PRESS REACTION TO SENATOR CASE'S RADIO FREE EUROPE INITIATIVE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 45
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 16, 2005
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: February 25, 1971
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
u,'uai y '; , 1/i'1
ought to sue for peace. In fact, if the
S.lth Vietnamese reverses continue, r a-
noi may well end up believing they ore
uch closed to a military victory than
they themselves had thought. In any
case, nothing about this operation would
..aei:: to serve the cause of a negotiated
sc slo;.lent and dual peace.
y we 'ould now he on a very
r c a counsLa. We should not be c;-
-r, ..but trying to find w ,S
to u:.e.,cafatc it. We should not be to kii.;
which seen: to as-
.;urc our fultllcr and deeper entanglc-
~t. Wa should, instead, be deciding on
G. to oil tdach to end our involvement.
should not be seeking a military solu-
.ca to souther.. Laos; we should be seek-
jo'c:cal solution in Paris to end the
,. a .i? Vietnam.
r". OIT O vT 0-2 RULES BY COM11/1iT-
Ci LABOR AND PUBLIC
Mr. President, at its
-V111
or;; tnizatioral meeting on February 18,
1G71, the Committee or. Labor and Public
eifare readopted its existing rules gov-
g the committee's procedures.
sc.. a copy of the colilmittee's rues
to the desk and ask unanimous consent
;ghat they uc printed i s the Racoco as re-
gni.ad by seeiion 13313 of the Legislative
Reorganization Act of 1946, as amended.
The cornmittae will meet again shortly
to consider amendments to these rules
___ any amendments than adopted will
also be subr;.it ed for p; blication in the
There b:ing no objection, the rules
wei e ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
follows:
Tim-as AND PROCEDURES OF TIE; SENATE
CO:%I:.iITTr.E ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE
Rule 1. Unless the Senate is meeting at
t;. - time, or it is otherwise ordered, and
o ice given, the Committee shall meet regu-
.ra,ly at 10:30 a.m. on the second and fourth
Thursday of each month. The Chairman may,
upon proper notice, call such additional
meetings as he may deem necessary,
f.uic 2. The Chairman of the Committee
(subcommittee), or if the Chairman Is not
prescut, the ranking Majority member pres-
cat shall preside at all meetings.
Rule 3. All hearings conducted by the Com-
mittco (subcommittee) shall be open to the
public except:
1. Executive sessions for the consideration
of bills or resolutions, or
2. gor voting, or
3. Where the Committee (subcommittee)
by majority vote of those present orders an
Executive session.
Rule 4. For the purpose of conducting an
Executive session, a majority of the Commit-
tee (subcommittee) actually present shall
constitute a quorum. No measure or recom-
mendation shall be reported from the Com-
mittee (subcommittee) unless a quorum of
the Committee (subcommittee) is actually
present at the time such action is taken.
Votes by proxy shall be permitted.
Rule 5. For the purpose of conducting pub-
lic hearings (including the taking of sworn
testimony) a quorum shall be determined
as follows:
(a) For the full Committee-five members
actually present.
(b) For seven-member subcommittee-
three members actually present.
(c)' For five-member subcommittee-two
members actually present.
Rule S. Thee shall . cc: ;fete
record of all Con..uwc
tion. Such r, e rae _.... co: voce
cast by cwcli raenibc ? c '.ice Coinr. u(saC-
conun.ttm) on .a y cuesn:o.. v%hten a "yea
and nay, vote is deal z: cd.
Clc of Con.:n. ce, or _
istant, .hall acmV a lee ,i..n :eereary of
all prod c : l i bolo:e .hc
con]mi stce) .
Rule 7. he C naiv (s lice .:1:~.cc)
~._..w U.e e( t:'a wn-
sha _ so fai: _:1
n e-
n e.1t; of thei. ~,,o ec nitir:oa '-call
s,vcaty-~WJ .re... s ore ._._ , ~c
to b_-, soli -
nlaries of tl: is ..n:ei2 is. The sic in
o::ieci,~ ...ny he.. is .c t grized to i:mit
this tone of Baca \,- aess _7Carin b loo ,
time Ceann t c 1N o.ln: t }
The Cc.aini.. ibco, .::_,a e) as
fart hra .ia .al . i_za ..,.,....:guy pray.:
ly taken Oil -..mS .arc: :T.easiire5 s:,mar"Lo
those before It for consderation.
Rule S. Should :, s :bco.nnittee fade to re-
port back so she foil Col:.lnittee on ally meas-
ure a reasonable time, the C_.airmaih
n-lay Niaihd:?aw the measure front st.b-
cormnitta nd repo. tiler f to the
Cgmrr:~ ec for r disposing::.
Rule 9. No sal coanlriltce ..ay a
rneeti_ig or hca.ing .L a tune tcd for
a hearing or of tine full Ccnni._*"00.
Rule 10. It shall be the city of she Chair-
man to report or came to be i ;.o tad to the
Senate, any iheasute or reco.::rn d: fell n -
proved by the Contra ittee and to c-d O or Cause
to be tai:en, necessary steps to i;ring the nat-
ter to a vote.
Rule 11. No pcrschh other than r.:efa'aers of
the Committee (subco`a; nittco) and :~eL.bers
of the staff' of the Com.nittee, ll: it be er-
mitted to attend the Executive sic:ls g_
the Committee (sub eomrlittce), except by
special dispensation of the Ccrrrr:ittec (at. -
conimittee), or the Chairman
Rule 12. The Chairman of the Co..:..,ittee
(subcommittee) shall be empowered to ad-
journ any meeting of the Committee (sub-
committee) if a quorum is not present, with-
in fifteen minutes of the time scheduled for
such meeting.
Rule 13. Whenever a bill or joint resolu-
tion repealing or amending any statute or
part thereof shall be before the Committee
(subcommittee) for final consideration, the
Clerk shall place before each member of the
Committee (subconanittee) a print of the
statute or the part or sectionl thereof to be
amended or repealed showing by stricken-
through type, the part or parts to be omitted,
and In italics, the matter proposed to be
added.
Rule 14. Investigation Procedures
a. An investigating coninlittee (subeon.-
mittee) may be authorized only by the action
of a majority of the committee.
b. No investigating committee (subcom-
mittee) Is authorized to hold a he .ring to
hear subpoenaed witnesses or take sworn
testimony unless a majority of the Members
of the committee or subcommittee are pres-
ent: Provided, however, that the committee
may authorize the presence of a Majority
and a Minority Member to constitute a
quorum.
e? An investigating committee (subcom-
mittee) may not delegate its authority to
issue subpoenas except by a vote of the
committee (subcommittee),
d, No hearing shall be initiated anless the
investigating committee (subcominitee) has
specifically authorized such hearing.
e. No hearing of an investigating commit-
tee (subcommittee) shall be scheduled out-
side of the District of Columbia except by
the majority vote of the committee (sub-
committee).
f. No confidential testimony taken or con-
fidential material presented in an executive
of az.:. vast ._t_ Cc 0
~ic ..?u. gifts from corporations and
rr: tee-e than '30 million each
e s t ,, cones from t' le CIA,
'o t Case's c'larges, a CIA spokes-
kit -,..d:
-i- Central Intelligence Agency never re-
or,, v,at,ians U.S. officials is-
L i !,Ile Anuo'ican.n consulate general in
ski^!t, Germans', maintain extremely close
wills them.
_esst one of these oficials, according
o ]le sources, maintains a full-time liaison
o the two stations with a, mission of
their L'ogrnm content does
i'er =sort ".S, policy.
'seep the stations informed, the sources
, a?:son man passes on a steady
of classified and unclassified U.S.
'~;c,, ^?.c,rncn i. documents reporting on events
`ncilities for keeping the classified
RCI 1.c!'-olSs Katsell-
seere' n of. state, recom-
0-1 '1011T7--on ordered the
oV al- federal
Act,
..,... ... `C -ES TURDpr
ek
c Et rope and
;'lc .;i, seve7 sl
;x b_ __ spc_it from
cas-?*Cd,
C.. 'TA Spend'ng for
n e over tTO
C act
1'; r no t Col less
fo,
own In e'tiry satisfies him that the charges
are true.
Between 312 mi4lon and $20 million in
free advertising space is donated annually
to raise private contributions for the sta-
tions, Case said, but the return from the
public s "apparently less than 5100,000."
Case's proposal would amend the U.S. In-
forlration and Educational Exchange Act to
nutitorlse `'u'ds for bolls stations in the
cookim, :isc!tl year and provide that no other
federal money could be diverted to either
station.
A spokesman for Case said the New Jersey
Republican hopes the legislation, if success-
ful. will begin to lift the curtain on various
federal secret spending, much of which, he
feels, is no longer warranted.
Emergency funding of Radio Free Europe
and Radio Liberty from secret accounts
might be understandable In an emergency
or for a Year or two, Case said, But the Justi-
fication his lessened as international ten-
sions ?'.ave eased, he said.
IF rota the Trenton Sunday Times,
Jan. 24, 19711
CASS WOVL3 MALT CIA RADIO FUNDING-
WASSIISrGTON.-If you thought that Radio
Free 7urope depended on private contribu-
tions so',c led 'trough its extensive tele-
vision sd campaigns, you may be surprised
to knot; that it is funded largely by the
federal, government's Central Intelli once
Agency (CIA),
So said Sen. Clifford P. Case
anno".acing plans to introduce Monday legis-
lation that would for the first time put fed-
eral funding of RFE and Radio Liberty under
the control of Congress.
