BEAM: VICTORY FOR WHOM?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP71B00364R000500280006-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 16, 2000
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: March 19, 1969
• Content Type: OPEN

March .61?P19nd Forc%FdtttgglAn6rtatriWP-z-lARPAR4R909figtVANN-7
.?
50th anniversary of the American Legion.
This is an organization whose codes of
service can stand as a pattern for public
spirited community action across the
Nation.
The American Legion, with the rest of
the Nation, faces great challenges in the
next 50 years. But great difficulties can
mean great victories. I look forward,
therefore, to the future of the American
Legion?for the next 50 years to follow
and broaden the patterns of the last 50.
THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE
AMERICAN LEGION
SPEECH OF
HON. SEYMOUR HALPERN
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, March 11, 1969
Mr. UALFERN. Mr. Speaker, on its
50th anniversary, I wish to congratulate
the American Legion and to commend its
national commander, William C. Doyle,
of Vineland, N.J.
For half a century the Legion has been
promoting the kind of 100-percent
Americanism which Commander Doyle
has described as "a calm, reasoned ap-
proach to and concern with the major
problems that confront our beloved
America, and an earnest effort to seek
sane and sound solutions within the
framework of law." .
The American Legion's Americanism
is love of country and respect for its
institutions. It requires respect for the
rights of our fellow man. It means a con-
cern for the freedom of men, accom-
panied by a recognition that every right
carries with it an accompanying respon-
sibility.
The American Legion has stood these
50 years as a diligent sentinel alert to
protect this Nation's welfare and future.
The Legion has labored at the big as well
as at the small tasks necessary to this
mission, a mission willingly undertaken
by former servicemen anxious to per-
form further service to their country as
civilians.
But the American Legion is not rest-
ing on its laurels. Its work has only
begun. Tremendous problems remain to
be solved?and the greatest of these is
the attainment of world peace.
Who are better fitted to work for this
ideal than those who have given most to
win it in the past?
The American Legion's primary objec-
tive is peace, but beyond that are the
objectives of community improvement,
indiviudal betterment, and the promo-
tion of every vital American principle
and ideal.
The Legion fights on for these in war
and peace, in good times or bad. In a day
when the minds of men have been sub-
jected to worldwide tragedy and doubt,
when suffering is on every side, the
American Legion stands solidly for our
country and democracy.
It is my sincere wish that all Legion-
naires everywhere know that the Ameri-
can people are proud of them and hope
for their continued success.
REVISING THE SOCIAL "INSE-
CURITY" SYSTEM
HON. JOSHUA EILBERG
OF PENNSyLVANIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1969
Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, on .,./.aa-_-__.
nary 3, 1969, I introduced H.R. ,201-ewhich
would permit social security, beneficiaries
to earn up to $3,000 a year without re-
duction of benefits. . a,
,,.
As we all know the present law limits
such earnings to 1,680, which is indeed
inadequate. A r ent survey of my own
city, Philadelp ia, has indicated that a
family of fou , to maintain "a moderate
standard of lying," must have income
of more th $9,000 annually.
It is easy to understand why one of
my constituents have tagged the program
the Social "Insecurity" System.
As inflationary pressures mount
against fixe incomes, this Congress must
act to relievk the plight of many of our
senior citizen
These proud and often lonely, Amer-
icans have woes enough keeping afloat in
the swirling seas if change and disloca-
tion.
