TORTURE BY THE MILITARY REGIME NOW RULING GREECE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP70B00338R000300060004-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: January 4, 2017
• Document Release Date: July 15, 2005
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: October 12, 1968
• Content Type: OPEN

October 1.2, Ap roved For RCI?s QR/8 /RSL: J&--5I VOBg JR O300060004-5
S 12723
and local agencies, such plans to include an language of the Senate bill is somewhat bill and, therefore, the House did not
exterior classic frieze memorial to Woodrow more explicit on this point, making it have an opportunity to consider these
Wilson. abundantly clear that authority for ex- amendments. In addition, the House re-
(b) The Board shall, in connection with pending such funds would lie solely with duced the authorization from $500,000,
acquisition of any site authorized by Con-
gress, as provided for in paragraph (4) of the Center's Board of Trustees. as provided in the Senate bill, to
subsection (a) of this section, provide, to Finally, the Senate placed a limit of $200,000.
businesses and residents displaced from any $500,000 on authorized appropriations It would be difficult to go to confer-
such site, relocation assistance, including for the Center through fiscal 1970. The ence with the House in the closing days
payments and other benefits, equivalent to House amendment reduces that limit of the session, with danger that the bill
that authorized to displaced businesses and to $200,000. This lower limitation will might be lost. The Senator from Rhode
residents under the Housing Act of 1949, as permit at least a start on planning nec- Island, and all of us who support the bill,
amended. The Board shall develop a reloca essary for the Center, and I believe it do not want to see the bill lost. We want
rsidenntts s wit within for the site existing and d submit submit such and acceptable. to see it passed and become law at this
reesi
program to the government of the District Mr. President, the senior Senator session.
of Columbia for a determination as to its from Kentucky [Mr. COOPER] has taken Mr. President, I have received a let-
adequacy and feasibility. In providing such an intense interest in this legislation, and ter from the Honorable S. Dillon Ripley,
relocation assistance and developing such has made substantial contributions to Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu-
relocation program the Board shall utilize to its development. tion, dated October 11, in which he gives
the maximum extent the services and facili- Indeed, the remaining two points of assurance, speaking for the Institution,
tgsenci es. the appropriate Federal and local difference between the Senate bill and that he understands and interprets the ADMINISTRATION the House amendment involve amend- language of the bill before us to be in
ag
SEC. 5. The Board is authorized to adopt rents offered by my distinguished col agreement with the purpose of the Ian-
an official seal which shall be judicially league during Senate consideration of guage contained in my amendments.
noticed and to make such bylaws, rules, and the bill. As manager of the bill, I be- Mr. Ripley requests that his statement
regulations as it deems necessary for the lieved those amendments were construe- be made part of the legislative history
administration of its functions under this tive contributions, and I was most happy of this bill. I appreciate very much the
Act, including, among other matters, by- to accept and support them.. position of Mr. Ripley of the Smithsonian
laws, rules, and regulations relating to the I understand that the senior Senator in this regard. It is fortunate, as the re-
administration of its trust funds and the from Kentucky has received assurances port states, that the Center's purposes
organization and procedure of the Bo
A majority of the members of card from the Smithsonian Institution on the are in accord with those of the Smith-
shall the
constitute a quorum for the tea action specific points at issue here, and that, in sonian.
of business. ` recognition of these assurances, he is Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
APPROPRIATION willing to accept the House amendment. sent to have printed in the RECORD a
SEC. 6. There are hereby authorized to be (At this point, Mr. MCINTYRE assumed copy of Mr. Ripley's letter.
appropriated to the Board such ds as may the chair.) There being no objection, the letter
be necessary to carry out the purl oses of this Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, will the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
Act: Provided, That no more thin $200,000 Senator yield? as follows:
shall be authorized for appart of hat Mr. PELL. I yield to the Senator from SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
fiscal year 1970 and no part of that appro-
priation shall be available for construction Kentucky.
purposes, Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, I have Hon. JOHN SHERMAN COOPER,
RECORDS AND AUDIT the honor of serving on the subcommit- U.S. Senate,
SEC. 7. The accounts of the Boar shall be tee of the Committee on Rules and Ad- Washington, D.C.
