Chairman of the Commission. Any
vacancy in the membership of the Commis-
sion shall be filled in the same manner as
in the case of the original appointment.
SEC. 2. (a) It shall be the duty of the
Commission to review and evaluate inter-
national radio broadcasting and related ac-
tivities of Radio Free Europe and Radio Lib-
erty.
(b) The Commission shall submit its re-
port to the President for transmission to the
Congress not later than November 30, 1972,
setting forth the results of its findings and
conclusions, together with such recommen-
dations as it may deem appropriate, includ-
ing, but not limited to, recommendations
with respect to future management, opera-
tions, and support of such activities; estab-
lishment of a corporate or other entity to
administer support for, or to conduct, such
activities; and protection of the rights and
equities of past and present employees of
Radio Europe and Radio Liberty.
(c) The Commission shall cease to exist
on July 1, 1973,'
SEC. 3. (a) In addition to his function as
head of the Commission, the Chairman of
the Commission shall provide grants to sup-
port the broadcasting activities of Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty and submit
to the President for transmission to the Con-
gress not later than November 30, as ap-
propriate, of each grant made and a state-
ment describing the utilization of each such
grant.
(b) There are authorized to be appropri-
ated to the Chairman for carrying out the
purposes of this section, $36,000,000 for the
fiscal year 1972 and $38,520,000 for the fiscal
year 1973. Except for funds appropriated
pursuant to this section, no funds appropri-
ated after the date of first appropriation
pursuant to this Act may be made available
to or for the use of Radio Free Europe or
Radio Liberty.
SEC. 4. (a) Members of the Commission
who are Members of Congress or officers or
employees of the executive branch shall serve
without compensation for their services as
members of the Commission. Members of the
Commission who are not Members of Con-
gress or officers or employees of the executive
branch shall receive per diem at the daily
rate prescribed for level V of the Executive
Schedule by section 5316 of title 5 of the
United States Code when engaged in the
actual performance of duties vested in the
Commission. All members of the Commis-
sion, while away from their homes or regular
places of business in the performance of
services for the Commission, shall be allowed
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu
of subsistence, in the same manner as per-
sons employed intermittently in the Govern-
ment service are allowed expenses under sec-
tion 5703(b) of title 5 of the United States
Code.
(b) The Chairman of the Commission is
authorized to appoint and fix the compensa-
tion of such personnel as may be necessary.
Such personnel may be appointed without
regard to provisions of title 5, United States
Code, covering appointments in the compet-
itive service, and may be paid without regard
to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchap-
ter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to
classification and General Schedule pay
rates. Any Federal employee subject to civil
service laws and regulations who may be
appointed by the Chairman shall retain civil
service status without interruption or loss of
status or privilege. In no event shall any in-
dividual appointed under this subsection re-
ceive as compensation an amount in excess
of the maximum rate for GS-18 on the Gen-
eral Schedule under section 5332 of title 5,
United States Code.
(c) In addition, the Chairman of the Com-
mission is authorized to obtain the services
of experts and consultants in accordance
with section 3109 of title 5, United States
Code, but at rates not to exceed the maxi-
mum rates for GS-18 on the General Sched-
ule under section 5332 of title 5, United
States Code.
(d) Upon request of the Chairman of the
Commission, the head of any Federal agency
is authorized to detail, on a reimbursable
basis, any of the personnel of such agency
to the Commission to assist it in carrying
out its duties under this section.
(e) The Admiinstrator of General Services
shall provide to the Commission on a reim-
bursable basis such administrative support
services as the Commission may request.
SEC. 5. There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Commission such sums as may
be necessary for its administrative expenses.
Mr. MORGAN (during the reading).
Mr. Chairman, this bill was printed Au-
gust 3 and I am confident that everyone
is familiar with its contents. Therefore,
Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent
that the committee amendment in the
nature of a substitute be considered as
read, printed in the RECORD, and open to
amendment at any point.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection
to the request of the gentleman from
Pennsylvania?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
the committee amendment in the nature
of a substitute.
The committee amendment in the na-
ture of a substitute was agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the
committee rises.
Accordingly the committee rose; and
the Speaker having resumed the chair,
Mr. BRINKLEY, Chairman of the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State
of the Union, reported that that com-
mittee, having had under consideration
the bill (S. 18) to amend the U.S. In-
formation and Educational Exchange
Act of 1948 to provide assistance to Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty, pur-
suant to House Resolution 699, he re-
ported the bill back to the House with
an amendment adopted by the Commit-
tee of the Whole.