The New jersey senator said that the two
radio stations, which claim to be non-gov-
ernme'ttal organiz:a.t-.ions sponsored by pri-
vate contributions, receive about $20 million
per year front Secret CIA budgets over which
Congress leas no control.
arm SPACE DONATED
CIA funding allegedly accounts for near-
ly al, - of the 1i34 million operating costs of
the ^;o stations, with the remainder com-
g fro:: cor?o:'ate contributions and citi-
7elt Llnnat ens.
Toter the auspices of the Advertising
Couoe'. l , Case said, about $12-20 million in
free ^.d sin ce is . donated to -TIFF and RL by
television and radio stations, nev:spapers
ancl ^.z;.:?es, and billboard companies.
The '~no-='- 51-O0,C20 in c 'tizen donctions
that rest::;: from this c anapa.ign, ho;rever, are
?. '?r.,.,;._ ''e portion of the 1-111_- ^.c'. RL
i-,-'~clio " rove and Radio Liberty were
h ^~3 a_ .^5:. res_ ee tvei^ REd
-- _.S t: C :e'_ioei os?^~;: "o.C.,c. 'Ti?_,-
aa a_ ^u :.n_. , vO'ule 1=11 bread
ca" to do"let union.
a?, aogr ?nr in^ ed'toria_'
P s o~` n-'N' those of the. Voice
o'?z-
( (^C' Sunday Star,
J tat
C,ls^ To Coven oN CIA RADIO A:D
Cr' O" _ rail' present
to zorro77 o cntiz i . he ciaams
_i'._on dell:.. .asidies g.'el:
aro , .- m
by pri-
v'tte
to CO 1...:Y - Tti"n".
n" o , n"n issr?cd, yes;tcrday,
Case e_ e ' re tr alo`7e the
C.'_:1 "o v". 00 t ion" to Radio Free
nne, 'lp cc direct govern-
na nntP.i-aCtoh r..s_un..n._o_ st ed'y are non-
stations, Both
, c','eral hzmdred
million dollars in United States Government
funds have been expended from secret CIA
budgets to pay almost totally for the costs
of these two radio stations broadcasting to
Eastern Europe," Case charged.
SUBSTITUTE FUNDING SOUGHT
Case, a member of both the Senate For-
eign Relations and Appropriations commit-
tees, said he will present legislation to bring
the two stations under the aiithorizal,lnn
and appropriation process of Congress, Ito
will call tentatively for a $30 million authoris-
ation, he said, tuider the amended U.S. In-
formation and Educational Exchange Act of
1948.
Rep. Ogden R. Reid, R-N,Y., will introduce
similar legislation in the House, Case said.
In developing his case, Case said that in-
come tax returns showed that the combined
operating costs of the two stations in 'fiscal
1969 were nearly $34 million ($21,109,935 for
Radio Free Europe and $12,887,401 for Radio
Liberty),
Of that amount, he charged, $30 million
came from the CIA. Less than $100,000 carne
from the public, through a free advertising;
campaign by the Advertising Council of the
media in this country, and a "small part"
more came from private corporations and
foundations, Case said.
EASING Ol' TENSION NOTED
Case charged that any possible justifica-
tion for this "covert funding" has lessened
over the years with the easing of interna-
tional tensions,
The New Jersey Republican said he would.
ask that administration officials be called to
testify before Congress on the needs of Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty.
He noted that in 1967, after disclosures
that the CIA was providing funds for the Na-
tional Student Association, President John-
son accepted a recommendation that "no fed-
eral agency shall provide covert financial as-
sistance or support, direct or indirect, to
any of the nation's educational or voluntary
organizations."
That recommendation, which added that
"no programs currently would Justify any
exception to this policy," was made by John
Gardner, then secretary of Health, Educa-
tion and Welfare, Richard Hellas, director of
CIA, and Nicholas Katzenbac`_t, then unc er-
secretary of State,
"The extraordinary Circunsste,nces that
night have been thought to lustily circum-
vention of constitutional processes" In an
"emergency situation" years ago, said Caee,
"no longer exist,"
EVIDENCE CITED
Sources close to Cose say evidence exists
to prove that the two stations are really ad-
juncts of the U.S. government. They say
that Radio Free Europe and Radio Liber_;
receive classified documents iron. the Art:^r-
lean consulate general in Munich for use in
their broadcasts.
furthermore, the sources say, Radio Free
Europe sends messages to Washingtot-orc-
suma`3ly to the CIA-nsinfr the secret cocking
system of the consulate general.
Observers here said Case merely is bring-
ing out into the open a situation known in
oP,'.ci^.1 circles for veal's,
[From the Baltimore News-American,
Jail. 24, 19711
SENATOR CASE Asirs OVERSEAS RADIO CIA FUND
CUTOFF
(By John P. VTallach)
WASnINGTON.-Seat. Clifford P Ca?.e, R,.-
N.J., announced Saturday he would introduco
legislation Monday to stop the Central 1"-
telligenee Agency (CIA) from continu'_ng to
bankroll Radio Free Europe (RFE) and
Radio Liberty (RL).
Case charged that tite outlay from "secret"
CIA funds has already cost the U.S. taxpayer
.,several hu:tdrecl million dollars," The lie-
Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
 Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
I, /iI \J~
priblican senator sailed on the two organiza-
tio?s to quit the pretense of acting as pri-
vate organizations claiming to rely solely
on volunt !.Iy contributions.
As as replacement for covert government
ful.ciing, Case proposed that Congress ap-
urC iriatc the ~i30 million that is now neecled
to acct the station's average annual budget.
,4,1 AVE and RL beam, in several languages,
;,,_,w> to rife zlc.t:ons of Eastern Europe and
i 3c'v1 t Union.
h o-t.nizations are heavily staffed by
.efufms from behind the Iron Curtain, but
o.,. di~tiilct from the Voice of America,
b'Jir uh i - ,,,n oiiicial arm of the U.S. govern-
r-,cr t anti receives all its funding from Coil-
that the CIA continues
io n, nco ti.e two stations amounts to a
d,r, Cl attack against CIA Director Richard
~-il l,, w'no vans one of three members of a
:.,.i ins st.gatory body formed after
Inc disclosure in 1907 of CIA funding of the
Tat oi,.h Student Association.
.e cn n,'i ision, which also included John
C..lic,ner, the secretary of the Department
r.c:aich, Educc.tion and Welfare (HEW)
a.1c Nicholas Kr,tzenbach, then secretary of
,mate, recomn :ended "no federal assistance
or support, direct or indirect, to any of the
nation's educational or voluntary organiza-
t1O215."
Cn March 29, 1907, President Johnson ac-
ce, red the commission's recommendations
nd ordered that they be implemented by all
.mural a,,ellsies.
Care alhn.>.l:iced that he would call leading
s",ni:listraaion officials to testify on his bill,
cl.amino :h "during the last twenty years,
'eras hnncired m.aion dollars in United
o erl,rnen unds have been expended
_.o.: secret CIA budgets to pay almost totally
for the cost of these two radio stations.
'In the last fiscal year alone, over $?0
...:Ilion was provided by CiA as a direct gov-
ernment subsidy; yet at no time was Con-
asked or permitted to carryout its
t_aGaional constitutional role of approving
the expenditure," Case said.
Congressional sources disclosed additional
evidence of the links between the stations
and the U.S. government-ties that Case be-
_, eves violate at least the spirit of the or.
; I, cis if ioris vii; IFIers with enable them to
rn:ui:t.oin t:lx privileges and other benefits as
private, non-governmental operations.
Tlhe evictellce Cited was:
i.t least one foreign service officer as-
signed to the American consulate general in
Munich is permanently assigned to helping
1 and AFL staiCers in Munich prepare
broadcasts. The U.S. ofieial's chief task is to
.ussur e that the program content does not dif-
Icr from U.S. foreign policy.
In order to keep RFE and RL personnel in-
formed on current U.S. policy, the broad-
castors are given access to classified and un-
classified U.S. government, including CIA,
documents reporting on events In Eastern
Europe.
U.S. government security personnel reg-
ulca'iy inspect RFE and RL's headquarters in
Munich to make sure facilities for keeping
classified material are secure.
The Suite Department runs a special pro.
grain which regularly beings American em-
bassy oi&oials from Eastern Europe to Munich
to brief RAE and RL staffers. The station's ex-
ecutives also have the use of U.S. diplomatic
pouches to communicate with their offices in
Washington and New York.
The Voice of America maintains separate
studios in Munich but its staffers freely ex-
change research, background information
and other documents with RFE and RL per-
sonnel.
Case also charged that Radio Free Europe
benefits from millions of dollars of free ad-
vertising under the auspices of the Ad-
vertising Council, but realizes only a frac-
tion of this is private contributions.