audited in accordance with the rln les and ministration with the distinguished Sen- DAR SENATOR COOPER: The Smithsonian
p P Institution is greatly indebted to you for
procedures applicable to, and as pa , of, the' ator from Rhode Island [Mr. PELL] your very effective support of the bill, S.
audit of the other Federal and trust funds which considered the bill. The bill estab- 3174, to establish a living institution as a
of the Smithsonian Institution. lishes, at long last, a memorial to Presi- memorial to Woodrow Wilson, his works,
Mr. PELL. Mr. President, the bi11 be- dent Woodrow Wilson. ideals, and' scholarship. Please accept our
fore the Senate S. 3174, provides f r the When the bill, S. 3174, was considered sincere thanks for your thoughtful consid-
establishment in the Smithsonia~l In- by the Senate on October 3, 1 offered eration and action in behalf of this legisla-
stitution of an International Cent pr for three amendments to the bill which were tion.
Scholars as a National Memo dal to accepted by the manager of the bill, the It is noted that in the Congressional Rec-.
ord of October 3, 1968, on page S11912, you
Woodrow Wilson, the 28th Presid nt of Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. PELL]. offered an amendment with the concurrence
the United States. In the ensuing discussion on the floor of Senator Pell as follows:
The Senate approved the bill laIm week. of the Senate, I pointed out the pur- "Section 2, paragraph 4 of the bill, as re-
The House amendment, now befous, is poses of my amendments. They were pri- ported, requires that the establishment of
in the way of a substitute for all ut the manly to assure that the Woodrow Wil- the Woodrow Wilson center 'be consonant
enacting clause of the Senate 1. But son Center, although established within with the purposes of the Smithsonian Insti-
the House amendment differs onlythe Smithsonian Institution, shall be a tution.' My amendment would delete this
three points from the bill as approved by separate and independent institution in provision from the bill. While it is fortunate two the Senate. The three changes made by its own right, with the determinations nious,tit seemsitotmetthesrequirement that
the House amendment are, to tiny mind, and decisions concerning its development the Woodrow Wilson Center should be con-
acceptable. They do not alter, the basic and operations being within the sole sonant with, or in harmony with, the pur-
provisions of the bill regarding the es- jurisdiction of the Center's Board of poses of the Smithsonian Institution is in-
tablishment, administration, 'or operation Trustees. appropriate. The establishment of the Cen-
of the proposed Center. As an example, one amendment I pro- ter to memorialize Woodrow Wilson is the
Specifically, these diffe/ences are as posed, which was agreed to by the Sen- object of the bill. If, after several years of
follows: ate, was designed to clarify section 4(2) operation, the work of the Center parallels or
The House amendme includes a dec- (2) of the bill, which authorizes the supports the goals of the Smithsonian, it
laration of policy b he Congress that Smithsonian Institution to accept for will be well and good. But, if it does not, and
the Center still achieves the purposes for
establishment o e proposed Center deposit private funds received by the which it was established-memoralizing the
would be con n ant with the purposes of Woodrow Wilson Center in the form of ideals of Woodrow Wilson-it should not
the Smithsonian Institution. This lan- gifts or bequests. make any difference whether the Center's
guage was in the administration bill as My amendment made clear that al- purposes and work are in harmony with the
introduced in the Senate, but was deleted though these funds for the Center are purposes of the Smithsonian."
during Senate consideration as super- deposited with the Smithsonian as cus- I fully appreciate the distinction you
fluous. todian, the Center's Board of Trustees make between the future work of the Cen-
Both the Senate bill and the House would have sole authority to make ex- ter and that of the Smithsonian Institution
established and
to which you
amendment include language stating penditures from these funds to carry out institution refer It its " own right."
that gifts and bequests to the Center are the purposes of the act. great believe Section ht." "
I believe that S4 of the Declara-
to be expended at the discretion of the The House took action on its bill prior tion of Policy refers only to the establish-
Board of Trustees of the Center. The to action by the Senate on the Senate ment of such a Center and that the conduct
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 S 12724 Approved Fot8f4~MWZL2EEP7gA3,,iR00030006Moer 12, 1968
and operation of the Center for the purpose This memorial to our 28th President rep- sides of the aisle, as well as the mem-
of memorializing the work and ideals of resents an exciting and creative concept, bers outside the Senate.