The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the
previous question is ordered.
The question is on the amendment.
The amendment was agreed to.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE November 19, 1971 >~
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
third reading of the bill.
The bill was ordered to be read a third
time, and was read the third time.
The SPEAKER. The question is on the
passage of the bill.
The question was taken; and the
Speaker announced that the ayes ap-
peared to have it.
Mr. MILLER of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I
object to the vote on the ground that
a quorum is not present and make the
point of order that a quorum is not
present.
The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum
is not present.
The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab-
sent Members, and the Clerk will call the
roll.
The question was taken; and there
were-yeas 271, nays 12, answered
"present" 1, not voting 146, as follows:
Rooney. Pa.
Springer
Vanik
Rosenthal
Stanton,
Vigorito
Roush
James V.
Waggonner
Roy
Steed
Wampler
Roybal
Steiger, Wis.
Whalen
Ruppe
Stephens
White
Ryan
Stratton
Whitehurst
Sarbanes
Stubblefield
Widnall
Satterfield
Stuckey
Wiggins
Saylor
Sullivan
Williams
Scherle
Symington
Wright
Scheuer
Talcott
Wyatt
Schneebeli
Taylor
Wydler
Schwengel
Teague, Tex.
Wylie
Scott
Terry
Yates
Shipley
Thompson. Ga. Yatron
Shriver
Thomson, Wis.
Young, Fla.
Sisk
Thone
Zablocki
Skubitz
Tiernan
Zion
Smith, Iowa
Udall
Zwach
Smith, N.Y.
Van Deerlin
Spence
Vander Jagu
NAYS-12
Burke, Fla.
Kastenmeier
Schmitz
Denholm
Landgrebe
Whitten
Edwards, Calif.
Moss
Wolff
Hays
Rarick
Wvman
ANSWERED "PRESENT"-l
[Roll No. 410]
YEAS-271
Seiberling
NOT VOTING-146
Eckhardt
Luian
Abbitt
Edwards, La.
Michel
Adams
Eilberg
McClory
Abernethy
Each
Mills, Ark.
Anderson,
Erlenborn
McCormack
Abzug
Eshleman
Mitchell
Calif.
Fascell
McCulloch
Addabbo
Evans, Colo.
Mizell
Andrews, Ala.
Findley
McEwen
Alexander
Evins, Tenn.
Mollohan
Andrews,
Fish
McKay
Anderson, Ill.
Fisher
Morse
N. Dak.
Flowers
McKevitt
Anderson,
Flood
Nelsen
Annunzio
Foley
McKinney
Tenn.
Flynt
Nichols
Archer
Ford,
McMillan
Ashbrook
Ford, Gerald R. Passman
Arends
William D.
Macdonald,
Badillo
Fraser
Patman
Ashley
Forsythe
Mass.
Baker
Fulton, Tenn.
Pelly
Aspin
Fountain
Madden
Baring
Fuqua
Pepper
Aspinall
Frelinghuysen
Mahon
Barrett
Goldwater
Pettis
Begich
Frenzel
Mailliard
Bell
Grasso
Peyser
Belcher
Frey
Martin
Blackburn
Gray
Podell
Bennett
Galifianakis
Matsunaga
Blatnik
Griffiths
Pryor, Ark.
Bergland
Gallagher
Mayne
Boggs
Grover
Purcell
Betts
Garmatz
Mazzoli
Boland
Hagan
Roberts
Bevill
Gaydos
Meeds
Bow
Halpern
Robison, N.Y.
Biaggi
Gettys
Melcher
Brasco
Hansen, Wash.
Rostenkowski
Biester
Glaimo
Metcalfe
Brooks
Harrington
Rousselot
Bingham
Gibbons
Mikva
Broyhill, N.C.
Hastings
Runnels
Blanton
Gonzalez
Miller, Calif.
Byrne, Pa.
Hawkins
Ruth
Bolling
Goodling
Miller, Ohio
Camp
Hebert
St Germain
Brademas
Green, Oreg.
Mills, Md.
Carey, N.Y.
Heckler, Mass.
Sandman
Bray
Green, Pa.
Minish
Celler
Hillis
Sebellus
Brinkley
Griffin
Mink
Chappell
Horton
Shoup
Broomfield
Gross
Minshall
Chisholm
Jonas
Sikes
Brotzman
Gubser
Monagan
Clancy
Jones, N.C.
