PROTOCOL

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 27
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 28, 2000
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: June 6, 1964
• Content Type: REGULATION

Li c A
4
p p rove d For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
*NASA Declassification/Release Instructions on File*
PROTOCOL
FOR THE ESTAbLISNMENT OF A SPECIAL DIRECT COMMUNICATIONS LINK =TEEN
THE WORLD TET'EOROLOGICAL CENTERS IN IviOSCOW AND WASHINGTON IN ACCORDANCE
WITH TI E bILATERAL AGREENEMT ON OUTER SPACE DATED JUNE 8, 1962 TETWEEN TEE
ACADENv OP SCJEWEN OP THE USSR Alq) TM NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ALNINJSTRATIOW OP TM USA.
1. This Protocol has been prepared to implement the bilateral Agreement
in Outer Space, dated June 8, 1962, between the Academy of Sciences of the
USSR and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the USA, as
well as the First Memorandum of Understanding dated March 20 and May 24,
1963.
2. In anticipation of the availability of meteorological satellite
data for exchange by early 1965, it is agreed to establish, in the third
quarter of 1964, a duplex twenty four hour communications link between.
Moscow and Washington, for transmission of meteorological information.
Assuming there are no technical difficulties of any kind, it is agreed that
each side will use its own terminal equipment and apparatus and that the
telegraph,signals will be sent in accordance with International Telegraph
Code 2. The communications link and the terminal equipment and apparatus
will conform to CCITT standards, and will be operated according to an
z?ruedschedukoftransmission 06T-hoto, facsimile, and teluL;raph signis.
. IL w:.; agreed that the link would be routed via the following
points Moscow-Warsaw-Berlin-ia'urt-London-Washingwn.
4. The principle of equal sharing of costs will be achieved through
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP671300558R000100100008-1
a method of settlement whereby the USSR and.the-USA will pay full costs
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
-2-
of the communications link between Washinaton and MO3COW for periods of one
month. The Ulk will nay for the first month after establishment of the link
after which the responsibility for payment of costs will be assumed by
the parties alternately for each one month period.'
5. After the link has been determined to be operatinc satisfactorily,
the parties, in a manner to be determined by correspondence, will invite to
a meetinc; the W.0, weather services operatin3 in the territories throuji
which the communications link passes, and any other weather services
interested in acquirin access to the communications link on a receive-only
basis. Each such weather service will ma!::e a proportional contribution to
the total expenses of the communication link.
This special Protocol may be terminated by either party on 60 days
notice
.-
FOR 1111A:
naL:n L. Dryden
(?John W. Townsend
Ceneva? ;.;wit=riand,
June 6, 1964.
POR TI- E ACZIDaa OF SCIENCES OF DI,' USSR:
L. Bla3enravov
Badalov
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
SECOND REMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
TO IMPLIMENT TBE BILATEML SPACE
AGREEMENT
OF JUNE 8, 1962
BETWEEN THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
OF THE USSR AND
THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION OF THE US
- PREAMBLE
The purpose of the present Memorandum of Understanding is
to (1) advance the implementation of the sections of the bilateral
space agreement of June 8, 1962 dealing with a coordinated
meteorological satellite program and a world magnetic survey
using satellites; and (2) to provide for new cooperation in the
preparation of a major review and projection of work of the two
countries in space biology and medicine.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
T
?L C??13-134araeWigkeirkWalre 01/43:fierd I AL11/610447 B00558R000100100008-1
This section of the Second Memorandum of Understanding to Implement the
Bilateral Space Agreement of June 8, 1962 supplements Section II of the
First Memorandum, dated March 20 and May 24, 1963, and replaced the
Appendix attached to that Memorandum.
A. EXCHANGE OF CONVENTIONAL METEOROLOGICAL DATA
1. Conventional data of equivalent type will be exchanged over the communica-
tions link between the World Meteorological Centers in Moscow and in Washington,
provisions for the establishment of which have been determined by a separate
protocol in accordance with transmission schedules to be agreed by exchange of
correspondence between the Chief, U.S. Weather Bureau, and the Chief of the Hydro-
meteorological Service of the USSR.