The Committee o Federal Legislation
of the New York Sta Bar Association
has prepared a report n my bill and
similar bills introduced two of my
colleagues. I enter that r ort for the
RECORD:
NEW YORK STATE BAR ASSOCIATIO COMMIT-
TEE ON FEDERAL LEGISLATIO
REPORT ON BILLS TO INCREASE PERMISS E OUT-
SIDE EARNINGS OF SOCIAL SECURITY BENE-
FICIARIES
Several bills have been introduced i the
91st Congress to amend Title II of the So-
cial Security Act to increase from $1,00
to $3,000 the amount of outside earnings
permitted without loss or deduction frolp
benefits. H.R. 80 introduced by Mr. Ander:-
son of Illinois makes this change as to bot
covered beneficiaries and their dependents
H.R. 201 introduced by Mr. Eilberg of Penn
Sylvania for the breadwinner only. H.R. 1372/
Introduced by Mr. Thomson of Wisconsini
would remove the limitation entirely. i
1
In June 1966 the Committee on Labor an
Social Security Legislation of the Associa,
tion of the Bar of the City of New York
unanimously recommended elimination 4,
the limitation. Its report stated in part: i
"BILLS To PERMIT SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFICIA g-
IES TO EARN INCOME TO THE EXTENT OF TH IR
ABILITY WITHOUT DEDUCTIONS FROM SOel
AL
;_
SECURITY BENEFITS ,... I
"Several bills are before the Congres6 to
permit receipt of full? Social Security bene-
fits by otherwise qualified employees over
65 who are able to continue to make a con-
tribution to their own welfare and to society
by part-time or full-time work. This Com-
mittee endorses the purposes of the bills.
"Under present law, persons over 65 receiv-
ing Social Security benefits cannot earn more
than $1,680 per year without having their
benefits reduced. Penalties are provided for
failure to report earnings.
"These income limitations were initially
enacted in 1935 during the period of the
Great Depression, when the notion was wide-
spread that as many persons as possible
should be removed from the labor force in
order to spread the available work. In Our
opinion the limitations serve no useful pur-
pose today and should be removed.
E218
?
"We have found other ways of promoting
high employment than discouraging people
anxious and willing to work. Social Se-
curity benefits are frequently insufficient by
themselves to maintain our older citizens in
the dignity which should be their lot. These
citizens in our opinion should be encouraged
in their efforts to supplement their income
by constructive work which also redounds
to the benefit of society. This seems par-
.4.1441_arly true today when many employers
are r7Vorting a shortage of qualified person-
nel for many Jobs. Older citizens who pos-
sess skills accumulated during many years
of experience may be especially qualified for
many of these very positions. Indeed it is
now recognized that an important segment of
retired persons as the average life span
lengthens, will want and need to continue
to work beyond 65 in order to feel a sense
of constructive usefulness in their lives.
"The earned income limitation is also
contrary to the basic philosophy of the
Social Security Act, which has always been
that benefits were available as a matter of
right on the basis of the contribution paid
in through Social Security taxes, without
resort to a "Means test" of any kind.
"In addition we note that under present
law a person over 65 can receive an unlim-
ited amount of income from investments,
whereas he is penalized if he works to earn
additional income. Similarly, those over 72
can now earn more than, the limit without
losing benefits. In our opinion such distinc-
tions have no basis and should be abolished.
"We, therefore, endorse the bills calling
for repeal of the income limitation."
We concur with this reasoning. We also
note that at least in New York City, welfare
authorities have concluded that a family of
4 needs $6,000 for bare necessities.
He believe that an increase in the ceiling.
to $3,000 would be desirable and we endorse
this proposal even though we also favor
complete removal of the limitation for the
reasons given.
Committee on Federal Legislation: Rich-
ard A. Givens, Chairman; Anthony P.
Marshall, Secretary; Leslie H. Arps,
New York City; Harold Baer, Jr., New
York City; Mark K. Benenson, New
York City; Edward S. Blackstone, New
York City; Vincent L. Broderick, New
York City; Mason 0. Damon, Buffalo;
David M. Doreen, New York City; John
T. Eifyin, Buffalo; Robert B. Fiske, Jr.,
New "York City; Lawrence W. Keep-
news, New York City; Norman Kellar,
Kingston; Herbert C. Miller, New York
City; George W. Myers, Jr., Buffalo;
Bernard Nussbaum, New York City;
Robert Patterson, Jr., New York City;
Arthur C. Stever, Jr., Watertown.
THE LATE HONORABLE FRANK W.
BOYKIN
SPEECH OF
HON. JOHN J. ROONEY
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, March, 13, 1969
Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr.
Speaker, for 27 years the Honorable
Frank W. Boykin represented the peo-
ple of Alabama here in the House of
Representatives and for many of those
years I was privileged to know him and
serve with him. He was a warm, human,
and very real person and always a gentle-
man. To his wife and family I extend my
deepest sympathy in their sad hours.
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?