Black
Brown, Mich.
Gude
Montgomery
Clark
Jones, Tenn.
Smith, Calif.
Brown, Ohio
Haley
Moorhead
Clausen,
Keating
Snyder
Broyhill, Va.
Hall
Morgan
Don H.
King
Staggers
Buchanan
Hamilton
Mosher
Clay
Kluczynski
Stanton,
Burke, Mass.
Hammer-
Murphy, Ill.
Cleveland
Koch
J. William
Burleson, Tex.
schmidt
Murphy, N.Y.
Collier
Kuykendall
Steele
Burlison. Mo.
Hanley
Myers
Conyers
Landrum
Steiger, Ariz.
Burton
Hanna
Natcher
Corman
Latta
Stokes
Byrnes, Wis.
Hansen, Idaho
Nedzi
Cotter
Leggett
Teague, Calif.
Byron
Harsha
Nix
Crane
Lennon
Thompson, N.J.
Cabell
Harvey
Obey -
Culver
Lent
Ullman
Caffery
Hathaway
O'Hara
Davis, Ga.
Link
Veysey
Carney
Hechler, W. Va. O'Konski
de la Garza
McCloskey
Waldie
Carter
Heinz
O'Neill
Delaney
McClure
Ware
Casey, Tex.
Helstoski
Patten
Dellums
McCollister
Whalley
Cederberg
Henderson
Perkins
Devine
McDade
Wilson, Bob
Chamberlain
Hicks, Mass.
Pickle
Diggs
McDonald,
Wilson,
Clawson, Del
Hicks, Wash.
Pike
Dingell
Mich.
Charles H.
Collins, Ill.
Hogan
Pirnie
Dorn
McFall
Winn
Collins, Tex.
Holifield
Poage
Dowdy
Mann
Young, Tex.
Colmer
Hosmer
Poff
Edmondson
Mathias, Calif.
Conable
Howard
Powell
P
N
Edwards, Ala.
Mathis, Ga.
Conte
Coughlin
Hull
Hungate
reyer,
.C.
Price, Ill,
So the bill was Passed.
Daniel, Va.
Hunt
Price, Tex,
The Clerk announced the following
N
J
Daniels
Hutchinson
Pucinski
.
.
,
Danielson
Ichord
Quie
pairs :
Davis, S.C.
Jacobs
Quillen
Mr. Brooks with Mr. Ashbrook.
Davis, Wis.
Jarman
Railsback
Mr. Anderson of Tennessee with Mr. Mc-
Dellenback
Johnson, Calif.
Randall
Closkey.
Dennis
Johnson, Pa.
Rangel
Dent
Jones, Ala.
Rees
Mr. Abbitt with Mr. Edwards of Alabama.
Derwinski
Karth
Reid, N.Y.
Mr. Ullman with Mr. Eshleman.
Dickinson
Kazen
Reuss
Mr. Passman with Mr McCollister.
Donohue
Kee
Rhodes
Edmondson with Mr. Oleveli;.nd.
Mr
Dow
Keith
Riegle
.
Downing
Kemp
Robinson, Va.
Mr. Lennon with Mr. Steiger of Arizona.
Drinan
Kyl
Rodino
Mr. Evins of Tennessee with Mr. Mathias
Dulski
Kyros
Roe
of California.
Duncan
Lloyd
Rogers
Grasso with Mr. Crane.
Mrs
Cu Pont
Long, La.
Roncalio
.
Dwyer
Long, Md.
Rooney, N.Y.
Mr. Hogan with Mr. Veysey.
Mr. Young of Texas with Mr. Grover.
Mr. Patman with Mr. Latta.
Mr. Chappell with Mr. Peyser,
DMir. Clark with Mr. Conyers.
Mr. Leggett with Mr. Diggs.
Mr. Waldle with Mr. Stokes.
Mr. Flynt with Mr. Rousselot.
Mr. Fraser with Mr. Mitchell.
Mr. Carey of New York with Mr. J. William
Stanton.
Mr. Corman with Mr. Davis of Georgia.
Mr. Alexander with Mr. Ruth.
Mr. Baring with Mr. Sebelius.
Mr. Podell with Mr. Dellums.
Mr. Cotter with Mr. Shoup.
Mrs. Hansen of Washington with Mr.
Badillo.
Mr. Culver with Mr. Steele.