(a) Collectives of upper-air data. Transmissions should be completed
within four hours of observation time.
(b) Collectives of surface synoptic weather reports. Data
available in Washington, within three hours of observation time,
for the area of North and Central America and the North Atlantic
and North Pacific Oceans, will be transmitted to Moscow. Data
available in Moscow, within three hours of observation time,
for the areas of Eastern Europe, the USSR, South Asia and the
Southern Pacific (WMO Regional Association V), will be transmitted
to Washington.
(c) in addition, the following charts will be transmitted by
facsimile on a time available basis:
(I) Forecast contour charts for 1,000, 500, 300 and 200
millibars, for periods up to 72 hours, if available.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP671300558R000100100008-1
-2-
(ii) Vertical motion forecast for a level between
850 and 500 mb, or for the levels 850, 700 and
500 mb.
(iii) 500 mb. vorticity chart.
(iv) Sea level isobaric five-day forecast.
(v) Thirty-day temperature and precipitation forecast
for the continent of the transmitting country.
(vi) Special charts for aviation such as tropopause
chart and significant weather distribution chart*
3. When practicable, charts exchanged will cover the area of the
Northern Hemisphere. Polar stereographic projections will be used. for all
chart exchanges. Analysis and prognostic charts having a scale Of 1230
million or 1240 million will be used. Special charts exchanged on request
would be on scales most convenient for the transmitting country.
4. Men satellite data becomes available, it will have first priority
as provided in the First Memorandum of Understanding. Priorities for
conventional data will follow thereafter in the order prescribed above. It
is recognized that, due to the experimental nature of satellite programs,
there may be periods when satellite data will not be available at Moscow
or Washington and satellite data exchange will be temporarily discontinued.
5. Status of the exchange will be reviewed formally early in 1965$
and at six-month intervals thereafter, to ascertain whether the purpose
of satellite data exchange has been achieved and to evaluate the usefulness
of continued direct exchange. If satellite data does not become mutually
available within a reasonable time, the exchange of data over this special
link will be discontinued.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
III - MAGNETIC FIELD SURVEY THROUGH THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL SATELLiTES
A. EXCHANGE OF DATA
1. It is agreed that the exchange of magnetic observatory data between
the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and NASA of the mit, provided for an
described in IV, paragraph 6, of the First Memorandum of Understanding
(Geneva, 1963) is to be conducted in the volume of data for the years
1964 and 1965, and will be carried out through World Data Centers A and B,
located, respectively, in Washington and in Moscow.
2. It is agreed that magnetograms and monthly tables of the following
Observatories
USSR USA
Yakutsk Sitka
Sverdlovsk College
Irkutsk Fredericksburg
Odessa Tucson
Tashkent San Juan
Guam
for the years 1960-1963 will be transmitted to World Data Centers A and B
before the end of 1964.
3, It is agreed that the exchange of magnetic survey data taken without
the utilization of satellites, provided for in 1V, paragraph 0, of the First
Memorandum of Unde7stand1ng (Geneva, 1963) will be conducted through World
Data Centers A and B, located, respectively, in Washington and in Moscow.
. MAGNETIC MAPPING
1. It is agreed to review the possibility of utilizing satellite measure-
ment results for the composition of a magnetic map for days of slight
disturbance and to exchange review results with the other side.
Approved For Release 2001/138/28?.:DAB DP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
IV. SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Discussions concerning the areas of mutual interest in Space Biology
and Medicine have resulted in the recognition of the desirability of
cooperation in this field and have produced the following agreement:
1. To proceed with the publication of a two or three volume work
to contain a review of the fundamental achievements and problems of space
biology and medicine over the past 10 years, including aspects of future
development in this field, and to regard this work as a first step toward
further cooperation.
2. By means of correspondence between the Academy of Sciences of the
USSR and NASA of the US to establish an Editorial Board co-chaired by a
Soviet and a,U.S. scientist, with equal representation of the two
and with the following responsibilities;
(a) To agree on suitable titles for the entire work as well
as for the separate volumes.