"I have hc.a ac.v..,
Inii ion anG else related t.
was thunderous over clandestine government Nixon's mepropo and ulvimat~ effect of Mn
penetration of student organizations, with POST ENDORSES HUMPHREY- this matter are However, "1 .y" questions in
all the implications of potential infrir e- REUSS REVEN(IE LL this matter are eguedlly t whatever the
meat on academic freedom. fate
r8 _SHpiRING BI deed, It could particular argued ea*u whatever the
sasr.>zs REPORT Mr. of this
nation o urea Mr. Nixon
QUOTED ~FIREY. Mr. President, Mon- has done the nation a co derable service
senator case now quotes, whit considerable day's Washinkton Post contained a lead by Initiating what could be a highly produc-
irony a recommendation made by a pre:.!- editorial which addressed itself to the tive debate on problems thht should have
dentist committee which investigated that various the revenue-sharing proposals now been faced tong ago. We ark,, not referring
CIA fund! before ongr&;s, here to the rhetoric of "re}olution" or to
IIttirecommended that "no federal agency I am gratified the editorial singled out Mr. Nixon's own antic bo ng ("Power
provide covert financial assistance or the bill that Congressman HENRY REUSE to the People") or to the J.!`Z.'d logic that
support, direct or indirect, to any of the and I introduced for laudator underlies talk of "giving ba'? to the states
nation's educational or voluntary organize- y mention. functions and responsibilities l he federal gov-
tions," and that no programs current!} REII Senator
thav put t in and "Congressman ernment acquired only bec*use the states
Would justify any exception to this policy." n a bill which would refused to assume them in the first place.
Sources close to Senator Case say he Is not phase the funds progressively over a Rather, we have in mind tir, valuable and
trying to close down Radio Free Europe, but longer period of time, meanwhile encour- overdue focusing of attention on the urgency
merely to bring into the open the govend- aging the adoption or reform of income of devising an equitable and effective re-
ment's relationship to it. taxes by the States and a whole array distribution of the nation's ;tax revenue.
The view here Is that the CIA for 20 years of measures designed to bring state and The argument over the precise amount of
has remained the financier of Radio Frte local financial and money-45 billion-to be sh ed in the first
Europe, in the Case charge, due to bureau- governmental prac- full year ar o of the general prom is a case in
outdo inertia. "It's the whole question of tices at least into the Century which will
shortl point. That sum s been f B 'the d tt
s
how does the government change; " in the Y end." too little and too m much. Butt the dispupute iiva
s
Words of one source. No one here suggest-- Mr. President, that is indeed the thrust not one of those conventional split-the-
there Is any Machiavellian plot behind the of the Humphrey-Reuss bill--to provide difference affairs In which `the object is
CIA financing, at least, not at present. increasing Federal grants to States and merely to reach agreement on the size of an
The Case bill is expected to be referred to local governments to ease their fiscal outlay the federal governmesit can afford.
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. crunch and as an inducement to reform o Each argument tends to rest) instead, on a mer chaired by Sen. J. Pulbright (D) of Arkansas,, and streamline their fre enu sharin . the o I, and purpose
where it Is assured a sympathetic hearing. tares and 60Yernmental sLruC- of revenue sharing. $b btliin s far too small
Senator Case is a member of that committee. processes. a sum if you take at face value the Nixon
Local government must be more re- administration's stated aims; In fact the
[From the St. Louls Poet-Dispatch, sponsive to the needs of their' people. The White House, ritually and repep+tedly blaming
Jan. 24, 19711 Humphrey-Reuss bill will authorize the the nation's social unrest on tike gap between
Paor>osrs CIA CUT o1''r Ranro sTATION Ftrnvs funds to help provide these services and promise (or overpromise) an4 performance,
(By Richard Dudman) to help State anti loom governments in
has nonetheless started down 4t similar road Itself
maki
powei WASHINGTON, Jannary 23.Senator Clef- clai render themselves able to allocate these claims for r thhe e learge, tion 4s f an the-peo amount
t
than
ford P. Case (Rep.) , New Jerrsey, proposed funds more ef>lt iently and economically. which is actually ly l less s than must by which
Saturday that the United States drop the Such reform will make both present reve- state and local budgets incre ' annually. At
pretense that Radio Free Europe and Radio nuns and expected Federal revenue shar- most these funds can be exp cted to miti-
Liberty are private enterprises and begin A- ing go just that much further. gate a rise in local taxes, ncf to take the
nancing them openly. Mr. President, I ask unanimous Coil- Place of such a rise. And fife prospective
Although the two propaganda stations. sent that the Post editorial for February administration measure carri$s an Insuffl-
ba
been widely known to be opertalona of ens funds, incentives, stud sanctions clency of the Central Intelligence Agency, Case be- to
E, 1971, be printed in the RECORD. to ensure re that the shared reenue will not
came possibly the first public official to blurt 'There being no objection, the editorial merely be of help in perpetu king a variety
out the truth publicly. was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, of relationships between citizen and govern-
Radio Free Europe, beamed to Eastern as follows: ment and among divisions oq government
Europe, and Radio Liberty, beamed to the MR. NrxoN'S MESSAGE ON REVENUE SHARING that sorely require change on grounds that
Soviet Union. operate in Munich, West Qer- There were rat Wren range from moral to managerial.
many, ostensibly on private contributions. y surpriaw in the It is for this last reason that others-
But Case said these contributions ap- message on cress o ^sharing the President chiefly legislators and olitical theorists who
parently come to less than $100,000 a year, Sent to Congress a Thursday, Mr. Bran are not known for their tscrim h nets with the
With modest additional amounts 1rpln addressed himself primarily to the "general" public purse-are claiming ing th 6 the $5 bil-
foundations and corporations, whereas the (or real revenue sharing of $5 billion with lion first year sum is too large. It Is too large,
stations' operating expenses for rascal 1959 the states in the program's first year of they contend, to be dls ens to such un-
were almost eratin0.000. operation, as distinct from the so-called p ffe "special revenue sha
Properly, for a fortain ss at t when the means are at hand
Re : showed copies of returns they filed
consolidated grants) L mg" has (more yet t to be once o be once re sacsach t the people revenue and the nd th state ate and and would al
with the Internal Revenue Service report- spelled lit s local
ing that operating costs were $21,108,935 for out and which Is meant to provide governments in severest need. This alterna-
RadirotFree Europe and $12,887,401 for Radio a ed pub With 411 billion for broadly de- rise wuld for toe federal gtvernment
costs r
y' natioon all oif Almost all the `. casts of f huat
"22 AavEartsrxG The Seneral revenue nearing measure Mr. nations! welfare programs-rz{eaning that
Case said he had Veen advised that_ Nixon outlined would automatically dispense share which state and local governments are
tween $12,000,000 and $20,000,000 in free an amount equal to 1 3 per cent o1 the na- now obliged to pay, Meantime-the argument
media space was donated ann tion's taxable personal income to state and runs-while the state and local;;"governments
Mud res ually to the local governments for use as they see fit. It and their taxpayers would gain relief in the
mg campaign under auspices of the is to include financial incentives for the release of state and local weltsre expendi-
Advertising Council. states to maintain their own tax efforts and tures for other purposes, a nor modest sum
'In the last 20 years several hundred mu- to work out their own sharing arrangements could be allocated to a phased eneral reve-
lion dollars In United States Government with local governments-"pass through" nue sharing plan that would be, In Con-
funds have been expended from secret CIA formulas, as they are known, that are par- gressman Henry Reuss's terms, a "catalyst"
budgets to pay almost totally for the costs ticuiariy suited to the state's individual not a "
of th
t
t
cr
ese
wo radio stations broadc asting to requirements and acceptable to a majority of This schu
chool of thought, to hlch we are
Eastern Europe," Case said. "In the last its governing bodies (such as cities, town- ourselves Inclined at this tha
fiscal year alone, over $30,000,000 was pro- ships, counties) representing a majority of the automatic allocation oft fed rally col-
vided by CIA as a direct government sub- its population. There Is also to be provision lected revenue to the states repz' cents a step
tidy: yet at no time was Congress asked or for a federal audit which-given the ban on that will not easily be reversed $nd one with
permitted to carry out, its traditional con- racially discriminatory use of the funds-- critically important long-term mplications
etitutional role of approving the expends- could prove quite interesting in those cases and effects, From which it fol.[ows that it
tore." where the funds might go into the general should not be taken loose2Y or
~ghtly or in
Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0.
 Approved elease' 2005/08/22'.: CIA-RDP72-00300050028000 0
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE February
'10 1110 County Board of Supervisors. All Law-
rence asked was that the-county resist at-
tempts to build any more `highways through
what is to be. known as ?Ellanor Campbell,
Hayes Lawrence Park in honor of his late
wife, and that the dilapidated one-lane
bridge over Bid Rocky Run be replaced with
a two-lane bridge faced with stone from the
pre-Revolutionary quarry on the property.
Lawrence added that it would be nice if
the County Park Authority would allow the
Rocky Run Garden Club, of which Mrs.
Lawrence was-'it founder, to continue meet-
ing in the old wheat mill as it has for 40
years or so. But he does not insist upon it.
Th9re are those who use their philanthropy
to buy a kind of immortality: to keep their
names engraved in stone somewhere or to
make sure soe young fellow doesn't spend
the fortune in' a way of which its amasser
would not have approved or to preserve
some land the, former owner loved.
Not Lawrence. He confesses affection for
the trees that cover most of Middlegate Farm,
but he doesn't demand their preservation.
He'd like the mill, one of the largest and
oldest- in the county, to be restored (the
' Lawrences have used it as a guesthouse) but
doesn't require it.
"The place will be theirs," he said. "I ex-
pect they'll take care of it. Ellanor and the
children and I have had a great deal of pleas-
tire from it and I -hope the people of the
county will."
Lawrence will talk about the land; which
was camped on and fought over by both sides
during the Civil War Battles of Bull Run
(First and Second Manassas), but dis-
courages questions about himself and his
philanthropy.
"My wife loved the trees, couldn't stand to
have one cut and didn't like to see them fall.