Mr. Mills of Arkansas with Mr. Ware.
Mrs. Abzug with Mr. Clay.
Mrs. Chisholm with Mr. Koch.
Mr. de la Garza with Mr. McDonald of
Michigan.
Mr. Hawkins with Mr. Harrington.
Mr. Abernethy with Mr. Fisher.
Mr. Evans of Colorado with McDade.
Mr. Jones of Tennessee with Mr. Lent.
Mr. Jones of North Carolina with Mr.
Keating.
Mr. Landrum with Mr. Smith of California.
Mr. H6bert with Mr. Gerald R. Ford.
Mr. Blatnik with Mr. Anderson of Illinois.
Mr. Boland with Mrs. Heckler of Massa-
chusetts.
Mr. Byrne of Pennsylvania with Mr. Sand-
man.
Mr. Celler with Mr. Devine.
Mr. Thompson of New Jersey with Mr.
Goldwater.
Mr. Dingell with Mr. Esch.
Mr. Flood with Mr. McDade.
Mr. Fulton of Tennessee with Mr. Mizell,
Mr. Fuqua with Mr. Bell.
Mrs. Griffiths with Mr. Hastings.
Mr. Runnels with Mr. Collier.
Mr. Roberts with Mr. Whalley.
Mr. Kluczynski with Mr. Blackburn.
Mr. Link with Mr. Nelsen.
Mr. McFall with Mr. Teague of California.
Mr. Mathis of Georgia with Mr. Pelly.
Mr. Nichols with Mr. Winn.
Mr. Pepper with Mr. Snyder.
Mr. Purcell with Mr. McClure.
Mr. Rostenkowski with Mr. Don H. Clausen.
Mr. Charles H. Wilson with Mr. Bob Wilson.
Mr. Sikes with Mr. King.
Mr. Slack with Mr. Kuykendall.
Mr. Staggers with Mr. Baker.
Mr. Barrett with Mr. Horton.
Mr. Addabbo with Mr. Robison of New York.
Mr. Brasco with Mr. Halpern.
Mr. Delaney with Mr. Bow.
Mr. Dorn with Mr. Jonas.
Mr. Mollohan with Mr. Camp.
Mr. Boggs with Mr. Clancy.
Mr. Mann with Mr. Broyhill of North
Carolina.
Mr. Pryor of Arkansas with Mr. Pettis.
Mr. St Germain with Mr. Michel.
Mr. Gray with Mr. Hillis.
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
The title was amended so as to read:
"An act to authorize the creation of a
commission to evaluate international ra-
dio broadcasting and related activities of
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty,
to authorize appropriations to the Chair-
man of the Commission, and for other
purposes."
A motion to reconsider was laid on th
table.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members may
have 5 legislative days during which to
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'November, 19, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE
extend their remarks on the bill just
passed.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from New
Jersey?
There was no objection.
RURAL DEVELOPMENT-WHAT WE
NEED IS THE RELEASE OF FUNDS
WE HAVE ALREADY APPROPRI-
ATED
(Mr. WHITTEN asked and was given
permission to address the House for I.
minute, to revise and extend his remarks
and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. WHITTEN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday
the Washington Post carried the follow-
ing big headlines: "Both Parties Push
Aid Program for Rural Areas." The story
followed, pointing out what a number of
my colleagues plan to do toward passing
legislation to meet rural needs. Promi-
nent among those mentioned is our good
friend and colleague, Senator ROBERT
DOLE, Republican Leader in the Senate,
and under that-with a question mark-
appeared the words, "the White House
Bill".
Mr. Speaker, what we need is action,
not more talk. What we need Is the re-
lease of present funds, not more legisla-
tion. What we need is to get President
Nixon and his Director of the Budget, Mr.
George P. Shultz, to turn loose the mon-
ey we in the Congress provided for rural
area programs in the appropriations bill
which I authored as Chairman of the
Appropriations Subcommittee handling
the subject, Public Law 92-73. These
funds are available now, but the Presi-
dent and Director of the Budget refuse to
release them.
These frozen funds total $58 million
for rural water and waste disposal grants,
$75 million for the Farmers Home Ad-
ministration to make production loans,
$216 million for rural electrification
loans,* and $5.9 million for rural tele-
phone loans, funds for rural housing for
domestic farm labor, for mutual and self-
help housing, flood prevention, resource
conservation and development, land con-
servation and development.