(b) To agree on the title of each chapter and to develop
an outline of the contents of each chapter. A tentative
outline of the work for the Board's consideration is
appended.
(c) The Editorial Board will offer COSTAR an opportunity to
forward any comments COSPAR might wish to make on the
proposed table of contents 7within an agreed period of
time.
S.
(ii) The U.S. representativeA on the Editorial Board will select
the U.S. authors; the Soviet representatives will select
the Soviet authors. Each chapter will appear in the final
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 :_9IA-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
volumes in two parts, one emphasizing Soviet work in the
field and prepared by the Soviet author, the other
emphasizing U.S. work and prepared by the U.S. author.,
(e) Arrange for a system Of correspondence and for scientific
and editorial review of the manuscripts.
(f) Provide for an agreed system of writing the contents and
for the sequence of placing the articles.
(g) In exceptional cases, which shall require the unanimous
consent of the editorial board before any invitations are
directed to any authors, a combining of the articles of
two authors into a single article may be effected, or a
single author commissioned to write a given chapter.
3. The publication plan will be as follows:
(a) Each volume of the series will appear both in English and
Russian. The English language version will be published
ie-United7States, the Russian version i:i=4:74347.741v
(b) Each Each side will prepare translations of the material supplied
by the other into its own language and each translation will
be reviewed and edited by the side of origin before
publication.
(c) The costs of work performed within each country including
costs of translations, editing and travel of its nationals
will be borne by the respective country.
(d) The time schedule will be:
1 October, 1964
1 December 1964
. Establishment of the Editorial Board.
- Final Plan of contents and identifi-
cation of and instructions to authors.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : 9A-RDP671300558R000100100008-1
1 July 1965 - Deadline for manuscripts.
1966-1967 - Publication of all volumes.
4. After receipt of the manuscripts of all materials, during the
fourth quarter 1965 - first quarter 1966,- discussions between the two
parties (Academy of Sciences of the USSR and NASA of the usil) will be held
on the state of the problem and the work conducted in the two countries,
and a determination will be made of possible forms of further cooperation
of the two countries in the field of space biology and medicine including
a commoh program of joint research,
5. The parties agree that they will continue their normal participation
in the meetings and other work of the international scientific organizations
in this field,
???????????
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
V. EFFECTIVE DATE
The recommendations proposed in the present document have a preliminary
character and will be presented by both parties to the Academy of Sciences
of the USSR and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the US
for final consideration. If either of the two parties finds it necessary
to make any corrections, additions, or deletions in the text of the prepared
documents, then all of these changes shall be forwarded within one month of
this date, by correspondence, which will be sent to the following address
in Moscow:
Academy of Sciences of the USSR,
Ieninski Prospekt 14,
Moscow, USSR.
and to the following address in lihshingtons
National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
Attention: Dr. Hugh L. Dryden,
400 Maryland Avenue, S.W.,
Washington 25, D.C.,
U.S.A.
If in this final consideration there is failure to agree on any of the
major areas, the recommendations in the other major areas will continue in
effect.
FOR NASA:
high L. Dryde
John VI, Townsend
Geneva, Switzerland,
June 6, 1964.
FOR THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR:
A. Blagonravov
..4.? ? -e
A. Badalov
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP671300558R0001001000HANDia
CONTENTS OF "THE FOUNDATIONS OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE"
(Review of Fundamental Problems, Achievements, and Prospects for Development)
VOL. I PART I INTRODUCTION
Fundamental problems, general significance, and
probable lines of development of work in space
biology.
PART II OUTER SPACE FROM A PHYSICAL. AND BIOLOGICAL. POINT
OF VIEW
CHAPTER 1. Physical properties of the cosmic
environment (outer space), which are important
from a biological point of view.
CHAPTER 2. Planets and satellites of the solar
system from a physical and ecological point of view.
CHATTER 3. Biological action of environmental
extremes (simulated under laboratory conditions).