She picked the land when we bought it in
1935 (the bulk of it for about $16.000). It
Was in her name. In her will (Mrs. Lawrence
died in June, 1969) she said it was to be do-
nated to a beneficiary of my choice.
. "Through the years the Scouts and other
groups had come to study nature there, so I
thought we should leave it to the people who
live In Fairfax and their friends,"
Actually, Middlegate Farm is Lawrence's
second major gift to Fairfax residents. The
first, and some would' say the most important
one, was the county eecutive form of govern-
ment, which was adopted by the voters in
1950 after a masterful campaign designed and
executed principally by Lawrence.
In that fight he took on and beat every
powerful political group: the- entrenched
Byrd Organization under the so-called Court-
house Crowd headed bythe late Circuit Judae
Paul E. Brown, and the coalition that had de-
veloped the reform movement, which includ-
ed the League of Women Voters, the Federa-
tion of Citizens Associatioii and the Good
Government League. He also beat down the
chairman of the county's governmental study
commission, of which Lawrence was. vice
chairman,
The Byrd Organization was trying to hold
on to the extsting' county board form, under
which power was concentrated in the hands
of Judge Brown, able and articulate and arch-
conservative.
I The coalition, including Lawrence's chair-
Ixlan, was presing for the county manager
form, under which all members of the ruling
board would have been elected at large.
Lawrence cried a pox on both their houses
in this pre-election letter to The Washing-
ton Post:
"The political power today in Fairfax
County ... is vested primarily in a few offi-
cials, ,who are elected,by county-wide voting.
They are the ones" who are today' fighting
change in Fairfax County'sgovernment.
"Their brothers under the skip-the polf-
ticians who arj lurking behind the pressure
groups to take over under the county manager
system-will be more firmly entrenched in
been... cottage, everything he passes in the mill. He
"Each voter would be voting for six super- hasn't really lived at the farm since Mrs.
visors under the county manager plan. It is Lawrence died.
conceivable that the voters in one district will
know enough about the personal capacity of
any of the 10 or more candidates for the FADIO FREE EUROPE AND RADIO
board from the other districts--or -will the LIBERTY
voters have to depend upon the political ma-
chine or a coalition of pressu::?e groups to
hand them a slate on which to vote ' ja'?"
? That kind of rhetoric apparently blew all
his opponents down, good gi:.ys and bad
buys together, because the voters gave their
"ja" to Lawrence's plan by 5,210'o 3,502.
Lawrence then headed a team that put the
county executive form into effect over a two-
year period. The new government wasn't per-
fect by any means-several supervisors have
go'ne to prison for zoning bribery conspiracy-
but the more efficient and flexible county
executive system at least survived the popu-
lation boom that started in the 1950s.
Judge Brown, a Virginia gentleman of the
old school, was not one to let political differ-
ences interfere with friendships. He con-
tlnued to invite Lawrence as a speaker before
the Off the Record Club, a group of Fairfax
squires who met to discuss pclitical issues
privately and informally.
The squires no longer meet. Most are dead
or retired. But David Lawrence marches on,
cranking out five newspaper columns a week
as' he has for 55 years, plus the back page
spot in the magazine. Whethetr he's at his
vacation home in Sarasota, Fla. the farm or
hi's suite at the Sheraton-Carlton Hotel, he
always has his news ticker and a direct tele-
phone line to his office at U.S. News.
His lifetime routine remains unbroken, al-
though a friend said "it's just a routine now,
with Ellanor gone. She was the center around
whom he revolved."
Lawrence said it himself during the Medal
of Freedom award ceremony at the White
House on April 22:
"I have a sentimental interest in the White
House. I started writing about White House
activities when I graduated frcm Princeton
in 1910 when Mr. Taft was President ... It
ad happened in the early years I was sitting
in the White House lobby when a beautiful
girl went through to call on a member of the
secretarial staff. Two and a ha:.f years later
she became my wife. We were married for al-
most 51 years. the 'Lord sent Ire one of the
most wonderful companions in the world and
he took her away last year. I know if she
could have been here she would have ap-
preciated this hour very much, and I do, too.
"Thank you. Mr. President."
The President: "I'am sure she is here right
now."
Now, he doesn't want to talk about her
with strangers. He shrugged off questions
about the award scrolls and plaques. cover-
ing two walls of his office, which he has ac-
cumulated over the years. Never mind the
Presidential Medal of Freedom presented to
him "and seven other old guys."
'Lawrence is a very private man.
And a busy one. He steps carefully now,
not so big and vigorous as once, but he steps
rieh.t along, aided and abetted by Obadiah
William Person, his chauffeur of 27 years, who
maneuvers the huge black Cadll ac limousine
through Washington traffic with a skill and
abandon that would make arty nut in a
Volkswagen envious. The Cady Goes not have
low-number license plates. It wouldn't occur
to' Lawrence to ask for them. although the
President says Lawrence is the journalist he
has known longest and best.
Out to the farm, rosring down Rt. 66 to
the Centreville exit. Whipping past his lands
and his pond and the Civil War earthworks.
First stop, the wash house, toturn on the
ticker. Paper jams. Damn machine won't
work. Never mind.
Lawrence seems to be in a hurry, although
he assures his interviewer he's not. The
Mr. PEARSON. Mr. President, my dis-
tinguished colleague from New Jersey
(Mr. CASE) has raised for scrutiny by
.Congress and the public the question of
covert funding by the Central Intelli-
gence Agency of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty. He has proposed legisla-
tion to authorize public funding of these
stations. His statements have been well
covered by the press, and considerable
information?of potential value to Sena-
tors is contained in this group of articles,
which I ask unanimous consent to have
printed in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the articles
were ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
[From the New York Times, Jan. 24, 1971]
CASE WOULD BAR CIA AID FOR RADIO FREE
EUROPE
(By Benjamin Welles)
WASHINGTON, January 23.-Senator Clif-
ford P. Case, Republican of New Jersey,
charged today that the Central Intelligence
Agency had spent several hundred million
dollars over the last 20 years to keep Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty functioning.
Mr. Case, a member of the Appropriations
and Foreign Relations Committees, said that
he would introduce legislation Monday to
bring Government spending on the two sta-
tions under the authorization and appro-
priations process of Congress. Representative
Ogden R. Reid, Republican of Westchester,
said today that he would introduce similar
legislation in the House.
Radio Free Europe, founded in 1950, and
Radio Liberty, formed a year later, both have
powerful transmitters in Munich, West Ger-
many, staffed by several thousand American
technicians and refugees. from Eastern Eu-
rope.
Radio Liberty broadcasts only into the
Soviet Union, Radio Free Europe to other
Eastern European countries except Yugosla-
via.
Both organizations have offices in New
York and purport to be privately endowed
with funds coming exclusively from founda-
tions, corporations and the public. Both,
however, are extremely reticent about the
details of their financing.
Senator Case noted in a statement that
both Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty
"claim to be nongovernmental organizations
sponsored by private contributions." How-
ever, he went on, "available sources indicate
direct C.I.A. subsidies pay nearly all their
costs."
The Senator said that the Central Intelli-
gence Agency provided the stations with $30-
million in the last fiscal year without for-
mal Congressional approval.
DISCLOSURES RESTRICTED
Under the Central Intelligence Agency's
operating rules, its activities-such as covert
funding-are approved by the National Se-
curity Council. However, disclosure to Con-
gress is limited to a handful of senior legis-
lators on watchdog committees of each house.
The Central Intelligence Agency and Ra-
dio Free Europe both declined to comment
today on Senator Case's statement. Efforts
to elicit comment from Radio Liberty were
unavailing.
Covert C.I.A. funding of the two stations
has, however, been an open secret for years,.
although the C.I.A., in accordance with
Approved- For Releas 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000560280004-0
 Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-003378000500280004-0
February 11, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE
A change in the law will be necessary be-
fore the small farmer can be helped. The set-
aside eligibility requirement was delayed one
year by an administrative order from the
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
With this thinking we fully agree, as
will all those interested in the plight of
our farmers under this legislation.
I ask, unanimous consent that the en-
tire Hackethorn article, "Plow Up That
Grass, Gain 'Flexibility,"' be printed in
the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RacoRD,
PLOW Ui. THAT GRASS. GAIN "FLEXIBILITY"
(By Jack Hackethorne)
The Administration's new farm bill has
sma11 farmers in a pickle. Recently an-
nounced changes in eligibility set-aside pro-
visions have quieted some of the rumbles
from larger farmers, but even they had been
unhappy about plowing up grass to comply
with a set-aside provision requiring acres
to be rotated.
A change in tfie law will be necessary be-
fore the small farmer can be helped. The
set-aside eligibility requirement was delayed
one year by an administrative order from the
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
In Nodaway County, for example. 691 farms
have a feed grain base of 25 acres or less.
Many are maintaining their homeson these
farms. Many of these small farms are owned
by retired farmers drawing a small govern-
ment payment and, in some cases, Social
Security.
Many of these farms have been seeded for
pasture and has. If price support payments
are collected, the new law requires a rnini-
mum of 45 percent of feed grain base be
planted or the base will be reduced each
year, eliminated after three years. To protect
this base will require this grass land be
broken out. Not only will this add to soil
erosion and pollution problems but some
farmers will be forced off the farm.
Emery Shell has an 88-acre farm south of
Pickering. He is 73 years old and has lived
on this place since 1949. Shell has a 20-acre
feed grain base, seeded to grass since 1981.