Mr. Speaker, the Congress has done its
part; however the Bureau of the Budget,
with the approval of the White House, has
cut back the agricultural conservation
porgram, now REAP, by $55.5 million
for next year despite a congressional
directive to continue it at its former
level. This means that the President and
Mr. Shultz are turning their backs on
1 million Americans all over the United
States who have each year put up an
equal amount of their own money, in
addition to their labor, to really do some-
thing about pollution.
Such veto reduces soil technicians for
the Soil Conservation Service and
greatly retards watershed programs as
well as regular soil conservation activi-
ties.
Mr. Speaker, I repeat: What we need is
action, not any more talk. What we need
is the release of present funds, not more
legislation.
RED CHINA AT THE U.N. COULD
JEOPARDIZE SETTLEMENT OF
ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT
(Mr. BIAGGI asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I want to
alert my colleagues to a very serious sit-
uation that could arise in light of Red
China's recent inflammatory remarks at
the United Nations and the earlier expul-
sion of Nationalist China.
Let me first point out that when Na-
tionalist China was thrown out, a danger-
ous precedent was set. It was the first
time a member of the U.N. was expelled.
Now, if they can make a claim that Tai-
wan is not a "legitimate" government,
the same can be said of other govern-
ments.
Moreover, Red China has decided to
cast itself as the self-styled champion of
"third world" rights. The lesser developed
nations of the world are ready to listen to
the rhetoric of Mao and his cronies, and,
what is more important, vote with them.
As such this alliance can pose a formid-
able threat to peace efforts in the U.N.
Here is where the serious problem lies.
Red China, in its maiden speech at the
U.N. leveled a strong attack on Israel,
claiming that it had committed aggres-
sion against the Palestinians and that it
was not the legitimate government of the
area. Will one of Red China's first acts in
the U.N. be to order the expulsion of Is-
rael and the seating of the Palestinian
guerrillas?
The Middle East situation is the most
explosive issue before the United Nations
Security Council. The other four perma-
nent members of that body have entered
into negotiations in an effort to reach a
settlement. Now with Red China on that
Council, what chance will there be for a
settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict?
I am sure we will see a Red Chinese
effort to thwart every action or initiative
taken by the Security Council toward a
settlement of the Middle East war. To
permit a U.N. negotiated settlement
would mean a "victory" for the Soviet
Union in Red China's eyes. To see a con-
tinued confrontation would mean a
greater opportunity for Red China to
establish itself in the Middle East. Clear-
ly the United Nations will become more
impotent than ever.
I am sure we have not seen an end to
the folly of the United Nations action
against Taiwan. As one local newspaper
recently put it, we have begun the era
of "China in the Bullshop."
PRINCETON LYNCH MOB
(Mr. ICHORD asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute, to revise and extend his remarks
and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. ICHORD. Mr. Speaker, on Octo-
ber 28, 1971, I described on the floor of
this House the makeup of a group call-
ing itself the Committee for Public Jus-
tice that has been created to harass and
criticize the Federal Bureau of Investi-
gation.
At that time I remarked that at least
one member of the Committee for Public
Justice, Lillian Hellman, had been identi-
fied in sworn testimony before Congress
as a member of the Communist Party,
U.S.A. In addition, an individual commis-
sioned to prepare a paper for the Com-
mittee for Public Justice Frank Donner,
was identified in sworn testimony as a
member of the Communist Party,-U.S.A.,
and like Miss Hellman, when given an op-
portunity to explain his past activities,
exercised his right to invoke the fifth
amendment.
On November 3, 1971, the St. Louis
Globe-Democrat carried editorial com-
ment on this so-called Committee for
Public Justice entitled "Princeton Lynch
Mob."
I think the editorial pretty well sums
up the Committee for Public Justice as a
"manufacturer of garbage" and a "kan-
garoo court."
I would like to insert this editoral in
the RECORD.
PRINCETON LYNCH MOB
If the Ku Klux Klan announced that it was
holding a conference at Princeton University
to castigate the Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion, It 1s highly unlikely that it would be
given much credibility or news coverage.
Why then did certain liberal newspapers
give a great amount of coverage to a confer-
ence at Princeton University held by a far
leftist group that everyone knew was called
for the single purpose of making a violent at-
tack on the Federal Bureau of Investigation
and its director J. Edgar Hoover?