CHATTELl. Exobiology. The search for and study
of extra-terrestrial forms of life.
CHAPTER 5. Methods of exobiological research.
CHAPTER 6. Methods of sterilization and -
prevention of uncontrolled transfer of forms of
life..
VOL. II PART III MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF MAN1S FLIGHT
INTO SPACE
CHAPTER 1. Environmental conditions during space
flight. Programs and prosp0Cts for research.
CHAPTER 2. Radiation safety during space flight..
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
4 Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
-2- APPENDIX
CHAPTER 3. Foundations of gravitational biology.
CHAPTER 4. Accelerative forces during space flight.
CHAPTER 5. Weightlessness and artificial
gravitation.
CHAPTER 6. Psycho-physiological problems during
prolonged space flights.
VOL. III PART IV SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTING AND SUPPORTING MAN IN SPACE
FLIGHT
CHAPTER 1. General principles for the construction
of protective systems for man.
CHAPTER 2. Closed life support systems for man.
CHAPTER 3. Work physiology and ability to work
in space flight.
CHAPTER 4. Biological indices for manned space
flight trajectories. Review of flight experiment
results with animals and other organisms.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
UBJ
SECRET
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 -: GIA-RDPA7B00558R000100100008-1
4 '
tor (3ciionce & Technology)
25X1A
Agreement
r your telcon request of 26 June 1q84, attached
please tind the position support paper on the proposed
UU-UStalt operative program in Space Biology and Medicine.
25X1A
ribut on:
ig V*I - Addressee
2 - AA/SI
LSD/SI
Alligliggpirj/751 (29 Jun 64)
25X1A
SEPTI
Approved For Release 4014162d CIA-R6P6'76'
558R004100100008-1
rT
Approved For Release 200f 22 -RDP67600558R000100100008-1
2.
r
OR THE
. US-USSR Coope
and Medicine
In principle the propcsed
**us to both sides and represents
expanded cooperation in a mutual
ever certain precautionary mamaures are mdi-
regard to the initial stage of co-authored
on. Various critical problems also will arise
end stage of cooperative reeearch and development.
LO
As outlined V of the OOBPAR
sent4 a variety of critical problem areas ar. to be
covered which are of concern to both sides. Several
areas represent a paucity of available hard data due to
inherently difficult experimental conditions and others
are concerned with subjects on which information is
speculation or philosophical In character. On balance.
the net return of new information to the United states
probably will be small, If matched against the open
literature now available. Volume /. Part 1 (Introduction)
represents a coincidence of general thinking among
investigators of all nations as revealed in previous
international meetings. The one element of a timetable
for planning and development of "work in Space Biology"
is a secure matter in the USSR and probably will not be
revealed under these circumstances. Volume I Part II
Water Space from a Physical and Biological Point of
View) includes study areas wherein the United States
clearly has greeter strength than the USSR. This is
particularly evident in Chapters 1-3. Chapters 4-$ are
rens where hard information has fully demonstrated
little it any Soviet capability. Revelation of this
information would be a gift to the USSR with no chance
of 4oviet factual return and little control over whether
the Soviets 'would use the procedures properly to ensure
a planetary sterile preserve.
sr .2PT
igtg-
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP671300558R000100100008-1
Approved For Relearr2001./08/28_:.CIATROP B00558R000100100008-1
Cooperation in Space Biology
an Medicine
Volume II, Part III Medical and Biological
Ptohlems of *Ws night into Space) represents a combi-
nation of secure Soviet information (Chapter 1? specific
aspects of Chapters 2, 4, and 0, little data due to
limited earth-bound experimental conditions (Chapter 3)*
and a current U.S. state-of-the-art and technological
advantage (Chapter 8).