"Now, to qualify. I must plow up some of
the good grass and plant corn," he says. "It
ought to raise good corn. It has had a rest1
but I would be better off the way it was under
Carl E. Holzer lives on 78 acres south, of
Maryville. At 79, "I am not able to farm any
more. All my ground is in grass and is ter-
raced. I have been trying to get It all in
grass. It is good farming and there Is no
erosion, and will be better land when -t leave
than what I moved on 40 years ago, I have
no need for corn, and at my age 1 hate to
plow up any grass." -
Elbert Risser, Route 1. Sheridan has 200
acres, "would just as soon have the entire
farm seeded down in grass and 'feed a few
cows. Now I will have to plow u + 21 acres of
fescue that would make an wful lot of
winter pasture just to save fe grain base."
A controversial section of the program
dealing with set-aside acres as temporarily
delayed a year after a loud
mble from the
/1
Under the old farm program (Act of 1985)
farmers were urged to take 'land out of feed
grain production and to divert acres to soil
conserving crops such as grass. If farmers
harvest a crop from these diverted acres
they lose government payment and price sup-
ports,
Under the Administration's new program
farmers were asked to set aside acres (prob-
ably 20 percent of the feed grain base but the
figure is yet to be announced) and take them
out of production. If they set aside these
acres along with conserving acres they would
be free to grow all the corn and other feed
grains they want on remaining acres. The
catch Is that the set-aside acres must have
been used to grow crops in one of the past
three years. This virtually rules out land
diverted from production from year-to-year
under the previous program. The effect would
be to force farmers to rotate acres set aside
each year. This would have disrupted crop-
ping plans and increased costs by making it
necessary to plow up land already seeded
to grass and established gram seedings cn
land intended for feed grain crops.
H. H. Wooiridge. In Cooper County, thinks
the provision to "silly" and the delay should
be made permanent. "I have been using 2,
pounds of Atrazine per acre to keep the weed
and grass out of my corn for about 12 ye
Grass will not grow on this ground. It c~bes
not make sense to plow up good grass, and
plant corn and then expect to establish a
good cover of grass on those fields th7(t have
been in corn." :
I). T. Weekley, who farms near Backwater.
said. "They are asking us to destroy what
we have already done and to startover again."
NOTHING TO FEAR FROM FBI
Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. dent, last year
the Congress passed tl (Organized Crime
Control Act of 1970 v1ruch imposed great
new responsibilities on the FBI. These
included new areal of combating orga-
ntzed crime and fn investigating bomb-
ings at institutions receiving Federal as-
sistance. Sho;ly after this act was
passed, the Cgpgress also approved a sup-
plemental appropriation for the FBI to
enable that agency to employ an addi-
tional 1,000 special agents to handle the
new duties.
A grei I amount of misinformation was
circulated about this increase of FBI
manpower and the added responsibilities
withi'espect to bombings. It was alleged
the FBI was going to swamp college
campuses around the country with Its
agents and take over the policing of
student activities. Nothing could have
been further from the truth.
Recently I came across an editorial In
the Panama City, Fla., News $erald
which speaks clearly to the charges that
the FBI was going to be used to c ul
freedom of speech on campuses. I
it is important to make this editorial
comment a matter of record for the Con-
gress and ask unanimous consent to in-
clude It in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
NorxiNa To Fran Estoss FBI
since its inception the Federal Bureau of
Investigation has been and continues to be
Just what the title implies, an investigative
arm - of taw enforcement. It is not a federal
police force. Neither is it Judge and jury for
alleged criminal actions.
Alarmists, however, are crying again that
the I'BI plans to "saturate" college campuses
with officers to curtail liberty and freedom of
speech.
The whispering campaign against the FBI
stems from President Nixon's provision for
appointment of 1,000 additional agents in
the fight against organized crime.
The Organized Crime Control Actof 1970
signed into law Oct. 1 specifically gives the
FBI the responsibility for investigating
bombings or bombing attempts on federal
property or any institution receiving federal
financial assistance.
The notion that such action presents a
threat to the country Is ridiculous.
1323
As FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover observed.
the FBI would be "more than pleased if it
were never necessary to investigatea single
bombing under the new act."
There's really nothing sinister ancd menac-
ing about investigation acts of bombing and
terrorism. They've almost doubled in num-
ber over.1969, and persons who worry about
"repressive" law enforcement mighi better
expand their energy in working to, prevent
these' crimes.
GIFTS OF DAVID LAWRENCE
Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President,
the February 11 edition of the Wash-
ington Post includes an article 4n
sir.
David Lawrence, by Hank Burchard, a
Washington Post staff writer.
The article describes Mr. Lawrence's
philanthropies, which have been-gener-
ous and of great benefit to the people of
northern Virginia.
Mr. Lawrence is one of the Nation's
most distinguished Journalists. His was
the first newspaper column to be syndi-
cated by wire.
He became president and e c for of
U.B. News In 1933 and since 1959 has
been chairman of the board and editor
of U.S. News & World Report.
More than 300 newspapers carry Mr.
Lawrence's daily column.
At the age of 82, Mr. Lawrence con-
tinues to write his column and maintain
his interest in world affairs. HIS long
career is one of singular achievement.
David Lawrence is a great newspaper-
man. a great American, and a wonderful
friend.
I ask unanimous consent that the text
of the Washington Post article "Gifts of
David Lawrence" be included it this
point in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was o"dered to be printed in the tIZCORD
as follows:
Grrrs or DAvm LAwRzmc$
(By Hank Burchard)
David Lawrence came into this world with
very little and wants to go out of it the
same way, not that he's in any hurty.
Lawrence, 82, dean of American syndi-
cated newspaper columnists (he inve>ated the
form In 1916), founder of his own news ser-
vice and a flourishing weekly newsmagazine,
friend and/or chastiser of Presidents from
Taft to Nixon, respected spokesman for what
might be called the Old Right, should be a
wealthy man.
Ise Isn't. He has given most of it away,
Lavl'rence sold the news service, called the
Bureau of National Affairs, to Its eniployees
in 1948 and did the same with his maga-
zine, U.B. News & World Report, In 1962, at
what associates called bargain prices.
The last of his major possessions, tbe?mag-
nificent Middlegate Farm near Centr5ville in
Fairfax County, be gave to the people of the
county in December, final title to pats when
he does.
The farm is 639.8 acres, two-tenths of an
acre less than one square mile. It we}s given
without strings, lock, stock and barrel, in-
cluding houses (3), furnishings, mementos
and all-.every thing except the news tele-
type printer In the wash house, which Is the
property of the Associated Press.
The rolling, wooded acres are ass4:;sed at
$5 million, but the land is actually priceless.
there being no other such piece of private
property In the county,
He gave it the way he always dogs these
things, the way he gave land for three Cen-
trevale churches, diffidently and at a dis-
tance. He gave the farm by sending' s note
Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
 .February 1i
standing policy, and the two stations them- some sources said, had cut off covert funding casts to Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Czecho-
s or retheir fused funding. s uss from virtually all other recipients. slovakia and Romania. Radio Liberty, opened
either their operation -They solved all the tough ones," one a year later, concentrates only on the So-
Citing returns filed with the Internal Rev- source said, "but they were under such __ viet Union. In 1956, Radio Free Europe was
enue Service in the 1969 fiscal year, Mr. Case preiasure from Johnson to get their report criticized for raising false hopes of help for
said that the, stations' combined operating
costs that year totaled $33,997,h36. Of this,
he said, Radio Free Europe spent $21,109,935
and Radio Liberty 1x12,887,401.
FUNDS SOUGHT BY ADVERTISEMENT
"The bulk of Radio Free Europe's and
Radio Liberty's budgets, or more than $30-
million annually, comes from direct C.I.A.
subsidies," Mr. Case charged. "Congress has
never participated' in authorization of funds
to R,F.E. Or R.L., although hundreds of mil-
lions of dollars in Government funds have
been spent during= the last 20 years."
Mr. Case pointed out that Radio Free Su-
rope conducted a 'yearly campaign for ' pub-
lic contribution's under the auspices-of the
Advertising Council. Between" $12-million
and $20-million in free media space is do-
nated annually to this campaign, he said,
but the return from the public is "apparently
less than $100,000."
Furthermore, he said, . both stations at-
'tempted to raise money from 'corporations
and foundations. but contributions _from
these sources reportedly pay only a small
part of the .stations' total 'budgets. `
Senator Case said that his proposed leg-
islation would seek to amend the United
States Information and Educational Ex-
change Act of 1948 to authorize funds for
both stations in the-fiscal year beginning
next July 1. His proposal would call for an
initial sum of $30-million,.but he said that
the sum would be subject to change.
BAR ON OTHER FUNDS At the same time, Mr. Case said, his pro-
posal would provide that "no other" United
States Government funds could' be made
available to either station except under the
provisions of' the act. He also said that he
would ask that Administration officials con-
cerned with overseas information policies be
Called to testify in order to determine the
amount needed for the station's operations.
"I can understald why covert funds might
have been used for, a' year or two in an emer-
gency situation when extreme secrecy was
neCe"~sary and when no other Government
funds were available," Mr. Case said.
But, he went on, the justification for
covert funding has lessened over the years
as international tension has eased, as the
secrecy surrounding the stations has "melted
away," and as more open means_of funding
could be developed;
"In other words," he said, "the extraordi-
nary circumstances that might have been
thought to justify circumvention of consti-
tutional processes- and Congressional ap-
'proval no longer exist."