Woodrow Wilson shall be within the sole
jurisdiction and authority of the Center's
Board of Trustees.
It is also noted that in the Congressional
Record of October 3, 1968, on page $11912,
you offered another amendment as follows:
"Second, section 4(a) (2) of the bill, on
page 5, provides that funds received by the
center by way of gift, bequest, and other
means be deposited with the Smithsonian In-
stitution and that expenditures of these
funds be made 'in the discretion of the
board for the purpose of the center.' My
amendment makes It absolutely clear that,
although the funds are deposited with the
Smithsonian as custodian, the center's board
shall have the sole authority to make expen-
ditures from the funds for the purposes of
the act, unless otherwise restricted by the
terms of the gift."
Thus, the bill as passed by the Senate
reads:
"SEC. 4.(a) (2) .... The Board shallhave
the sole authority to make expenditures
from such funds for carrying out the pur-
poses of this Act, unless otherwise restricted
by the terms of the gift;"
It is further noted that the bill as passed
by the House on October 7, 1968, provided
in pertinent part as follows:
"SEc. 4.(a) (2) .. and unless otherwise
restricted by the terms of the gift, expendi-
tures shall be In the discretion of the Board
for the purposes of the Center;"
I assure you that the Smithsonian Insti-
tution interprets the relevant wording as
passed by the House to mean the same as
the wording as passed by the Senate. In pro-
viding that such expenditures shall be in the
discretion of the Board of Trustees of the
Woodrow Wilson International Center for
Scholars, I consider that the House accepted
the full intent of the wording of the Senate
bill, namely that the Board of Trustees shall
have the sole authority to make expenditures
from such funds for carrying out the pur-
poses of the Act.
I would be pleased if you would accept
this letter as a part of the legislative history
of the bill to establish a National Memorial
to Woodrow Wilson.
Sincerely yours,
S. DILLON RIPLEY,
Secretary.
Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, in view
of these assi4rances, I shall not press my
amendments. I agree and support the
manager of the bill, the Senator from
Rhode Island [Mr. PELL], that the Sen-
ate should concur in the House amend-
ment.
Mr. President, in closing, let me say
that I think it a notable achievement
that after all'these years, Congress is es-
tablishing a center memorializing the life
and work of President Woodrow Wilson.
The Woodrow Wilson Commission has
worked for years on plans for a memorial,
as has Princeton University and its pres-
idents and alumni, many of whom are
Members of the Congress. All have given
it their support. The Pennsylvania Ave-
nue Commission, under the first leader-
ship of former Secretary of HEW, John
W. Gardner, has given its support. The
Smithsonian Institution and Mr. Ripley
have given advice and full cooperation.
All deserve great credit. But I should like
to pay special tribute to the distinguished
Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. PELL].
Thanks to him, he kept the bill alive and
worked out many of its problems. It is
another contribution which the Senator
from Rhode Island has made to the cul-
tural and educational life of our country.
and one which will mean much to this Having been a member of theCommis-
country and the world. sion at one time, I know the problems
Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I thank the they dealt with. Their decisions have
Senator from Kentucky very much in- been wise and farsighted.
deed and particularly appreciate his re- I can imagine no memorial more ap-
marks, as one of the graduates of Prince- propriate to the man whom we' all honor
ton. than the proposal which has just been
I commend my colleague for a very real brought before the Senate.
act of statesmanship in accepting the Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I' am very
House amendment. I know the strength pleased indeed that after a time more
of m
collea
u
'
i
ti
th
y
g
e
s conv
c
on
at this
International Center for Scholars should
exercise a maximum degree of independ-
ence. I agree to a very large extent with
the goal he has pursued so effectively
during consideration of this legislation,
and if he wished to persist in these clari-
fying amendments, I would stand with
him even at this late hour in the legisla-
tive session. Because of the legislative sit-
uation in the other body, it appears un-
likely further action on this measure
would be possible there during this ses-
sion In light of this I am particularly ap-
preciative of the generous cooperation of
the senior Senator from Kentucky.
Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr.
President, I was pleased to learn that to-
day we are clearing the final hurdle for
the President to sign into law a bill cre-
ating a memorial to our late and beloved
28th President, Woodrow Willson, in
Washington, D.C. For me it is the cul-
mination of 10 years of hopes and
efforts.