Volume III, Part IV (Systems for Protecting and
Zapporting Man in Space Flight) includes one area
(Chapter 1) which, would be advaatageous to the United
4ates should the 3oviets choose to reveal details of
their Vostok environmental control system (suit and cape.
aule). Intelligence information now indicates that the
manned Vostok program is in its final phase and that the
major Soviet bioastronautics effort has been concentrated
on prolonged Cover 14 days) manned flight for about two
years. Specific design and operating details of the
Voetok life support system may well be outdated by the
time these publications are published. In addition, a
commitment has new been made by the Soviets to reveal
7nd display the Vostok system to U.S. sources. The sub-
jects of Chapters 2 and 3 represent a dilemma to both
participants in that they are major requirements for
prolonged flights and their development is at an early
stage. The Soviet data in support of Chapter 4 already
have been revealed in considerable depth via open
I iterature.
3.
eor information continues to demonstrate that
the soviets are not interested in cooperation within
artlas where they have strong capabilities due to greater
effort or unique space flight experience. They will not
tooperate on development of environmental control systems
for prolonged flight since they would have to reveal,
among other things, the size of their proposed larger
vehicle, how they achieve a tighter capsule than the
United Aston has, what their basis for closed ecological
uyetems is to be, etc. They will not offer to cooperate
Q4 the extremely critical factor of cardiovascular
Oseenditioning since they would have to reveal their
extensive and at times unique approach to care and
Approved For Releqe2001
Kr515
/171300558R000100100008-1
_
S'a, ET
Approved For Reledle2001/08/28 dIAAtil7B00558R000100100008-1
CO-operation in Space Biology
icine
monitoring of the cosmonaut for periods over 14 days,
the accelerative and decelerative fercee expected from
new generation vehicles, specific deeign of artificial
gravity systems now under developmert, etc. They will
not cooperate on development of suiting without umbelical
cord requirements since tbis is an uneolved problem for
the Soviets and the United States, and any advances mould
reflect on Soviet capabilities to accomplish rendezvous
lnd docking their planned 111014 and manned lunar landing
operations.
Areas which they intend to offer for cooperative
r-zeoreh and development include exobiology and sterili-
zation of spacecraft, psychophysiology of space flight,
study of vestibular problems of *As in specs flight, and
problems of demineralization. The aforementioned are
areas where Soviet knowledge and technology has faltered.
4.
nclus
a. For the initial cooperative stage (pub-
lication) the Soviets mast be closely monitored
is to detail and quality of content equal to the
U.U. effort. The recent emergence of key
investigators and responsible authorities in
space biomedicine should be used to certify
proper authoritiee rather than spokesmen or
eeienaifie-eolitical personalities write and
edit the separate Soviet contributions.
Ly. itevelation of U.S. know-how in a number
:A areas will be manifestly one-sided. This
aAy be turned to advantage by making conditions
for Soviet revelation of details in areas 'where
they excel (e.g., environmental control systems).
Q. Cooperative research and development
abould be curtailed to include,a few are**
where there are opportunities for trade-off.
Present indications limit cooperative effort
for the next two to three years to cardio-
vascular problems and new devices for physio-
logical monitoring of space crews.
4:ft
SECRET
Approved For Relea ,2 01/08/28 : CIA-ROP B00558R000100100008-1
_
SECRET
Approved For Releage-1207,01/08728:-Ci4:Rb15-8/B00558R000100100008-1
Lij ? .
AJBJXCT: US-USdh Cooperation in 3pace 114 y
aud Medicine
o. All informatiou exchanges should be
a4ade only after certification that the 3oviet
wprk, in fact, supplements available open
sources of davtat literature, such as the com-
prehensive Volumes I II, and III of ProbleSs
21-122S2-MA2124a.
25X1A
Deputy Chief
Life 6ciences
Aistribution:
0ric IA 1
2,- AQ/SI
L-X 14111/61
u3 L80411111111:irj/75.13 (20 Jun 64)
25X1A
,
,S
-1,...,..
7 .ECRE
,
I Approved For Release 201/08/281: GIA-RDP67BD 558R000100100008-1
1
1
i
i
Approved For Release 2001/0S/ECREL-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
26 JUN 196A
IVEHOPA\IDUM FOR: Chief, Action :?:.',taft/DDS6'I'
25X1A
ATLIT1I0,4:
SUBJECT: Cooperation with the USSR -in Space i'latters
1. Attached is a Staff Study on the :Pro:posed US-Soviet
idlateral :-Ap..-,een-len-L on Outer, Space: Section e1 Li -Lo
teorological Satellites and Geatiapetic Survey.