T1411 LUMBER PRICE CRISIS: A
REALISTIC APPRAISAL
HON. WENDELL WYATT
OP ORECON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1969
Mr. WYATT. Mr. Speaker, we are all
aware of the difficulties in achieving our
housing goals in America. Much blame
has been directed at the lumber industry.
Mr. R. B. Parnplin, chairman of the
board of Georgia Pacific Corp., is a
widely recognized and highly progressive
leader in the woad products industry.
Recently he issued a statement pointing
up some of the realities of the situation,
and suggested constructive solutions.
This statement should be of extraor-
dinary interest to my colleagues hi the
Congress, who, like myself, are plagued
with this problem. I present Mr. Pamp-
lin's statement herewith:
MOST PLYWOOD STILL BELOW PRICES or 20
YEARS A00--REALISPIC FEDERAL TIMBER POL-
ICY HELD ANSWER TO Lumsre-Pnywoon
SHORTAGE
Recent price increases shared by plywood,
lumber and federal timber through competi-
tive bidding in. the marketplace "have been
blown _out of perspective by panic reaction,"
a major forest industry spokesman declared
today.
"The largest part of the industry's plywood
production still is selling at mill prices
slightly below the level of 20 years ago," it
was pointed out by R. B. Pamplin, chairman
and president of Georgia-Pacific Corp., "but
the recent recovery from near-record lows,
caused by the 1966-67 housing recession, has
been too rapid for builders' construction pro-
gramming."
In a supplemental statement to the com-
pany's just-published annual report, he said
"much of the current imbalance between the
supply and demand, despite full plywood and
lumber production to the limit of raw mate-
rial supply, has been caused by temporary
conditions.
"But a worse and more permanent short-
age faces us in the future if remedial action
is not taken now.
"An increase in the allowable harvest of
over-ripe federal timber is urgently needed,
but it must be done within long-term sus-
tained yield timber growing programs to as-
sure a continuous supply of raw material,"
Pamplin declared.
He said U.S. forest service studies indicate
demand for timber will double during the
next 30 years.
Two temporary factors are blamed for
much of the current timber shortage and the
resulting shortage of plywood and lumber.
They are the worst winter logging weather in
over half a century, coupled with log exports
from federal lands. The latter problem is
being eased by Congressional action curtail-
ing exports, it was explained.
"However," Panaplin added, "with the long-
range demand for forest products expected to
increase sharply, a permanent supply-and-
demand squeeze will develop soon if federal
timberlands are not brought up to their full
growth and harvest potential,
"We also must not lock up too much
timber growing land in single-use, wilderness
type withdrawals."
Federal lands are the industry's basic raw
material supply since they comprise some 65
per cent of all commercial timberlands in the
nation, it was pointed out. Industry owns
only 15 per cent of the total. The remainder is
in farm woodlots, watersheds and other scat-
tered holdings.
"As the basic supplier, the federal gov-
ernment must assume basic responsibility.
This means Congress should re-invest more
federal timber sale revenues to grow more
and better trees, and to provide access roads
Into over-ripe timber stands. This is a neces-
sary part of our nationts multi-purpose wood
fiber, watershed and recreational improve-
ment program."
Plywood sheathing, the industry's basic
product accounting for approxipaately 62 per
cent of total 1968 softwood plywood produc-
tion, also is the basic construction material
for walls, floors and roofs. Sheathing's current
mill price index is $6 a thousand square feet
below 20 years ago, according to market re-
porting services.
Sanded plywood for cabinetwork and some
other interior uses, plus lumber for framing
and boards, are approaching 50 per cent above
the 20-years-ago mill price index. Many man-
ufacturing costs including wage rates, are up
more than 100 per cent.
"We feel sanded plywood and lumber have
risen too high too fast for the good of our
industry or the construction industry, even
though these products remain a bargain com-
pared with vastly greater increases in almost
every other construction area," Pamplin said.
Georgia-Pacific in early December insti-
gated a plywood price freeze, rescinded early
this year after the abrupt price climb slowed.
"The next 20 years will see muela more pres-
sure on raw material supplies ,to meet the
nation's needs. Unless all federal timber-
lands not Vitally needed for other purposes
are geared to growing more and better trees
faster, as modern timber management can do,
we face much more serious supply-demand-
price problems," Pamplin declared.
