HISTORY MUST NOT REPEAT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300005-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 11, 2004
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: June 16, 1967
• Content Type: OPEN

A 3074
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX une 16, 1967
Administration's exceptional accom-
plishments in these programs.
Miss Parsons is a member of the execu-
tive committee of the President's Study
Group on Careers for Women, which
was established by President Johnson on
February 28, 1966.
It gives me great pleasure to commend
this outstanding American woman for
her achievements, and to congratulate
her on receiving the doctor of laws de-
gree of which she is so deserving from
the University of North Carolina.
Histo* Must Not Repeat
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. LESTER L. WOLFF
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, last week
Israel stood alone in her battle for sur-
vival and won a stunning victory over.
the Russian-backed Arab forces. This
week the United States must stand with
her in the diplomatic struggle to guar-
antee her borders and her safety. To win
the war and lose the peace is an old
familiar refrain, and we cannot let this
occur again. In reference to this, I com-
mend to my colleagues this excellent edi-
torial from the June 8, 1967, issue of the
Long Island Press:
ISRAEL'S NEXT CAMPAIGN
Israel has scared one of the most aston-
ishing victories in military history. This
tiny land, with less than half the number
of people who live on Long Island, took
on the entire Arab world of more than 100
million and in three days destroyed their air
forces, ran through their armies and stands
triumphant at Suez, Sharm el Sheikh and
Jerusalem. What makes this so utterly re-
markable is that the Arabs were backed by
the Soiiet Union with billions in military
and economic aid.
But now Israel faces the even more crucial
struggle to secure her military victories. Rus-
sia, smarting from her humiliation, has
already begun to salvage what she can of her
hypocritical investment in the world's last
major feudal leaders, the repressive and re-
actionary regimes of Arab colonels and kings.
Israel did the militarily impossible by her-
self. In the emerging diplomatic compaign
she must have the full support of the United
States and the other major Western powers.
Her military victories, as she said, were
not for conquest, but for survival. She must
The Blue Ridge: Nature and the
Human Spirit
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. JOHN 0. MARSH, JR.
their scarcity in an urbane and sophisticated
world, a man of his word always, a gentle-
man even in the white heat of political con-
flict, a public figure whose sincerity was
never suspect, even by the smallest minds.
Never in serious contention for national
office, he was nonetheless a national figure,
around whose example men rallied in many
states far removed from his own.
Among his own constituents, he could, and
innot infre d, requests his
fluence fromlpowerfulf quarters, and yet he
rarely made an enemy by these actions. Even
though they might be unsuccessful, those
who went to him came away knowing he
had taken his position out of conviction, and
their respect for him multiplied.
There were few wiser judges of Virginia's
public temper than Harry Byrd, but in all
his years of campaigning, he had no need for
pretentions, and little sympathy for those
who felt
But when trials of his long and often
lonely battle in Washington threatened to
engulf him, he had a sure remedy. He would
go climb a mountain.
As he reminisced in his later years, Sena-
tor Byrd liked to recall that he had climbed
Old Rag on his fifteenth birthday, a year
which
l at took
Winches, ran already wise family
nnewspaper
far
beyond his years.
It was typical of him that instinctively
he devised for himself in climbing moun-
tains a health program that might have been
prescrib by physical fitness professionals,
the exe lee of his heart, lungs, and body,
carried h his him. from the cares
even riche freed
But it was hardly to maintain a super hu-
man energy that he returned so often to
the mountain trails. It was purely and sim-
ply that he loved these hills. Here he found
a strength akin to that which the Old Testa-
ment prophets drew from their desert
slo But for him it was not enough to make
the climb alone, above the troubles that be-
set lesser men, and which so often surround-
ed the man himself.
He was content only if others could share
what he found here, if a great sweep of
na- ture's handiwork could be preserved for all
time, and for all people.
And again, history has proved his judg-
ment. Consistently in recent years, Shen-
andoah National Park has been second only
to a sister region to the south in the number
of visitors from all over this nation who
have found peace upon its craggy heights.
Officially and privately, this was the prov-
ince
he argued its location and persuaded the
and the Park Service that this spot
Virginia was ideal for their purpose.
As U.S. Senator, his budgetary vigilance
was relaxed only where the Park Service,
OF VIRGINIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, June 15, 1967 Mr. MARSH. Mr. Speaker, last week- end, it was my privilege to attend the dedication of the Harry F. Byrd, Sr., National
itors' Center in Shenandoah National Park, on the crest of the Blue Ridge
Mountains of Virginia.
This center represents the addition of
another major interpretive facility in the
National Park System, in a park which
has a phenomenal public visitation rate,
primarily because the Skyline Drive runs
through it, giving the motorists a mag-
nificent view of the Valley of Virginia and
the Virginia Piedmont.
Among those present for the dedication
was our colleague , the Honorable WAYNE
N. ASPINALL, Representative from the
State of Colorado . Our distinguished col-
league, as chairman- of the House Com-
m ittee on Interior and Insular Affairs,
enjoys a nationwide reputation for his
active interest in our national parks and
public lands. He has been the author of
much law.
The principal speaker of the dedication
ceremonies for the Harry F. Byrd, Sr.,
Visitor Gov. ., of Virginia, and I was impressed by
his recollection of the consistent man-
ner in which the late Senator Byrd found
inspiration, and restoration of his re-
solve in public service, through his Com-
munions with nature in the Shenandoah
National such a prominent and effectivepart.
Harry F. Byrd, Sr., loved the Blue
Ridge , but the visitation record in Shenandoah National Park makes plain
that his affection for these mountains
has been shared by millions of his fel-
low citizens from all parts of the Nation.
Under leave to extend my remarks in
the Appendix, , Mr. Speaker, I include the
address of Governor Godwin, as follows:
REMARKS BY Gov. MILLS E. GODWIN, JR., MEMORIAL DEDICATION OF THE HARRY F.
BYRD, SR., VISITOR CENTER. SHENANDOAH
NATIONAL PARK, JUNE 10, 1967
Today, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr. would have
reached four-score years, and without doubt
he would have been with us in the flesh as
he surely is in the spirit.
But had that been so, the crowd Would
have been somewhat thinner; for his way
shown now that the land and installations
she captured are not booty, but simply the
means she did not previously possess to
unequivocal guarantees that her real aird- mountainside. At the top, his ruddy face
peaceful coexistence with the Arabs-will be slightly flushed as the only sign of exertion,
honored. She doesn't want acreage or canals. he would have smiled benignly at the strag-
She wants to remain alive with fear-free gling followers stumbling up after him.
borders and the same rights as other nations The greatest of biographers could hardly
to sail international waters. The United Na- have captured Harry Byrd on paper, and the
tions has failed to provide such guarantees. most silver-tongued of orators could not
That is why Israel had to go to war. As, For- have paid him proper tribute, although he
eign Minister Abba Eban asked the other would have acknowledged their efforts with
night, "What is the effect of the UN pres- a gracious smile and an occasional nod,
ence if it is an umbrella that is taken away And yet, when that honor today fell on
as soon as it begins to rain?" Russia and the me, there was no hesitancy, there was no
UN do not have the right to ask Israel to discussion of the pros and cons. I simply
move back unless they guarantee an umbrella had to come and to try.
will remain until it stops raining insane The Harry Byrd the world knew was first
Arabs. a man with virtues respected in him for
and Shenandoah National Park in particu-
lar, were concerned.
And as a citizen, still concerned for the
comforts and enjoyment of others, he pro-
vided, in sequence, four shelters which bear
his name.
His feeling for the mountains came not
purely in a search for a refuge. From his
earliest days, they were one of the many tra-
ditions held secure and deep within him.
As a boy, he walked the narrow mountain
trails with his father. Having all the world
to choose from, he spent his honeymoon on
one of these hilltops.
Countless times he climbed these moun-
tains, joining his companions from the val-
ley below and the mountain men themselves,
in the enjoyment of its rough and open
spaces.
We will never know how many of Vir-
ginia's, and the nation's, courses of action
were determined on these slopes, or in what
were then the isolated cabins nestled among
the trees.
We do know that here was to be found a
Senator Byrd at rest, one who appeared to
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June 16, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A 3073
cently of a young South Carolina paratrooper The responsible course for the third-world influential and has brought honor to you
at Fort Bragg. Lt. Ronald Greer Reeves of countries interested In South-West Africa and to your agency. For distinction in gav-
Uharlestpn, a 23-year-old Clemson graduate would have been to launch an amendment ernment service, for a career accomplish-
and a non-drinker, died in his own vomit of the United Nations Charter in order to ment which is unique among women, and
after taking part in a drinking ritual which compel all old League mandates to come for an influential belief in equality of job
passes as the initiation ceremony for cer- under the United Nations. Currently the opportunity, Miss Parsons, by vote of the
taro paratroop elements at Fort Bragg. holder of a League mandate has a choice Faculty and that of the Trustees of the
Army Chief of Staff Darold K. Johnson and whether to relinquish it; South Africa has University of North Carolina, I confer upon
Army Secretary Stanley liesor have expressed chosen not to. That is the legal basis of the you the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws
regret over the incident, but their profes- United Nations' frustration. with all its rights and privileges.
sions of sorrow took on a hollow ring when The small states in the world body also
they added that such rituals "serve a useful have a choice. They must decide whether Miss Parsons' contributions to Gov-
role in developing esprit and a sense of unity to use it to unlimber their vanities and ernment serve as an incentive to all
within military units." vocal cords, and thereby condemn it to dam- women throughout this country, proving
Hogwash! aging displays of Impotence and irrelevance. that devotion to duty and preparation
Any outfit-be it military, collegiate, fra- Or they can use it for the serious and effec- for service through study and experience
ternal or otherwise-which finds it necessary tive pursuit of their various national goals,
to build morale by boozing it up is sadly lack- thereby dignifying the United Nations and are the prime prerequisites for accom-
ing in integrity and in self-sufficiency. The strengthening it for its many difficult tasks. plishment and success.
swilling of liquor is no sign of strength, of The performance of the small states in the Miss Parsons has achieved many
character, of fortitude, of intellect, or of any Middle East crisis can comfort no true friend "firsts" in her career. She was the first
of the attributes which go toward the making of the United Nations. Nor can their per- woman to receive such a high personnel
of a man: formance on South-West Africa.
The individual who can look his tempters appointment directly from the White
In the face, spit in their eyes, and declare: dent. On August 5, 1965, in a White
"I need none of your lousy liquor to prove my House ceremony, President Johnson
manhood," is the stronger, not the weaker, Irene Parsons Honored appointed Miss Parsons to her present
for it. position. It was the highest position ever
The United States Army has had the un- held by a woman in the Veterans' Ad-
qualified support of this newspaper and of EXTENSION OF REMARKS ministration and the highest personnel
this editor for as many years as either can
remember. But if the military establishment ment. position held to a woman in Govern-
continues to tolerate drinking sprees of the HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE . The Veterans' Administration is
sort which cost the life of Lt. Reeves, then of TEXAS the third largest Government agency,
it will forfeit much of the esteem which it having 170,000 employes, 60,000 of which
has enjoyed, not only from this source, but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are women.
from he public. Thursday, May 18, 1967 This appointment became a challenge
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOHN R. RARICK
OF LOUISIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the United
Nations is off course, has apparently
abandoned its peaceful purpose and now
looms more as a threat to free men than
refuge against tyranny.
Out of control of reasonable men, it
has demonstrated its unreliability in
the Arab-Israel matter by withdrawing
a peacekeeping force and conversely In
the South-West Africa matter, it reaf-
firms its frustration by trying to invade
and take over a peaceful country.
Its respect has disappeared and be-
neath the wearing shimmer of its gold-
plated promises, most people are awaken-
ing to the U.N. being used as greatest
threat to world peace and free men.
Under unanimous consent I include
with my remarks a Washington Post edi-
torial of June 16:
How To HURT THE U.N.
By electing a council and commissioner
to run South-West Africa, the United Na-
tions ends one of its most foolish and least
necessary chapters. South Africa, which ad-
ministers South-West Africa under a League
of Nations mandate, simply refuses to let
the United Nations have It. The General
Assembly lacks the power and procedure to
implement its will, as it knew before under-
taking this exercise In diplomatic surrealism.
Since the great powers have no heart for
tackling South Africa on the issue, there was
and is no chance for Security Council im-
plementation.
Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker,
we are very familiar with the phrase
that "actions speak louder than words,"
and, regardless of how many words are
issued on the equality of the sexes in
employment, it takes firm action to see
that these are implemented. Under the
present administration these words have
been transformed into actions, and we
now have many high-ranking positions
in the executive branch being ad-
ministered successfully by women.
One of the most outstanding examples
of women in Government Is Miss Irene
Parsons, the Assistant Administrator for
Personnel of the Veterans' Administra-
tion. She has become a living example
that efficiency and achievement are not
limited to men.
Much recognition has been given to
Miss Parsons for her outstanding Gov-
ernment work, but the old adage that a
"prophet is not without honor save in
his own country" went by the wayside
on June 4 when Miss Parsons' alma
mater extended outstanding recognition
of her contributions by presenting her
with an honorary doctor of laws degree.
In presenting the doctorate, Chan-
cellor James S. Ferguson, of the uni-
versity, had this to say:
Irene Parsons, the recognition of your ad-
ministrative abilities, your superior achieve-
ments, and your outstanding service to the
lems of this high office with vigor and
determination. The results of her ad-
ministrative abilities, recognized prior to
her appointment, verified the confidence
exhibited by the President in her-ap-
pointment. She has implemented pro-
ceduresand has made the VA personnel
operation one of the most successful In
Government.
Her subsequent successes have served
as the basis for proof that accomplish-
ment is not restricted to any one sex.
Her list of activities and accomplish-
ments are numerous, proving that for
those who aspire to success the door is
open in America.
Miss Parson's appointment came about
when the Administrator of Veterans'
Affairs William J. Driver submitted her
name to the President following a re-
quest for the names of outstanding ca-
reer employees for consideration in the
staffing of Presidential appointments.
Miss Parsons is a native of North
Wilkesboro, N.C., and graduated from the
University of North Carolina. She re-
ceived a master of science degree in pub-
lic administration from George Wash-
ington University In Washington, D.C.
During World War II, she served with
the Coast Guard, attaining the rank of
lieutenant. She was employed by the
Veteran
' Ad
i
i
t
ati
s
m
n
s
r
on in 1946, and
government of the United States has brought
re-
honor to North Carolina, your native state, progressively was given increasingly re-
and to the University of Greensboro, your sponsible positions. She has received
Alma Mater. Your appointment by President many awards and commendations for
Johnson in 1965 to the position of Assistant the outstanding quality and effectiveness
Administrator of the Veterans Administra- of her work, including the Federal Wom-
tion-the highest personnel post in federal an's Award as one of the outstanding
government held by a woman-acknowl- women in Government in 1966. She is
edged a unique record of accomplishment recognized as a strong influence for ef-
during an eighteen-year-long association ficiency and economy in Government.
with the federal government's third largest
agency. Your consciousness of the equal Her personal efforts to advance equal
rights of women and minority groups in employment opportunity have been cited
matters of employment opportunity has been as contributing greatly to the Veterans'
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June 16, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
goods, with American flags and decorations,
drove mad the Pekinists."
Only two years ago, our FBI seized inter-
national Communist conspirators planning
to dynamite several of our national monu-
ments and the Statue of Liberty where there
always are crowds of tourists.
In criticizing extreme predictions of sum-
mer violence made by Dr. Martin. Luther
King, the prudent FBI director was protect-
ing all Americans.
No people can afford the denigration of
their outstanding public servants through
intellectual snobbery. Its few practitioners
reveal themselves as both undemocratic and
ungrateful,
Report From Washington
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT P. GRIFFIN
OF MICHIGAN
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent to have printed in
the Appendix of the RECORD the text of
a June 1967 newsletter which is being
mailed to constituents in Michigan.
There being no objection, the news-
letter was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
U.S. SENATOR BOB GRIFFIN REPORTS FROM
WASHINGTON
OUR FIGHT FOR CLEAN AIR
There is "overwhelming evidence" that air
pollution is linked to lung cancer, emphyse-
ma and other respiratory infections, accord-
ing to a report by the Surgeon General's
office.
Some startling statistics gathered by the
U.S. Public Health Service indicate the
scope of this growing peril :
135 million tons of airborne "garbage"
scattered into the nation's atmosphere
yearly.
$11 billion In property damage annually
as pollutants corrode metals: and machinery,
deface buildings and spoil crops.
In the next 14 years, the nation is expected
to burn as much gas and oil as it has con-
sumed in the previous 107 years.
It's no wonder Congress is searching hard
for better answers to the pollution problem.
But the battle Is so big that vigorous efforts
are urgently needed on the part of private
citizens as well as public agencies at all
levels.
On the Federal level, I believe Congress
should give antipollution forces much needed
strength and incentive by passing a bill,
which I have co-sponsored, to provide a
20-percent tax credit to those industries
which install effective pollution control
equipment.
Another method for cutting air pollution
is receiving widespread attention. I refer to
the growing demand for a practical electric
car. I believe our recent Senate hearings on
this subject have spurred auto and battery
manufacturers to new heights in the efforts
to make the modern-age electric car a reality.
In addition, there is encouraging news
that private industry is now working harder
than ever to develop a gasoline-powered
engine that will be pollution free.
VIET NAM AND VANDENBERG
Michigan's Senator Arthur Vandenberg,
Republican architect of non-partisan for-
eign policy, stood behind a Democratic Pres-
ident and declared, "Politics stops at the wa-
ter's edge."
When I was in Vietnam a year ago, 260,-
000 U.S. troops were committed to battle.
Now there are 500,000, and the number of
Americans killed has passed the 10,000 mark.
The conflict in Viet Nam is a confused,
bloody, expensive and unpopular labyrinth.
Casualities have continued to mount-and
so have criticisms of the Administration and
Its policies.
Of course, any American can dissent from
Administration policy. The right to disagree
is what America is all about.
However, I believe that In time of war
Republicans have a high responsibility to
leave politics at the water's edge. For the
most part, the Viet Nam debate in Congress
has served the national interest because it
has been non-partisan.
When Governor Romney spoke on Viet
Nam at Hartford, Connecticut, leaders in
both parties hailed his words. In saying-
"Let us pursue with strength the just
peace in South Viet Nam that our prayers
should so earnestly seek, and that may yet
be within our grasp.
"So doing, we can fulfill our role as the
'last best hope on earth...: "
-Romney spoke in the Vandenberg tradi-
tion: not as a politician, but as a dedicated
American.
19 VICTIM "FORGOTTEN MAN"?-CONGRESS
ZEROES IN ON CRIME PROBLEM
At long last Congress is giving the problem
of crime the national attention it so sorely
demands. A comprehensive Crime Commis-
sion report issued in February has docu-
mented these shocking statistics:
In 1965, there was 9,850 intentional kill-
ings, 22,467 forcible rapes, 118,916 robberies,
206,661 aggravated assaults and 1,173,201 bur-
glaries in the United States.
In addition, 762,352 larcenies and 486,568
motor vehicle thefts were committed.
Michigan has not been spared. Last year,
in Detroit alone, 131,777 known offenses were
committed-40 percent more than in 1965.
The Commission's report proclaims the
great need to combat not only "crime in the
streets" but also the intricacies of organized
crime and the spreading disease of narcotics.
Following publication of the report, a flurry
of anticrime legislation has been introduced
in Congress. Included are such bills as:
The President's Safe Streets and Crime
Control Act.
Measures to modify recent Supreme Court
rulings on the use of confessions.
Bills to outlaw wiretapping.
Legislation to provide more assistance for
state and local law enforcement agencies,
such as for the education of officers and the
purchase of modern equipment.
These measures are receiving Congressional
study. However, I have also been concerned
about the forgotten man in the crime pic-
ture. I refer to the crime victim.
I have introduced legislation to permit an
income tax deduction for all medical ex-
penses incurred as a result of a criminal act
and for theft losses. In addition, my bill
would allow a tax deduction of up to $300
for amounts invested by an individual for
certain crime prevention devices, such as
locks and burglar alarms.
Incidentally, although the Administration
has not yet indicated support for my bill, the
President's Commission said in its report that
"the general principle of victim, compensa-
tion ... is sound."
TAX FAX
The average American taxpayer spends
two hours and 25 minutes out of each eight-
hour working day just earning enough
money to pay his taxes, according to the
Tax Foundation.
Or, to put it another way, if he has worked
steadily all year, the average taxpayer finally
began working for himself about April 21.
All the money he earned until then goes to
pay his taxes.
Incidentally, if you paid as much as $4,281
in Federal income tax last year, you may be
interested to know that your "contribution"
A 3069
was just enough to keep the government
running for . one second.
Government statisticians say it takes
$4,281 to fuel the federal machine every sec-
ond of every day in the year, based on a $135
billion budget for fiscal 1968.
HELP FOR HOME OWNERSHIP
I have joined Sen. Charles Percy of Illi-
nois and 35 other Senators in sponsoring
revolutionary new legislation designed to
ease the housing crisis in our big cities.
The proposed National Home Ownership
Foundation Act has been developed as a
way to help lower income families who want
to help themselves.
Under the plan:
Prospective home owners would be called
upon to make a down payment in one of
two ways, either by a modest financial out-
lay or in the form of personal labor.
The Federal Government would set up a
foundation, guarantee debentures, provide
seed money, make technical assistance avail-
able and help carry out training and educa-
tion programs.