JOHNSON CREATED XXX
Mr. Case pointed out that in 1967, after
there had been. public disclosure that the
C.I.A; had been secretly funding the National
Student Association, President Johnson Cre-
ated a committee that was headed by Nicho-
las de B latzenbach, the Under Secretary of
State, and that included Richard Helms,
head of the C,I A., and John W. Gardner, the
Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare.
He `further noted that on March 29, 1967,
Mr. Johnson publicly accepted the com-
mittee's recommendation that "no Federal
agency shall provide covert financial assist-
ance'or support, direct or indirect, to any
of the nation's educational or voluntary or-.
ganizations" and that "no programs cur-
rently would justify any exceptions to this
policy."
People familiar .with the, operations of
Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty noted
that both had been started at the peak of
the Cold War and had , just "gone rolling
on" ever since, The Katzenbach committee,
out and get the heat from Congress and
the public cut off that they didn't solve the
funding of the stations. They turned it over
to another committee."
The second committee, whose members
these sources declined to identify, worked
over a year and then turned in secret rec-
ommendations to Mr. Johnson. However, Mr.
Johnson pigeonholed the recommendations
and. finally left the problem for the incoming
Nixon Administration to solve, the sources
said.
{From the Baltimore Sun, Jan. 24, 19711
PUBLIC FINANCING OF OUTLETS ASKED; RA-
DIo FREE EUROPE Now IN CIA SPHERE,
CASE WARNS
(By Peter J. Kumpa)
WASHINGTON, January 23.-Senator Clif-
ford P. Case (R., N.J.) announced today that
.he will introduce legislation Monday to pro-
vide for open congressional financing of Ra-
dio Free Europe and Radio Liberty.
1'[r. Case explained that, if approved, the
legislation would remove the stations from
the need for secret funds from the Central
Intelligence Agency. He said that in the last
fiscal year, the CIA provided a direct subsidy
.of $30 million to the stations which broad-
cast to the Soviet Union and five Eastern Eu-
ropean Communist countries.
Although both Radio Free Europe and Ra-
dio Liberty claim to be non-governmental or-
ganizations sponsored by private (;ontribu-
tions,~ the senator said that `available
sources" indicate the CIA pays :.most all
their :costs.
PRODUCES TAX RETURNS
He produced figures from returns :`fled with
the Internal Revenue Service showing that
the combined operating costs for the stations
In fiscal 1969 was almost $34 million ($21,-
109,935 for Radio Free Europe and $12,887,-
401 for Radio Liberty).
Though a national advertising campaign
under the auspices of the Advertising Coun-
cil uses somewhere between $12 and $20 mil-
lion in free media space to solicit contribu-
tions for the stations, Mr. Case said, returns
from the public amount to less than $100,000.
The stations raise the rest of their budgets
from corporate and foundation contribu-
tions, he said.
"Congress has never participated in au-
thorization or appropriations of funds to Ra-
dio Free Europe or Radio Liberty, although
hundreds of millions of dollars in govern-
ment funds have been spent during the last
20 years," Senator Case said.
"I can understand why covert funds might
have been.used for a year or two in an emer-
gency situation when extreme sec:rrecy was
necessary and when no other government
funds were available" he went on.
' LESSENING OF TENSION
But now, the senator asserted, with the
lessening of international tension and with
the melting of secrecy, some means of open
financing of the stations should have been
provided.
"In 'other words, the extraordinary cir-
cumstances that might have been thought
to justify circumvention of constitutional
processes and congressional approval no long-
er exist," Senator Case said.
The senator was not critical of the work
of the stations, both of which have their
main Pfflces.and studios in Munich, Ger-
many.His'legislation, in fact, would author-
ize $30 million for continuation of their
work. He simply wants Congress to super-
vise the spending of taxpayers' money.
Radio Free Europe, started in 1950, broad-
Informed congressional sources have no
doubts about the close tie-up between the
the stations and the' government.
A full-time liaison officer from the con-
sulate in Munich is assigned to go over pro-
gram content to make it conform to U.S.
government policy, they point out. Because
classified as well as unclassified government
information Is provided, security personnel
check out the stations, the same sources
report.
Further, they say U.S. embassy officials
from Eastern Europe get briefings at Radio
Free Europe. The station, in turn, uses the
coded communications of the Munich con-
sulate to keep in touch with Washington, the
sources report.
Though their studios are in Germany, the
transmitters for the stations are in Spain,
Portugal and Taiwan, all countries with spe-
cial arrangements with the -United States,
the sources report.
THE 1967 PANEL'S FINDINGS
In 1967, after disclosures of CIA financing
of the National Student Association, a presi-
dential committee made up of John Gard-
ner, then Secretary of Health, Education and
Welfare, Richard Helms, CIA director, and
Nicholas de B. Katzenbach, then under secre-
tary of State, recommended that no federal
agency should provide covert funds for any
of the nation's "educational or voluntary
organizations."
President Johnson accepted the commit-
tee's recommendations. On March 29, 1967,
he ordered all federal agencies to implement
them.
Senator Case's bill, similar to one shortly
to be introduced in the House by Represen-
tative Ogden R. Reid (R., N.Y.), would pro-
vide funds for the stations out of the In-
formational and Educational Exchange Act.
It would forbid funding by any other govern-
ment channel.
[From the Christian Science Monitor, Jan.
25, 1971]
CIA AGAIN CHARGED WITH POLICY MEDDLING
(By Robert P. Hey) .
WASHINGTON.-Once again, charges of Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency influence on U.S.
foreign policy are reverberating through
Congress.
Sen. Clifford P. Case charges that Radio
Free Europe and Radio Liberty actually are
financed-clandestinely-by the CIA, to the
tune of more than $30 million annually.
The New Jersey Republican alleges "sev-
eral hundred million dollars in United States
Government funds" have been given these
stations over the past 20 years without con-
gressional approval-or even knowledge.
In New York, Bernard Yarow, senior vice-
president of Radio Free Europe, says his
organization's reaction to the charges is: "No
comment."
SUPPORT SUPPOSEDLY PRIVATE
Both stations beam information to Com-
munist-controlled nations in Eastern Europe.
They have stoutly maintained for years that
they were financed through private contri-
bu?tfcns.
Senator Case, the New Jersey Republican,
thinks it is high time all this was brought
out into the open. He has introduced legis-
lation to have the finances of both stations
provided, openly, through the same author-
ization-and-appropriation process through
which Congress controls the budgets of most
governmental agencies.
These changes strengthen one present
trend-the increasing insistence of Con-
Approved For Releas 2005/08/22 CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
 26 Approved For e MA3ZVtYA72 fflU72ffli R00050028 0eW ry
grew--particularly the Senate---on exerting
influence upon the direction of United
United States foreign policy.
But all this also seems like a page out
of the recent past. In 1967 it was disclosed
that the CIA was funding what had been
presumed to be an organization of students
without government links, the National Stu-
dent Association. The uproar at that time
was thunderous over clandestine government
penetration of student: organizations, with
all the implications of potential Infringe-
ment on academic freedom.
EARLIER REPORT QVOTEn
Senator Case now quotes, with considerable
irony, a recommendation made by a presi-
dential committee which Investigated that
CIA funding.
it recommended that "no federal agency
shall provide covert financial assistance or
support, direct or indirect, to any of the
nation's educational or voluntary organiza-
tions," and that "no programs currently
would justify any exception to this policy."
Sources close to Senator Case say he is not
trying to close down Radio Free Europe, but
merely to bring into the open the govern-
ment's relationship to it.
The view here is that the CIA for 20 years
has remained the financier of Radio Free
Europe, in the Case charge, due to bureau-
cratic inertia. "It's the whole question of
how does the government change," in the
words of ape source. No one here suggests
there is any Machiavellian plot behind the
CIA financing, at least, not at present.
The Case bill is expected to be referred to
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
chaired by Sen. J. Fulbright (D) of Arkansas,
where it is assured a sympathetic hearing.
Senator Case is a member of that committee.
[From the St. Louis ost-Dispatch.
San 24.19711
PROPOSES CIA Cur Orr RADIO STATION FONDS
(By Richard Dudman)
WASNXNGTON, January 23.--Senator Clif-
ford P. Case (Rep.). New Jersey. proposed
Saturday that the United States drop the
pretense that Radio Free Europe and Radio
Liberty are private enterprises and begin fi-
nancing them openly.
Although the two propaganda stations
have been widely known to be opertalons of
the Central Intelligence Agency, Case be-
came possibly the first public official to blurt
out the truth publicly.
Radio Free Europe, beamed to Eastern
Europe, and Radio Liberty, beamed to the
Soviet Union, operate in Munich, West Ger-
many, ostensibly on private contributions.
But Cue said these contributions ap-
parently come to less than $100,000 a year.
with modest additional amounts from
foundations and corporations. whereas the
stations' operating expenses for fi3cal 1969
were almost $34,000,000.
He showed copies of returns they filed
with the Internal Revenue Service report-
ing that opertaing costs were $21,109,935 for
Radio Free Europe and $12,887,401 for Radio
Liberty.
tREE ADVERTISING
Case said he had been advised that be-
tween $12,000,000 and $20,0f 0,000 In free
media space was donated annually to the
fund raising campaign under auspices of the
Advertising Council.
"In the last 20 years several hundred rail-
lion dollars in United States Government
funds have been expended from secret CIA
budgets to pay almost totally for the costs
of these two radio stations broadcasting to
Eastern Europe," Case said. "In the last
fiscal year alone, over $30,000,000 was pro-
vided by CIA as a direct government sub-
sidy: yet at no time was Congress asked or
permitted to carry out its traditional con-
stitutional role of approving the expendi-
ture."