"The private industry tree farms already
are helping boost production of needed build-
ing products."
Georgia-Pacific's annual report to stock-
holders underlines the need for increased
building product production by totaling, for
the first time, a list of 17 new 0-P building
materials manufacturing facilities on which
construction. l'As either started or is about
to start under the company's current $220
million capital expansion program.
The new facilities will add 1.21 billion feet
of building products to the company's ca-
pacity, plus chemicals for plywood, particle-
board and hardboard adhesives.
Some of these facilities will be in produc-
tion this year and most of the remainder by
the hflir: t half of 1970.
T
current expansion includes three new
plywood plants and major expansion ci
three additional plants to add 500 million
square feet of capacity, five new particle-
board plants to add 400 million square feet,
five new sawmills with 125 million board
feet of lumber capacity, and anew gypsum
plant with 185 million square feet.
The particleboard and gypsum wallboard
share some uses with plywood.
The new chemical facilities will produce
methanol, phenol, formaldehyde and resins.
Also involved are new pulp, paper, corru-
gated container, milk carton and safety paper
operations to meet market demand and pro-
vide better timber utilization.
The Georgia-Pacific annual report shows
1968 net sales of $1,023,930,000 up 15.6 per
cent from the previous year, net income of
$76,620,000 up 30.9 per cent, cash flow of
$138,740,000 up 19.1 per cent and assets of
$1,268,890,000 up 10.8 per cent.
BEAM: VICTORY FOR WKOM?
HON. JOHN R. RARICK
OP LOUISIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1,969
Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, Jacob
Dyneley Beam has now been unanimous-
March 19, 1969
ly Confirmed as U.S. Ambassador to the
Soviet Union.
Otto Otepka is now a member of the
Subversive Activities control Board.
Assuredly this is a victory?but for
whom?
Mr. Speaker, I ask clippings from the
Government Employees Exchange for
March 19, 1969, and the Manchester
Union Leader of March 15, 1969 follow:
[From the Government Employees Ex-
change, Washington (D.C.) Mar. 19, 1969]
BEAM, CLEAN; OTEPICA UP--CNANIMOUS BEAM
"OK" Is Bic ROGERS VICTORY
Secretary of State William P. Rogers scored
a "major victory" on March 13 over the
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee in
the "unanimous voice vote for the confirma-
tion" of Jacob Dyneley Beam as U.S. Am-
bassador to Moscow, a top official at the
State Department stated to this newspaper
on March 14.
The victory on the Senate floor followed
a "unanimous record vote" the preceding
day, March 12, in the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions committee, the source stated.
The "magnitude" of the victory of Sec-
retary Rogers over the Senate Internal Se-
curity Subcommittee, which had printed and
circulated hundreds of pages of testimony
reflecting adversely on Ambassador Beam for
his role in the Warsaw "sea and spy scan-
dals", was described by the source as, "highly
welcome even if still unbelievable."
He revealed that top officials at the State
Department were "gloating in especial glee"
over the "obvious absence' from the debate
on Ambassador Beam of . . prominent mem-
bers of the Senate Internal Security Sub-
committee ". . . [who had] . .. built reputa-
tions for criticising the State Department's
security programs."
Asked to explain why the "victory was
unbelievable", the source said that the In-
ternal Security Subcommittee members
couldn't possibly have had a better target
than Beam. Everything was involved: the
old school tie, illicit sex, espionage, bugging,
mismanagement. Moreover, nothing was se-
cret about these; everyone on the Hill, down
to the messengers, knew about Beam's rec-
ord. Yet Bin Rogers made them all back
down.
*
*
The "victory" of Secretary Rogers and the
State Department over the Senate Internal
Security Subcommittee was "doubly sweet",
the top official stated, because Secretary
Rogers had also "managed to maneuver
things in a way to have Otepka kicked up-
stairs to membership on the Subversive
Activities Control Board."
"We're all impressed and grateful to Bill
Rogers," the source said for his "double vic-
tory" over the Senate Internal Security Sub-
committee. "He's really a professional. What
Ilusk couldn't do in eight years, he did in
less than eight weeks," he concluded.