The local community and private enter-
prise would be working partners on the team.
The concept of home ownership is basic
to the American way of life. In my view, real-
istic policies which encourage home owner-
ship (such as FHA) have done more to com-
bat communism in America than the FBI,
the CIA and the Un-American Activities
Committee, all rolled together.
SOCIAL SECURITY RED TAPE
"Surely eight months is too long to wait."
Such a comment is all too familiar in the
flood of mail I have been receiving about
slow processing of Social Security and medi-
care claims.
A student who applied for dependents'
benefits complained that she had received
no payments from the time of her filing, in
September, 1966, until April, 1967.
One Michigan resident was not only eight
months behind in receiving reimbursement
under medicare-but in the confusion, his
Social Security retirement benefits were cut
off and his wife started receiving widow's
benefits.
Social Security is the major source of in-
come for about one-half of the beneficiaries
over 65. A delay of a month-or even a
week-is a serious blow to those who have
nowhere else to turn.
I have joined with several other Senators
in calling for a Senate investigation to dig
out the causes of such delays and to find
ways for improving the administration of
Social Security and medicare programs.
WHY TAX SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS?
When the Administration submitted its
Social Security program to Congress, it in-
cluded a proposal to tax Social Security and
railroad retirement benefits. Such a move
would penalize retirees by Imposing double
taxation on their efforts to build a retire-
ment income. For this reason, I have joined
Senator Everett Dirksen and others in spon-
soring a resolution to declare that "Social
Security and railroad retirement benefits
shall not be made subject to Federal income
taxes." I
Russia ? as : Efforts for Peace
or War?
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. MELVIN R. LAIRD
OF WISCONSIN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. LAIRD. Mr. Speaker, a very sig-
nificant column appeared in this morn-
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A 3070 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- APPENDIX
ing's Washington Post entitled "Russia
and Mideast: Efforts for Peace-or
War?" by the noted columnist Roscoe
Drummond.
Mr. Drummond calls "dangerous and
wishful fiction" the theory that the
"Soviets certainly helped avoid war at
this time." He traces the actions and
the attitude on the part of the Soviets
prior to and during the several days of
war and concludes that the Soviet Union
"helped start a war between Egypt and
Israel, did nothing to contain it until
Egypt was at the point of collapse, and
therein showed that it was prepared to
take the most perilous risk of starting a
conflict it could not stop."
Quite right, I think, Mr. Drummond
points out that "it is wiser to judge Soviet
policy on the basis of its actions rather
than on its words."
Mr. Speaker, under unanimous con-
sent I insert the very penetrating col-
umn by Roscoe Drummond in the Rsc-
ORD at this point:
RUSSIA AND MIDEAST-EFFORTS FOR PEACE-
OR WAR?
There is this theory on the Middle East
crisis: the Soviets certainly helped avoid war
at this time.
This, I am convinced, is dangerous and
wishful fiction that will get us in. trouble if
we don't watch out.
The premise on which this wishful idea is
being built is that the Soviets deliberately
decided that they would rather work with
the United States to contain the conflict
than to help Nasser win.
The hope behind this view of Moscow's
role in the Middle East crisis Is that the So-
viet government will join with the West in
encouraging the Arabs to adopt a policy of
peaceful coexistence with Israel.
It seems to me that what has happened
thus far does not bear out this premise or
give much substance to this hope.
I believe that the controlling facts are
these:
I-By every device at its command-mas-
sive military aid, substantial economic as-
sistance, plus total diplomatic support for
the Arabs and total hostility to Israel-Mos-
cow gave Nasser the go-ahead in his an-
nounced plan to destroy Israel. Was this
detente? Was this Moscow's way of cutting
back the cold war? Hardly. It was the most
dangerous cold war venture since Khru-
shchev tried to secrete missiles in Cuba.
2-Was the Soviet Union holding any
checkrein on Nasser and on what he would
do with the help he was getting from Mos-
cow? Was the Soviet Union thinking all
along on how well it could cooperate with
the United States to avert war or to contain
It if it broke out? There is no such evidence.
The evidence, as reported by Robert H. Esta-
brook, United Nations correspondent of The
Washington Post, is that Soviet military
equipment, especially spare parts, was being
poured into Cairo on the very eve of the war,
thus seeking to make sure that the Arabs
would not run out of supplies as the fighting
progressed.
3-Numerous news stories suggest that be-
cause Premier Kosygin told President John-
son over the Hot Line on the day the. started that he wanted to cooperate with
the United States In restraining the bel-
ligerents, this meant that the Soviets put
the highest premium on keeping the peace.
It is wiser to judge Soviet policy on the
basis of its actions rather than on its words.
The Sovietsdid not restrain the Arabs; only
Israel restrained the Arabs.
Some suggest that because Moscow finally
supported a U.N. call for a cease-fire with-
out any Israeli pullback, this meant that the
Soviets were acting with great prudence and
eagerness to avert a spreading conflict.
This conclusion is unproved because the
Soviets opposed the U.N. call for a cease-fire
in the earliest stages of the war when it
appeared that Nasser could win and accepted
it only when it became clear that Nasser was
losing.
The conclusion that Moscow was ready to
work with the United States to contain the
fighting is unproved because the necessity
for doing so never arose, Israel won the war
so quickly that the danger of the United
States and the U.S.S.R. being drawn into it
never developed and therefore the events of
the past week cast little light on how pru-
dently Moscow would have acted under dif-
ferent circumstances.
Obviously the Soviet Union wants no direct
military confrontation with the United
States and most certainly does not want
world war. But the truth Is that it helped
start a war between Egypt and Israel, did
nothing to Contain it until Egypt was at the
point of collapse, and therein showed that
it was prepared to take the most perilous
risk of starting a conflict it could not stop.
It would be a welcome dividend If Moscow
decided to work for peace instead of conflict
in the Middle East. But the record shows
we had better not count on it.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR.
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, I
ask unaimous consent to have printed in
the Appendix of the RECORD an article en-
titled "A Vietnam Missile Crisis?" writ-
ten by Rowland Evans and Robert Novak,
and published in the Washington Post of
June 11, 1967.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
A VIETNAM MISSILE CRISIS? UNITED NATIONS
OFFICIALS WARN U.S. THAT RUSSIA PLANS
To ESCALATE WAR WIva MEDIUM MISSILES
(By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak)
Worrisome evidence is building up that the
Soviet Union has decided to escalate the
Vietnam war by introducing medium-range
missiles, possibly triggering a Vietnamese
missile crisis.
Officials at-the highest level in the United
Nations are going out of their way to warn
the United States Informally of Soviet in-
tentions. These officials--obviously talking
from knowledge-say North Vietnamese tech-
nicians are being trained in Russia to handle
and fire medium-range ground-to-ground
ballistic missiles.
Furthermore, United States intelligence,
using highly sensitive airborne cameras, is
all but convinced that recent Soviet cargoes
into North Vietnam contained such missiles.
Expert photo-analysts made this judgment
by scrutininzing blow-ups of the configura-
tion of the visible part.of the cargo-just as
they accurately identified missiles on Soviet
vessels during the Cuban missile crisis of
1962.
When fully operable, the Intermediate
missiles could be fired from north of the 17th
parallel, the North-South Vietnam border,
into Saigon. No one, however, knows when
that time will come. It depends on whether
the Soviet Union would permit Russians to
handle the monstrous weapons, or insist on
waiting until the North Vietnamese became
trained.
June 16, .1967
A footnote: A possible explanation for
Poland's anti-Israeli stand may be its in-
creasingly firm alliance with East Germany,
which has been currying favor with the Arab
states.
4 -Winning the
SPEECH
OF
HON. SEYMOUR HALPERN
OF NEW YORK
IN THE. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, June 15, 1967
Mr. HALPERN, Mr. Speaker, the brave
and valiant Israelis-men, women and
children of all ages-have amazed the
world with their determined might. They
not only have thrown back their enemies,
but have pushed them far into the Arab's
own territories.
Israel prowess, her will and her deter-
mination have won the admiration of
freedom-loving people everywhere. And
there is no question but that Israel has
even won the respect, begrudging as it
may be, of her bitterest enemies,
Unlike the Arabs, whose repeatedly
stated objective has been one of destruc-
tion, a vow reflected so vividly by the
Nasser crisis which brought war to the
Middle East, Israel seeks only to live in
security and peace, and in cooperation
with her neighbors. In this war, as in the
hostilities of 1956, Israel sought only to
defend her land, protect her people and
their freedom.
The fundamental issues remain un-
changed.
In obvious desperation, as a cover for
the devastating Arab military defeats,
Nasser and his stooges claim the United
States secretly fought much of Israel's
battle. We know only too well this is not
so. We have proved it is not so. But Nas-
ser keeps repeating it-typical of his
Hitler-like big-lie technique, and typical
of his wild and blatant irresponsibility.
Then the Egyptian dictator com-
pounded his belligerence and vindictive-
ness by cutting off diplomatic relations
with the United States.
All this is quite ironic, to say the least,
because, to the dismay of many Ameri-
cans and contrary to our long-standing
legal and moral commitments, reiterated
repeatedly by four of our Presidents-
and no nation could have been more re-
assured by our pledges than Israel-our
State Department had announced a pol-
icy of neutrality.
The Department's official position was
that the United States would be "neutral
in thought, word and deed." How ridicu-
lous was this statement. Oh yes, it was
later modified to say they meant "non-
belligerence.,'
Israel did not ask us to be belligerent,
but we owed it to her to be steadfast in
our allegiance, to be unequivocal in our
support, to be true to our commitments.
When the showdown came, there was
too much quibbling as to the exact lan-
guage, the real meaning, of our commit-
ments-as if there should be any ques-
tion of its application. Then, to top this,
came the startling State Department
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June 16, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD APPENDIX
statement. Israel was left standing alone.
All of us were left frustrated, bewildered.
But Israel stood,,up to its greatest chal-
lenge, met It bravely, and right prevailed.
And now, we hear wild acclaim for
Israel's armies-how great the victory
was.. How magnificent those Israelis are
on the battlefield. You have got to hand
it to those Jews. We even hear how the
United States ought to retain Moishe
Dayan to run our Defense Department.
All this is well and good. But where
do we go from here? Is this admiration
and newly won support just to be super-
ficial, or is it to have real meaning?
Is our Government going to heed our
voices, the voices of the vast majority
of the American people?
Or are we going to crawl back into the
State Department shells and let the
striped-pants boys continue to guide U.S.
policy?
We should have learned our lesson a
long time ago. You cannot appease
Nasser or his stooges, nor can you rea-
son with stubborn resistance to reality
by assuming a weak position and main-
taining a policy lacking in firmness.
The time has come when our Govern-
ment should forget about currying favor
with the Arabs. Instead, we should take
the leadership in the community of na-
tions to Insist on a settlement on terms
that will not leave the way open for
further threats to Israel and to world
peace; that we must have a settle-
ment that will not bring a new crisis,
another war, and another cease-fire.
There must not be just another armi-
stice. Two armistices, those of 1947 and
1956, have failed. A third, leaving the
basic disputes unresolved, would stand
no better chance. In any league, three
strikes are out. The world cannot risk
a third strike in the Middle East.
The mistakes and failures of 1946 and
1957 must not be repeated.
In 1957, after the Sinai campaign,
Israel's withdrawal of forces was based
on her acceptance of four major assump-
tions, reinforced by recognized princi-
ples of international law.
First, the Suez would remain open to
Israel's shipping.
Second, the Strait of Tiran and the
Gulf of Aqaba would be international
waters, guaranteeing to all nations the
rights of free passage.
Third, the Gaza strip would not be
under the United Arab Republic, but
would be protected by United Nations
Emergency Forces.
Fourth, efforts would be made to move
toward a relaxing of tensions and peace.
We all know only too well the syn-
thetic meaning of those agreements Is-
rael accepted in good faith in 1957.
The simple fact now remains that Is-
rael cannot be expected to go back to the
status quo-where there has been no
peace and the declared design of her
neighbors has continually been to de-
stroy her.
Now the Israelis doubtless are not
going to evacuate the Arab areas they
hold without firmer assurances than
they had before, underwritten by inter-
national guarantees to protect Israel's
sovereignty as a nation, to secure nor-
malized and realistic borders and free
passage through the Gulf of Aqaba and
the Suez Canal.
Israel must also have more satisfac-
tion and cooperation in dealing with
other issues, such as the refugee prob-
lem, water rights and meaningful restor-
ation of International peacekeeping
forces.
No withdrawal can be expected of Is-
rael without these completely new con-
ditions of peace and stability.
The United States is committed to re-
sist aggression and defend freedom.
How often have we heard' that. I won't
even bring up the question of whether
Saigon is more sacred than Jerusalem.
But I do maintain we can still give mean-
ing to these words. We can yet redeem
our pledges to Israel. What we did, or
failed to do, is behind us. We now have
the opportunity to fulfill our commit-
ment to Israel by standing up for Israel's
rights in the peace settlement to come.
Despite her glorious victories, despite
her peaceful goals, despite the enthusias-
tic support of people throughout the
world, the fact remains Israel can still
lose on the diplomatic front.
She desperately needs the unqualified
support of the United States and most
of the other big powers to help win a
settlement that will bring a lasting peace.
She must have strong allies. She must
have the United States at her side in
the struggle for diplomatic achievement
of her goals for survival and for the
future economic and social development
of her neighbors.
Israel has the right to expect from
the community of nations a new era.
But this new era can only be consum-
mated by statesmanship leading to the
general peace settlement. That is when
the expert skill and power of U.S. diplo-
macy is needed so badly and must be
forthcoming.
We can take immediate leadership in
the world community by moving our em-
bassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. This
simple change can be a symbol of our
support for a future with no false boun-
daries, no divided cities, no built-in
points of crisis and tension.
And there must be a satisfactory re-
solution of the confused questions of
.boundaries. The solution should include
realistic territorial adjustments-in keep-
ing with historic and -strategic require-
ments.
All of Jerusalem must remain within
Israel's borders.
There must be inclusion within Israel's
boundaries of the Syrian and Jordanian
hills overlooking Israel's previous shaky
borders.
There must be transit rights for Is-
rael ships and the ships of all nations
through the Suez Canal and the Gulf of
Aqaba.
There must be guarantees for these
territorial and shipping rights through
meaningful international authority.
There must be direct talks between
the nations involved, and especially
there should be direct attempts to find
agreeable solutions to the refugee prob-
lem. And, in this regard, the United Na-
tions could cooperate toward the peace-
ful resettlement of the Arab refugees In
A 3071
lands where they can find opportunities.
I would like to see a concept of a con-
federation of Arabs and Israelis to work
toward finding solutions of their time-
worn problems and toward mutual re-
gional goals.
There must be serious, high-level talks
between the United States and the So-
viets, Surely, the Soviets must now recog-
nize that their $3 billion worth of arms to
the Arabs has hardly been a good invest-
ment and its repetition would not offer
the most likely means to stabilize Soviet
influence in the Middle East. There must
be recognition of the fact that renewal
of the Mideast arms race would be in-
consistent with the efforts the United
States and the Soviets are making toward
a nonproliferation agreement.
And of paramount importance to the
peace settlement, there must be Arab
recognition of Israel's sovereignty. No.
settlement with the Arabs could be ef-
fective unless it embodies acceptance of
Israel's statehood and rejects the fiction
of its nonexistence.
An important challenge for our coun-
try is its promotion of stability through
assistance to the Middle East as a re-
gion, through encouragement of coopera-
tion among all the nations of that area.
We are thankful for Israel's military
might in repelling cruel forces of hatred
and aggression. But Israel can achieve
its true destiny only through reconcilia-
tion with the Arabs and achievement of
their mutual destinies in the Middle
East. A future In which Israel's develop-
ment techniques, in making the deserts
bloom, in medicine and education are
shared with its neighbors.
The Arabs must overcome neurotic re-
sentments. Perhaps the shock treatment
of defeat will bring them to accept the
performance of Israel and to develop
jointly a new relationship for mutual
welfare and progress.
Any other course will lead to new bit-
terness, new tensions and more war-
perhaps a less controllable, more destruc-
tive war, one involving the entire world.
American diplomacy must arrive at a
working arrangement with Russia to
prevent a new confrontation. The Soviet
Union must be made to understand the
consequences of seeking domination of
the Middle East by using Israelis as the
scapegoats 'and the Arabs as tools.
And the United States on the other
hand must help to bring reform and
progress to the Arab world by encourag-
ing democratic elements, rather than
working through bigoted, despotic, and
feudalistic rulers.
I strongly believe that our Government
should announce a broad emergency eco-
nomic assistance program for Israel to
help rebuild the devastation the war has
caused within its borders. And, if the
Arabs show a willingness to work toward
regional cooperation, then in the name
of humanity we should consider assist-
ing their countries in the reconstruction
that lies ahead.
Mr. Speaker, It Is not surprising that
the Arab antagonists have pursued a
course at the diplomatic level designed
to overcome their losses at the military
level. They must not succeed, for the
sake of Israel, or the sake of the United
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX June 16, 1967
States, for the sake of freedom, for the
sake of humanity. The United States
must stand by Israel steadfastly, to win
the realistic diplomatic victory that is
so vital for a lasting peace. Our Gov-
ernment must be unequivocal toward this
objective.
Condemnation of Army Sanction of Unof-
ficial Rituals Involving Use of Alcohol
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. STROM THURMOND
OF SOUTH CAROLINA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. THURMOND, Mr. President, the
people of South Carolina and the Nation
were shocked and saddened to learn re-
cently of the death of Lt. Ronald Greer
Reeves, of Charleston, S.C. This young
officer's death was the direct result of
an Army initiation event involving the
use of alcoholic beverages.
All of us recognize the value of various
rituals in building esprit de corps in mili-
tary units, but I feel that very few of us
would feel that the use of alcohol in such
rituals would serve any useful purpose
at all. There are many tests of manhood,
and it appears that Lieutenant Reeves
had met them all. The very fact that he
had abstained from the use of alcoholic
beverages made him the more vulnerable
to them.
Mr. President, I feel that the Army as
well as other Departments of the armed
services should immediately take what-
ever steps are necessary to remove sanc-
tion, official or otherwise, to events of the
type which occurred at Fort Bragg, N.C.,
and resulted in the death of Lieutenant
Reeves.
. An editorial which goes right to the
heart of this matter was published In the
June 3, 1967, issue of the State news-
paper in Columbia, S.C. Editor William
D. Workman entitled his editorial "Meas-
uring Manhood." His succinct treatment
of this tragic event should be posted on
every troop information board in the
U.S. Army. Moreover, such counsel on
conduct should be coming from the com-
manders of our men in uniform. The
Army is walking a tightrope in this en-
tire matter, and I think it is past time
the responsible officers at the top levels of
command go on record in this area with-
out any equivocation in opposing the use
of alcohol in events of this nature.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the editorial by Mr. Workman
and an article entitled " 'Prop Blast'
Party Said Cause of Officer's Death,"
published in the May 4, 1967, issue of the
Fayetteville, N.C., Observer, be printed
in the Appendix of the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
and editorial were ordered to be printed
in the RECORD, as follows:
[From the Fayetteville (N.C.) Observer, May
4, 1987)
"PROP BLAST" PARTY SAID CAUSE OF OFFICER'S
DEATH
(By Pat Reese)
A six-man coroner's jury Wednesday night
held that a 23-year-old Army lieutenant died
in April as the result of drinking too much
champagne and vodka at a "prop blasting"
party at Ft. Bragg.
The jury also ruled that evidence shows no
probable cause for criminal charges against
anyone connected with the traditional Air-
borne party.
The inquest had been ordered by Coroner
Alph Clark into the death of Lt. Ronald
Reeves who died in his room at a Hay St.
apartment house.
HEARING LENGTHY
The hearing lasted five hours as Superior
Court Solicitor Doran Berry painstakingly
questioned witnesses about that April 14th
party at the Castle Hill Annex.
Members of Reeves' family sat behind
Berry and Lumberton attorney John W.
Campbell, employed as private counsel to aid
the solicitor in the hearing.
Lt. Joseph Patrick O'Connor Ill, executive
officer of a battery of the 320th Artillery, 82nd
Airborne Division, was first to testify and he
said he had been named in an "order" from
the 320th headquarters as "sponsor" for
Reeves, a fellow artillery officer, at the party.
He explained that a "prop blasting" was a
traditional ceremony for membership in an
unofficial club for officers who "become Air-
borne."
TWENTY-THREE TOOK PART
There were 28 officers who were eligible for
the "prop blasting" and they were named in
the order. Col. Harry Rusham, 320th com-
mander, later testified that only 23 actually
participated in the ceremony,
O'Connor, a West Point graduate, said the
"blastees" wore fatigue uniforms for the
party while the sponsors, the members of a
mock board and other persons involved were
clad in Class A dress uniforms.
The initiates wore helmets and mock para-
chutes as they were ushered one by one into
the room where the initiation took place.
There was a simulated "jump" from a plane
and the "blastees" reported to the president
of the board (Col. Rusham).
The blastees then picked up the "blasting
cup" (a GI bucket) and held it to their lips
and drank while the members of the board
counted: "One thousand, two thousand, three
thousand, four thousand."
The initiates were supposed to begin
drinking of the mixture of vodka and cham-
pagne and continue without stopping until
the count ended.