The Senator said he would introduce a bill
Monday amending the United States Infor-
Fnation and Educational Exchange Act of
!948 to authorize funds for the two stations
in fiscal 1972. The bill also would provide
'hat no other U.B. Government funds may
go to either radio station except under provi-
-1ons of the act.
POST ENDORSEE, HUMPHREY-
REUSS REVENUE-SHARING BILL
Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President. Mon-
day's Washington Post contained a lead
editorial which addressed itself to the
various revenue-sharing proposals now
before the Congress.
I am gratified the editorial singled out
the bill that Congressman HENRY REVSs
and I introduced for laudatory mention.
Senator HUMPHR?Y and "Congressman
Russ have put in a bill which would
phase the funds progressively over a
longer period of time, meanwhile encour-
aging the adoption or reform of income
taxes by the States and a whole array
of measures designed to bring State and
local financial and governmental prac-
iices at least into the century which will
shortly end."
Mr. President, that is indeed the thrust
of the Humphrey-Reuss bill-to provide
Increasing Federal grants to States and
local governments to ease their fiscal
crunch and as an inducement to reform
and streamline their governmental struc-
tures and processes.
Local government must be more re-
sponsive to the needs of their people. The
Humphrey-Reuss bill will authorize the
funds to help provide these services and
to help State and local governments
render themselves able to allocate these
funds more efficiently and economically.
Such reform will make both present reve-
nues and expected Federal revenue shar-
ing go just that much further.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the Post editorial for February
81 1971, be printed in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
MR. NIXON'S Mse8A5E ON REVENUE SHARING
There were not many surprises in the
message on revenue sharing the President
sent to Congress on Thursday. Mr. Nixon
addressed himself primarily to the "general"
(or real) revenue sharing of $5 billion with
the grates in the program's first year of
operation, as distinct from the so-called
'-special revenue Sharing" (more properly.
consolidated grants) that has yet to be
spelled out and which is meant to provide
the states with 811 billion for broadly de-
fined purposes.
The general revenue sharing measure Mr.
Nixon outlined would automatically dispense
an amount equal to 1.3 per cent of the na-
tion', taxable personal income to state and
local governments for .sae as they aee fit. It
is to include financial Incentives for the
states to maintain their own tax efforts and
to work out their own sharing arrangements
with local governments-"pass through"
formulas, as they are known, that are par-
ticularly suited to the state's individual
requirements and acceptable to a majority of
its governing bodies (such as cities, town-
ships, counties) representing a majority of
Its population. There is also to be provision
for a federal audit which-given the ban on
racially discriminatory use of the funds-
could prove quite Interesting In those cases
where the funds might go Into the general
1971
treasury of a state or local government: It
is not Inconceivable that with 9sch a mix-
ture of moneys, the federal govertment would
acquire more leverage than it pow has in
eliminating discrimination frortl. state-sup-
ported programs.
This, to be sure, remains in the realm of
speculation as does so much a related to
the meaning and ultimate a ct of Mr.
Nixon's proposal. However, "iffy'uestions in
this matter are especially Inesting-in-
deed, it could be argued that v+ satever the
fate of this particular measure, Mr. Nixon
has done the nation a consideltsble service
by Initiating what could be a hi sly produc-
tive debate on problems that should have
been faced long ago. We are apt referring
here to the rhetoric of "revoh#l ion" or to
Mr. Nixon's own antic borrowing ("Power
to the People") or to the elided logic that
underlies talk of "giving back" Ito the states
functions and responsibilities the' federal gov-
ernment acquired only becausd the states
refused to assume them In the first place.
Rather, we have in mind the valuable and
overdue focusing of attention onthe urgency
of devising an equitable and tffective re-
distribution of the nation's tad revenue.
The argument over the precise amount of
money--$5 billion-to be shared: in the first
full year of the general program. is a case in
point. That sum has been faulted both as
too little and too much. But th. dispute is
not one of those conventional split-the-
difference affairs in which the object is
merely to reach agreement on the size of an
outlay the federal government'; can afford.
Each argument tends to rest, instead, on a
particular theory of the merit and purpose
of revenue sharing. $5 billion is far too small
a sum if you take at face valulc the Nixon
administration's stated aims. to fact the
White House. ritually and repeat , dly blaming
the nation's social unrest on the dap between
promise (or overpromise) and performance,
has nonetheless started down a timllar road
itself in making large. power-t-the-people
claims for the dispensation of an amount
which is actually less than that by which
state and local budgei.s increase knnually. At
most these funds can be expected to miti-
gate a rise In local taxes, not o take the
place of such a rise. And the, prospective
administration measure carries an insuffi-
ciency of funds, Incentives, and sanctions
to ensure that the shared revenue will not
merely be of help in perpetuating a variety
of relationships between citizen `and govern-
ment and among divisions of government
that sorely require change on grounds that
range from moral to managerial.
It Is for this last reason that others-
chiefly legislators-and political theorists who
are not known for their scrimpiiiess with the
public puree-are claiming that the $5 bil-
lion first year sum Is too large. It is too large,
they contend, to be dispensed to such un-
certain effect when the means cre at hand
for a pass at revenue sharing that would at
once reach the people and the state and local
governments In severest need. this alterna-
tive would be for the federal g&.,ernment to
assume all or almost all the costs of our
national welfare programs-meaning that
share which state and local governments are
now Obliged to pay. Meantime- tie argument
runs-white the state and local governments
and their taxpayers would gain ;relief in the
release of state and local welfare expendi-
tures for other purposes, a more modest sum
could be allocated to a phased general reve-
nue sharing plan that would be. In Con-
gressman Henry Reuss's terms. ?a "catalyst"
not a "crutch."
This school of thought, to vhich we are
ourselves inclined at this point, holds that
the automatic allocation of f f deraliy col-
lected revenue to the states represents a step
that will not easily be reversed 4ad one with
critically Important long-term implications
and effects. From which it follows that it
should not be taken loosely or `lightly or in
Approved For Release 2005/08/22 : CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
 E 6758
Appr9ve,% L~~1NA~ REG t CAA x i;79,0 7RQ gQ280004 ne O, 1971
ington to end its covert financing by the
C.I.A. and to finance and operate it on a new
open basis. The situation s matters taken
into hand quickly, for as stand,
Rinds will run out for RFE-and for Radio
Liberty, which broadcasts to the Soviet Un-
ion-quite soon. The two stations are much
too valuable to be lost in a summer haze.
E t European'"governmen'ts resentful of
BYERNE SPTtAGIN'S HONORED AS
PUBLIC CITIZEN
HON. ROBERT E. JONES
O8 ALABAMA
K N THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, June 29, 1971,
RFE`s broad appeal to their populations have Mr. JONES of Alabama. Mr. Speaker,
Iong stewed and fulminated about it-along a recent editorial in the Huntsville, Ala.,
with' pulling such dirty tricks as putting
poison in the salt shakers of its Munich Times honored Mr. Bierne Spragins, one
headquarters. They could do little more, un- of Alabama's most outstanding residents.
til Willy Brandt opened his policy of re- I have known Mr. Spragins for more than
conciliation with the East. Then, sensing an 25 years, and I have never known a more
opportunity for leverage, they said that his dedicated public citizen.
Ostpolitik and RFE are incompatible. In fact.
they are not, but Germany was embarrassed. The editorial remarks in the Huntsville
Once Mr. Nixon made clear his position that Times cite the high points of his illus-
Americans troops and American radios in tr[ous career of service to his community
Germany are part of a package, hower. and its constant improvement. Beyond
Bonn diplomatically told the protesting East this record he is congenial and friendly.
Europeans to cool down. He Is most gallant and chivalrous in all
Some East European governments bored in his deportments. I am gratefl;l that he
harder when Senator Clifford Case stated has allowed me to be his friend through
d known
h
a
publicly what almost everybody
r years--that the C.I.A. finances RFE (and
fo
Radio Liberty). Poland, for instance, called
upon the United States last month to put
RFE off the air.
Senator Case's point was to get RFE out
in the open and so he offered a bill to finance
It by direct appropriations, through the State
Department. The administration, correctly
contending that much of RFE's audience ap-
peal lies in its appearance of independence
from 'the American government, countered
with a, bill to set up a publicly funded "pri-
vate" corporation to run both RFE and RL.
(West Germany, for its own reasons, favors
the latter approach.) In the meanwhile,
there arose on Capitol Hill legitimate ques-
tions about the cost of the stations, their re-
searcli functions, their relationship to other
American propaganda and cultural programs,
and their coordination with political efforts
for detente. The administration did not al-
low enough time for Congress to cope ade-
quately with these questions and, as a result,
the stations are now hanging by the thread
of a continuing resolution which provides
funds only until August. _
We do not have dogmatic views on the kind
of organizational home the stations ought to
have or on the size of their budgets or the
scope of their non-brdadoasting activities.
We would like to make the emphatic point,
however, 'that RFE' aril III, do an extremely
important job and, in our judgment, do it
well.
RFE still carries an image of Irresponsibil-
Ity dating from its indeed-irresponsible words
of encouragement to Hungarian rebels in
1956. Together, AVE and RL have the reputa-
tion of being the voices of bitter emigres and
primitive anti-Communists. The two stations,
.however, have considerably changed and they
can no longer be fairly accused of the sins
of their past. What they do now is to com-
municate directly with. the people of East
Europe who want tp listen to them in order
to learn what they cannot learn from their
6$4n captive press And radio. The stations do
not incite to revolution or preach anti-Com-
teners to deny tiger their choice of radio fare.