[From the Manchester Union Leader, Mar.
15, 1969]
BEAM POST APPROVED DESPITE SPY SCANDALS
(By Edith K. Roosevelt)
Wssnixorow.?The Senate unanimously
approved the appointment or Jacob Beam as
arn.bassador to Moscow despite disclosures
by the Senate Internal Security Subcommit-
tee of sex and spy scandals involving Beam's
subordinates while he was ambassador to
Poland.
Sen. J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC.) reminded
the Senate of the "serious problems" that
had developed in Warsaw while Beam was
ambassador to Poland but did not oppose
Beam's nomination. Thurmond said:
"I want to give the administration the
benefit of the doubt."
The action followed a request by Rep.
John R. Rarick (D-La.) for remanding
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? Be's nomination to the Senate Foreign
Relations committee so that some serious
questions could be answered. Rarick ex-
pressed indignation that the committee had
refused to allow Michael D. Jaffe, general
counSel for Liberty Lobby, to testify. The
Louisiana Democrat said:
"Censorship and deniel of free speech . . .
can but alarm more and more Americans
who must be asking 'What are they trying
to hide about Mr.13earn?
Meanwhile, the administration reported
that the ease with which Beam's nomination
had breezed through the Senate indicated
that there would be no difficulty in burying
the Otepka case and bypassing promises
made by President Nixon during his political
campaign of a State Department cleanup.
The attitude of Sen. Everett Dirksen (R-
ill.) towards the-Beani appointment was ob-
viously the key inasmuch as he is credited
in the Senate with the formula to appoint
Otto F. Otepka to, the Subversive Activities
Control Board.
Another main proposal sponsored by Sens.
Dirksen. and Sen. James 0. Eastland (D-
Miss.), chairman of the Senate Judiciary
Committee, is a bill to set up a central secu-
rity agency to carry out all security checks
in the federal government including the
'State Department. Both senators are mem-
bers of the Senate Internal Security Subcom-
mittee which disclosed in their own publi-
cations that Beam's embassy had been bugged
with listening devices and that some of his
attaches were compromised by mistresses
working for Communist intelligence agencies.
Jaffe's statement Which Rarick inserted
into the Congressional Record of March 12,
said that while Beam was ambassador to
Poland, he had asked the State Department
to "Induce" Radio Free Europe to "cease its
Polish broadcasts."
The request was drafted by two foreign
'officers in Warsaw, Edwards Symms and
Thomas A. Donovan. Symans was identified
before the Senate Internal Security Subcom-
mittee as a "double agent" for the United
States and the Soviet Union, and Donovan,
who was identified as being involved in the
'Warsaw sex and spy scandals, later made
unauthorized telephone calls from Commu-
nist East Berlin to top Communist officials in
the 'Polish ministry. When 'oreign Service
'Officer Stephen A. Koczak reported Dono-
van's authorized telephone calls to superiors
In Berlin, Koczak was fired from the Foreign
Service.
The transcript of the Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee hearings on Beam, which
Rep. Rarthk inserted into the Congressional
Record on March 11, discloses that no at-
tempt was made to ascertain Beams quali-
fications for the post. Many charges which
bear directly on his ability to represent the
United States in deals with the Xremlin
were raised recently in the press by Clark
R. MoIlenhoff, Pulitzer Prize winning re-
porter for Cowles Publications, syndicated
columnist James J. Kilpatrick: Sidney Gold-
berg, editor and publisher of Government
Employees Exchange, and others.
The perfunctory Senate Foreign Relations
hearings consisted mostly of clowning and
spoofing between Senators over alleged
"monopoly" exercised by eastern states over
ambassadorial appointments.
Itarl?Mundt (R-S.D.) declared "When it
has gotten to the point where representa-
tives of eastern states publicly gloat about
the monopoly they have, this message should
be heard loud and clear in the State Depart-
ment and in the White House."
By contrast, the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee leveled a number of searching
questions at Walter H. Annenberg, publisher
of the Philadelphia Inquirer, who was nom-
inated by Nixon to the Court of St. James.