2. The study is based on talks with U.S. participants in
-no rx:?cent bilateral discussions in C_eneva and on our intellirence
coverage of Soviet scientific and space proiTams. The conclusion
is drawn that no objection should be interposed in the bilateral
a.:-Teenents on meteorological satellite and magnetic survey progranr3.
Chief
(:;eneral Sciences Division, SI
C0i4CURRENCE
25X1A 2 9 JUN 1964
Assistant )irctor, SI
Attachment:
Staff Study on the Proposed US-Soviet
Bilateral 4reement on Outer Space
Distribution:
Orig 1 - addressee
2 - AD/SI
2 - GSD/SI
3- AGB/CSD/SI
Date
OSI/GaD/AGB/AMMEMMEMM/7261 (26 Jun 64)
25X1A 'Kip
F.10)2,11 Irom ouiernatic
Approved For Release 200 EfIA-RDP613um5?1R00010 100008-1
- declassification
25X1A
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
SECRET
June 19611
STAFF STUDY ON THE PROPOS:0) US-SOVIET BILATI.,'EAL
AGE.E.,g1Lvir ON OUTER SPACE: SECTIONS RiffATING TO
MATEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES AND GEOMAGNETIC SURVEY
Background
On I I,,arch 1962, President Kennedy addressed a letter to
Premier Khrushchev proposing joint efforts in space research. Ana:1-
th? proposals was the joint establishment of an nearly operational
weather satellite systein desip2d to provide global weather data
for prompt use by any nation, also a cooperative effort in conducting
a magnetic survey of the earth.
On 19 March 1962, the United States placed President Kennedy's
proposals for US-Soviet cooperation in space research before the
75nited Nations and publicly invited suggestions and a response from
the USSR.
Following informal talks in New York between representatives of
the two countries and an exchange of correspondence between the heads
of two nations, a series of meetings to explore possible areas of
space cooperation was held in May and June 1962 in Geneva between
Dr. Hugh L. Dryden and Academician A. A. Blagonravov. The meetings
resulted in a tentative agreement concerning three projects in which
the two countries could cooperate: (i) the exchange of weather data
from satellites and the eventual coordination of the launching of
meteorological satellites; (ii) a joint effort to map the magnetic
field of the earth by means of coordinated launchings of scientific
satellites and related ground observations; and (iii) cooperation
in the experimental relay of communications via the Echo satellite.
Those technical recommendations were submitted to the two governments
for final approval.
The United States and the Soviet Union on 5 December 1962
announced their formal agreement to ratify and execute the cooperative
space efforts outlined in the Dryden-Blagonravov agreement of
June 1962.
il_commendations outlining procedures for implementing the
bilateral agreement were formulated in _Rome in March 1963. In July
and August 1963, an exchange of letters between Drs. Dryden and
Ala'ronravov formally brought into effect the first Memorandum of
Understanding to Implement the Bilateral Space Agreement.
au
Approved For Release 2001/ml.
imugli1C-RDP
GROUP 1
,., troll automatic
t ;R000
duciaositication
00100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 ?C,14.RDP671300558R000100100008-1
%RI
26 June 1964
On 6 June 1964 a Second Nemorandum of Understanding to Implement
the Bilateral Space Agreement of 8 June 1962 was signed in Geneva,
Switzerland by Drs. Dryden and Blagonravov. Purposes of this latest
Memorandum of Understanding, as announced, were (i) to advance the
implementation of the coordinated meteorological satellite and
-v;orld magnetic survey programs; and (ii) to provide for new
cooperation in the preparation of a major review and projection
of the work of the two countries in space biology and medicine.
The Coordinated Meteorological Satellite Program
Comments.--The latest Memorandum of Understanding provides
for an exchange of conventional and satellite meteorological data.