. SPILLED SOME
O'Connor said Reeves spilled a considerable
amount of the liquor on his uniform as he
drank the first time and the group present
voted for him to repeat the procedure. He re-
turned to the end of the line.
When his turn came again, O'Connor testi-
fled, he once again drank from the blasting
cupand once again spilled some of the liquid
on his uniform. But this time, according to
the lieutenant, the board decided to pass him
and let him, sign the prop blasting book
which would make him a member of the
club.
However, "someone" in the partly pointed
out that Reeves' chin strap was not proper.
O'Connor said that the young officer insisted
that he repeat the procedure because he
"wanted to be sure he was 100 per cent
correct." The board gave him permission.
He drank from the cup once again and
then signed the book. Seconds later, accord-
ing to O'Connor, the initiate was led from
the building by several officers, including
O'Connor.
O'Connor said Reeves was unconscious
when they arrived outside and that those
officers helping agreed that he should be
taken to Womack Army Hospital.
O'Connor and an artillery captain put
Reeves in a car and started to the hospital
with him. However, O'Connor said, they
stopped on the way and Reeves became
sick.
"He appeared to be getting better .. .
and we decided the best thing for him was
a. good night's sleep," O'Connor stated. He
and the other officer, a Cirpt. Ifing, drove on
to Reeves apartment where he was undressed
and placed in his bed.
O'Connor said he returned to Ft. Bragg and
then went back to the apartment where he
decided to spend the night to be sure Reeves
would be all right.
FOUND HIM DEAD
The next morning, O'Connor said, he dis-
covered that Reeves was not breathing. He
ran for help and ambulance attendants said
the officer was dead when they arrived.
Maj. Robert E. Jones, pathologist at Wo-
mack Army Hospital testified that Reeves
died of aspiration resulting from material
and water that clogged the air tubes in his
lungs.
Maj. Jones said there was an unusually
high content of alcohol in the dead man's
blood, that the content found in the exami-
nation indicated that the lieutenant was in
a "stupor" at the time of his death.
He said normally the reflexes of persons in
the "stupor stage" failed to function prop-
erly. He said he believes that the valves that
close the air tubes failed to respond properly
as Reeves was regurgitating and that the
material from his stomach was sucked into
the tubes.
NOT OFFICIAL ORDER
Col. Rusham testified that the "order" an-
nouncing the prop blasting party was "not
an official order."
The 320th commander said the order was
prepared in the division artillery headquar-
ters but it was not "official," that the per-
sons named did not have to participate if
they did not wish to.
Col, Rusham said seven bottles of cham-
pagne and five bottles of vodka were mixed
together in a 10-gallon GI slop bucket for
the blasting drink.
The colonel said he did not know Reeves
"personally" but that he does remember. the
young officer because of his "spirit and esprit
de corps" during the ceremony.
Rusham said the prop blasting parties
have been held in the Airborne since 1940
and that they have become a tradition. He
testified that no man was required by the
Army or by any individual officer to par-
ticipate in the ceremony.
Lt. David J. Odom, a Medical Services
officer who testified that he was named In
the prop blasting order to serve as a mock
medic, said he felt the pulse of Lt. Reeves
when the officer was first taken from the
building.
"it was weak," he said, "and his com-
plexion was pale. I felt that he should go
to the hospital."
Members of Reeves' family including a
psychiatrist, Dr. J. M. Bennett, testified that
the 23-year-old Clemson College graduate
had never been known to drink or smoke
in his hometown of Charleston, S.C.
"In fact," Dr. Reeves said, he had told
me last Christmas that he had "tasted"
liquor but that he did not like it.
"The family just would like to know what
caused this young man, who only last Christ-
mas said he did not like liquor, that it held
nothing for him, could four months later
be dead as a result of drinking too much
liquor."
The jury deliberated less than 15minutes
before returning its verdict of "no probable
cause."
[From the Columbia (S.C.) State, June 3,
1967)
MEASURING MANHOOD
The Army, more's the pity, still has its
quota of individuals who feel that the meas-
ure of a man lies in his ability to "hold his
liquor."
It was just that sort of attitude which
seems responsible for the tragic death re-
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- ...~
- rrr;
committee reports make any reference to the
coverage (as a physician's service) of tele-
phone conversations for any purpose between
a physician and his patient.
We believe there are sound professional, as
well as program reasons for not including
telephone conversations between physicians
and patients, including those in which the
physician provides advice or instruction to
or on behalf of a patient, as covered "physi-
cians' services" under the medical Insurance
program. We have, for example, been advised
by our professional medical consultant group
that there is no uniform practice among
physicians with regard to charging for medi-
cal advice furnished in the course of a tele-
phone conversation. While our consultants
did indicate that some individual physicians
in some localities charge patients for tele-
phone advice, it is clear that the general prac-
tice among physicians throughout the coun-
try is not to charge for telephone advice. In
addition, examination of the practices of
some of the major private health insurance
companies and the Blue Shield Plans reveals
that the practice among private health in-
surance organizations is to_ exclude charges
for telephone advice from coverage under
these private plans. Accordingly, both physi-
cians and patients could generally be expected
to understand the distinction between
covered physicians' services and the non-
coverage of telephone charges.
We regret that there was a misunderstand-
Ing about the statement on page 18 of the There is this theory on the Middle East
booklet, Your Medicare Handbook, to which crisis: the Soviets certainly helped avoid war
Mr. referred. The statement "wh
t th
erever a
e time
.
furnished" is intended to point out that the This, I am convinced, is dangerous and
physical setting in which the physician fur- wishful fiction that will get us in trouble if
flushes his professional services in person we don't watch out.
would have no effect upon the coverage of The premise on which this wishful idea is
his services. It states in pertinent part as fol- being built is that the Soviets deliberately
lows: "Benefits may be paid for the medical decided that they would rather work with the
services you receive from a physician wher- United States to contain the conflict than to
ever they are furnished-in a hospital, in an help Nasser win.
extended care facility or nursing home, in The hope behind this view of Moscow's role
his office, in your home, or in a clinic." When in the Middle East crisis is that the Soviet
the Handbook is revised, an appropriate clad-
ove
g
rnment will joiith
n w the West in en-
fication of this statement will be considered. couraging the Arabs to adopt a policy of
Sincerely yours,
ROBERT M. BALL, It see me that peaceful coexistence with Israel.
Commissioner of Social Security. thus farms
does not bear o tathisspemisenor
PATIENTS MAY WISH TO DISCUSS SUCH CHARGES give much substance to this hope.
WITH THEIR DOCTORS I believe that the controlling facts are
Mr. Speaker, in view of the fact that these:
1 ~ eve at Its command--
it is somewhat rare, according to this re- si a
military aid,isub tantial economic mas-
port, for physicians to charge their sistance, plus total diplomatic support for the
patients for telephone advice, and in view Arabs and total hostility to Israel-Mos-
of the fact that it is the general practice cow gave Nasser the go-ahead in his an-
not to make such charges, and in view flounced plan to destroy Israel. Was this
of the fact that they are disallowed by detente? Was this Moscow's way of cutting
the major private health insurance com- back the cold war? Hardly. It was the most dang
war V
enture panes, by Blue Shield, and now by So- shchevotried oto secrete missiles sIncCub .
Khru-ecur sseemcial to me t aunr t when suchra~ chit would 2. Was arge is checkrein one NsSovt Union ser and on what he holding would
any
made, the patient might mention these do with the help he was getting from Mos-
facts to the doctor. cow? Was the Soviet Union thinking all
At least I hope there will be some at- along on how well it would cooperate with
tention paid in the medical press as well rtle
If it broke united state? to avert war or to contain
as in the general press, to the facts in The evidence, as reported by Robert H. Esta-
the report I have received from the So- brook, United Nations correspondent of the
cial Security Administration. Washington Post, is that Soviet military
An individual who has had thousands equipment, especially spare parts, was being
of dollars in medical fees and hospital warre thinto Ciro on e ver of the
us se king to make sure evethat the
bills following major surgery is not go- Arabs would not run out of supplies as the
ing to find a $4 fee for a telephone con- fighting progressed.
sultation to change a prescription the 3. Numerous news stories suggest that be-
difference between solvency and bank- cause Premier Kosygin told President John-
ruptcy, but this $4 added to other items son over the Hot Line on the day the fighting
disallowed for one reason or another in a started that he wanted to cooperate with the
large bill is exactly the kind of thing United States in restraining the belligerents,
Which infuriates people. Under the cir- this meant that the Soviets put the highest
cumstances, physicians making such premium on keeping the peace.
charges might consider waiving them It IS wiser to j
f its rater thSoviet policy on the basis
words.
its except in cases of real abuse or, if they The Soviets did not restrain the Arabs; only
feel the charges are justified, they should Israel restrained, the Arabs.
Baccalaureate Address of Hon. Stanley S.
Surrey
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. AL ULLMAN
OF OREGON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, June 13, 1967
Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would
like to bring to the attention of.my col-
leagues the baccalaureate address of the
Honorable Stanley S. Surrey, Assistant
Secretary of the Treasury, delivered
June 8 to the graduating class at the
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy,
N.Y.
Many of us know Stan Surrey for his
preeminence in the field of tax law and
policy. Secretary Surrey is also a gifted
speaker. His remarks on the responsibili-
ties and challenges of the future were
well received by the ?1,200 graduates at
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Secretary Surrey's address had a par-
ticular significance for the Ullman fam-
ily. Our son, Kenneth, was the grand
marshal-president-of the class of
1967.
Sejretary Surrey's speech follows:
BACCALAUREATE ADDRESS OF THE HONORABLE
STANLEY S. SURREY, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF
THE TREASURY, AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTE, TROY, N.Y., JUNE 8, 1967
This is a day of accomplishment for the
class of 1967. The work of college years is
over, the goal of membership in the society
of educated men and women has been won,
the bachelor's degree is yours for life. These
accomplishments are laurels earned-but not
laurels to rest upon. This is also a day of chal-
lenge-of an accomplishment swiftly turned
into a question.
The question-and the ch
ll
a
engeis
- simply put: What will you do With your col-
lege education? It is a question neither easily
answered, nor only put once. It will recur
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ty 1X A 3065
certainly work through their profeg- Some suggest that because Moscow finally
sional organizations to have the policy supported a U.N. call for a cease-fire without
changed on the treatment of such any Israeli pullback, this meant that the
charges by all of the various health in- Soviets were acting with great prudence and
surance programs. eagerness to avert a spreading conflict.
This conclusion is unproved because the
Soviets opposed the U.N. call for a cease-fire
In the earliest stages of the war when it ap-
peared that Nasser could
i
w
n and acceptd it
e east only When it became clear that Nasser was
l
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR.
osing.
The conclusion that Moscow was ready to
work with the United States to contain the
fighting is unproved because the necessity
for doing so never arose. Israel won the war
so quickly that the danger of the United
e
s an, Uie U.S.S.R. being drawn into it
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES never
developed and therefore the events of
Friday, June 16, 1967 the past week cast little light on how pru-
dently Moscow would have acted under dif-
Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, ferent circumstances.
I ask unanimous consent to have printed Obviously the Soviet Union wants no direct
in the Appendix of the RECORD an article military confrontation with the United States
entitled "Russia and the Mideast," writ- B
and most does want war.
ut the truth islthat itnhelped startla war
ten by Roscoe Drummond, and published between Egypt and Israel, did nothing to
in the Washington Post of June 15, 1967. contain It until Egypt was at the point of
There being no objection, the article collapse, and therein showed that it was pre-
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, pared to take the most perilous risk of start-
as follows: ing a conflict it could not stop.
RUSSIA AND MIDEAST: EFFORTS FOR PEACE OR __It would be a welcome dividend if Mos-
 A 3066
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX June 16, 1967
again and again as the years go by-What
are you doing with your education, with your
life? And over the years this challenge be-
comes even more insistent if one sees ahead
that confrontation at the end when chal-
lenge turns to a summation-What have you
done with your education, with your life?
But today is also a day of challenge for
your speaker. What does he any across the
years to your class, your generation? Can he
communicate with you at all? Or the more
painful question has he anything to com-
municate about? Can his retrospection in
any way have meaning and aid as you face
forward? Can a recollection of things past
be of any value in telling of the world of
your future years? -
Nor is my problem aided by the parallel to
that refrain from the musical, "The King
and I", where Anna watches the young
couples dancing and, thinking through the
years, sings "Hello young lovers, whoever you
are ... I've been in love like you." For I
too once graduated from college and the
years have not at all dimmed my memory of
how I regarded speakers at my Commence-
ment. I wondered then how can they help
me-they have forgotten and do not under-
stand what our problems and concerns are,
they speak a different idiom and live in a
different world. And so today I have the
haunting doubts, fed by such past memories,
that I may only be describing my present
concerns and attitudes and in no way re-
sponding to your concerns.
But haunting' doubts are not enough to
dissuade me. For at least I feel that my at-
titudes and concerns-shared by many of -my
generation-should be a part of that chal-
lenge you face. I am selfish enough to want
to make you think about the tasks I would
like to set for you, and about some of the
responses I would like to see made to that
challenge. So if I do not directly address your
concerns, remember I have set myself a dlf-
ferent target.
Let me place my cards-and biases-upon
the podium. I am a lawyer by profession. I
have practiced that profession mainly in
Government Service and teaching in law
schools, but with tasks now and then that
led me to other countries and to private con-
sultation. My specific field is taxation and
tax policy. Some may regard it as a dry, tech-
nical specialty-I find it a wonderful van-
tage point from which to observe the con-
flicts of interest in our society. It also brings
me, in my present occupation, in daily con-
tact with the Congress, which provides-me
with a vantage point to observe the ways by
which our democracy solves its day-to-day
problems and deeper issues. I have served
more than twenty years in the Federal Gov-
ernment-and all of those years were under
Democratic Presidents, in fact under all our
last four Democratic Presidents. With these
disclosures, I now come back to you.
We can start with material aspects. This
is a splendid period for you to begin your
professional careers. It is a period of ma-
terial abundance for our nation unsurpassed
in our history or that of any country. We are
in our seventh straight year since 1961 of
expansion in our economy-certainly one of
the longest on record. Jobs are plentiful for
persons with skills, and the salaries are in-
viting. Business profits are high. Unemploy-
ment is at a comparatively low level, under
four percent. Moreover, our Government is
pledged to keeping unemployment low and
the rate of economic growth high, and to the
affirmative use of all fiscal and monetary
tools requisite for achieving these ends. You
thus enter your careers with a commitment
by society that you will lead a comfortable
life as respects material goods. This is, by the
way, quite a contrast to the outlook for my
law school class which graduated in the
depths of the Great Depression of the
Thirties.
This is especially a splendid period for
your choice of profession. For this is an age
of science and technology. You are the golden
boys. It is an age when society is proud of its
abilities in these fields, and has limitless faith
in the capacity of its scientists and engineers
to make ever faster progress. Its confidence
In you and your talents is greater, I believe,
than in any other group. In keeping with
these attitudes it showers abundance upon
your activities. Funds for scientific research
in universities are generous. Our large busi-
ness firms are committed to ample research
and development budgets that span the spec-
trum from pure research through technology
to the end product. Small enterprises founded
by independent spirits with a new idea or a
new technology or a new product can flourish
and grow.
And so I say you are the golden boys.
But-and here one can see the first cutting
edge of challenge--the hands that accept
all these coins of the realm are entering
upon a bargain with society. For society as-
sumes that these same hands are offering a
pledge of responsiblity in return. It is proud
of you, generous to you, confident in you-
but it wants, indeed expects, your talents to
be used for the national good. You should
not underestimate the depth and firmness
of that expectation. But you are fortunate
that opportunities lie all around you to
meet that expectation.
For this is an age of excitement and glori-
ous new opportunities for the roleof science
and technology in our national life. Many of
the problems we used to catalogue under
human relationships andto consider as lo-
cal in concern have almoe:t suddenly become
great national issues. The human problems
of race and civil rights and poverty and
juvenile delinquency merge and join at
countless points with the physical problems
of urban life. Individual concerns Intersect
everywhere with urban building, urban hous-
ing and urban transportation. These are
massive problems that can only be solved
by the coordinated and systematic approaches
that science and technology can offer. In edu-
cation we are seeing the curtain opening on
a wide expanse of new methods of learning
and teaching as we seek to harness our
burgeoning technology to this field. Nor can
we -speak only of the opportunities in this
country, for this is also an age of global par-
ticipation. The fruits of our technological
knowledge spread inevitably through the less
developed world, sped by the progress in
communication and transportatoin. And
then there is all of atmosphere and space
and depth being opened to our exploration.
But clearly I need not go on, for to tell
you of the glorious opportunities for science
and technology is, If one can use a sixteenth
century technological phrase in this modern
context, surely to bring coals to Newcastle.
Of, if you wish we could characterize it in
terms of even an earlier technological age,
and use the first century B.C. phrase of
"carrying timber into a wood". You must
have perceived all this and more here at
school and are ready to show the world
what awaits it.
But again, the cutting edge of challenge-
you have the ability to contribute to re-
moving the Ills of society in so many ways.
However, ability also begets responsibility,
and rouses expectation. And yet once more
you are fortunate, for that expectation can
be met by following paths in the business
world that many of you will take.
For this "is an age of the involvement of
business In our social problems. The involve-
ment is not philanthropic and fortunately
so, for if it were it would not be capable of
success. It would lack the well-spring of the
profit motive, the incentive that harnesses
the energies of the private sector and drives
it to overcoming tremendous obstacles.
The involvement is profit-seeking. It rec-
ognizes that in the search for solutions to
our urban problems and our social ills lies
major growth opportunities for the business
sector. To say there are profits to be made
out of curing poverty, urban slums, inade-
quate education, pollution, inadequate medi-
cal care, undernourishment in so many less
fortunate countriesand this list could be
still longer-is not in any way to detract
from- the participation of business. There
were profits to be made out of spanning the
continent with railroads when that was our
national need, or out of clipper ships when
they served a national goal. Those profits
assured the success of the tasks. Business
has generally earned its profits by meeting
human needs. Today, with a large part of
our material needs amply met for a great
number of us, the goals must be in meeting
the needs of those that are not so fortunate
and in meeting the needs of the social order.
That is where are action is and that is where
business will inevitably become involved.
There is still another offering the world
has for you at this time. This Is an age of
innovation, and innovation belongs most of
all to the young in mind and heart and
outlook. It is impossible for us to compre-
hend and absorb the unprecedented pace of
invention and change that is all around us,
for our daily life goes on with one day not
remarkably different from its yesterday. We
can look up and realize that an astronaut
is whirling through space, yet our daily tasks
continue in familiar form. So it must have
been for men in Europe when Columbus dis-
covered this continent, but we know how
different the world became with the dis-
covery. - And so the inability now fully to
grasp the effects of momentous events does
not take away pur feeling that we are living
through a period of great change because
of the rapidity of innovation.
An age of innovation should be an age of
the open mind. For you who work in science
this should be an obvious and agreeable
precept. Science is necessarily revisionary in
spirit and practice-it moves forward by
questioning old truths and formulating the
transient new truths that in turn inevitably
yield their sway. I need not underscore all
this for you. But-and once more the cut-
ting edge of challenge intrudes-will these
same minds be open to other challenges, to
innovation elsewhere.
Your opportunities-and your responsi-
bilities-I have said will lead you to apply-
ing science and technology to curing our
social ills. You will, I have said, find your
business associates in private enterprise en-
gaged in the same endeavors. But you will
also find men from other disciplines engaged
in these fields-the social scientists, the
economists, the jourialists, the lawyers, the -
clergy, the philosophers. Will your minds be
open to them? It isn't as easy at It may
seem-their learning is not of the same con-
tent or structure as yours. Their variables
are far different and far less manageable.
Consider for a moment that we can easily
pinpoint a target area on the moon, yet
economists cannot forecast the state of our
economy a few months ahead without the
possibility of considerable error. We do not
know what really motivates businesmen to
invest in a project; what will be the reac-
tions and consequences for work incentives
it we provide people with a guaranteed in-
come; what is the best way to achieve the
education of the underprivileged; what is
the best way to cope with criminal behavior-
and on and on. These disciplines are strug-
gling with man and his motivations and his
goals. Will you be able to participate with
them, see their hypotheses, understand their
doubts? Our chances for success in solving
our social ills turn on the answer.
You will meet with more than men of
other disciplines-you will meet with Gov-
ernment. You will find that Government
has a will of its own, the collective will of
our society. At its best you will find it more
innovative and daring and imaginative than
you and your associates in private enterprise.
Will you be able to accept its leadership with
an open mind, and offer it your talents?
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Appendix
_ .-0.- ??? - -?" ????~'? "? `~ -uc++.avia tv. .Lay z4, I967-nearly 2 weeks before
the Middle East lishing an effective cease-fire respected the armed conflict erupted.
b
l
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
y a
l parties in order to stop the tragic My .earlier statement follows:
killing and destruction of these past PEACE AND STABILITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST
days; providing emergency relief for Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, an extremely
both civilian and military victims of the
dangerous crisis of worldwide proportions has
HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL fighting; and, assuring humanitarian developed in the Middle East-directly
OF CALIFORNIA care for and early exchange of all pris- threatening the territorial integrity of the
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oners of war. State of Israel, as well as its vital and basic
Second, full international recognition right of access through international waters
Thursday, June 15, 1967 and acceptance of the State of Israel's to its only outlet south to the Red Sea and
right to exist as a the Indian Ocean.
Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, time will politically independent, In addition to jeopardizing the peace and
surely record these past weeks as among sovereign nation, and to live, grow, and security of both Israel and her neighbors in
the most fateful and momentous in the prosper without any outside interference that troubled part of the globe, this grave
long history of the Middle East-that or harassment from any source. and highly explosive situation could escalate
ancient and strategic crossroads of civil- Third, ironclad guarantees, backed fro at any moment into a general military con-
ization. by the great powers, and enforced by a involving
ers-a catastrophe olthe the
full maj or world consequences s of
The world has watched in surprise and strong United Nations or other interne- which are difficult to imagine.
amazement at the brilliant and heroic tional presence if necessary, of Israel's As I stated nearly 4 years ago on June 21,
action-and spectacular accomplish- national security and territorial Integ- 1963, during an earlier period of mounting
ments-of the sons and daughters of rity, so that its borders will be protected tension:
Israel in asserting the right to full in- from further encroachment and terror- "The vital interests of all Middle Eastern
ternational acceptance as a sovereign ist attack, and so it will have an undis- countries, as well as the expressed policy of
equal among the community of nations, puted right of passage through the Suez the United States, demand the maintenance
in reclaiming the most holy of its sacred Canal, as well as full freedom to use the of peace.
religious shrines, and in showing a ready international waterway of the Gulf of it is essential that not being conflicts to s and unstab conditions willingness to work with others to estab- Aqaba, including unchallenged access to rupt the tranquility of thisimportangion
lish a firm basis for true, lasting peace its entrance through the narrow Strait and risk involvement in the current strug-
and progress in the Middle East. of Tiran. gle between East and West.
Both President Johnson and our dis- Fourth, final resolution of the twin "Such a development would be an utter
dis all
tinguished U.S. Ambassador to the Unit- problems-refugee resettlement and mil- in
tosth fords of terSov, Soviet and ion. directly
ed Nations, Arthur Goldberg, have al- Itary arms limitation-that have frus- into "As the one of t the the h the f free ready begun the difficult task of initiating trated every attempt since the 1940's to of the world, the United States has a st ong scussions d
t to an eice leading aimed at enduring and wreed find a permanent and equitable solu- and vital stake in keeping peace among all
tion to the deep-seated conflicts in the the nations of the Middle East.
able peace in this volatile area-based, as Middle East. This will require active par- It is imperative that these nations begin
It must be, on a policy of reconciliation ticipation, and assumption of a share of to concentrate their energies and the ener-lity
f
develop in
and g am
j ust al repon and to go rr ange set- responsibility, by each of the great pow- prosper prosperous region, developing s theig gricul-es of ers, as well as by all the parties to the ture, widening their industrial base, and
tlement of all outstanding issues. dispute, and by the United Nations or- expanding trade and commerce.
MAs Israel's scholarly Foreign Minister, ganization on behalf of the world com- "In this way, peace will become a reality,
Me Abba Security Council, recently stated
must before munity. and the Middle East will no longer be the
look "not backward to belligerency, but Fifth, a bold, new regional develop- s
fused park toW ignite egit of
and threatening to oin-
o k "n to backward ment programs, supported by the United threatening
Ive us In ."
States and the other economically ad- voToday all w a tragic Spd unnecessary wgarn ever, Mr With the cooperation of the freedom- danced nations, how
Strategic tc ass oa are a the
loving nations of the world, we can be- , in cooperation with all faced-in this crossroads of the
gin to look beyond the present con- the Middle Eastern countries, to turn the world-with a perilous situation that could
Sims and tension. toward a new, more energies of this entire area, once and erupt at any time into armed conflict.
hopeful era of greaow stability-which nore for all, away from conflict and war, and I would like to take this opportunity to
can f leer of r all the peoples of this toward the work of fashioning a more commend the President on his firm and
vital region to enjoy the fruits of prosperous region-emphasizing the de- forthright statement on the Middle Eastern
peace velopment of precious water and agri- crisis, and for his strong stand in support . y to e-
and prosperity cultural resources, the widening of their united action by the world community to pre-
As a member of the U.S. House of industrial base, the expansion of trade serve and protect the peace.
Representatives Committee on Foreign and commerce, an all-out attack on the The President ear ndserves ul be court
Affairs, and as Chairman of the Foreign 'abject poverty, disease, ignorance, and mgaded for his clear and oornef comment
Affairs Committee Special Study M's- human misery which have of Aqaba the Israeli shipping losing the Gulf
elan which swveyd the Middle East last been the fate of Aqaba to Israel shipin an effort to
Sion which I have ye the Middle a keen of so many for so long, and finally, the seal off the vital southern port of Eilat-
persoal rnterest in American efforts to creation of conditions of long-range sta- Elath--as a key commercial exporting and
persons a stabilizing American and genuine progress toward a bet- oil Importing center:
exis influence nce and ter way of life for all of the peoples who "The United States considers the gulf to
proredee peace and international leadership
promote help to to economic, live in this area-the historic cradle of be an international waterway and feels that
Western civilization. a blockade of Israeli shipping is illegal and
social, and political progress in these potentially disastrous to the cause of peace.
historic lands. Mr. Speaker, because of my intense "The right of free, innocent passage of the
Mr. Speaker, I believe the following personal interest in the situation in the international waterway is a vital interest of
five points may serve to outline some of Middle East, and the position we here in the international community."
the essential requirements of achieving America should take toward events in I am particularly -gratified that the Presi-
these worthy goals-for which the proud that part of the world, I would like to dent pledged America's wholehearted and
men and women of Israel have again, for insert in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at vigorous support for a continuing United N--as matter of
the third time in 20 years, fought and this point the text of my earlier remarks tatIImportance to the a
peace and sundamenf
the peace and stability of
risked their lives- on this vital subject, which I made on the entire area.
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 A 3062
Approved CFor ONGRESSIONAL /REc8 DPJ~P~M??0002003000n-#e 16, 1967
There can be no doubt in anyone's mind
about the meaning and intent of W. John-
son's unequivocal White House restatement
of-
"What three Presidents have said before-
that the United States is firmly committed
to the support of the political independence
and territorial integrity of all the nations
of the area.
"The United States strongly opposes ag-
gression by anyone in the area, in 4y form,
overt or clandestine. This has been the policy
of the United States led byfour Presidents-
President Truman, President Eisenhower,
President Kennedy, and myself-as well as
the policy of both of our political parties."
Mr. Speaker, let no one mistake or mis-
judge this country's firm commitment to
oppose aggression and advance the cause of
lasting peace in the Middle East.
as for Israel's Victory
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR.
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Friday, June 16, 1967
Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President,
I ask unanimous consent to have printed
in the Appendix of the RECORD an article
entiteld "The Reasons for Israel's Vic-
tory," written by Ira C. Eaker.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
THE REASON'S FOR ISRAEL'S VICTORY
(By Ira C. Eaker)
burners have demonstrated in Israel. There
are no carping critics in their Knesset (Con=gress). As they demonstrated in 1948 and
again in 1956, they are excellent fighting men
far superior to the Arab enemy.
The principal adviser on national secu-
rity to the President and Prime Minister of
Israel is General Moshe Dayan, Israel's most
experienced and respected soldier (a relation
like that between President Roosevelt and
Admiral Leahy or President Truman and
General Marshall) .
The Israelis were not palsied by fear of
what Russia or Red China might do or of
what world opinion would be. Their objec-
tive was quick victory, not prolonged stale-
mate.
The greatest satisfaction I personally have
had from the Middle East war is the realiza-
tion that little Israel brought might Russia
to the Security Council of the United Na-
tions. How? Not by entreaty, not by paying
tribute or by building bridges to the East,
but by kicking the daylights out of the
Kremlin puppet, Nasser. Russia had two
options. She could send Russian troops to
save Egypt or join the U.N. Security' Council
in demanding a cease fire. She chose the
latter. We shall always owe a great debt to
Israel for demonstrating to our leaders that
one negotiates successfully with, the Reds
only with fearless firmness.
There are some other lessons from the
Middle East conflict which could be trans-
lated to Vietnam with profit:
A short war is preferable for all concerned.
Wars, general or limited, large or small,
must be won. Wars are won by fearless
leaders employing brilliant strategy, bold
tactics and adequate forces always on the
offensive.
When the shooting starts in a war, it be-
comes a military operation which can
scarcely be concluded successfully without
entrusting battlefield operations and the
management of the war zone to men with
military training, education and experience.
The first week of the Israeli-Arab war has
revealed astonishing victories for little
Israel. There two million people, completely
surrounded by 40 milllon fanatical hostiles,
raised the siege and ign.ominously routed the
boastful enemy.
War colleges the world over will search this
campaign with eager interest to catalog the
reasons for Isreali success. Some of these
reasons already are clearly apparent.
Israel's political leaders took their military
leaders into their national councils and
made the decision to take the offensive.
Thereafter Israel turned the management of
military operations over to the military
leaders.
The Israelis made a bold plan to raise the
seige of the Gulf of Aqaba by threatening
the Suez Canal. They reckoned that Nasser
would exchange freedom of passage in the
Straits of Tiran to save his stolen Canal,
Egypt's most profitable enterprise.
Then the Israelis, in the first hours of the
conflict, gained air superiority by destroy-
ing Egyptian Air Force on the ground, the
quickest and cheapest way to destroy a
hostile Air Force (The White House Tuesday
Luncheon Club now directing our Vietnam
operation: please note.) Thereafter Israeli
armor could proceed unmolested in its rush
to Suez. Somebody in Israel remembered
Rommel's desert campaign and what doomed
the Afrika Korps.
Having made a bold plan, caught the enemy
by surprise, gained air superiority and taken
the offensive, the Israelis then went to Suez
like the Germans went toParis in 1940, with
armored columns spearheaded and protected
by fighter bombers and fueled and fed by
air transport.
Despite their numerical inferiority, the
Israelis had some things going for them.
They were a united people, all determined
to defend their country if need be to the
death. No peaceniks, beatniks and draft card
Settlement of the Current Railway Labor-
Management Dispute
SPEECH
OF
HON. W. E. (BILL) BROCK
believe we can understand that. There
are 154 standard railroads in the United
States. I am talking about large rail-
roads. This does not take into considera-
tion short lines and others, of which I
understand there are 70 or 80.
It would mean, if they were to bar-
gain railroad by railroad, that there
could be two or three on a strike, and
the others not on strike. Going Into a
State, other railroads would be operating,
with connecting lines into other rail-
roads which were a part of the strike.
Delivery might be made to the terminal
of a railroad, and that railroad could
not deliver the goods because of a strike
on that railroad.
Those are the practical problems which
are involved in a big industry such as
the railroad industry, in which there are
some 24 brotherhoods which to bargain.
It presents such practical limitations
that both management and labor testi-
fied before our committee they did not
favor doing so. They were sharply ques-
tioned on this point. Two members of
the committee, on on my side of the aisle,
deeply believe that this is perhaps a way
to work out something, trying to get a
settlement unit by unit.
I thought that both management and
labor gave excellent reasons why this,
at its very best, even though there might
be some merit to it, actually would bring
about an impossible situation for them
to undertake.
Mr. BROCK. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. SPRINGER. I yield to the gentle-
man from Tennessee.
Mr. BROCK. What is it that makes the
railroads different from all the rest of
the industry of the world? Are they so
unique, they can find no way to bargain
together, the management of each com-
pany and the employees of that com-
pany?
Mr. SPRINGER. I believe it is the fact
which was referred to a moment ago.
These lines are all interdependent and
connected with each other.
That is not true of the automobile
industry. If the Ford Motor Co. should
shut down, I could buy a Chevrolet. If
the Chevrolet production should shut
down, I could buy another automobile.
In the industry of the railroads, that is
not true. They are all connected.
I can send something from Seattle to
Miami, and even though it goes over five
railroads eventually it will arrive. Sup-
pose that a connecting railroad some-
where-in between Washington and Flor-
ida were on strike.
I believe we can see that bargaining
unit by unit for an entire network, for
the entire country, simply would not
work.
Mr. BROCK. The point of the amend-
ment is to protect the consumer, the
general public of this country. We have
to talk about providing an alternative
source of supply.
Mr. SPRINGER. May I say in reply,
if we were talking about the trucking
industry I could not give such a positive
answer, because in nearly every com-
munity there are two or three trucking -
companies. If one of -them is on strike,
the others will pick up and deliver what-
OF TENNESSEE
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
-Thursday, June 15, 1967
The House in Committee of the Whole
House on the State of the Union had under
consideration the joint resolution (H.J. Res.
559) to provide for the settlement of the
labor dispute between certain carriers by
railroad and certain of their employees.
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog-
nizes the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
SPRINGER].
Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Chairman, first
of all, I would like to pay tribute to the
distinguished gentleman from Tennes-
see. I know he has given this matter a
great deal of thought, and he has spent
a great deal of time in research on it
before coming to the conclusion as to
what he believes should be done. I know
the entire House respects himfor being
willing to take a stand on what he be-
lieves to be right. -
Mr. Chairman, I cannot support this,
and I told the gentleman that I cannot,
and there are practical reasons why I
cannot. Both management and labor are
opposed to fragmentary settlements. I
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June 16, 19 OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- HOUSE
part of our people's deepest inner conscious-
ness.
At the dawn of our redemption, as we stood,
few against the many who were seeking to
throttle Israel's independence in its infancy,
Harry Truman announced the United States'
recognition of the independent State of
Israel-a step which was the climax of his
activities in favor of its establishment.
We here in this country count ourselves
fortunate in that Israel has been associated
by Harry Truman with his aspiration for
peace. We welcomed his idea that in Jeru-
salem, the city of prophecy and peace, an in-
ternational center for the advancement of
peace should be established.
I hope that this great project will fulfill
its aims and make a notable contribution to
peace in our area and in the world as a
whole. In the words of the prophet: "How
beautiful upon the mountains are the feet
of the messenger of good tidings, that an-
nounceth peace, the harbinger of good tid-
ings, that announceth salvation." (Isaiah
52:7)
MR. THURGOOD MARSHALL
This ground-breaking is an occasion so un-
precedented, so pregnant with hope for man,
so charged with possibilities for the future,
that I count this among the inspiring mo-
ments of a lifetime. To be a witness and a
participant here today is truly to be among
the chosen people.
If the Center represents an act of faith in
the capacity of the human spirit to quell
its ancient foes, I for one take heart and
hope from the fact that such acts of faith
seem to thrive on this soil.
It was here, after all, on this soil, amidst
this people, that men first began to turn
their backs on the gods of war and lust and
discovered a God of law and love.
It was here, too on this soil, that men first
found the abiding principles of a social order
worthy of man. It was here that we first per-
ceived the uniqueness and integrity of every
human being.
MR. ELIAHU ELATH
It is doubtful whether there is any city in
the world more fitting as the home of an
institution aimed at advancing the cause of
world peace than Jerusalem, the Holy City.
It was here, in Jerusalem, that the Prophet
Isaiah conceived his vision of the time when
the peoples of the world would beat their
swords into ploughshares and their spears
into pruninghooks, when "nation shall not
lift up sword against nation, neither shall
they learn war any more."
It was in Jerusalem, the Eternal City, that
the Hebrew University was established. Situ-
ated in this unique site, the Hebrew Uni-
versity regards it as its sacred duty to en-
sure that the Truman Center, which is an
integral part of itself, will justify its exist-
ence by measuring up to the tasks and the
ideals which brought it into being.
MR. SAMUEL ROTHSERG
It is we who are honored today, for Harry
Truman has deemed us worthy to be his
partners, to help realize his vision, which
is the hope'of mankind from time immemo-
rial-the vision of universal peace.
The founders who made this Center a real-
ity, and who had the privilege of participat-
ing in the inauguration of the Truman Cen-
ter in Independence, Missouri, this January
in the presence of President Johnson, were
deeply moved by President Truman's clos-
ing remarks. He said:
"When the day comes-when it Is time to
close the book of my life-I will be com-
forted by the hope that this Center for the
Advancement of Peace will become a major
source of light and reason towards the
achievement of eternal peace."
TEXT OF SCROLL-RECORDING THE CORNERSTONE-
LAYING OF THE HARRY S TRUMAN CENTER FOR
THE ADVANCEMENT OF PEACE
On the twenty-third day of Tammuz, 5725,
eleventh of July, 1966, in the nineteenth
year of the State of Israel, the cornerstone
was laid of the Harry S Truman Center for
the Advancement of Peace on the Givat Ram
campus of the Hebrew University of Jeru-
salem.
The building to arise on this site will be-
come a center for studies dedicated to the
pursuit of peace, which, it is hoped, will
make a significant contribution to the fos-
tering of international harmony and the ad-
vancement of cooperation between the peo-
ples of the world.
Situated as it is at the Hebrew University,
in the City of Jerusalem, from which the
ancient Jewish prophets sent forth their
message of universal brotherhood, it will
symbolize the lofty ideals towards which
mankind has aspired throughout the ages.
The Center is appropriately named for Mr.
Harry S Truman, who has been deeply con-
cerned with the cause of peace throughout
his life and whose unshakable belief in a
world-wide rule of reason has been the in-
spiration of many nations.
The Center is being built as an expres-
sion of the profound gratitude and apprecia-
tion which the Jewish people feel for the
thirty-second President of the United States,
who was responsible for his country's sup-
port of Israel before its establishment and
for the historic fact that his Government
was the first of any to grant the State of
Israel recognition after the proclamation of
independence.
The funds for the, establishment of the
Harry S Truman Center have been gener-
ously provided by Friends of the Hebrew Uni-
versity in the United States and in other
parts of the world.
This cornerstone is laid in a spirit of pro-
found faith that war is not inevitable, that
knowledge and understanding are basic pre-
requisites for the attainment of peace, and
that the Harry S Truman Center will make
a measureable contribution towards the
realization of an aim of vital concern to hu-
manity as a whole.
[From News From Israel, July 29, 1966]
TRUMAN PEACE CENTER IN JERUSALEM
A message from ex-President Harry S.
Truman was read at the cornerstone-laying
ceremony of the Harry S. Truman Center for
the Advancement of Peace on July 11. The
ceremony was held on the campus of the
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, of which
the Center will be a part, under the chair-
manship of University President Eliahu Elath
and in the presence of the Acting President
of Israel, Mr. Kaddish Luz, and other
dignitaries.
Addresses were delivered by Prime Minister
Levi Eshkol, Mr. Thurgood Marshall, Solicitor
General of the United States, Prof. Nathan
Rotenstreich, Rector of the University, Mr.
Samuel Rothberg, Chairman of the Board
of the American Friends of the University,
and Mr. Teddy Kollek, Mayor of Jerusalem.
Mr. Truman's message was read by Mr. David
Noyes, his personal representative.
The following are extracts from President
Truman's message and from Prime Minister
Eshkol's address:
PRESIDENT TRUMAN
"We come here to rededicate our means,
our skills, our moral and intellectual re-
sources, to a cause that has priority on the
minds and hearts of the leaders of all nations.
"It is unthinkable that, with the huge
stockpiles of nuclear arsenals, and with
missiles with nuclear warheads poised on
H 7393
their pads for instant assault, there could
be a valid reason why any Government
would refuse to come to terms with its
neighbors.
"We meet here to try to make a fresh
start. Here at the Center for the Advance-
ment of Peace we will give serious Considera-
tion to any new practical approach that could
help to advance the cause of peace.
"All will be welcome here who desire to
join in our common search for the ways of
peace. There are no restrictions as to na-
tional origin, ideological commitment or re-
ligious differences.
"I continue to have a deep faith in man's
nobler side and his rightful destiny; all he
needs is to be given a fair chance. This I
believe to be the essence of the great Amer-
ican dream: a dream of a world without
war, without want, without misery.
"The Center for the Advancement of
Peace is now part of that dream."
PRIME MINISTER ESHKOL
"It is difficult for our people to express the
depth of its feelings for Harry Truman. Harry
Truman, like Cyrus in his day, has not only
earned honorable mention in the history of
Jewry; he has become an inseparable part of
our people's deepest inner consciousness.
"At the dawn of our redemption, as we
stood, few against the many who were seek-
ing to throttle Israel's independence in its
infancy, Harry Truman announced the
United States' recognition of the independent
State of Israel-a step which was the climax
of his activities in favor of its establishment.
"We here in this country count ourselves
fortunate in that Israel has been associated
by Harry Truman with his aspiration for
peace. We welcomed his idea that in Jerusa-
lem, the, city of prophecy and peace, an
international center for the advancement of
peace should be established.
"I hope that this great project will fulfill
its aims and make a notable contribution
to peace in our area and in the world as a
whole. In the words of the prophet (Isaiah
52:7) : `How beautiful upon the mountains
are the feet of the messenger of good tidings,
that announceth peace, the harbinger of good
tidings, that announceth salvation.' 11
The founders of the Truman Center have
thus defined its basic mission: "to supply
scientific methods to seek out for the world's
troubled citizenry the means to achieve peace
for which all men hunger."
The educational structure of the Truman
Center will have, as its base, teaching and
research units which deal with varying as-
pects of international relations. These will
include, among others, African and Asian
studies, Comparative Religion, International
Law, International Relations and Sociology.
An international committee of trustees is
being organized for the Center. This group
of distinguished 'personalities from -various
countries will include statesmen, scholars,
clergy, United Nations officials, writers and
men of the people who have made significant
contributions in international peace efforts.
