KRYSENKO ON AIR-DEFENSE CONTROL SYSTEMS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP69B00369R000200080035-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 6, 2004
• Sequence Number: 35
• Publication Date: October 12, 1966
• Content Type: REPORT

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y;efcrenee Date: 12 October 1966
Kryscn:co On Air-Defense Control Systems
At the present time, a particularly important role belor s to
tlie air defense of the country. The fast development and im rovcment
of means of attack equipped tiith tlaeruonuclear weapons which are
capable of inflicting irreparable damage on a country, destroying in
a very brief time the most important military objectives and the
largest industrial, economic, and cultural centers, require the corre-
sponding development of means of defense.
Included at the present tine -znong meant of delivering weapons
of r.-.ass destruction are strategic bombers, ballistic missiles of
various ranges, and intercontinental and global missiles. MMioreover,
as the foreign press indicates, space means of attack are being
developed which are also capable of carrying nuclear weapons.
Despite the appearance of new, more modern means of attack,
modern strategic aircraft, as carriers of weapons of mass destruc-
tion., still constitute a large portion of the armaments system, and
in the majority of countries, are the sole means of air attack.
Strategic bombers Will still constitute for a relatively long time
a serious and dangerous means of attack. Therefore, along with other
types of defense (antimissile and. antispace), antiaircraft defense
of the country will still be of great importance for many years.
The great progress in the development and tactics of the use of
moans of air attack (increase in the speeds of strategic bombers)
capability of mass air attack, etc.) requires a drastic improvement
in the air-defense system. The necessity arose many years ago for
developing new methods and means of operational control of TO Tr ooos
which correspond with modern methods of conducting combat operations.
This method of modernizing air defense consists of centralization and
automation of control of all air defense means. It should be noted
that the PVO Troops were one of the first branches in the system of
the Armed Forces where" automation of control of combat equipment and
troops was introduced.
Control of the troops in modern conditions is a very complex
process which is proceeding to a large extent in a dynamic manner,
with the participation of a large a.t.ount of forces and means, with
vast streams of information, and with a high degree of inter-
relationship of all factors and all elements of the complex system.
2
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Accuracy of control depends to a large degree on the comnleto and
prompt calculation of all factors which influence the course of
operations, i.e., on complete and prompt receipt of iniorj:atior_ a,acut
environ:sental conditions and events. Without the information there
can be no control, and therefore the questions of transfer of
tary information along corarmurications channels and its proces:~ing in
var:i.ous links of the control system are very important for the ;process
of control.
Electronic computers hold a central place in the automation of
the processing of troop control. Their introduction in the troops
was necessary not only because they facilitate or, in certain cases,
replace the work of many people, but also because without then it is
impossible to compute in a limited time and find the most effective
variations of operational-tactical. decisions.
Depending on the correlation of manual and machine work in th e
process of control, the system can be either automatic or partially
automatic. If the electronic 'computers in the control system can
completely replace man and exclude him from the closed control cycle,
this is kno,~m as an automatic systemm.
however, in the system of control of military operations, by
virtue. of their characteristics (dependence of processes on a lame
number of factors, multiplicity of flows of various categories of
information, complex interrelations zips, influence of results of
decisions on the life of the, people, etc), the adoption of the optimum
operational-tactical decision is a particularly creative process.
The main function of control -- the final decision -- remains tr th
the human-commander. Therefore, each system of troop control, in-
eluding the air-defense system, cannot ever be completely. automatic,
it T?iill be merely partially automatic.
The amount of missions carried out by the electronic computer in
controlling the troops will depend mainly on the development of
operational-tactical and mathematical principles of using computer
techniques for troop control. ;one degree of use of computers or the
dew ce of automation of a system in troop control will depend on how
completely and thoroughly all the processes of control are analysed;
on how successfully the methods are round for resolving all the
siors which arise in conducting an operation
, pn how correctly criteria
are determined for evaluating the combat capabilities of one's troops
and the forces of the enemy, and on how completely developed are the
algorithms for resolving these missions....
(cont'd)
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A typical exanple of an auto::nated system of troop control is the
US semi-automatic system for control of active air-defense Lree s, the
SAGE system. A detailed account of this systen, in accordance with
data of the open foreign press, is presented in this boo::....
Because specific obvious or concealed interrelationships
in nilitary affairs anong various branches of troops, i_.e., ti-c- urc
all individual links of the overall systen of the L,:nod Forces, it
is no acciicn that there has recently been a tendency to create
co; ni-A1.ex systems of automated control with a high degz ce of centrali-
zation of control. Characteristic in this regard, for e tisr;ple, is
the aspiration to .unite into a single complex the aircraft defense,
nissile defense, and space defense systems with centralized control
from a single central command post. This is partially being realized
by uniting the systems of detection and creating a single systen for
obtaining data for aircraft, missile, and space defense. Moreover,
there is a tendency, and work is already being done, to create a
single automated system of control of all the armed forces of the
United States.
With such tendencies in development of the troop control syst.en,
the study of the structure and operation of the SAGE system and other
automated systems for control of air-defense means whose principles
can to a large extent be transferred to other troop control syste s
is of great important and is of interest not only to specialists
working in the air-defense field, but for those in the field of other
military control systems....
Coiooents from introduction to book
Scvrenenn rre Sisterly PVO (N'odern Air
Defense Systems), Moscow, Mia.li.tary
Publishing House of Ministry of Defense USSR
By G. D. KRYSENKO
(signed for the press 12 October 1966)
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On top,_are two very good excerpts from books.
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