It all began back in my home in West-
field on an early Sunday morning; shortly
after my election, with Chet Huntley.
From his personal interest and expertise
on the life of Woodrow Wilson, Chet
Huntley pointed out that nowhere in
Washington was there a public memorial
than sufficient to establish Woodrow
Wilson's prominent place in the history
of our country, the Congress has seen fit
to establish a suitable memorial to him.
When the Senate considered and ap-
proved S. 3174 last week, I made mention
of the contributions to the legislation by
several organizations and individuals,
and took particular note of the fact that
the junior Senator from New Jersey [Mr.
WILLIAMS] was the originator in.the Con-
gress of the move to establish this me-
morial. The bill now before us bears the
names of the distinguished Members of
this body who serve as regents of the
Smithsonian Institution, but I would like
to state for the record that it was only
through an inadvertence that the bill
does not bear the name of Senator WIL-
LIAMS of New Jersey as a cosponsor. -
I should also like to express my ad-
miration and - appreciation of the skill-
ful and energetic leadership provided in
the other body by Representative FRANK
THOMPSON, of New Jersey, during con-
sideration of the Woodrow Wilson Me-
morial bill.
Me
TORTURE BY THE MILITARY RE-
GIME NOW RULING GREECE -
to the man who was truly one of our Mr. PELL. Mr. President, on October 3,
greatest Presidents. It was, therefore, no 1968, I called to my colleagues' atten-
coincidence that the first bill intro- tion the charges of illegal and brutal tor-
duced in the Senate was to establish a ture by the military regime now ruling
Commission to make recommendations Greece. I referred to the investigations
to Congress on a suitable and permanent niade by the Council of Europe, which
memorial to New Jersey's greatest resi- will soon use this evidence to consider a
dent, Woodrow Wilson. recommendation to expel Greece from
On October 4, 1961, President Ken- membership in that distinguished par-
nedy signed that bill into law. At his el- liamentary body.
bow in the Oval Room was Mrs. Wood- Reports of torture have also been made
row Wilson. It was a memorable cere- by private organizations. The Interna-
mony, and a very appropriate beginning tional Red Cross, Amnesty International
for the work of the Commission. in London, which has consultative status
Now, 7 years later, our work is done with the Council of Europe, and the
in the legislative area. Soon a tangible American Federation for Democracy in
and inspiring tribute to Woodrow Wil- Greece, have all, noted the evidence of
son and the many legacies he gave to the mistreatment to political prisoners. While
world will be a reality for all of us who it is difficult to confirm all the details of
live, work, and visit the Nation's Capital. these charges because so many prisoners
These. have been 10 years well spent. I are inaccess1I le, statements by high
can truthfully say that seeing this meas- Greek officials make it clear that such
ure successfully enacted is one of my -torture is tolerated. For example, on
proudest legislative accomplishments. May 11, 1968, Mr. P. Tzevelekos, Minister
Mr. President, at this time I move that of Public Order, was quoted as saying:
the Senate agree to the amendment of Every kind of violence is occasionally un-
the House. avoidable, and must be used only and solely
The motion was agreed to. when the advices, persuasions, and warnings
Mr. PELL. Mr. President, now I should have failed to assure the obedience of the
like to move approval of the bill as people.
amended. Mr. President, I was recently given a
The motion was agreed to. list of alleged prisoners who have been
Mr. CASE. Mr. President, I want to tortured, along with the names of alleged
express the appreciation of the State of torturers. In an attempt to verify the
New Jersey for the action of the Com- accuracy of this report, I requested the
mission, and ? my appreciation to the Department of State to comment
members of that Commission on both thereon. I was told that our officials "do
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 October 12Ap eyed For Ref MARTAAEIi SR70B00 38RO00 00060004-5 - SENATE
not have the basis to comment speci-
fically on the details of the report."
This is indeed regrettable, for our
policy toward the Greek junta must in-
clude consideration of the nature of her
judicial institutions, which now seem to
have more in common with those which
existed under Stalin than what should
be expected of a NATO ally. Relations
between the United States and Greece
can never be normal until there is a re-
turn to the free exchange of people and
ideals which have characterized our post-
war alliance. This cannot be achieved
until the beastly treatment of prisoners
ceases.