Sen. J. W. Fulbright (D-Ark.), chairman of
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
cast the lone vote against Annenberg's ap-
pointment; later on the floor of the Senate,
Sen. Stephen M. Young (D-Ohio) became
the lone senator to oppose Annenberg's nom-
ination. Sen. Young said that the Philadel-
phia publisher had "been consistently, al-
most vehemently faithful to the Grand Old
Party" (the Republican Party) and had sup-
ported Gov. Ronald Reagan of California
at the GOP Convention in Miami Beach.
EXPLOITATION OF ENDANGERED
ANIMALS AND BIRDS MUST BE
HALTED
HON. FRANK HORTON
UF NEW TOM
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, February 26, 1969
Mr. 'HORTON. Mr. Speaker, more than
SO species or subspecies of mammals have
become extinct since the beginning of
the 20th century. This is about the same
number which have vanished in the 1,900
years following the birth of Christ.
This one-a-year trend of our century
does not include the species of birds have
become extinct.
The need to protect endangered species
of wildlife from extinction is becoming
an international crisis.
By stopping the illegal commerce,
which is the basic cause of this danger,
much of this threat of extinction could
be overcome.
I introduced a bill today to provide
necessary controls against importation
of endangered species of wildlife, or
products made from their parts. This bill
would move America into a leadership
role in international conservation.
It recognizes our responsibility to help
prohibit the illegal traffic of all wildlife
taken in violation of Federal, State, or
foreign laws. The enactment of this
measure would encourage other nations
to reject the disgraceful commerce and
exploitation that poses the most serious
threat to rare birds, mammals, amphibi-
ans, or reptiles In danger of extinction.
The preservation of endangered spe-
cies which are being trapped, hunted,
and crowded out of their natural habitat
by man is important to the beauty of the
world and to nature's balance. Each
specie can tell us important things about
life and its evolution.
In another 50 years, big cats like tigers
and leopards may be exterminated if the
demand for their fur is not eased. This
means the jaguar and ocelot will vanish
from Central and South America, the
cheetah from Africa, the tiger from
Asia, and the leopard from all over the
world.
The International Union for the Con-
servation of Nature and Natural Re-
sources estimates that 10,000 leopards
are taken out of Africa each year on li-
cense, which is the maximum attrition
rate the species can bear and still main-
tain itself.
But 60,000?six times that number?
are taken by poachers each year. And,
30,000 of those are females, taken while
their unweaned cubs are left to die of
starvation.
Many countries of Africa, Asia, Europe
and Latin America are trying to pre-
E 2187
serve their treasured species. Yet, these
rules are almost impossible to enforce
when in countries like America, with a
large consumer market and purchasing
capacity, allow the horns and hides of
these illegally taken animals to be sold
for high prices without regard to legality
of their origin.
My bill would eliminate the major
American market in "fun furs" and other
such products derived from endangered
species. This would reduce the illegal
traffic in these products in other
countries.
Cats and furred animals are not the
only species so endangered. The threat
extends to any bird or mammal, am-
phibian or reptile, which is valued be-
cause of its scarcity.
Any rare species is caught in a vicious
cycle. Increased poaching means fewer
animals. Fewer animals means increased
prices because of the scarcity. Increased
prices mean more incentive for poaching.
Illegal traffic in rare animals is also a.
domestic problem. The United States does
not prohibit transportation through in-
terstate commerce, of animals taken in
violation of the laws of one of our States.
There are various State laws protecting
the native American alligator, for ex-
ample, but no law to prevent them from
being taken out. Once they get out of the
State, they are on the open market.
The only way State regulations can be
enforced is for the Federal Government
to recognize its responsibility. We must
take a leadership role in enacting force-
ful legislation designed to protect our
native wildlife.
The number of endangered species na-
tive to the United States is now 78?in-
cluding 14 mammals, 36 birds, six rep-
tiles and amphibians, and 22 fishes.
On this list are the ivory billed wood-
pecker, which could possibly be extinct
now; the timber wolf, the grizzly bear,
the California condor, and the whooping
crane.
Let us be reminded of the extermina-
tion of the passenger pigeon. This was
a tragic example of man's lack of judg-
ment and foresight. If we are to help
prevent the wanton destruction and
eventual extinction of endangered wild-
life species throughout the world, let us
move quickly to provide the necessary
controls through Federal legislation.