The ultimate symbol of the Truman Center.
its founders say, will be young people from
contending nations, seated side by side, learn-
ing how to replace mutual distrust with un-
derstanding based on knowledge.
DEDICATION OF J. F. K. MEMORIAL
An impressive memorial to the late Presi-
dent John F. Kennedy was dedicated on July
4 in the Jerusalem hills, not far from Israel's
capital, in the presence of Mr. Earl Warren,
Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, the
Acting President of Israel, Mr. Kaddish Luz,
Prime Minister Levi Eshkol, and other public
figures, as well as many hundreds of Israelis
and Americans now in Israel.
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H 7394 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 16, 1967
The circular, 65-foot-high, edifice, con- And to m .asure the success of this effort with those who are willing to work with us for
strutted by the Jewish National Fund with we have onl r to ask: What would the world their own progress, in the spirit of peace
the support of the American Jewish com- be like toda y if President Truman had not and in the spirit of understanding.
munity, takes the form of a giant tree- launched th a program? And while we work for peaceful progress,
trunk, severed like the tragically ended life In this ye sr 1966, I am proposing, on be- we will maintain our strength against ag-
of the young President, while the 51 concrete half of our Nation, a major new effort in gression. Nothing is more false than the timid
pylons that make up the walls represent the this same f eld that he began so long ago, complaint that we cannot defend ourselves
States of the Union and the District of Co- and I am I roud to add to the point 4 of against the aggressor and at the same time
lumbia. A single shaft of light from an open- President 'I -uman, the fourth principle of make progress in the works of peace. A cele-
ing in the saw-tooth roof falls upon a bust this year's hate of the Union speech: "to bration which unites the United States is a
of Kennedy by the Israeli sculptor Dov help improl a the life of man." fit time to reaffirm that energy in the de-
Freigin. How will we help improve the life of fense of freedom-and energy and progress
ON A CLEAR DAY man? in the building of a free society-should be
Standing on a hilltop more than 2,700 feet First, we ,ropose a radical increase in our the common objectives of any free people,
above sea-level, the memorial affords a ma- response to he needs of international educa- large or small.
jestic view, through the glass windows be- tion. There can be no decent life for any Now this is the central necessity today of
tween the pylons, of Biblical Judea for many man or an: - people without education, the brave people with whom we are associ-
miles all around. On a clear day there is an The Inte: national Education Act of 1966 ated in South Viet-Nam. Just this week, the
unobstructed view, to the west, right down will help bi ild partnerships between Ameri- Prime Minister of Viet-Nam has pledged his
and fo? ei schools country to this necessity. He has spoken
can gn
to the Mediterranean coast.
A huge forest is being planted by the
J.N.F. on these barren hills, called the John
F. Kennedy Peace Forest and bordering on
the America-Israel Freedom Forest.
Dedicated to the concept of world peace
and to the bonds of friendship between the
people of Israel and the U.S.A., the millions
of trees of the forest will be contributed by
Jews and non-Jews.
WARREN BRINGS L. B, J. GREETINGS
In his address to the gathering, Justice
Warren described the combination of the
Memorial Monument and the Peace Forest
as "the impressive living memorial to our
late President," and recalled that President
Kennedy "had a very special feeling for the
nation (of Israel) and an unwavering con- -
fidence in its future." -
Justice Warren brought "cordial good
wishes" from President Johnson "to the peo-
ple of Israel and to all those Americans who
have made this Memorial possible."
[From Weekly Compilation of Presidential
Documents, Jan. 24, 1966]
THE HARRY S. TRUMAN CENTER FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF PEACE
(The President's remarks in Independence,
Mo., at the ceremony announcing the -
establishment of the center, January 20,
1966)
President Truman, Mrs. Truman, Mr. Chief
Justice, Senator Symington, Senator Long,
Members of the Missouri delegation in the
Congress of the United States, Senator An-
derson, Congressman Boggs, ladies and
gentlemen: I come back to Independence to
be with one of the world's most persistent
searchers for peace in the world. It is quite
fitting that this day Is set aside for the
announcement of the Harry S. Truman Cen-
ter for the Advancement of Peace in the
world. _
I first want to congratulate the men here
today whose generous public spirit is making
this Center possible.
I take my text from the words which Pres-
ident Truman spoke just 17 years ago in his
inaugural address of January 20, 1949.
"We must embark," he said, "on a bold
new program for making the benefits of our
scientific advances and industrial progress
available for the improvement and the
growth of underdeveloped areas in the
world."
This was, as we know now, point 4. It was
a bold and vital idea then, and it is just as
bold and just as much alive as we meet here
this afternoon. -
The initial point 4 program of technical
assistance was enacted in 1949 and has con-
tinued from that day to this. Congress after
Congress has continued to appropriate to
that program-with growing confidence-
sums which now, I believe, add up to more
than $3 billion. American experts have
traveled the globe to every continent, bring-
ing their skills to the worldwide war against
ignorance and against hunger and against
disease.
-
It will re ruit teachers for overseas work. for progress in rural education, in housing,
It will Ir ake possible long-term commit- in land reform, and above all, of the need
ments by A nerican universities toward solv- for progress in social revolution and in the
ing the pro Ilems of international education. building of democracy--by constitutional
It will is unch a series of projects to at- process and by free elections. All this he has
tack illiters y and to find new ways to teach said in the shadow of - continuing aggres-
basic skills It will begin to provide for an lion from the North. In all this he will have
Exchange I eace Corps to bring able young the full support of the United States of
people iron other countries to live and work America.
here with u,. - And so, President Truman, as we dedicate
Second, ire are going to enlarge our work today in your honor the Harry S. Truman
for world h salth. And the twin of the Inter- Center for the Advancement of Peace, we
national E( ucation Act will be the Interna- recall the vision that you gave us to -follow
tional Heal;h Act of 1966. when you gave your farewell address, and
And witl that act we will strike at dis- I quote:
ease by establishing an international medi- "I have a deep and abiding faithIn the
cal mission in our Public Health Service.. destiny of free men. With patience and
We plan to triple our effort to train med- courage we shall some day move on to a new
ical manpc wer In the developing countries. era-a wonderful golden age-an age when
We plan o double the size of our nutrition we can use the peaceful tools that science
program R r mothers and for children. We has forged for us to do away with poverty
plan to increase by 80 million those who and human misery everywhere on earth."
will receive adequate diets. That is still our goal, President Truman.
We plan to set targets and to develop And now we are today redoubling our efforts
programs s) in the next decade we can com- to achieve it.
pletely wi re out smallpox in the entire Today I informed President Truman of
world. We can eliminate malaria in this our worldwide efforts to move the violence
hemisphere and large parts of Africa and of Southeast Asia to the table of peaceful
Asia. We c m end yellow fever in this hem- discussions. I received a report this morn-
isphere, ar d we can find new controls for ing before I left Washington from Secretary
cholera, ra ,ies, and other epidemic diseases. Rusk and Ambassador Harriman on their
Third, w will launch a major new attack recent travels. I shall be meeting with the
on worldw de hunger. We will present this Secretary and the Ambassador again later
year a n, w food aid program, designed this afternoon, Both the Secretary and the
around thy, principle of intense cooperation Ambassador told me that in all the capitals
with those in all hungry countries who are they visited-and Ambassador Harriman
ready to h 4p themselves. We will direct our went to almost a dozen-government leaders
assistance program - toward a cooperative recognized the United States' genuine de-
effort to ncrease agricultural production. sire for peace in the world. -
We will a;k the countries which we help And of this one thing I am sure, the door
to make the necessary land reforms-to of peace must be kept wide open for all
modernize marketing and distribution-to . who wish to avoid the scourge of war. But
invest grey ter energy and, resources in their the door of aggression must be closed and
own food production. bolted if man himself Is to survive.
And in return, we will triple our assist- It is tragic that in the 1960's there are
ance to it vestments in the powerful weap- - still those who would engulf their neigh-
ons of m' 'dern agriculture-from fertilizer bors by force, still those who require that
to machir ery we will direct the efforts of vast resources be used to guard the peace
our agric, altural scientists to the special rather than to bring all the people In the
problems (f the developing countries-to the world the wonders that are really within
developme it of new foods and concentrates. their grasp.
We will c, .11 for an international effort, in- The central purpose oil the American peo-
eluding in stitutions like the World Bank, to ple is a peace -which permits all men to
expand th world supply of fertilizer. remain free. But we must do more. We must
Fourth, we will increase our efforts in the work, and we must build upon the solid
great field of human population. The hun- - foundations, as the Chief Justice said, of
gry world *annot be fed until and unless the law among nations. And this is America's
growth in its resources and the growth in - determination, and this is America's commit-
its popula ;ion come into balance. Each man ment.
and womr n-and each nation-must make Now let me leave this one last thought with
decisions c f conscience and policy in the face - you. I think every schoolboy knows that
of this gr sat problem. But the position of peace is not unilateral--it takes more than
the Unite I. States of America is clear. We one to sign an agreement. And it seems clear
will give air help and our support to na- to all that what is holding up peace in the
tions which make their own decision to in- world today is not the United States of
sure an ef'ective balance between the num- America. What is. bolding back the peace
bers of th sir people and the food they have is the mistaken view on the part of the ag-
to eat. Ar d we will push forward the fron- gressors that we are going to give up our
tiers of re earth in this important field. principles, that we may yield to pressure, or
Fifth, t e underlying principle of all of abandon our allies, or finally get tired and
our work with other nations will always be get out. On the day that others decide to
the print pie of cooperation. We will work substitute reason for terror, whenthey will
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use the pen instead of the hand grenade,
when they will replace rational logic for
inflammatory invective, then on that very
day, the journey toward peace can really
begin.
If the aggressors are ready for peace, if
they are ready for a return to a decent re-
spect for their neighbors, ready to under-
stand where their hopeful future really lies,
let them come to the meeting place and we
will meet them there.
Here in the presence today of the great
man who was the 33d President of the United
States, who labored so long and so valiantly
to bring serenity to a troubled world, the
36th President of the United States speaks
with a voice of 190 million Americans: We
want a peace with honor and with justice
that will endure!
Now, President Truman, there is one more
bit of business that I would like to take
care of so long as I have come out here to
Independence. I was here not long ago in
connection with a little project that you
inaugurated 2 decades ago, but when the
fellows last night in the Social Security office
learned that I was coming out'here again
to see you and Mrs. Truman today, they
asked me to bring along your new medicare
card.
And it is now my great pleasure to present
here, in the presence of these distinguished
friends of yours, and many of the young men
of yesteryear who fought these battles with
you, to bring you Card No. 1 for you, and
Card No. 2 for Mrs. Truman.
They told me, President Truman, that if
you wished to get the voluntary medical in-
surance you will have to sign this applica-
tion form, and they asked me to sign as
your witness. So you are getting special treat-
ment since cards won't go out to the other
folks until the end of this month. But we
wanted you to know, and we wanted the en-
tire world to know that we haven't forgotten
who is the real daddy of medicare. And be-
cause of the fight that you started many
years ago, 19 million Americans will be eli-
gible to receive new hope and new security
when the program begins on July 1, and 19
million Americans have another reason, an-
other cause to bless Harry S. Truman.
Again, I want to thank all of you who
made this great day possible.
(NOTE. The President spoke at 11:15 a.m.,
c.s.t., at the Harry S. Truman Library at In-
dependence, Mo. The Center will be estab-
lished at Hebrew University in Jerusalem.)
LEAVE OF ABSENCE
By unanimous consent, leave of ab-
sence (at the request of Mr. GERALD R.
FORD) was granted to the following:
. Mr. MORTON, beginning June 16
through June 19, 1967, on account of of
ficial business for the House Committee
on Interior and Insular Affairs.
Mr. STEIGER of Arizona, beginning June
16 through June 19, 1967, on account of
official business for the House Commit-
tee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
Mr. BURTON of Utah, beginning June
16 through June 19, 1967, on account of
official business for the House Commit-
tee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED
By unanimous consent, permission to
address the House, following the legisla-
tive program and any special orders here-
tofore entered, was granted to:
Mr. RYAN, for 15 minutes, today; and
to revise and extend his remarks and in-
clude extraneous matter.
Mr. HANSEN of Idaho (at the request
of Mr. DUNCAN), for 60 minutes, on June
21; to revise and extend his remarks and
include extraneous matter.
By unanimous consent, permission to
extend remarks in the Appendix of the
RECORD, or to revise and extend remarks,
was granted to:
(The following Members (at the re-
quest of Mr. DUNCAN) and to include ex-
traneous matter:)
Mr. MICHEL.
Mr. LAIRD.
Mr. GUBSER (at the request of Mr. DEL-
LENBACK) to revise and extend his re-
marks and include extraneous matter.
(The following Members (at the re-
quest of Mr. Moss) and to include ex-
traneous matter:)
Mrs. SULLIVAN in four instances.
Mr. WOLFF.
Mr. EVERETT in two instances.
Mr. GONZALEZ in two instances.
Mr. BENNETT in three instances.
Mr. RARICK.
SENATE BILLS REFERRED
Bills of the Senate of the following
titles were taken from the Speaker's table
and, under the rule, referred as follows:
S. 1577. An act to complement the Vienna
Convention on Diplomatic Relations; to the
Committee on Foreign Affairs.
BILLS PRESENTED TO THE
PRESIDENT
Mr. BURLESON, from the Committee
on House Administration, reported that
that committee did on this day present
to the President, for his approval, bills
of the House of the following titles:
H.R. 834. An not to amend section 5 of the
act of February 11, 1929, to remove the dollar
limit on the authority of the Board of Com-
missioners of the District of Columbia to
settle claims of the District of Columbia in
escheat cases;
H.R. 1526. An act for the relief of Cecil A.
Rhodes;
H.R. 2048. An act for the relief of William
John Masterton and Louis Vincent Nanne;
and
H.R. 4445. An act for the relief of Aurex
Corp.
ADJOURNMENT
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, I move that
the House do now adjourn.
The motion was agreed to; accordingly
(at 2 o'clock and 38 minutes), under its
previous order, the House adjourned until
Monday, June 19, 1967, at 12 o'clock noon.
EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS,
ETC.
Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive
communications were taken from the
Speaker's table and referred as follows:
839. A letter from the Secretary of the
Army, transmitting reports of the number of
officers on duty with Headquarters, Depart-
ment of the Army and the Army General
Staff on March 31, 1967, pursuant to the pro-
H 7395
visions of 10 U.S.C. 3031(c); to the Commit-
tee on Armed Services.
840. A letter from the Comptroller General
of the United States, transmitting a report
of review of policies and procedures for col-
lecting judgments, fines, penalties, and
forfeitures, Department of Justice; to the
Committee on Government Operations.
841. A letter from the Secretary of the In-
terior, transmitting a draft of proposed legis-
lation to settle the land claims of Alaska
natives, and for other purposes; to the Com-
mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
842. A letter from the Commissioner, Im'
migration and Naturalization Service, U.S
Department of Justice, transmitting reports
of visa petitions approved, according certain
beneficiaries third preference and sixth pref-
erence classification, pursuant to the provi-
sions of section 204(d) of the Immigration
and Nationality Act, as amended; to the
Committee on the Judiciary.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB-
LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of
committees were delivered to the Clerk
for printing and reference to the proper
calendar, as follows:
Mr. PERKINS: Committee on Education
and Labor. H.R. 10730. A bill to amend the
Older Americans Act of 1965 so as to extend
its provisions (Rept. No. 367). Referred to the
Committee of the Whole House on the State
of the Union.
Mr. MILLS: Committee on Ways and
Means. H.R. 10867. A bill to increase the pub-
lic debt limit set forth in section 21 of the
Second Liberty Bond Act, and for other pur-
poses (Rept. No. 368). Referred to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of
the Union.
PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public
bills and resolutions were introduced and
severally referred as follows:
By Mr. ABERNETHY:
H.R. 10934. A bill to promote the general
welfare, foreign policy, and national security
of the United States; to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
By Mrs. DWYER:
H.R.10935. A bill to amend the Federal
Power Act to facilitate the provision of re-
liable, abundant and economical electric
power supply, by strengthening existing
mechanisms for coordination of electric
utility systems and encouraging the installa-
tion and use of the products of advancing
technology with due regard for the proper
conservation of scenic and other natural re-
sources; to the Committee on Interstate and
Foreign Commerce.
By Mr. GRAY:
H.R. 10936. A bill to provide Federal as-
sistance to improve the educational services
in public and private nonprofit child day
care centers; to the Committee on Education
and Labor.
By Mr. FISHER:
H.R. 10937. A bill to amend title 23 of the
'United States Code to add 1,726 miles to the
National System of Interstate and Defense
Highways, -and to designate such additional
mileage as the route for a highway on such
Interstate System from Brownsville, Tex., to
the North Dakota-Canadian border; to the
Committee on Public Works.
By Mr. HANSEN of Idaho:
H.R.10938. A bill to amend the Tariff
Schedules of the United States with respect
to the rate of duty on whole skins of mink,
whether or not dressed; to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
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 H 7396
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CONGRESS _ONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 16, 1967
By Mr. KYL:
H.R. 10939. A bill to amend the act of June
6, 1924, establishing the National Capital
Planning Commission in order to provide for
the preservation of the remaining historic
landmarks in the District of Columbia; to
the Committee on the District of Columbia.
By Mr. PATTEN:
H.R. 10940. A bill to reclassify certain po-
sitions in the postal field service, and for
other purposes; to the Committee on Post
Office and Civil Service.
By Mr. PEPPER:
H.R. 10941. A bill to amend title 18 of the
United States Code to prohibit travel or use
of any facility in interstate or foreign com-
merce with intent to incite a riot or other
violent civil disturbance and for other pur-
poses; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
By Mr. PERKINS (for himself, Mrs.
GREEN of Oregon, Mr. DENT, Mr.
HOLLAND, Mr. BRADEMAS, Mr. CAREY,
Mr. GIBBONS, Mr. HATHAWAY, Mrs.
MINK, Mr. ScnEuER, and Mr. MEEDs) :
H.R. 10942. A bill to amend and 'extend
title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965;
to the Committee on Education and Labor.
By Mr. PERKINS (for himself, Mrs.
GREEN Of Oregon, Mr. BRADEMAS,
Mr. QuIE, and Mr. AYRES) :
H.R. 10943. A bill to amend and extend
title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965;
to the Committee on Education and Labor.
By Mr. PIRNIE:
H.R. 10944. A bill to amend title 18 of the
United States Code to prohibit travel or use
of any facility in interstate or foreign com-
merce with intent to incite a riot or other
violent civil disturbance, and for other pur-
poses; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
By Mr. RIEGLE:
H.R. 10945. A bill to amend title 39, United
States Code, to revise the rates of postage
on third-cl ass mail; to the Committee on
Post Office and Civil Service.
By 1? :r. ROSENTHAL:
H.R. 1094;. A bill to reclassify certain key
positions a id increase salaries in the postal
field service,, and for other purposes; to the
Committee on Post Office and Civil Service.
H.R. 1094 7. A bill to expand the definition
of deductil le moving expenses incurred by
an employe s; to the Committee on Ways and
Means.
By 3:r. BELL:
H.J. Res. 36. Joint resolution creating a
Joint Comr ittee To Investigate Crime; to the
'Committee on Rules.
By bfr. DIGGS:
H.J. Res. 37. Joint resolution proposing an
amendmen. to the Constitution of the
United Stagy es relative to equal rights for men
and women ; to the Committee on the Judi-
ciary.
By 1, [r. FULTON of Pennsylvania:
H.J. Res. i38. Joint resolution to authorize
the Preside at to issue annually a proclama-
tion design ting the 7-day period comprising
the first fi 11 week in October of each year
as Spring Garden Planting Week; to the
Committee an the Judiciary.
By P fr. SIKES:
H.J. Res. 189. Joint resolution creating a
Joint Comr Iittee To Investigate Crime; to the
Committee on Rules.
By 1% Ir. BOW:
H. Con. R as. 373. Concurrent resolution rel-
ative to Ci- izens Radio Service; to the Com-
mittee on : nterstate and Foreign Commerce.
By I Cr. ABERNETHY:
11. Res. 515. Resolution for the considera-
eration of H.R. 421; to the Committee on
Rules.
By Mr. GURNEY:
H. Res. 586. Resolution for the considera-
tion of H.R. 421; to the Committee on Rules.
By Mr. PIRNIE:
H. Reg. 587. Resolution for the considera-
tion of H.R. 421; to the Committee on Rules.
By Mr. WYLIE:
H. Res. 588. Resolution for the considera-
tion of H.R. 421; to the Committee on Rules.
By Mr. WYMAN:
H. Res. 589. Resolution for the considera-
tion of H.R. 421; to the Committee on Rules.
MEMORIALS
Under clause 4 of rule XXII,
239. The SPEAKER presented a memorial
of the Legislature of the State of Connecti-
cut, relative to taxation of social security
benefits, which was referred to the Commit-
tee on Ways and Means.
PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Under clause 1 of rule XXII,
Mr. REINECKE introduced a bill (H.R.
10948), forthe relief of Gerardo B. Barbero,
which was referred to the Committee on the
Judiciary.
PETITIONS, ETC.
Under clause 1 of rule XXII,
107. The SPEAKER presented a petition
of the United Presbyterian Church, Phila-
delphia, Pa., relative to war and world order,
which was referred to the Committee on
Foreign Affairs.
