THE ORBITAL BOMBING SYSTEM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP70B00338R000300110038-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2006
• Sequence Number: 38
• Publication Date: November 6, 1967
• Content Type: OPEN

November 6A~@ ed For RG~ s~KESS1U11YAI: C~I~,MJOBQ Q1 O300110038-2
This is our reason, Mr. President, for writ-
ing a letter to you, that we may make our-
selves heard on certain beliefs.
We believe that man was created by God
and for God and we feel that because of
the worth of all mankind that no man has
the right to disrupt the lives of others by
his protesting and rioting. We feel that our
nation was established as a God fearing na-
tion and the situation today would seem that
our legislators are too easily influenced by
man, when they should look to God for guid-
ance.
It is our belief that civil disobedience
should be prevented by law. There should be
legislation to stop riots or any other form of
civil disobedience and penalties should be
established. Protestors and demonstrators
have had their way too long. They are a dis-
grace to our country's image the world over.
We are tired of draft card burning and sit-in
demonstrating at our induction centers when
so many of the fine youth of our country are
dying for it every day. The government seems
to go too far in trying to appease these types
of people who are running our country down
without actually doing anything to make
this a better world.
Also, we do not believe that poverty is an
excuse for laziness or justification for loot-
ing and rioting and that action should be
taken against cuch un-American behaviour.
We do believe in the. strength of prayer and
we Want you to know that our prayers are
with you and our national leaders.
Respectfully,
a~A
PHYLLIS WILLIAMS.
DEBBIE JOHNSON.
SHEILA BROWN.
DEBBIE BARNES.
BRENDA BARKER.
today. The report also contains a quote
from Gen. Earle Wheeler's statement
made before the Senate Committee on
Foreign Relations during hearings on
the Outer Space Treaty last March.
With regard to orbiting weapons, the
Chairman of the JCS had this to say:
This threat can be answered only through
intensified U.S. efforts to develop capabilities
to detect and verify the orbiting of nuclear
weapons or those threatening mass destruc-
tion. We must develop the capability of deal-
ing with that threat should it materialize,
with or without a treaty.
Implicit in dealing with this threat, as
General Wheeler described it, is the
ability to defend against it. It makes
little sense to speak in terms of a single-
direction ABM defense against a Chinese
threat, which Secretary McNamara now
advocates. We need an ABM defense
capable of 360 degree coverage, and large
enough to cope with the Soviet threat,
which is many times as large, more
sophisticated, and further developed
than the Chinese threat.
There has been a constant accumula-
tion of factors that justifies an early
decision to shift into full production of
the heavy ABM defense advocated by the
Joint Chiefs of Staff. The principal rea-
sons given by the Defense Department
for not proceeding with the full ABM
are, first, nothing that the Soviets have
on the drawing board will nullify our
assured destruction capability of their
homeland, and, second, that space of-
fensive nuclear delivery forces are less
efficient, less accurate, and less credible,
than ICBM's.
While these reasons appear logical on
the surface, we should remember that
warfare is not a logical science. Further,
we should not rely too much on our own
estimates of the capabilities of the So=
viet systems. It is far more important to
consider what the Soviets think. If they
conclude that their weapons are better
than they are, they might be tempted to
use them.
The Soviets are already known for mis-
calculation and overrating their capa-
bilities, and they are willing to gamble
on the basis of their estimates. They
gambled in Cuba and in the Arab-Israel
war. The fact that they are willing to
take such chances should persuade us to
be doubly careful in our preparations
for defense against nuclear attack.
We should remember that the Soviet
Union is dedicated to offensive world ob-
jectives. In this endeavor, they would find
the special effect of space military forces
very useful. If their space satellites, or
fractional orbiting systems become op-
erational, the Soviets would enjoy the
following advantages: prestige; terror;
persuasion; coercion; pressure; and de-
moralization. They could threaten to use
these space systems in conjunction with
other strategic weapons, and perhaps,
achieve their goal of victory by nuclear
blackmail.
Our own response to these possibilities.
could be much more firm if we had the
reassurance inherent in a full AI3M de-
fense such as that urged by the Joint
Chiefs of Staff. In this regard, Senator
HENRY JACKSON is conducting an investi-
gation this week that may shed more
light on the Defense Department's plans
oP15847
and programs for the ABM. It is hoped
that the testimony before his subcom-
mittee will provide sufficient evidence to
move the American public to demand a
full and adequate ABM defense for the
United States.