A good deal of material is already in
the public domain concerning the torture
of political prisoners. Here, for the bene-
fit of any interested persons, I would
ask unanmious consent to insert in the
RECORD at this point the following public
references which cite specific names of
torturers and/or of victims.
There being no objection, the refer-
ences were ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
1. Report from Greece, November 1967 by
Cedric Thornberry, English barrister and lec-
turer in law at the London School of Eco-
nomics, executive member of the Council
for Civil Liberties, and articles by him in the
London Guardian, November 24, 1967, and
of May 14, 1968.
2. Report on Greece by Frank Galbally,
LL. B., assisted by James Kimpton, B.A., both
of Melbourne, Australia, February 1968.
3. Report of spring, 1968, by the Greek
Committee against Dictatorship, 60 Totten-
ham Court Road, London W. 1.
4. Reply to two Members of the British
Parliament who visited Partheni by the de-
tainees at the camp, published in Bleftheri
Patrida, Rome No. 41, July 29, 1968.
5. First Report for Amnesty International
of London by British barrister, Anthony
Marreco, former Nuremberg prosecutor, and
James Becket, member of the United States
Massachusetts bar, January 27, 1968. Circu-
lated and discussed at the Council of Europe
January 30, 1968.
6. Second Report for Amnesty Intefna-
tional by Anthony Marreco on investigation
conducted March 28-April 1, 1968.
7. Interview with Alastair Tomkins, Brit-
ish, who was in prison in Athens from May
1967 to May 1968 and an article on the inter-
view in the London Observer of May 12, 1968.
8. Article in the London Guardian of May
13, 1968, giving names of five torture victims
in Crete.
9. Report by journalist Tonia Marketaki
who was a prisoner in the Athens Security
Police Station for some months beginning
August 22, 1967, published in the London
Sunday Times of February 25, 1968.
Second. Boutos at Piraeus Asphalia,
Third. Ioannides, Major Vassilios at
Dionysos Military Camp.
Fourth. Kapoglou, lieutenant, director
of Aegeleo Asphalia.
Fifth. Karapannaiotis, at Athens As-
phalia.
Sixth. Kollias, gendarme-country po-
lice-in Kalogreza.
Seventh. Mallios, at Athens Asphalia.
Eighth. Manousakis, major at Dionysos
Military Camp.
Ninth. Spanos at Athens Asphalia.
Tenth, Taxiarchis at Dionysos Camp.
The name of Chief Inspector Lambrou
at Athens Asphalia crops up very fre-
quently, not as an individual who him-
self has committed actions of torture, but
as the man responsible for permitting it.
At the present time the Dionysos Mili-
tary Camp, about 15 miles outside of
Athens, seems to be the center for inter-
rogation.
At a later date, I intend to insert in
the RECORD a further list of torturers
and victims.
Finally, as an example of the abuse of
victims, I have just this very morning
received a cable from a friend in Europe
and shall insert in the RECORD its con-
tents:
Elestherios Berybakis, age 34, lawyer ar-
rested with Peponis group summer 1967,
issuing leaflets of Amnesty First report. Re-
arrested now in Dionysos Military Camp. Re-
tortured apparently cannot stand.
This tragic message speaks for itself
horribly and eloquently of man's inhu-
manity to man. It attests equally to a
regime that permits such inhumanity.