Because certain leftist critics have no real
case against Mr. Hoover or the FBI, they
have to manufacture the garbage they. put
out,
Certainly the conference at Princeton
(calling it a conference gives this kangaroo
court too much stature) has to rank as one
of the most vicious in memory. Under the
sponsorship of the Committee for Public Jus-
tice, they proceeded to make a whole series of
undocumented, unsubstantiated charges
against the FBI and its director.
How could anyone give such an assemblage
the slightest bit of credibility?
Just consider who some of the leading
"critics" at the hate-the-FBI session were:
There was Ramsey Clark, who has been
conducting a vendetta against Hoover and
the FBI for years. In our book Clark was one
of the worst Attorney Generals in the na-
tion's history.
He was a weak sister from the word go.
Hoover expressed it perfectly when he said
several years ago that Clark was "like a
jellyfish ... a softie" when he was Attorney
General.
There was Frank Donner, who in 1955 took
the 6th Amendment when he was asked by
the House Un-American Activities Commit-
tee about his connections with the Com-
munist party. Donner made news in 1961
again when he attacked the Un-American
Activities Committee in a book that was so
biased most St. Louis bookstores refused to
handle it.
There was Lillian Hellman, who was iden-
tified in sworn testimony before Congress
in 1951 as having been a member of the
Hollywood chapter of the Communist party,
according to Rep. Richard H. Ichord, chair-
man of the House Internal Security Com-
mittee.
Ichord, who denounced the Committee for
Public Justice for its hatchet job on the
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H 11324
FBI, said Miss Hellman was a founder of
that committee.
There also were three former FBI agents,
several former assistant attorney generals, a
professor and other known critics of the FBI
who made various allegations about FBI sur-
veillance and other operations-none of
which had enough support to warrant a
further inquiry.
Members of Congress, of course, should ig-
nore the hot air from this verbal lynching
of Mr. Hoover and the FBI.
The FBI may not be perfect but it con-
tinues to do a most outstanding investiga-
tive and enforcement job for the Depart-
ment of Justice.
This kind of public smear attack on the
FBI inevitably boomerangs. Those who en-
gage in such stacked, public name-calling
sessions `make themselves look silly.
If these are the main accusers of the FBI,
then the FBI and Mr. Hoover must be doing
very well indeed.
Never has a barrage missed its mark so
completely. The big artillery shell intended
for the FBI plooped out of the Committee
for Public Justice's howitzer and landed on
top of the assembled leftist "eggheads."
Hopefully this will be the last we will hear
from this committee that apparently knows
so little about public justice.
FREEZE OF FUNDS FOR AGRICUL-
TURAL PURPOSES
(Mr. MYERS asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MYERS. Mr. Speaker, a moment
ago the gentleman from Mississippi cited
that some of the funds allocated for
agricultural purposes and to help rural
America are being held by OMB.
I have an extremely high regard for
the gentleman from Mississippi, and I be-
lieve our voting records indicate we
philosophically agree on most every
point, but I believe the gentleman from
Mississippi did miss one point, and that
is this: This Congress and this House
of Representatives consistently have ap-
propriated over the budget, and they
have in every instance this year appro-
priated more money with one exception,
and that is the Defense appropriation.
Now, my friends, how in the world is
the President of the United States going
to spend more money than we have com-
ing in without going out to borrow more
money? We have placed a limitation on
how much he can borrow, We have only
so much money coming in from revenues.
When we spend over that someone has to
stop spending. The buck stops with the
President and the OMB.
I am sure the President agrees with
many of us about the desirability of some
of the great programs. I certainly agree
with the idea suggested by the gentleman
from Mississippi that these rural pro-
grams are necessary. But the President
is doing the only thing he can do, when
we are forcing him to spend more than
we have and that is to freeze those funds.
FREEZE OF FEDERAL FUNDS
(Mr. GIBBONS asked and was given
permission to address' the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I just got
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE November 19, 1971'-
In on the tail end of that conversation
awhile ago about freezing funds, and I
want to say that we can be pennywise
and pound foolish.
We froze a lot of funds the other day
when this House passed without a rec-
ord vote the biggest giveaway program
Congress has ever participated in and
that was not needed. I am referring to
the tax program which passed the
House about 3 weeks ago. And the Presi-
dent supported that program, and I be-
lieve it is going to be disastrous for this
country when one considers the fact that
this year we will have a deficit of about
$33 billion.
I want to say we could also be penny-
wise and pound foolish if we hold up
money for construction of medical
schools and things like that.