STATEMENT ON THE 50TH AN-
NIVERSARY OF THE AMERICAN
LEGION
HON. DON EDWARDS
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1969
Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr.
Speaker, out of the heritage of the
American soldiers and sailors who left
their homeland in 1917, 1918, and 1919 to
fight for freedom has come a great tradi-
tion and great organization. These men,
and the Americans who followed in their
footsteps during World War II and suc-
ceeding conflicts, bear the proud title
of veteran and through their veterans'
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organizations have extended their citi-
zenship to improve the quality of the
Nation.
We are now celebrating the 50th an-
niversary of the founding of the
American Legion, an organization of
2,600,000 of these citizen veterans,
gathered together in 16,200 posts
throughout this Nation and throughout
the world. Founded on March 13, 14, 15,
16, and 17, 1919, in Paris, the Legion has
grown not only in numbers, but in
wisdom.
The true strength of the Legion has
been not only in the activities in behalf
of veterans?great and worthy as those
activities have been?but in its efforts to
extend the active service of the soldier,
sailor, arid airman to full participation
as a citizen in the vital affairs of Govern-
ment. Further, the American Legion,
through its programs for youth, has
helped build a strong and healthy
America.
These efforts of the American Legion
deserve the greatest of commendation
and it is my pleasure to join in saluting
the American Legion on its 50th an-
niversary and to join in its wish that
true peace will be found and there will
no longer be a need for Americans to die
on foreign or domestic soil in the cause
of freedom.
RUMANIA'S PRIDE AND PERIL
HON. WILLIAM L. SPRINGER
Or =mow
nq rat: HOEBE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1969
Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, the
world is changing. Failure by big powers
to realize this could be the opening wedge
for a great conflict in the next decade.
It is almost unbelievable that in an
era of the United Nations that one of
the two great powers should be trying
In every way to take over a smaller
member of the United Nations by pres-
sures both,political and military.
In Eastern Europe there is a great
swell of national pride and independ-
ence. Czechoslovakia evidenced some
of that last year. Rumania and Yugo-
slavia are doing it this year. For one of
the great powers to attempt to intervene
In this situation could cause a world
crisis. Rumania, the smaller state, has
chosen to take its own position and to
decide its future upon its own best self-
interest. This is a part of all that is
contained in the United Nations Charter
and any nation that intervenes with this
self-determination is violating that
charter.
I submit herewith an editorial from
the Washington Post of Wednesday,
March 19, entitled, "Rumania's Pride
and Peril." I am sure that all of my col-
leagues in both the House and Senate will
want to read it with considerable in-
terest. It sets out the problem perfectly.
ntesvanA's PRIDE AND PERIL
Rumania has just vetoed, at Budapest, a
Soviet proposal to set up a new Moscow-run
organization to control the military units
which members contribute to the Commu-
fist Warsaw Pact. Rumania also blocked a
Soviet effort to condemn China in the wake
of the Sino-Soviet border fighting. Earlier
this year, Rumania had thwarted a Soviet
initiative to create new bodies to exert "su-
pernational" authority over the economies of
East Europe. And for months Rumania has
been fending off Moscow's attempts to con-
duct "maneuvers"?"maneuvers" paved the
way for the invasion of Czechoslovakia?on
Rumanian soil.
These various Soviet prja."-ar-^T legical
extensions of the "l1mt,gd sovereignty" doc-
trine which Mosco ut forth to justify its
occupation of $lIechoslovakla. The sover-
eignty to be 1 ited, of course, is East Eu-
rope's, not oscow's own. These proposals
have refie d the hardline Kr$rnlin. configu-
ration w ch produced last suizaner's armed
attack n Prague. The insecure Polish and
East 9erman leaderships have supported the
Sovi moves. Hungary and Czechoslovakia,
pro d but weak, have equivocated, Rumania,
solalist but independent, has quietly and
c . rageously balked .
The situation is cruelly ironic. Merely by
1r.1
anding firm and asserting its legitimate na-
onal rights, Rumania has put itself in ex-
eme danger. No one can predict how the
remlin will respond. It is hard to think that
e handful of men who run Russia have
blpoome so entangled in their own frustra-
tikais that they can think to break out only
b launching a second invasion of a Euro-
pea ally. Yet that prospect cannot be dis-
mi . Or perhaps there are others in the
Krem n capable of offering an alternative
to the rutal Stalinist policy of threat and
force.