RETIREMENT OF SENATOR BOURKE
B. HICKENLOOPER
Mr. PASTORE. Mr. President, one of
the most honored and respected Mem-
bers of this body is BOURKE BLAKEMORE
HICKENLOOPER. As chairman of the Joint
Committee on Atomic Energy, it is my
great pleasure to read to the Senate the
resolution adopted by the Joint commit-
tee on the occasion of the announcement
of the retirement from the U.S. Senate
of our esteemed colleague, the Honorable
BOURKE BLAKEMORE HICKENLOOPER. I
shall read the resolution by the Joint
Committee on Atomic Energy:
[90th Congress, second session]
RESOLUTION BY JOINT COMMITTEE ON ATOMIC
t is based. In
ENERGY testimony before committees of Congress I
Whereas BOURKE BLAKEMORE HICKEN- have frequently expressed concern over the
LOOPER, through his service durin
continuous er
1945
i
g
os
-46
on of, the power and author-
Mr. PELL. In addition, a considerable on the Senate Special Committee on Atomic ity of the Legislative branch that has taken
amount of unpublished material is avail- Energy, contributed significantly to the for- place in recent years. Senator Hickenlooper,
able. mulation of the Atomic Energy Act of 1946, through his position on the Joint Committee
For-
Mr. President, I shall not ask unani- atomic nergy leg slatan; Find world's-first eign Relations, the Committee on Banking
mows consent to place in the RECORD at Whereas Senator HIcxENLooPER has served and Currency and the Committee on Aero-
this time the long list of alleged torturers the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy with nautical and Space Sciences, is one of those
and victims that has come into my pos- honor and distinction since its inception in who has consistently spoken and fought for
session. 1946 in its role as the congressional guardian what he believes to be right. It is only
However, believing that the white light of the national atomic energy program; and through the intelligent efforts of men such
and heat of publicity can have an inhib- of`theeUnitedo States one Congress tfour o have served preserv ed t our form of government will be
iting effect on the actions of individual continuously on the Joint committee on I sincerely regret his leaving the U.S. Sen-
police or security agents, I shall read into Atomic Energy from 1946 to 1968; and ate. I can only hope that others who follow
the RECORD names of a few police officers Whereas during this nearly quarter of a him will by his example guide their own
whom I am satisfied have committed ac- century of service he served faithfully and efforts in strengthening the Legislative
tions of torture against political pris- well as Chairman of the Joint Committee Branch-the only way to ensure that sov-
OrierS: during the 80th Congress and Vice Chair- ereignty continues to reside in our people.
First. Babalis-Bablis-at Athens As_ man during the 83rd Congress; and Would you be so kind as to extend to Sen-
Whereas Senator B.ICKENLOOPER was a ator Hickenlooper my most heartfelt thanks
phalia. principal author and sponsor of the Atomic for the great service he has rendered to the
S 12725
Energy Act of 1954, which Act further pre-
served and strengthened the national se-
curity while opening to private enterprise
the opportunity to participate in the United
States civilian nuclear power program; and
Whereas, throughout this long and notable
tenure, his dedication, perseverence, and
good judgment assisted greatly the Nation's
effort to maintain a strong defensive shield
while working unceasingly in the struggle
for peace; and
Whereas our pleasant association with him
through periods of crisis and accomplish-
ment has always been characterized by sin-
cerity, friendliness, and good fellowship; and
Whereas it is with a deep sense of regret
and loss that the Committee has learned of
Senator HICKENLOOPER'S plans to retire from
the United States Senate at the conclusion
of this, the 90th Congress: Now, therefore,
be it
Resolved, That his colleagues on the Joint
Committee extend to BOURKE BLAKEMORE
HICKENLOOPER their gratitude and apprecia-
tion for his able and unstinting service to
the Committee throughout his long tenure
thereon, and express to him their heartfelt
wishes for continued good health and hap-
piness upon his retirement from public serv-
ice.
Attest:
JOHN O. PASTORE, RICHARD B. RUSSELL,
CLINTON P. ANDERSON, ALBERT GORE,
HENRY M. JACKSON, GEORGE D. AIKEN,
WALLACE F'. BENNETT, CARL T. CURTIS,
CHET HOLIFIELD, MELVIN PRICE, WAYNE
D. ASPINALL, THOMAS G. MORRIS, JOHN
YOUNG, CRAIG HOSMER, WILLIAM H.
BATES, JOHN B. ANDERSON, WILLIAM M.
MCCULLOCH.
Mr. President, I wish to read into the
RECORD a letter from Admiral Rickover:
U.S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION,
Washington, D.C., October 11, 1968.
Hon. JOHN O. PASTORE,
Chairman, Joint Committee on Atomic
Energy, U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: It is my understand-
ing that this afternoon some members of
the Senate are planning to include in the
RECORD comments concerning the distin-
guished service Senator Bourke B. Hicken-
looper has given his country during his 24
years as a member of the U.S. Senate. If it is
appropriate, I would appreciate it greatly if
you could do me the honor of having this
letter inserted in the RECORD.