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vll`~~ RESSI June 16, 1967
Mr. TEAGUE of California. Mr. Speak-
er, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. DELLENBACK. I yield to the gen-
tleman from California [Mr. TEAGUE].
Mr. TEAGUE of California. I want to
take advantage of this opportunity, when
we have a little more time, if I may have
the attention of the gentleman from
California [Mr. Moss] to state that yes-
terday, when we had a few seconds per
Member on an amendment, which was
rejected-and this is really water over
the dam-perhaps the gentleman from
California [Mr. Moss] misunderstood
my point. I merely wish to elaborate a bit,
briefly.
I raised the objection to the then pend-
ing amendment, that it was totally im-
practicable and unworkable to try to
work out freight trains consisting of
perishable crops like strawberries,
lemons, and oranges, and nonperishable
commodities like roofing materials and
other such products of my congression-
al district.
I believe the gentleman from Califor-
nia [Mr. Moss] misunderstood me. I well
understand he is as much concerned
about getting perishable crops to market
as I.
My point at that time was that this
was a very difficult, if not impossible,
practical way to handle the makeup of
the freight trains.
I just wanted to take a few moments
to make that clear.
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-
tleman yield to me, so that I may
respond?
Mr. DELLENBACK. I yield to the gen-
tleman from California,
Mr. MOSS. I say to my good friend
and colleague from California, I recog-
nize fully the extremely difficult nature
of the problem which has confronted us,
the many dilemmas which have con-
fronted us in the past few days. I had no
feeling that the gentleman would at-
tribute to me any conviction that he was
attempting to obfuscate, or place upon
me the onus of not having as much sym-
pathy for agriculture in our State as he
has.
Mr. TEAGUE of California. I thank
the gentleman. My point is just to be sure
that we understood what I was trying to
get across yesterday.
Mr. MOSS. I fully understand.
Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, I
withdraw my reservation.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
California?
Mr. HERLONG. Mr. Speaker, reserving
the right to object, in connection with
the interpretation of this letter, I seem
to sense some equivocation today as to
the meaning of the letter, in that no one
wants to take responsibility. Yesterday
in the debate I did not sense that equiv-
ocation at all. Everyone was determined
there would not be a strike if the amend-
ment was agreed to, so far as this meas-
ure is concerned.
I wonder if this is not some devious
method where they are going around to
try to maneuver the President into hav-
ing to seize the railroads during this
period of time.
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-
tleman yield for a response?
Mr. HERLONG. I am happy to yield
to the gentleman from California.
Mr. MOSS. First I should like to ask
the gentleman if he could give me the
authority of the President to seize, ab-
sent congressional action.
Second I should like to read with em-
phasis the language of the letter and,
as I have stated previously, give my own
interpretation:
I wish to advise you on behalf of the six
shop-craft unions involved in this dispute
that no strike action would be taken during
the period of time required for the conferees
to compose the differences between the meas-
ures adopted by the two Chambers.
It is my interpretation-an individual
interpretation-that that clearly com-
prehends the time required to effect the
appointment of conferees.
Mr. HERLONG. I thank the gentle-
man. That answers my question.
Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva-
tion.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
California?
Mr. FOUNTAIN. Mr. Speaker, reserv-
ing the right to object, I should like to
ask the gentleman a further question.
The letter is clear to me. It is incon-
ceivable to me that the unions in ques-
tion would authorize a strike after hav-
ing written that letter.
The only other question I will ask is,
can the gentleman or someone connected
with this legislation tell this body wheth-
er or not the author of that letter is a
person who speaks with authority?
Mr. MOSS. It is signed by Donald S.
Beattie, executive secretary. I would as-
sume, therefore, that in this corporate
structure he speaks with full authority
for the members, or at least for the board
of directors, that is, the directors or the
top executives of the crafts involved in
the dispute.
Mr. FOUNTAIN. I thank the gentle-
man.
Mr, Speaker, I withdraw my reserva-
tion of objection.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
California?
There was no objection.
(Mr. CRAMER (at the request of Mr.
DELLENBACK) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous' mat-
ter.)
[Mr. CRAMER'S remarks will appear
hereafter in the 4,ppendix.]
Al!) FOR
BANDONED ARABIAN
SOLDIERS
(Mr. GERALD R. FORD (at the
request of Mr. DELLENBACK) was granted
permission to extend his remarks at this
,point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker,
our great country has always been dedi-
cated to humanitarian principles. All
Americans must have been profoundly
moved, as I was, by recent news accounts
and photographs of helpless Arab sol-
diers abandoned by their governments
and wandering in the broiling desert sun.
These men, surely, are not responsible
for the folly of their leaders nor deserv-
ing of slow and horrible death after de-
feat in battle.
Therefore I applaud and support the
step just announced by the White House,
offering American aircraft to airdrop
water to these unfortunate castaways.
Let us hope that the Israel and Egyptian
Governments will give their cooperation
promptly, before the grim desert sun
makes our mission of mercy moot. Per-
sonally, I would think emergency food
and medical supplies as well as water
should be provided.
While I remain adamantly opposed to
the use of American aid to prop up such
demagogic and discredited governments
as Mr. Nasser's, I notified 'President
Johnson by telegram today of my warm
endorsement of this humanitarian step
which accords with our highest religious
teachings. Because it is moral and right,
it is also good international politics for
the United States at this critical junc-
ture in Middle. East and East-West rela-
tionships.
The text of my telegram follows:
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I commend and sup-
port our government's offer of American air-
craft to try and save the stranded Arab
soldiers in the Sinai desert. It accords with
our country's humanitarian and religious
traditions and effectively answers President
Nasser's big lie on the role of American
planes in the recent war. My stated opposi-
tion to the use of American aid to prop up
Mr. Nasser's demagogic and discredited
regime does not preclude emergency meas-
ures to save soldiers it has abandoned in
defeat. If they live, they might prove-A leaven
of realism among the Egyptian population
to restrain future follies and threats to world
peace.
Respectfully,
GERALD R. FORD,
Minority Leader.
TS IN ISRAEL
(Mr. O'HARA of Illinois asked and
was given permission to extend his re-
marks at this point in the RECORD and
to include extraneous matter.)
Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I am extending my remarks to include
the following articles from the June 1967
number of Jewish Frontier:
BREATHING SPELL OR NOOSE?
The U.N. calls for a "breathing spell" in the
present crisis in the Middle East should not
serve to obscure the essentials of the situa-
tion. There is no point in a breathing spell
which provides air and ease for all except
the one aggrieved. If Egypt is to maintain
her blockade and the Arab armies continue
to encircle Israel while the United Nations
debates and negotiations drag on, Israel may
find herself choking during the supposed
respite. The mobilization of her people's army
to meet the Arab threat means the cessation
or serious impediment of her economic life.
Israel has to marshal every able-bodied citi-
zen from the age of 18 to 45-boy and girl,
man and woman. Denial of access to the
Gulf of Aqaba further throttles the small
country. Unless Arab aggression is halted
quickly Israel will find the breathing spell a
noose.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE H 7379
Kress, in spite of the specific language of
the letter-is he assuring us that there
will be no strike-if conferees are ac-
tually not appointed and in being-is he
telling us now that we can be assured
through his connection with the or-
ganized labor movement in this partic-
ular fight with the management of the
railroads that there will be no strike, al-
though there is no conference, and we do
not know whether this. matter will ever
go to conference?
Mr. STAGGERS. I would like to, answer
that statement.
If the gentleman is reading that letter
now, let him make his own decision what
it says. -
I am not going to make any statement
as to what labor is going to do for 1 min-
ute-or that I am their representative
any more than I am a management
representative.
I do not want anyone to read into my
words anything except what is in this
letter. I will read the letter and then the
gentleman can make his own decision.
Mr. LENNON. That is very helpful and
I thank the gentleman.
Mr. STAGGERS. I will tell the gentle-
man where it is. -
It is on page H7282 of the CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD and the gentleman can
read this if he wishes to-because I am
sorry, I cannot read it without my glasses.
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-
tleman yield to me and I will be pleased
to read the letter to the Members of the
House.
Mr. LENNON. I yield and I thank the
gentleman very much.
Mr. MOSS. As the gentleman stated,
this letter is to be found -on page H7282
of the RECORD of Thursday, June 15, 1967,
and it is addressed to the Honorable
HARLEY STAGGERS and is as follows:
RAILWAY LABOR EXECUTIVES'
ASSOCIATION,
Washington, D.C., June 15, 1967.
Hon. HARLEY STAGGERS,
Chairman, Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Committee, U.S. House of Representa-
tives, Washington, D.C.
- DEAR CHAIRMAN STAGGERS: A valid question
has been raised by a number of the members
with respect to the possibility of a railroad
strike occurring before conferees could com-
plete their work in the event S.J. Res. 559
should be amended.
I wish to advise you on behalf of the six
shop-craft unions involved in this dispute
that no strike action would be taken during
the period of time required for the conferees
to compose the differences between the meas-
ures adopted by the two Chambers.
We would be most appreciative if you
would advise your colleagues to this effect.
Sincerely yours,
DONALD S. BEATTIE,
Executive Secretary.
If the gentleman will yield further, I
would certainly say that it is my judg-
ment that the letter would certainly
comprehend and include- the time that is
,necessary to effect the appointment of
conferees, as long as that is a reasonable
period of time.
Mr. LENNON. I thank the gentleman,
and I ask my distinguished friend, the
chairman of the committee, if his view of
this is in accord with the views ex-
pressed by the gentleman from C,ali-
fornia.
Mr. STAGG RS. I will leave that up
to the gentleman from North Carolina
to make his o ]vn deduction. I read the
letter and put .t in the RECORD to let the
Congress makc J -rn ent.
I did not ,rpret anythin d I am
not try n o nterpret anything. said
I had t! I letter, and I read it, and e
gentle an Car read it.
e
O: J. Then the gentleman is
Mr. ENN
g to live us his personal judg-
not liin
his j 1st as the gentleman from
men Qn t
has?
Cali ornb
STAGGERS. I would agree with
olleague, the gentleman from Cali-
my
ia, if you - rant my personal opinion.
for
LENNOLl. That is what I asked
for , nd I that k my colleague very much.
DELLE;IBACK. Mr. Speaker, re-
M
g the right to object, will the gen-
se
tlem n from California yield for the
pu se of an : nquiry in this respect?
r
Mr MOSS. The gentleman will be
pleas to respond. The gentleman from
Orego has tl ie time.
Mr. DELLE ABACK. Mr. Speaker, do
we int rpret he position-that is, the
positio of the leadership of the majority
party, of just the individual interpreta-
tion of the t steemed gentleman from
Californ a-tc be that under the assur-
ances w 'ch hive been given to this Con-
go into recess with the
gress, if e now
intention f Ir eeting again Monday next,
there will be o strike on the railroads
prior to a time we come next into
session?
Mr. MO . That would be a most in-
appropriate i iterpretation. I have not
consulted t the leadership in an ef-
fort to arriv at their interpretation.
I have giv ; i the gentleman my inter-
pretation. I tl# nk that the letter will fully
support the it terpretation I have placed,
but I would r t presume to give the as-
surrances the gentleman seeks without
appropriate c ortunity for consulting.
I think the le , r must be read and con-
strued by eac \Member as his own
dom dictates.
next come bay k
Mr. MOSS I
he yields for Pu
in amore obi qu
other representative of
ty in this House in a
ink the gentleman, if
Mr. DELLENBACK. I yield to the
gentlemanfrom California.
- Mr. MOSS. I point out, Mr. Speaker,
that the assurance that was given here
does not come from the majority party.
Rather, it comes from an organization
known as the Railway Labor Executives'
Association. It is under the signature of
the executive secretary of that associa-
tion.
day. In other words, no action
deeply involted. I think it was given in
good faith. I ould expect them, if they
want me to a cept their assurances in
good faith, to eet the test of whether
or not it is in ood faith by having it
cover the situati n presently existing.
Mr. DELLENS CK. Reserving further
the right to obje t, Mr. Speaker, I do
not mean to engage in semantic quibbles
on this, but I inter reted the gentleman
from California as aking it explicit in
his remarks a few into. ago that he
was talking morel as one individual
Member of this Con ess, that it was his
interpretation of th lette:r that it said
certain things.
The inquiry that 'I direct to the ma-
jority is this: Is this lso the interpreta-
tion of the leadershi of the majority
party that under the ircumstances be-
f ore us, in the light the language of
the letter which is in a RECORD, which
has been received byte esteemed chair-
man of the Interstate Commerce Com-
mittee, it is now in accord with the
interpretation of the gentleman from
Mr. MOSS. Mr. esker, will the
gentleman yield furth r fora response?
Mr. DELLENBACK. es, I yield to the
gentleman from Calif rnia.
Mr. MOSS. The Ken lemon acting now
as majority leader is in no more of a
position to convey a fprecise statement
on behalf of the entire majority party
than the gentleman who is now acting as
any representative
who is in a positio
ment of the gentle
answer would be the ing that the gentleman will yield at this
point.
same.
Mr. DELLI:N
for the infori
minority and
ACK. Mr. Speaker, re- Mr. DELLEN ACK. I yield to the
the right to object, is gentleman from/California.
he House, to give us further which 'lze' eels are responsive to the
further interpretations of question.
ceived)1the majority party that our ac- given.
tiorrould bF well advised, that is, to go Mr. DELLENBACK. Further reserving
into recess a' this time or to adjourn? the right to object. Mr. Speaker, certain-
Mr. MOSS. Will the gentleman yield ly I do not question the good faith of the
for a further response? gentleman from California.
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I e 16 1967 CONGRESSIONAL REC- - r1W
H 7381
The declaration of President Nasser of "With reference to the passage into and General U Thant upon the unilateral de-
Egypt that he will not permit Israeli ships through the Gulf of Aqaba, we expressed the mand of the Egyptian dictator has been
viewed
inter-
Security,
Israel national waters and that no nation has the ill t med.yIn h e sestatement to the himself
to go throuh the
the of Tiran is of an
-General of agree sion against Straits
and represents a violation of international right to prevent free and innocent passage In Council (May 19, 1967) U Thant said: "It
law as affirmed by the United Nations Comm Shat s announcared to ed that the United can be said that the timing of the
exercise this right drawal of the U N.E F. leaves much to beide-
of the prevailing tensions and
th d
Egyptian dictator's demand for the w
t b ac-
drawal of the United Nations Emergency eral recognition of this right. Egyp, by
Force from Gaza and Sinai, and the massing cepting the six principles adopted by the
of Arab forces on every border of the Jewish Security Council last October in relation to
state are further indications that the Arab the Suez Canal, bound itself to free and open
rulers may have decided that the hour is transit through the Canal without discrimi-
ripe for the "war of annihilation" they have nation, and to the principle that the opera
cannot long threatened. Since Israel cannot be tion of the Canal should be insulated from
expected to accede passively to the tighten- the politics of any country. We should will
ing of what the. Arabs themselves have de- assume that, if Israel withdraws, Egypt
he Suez
unhappily,
scribed as a "death noose"-military and prevent Israeli shipping from using economic-about her, the danger to peace Canal or the Gulf Of hereafter violet tIf. he Armistice
in the Middle East and consequently to world Egypt p
peace is grave. The best hope for curbing Agreement or other international obligations,
the warlike designs of the Arab powers and then this should be dealt with firmly by the
for preventing a tragic conflagration lies in society o SnReons." Representative to the United Na-
announced implementation of American policy as
announced in the Tri-Partite Declaration of tions Henry Cabot Lodge, stated on March 1,
1950 and subsequently re-affirmed by every "It is essential that units of the United
American president. The American commit- N ti Emergency Force be stationed at the
ns
Foreign Minister Golda Meir on March 1, Why were the peace-keeping forces nos
1957, declared: placed in Israeli territory? In the crucial
"Israel is now prepared to withdraw its question of the Gulf of Aqaba there is no
forces from the region of the Gulf of Aqaba such geographic possibility. Israel has no bor-
and the Straits of Than in the confidence der which overlooks the Straits of Tiran, the
that there will be continued freedom of navi- point at which Egypt seeks to bar access to
gatlon for international and Israel shipping Israeli shipping through the Gulf. As far as
in the Gulf of Aqaba and through the Straits the Gaza Strip is concerned, there is no func-
of Tiran." tion for the U.N.E.F. on the Israeli side of the
As additional re-assurance, President border. It must be borne in mind that the
Eisenhower wrote personally to Prime Min- U.N. soldiers may not use force. They are ob-
i
ment is unequivocal. It applies both to the a o
territorial integrity and independence of Is- Straits of Tiran in order to achieve there the its peace-keeping purpose was achieved. In
. separation of Egyptian and Israel land and addition, on February 26, 1957, Hammersk-
reel review to of the free chain access of to the events Gulf of leading to Aqabathe sea forces. This separation is essential until fold outlined the procedure to be followed in
A and
present situation makes clear the blatant im- it is clear that the no of any claim case a demand for withdrawal of the force
to belligerent rights has established in prac- was made: the Secretary-General should in-
morality of tactics of delay. tics the peaceful conditions which must form the Advisory Committee of the U.N.E.F.
On March 1 1, , 1057, Mrs. Golds Meir, then govern navigation in waters having such an which should then decide whether to bring
Foreign Minister of Israel, stated to the Gen-
,a international interest." the matter to the attention of the General
andvthe region of the Gulf of Aqaba. These
assumptions were: that free and innocent
passage for international and Israeli shipping
in the Gulf of Aqaba and through the Strait
of Tiran would continue to be fully main-
tained after Israel's withdrawal; that the
take-over of Gaza from the military and
civilian control of Israel would be exclusively
by the United Nations Emergency Force; and,
finally, that the United Nations administra-
tion of Gaza would be maintained till there
was a peace settlement or a definite agree-
ment on the future of the Gaza Strip.
On the basis of these assurances Israel or-
dered the evacuation of points vital to her
security. The Gaza Strip, occupied by Egypt
in 1948, had been transformed into a-hostile
base from which Nasser unleashed his
fedayeen terrorists in a mounting campaign
of arson and murder. Sharm el Sheikh in the
south-eastern corner of the Sinai overlooked
the Straits of Tiran; control of this point
was essential to lifting the illegal Egyptian
blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba. The Sinai
Campaign, precipitated by the heavy massing
of Egyptian troops and Russian armor in the
Sinai desert, as well as by the documented
imminence of a "second round" was under-
taken to liberate Israel from the fedayeen
outrages and the strangle hold of the Egyp-
tian blockade. In the interests of interna-
tional peace Israel surrendered the fruits of
its victory. It accepted the assurances of the
Great Powers, particularly those of the
United States, that incursions from the Gaza
Strip would be curbed, and that free passage
through the Straits of Tiran would not be
impeded.
THE ASSURANCES
In a memorandum of February 11, 1957,
the Secretary of State, the late John Foster
Dulles, with the approval of President Eisen-
hower, said:
"The United States believes that the Gulf
rehends international waters and that
om
p
c
no nation has the right to prevent free and
innocent passage in the Gulf and through
the Straits giving access thereto. We have in
mind not only commercial usage, but the
passage of pilgrims on religious missions,
which should be fully respected."
On February 20, 1957, President Eisenhower
stated:
"I know that this decision was not an easy
one. I believe, however, that Israel will have
no cause to regret having thus conformed to
the strong sentiment of the world commu-
nity as expressed in the various United Na-
tions resolutions relating to withdrawal.
"It has always been the view of this Gov-
ernment that after the withdrawal there
Na-
should be a united effort by all of the 1 +h- area
-
e
i
sired because
dangers throughout the area." -
Why in view of this situation did U Thant
acquiesce so promptly in, carrying out Nas-
ser's demand? The Secretary-General has
stated that the U.N.E.F. could not remain
against the will of Egypt. The possibility of
an Egyptian 'request for the evacuation of
the peace-keeping force had been foreseen
at the time of its establishment. The then
Secretary-General Dag Hammerskjold
reached an agreement with President Nasser
in regard to the conditions under which the
force might be withdrawn. On November 20,
1956 Hammerskjold reported to the General
Assembly on this matter, and noted that the
General Assembly "understanding this to
correspond to the wishes of the Government
of Egypt, reaffirms its willingness to main-
tain U.N,E.F. until its task is completed."
In other words the U.N.E.F. was to stay till
o-
servers who act as checks on proposed v
lence. Since military infiltrators and terror-
ists come from Gaza into Israel and not from
Israel into Gaza, a United Nations presence is
helpful in Gaza; it is meaningless in Israel.
Shukairy's fire-eating "Palestine Liberation
Army" is now stationed in Gaza and threaten-
ing to send guerrillas into Israel. No Israelis
are trying to infiltrate Gaza.
THE PRESENT CRISIS
ons n
bg about condit
tionsrin more stable, more tranquil and more con- President Nasser has explained his massing
ducive to the general welfare than those of troops in the Sinai and his mining of the
which existed heretofore. Already the United Gulf of Aqaba as measures to forestall an
Nations General Assembly has adopted res- Israeli attack on Syria. The Soviet Union has
olutions which presage such a better future. echoed this explanation, suggesting further
Hopes and expectations based thereon were that Israel is involved in an "imperialist plot"
voiced by your Foreign Minister and others. to topple the "progressive" government of
I believe that it is reasonable to entertain Syria. The nonsensical nature of these
such hopes and expectations and I want you charges is disproven by the sequence of events
to know that the United States, as a friend as described in Prime Minister's Eshkol's re-
of all the countries of the area and as a loyal port to the Knesset on May 22, 1967:
member of the United Nations will seek that "During the night of May 15, 1967, news of
such hopes prove not to be in vain." the movement of Egyptian military forces
The United Nations Conference on the into Sinai reached us from various sources.