Detente, if it means 'anything, means
widening the West's contacts with the East.
not helping the East to seal off its people
from the Lest. It means the exchange of peo-
ple, goods, words and ideas. This is the essen-
tial business of RFE and RL. The Congress,
in Its 1ghtminded determination to shake
the station free of the CIA, should not lose
sight of the reason for letting them con-
the years. \
At this point I wish to include the
comments of the editorial as a part of my
remarks :
BIERNE SPRAGINS WAS TH]:RE
Things have changed these past 50 years
for Huntsville and its Rotary Club; but then
some things are pretty much the. same. For
instance, when Rotary met this week, just as
irL 1920, Bierne Sprag'ins was there.
The local club, for no special reason but
for lots of good ones, therefore, raid tribute
to its longtime member and former president
(:1932-33) for a life-time of effort in behalf
of this community's development. We lend
our applause.
Mr. Spragins is known generally as a
banker. And that he is, having begun at the
First National in 1919, soon after returning
from World War I service in France. After
an interlude operating the family's Ice-and-
coal company, he returned to First National
Bank in 1933 as executive vice president and
in 1935 succeeded his father, the late R. E.
Spragins, who had served in that capacity
ed.n.ce 1909.
BOOKBURNERS AND'CULTURAL
CENSORS AT WORK
HON. JOHN R. RARICK
OF LOUISIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, June 29, 1971
Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, in nearby
Montgomery County of Maryland the
bookburners are back censoring and sup-
pressing free speech in education.
The latest cultural work to be purged
is "Little Black Sambo," printed in 1899
and enjoyed for generations by our
youth with no qualms of conscience or
psychological backlash.
The retort of the censor that the de-
cision was not to be construed as book-
burning clearly shows a guilt feeling and
psychotic defensive reaction.
If all books in the library that might
be offensive to someone were destroyed,
there would be few books remaining in
the library. Yet no reason was given to
purge the book which degraded police
officers as "pigs" nor was any book ridi-
culing whites suggested for suppression.
It appears that Montgomery County
has a biased and prejudiced director of
educational media and technology on its
hands.
In the meantime, another federally
funded organization, the Smithsonian
Institution, has scoured the country to
locate backwoods people, representative
of American folklore to come to Wash-
ington at taxpayers' expense and give a
demonstration of living culture in Amer-
ica.
Included in the conglomeration is said
to be a black Ohio Colonial blues band
comparable to a New Orleans blues band.
Certainly by our Maryland standards of
censorship, this could be regarded as
"ridicule of black people"-specially if
someone white told them so.
The material follows:
[From the Sunday Star, June 27, 1971]
SAMBO "DISMISSED" BY COUNTY SCHOOLS
(By Thomas Love)
"Little Black Sambo," the story of a boy
with new clothes who outsmarts several
tigers who want to eat him, has been ordered
removed from Montgomery County schools.
Following a complaint by a mother of two
elementary school children, a system official
has ordered all copies of the book removed
from school libraries, along with film strips
and records telling the story.
"This decision is not to be construed as
'book burning,' but rather as book selection,"
Nancy C. Walker, director of the department
of educational media and technology, said
in a memo to all principals and librarians.
In May, Barbara Smith, of 11212 Skuykill
Road, Rockville, whose two children attend
Rockinghorse Elementary School, complained
to the school administration that the book
is a "ridicule of black people."
The black mother asked that the books be
withdrawn from school libraries. After a
month-long investigation, a committee of
principals, librarians, teachers and a central
office staff member recommended that her
requests be granted.
"'Little Black Sambo' is derogatory. It's
not good literature for children."
She said the book implies that "black peo-
ple are preoccupied with 'fine' clothes, in-
But Mr. Spragins has served th:.s comnrun-
iry, to which his family came in 1320, in more
ways than financial. For he has harbored a
steadfast enthusiasm for its economic and
cultural development. He was, for example,
among the 18 men who organized the Hunts-
ville Industrial Expansion Committee in
1944, and he served as its second president.
He also served as president of the Chamber
of Commerce in 1946.
In the words of one of his frle:idls, "Bierne
probably has had a hand in recruiting every
new industry that has come to Euntsville in
the past 25 years-except maybe the other
banks."
Over the years, Mr. Spragins Las garnered
his share of accolades for his serslces. He re-
calved the C of C Distinguished Citizens
Award in 1964, and in recognition of 21 years
of service as chairman of two Army advisory
committees, Huntsville's and the Third
Arnly's, he received the Department of the
Army's highest civilian award, the Outstand-
ing Civilian Service Medal.
The recognition of his felfow Rotarians
added sheen to the illustrious record.
Well, things may have been pretty much
the same at Rotary, 1920 and 1971. Bierne
Spragins was there.
But things surely are not the same in
Iuntsville, and in no small measure because
Bierne Spragins was here.
2005/08/22 CIA-RDP72-00337R000500280004-0
 June 30, 1971 Apprqv tff I1"ReAJ0 CI ,5DP7Qn00~~37 0005k00280004-0
Ing Sea in about 1,000 years, at which time it
would be harmless. The -very unlikely" aI-
ternative would be for the radioactive water
to reach the Bering Sea in two or three years
at about 1,200 times safe levels and continue
to be discharged for 130 years, he says.
"In this unlikely event, the mixing with
ocean waters in longshore currents would in-
troduce an effective dilution factor," Mr.
Gard says confidently.
But Jerold Lowenstein, a radiation expert
at the University of California Medical Cen-
ter in San Francisco, scoffs at the "magic
of dilution" and says low levels of radio-
activity can accumulate and be recuncen-
trated In the food cycle. Sen. Gravel adds, "In
these days when the nation is deeply con-
cerned about mercury poisoning and the
market for seafood products has fallen off
sharply, even the suspicion that radioactive
water Is leaking to the surface could devas-
tate the market for all fishery species of the
North Pacific."
Conservationists are especially enraged be-
cause the Aleutian Islands, Including Am-
chitka, are a natipnal wildlife refuge. But
when be established the refuge in 1913,
President Taft provided that Amchitka could
be used for military purposes. Says the Au-
dubon Society's Mr. Bell, "I think it is per-
fectly clear that coaling stations and the like
were the kind of military purposes that Presi-
dent Taft considered commensurate with
wildlife refuge status. It is obvious that he
could not have conceivably Imagined that
this might -include testing five-megaton nu-
clear weapons."
"NO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT"
Carutikin, the AEC claims, will cause "no
significant environmental Impact" on Am-
chitka. The island Is home to the endangered
sea otter, which the AEC has been helping
transplant to other habitate in an effort to
expand Its ranks. Perhaps as many as 20 sea
otters "could suffer measurable physiologi-
cal effects" from the test, the AEC says, but
the overall impact will be "negligible." The
ABC adds that "a few fish of conunercially
Important species may be killed by the
shock."
As far as the Aleuts are concerned, the
Aleutians should belong to them under a
complex Alaskan native land claims settle-
ment now pending before Congress, Iliodor
Philemonof, president of the Aleut League,
Which Is- threatening a lawsuit, says' the
Aleuts "were and are entitled to the protec-
tion of provisions of the Constitution. Prop-
erty should not be taken without due proc-
ess." The proposed explosion, he alleges, is
another example of the white man subjecting
Aleuts to "mistreatment and misfortune."
But the overriding Issue In the controversy
may be whether the test is actually neces-
sary. Officially, the ABC hasn't disclosed the
precise purpose of the $160 million project
except that "the test Is considered of vital
Importance to national security." in testi-
mony to a Senate committee in April, an AEC
official admitted Cannikin will be to test the
warhead for the Spartan antiballistic missile.
If that's the case, some scientists allege,
then Cannikin Is pointless. Jeremy J. Stone,
director of the 2,000-member Federation of
American Scientists, claims Cannikin was
conceived by the AEC in 1966 under Presi-
dent Johnson to test the Spartan missile, an
anti-Chinese missile defense system. How-
ever, Mr. Stone contends, the Nixon acimut-
Istration In early 1989 revised the ABM pro-
gram to have the defense of Minuteman
ICBM's against a Soviet threat as its primary
purpose, with the defense of cities from a
China attack as a supplemental program.
"There now is ample reason to believe that a
majority of the U.B. Senate will not support
an anti-Chinese ABM," he says, adding that
the Spartan missile isn't necessary in the
ICBM defense system.
"Basically," Mr. Stone argues, "Cannikin is
a bureaucratic oversight-Tin. experiment that
ha. been waiting to be canceled."
The final green light for Cannikin must be
flashed by President Nixon. The Anchorage
Daily Times, quotes "reliable sources" in
Washington Be saying the administration may
cancel Oannikin hpasuse of its "potential
political risk" In the wake of the recent
agreement with the Soviet Union at the
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks to negotiate
limits on defensive ABM systems. (One AEC
c:iiiclal grumbles that the Russians earlier
this year set off a six-megaton test on an
Arctic Island and "you didn't hear too much
about that.")
Like its smaller Amchitka predecessor in
1969, Cannikin is generating much inter-
national ill will, espe Ialiy in Canada and
Japan, two fishing nations. Patrick Moore, a
Canadian conservationist, points out that
Japan. Canada and even the Soviet Union
(which is 800 miles from Amchitka) are
cl