SENATE RATIFICATION OF POLITI-
CAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN IMPERA-
TIVE
Mr. PROXMIRE. Mr. President, the
struggle for human rights-throughout
recorded history-has been a continuing
battle against the lethal enemy of reason
and decency: discrimination. No nation-
ality, no religious sect, no race, no people
in history has been subjected to the op-
pressive and dehumanizing discrimina-
tion that has been visited upon women.
In every epoch-no matter how glori-
ous or how gross-the blight of inequality
of women has persisted. At the time of
the signing of the United Nations Char-
ter, women were granted political rights
in only half of the sovereign countries of
the world.
The United States-where the political
equality of women is constitutionally
established-has failed to ratify the
United Nations Convention on the politi-
cal rights of women. Over 4 long years
ago President Kennedy sent this treaty
to the Senate, asking ratification,. but for
4 years this Senate has failed to act. We,
a Nation which has disclaimed and dis-
dained almost the last vestige of dis-
crimination from our statutes, have
again remained internationally mute on
one of the vital issues of our time.
Here in America-where women have
made momentous contributions to our
national life as Senators, jurists, cabi-
net officers, scientists, university presi-
dents, and ambassadors-we have proved
not only the wisdom but also the inherent
value of full equality of women. I doubt
that any one of my male colleagues, be
he bachelor or benedict, does not bear
daily witness to this fact of American
life.
The time has arrived for the United
States to join China, Japan, India, Ni-
geria, Lebanon, Turkey, Thailand, Paki-
stan , and the 46 other members of the
United Nations in ratifying the conven-
tion of the political rights of women.
Again, let the record of the United
States in human rights serve as a beacon
for the old nations as well as the new-
demonstrating for all mankind that the
elimination of all .forms of discrimina-
tion is more than worth the labor and
the pains. I once again ask my colleagues
to join me in seeking immediate ratifica-
THE ORBITAL BOMBING SYSTEM
Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, Sec-
retary McNamara's announcement of the
possible Soviet development of an orbital
bombing system should be viewed as an
additional argument to redirect his Chi-
nese-oriented ABM defense toward the
Soviet Union. In focusing on the frac-
tional orbiting bombardment system--
FOBS-he highlighted just one of many
possible nuclear weapon delivery systems
that have bothered students of the stra-
tegic balance for some time.
Furthermore, Secretary McNamara
did not disclose anything particularly
new. The Soviets announced publicly, 2
years ago that they had a "monstrous
new terrible weapon" which Tass de-
scribed as "an orbital missile whose
warheads can deliver their surprise blow
on the first or any other orbit around
the earth."
The whole spectrum of Soviet stra-
tegic weapons, which can attack the
United States from outer space, from
rocket launching sites, from submarines
or from bombers, and which can arrive
over the North or South Pole, or from the
Atlantic or Pacific Ocean, has been docu-
mented publicly. The best documentation
entitled, "The Changing Strategic Mili-
tary Balance," was prepared at the re-
quest of the House Armed Services Com-
mittee, and published in June 1967. It
can be purchased from the American.
Security Council, Washington, D.C.,
for $1.50.
On, the first, page of this report is the
clear warning that the Soviet Union is
developing a strategy to win a nuclear
war rather than to simply deter one,
which is Secretary McNamara's policy
COMMUNITY-FEDERAL PARTNER-
SHIP FOR NATIONAL DEVELOP-
MENT
Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr.
President, late last month, on October
23 and 24, I sponsored a conference in
Washington for mayors, selectmen,
county commissioners, and other com-
munity leaders in the Commonwealth
of Massachusetts. Community-Federal
tion of the Human Rights Conventions on
Political Rights of Women, on Forced
Labor, on Genocide, and Freedom of
Association.
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S 15848 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD - SENATE November 6, 1967
partnership for national development
was the theme of the conference. The
sessions were devoted to discussions on
national issues and Federal legislation of
special interest to local communities in
my State.
I feel the conference was extremely
helpful in broadening the lines of com-
munication between the community lead-
ers and the Federal bureaucracy, espe-
cially at this time when expanding
activities of the Federal Government
need local understanding and initiative
to achieve their objectives and goals.