I have known and respected Senator Hick-
enlooper since 1947. He is a distinguished
American. All of us who have been in any
way associated with the atomic program, as
well as many others, have reason to regret
his leaving his important posts in the Senate.
As you know, I have the deepest respect
for and faith in our Congress and the demo-
cratic principles upon which i
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- SENATE October 12, 1968
United States, as well as my best wishes for
his continued good health and happiness.
Respectfully,
H. G. RICKOVER.
in conclusion, let me say that though
BOURKE HICKENLOOPER sits on the oppo-
site side of the middle aisle no rancor
ever divides us and we are very dear
friends. I cherish his friendship, and I
know of no finer gentleman, no man I
would rather call my friend than BOURKE
HICKENLOOPER. I regret the fact that he
has decided not to return to the Senate
of the United States, our country and
each of us is the loser by his decision.
I take this occasion to wish him all good
fortune and many years of good health,
happiness, and success.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. Mr. President,
about all I can say to the Senator from
Rhode Island is, thank you, and I thank
my colleagues on the Joint Committee for
this expression of sentiment. It has been
20 years of great pleasure and enjoyment
andno little accomplishment under the
leadership of my friend from Rhode
Island, the great Senator PASTORE, and
others who have led the committee.
I think the Joint Committee has set
an example during these years of non-
partisanship and bipartisanship in at-
tending to the public interest. All I can
say is, thank you.
Mr. ALLOTT. Mr. President, we have
not had the opportunity in the hurly-
burly of these last few days, to express
our appreciation to the Members of the
Senate who are not going to be with us.
Among others, I was somewhat shocked
by and regretted the announcement of
the distinguished Senator from Iowa that
he would not seek reelection this fall. I
am sure this is a feeling which is shared
by all Members of the Senate.
For nearly a quarter of a century he
has served the people of Iowa and the
people of the United States in the Sen-
ate. This is half of his adult life. No
words can express the ultimate output in
energy and brains that is put out in
performing that service in behalf of his
country.
For Mrs. Allott and myself, I want to
say especially that we are proud of the
friendship of Senator and Mrs. HICKEN-
LOOPER. I really had not known him, but
had just met him, when I came to the
Senate. While our votes have not been
the same on each and every vote, I have
always found that on any question, his
advice was something to be considered.
Even though he felt deeply about a par-
ticular subject, and I happened to vote
the other way-which has not happened
too often-I never found him carrying
any rancor, and I am sure he never
even thought about taking the Senator
from Colorado to task for his vote, be-
cause that is the kind of man BOURKE
HICKENLOOPER is.
Both Mrs. Allott and I will miss Sena-
Mr. GORE. Mr. President, Senator State of Iowa. The citizens of his State
HICKENLOOPER and I have the honor to have judged him highly. He holds a place
serve together on two committees-the of high esteem and great affection
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and among them.
the Committee on Foreign Relations. As a fellow Senator during the 14
On both of those committees, Senator years since my membership in this body
HICKENLOOPER has been a diligent, able, began, he has demonstrated many fine
dedicated, and effective member. But this attributes in the great traditions of
is only part of the story. He has also membership in the Senate.
been congenial. He has been instructive. So I join in the ttribute and congratu-
He has been inspiring to his colleagues. lations that have been expressed here by
The departure of Senator HICKEN- other Members of this body. I extend
LOOPER from the Senate will be a distinct the same congratulations, commenda-
loss to this body, to his State, and to his tions, and feelings of gratitude to the
country, for his is an intelligent vote. members of his family. Mrs. Hruska
His is a learned voice. His is a spirit of joins me in the hope that he will enjoy
compassion and understanding. many years of good health and happi-
The friendship that has grown be- ness.
tween him and me is something I shall Mr. YARBOROUGH. Mr. President, in
ever treasure, and my wishes that go with my 11 years in the Senate, I have not
him for happiness, success, and fruitful- had the privilege of serving on commit-
ness in whatever endeavor he may here- tees with the distinguished senior Sena-
after engage in are without bounds, tor from Iowa, but I feel that I owe him
nshi
a
t t
h
have the honor of serving on the Joint
Atomic Energy Committee but my ac-
quaintance and friendship with 13OURKE
HICKENLOOPER, I suspect, goes back as far
as that of any other Member of the Sen-
ate. When he was Lieutenant Governor
of the great State of Iowa, and later Gov-
ernor of that State, I had the honor of
serving the State of Florida as its chief
executive. Mrs. Holland and I had the
great pleasure of meeting BOURKE HIcK-
ENLOOPER and Verna, his lovely wife, at
several State Governors' Conferences,
and our friendship dates from that time.