So there are two sides to this coin.
Certainly there are some useless pro-
grams in this country that should be
done away with, but it is not all a one-
sided story. If the President wants to
veto programs let him do so but I ob-
ject to the withholding of funds to per-
haps be released in time for an election.
MEXICAN DRUG ENFORCEMENT
EFFORT
(Mr. FREY asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute, to revise and extend his remarks and
include extraneous matter.)
Mr. FREY. Mr. Speaker, I recently
spent several days in Mexico conferring
with officials and seeing for myself what
the Mexicans have done to stop the cul-
tivation and trafficking in illegal drugs.
I found, to my surprise, that the Mexi-
cans are really trying to do something
about the growing of poppies and the
drug problem in general.
The following statistics indicate what
the Mexican Government has been able
to accomplish in the past 2 years in Op-
eration Cooperation:
TOTALS OF OPERATION COOPERATION, OCTOBER
1969 TO OCTOBER 6, 1971
POPPY
Number of fields destroyed: 11,245.
Area in square meters: 28,534,200.
Number of plants destroyed: 313,549,402.
Seeds confiscated: 316 Kgs. 260 Ors.
Raw opium: 87 Kgs.
Heroin: 54 Kgs. 159 Grs. 6 Mgs.
Cocaine: 163 Kgs. 532 Grs.
Morphine: 11 Kgs.
MARIJUANA
Number of fields destroyed: 3,133.
Area in square meters: 18,006,809.
Dry Marijuana incinerated: 39 Tons 603
Kgs.
Confiscated Marijuana in stock: 76 Tons
434 Kgs. 550 Grs,
Seed confiscated: 348 Kgs. 690 Grs.
TOXIC PILLS
Barbiturates
240.
L.S.D.: 584.
"Peyote": 3 Kgs.
VEHICLES
Planes: 5.
Boats: S.
Automobiles: 44.
DETENTIONS
Prior investigations: 1,832.
Persons accused: 5,204.
Foreigners: 914.
INTENSIVE PHASE OF THE CAMPAIGN
AGAINST MARIJUANA, 1971
Results obtained to date, in the States bf
Sinaloa, Durango, Chihuahua, Michoacan and
Guerrero.
MARIJUANA
Fields destroyed: 1,334,
Area: (square meters) 5,704,368.
Plants destroyed: 106,776,433..
POPPY
Fields destroyed: 826.
Area: (square meters) 2,195,871.
Plants destroyed: 37,992,916.
Despite these impressive statistics, the
Mexican Government could be doing a
much better job if it had more personnel
and equipment. There are only 250 Fed-
eral officers in the entire nation. More-
over, only 6.2 percent of the Mexican
budget covers the army, navy, general
administration, and law enforcement. As
a result the Federal agents are not well
paid-$120 to $150 a month-and there
is a severe lack of equipment, especially
helicopters and airplanes which are the
principal tools in the drug enforcement
activities.
Hopefully, the U.S. Government can
continue to work closely with the Mexi-
can Government and provide badly
needed assistance, such as equipment
and training, so that the results can be
even more meaningful.
ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION TO
SOON ANNOUNCE LOCATION OF
FIRST LIQUID METAL FAST
BREEDER REACTOR
The SPEAKER. Under a previous or-
der of the House the gentleman from
Washington (Mr. MCCORMACIir) is recog-
nized for 15 minutes.
(Mr. McCORMACK asked and was
given permission to revise and extend
his remarks and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, dur-
ing the next few months the Atomic En-
ergy Commission will announce the site
of the first liquid metal fast breeder re-
actor-LMFBR. This nuclear reactor and
its associated research facilities will
demonstrate the design and engineering
feasibility of the next generation of nu-
clear power reactors.
The LMFBR will be paid for by the
Federal Government-through funds
that have already been substantially ap-
propriated-by the manufacturers of the
reactor, and by a large group of electric
utilities.
My comments today are intended to
make you aware of the fact that the peo-
ple of the Hanford area in eastern Wash-
ington, where I live, are almost unani-
mous in support of locating the LMFBR
in the Hanford site. In this respect, my
congressional district seems to be unique
in the entire Nation.
Mr. HOLIFIELD. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. McCORMACK. I will be happy to
yield to the gentleman from California.
(Mr. HOLIFIELD asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
. Mr. HOLIFIELD. Mr. Speaker, the
gentleman from Washington is making