There is little doubt that the community
leaders, the Federal officials who partici-
pated In the discussions, as well as my-
self, learned a great deal and benefited
much from the exchange of views.
Federal officials who spoke to the con-
ference and responded to questions in-
cluded, in order of appearance:
Hon. R. Sargent Shriver, Director, Of-
fice of Economic Opportunity.
Hon. Robert Wood, Under Secretary,
Department of Housing and Urban De-
velopment.
Hon. Ralph Nicholson, Assistant Post-
master General.
Hon. James B. Webb, Administrator,
National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration.
Hon. MIKE MANSFIELD, majority lead-
er, U.S. Senate.
IIon. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, Vice Presi-
dent of the United States.
Hon. Stanley S. Surrey, Assistant Sec-
retary for Tax Policy, Treasury Depart-
ment.
Hon. Ramsey Clark, Attorney General
of the United States.
Hon. Lawrence F. O'Brien, Postmaster
General of the United States.
Hon. John W. Gardner, Secretary, De-
partment of Health, Education, and
Welfare.
Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, special con-
sultant to the President.
Hon. Stewart L. Udall, Secretary, De-
partment of the Interior.
Hon. J. Oliva Huot, Chief, Local Gov-
ernment Liaison, Department of Trans-
portation.
Hon, Paul C. Warnke, Assistant Secre-
tary for International Security Affairs,
Department of Defense.
Staff members of these agencies were
also on hand to confer with the dele,
gates.
I believe the proceedings of the confer-
ence will be of interest to Members of the
Senate. I ask unanimous consent that
excerpts be printed in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the excerpts
were ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
[Excerpts from proceedings]
COMMUNITY-FEDERAL PAaTNERSII1P Fos NA-
TIONAL DEVELOPMENT SENATOR EDWARD M.
KENNEDY'S MASSACHUSETTS-WASHINGTON
CONFERENCE OF COMMUNITY OFFICIALS
(Monday,. October 23, 1967)
Senator KENNEDY. I want to welcome all of
you to this Massachusetts-Washington Con-
ference of Community Officials. I am de-
lighted with your response to the confer-
ence-and I appreciate very much your tak-
ing time out of your busy schedules to come
-to Washington for these two days.
Community-Federal Partnership for Na-
tional Development is our theme. And I am
extremely hopeful that the discussions we
have will enable the local communities and
citizens of the Commonwealth to participate
more fully in the spirited adventure of prog-
ress in our generation.
The profile of our State is not unlike that
of our neighbors across the country. We, too,
are faced with enormous problems-and the
challenge of creative leadership in finding
new avenues and techniques in meeting the
needs of our State and its growing popula-
tion. Solving our problems and meeting our
needs is no longer a matter of choice-if, In-
deed, it ever was. Today, it is a matter of
necessity.
When more than 12% of the families in our
State have an annual income of under
$3,000-and in one county this Is true of
more than 23%-poverty is an issue to be
dealt with, by broadening the avenues of
opportunity to all, in education, in health, in
housing and in employment.
When the cost of pollution in our air and
water is far outstripping the cost of control-
ling it, and making our environment second-
rate-innovation is needed to end this debil-
itating plague.
When the education of our children is
hampered by outmoded concepts, a short-
age of faculty and facilities, a limited course
of study, and a small local tax base-coop-
erative efforts are needed at all levels of gov-
ernment to provide new direction and addi-
tional funds to keep our school systems in
the mainstream of progress, so that the grad-
uates can make a full contribution to the
work and life of our economy and our society.
When our citizens fear to walk and ride
the streets of our urban areas-when our
local pollee can no longer handle the in-
creasing complexity of crime problems--the
time is overdue in finding new approaches
to ensure sale streets and to control and pro-
vent crime and violence.
When adequate transportation systems are
denied our citizens by antiquated concepts,
limited financial resources and misunder-
standings at the various levels of govern-
ment-new efforts to coordinate planning
and development programs are essential.
Movement in solving our problems and in
meeting the complex needs of a growing pop-
ulation requires the active participation of
all levels of government-from Washington
to the Town Hall. It requires the active in-
terest and concern of citizens and organiza-
tions In the private sector as well.