A separate protocol will provide for a communications link between
Washington and Moscow to exchange the data. No specific schedule of
meteorological satellite launchings is provided. The program is
recoGnized as experimental and will be reviewed periodically beginning
in 1965 at six month periods. If data is not mutually useful or
available the exchange over the present link will be discontinued.
On first consideration, it might appear that the United States,
because of its Greater experience in the launching and use of meteoro-
logical satellites, stands to lose more than it will gain in its
agreement with the Soviet Union for a coordinated meteorological
satellite program. However, the program should be examined in the
light of other related U.S. programs and policies before drawing such
a conclusion. Actually, under the U.S. announced and implemented
policy of making its weather satellite data freely available to the
world, the USSR and other countries are already receivinG the U.S.
data regularly and routinely over the international meteorological
communications network (sponsored by the World Meteorological
Organization of the United Nations.)
The international exchange of meteorological data has been
Going on for years and the results of the U.S. weather satellite
observations in the form of nephanalyses (cloud analyses) have been
added to the conventional surface and upper air weather reports. (1;_ven
the Communist Chinese participate in the international exchange of
weather data.) Thus the U.S. weather satellite results are trans-
mitted and available to the Communist countries in digital form and
- facsimile. The Soviets are using the U.S. data for operational
and research purposes. They have published at least two books and
several articles in the scientific literature based on Tiros data.
Approved For Release 2ogy as. CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08%,:n9R14DP67B00558R000100100008-1
aturit: 1
hi June 1904-
The only S&T advantage that the Soviets could obtain from the
cooperative meteorological satellite program, therefore, is that they
would probably obtain the U.S. data slightly quicker and in somewhat
greater detail over the Uashington4floscau communications link. This
improved data exchange is not considered especially significant
because the present exchange is adequate for most purposes.
On the other hand, the proposed cooperation will make it
possi'Dle for the United States to monitor the proL;ress of the Soviet
eeteorological satellite prograu and to receive Soviet data which
--Ight not othal-e-rise be available. fl-len both countries have fully
developed their weather satellite programs, it is likely that they
will be independent of each other, but they could be used to complement
each other.
At present and for the next few years it appears that the main
advantage to the United States of the cooperative meteorological
satellite program with the Soviets is the political and propaganda
value. The bilateral agreement and particularly the policy of
sharing with all other countries the results of our weather satelli'60
observations demonstrates U.S. willingness to share the rewards of
its space program with other countries. This U.S. policy has been
very effective in building up P.S. prestige in the space area because
its practical benefits are easily. recognizable.
21 "possible benefit from the cooperative -program is that the
United States may learn more about Soviet space systems.
The possibility that the Soviets will obtain reconnaissance
data under the guise of a meteorological satellite is somewhat remote
because the orbit of a weather satellite is probably too high for
effective reconnaissance. At any rate, this hazard does not seem
to be any greater with an agreement than without one.
Recommendation.--Yo opposition to the weather satellite
Proposal is recommended.
The Cooperative Magnetic Field Survey
Cannents.--Although this was first visualized as an exchanTe
of magnetic data obtained by means of satellites supplemented by
surface data from regular magnetic surveys and observatories, the
latest Nemorandum of Understanding contains no Provision for exchange
of satellite magnetic data. A vague provision calls for a review of
the Possibility of exchanging magnetic maps based on satellite
feasurements.
Approved For Release 2001/041g?1;)9f-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 20049142kt IA-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
W./AZ I
26 June
According to a U.S. participant in the negotiations leading to
this agreement, the Soviets are afraid that their magnetic measure-
ments obtained by means of satellites can be used by the United States
for military purposes, therefore they have insisted on deleting any
brovisions for the exchange of such data. The U.S. participant is
continuing to try to convince the Soviets that the data cannot be
used for such purposes but is on-k, valuable for scientific research.
The fact that the U.S. I'lavy has some classified programs involving
the acquisition of magnetic data is probably known to the Soviets.