It woul inconceivable that any Ameri-
can Govern nt could continue seeking even
limited agree nts with the Soviet Union if
the Red Army rehed on Rtimania.
THE 10TH A
RSARY OF
HAWAIIAN STA HOOD
SPEECH OF
HON. NEAL SMIT
OF IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA VES
Wednesday, March 12, 1969
Mr. SMITH of Iowa. Mr. Speak r, I
join with my colleagues in paying tri ute
to the State of Hawaii on this impor nt
anniversary. 1 so well remember the -
ternoon in the House of Representati s
when a favorable vote was given to the
proposition that Hawaii should e
bee]
a State. The then delegate from
State of Hawaii, John Burns, was on
telephone in the cloakroom and in co
munication with the Hawaiian Legisl
ture. I listened in on the telephone
could hear the tremendous ovation and
could feel the great spirit expressed,, by
that legislature as they heard the news
of the vote in the House of Representa-
tives.
The myth that the United States should
not include inhabitants of an area seek-
ing admission just because their land
Is not contiguous to the United States
had been overruled as the unworthy rea-
son that it alvfays was.
The people of Hawaii obviously wanted
to become a part of the family of States
and I think the intervening years have
proved the wisdom of both their decision
and the decision of the Congress in
passing necessary legislation and ap-
proval to complete this permanent bond.
March 19, 1969
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
HON. WILLIAM J. GREEN
OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, March 19, 1969
Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania. Mr.
Speaker, last week, I had occasion to
write to the Secretaries of Commerce,
Labor, and State, as well as to the Tariff
Commission, to urge a collaborative in-
\
westigation of the pirating of jobs
through the overseas operations of Amer-
lean plants.
What concerned me, in particular, was.
the abuse of an item, No. 807, in the
tariff schedule. Through it, American
manufacturers can be shipped out of the
country for assembly abroad. Once as-
sembled, these goods can be returned
duty free, except for the value added by
the cost of foreign labor or by the inclu-
sion of components of foreign origin.
As I understand it, a number of Ameri-
can firms have been establishing overseas
plants in low-wage countries as a means
of bypassing the living wages paid
workers in this country. This practice is
being employed by apparel and elec-
tronics firms. And I believe that an in-
vestigation is in order to determine
whether No. 807 has been working for the
best interest of the American people.
I have also discovered that many of
the goods shipped under the provisions of
No. 807, particularly components of for-
eign origin, are not being credited against
our balance of payments. The result is a
somewhat misleading and perhaps more
favorable picture of our international
trade balance. Because I think the fol-
lowing study on this subject, released this
month by the research department of
the IUE, AFL-CIO-CLC. does an excel-
lent job of describing the distortions in
the trade balance picture, under unani-
mous consent I submit the study for in-
clusion, in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, as
follows:
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
The United States has traditionally en-
joyed a favorable international trade bal-
ance: our exports have exceeded Imports by
substantial amounts. Our trade surplus has
helped pay for such things as keeping our
troops stationed abroad to protect vital
American interests and for travel abroad by
American citizens. Without a high favorable
trade balance, our international payments
position would be far worse than it is. The
strength of the dollar abroad would be in
danger.
In 1968, however, the U.S. trade surplus fell
to $100 million from $3.5 billion in 1967, a
drop of $3.4 billion. Unless there is a dramatic
reversal this year, our trade position will be
seriously weakened. Responsible for the sharp
1968 drop in our surplus was a 23.5 percent
increase in imports (five times the rate of
Increase of the preceding year), compared
with a 9.4 percent gain in exports (from 5.3
percent in 1967 and an average 1960-67 rise
of 6.7 percent). In sum, the rate of gain in
imports was substantially higher than the
gain in exports.
Figures reported by the 'U.S. Department of
Commerce for Electrical Apparatus show a
favorable trade balance in 1968, with exports
of about $21/4 billion and imports of $11/2
billion. There were export advances in
engines and parts (including nonelectrical
powered engines), Telecommunications Ap-
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