Law of the Sea on April 27, 1958, reaffirmed Military forces had been openly and demoll-
international law regarding passage through stratively transferred, in broad daylight.
straits in these terms: Cairo explained that this step was taken in
"There should be no suspension of the in- response to Israel's alleged preparations to
nocent passage of foreign ships through attack Syria, and concentration of military
straits which are used for international forces on the northern frontier.
navigation between one part of the high seas "Upon learning of the Egyptian troop
and another part of the high seas or territor- movements and the pretext offered to explain
ial sea of a foreign state." them, and before Egyptian forces had
THE UNITED NATIONS EMERGENCY FORCE crossed the Suez Canal, we informed the
The United Nations Emergency Force, es- U.N. that the allegations of Israeli troop con-
tablished by virtue of a General Assembly bentrations in northern Israel were baseless.
resolution of November 5, 1956 had been de- This statement was transmitted by the U.N.
ployd in the Gaza Strip and the Sinai for to Middle Eastern capitals, including Cairo.
over ten years. Its function was to act as a In his report to the Security Council on May
buffer and contribute to the peace of the re- 19, 1967, the U.N. Secretary-General states
gions. Its sudden withdrawal by Secretary- that U.N. observers verified the absence of
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CONGRES; -IONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 16, 1967
Israeli troop concentrations and Israeli mill-
tary movements on the northern frontier.
"Nevertheless, Egyptian troop movements
continued in the direction of Sinai, while
mendacious propaganda continued to pro-
ceed from Cairo and Damascus concerning
Israeli concentrations which had never taken
place.
"During the first days of Egyptian troop
movements towards Sinai, authoritative po-
litical circles in the world capitals expressed
the view that this was merely a propaganda
move, devoid of any particular military sig-
nificance.
"The movement of Egyptian forces Into
Sinai gathered strength during the second
half of last week, and today they are almost
fully deployed in eastern Sinai and various
positions throughout the peninsula.
"Before May 14, the Egyptian force in
Sinai consisted of less than two divisions,
based mainly on infantry and some armour.
Today, after reinforcements, Egyptian forces
there are of a strength close to four divisions
of infantry with armour. Furthermore,
numerous artillery units have been brought
up, and the Palestinian forces in the Gaza
Strip have been strengthened, Moreover, the
Egyptian Air Force in the Sinai peninsula
has also been reinforced."
While it is true that the Israeli govern-
ment had warned Syria to stop terrorist at-
tacks on agricultural settlements near the
Syrian border, U Thant as late as May 19
confirmed the absence of troop concentra-
tions in Israel, where as the Egyptian massing
of troops in Sinai began on May 15, four
days earlier. Whatever the reasons, it is
apparent that Nasser, whether confident of
Russian military support, or piqued by Arab
charges that he was insufficiently bellicose
and eager to re-establish his pre-eminence
in the Arab world, appears to have decided
that the moment for the "third round," the
war of final "annihilation" of Israel, had
come. In this he is, of course, supported by
the various Arab states, none of whom can
afford to appear less bellicose than the other.
Israel may well have to fight once more for
the right to live, against enormous odds.
Though the plaudits to Israel valor and
competence are fully merited, arithmetic
should not be ignored. The small democracy,
created as an act of historic justice by the
United Nations less than twenty years ago,
encircled by a hostile ring of Arab states, is
vastly outnumbered. It is essential that the
"third round," already initiated by the block-
ade of the Gulf of Aqaba; be stopped by the
international community in their interests of
world peace.
Israel is eager for peace. Prime Minister
Eshkol has offered to draw back Israeli forces
from the borders if the Egyptians will do
likewise. In his address to the Knesset
(May 22) he declared:
"I would like to say again to the Arab
countries from this rostrum, particularly to
Egypt and Syria, that we harbour no aggres-
sive designs. We have no possible interest
in violating either their security, their ter-
ritory or their legitimate rights. Nor shall
we interfere in any way In their internal
affairs, their regimes, or their regional or in-
ternational relations. We expect of them,
according to the principles of reciprocity,
the application of the same principles toward
THE AMERICAN COMMITMENT
Declaration by Britain, France and the
United States, May 25, 1950:
"The three governments take this oppor-
tunity of declaring their desire to promote
the establishment and maintenance of peace
and stability in the area and their unalter-
able opposition to' the use of force or threat
of force between any of the states in that
area.
"The three governments, should they find
that any of these states was preparing to
violate frontiers or armistice lines, would,
consistent y with their obligations as-mem-
bers of t de United Nations, immediately
take actin: i, both within and outside of the
United Na :ions to prevent such violation."
On June 1, 1953, Secretary of State John
Foster Dti les, reaffirmed the declaration in
a radio adc ress and said:
"The pr went U.S. Administration stands
fully behii d that declaration."
Presiden Eisenhower, State of the Union
Message, J uluary 5, 1957:
"We hav, shown, so that none can doubt,
our dedica lion to the principle that force
shall not ~e used internationally for any
aggressive purposes and that the integrity
and indep tndence of the nations of the
Middle Easi should be inviolate."
President Kennedy, May 8, 1963:
"In the a vent of aggression or preparation
for aggressi in (in the Middle East), whether
direct or Ii direct, we would support appro-
priate mess area in the United Nations, adopt
other cours IS of action an our own to pre-
vent or to put a stop to such aggression;
which, of c >urse, has been the policy which
the United States has followed for some
time."
President Johnson, on May 23, 1967, stated:
"To the leaders of all the nations of the
Near East, wish to say what three Presi-
dents have said before-that the United
States is fin my committed to the support of
the political independence and territorial in-
tegrity of a'1 the nations of the area. The
United Statt s strongly opposes aggression by
anyone in the area, in any form, overt or
clandestine. This has been the policy of the
United Stat< s led by four Presidents-Presi-
dent Trumi n, President Eisenhower, Presi-
dent Kenne ly, and myself-as well as the
policy of bch of our political parties. The
record of tI e actions of the United States
over the pas t twenty years, within and out-
side the Uni ed Nations, is very clear on this
point,"
THE RIGHT TO SELF-DEFENSE
(NOTE.-T ifs article is part of an address
delivered at .he United Nations, December 5,
1956, by Mrs Golds Meir, then Foreign Min-
ister of Israt 1, in regard to the Sinai Cam-
paign. We re) trint it because of its pertinence
to the presen t crisis.)
(By Golda Meir)
For eight 'ears Israel has been subjected
to the under, sitting violence of physical as-
sault and to an equally unremitting intent
to destroy th , country economically through
blockade, thr Hugh boycott and through law-
less interfere nee with the development of
Its natural re sources. Since Israel's efforts to
repulse the concerted Arab onslaught in
1948, it has 1: ad no respite- from hostile acts
and loudly pr )claimed threats of destruction.
It would be idle to pretend that the pres-
ent situation can be discussed without re-
gard to this t ?ackground, or that the causes
that precipit cted Israel's recent security
action can b' ignored. If this Assembly is
genuinely det ?rmined to restore peace to the
Middle East t must first determine from
what source a ;gressive policies derive. It will
serve little pu,,pose to isolate one link in the
chain of circu nstances, to thrust the weight
of resolution., upon one incident without
considering t Ie total effects. Unless the
United Natior. s is prepared to use its influ-
ence to preva.1 upon the countries of the
Middle East to negotiate a fundamental
solution, the Hfiddle Eastern cauldron will
continue to as ;the and the region will be a
powder-keg to others anxious to exploit its
inflammable p >ssibilities. Not only the well-
being of Israe 1, but perhaps the peace of
mankind, dem tnd that the question of re-
sponsibility fo unrest in this part of the
world be aqua ?ely faced and the causes of
tension removed.
Israel is ring :d by hostile states which in-
voke the terms of the 1949, Armistice Agree-
ment when they find it convenient, and
which flout those agreements when they find
them oppressive. They refuse to sign peace
treaties, clinging desperately to the dis-
credited theory of a "'belligerent status"
against Israel, while at the same time
piously demanding the protections of peace
for themselves. As long ago as June 12, 1951,
an official Egyptian representative defended
his country's obstruction of Israel shipping
through the Suez Canal with the following
extraordinary words:
"We are exercising a right of war. We are
still legally at war with Israel. An armistice
does not put an end to a state of war. It
does not prohibit a country from exercising
certain rights of war."
We know from agonizing experience what
these "certain rights of war" are. They in-
clude indiscriminate terror, arson and eco-
nomic attack. At the sarae time any Israeli
effort to stop murder and pillage, to make
existence tolerable for its beleaguered popu-
lation, Is met with an outcry about the vio-
lation of peace, a peace which exists only in
so faras it accords with the convenience of
those who have broken it. A comfortable
division has been made: the Arab states
unilaterally enjoy the "rights of war"; Israel
has the unilateral responsibility of keeping
the peace. But belligerency is not a one-way
street. Is it surprising if a people laboring
under this monstrous distinction should
finally become restive and at last seek a way
of rescuing its life from the perils of a
regulated war conducted against it from all
sides?
For the people of Israel this paradox is not
merely a question of logic or semantics.
Among the "rights of war" exercised against
Israel has been the fedayeen campaign un-
leashed by Colonel Nasser in the summer of
1955. These fedayeen are gunmen, trained
by Egyptian army officers and recruited
chiefly from among the Arab population in
the Gaza strip, which was captured by the
Egyptian army when It .invaded Israel in
1948. Fedayeen gangs have been planted in
Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. Very heavy con-
centrations of these fedayeen units were
stationed in the Sinai desert. Israel's narrow
borders and long frontiers make it partic-
ularly vulnerable to terror squads who cross
the border at night with i;he sole objective
of indiscriminately shooting, or bombing any
Israeli house, or any man, woman or child.
The murders committed by the fedayeen
were hailed by the Cairo radio on August
31, 1955, with words which left no doubt as
to the Identity of the organizers of these
outrages:
"Weep, - 0 Israel, because Egypt's Arabs -
have already found their way to Tel-Aviv.
The day of extermination draws near. There
shall be no more complaints or protests to
the United Nations or the Armistice Com-
mission. There will be no peace on the bor-
ders because we demand the death of Israel."
The slaughter of six ch;ldren and their
teacher in the agricultural school of Shafrir,
the bombing of a wedding in the Negev vil-
lage of Patish-these are examples, familiar
to the world, of the kind of heroic exploits so
lustily applauded by Colonel. Nasser when he
addressed a fedayeen unit its the Gaza strip
in the following terms:
"You have proven by your deeds that you
are heroes upon whom our entire country
can depend. The spirit with which you en-
tered the land of the enemy trust spread." The list of daily murders, of acts of rob-
bery and sabotage, can be Indefinitely ex-
tended. But let me only remind this Assem-
bly of the events of September 23rd of this
year on another front, when a group of ar-
chaeologists was fired upon In Ramat Rachel
from the Jordanian border. Five Israelis were
killed and 16 wounded. The next day two
more Israelis, a man and a woman, working
in their fields in different parts of the coun-
try, were killed by Jordanian units.. When
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June 16, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
in response, on September 25, deterrent ac-
tion was taken at Husan by an Israel army
unit, this action was officially described as
'unprovoked."
May I say that the people of Israel cannot
emulate, nor do they understand, this legal-
istic detachment. When their peaceable fel-
low-citizens are murdered in cold blood, in
the course of their daily occupation, they are
provoked and they demand that their gov-
ernment reflect that sense of provocation by
affording them the protection which ever
state owes its citizens and which interna-
tional bodies are apaprently unable to pro-
vide. If moral distinctions are to be made,
then let me suggest that controlled military
actions-with limited and well defined mil-
itary or police objectives-are less abhorrent,
even to the most sensitive conscience, than
wanton and indiscriminate murder which
strikes not at military targets, but solely at
civilians.
The campaign of terror unleashed against
Israel was not stopped by the intervention
of the United Nations. The cease-fire secured
by the Secretary-General last April was not
honored. Instead, despite exemplary restraint
practiced by Israel immediately after the
cease-fire agreement, violence increased on
every border. Every sign pointed to the fact
that the Egyptian dictator was about to
realize his cherished and fully publicized am-
bition of a second round aimed at destroying
Israel. He had amassed huge stocks of heavy
armaments, secured largely from the Soviet
Union and affiliated countries. He had con-
cluded treaties with Jordan and Syria
according to which the military forces of
these countries were placed under the Egyp-
tian High Command. We knew of large con-
centrations of armor and fedayeen in the
Egyptian bases in the Sinai desert and the
Gaza strip directly along the borders of Israel.
There was a minimum of reticence about the
proposed "extermination" of the small
neighboring state. We recognized the symp-
toms. Within the lifetime of nearly every
person here present a dictator arose who, like
this disciple of his, informed the world in
advance of his bloodthirsty plans. The ashes
of the crematoria, the carnage of millions, a
world in ruin, testified to the fidelity with
which he kept his purposes.
Such a lesson should not be forgotten.
Certainly the people of Israel are not likely
to forget what the threat of total extermina-
tion means.
It is not my Intention to enter into a
description of the acts of hostility of the
Egyptian government in many other fields.
But the Assembly cannot remain indifferent,
above all, to the fact that ever since the Res-
olution of the Security Council of Septem-
ber 1, 1951, and indeed, before that, the
Government of Israel has patiently striven to
solve the grave International problem of a
double sea-blockade imposed against Israel
by Egypt in the Suez Canal and in the
Straits of Aqaba. The Security Council con-
firmed the Illegality of this blockade and re-
jected the Egyptian argument of a "state of
war" by which it sought to justifying it. The
Council ordered Egypt to terminate these
practices. In October, 1956, the Security
Council repeated its call for free passage
without discrimination, "overt or covert."
Their decisions have been flouted. At the
same time Egypt and the other Arab coun-
tries have sought by every means, direct and
indirect, by organized boycott and by in-
discriminate threats against Israel and at-
tempted blackmail of countries friendly to
Israel, to cripple Israel's commerce and to
strangle her economic life. They have ex-
tended that boycott of Israel even to the
agencies of the United Nations.
{ ;Wa are a small people In a small barren
land which we revived with our labor and our
)ove. The odds against us are heavy; the dis-
;parity of forces is great, but we have no
native but to defend our lives and free-
dom and the right to security. We desire
nothing more than peace, but we cannot
equate peace merely with an apathetic readi-
ness to be destroyed. If hostile forces gather
for our proposed destruction they must not
demand that we provide them with ideal
conditions for the realization of their plans.
Nor should the sincere desire for peace, shared
by so many, be used as the shelter for such
preparations.
The action of the Israel army in the un-
populated Sinai desert served to disrupt well-
laid Egyptian plans and to liquidate new
bases of active hostility against us. The texts
of captured Egyptian military documents
which Israel presented to the Security Coun-
cil on November 15th indicate how Immi-
nent was the attack. I shall not repeat the
long and detailed directives to the Egyptian
commanders. But it would be salutary for
all of us not to forget the introduction, which
read:
"Every commander is to prepare himself
and his subordinates for the inevitable cam-
paign with Israel for the purpose of fulfilling
our exalted aim which is the annihilation of
Israel and her destruction In the shortest
possible time in the most brutal and savage
battles."
Is it conceivable that this Assembly should
view the situation in Israel preceding Octo-
ber 29, 1956 as one of peace? Why should acts
of cowardly murder of unarmed men, women
and children, carried out for years, evoke
less resentment than open military opera-
tion against nests of fedayeen and bases of
hostile forces?
The practical problems which, it is claimed,
divide the Arabs and Israel are not beyond
solution. The world has, for instance, known
and still knows refugee problems of far wider
scope than those of the Arab refugees. In
Korea, in India and Pakistan, in Greece and
Turkey, in Europe after World War IT, these
numerically far larger problems have or are
being successfully handled. Who more than
the Jewish people has endured the tragic
fate of the refugee? If to-day there is no bit-
ter Jewish refugee problem in the world, it
is because Israel supported by the solidarity
of the Jewish people everywhere and with
the aid of friendly governments has largely
solved it. There need never have been a
Palestine Arab refugee problem at all, had
it not been created by the action of the Arab
states. Given the cooperation of those same
Arab states this distressing human problem
could readily have been solved and can be
solved to-day. In its solution Israel, as has
been previously stated on behalf of my gov-
ernment, is prepared to play its part. But
while Israel was absorbing Jewish refugees to
a number exceeding that of all the Arab re-
fugees-and hundreds of thousands of those
whom we absorbed came from these same
Arab lands-the Arab states for their part,
with the exception of Jordan, were erecting
an iron wall between themselves and these
kinsmen of theirs. Since then they have lost
no opportunity for exploiting these people
as a political weapon in their war against
Israel.
The fundamental problem in the whole
situation is the systematically organized
Arab hostility against Israel. Arab enmity to-
wards Israel is not a natural phenomenon. it
is artificially fostered and nurtured. It is not,
as has been here alleged, Israel which is an
instrument of colonialism. It is the Israel-
Arab conflict which keeps the area at the
mercy of dangerously contending outside
forces. Only by the liquidation of that con-
flict will the people of the region be able to
work out their own destinies in independence
and hope. Only in that prospect lies hope
for a brighter future of equality and progress
for all the peoples concerned. If hatred is
abandoned as a principle of Arab policies
everything becomes possible.
Over and over again the Israel govern-
ment has held out its hand In peace to its
neighbors. But to no avail. At the Ninth
11 7383
Session of the General Assembly the Israel
representative suggested that if the Arab
countries were not yet ready for peace, it
would at least be useful as a preliminary
or transitory stage to conclude agreements
committing the parties to policies of non-
aggression and pacific settlement. The relpy
was outright rejection. Our offer to meet
the representatives of all or any Arab coun-
try still stands. No answer from across our
borders has come to our call for peace.
The concept of annihilating Israel is a
legacy of Hitler's war against the Jewish
people: it is no mere coincidence that the
soldiers of Nasser had an Arabic translation
of Mein Kampf in their knapsacks. Mrs are
convinced that these dangerous seeds have
not yet succeeded in corrupting the Arab
peoples, but this fatal game is one which
the Arab political leaders, should halt in
the interests of the Arab peoples themselves.
I wish at this point to renew an appeal
already heard from this rostrum to Egypt to
desist from the shameful and disastrous
policy recently initiated of wholesale perse-
cution of its Jewish population. I shall not
elaborate on the mass of detailed informa-
tion now reaching us in this connection,
some of which has been incorporated in a
memorandum which it was my honor to
transmit to you last Saturday afternoon-
the sordid and disgraceful story of deporta-
tions and concentration camps, of indignity
and spoliation, the holding of hostages to
ensure silence on the part of those expelled,
and of callous brutality. I can only hope that
the shocked conscience of the world will have
its Affect on the rulers of Egypt and that
they will yet desist, and desist at once, from
the measures on which they have em-
barked.
What ought to be done now? Are we, in our
relations with Egypt, to go back to an armi-
stice regime which has brought anything but
peace and which Egypt has derisively flouted?
Shall the Sinai desert again breed nests of
fedayeen and of aggressive armies poised
for the assault? Will certain countries rearm
Egypt for the renewed pursuit of its an-
nounced aims? Must the tragedy be re-en-
sated in the tinderbox of the Middle East?
The peace of our region and perhaps of more
than our region hangs on the answers which
will be given to these questions.
In a letter to the Secretary-General of the
United Nations of October 30, 1956, we put
the following questions:
(a) "Does Egypt still adhere to the position
declared and maintained by her over years
that she is in a state of war with Israel?
(4b) "Is Egypt prepared to enter into im-
mediate negotiations with Israel with a view
to the establishment of peace between the
two countries as indicated. in paragraph 3
of the aide-memoire of the Government of
Israel of November 4. 1956 to the Secretary-
General of the United Nations?
(c) "Does Egypt agree to cease the eco-
nomic boycott against Israel and lift the
blockade of Israel shipping in the Suez
Canal?
(d) "Does Egypt undertake to recall the
fedayeen gangs under her control in other
Arab countries?"
Is it too much to expect clear, simple,
binding answers? Are we, and not only we but
the fellow members of the United Nations, to
take as an answer the announcement on
Radio Cairo, on December 2, 1956, repeated
again later in the day, that: "The Fedayeen
Command has decided to launch a fierce
campaign within Israel during the coming
winter season"? Can the United Nations
make itself responsible for the restoration,
once again, on our southern borders of mur-
der and sabotage units pursuing a one-sided
belligerency? The blockade in the Gulf of
Aqaba is now terminated. The battery of
guns installed a few years ago by the Egyp-
tian government on the desolate shore at
the southern tip of. the Sinai peninsula for,
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CONGRES'S IONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 16, 1967
the sole and illegal purpose of preventing the
passage into the Gulf of Israel of shipping no
longer exists. Would it not be grotesque for
an international body to permit the creation
anew of the conditions which made that
blockade possible; or to permit Egypt to per-
petuate unhindered its parallel blockade in
Suez? We cannot believe that that is the
case. To do so wouldconstitute a distortion
of the very meaning and essence of the Char-
ter.
My Government has undertaken an obli-
gation to withdraw its forces from Egyptian
territory and we are implementing it. But
we must know what will be the role of the
United Nations Force after the Israel forces
are withrawn. We are certain thatit is not
the intention of the Assembly to recreate
the conditions laden with the identical dan-
gers which produced the explosion of Octo-
ber 29th.