The Soviets have released some magnetic data obtained by their
nonmagnetic ship Zarya and some data obtained at the Soviet Antarctic
stations, but they are reluctant to release magnetic data from the
USSR.
11.3. magnetic data is probably of 'better quality than that of
the USSR since Soviet magnetometer development lags that of the
United States, however the Soviets are making progress in this area.
The United States also has more useful satellite magnetic data than
has the USSR. Cosmos 26 was the first Soviet satellite to carry a
total field magnetometer whereas the U.S. first accomplished this
with Vanguard III.
Under the World Magnetic Survey program, the United States
regularly releases to all nations magnetic data obtained by satel-
lites, observatories, and unclassified surveys; therefore the bila-
teral agreement to exchange data would provide little or no additional
data to the Soviets. The exchange probably would make the U.S.
data available to the Soviets somewhat earlier than at present, but
this is not considered of great importance.
Under the Memorandum of Understanding, the United States would
receive magnetic data from five Soviet observatories and 1.0111.e, survey
data taken without the use of satellites in exchange for similar U.S.
data. This would result in the acquisition of some data not now
available from the USSR, particularly that obtained during the period
1,X0 through 3_963 (the period between the end of the IGY and the
beginning of the IQSY).
The foregoing facts indicate that the United States stands to
gain more Soviet magnetic data under the bilateral agreement than it
would otherwise, whereas the USSR would not acquire any significant
now magnetic data from the United States. The possibility remains
that the Soviets will eventually agree to exchange satellite magnetic
data.
-.iocommendation.--That no objection be made to the -proposed
netic data exchange.
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 ? c141-RDP67B00558R000100100008-1
111:1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
MEMORAND* FOR:
FORM NO . 10 REPLACES FORM 10-101
1 AUG 54 I WHICH MAY BE USED.
(47)
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
SEC. CL.
ORIGIN
cr,
DATE OF DOC
6/23/64
1
DATE REC'D DATE OUT
LI 23/64
SUSPENSE DATE
TO
FROM
SUBJ.
arXrt*i 4701-M.CIA
(;;"crix?:Tel.:1,1x:k
?
CONTROL NO.
D/::1,424*le,46'4464
CROSS REFERENCE OR
POINT OF FILING
DATE
SENT
ROUTING
COURIER NO.
IANSWERED
NO REPLY
6
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
TRANSMITTAL SLIP
DATE
TO:
ROOM NO.
BUILDING
REMARKS:
Note, this is an
before receipt of
which is awaiting
signature.
advanced copy
the original
25X1A
FROM:
ROOM NO.
BUILDING
EXTENSION
FORM NO
I FEB 55
REPLACES FORM 36-8
WHICH MAY BE USED.
* GPO 1957-0-439445
(47)
Approved For Release 2001/08/28 : CIA-RDP67600558R000100100008-1
1M8,12871
UNCLASSIFIED
CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
DATE
25X1 NAME AND ADDRESS
INITIALS
ACTION
APPROVAL
COMMENT
DIRECT REPLY
CONCURRENCE
Remarks:
DISPATCH
INFORMATION
PREPARE REPLY
RECOMMENDATION
RETURN
SIGNATURE
0100008A
Bill:
I see nothing wrong with the proposal.
As a matter of fact, this kind of in-
formation is already being exchanged.
The agreement, however, will not buy us
anything unless it also involves visits
to laboratories. You might want to
check this out with Dr. n OSI.
FOLD HERE
TO RETURN TO SENDER
FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO.
A )proNOKFASigalge 204N61/1
UNCLASSIFIED I I CONFIDENTIAL
FORki.tp. 9,47 Use previous editions
22
DATE
25 June
(40)
U 5 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1961 0-987262
25X1A
25X1A
0008A
25X1A
0008-1
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
Chiefs Action Staff/DDSaT
Attn:
Room #3E30
DIRECT REPLY
DISPATCH
FILE
INFORMATION
FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER
FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO.
Appro
FORM NO. 037 Use previous editions
4.
(40)
u.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1961 0-5872.82.
?1