In the Implementation of Federal pro-
grams, local Initiative is imperative if we
are to win Federal support for a community
project, and if we are to maximize the ef-
fectiveness of the collective response to a
particular community problem or need.
The value of this conference is that it will
help keep open and broaden the lines of
communication between the local commu-
nity In Massachusetts and the Federal gov-
ernment. And I hope the words and ideas
expressed here will flow on a two-way
street-that you who are showing an active
interest and leadership in solving your com-
munity's problems will leave with a better
understanding of the nature, objective and
limitations of Federal programs-and that
the Federal official participating in the con-
ference will learn from your suggestions on
how existing programs can be streamlined
and adjusted to batter meet community
problems and needs and will listen to your
suggestions for new Federal programs.
You will note from the conference sched-
ule a list of speakers, all of whom have
agreed to run the gauntlet of your questions.
Additionally, there will be workshop ses-
sions in which you are free to move along
the tables on the sides and in the back of
the room, and to express your views and
questions to the Federal officials involved in
specific programs. The Federal departments
represented are listed on the back of your
program.
Again, may I welcome you to what I hope
will be a most worthwhile conference.
it Is a pleasure and a privilege for me to
introduce the man who spells poverty with
a capital "P"--Sargent Shriver,
STATEMENT OF SARGENT SHRIVER, DIRECTOR,
OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
Mr. SHRIVER. Good morning, ladies and
gentleman, Senator Kennedy and members
of the Senator's staff. Things are looking up
down at OEO. The Senate voted 00 to 21 in
favor of the OEO program. That was the best
vote by far we over have received in the
United States Senate and probably the best
vote by far we have ever received anywhere.
It was significant, however, to us, not just
because of the numerical count involved, it
was significant for other reasons.
First of all, the Senate investigated the
OEO for about three months. Both Senators
Kennedy were on the Investigating commit-
too. There were six or seven Republican Sen-
ators on it. They took about 40,000 pages of
testimony. They heard from more than 400
witnesses. They got written statements from
something like 310 national organizations.
They held hearings not only hero in Wash-
ington but around the country, in about ten
or 12 locations, and at the end of the investi-
gation an official report was submitted to the
Senate. It was signed by both all the Re-
publicans and the Democrats and this report
said many things. But among the more sig-
nificant things was the statement that these
Senators all believed that every one of the
programs which had 'been Inaugurated
should be continued or expanded. So that
with all the mistakes we have made. I say
that everybody, apparently, regardless of
party, believed that the programs themselves,
all of them, now should be continued or ex-
panded. To us that was very significant.
The second thing that was significant was
that in the vote of the Senate, every Sen-
ator, regardless of party, from Virginia to
Maine, and as far West as Illinois, every one
of them voted for OEO.
Now, this includes men like Senator Scott
of Pennsylvania, who used to be head of the
Republican National Committee; Senator
Dirksen of Illinois, who is the Minority
Leader, and all of the Republicans as well
as Democrats'from Maine, Vermont, Rhode
Island, New Jersey, New York, from the part
of the country from which all of you come.
I think it is fair to say that the United
States Senate gave a 100 percent endorse-
ment to what we have been attempting to do.
I should add one other thing, a third
point. That the Senate not only authorized
what President Johnson requested but they
suggested about $200 million more than what
President Johnson had proposed be author-
ized for expenditure. So we conclude from
this heartening vote in the Senate that we
must be doing something right over at OEO,
otherwise we couldn't have gotten that sup-
port after a lung Investigation such as was
conducted.
I would like to say also that we have been
heartened In the last two to three or four
weeks by additional evidence as a bipartisan
support for this program. It was just about
a week ago that 22 Republican Mayors, which
believe it or not is 60 percent of all the
Republican Mayors in the cities of more than
100,000 population, 22 of them sent a letter
to Senator Dirksen and Congressman Gerry
Ford on the House side endorsing the OEO
program completely, Like the Senate, they
called for a continuation or expansion of
every program we have inaugurated.
These are not the best known Mayors, per-
haps, In America, but they were really sig-
nificant to us, because a large proportion of
them came right out of the heartland of
Republicanism In the Middle West, where
theoretically we were quite unpopular.
These Mayors all came forward in support
of the program. In addition, we have had
social workers, lawyers, the American Bar
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