May I remind the representative of the
Soviet Union that there was a time, not so
long ago, when they understood- Israel's
right to self-defense and appreciated the
true disposition of forces in the Middle East?
Ambassador Jacob Malik declared in the
Security Council in 1948 in words which are
as apt today as the day they were uttered:
"Since its birth the State of Israel has
declared that it will live in peace and enter-
tain peaceful relations with all its neighbors.
Israel is not to blame for the fact that this
appeal did not meet with response from its-
neighbors.
The truth is that since 1948, when the
words of the USSR delegate that I have
quoted were uttered, nothing has changed in
Israel's desire or intentions. We seek, as
before, to fulfill our historic mission of re-
building our land for our harried people and
to live in peace with our neighbors. But I
say again again that neither peace nor war
can be unilateral. A boundary must be re-
spected by two sides; it cannot be open to
fedayeen and closed to Israeli soldiers.
What does Israel want? Its requirements
are simple. We wish to be secure against
threats to our territorial integrity and na-
tional independence. We wish to be left alone
to pursue the work of developing our coun-
try and building a new society founded on
social justice and individual liberty. We wish
to cooperate with our neighbors for the
common good of all the peoples of the region.
WEST VIRGINIA REGIONAL
AIRPORT
(Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia
asked and was given permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia. Mr.
Speaker, there follows a transcript of the
June 16 radio-television interview in
which Chester G. Bowers, Director of
Airport Service of the Federal Aviation
Administration, describes the signifi-
cance of the May 15 FAA decision to sup-
port a regional airport for southern West
Virginia at the Midway site. This consti-
tutes an official, objective view which
sheds light rather than heat on the West
Virginia airport problem.
The transcript follows:
ANNOUNCER. Here today is Chester Bowers,
Director of Airports Service of the Federal
Aviation Administration, who will outline the
background and significance for West Vir-
ginia of the FAA decision to support a large
regional airport serving West Virginia at the
Midway site.
Mr. BowERs. Last month the Federal Avia-
tion Administration made a decision to con-
struct a ae w airport to provide improved air
service to i hat part of the state. The FAA de-
cision and recommendation was based on a
long study of the airport needs of West Vir-
ginia. The citizens of Kanawha County and
the city o' Charleston have recognized for
several yea ?s that they would need improved
airport fac lities to accommodate the newer
and larger aircraft that would be serving
that comm snity. Several years ago, Kanawha
County un lertook a planning study to de-
cide wheth ar it was feasible to improve the
existing at., port or whether a new replace-
ment facili y should be developed. The Fed-
eral Aviati(n Administration assisted with a
small grant in that planning study.
GUTHRIE PROPOSAL
Our agen' -y also administers a construction
grant progr..m under which we provide funds,
frequently a s much as 50%, in the construc-
tion of airp .rts. In our grant-in-aid program
for last yeas we received a request from Kan-
awha Count y for some $8 million of Federal
funds to as., ist in development of a new air-
port at the Guthrie site. This request was
based on t se planning study undertaken
which cone: uded that it was more feasible
to provide i nproved air service for the long
term future at a new site rather than im-
prove the B anawha County Airport.
TRI TATE AIRPORT EXPANSION
In that same grant-in-aid program last
year, our ag ancy also received a request for
improvemen of the Tri-State Airport to pro-
vide a 7000 fc of runway and the request asked
for some $3.6 ) million of Federal funds. Natu-
rally, when an -Investment decision of the
magnitude c; lied for here, it's prudent to ex-
amine all the alternatives. The FAA normally
would exami se the possibility of one airport
to serve adjacent communities when it's faced
with the magnitude of the requests that were
received front Tri-State and from Kanawha
County.
FAA I OCATES SITE AT MIDWAY
At the ram I time, the citizens of Hunting-
ton approach, -d the agency about the feasibil-
ity of an airport midway between Charleston
and Huntington to serve both communities.
The FAA located a site that was suitable for
airport Bevelpment and consequently de-
ferred action on the requests for aid from
both Kanawh i County and Tri-State. At the
same time, w! urged the state and affected
public agencies to study their long-range air-
port needs an d to unify a proposal or pro-
posals to satis y those needs.
. When no uI tiled proposal was evident, the
FAA accelerate d its studies and after a rather
intensive stud ? of some five months, we have
concluded the . it 'is in the most public inter-
est to develop a single airport.
In the cours ~ of those studies we examined
three principz 1 alternatives. We examined
first of all and in some depth the possibility
of improving he present airports. Tri-State
and Huntingte n can be improved to provide
long range nee Is by extension of the runway.
We estimate hat Tri-State could be im-
proved to prov de a 7000 foot runway for ap-
proximately $4 9 million.
WHY EXPANSIOI i OF ISANAWHA AIRPORT IS NOT
FEASIBLE
Kanawha Co znty Airport at Charleston is
another matter, It has some distinct advan-
tage in beings close in airport. Our studies
show that a 7e 00 foot runway can be con-
structed on the existing site. This would be a
new runway. loch construction, however,
would require i relocation of - the National
Guard area, aid we concluded that a new
runway would -ost approximately $9.4 mil-
lion. Even wit i this cost, we looked very
carefully at wh sther or not the existing air-
port, improved with a new 7000 foot runway,
could meet the future needs of the Charles-
ton area. We th,.ught very definitely that the
possibility of mproving Kanawha should
either be ruled in or ruled out before we
examined a new site. Our studies have led us
to concluded after consultation with the air-
lines, after consideration of many factors, and
after making our own forecasts, that a 7000
foot runway at the Kanawha Airport would
be a stop-gap measure, that 7000 feet, while
meeting today's needs, would not meet needs
as far ahead as 1975. Therefore, if we sup-
ported the development of a new runway
at Kanawha County we would again be in
the same situation we are today, come 1975.
So, we concluded, as did Kanawha County
several years ago, that a new site was needed.
ANALYSIS OF GUTISRDl ALTERNATIVE
The alternative sites were the Guthrie site,
located some 12 miles from Charleston and a
Midway site, located between Charleston and
Huntington, some 27 miles from downtown
Charlestown and 33 miles from downtown
Huntington. The Guthrie site has the advan-
tage of being closer to the majority of the air
travelers. At the present time, the Kanawha
County Airport boards about three times as
many domestic scheduled passengers as does
Tri-State. The Guthrie site is suitable for
development of a 7300 foot runway that will
serve the short-range needs. The site has
capability of runway expansion of 10,000 feet.
There are no smog or fog problems as there
are at Kanawha. But the cost of development
of a runway at the Guthrie site we estimate
to be slightly over $22 million. If Guthrie is
developed to -serve Charleston, Tri-State
would need also to be further improved to
serve the Huntington-Ironton-Ashland area,
and here you have an additional cost of ap-
proximately $4.9 million.
ADVANTAGES OF MIDWAY SITE
We then looked very carefully at the Mid-
way site. This site is also suitable for run-
way development in the first stage of 7300
feet and ultimately to 10,000 or longer.
The weather conditions at Midway are ap-
proximately the same as those at Guthrie.
The distance, as I mentioned, is greater. The
cost of development of an airport at the Mid-
way site would be approximately $19 million.
The Midway site has an additional advan-
tage in that you would not need improve-
ment of Tri-State at the same time. In other
words, development of an airport at Midway
would serve the common carrier needs of
the entire area.
On total balance, therefore, FAA came to
the conclusion that the convenience to pas-
sengersin some degree at a Guthrie site was
more than offset by lower total cost of airport
development at the Midway site, and an op-
portunity to share that cost among a wider
population base. And Midway has the addi-
tional advantage of providing the opportu-
nity for improved service by having one air-
port to serve the entire area. Of course, the
more passengers you have at a particular air-
port the better prospects you have of long-
haul, non-stop flights.
COST ESTIMATES FOR MIDWAY
ANNOUNCER. Mr. Bowers, would you please
break down for us the Midway figure of $19
million." Does this include navigation aids,
access roads and the terminal building?
Mr. BOWERS. Included in our costs for Mid-
way was a terminal building, the access road,
the navigation aids that would be provided
by FAA, the site preparation, grading, earth
moving and paving of facilities. As a matter
of fact, the difference in costs between the
Midway site and the Guthrie site Is almost
entirely the earth-moving cots of providing
a level platform for the airport. We used the
same cost figures in our estimates for both
sites. For instance, we used a figure of 80
cents per cubic yard for earth moving, and
the cost we used for terminal building and
navigational aid, access road were identical
at both sites. We also used the same costs of
paving the 7300 foot runway at both sites.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 16, 1967
aNfay'28, 1967, in which you request the De-
partment'of Defense position relative to cer-
tain aspects of NASA's space program.
The first point you mention relates to the
need for the NERVA engine for military
purposes. The Department of Defense has no
Identifiable requirement currently or in the
foreseeable future for such a nuclear rocket
engine. We will, of course, continue to ex-
amine the technology developed under
NASA's nuclear engine program for possible
military application.
In regard to your second point, we do of
course have a substantial industrial base
which currently supports our Defense efforts.
Our military space systems are an integral
part of our national defense posture. The
majority of industrial facilities and govern-
ment installations which support the De-
partment of Defense space activities also
support the NASA space program. I do not
believe that any special network of NASA
space installations is necessary to assure that
industrial input will flow with ease from all
portions of the country into such plants in
event of large scale military operations.
Should the need arise, the flow you suggest
can readily occur within our present indus-
trial structure.
I feel that the main contribution of NASA's
space program to Defense is in the tech-
nology being developed rather than in major
items of hardware. I believe that NASA's re-
search and technology programs contribute
substantially to the nation's industrial capa-
bility. The Department of Defense of course
draws on this capability to provide more
effective space systems to enhance our mili-
tary capability. Technology contributions
from NASA programs in areas such as space-
craft power supply, life support, and attitude
reference and control subsystems, for ex-
ample, have been utilized in DOD space sys-
tems.
Questions of surveillance and weaponry are
military in nature. While much of the basic
spacecraft technology developed by NASA
could contribute to a space surveillance sys-
tem, the contribution to a ballistic missile
capability would be substantially less. In
fact, the DOD ballistic systems and tech-
nology programs, which have contributed
heavily to NASA's space effort in the past,
are expected to provide technology advance-
ments of value to NASA in the future, par-
ticularly in such areas as guidance and con-
trol, upper stage propulsion, and reentry
materials.
I sincerely hope that these comments will
be of assistance to you.
Sincerely yours,
JOHN S. FOSTER, Jr.
LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM
(Mr. GERALD R. FORD asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute.)
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker,
I take this time for the purpose of asking
the distinguished majority whip as to the
program for the rest of this week and the
schedule for next week.
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, will " the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. I yield to the
gentleman from Louisiana.
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, it is my in-
tention after announcing the program
and after 1-minute speeches and the oth-
er unanimous-consent requests, to ask
unanimous consent that the Speaker be
allowed to declare a recess today pending
the action of the other body with respect
to the joint resolution which we adopted
on yesterday. That Is the balance of the
program for this week. There is nothing
else scheduled.
For next week, Monday we will have
the Consent Calendar. Also we will have
five suspensions. They are:
H.R. 611, to establish a Federal Judi-
cial Center;
H.R. 10730, Older Americans Act
Amendments of 1967;.
House Joint Resolution 601, temporary
extension of emergency provisions of
urban mass transportation program;
H.R. 480, extending the act relating to
the acquisition of wet lands for conserva-
tion of migratory waterfowl; and
H.R. 482, authorizing an increase in
fee for migratory bird hunting stamp.
On Tuesday we will have the Private
Calendar, which is to be followed by the
conference report on the draft bill, S.
1432, extension of Universal Military
Training and Service Act. This will be
followed by H.R. 10480, to prohibit dese-
cration of the flag, which will be heard
under an open rule with 2 hours of de-
bate. This will be followed by H.R. 2082,
to authorize travel, transportation, and
education allowances to members of
Armed Forces for dependent schooling,
with 1 hour of debate and an open rule.
On Wednesday we have the Increase in
the public debt limit. This is subject to a
rule being granted and a report being
filed.
On Thursday we have H.R. 10340, the
NASA Authorization Act of 1968, which
is also subject to a rule being granted.
The gentleman from Maryland [Mr.
FRIEDEL] tells me that there are several
resolutions from the Committee on
House Administration of a noncoi)tro-
versial nature which he hopes to bring
up on Monday or Tuesday.
Also, this announcement is made with
the usual reservation that conference re-
ports may be brought up at any time
and any further program will be an-
nounced later.
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Can the gen-
tleman from Louisiana inform the Mem-
bers what the situation may be as far as
a session tomorrow is concerned?
Mr. BOGGS. I can only speculate. My
guess is that there will not be a session
tomorrow, but as of now we are un-
aware as to whether or not the other
body will request a conference on the
resolution we passed only yesterday. Of
course, it is conceivable that they could
request a conference and conferees could
be appointed and the conferees could
meet and the conference report might
be available by tomorrow. My own guess
is that will not be the ease.
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. I thank the
gentleman.
DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR
WEDNESDAY BUSINESS
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani-
mous consent that the business in order
under the Calendar Wednesday rule be
dispensed with on Wednesday next.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Lou-
isiana?
There was no objection.
MAKING IT IN ORDER FOR THE
SPEAKER TO DECLARE A RECESS
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani-
mous consent that it may be In order for
the -Speaker to declare a recess, subject
to the call of the Chair, at any time
today.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Lou-
isiana?
There was no objection.
ANTIRIOT LEGISLATION
(Mr. GURNEY (at the -request of Mr.
DUNCAN) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. GURNEY. Mr. Speaker, today I
am joining with several of my colleagues
in introducing a resolution calling for
action on the antiriot bill. This legisla-
tion was passed in the form of. an amend-
ment to the civil rights bill last year by
a vote of 389 to 25 in this body. Yet the
Judiciary Committee has not acted upon
the legislation.
Warnings of "a long hot summer"
spread across the land, and already we
have seen violence in three of our cities.
While the antiriot legislation does not
pretend to be the cure for all violence in
our streets, it does outlaw professional
agitators who move from place to place
inciting riots and disturbances.
The people of this country want and
desire relief from the, fear that lives in
the streets of our cities, both North and
South. They want and desire agitators
like Stokeley Carmichael, to be dealt with
promptly and firmly.
Through the antiriot legislation, in-
vestigative authority would cross State
lines, and the power to prevent violence
and destruction would not be confined
to State and local authorities. Most es-
sential, it would allow the Nation to deal
with what is a national problem, not just
the affair of one State or city. The ac-
tions of the professional riot inciters
threaten the life and property and rights
of every American, whether he lives in
the largest city or the quietest small
town. None of us is safe.
I feel, Mr. Speaker, that this House
has a responsibility here and that we
have been prevented from fulfilling it.
We should now have the opportunity to
consider this legislation on its own mer-
its, which are many, and show the Na-
tion that we are not afraid to stand up
to the people who advocate and work
for the destruction of our homes, busi-
nesses and lives through violence in our
streets.
I urge the adoption of the resolution
calling for House action on the antiriot
GALLANT ISRAEL
The SPEAKER. Under previous order
of the House the gentleman from New
York [Mr. RYAN] is recognized for 15
minutes.
(Mr. RYAN asked and was-given per-
mission to revise and extend his remarks
and to include extraneous matter.)
Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, today there Is
a frail and tenuous armistice in the Mid-
dle East. Having achieved a spectacular
military victory, Israel has good cause
to fear that she may lose the peace.
The recent hostilities against Israel
were the latest in the past 20 years
during the Arab nations have considered
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House o , _r sentatives
II )AY, JUNE 16, 1967-,,,
The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch,
D.D., offered the following prayer:
Hear, 0 Lord, when I cry with my
voice: have mercy upon me and answer
me.-Psalm 27: 7.
0 God, our Father, who art from ever-
lasting to everlasting, strengthen us and
steady us in this shaken world. Though
circumstances change, help us to keep our
hands in Thine, and our faith in Thee
firm with a deepening trustand a grow-
ing confidence.
Deliver us from small concerns about
ourselves, from majoring in minors, from
being torn by trifles, and help us to think
great thoughts, to act from great motives,
and to live by great deeds. Thus may we
continue to keep our Nation great in
might and in spirit.
We wait upon Thee for the benediction
of Thy grace to free us from fear and
futility, to quicken our spiritual life, to
exalt our hopes for our country, and to
deepen our faith in righteousness, good
will, and peace.
In all things keep us close to Thee. In
the name of Christ we pray. Amen.
THE JOURNAL
The Journal of the proceedings of yes-
terday was read and approved.
MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE
A message from the `$enate by Mr.
Arrington, one of its clerks, announced
that the Senate had pass d a bill of the
following title, in which the concurrence
of the House is requested:
S. 1577. An act to complem nt the Vienna
Convention on Diplomatic R ations.
PERSONAL ANNOUNO MENT
(Mr. JONES of Missouri as ed and was
given permission to address th House for
1 minute and to revise and xtend his
Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker,
since the Members of the Ho se were
denied the opportunity of have g their
votes recorded when final act on was
taken on House Joint Resolution 59 yes-
terday, I am taking this opport ity to
:announce and to have it appear the
RECORD, so that there will be no q stion
about what my position was on this egis-
lation, that I voted against the P per
amendment, because I thought it was
against the final passage of the joint
resolution. Of course, these were all voice
votes, and unfortunately the RECORD does
not show even the number who stood, in-
Just a4otht T instance where the RECORD - "The majority of industrial facilities and
fails ref ect the true record of what goixrnment installations which support the
transpires (n the floor of the House. Dep ment of Defense space activities also
enders nd why so many Members ap-
space ins',pllations is neces..ary to assure that
pear so any lous to avoid being recorded industrial l+tiput will flow with ease from all
on legis ati(n involving principles which portions of ie country into such- plants in
lox ge scale military operations.
were so igc rously debated for 2 days and the event of
Yet app ar ;o be anxious to be recorded Again the ''
Department of Defense
,
on non nt'oversial issues, such as the offered:
Defense a )artment appropriation bill, I feel that ti% main contribution of
also pass d ;his week, with only one dis- NASA's space pr m to Defense Is in the
senting v to technology being dveloped rather than in
(Mr. RYi DT asked and was given per-
mission to' ~ extend his remarks at this
point in tho RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
Mr. RYAP'. Mr. Speaker, I have been
greatly cone Fork about a proper defi-
nition of pr( rams and benefits by the
space agency or that intelligent decisions
may be mad,, concerning national space
objectives, CE articular interest is the
issue of milit i considerations and pos-
sible applica ;ia}n of NASA's efforts and
expenditures t4 the national defense.
This issue ht s 1 en raised by NASA on
several occas on
On April 1 ), r example, while mak-
ing acase fol th immediate production
of flight hard wa for the Nerva nuclear
rocket engin(, . Adams told the Ad-
vanced Resei rch and Technology Sub-
committee:
In addition, i f co rse, this rocket will have
other applicat ons as well. We do know
something aboi tw at the Soviets are doing
and it is unfor tuna e we can't discuss that
part of it here .. ause of the classified
On April 5 Ja
nationwide Ti' int
We wanted a
spacecraft and the
site. We wante( th
ever had to fly t:g
big boosters he: e
mplex that Included
In line with concern, I directed a
letter to the 3 retary of Defense on
May 18 askini or a statement of his
Department's stion on the military
significance of NASA's space program.
I received a rep y of May 31.
Regarding ie Nerva nuclear rocket
engine, the a tense Department letter,
signed by t Director of Defense Re-
seeabl future :or such a nuclear rocket
engine,
H 7373
And finally:
The DOD ballistic systems and technology
programs, which have ntributed heavily
to NASA's space effort 1 the past, are ex-
pected to provide technology advancements
of value to NASA in the f~i;ure, particularly
in such areas as guidance aid control, upper
stage propulsion, and reen,ry materials.
In the event that vario` s Members of
Congress may be consi( ring NASA's
potential military significa ce as relevant
to their evaluation of NASA's budget re-
quests, I thought it appro riate that I
release both the text of th letter I re-
ceived from the Departmen of Defense
and my own letter of inquf
The full texts of both letters follow:
MAt 18, 1967.
Hon. ROBERT S. MCNAMARA, It
Secretary, Department of Defense,
The Pentagon, Washington, D.C.I
DEAR MR. SECRETARY: There have been sev-
eral recent references to the possille military
significance of NASA's space proggam.
Two points are most promineptly men-
tioned: (1) That military (class. ed) con-
siderations lend urgency to the mmediate
production of NERVA engine High hardware
for testing, and (2) that it Is d sirable to
have a network of space installat on across
the country so that in the event of large scale
military operations, industrial input could
flow with ease from all portions ofthe coun-
try into NASA's plants. ?
I specify these points, but I am so inter-
ested in the Department of Defen e position
toward the entire concept of N A's mili-
tary importance, if any. It woul be useful
to consider separately such questilbns as sur-
veillance and weaponry, as well a, to have an
overall view- of NASA's actual imjact on our
defenses.
I will be most grateful for yo r assistance
in spelling out your Department position on
these matters at the earliest possible time.
With best regards,
Sincerely, {
WILLIAM 1~. RYAN,
Member?uf Congress.
DIRECTOR OF DE/E1CSE
RESEARCH AND ENpIN EERING,
Washington, D.