I want to say that as Lieutenant Gov-
ernor and as Governor, and in the Con-
ference of Governors as well as here in
the Senate, his voice has always been a
steady one-a voice of conservatism, a
voice of patriotism, and a voice of de-
cency, for every person who knows him as
I do to recognize as just that. It has been
an inspiration to me to know him and
to serve with him. I know that he real-
izes how deeply I shall miss him here in
the Senate. Mrs. Holland and I wish for
him and Verna many, many added years
of happiness, and I know that those add-
ed years will be years of further distinc-
tion for my dear friend, the senior Sen-
ator from Iowa.
Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, about 30
years ago it was my privilege and pleas-
ure to form close business, professional,
and social contacts in the city cf Cedar
Rapids, Iowa. I became a frequent visitor
there. Among the highlights of that
community with which I was able to fa-
miliarize myself was the ascending ca-
h d Senator
enror
t
o
rs s a sm
a debt of gratitude for
on those matters which immediately
touch my State, and on which I have
had the privilege of working with him,
in the field of foreign affairs.
The first of those was the controversy
over El Chamizal, at El Paso. That was
a very controversial matter from the
start. It had been in controversy, as a
matter of fact, for more than 100 years.
During that period, at one time it was
submitted to arbitration, about 1909,
during the Presidency of President Taft,
with one arbitrator appointed by the
United States, one by Mexico, and the
third chosen from Canada by the two
countries together.
When they brought back an award,
2 to 1, that the United States considered
against it, the United States refused to
carry it out, I think very unfortunately
and not to our credit, and that hurt our
image and status in Latin America from
that time on for nearly 60 years.
Finally we had another agreement,
made by the late President John F. Ken-
nedy, in Mexico, with former President
Lopes Mateos of that country, that Mex-
ico would settle this problem with us. So
the State Department of our Govern-
ment and the Foreign Ministry of Mex-
ico went to work, and came up with a
compromise, not quite as good for us as
the arbitrators' award back in about
1910 or 1911; we lost by having repudi-
ated that award. But they came up with
one, and we had to go into the El Chami-
zal zone; it meant uprooting thousands
of people, and meant getting the city of
El Paso, the County of El Paso, and the
State of Texas to agree.
rngtus a s
reer of the dis
from Iowa. He was then Lieutenant Gov- Many of Senator HICKENLOOPER'S
ernor of the State. He was rapidly pro- former constituents had moved into that
moted to the Governorship, and then, 24 area, and appealed to him, as the rank-
years ago, to the Senate. ing minority member on the Foreign Re-
Since then, of course, I have been fa- lations Committee.
miliar as a citizen and later a public He gave the matter deep and close
official of the State immediately west of study, and helped us tto get the El
he Committee
his native State, with the outstanding
record he has compiled, both in the Na- on Foreign Relations. He studied and
tion and in the world, in the field of the supported it. He said it was just and fair,
foreign relations of this country, particu- and thus did much to help our foreign
larly through his membership on the relations with Latin America. He helped
Foreign Relations Committee, and on the us get the El Chamizal Treaty through,
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. We and supported it on the floor of the Sen-
salute the constructive and patriotic rec- ate.
ord he has achieved in those fields. So I thank the Senator from Iowa.
I have had frequent occasion to ob- Had it not been for his leadership in get-
serve and to assess his impact upon the ting the members of his party to support
tor and Mrs. HICKENLOOPER very much.
We wish both of them all of the hap-
piness and all of the joy that they can
have in their retired life. Whatever hap-
piness and joy they have, I must say,
will be justly and richly deserved for the
service he has rendered to his country.
BOURKE, we will miss you very much,
and I hope you will come back to see.us
often.
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