A FOREIGN ACADEMY: TO MATCH THE COMMUNISTS EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. KARL E. MUNDT OF SOUTH DAKOTA IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES WEDNESDAY, MAY 8, 1963

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• Collection: General CIA Records
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• Sequence Number: 34
• Publication Date: May 8, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

1963
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A2847
alive for many, many years beyond, so many And, I might add, that includes job adjust- are being mentally restored, but what about
years, that from our vantage point in the ment,too. society? Is society in need of being mentally
future, we shall be able to look back upon the National Association for Mental restored, as well? Could society stand a
this decade with the perspective that only Health recently issued figures reinforcing shot-in-the-arm of some sort of wonder drug
passing time can bring. the President's views. Said-the association: called "human understanding?" What about
From our watchtower of the future, what 7 out of every 10 mental patients can recover the raised eyebrows, the whispers, the shakes
do you think we shall see? Will the 1960's partially or totally, if only they can be' of the head? Are society's attitudes toward
be the decade of the nuclear bomb? Of Cas- treated In a first-rate hospital. Further, the the .mentally restored as healthy as they
troism? Of a split between Russia and chances of getting out of the hospital have should be?
China? Of American firmness in foreign gone up dramatically. Back in 1952, you had I have the uneasy feeling that although
policy? Of automation? Of equal rights for a 50-50 chance to be discharged within 6 rehabilitation and treatment may be suit-
all races? Of the Jackie Kennedy hairdo? months; today, you have an 80-20 chance. able for the decade of the sixties, our public
Of what? The Vocational Rehabilitation Adminis- attitudes are lagging behind, and fit more
We certainly shall see all of these. But I tration has an equally hopeful view of the readily in the gaslight days of the horse
predict we shall see something more--some- fight against mental illness. Today, says and buggy. Hence the vast importance of
thing, I think, that will outshine them all. VRA, some 6,600 mental patients are being the work you are doing, the work the Presi-
What will stand out in the 1960's will be a rehabilitated each year. If the trend con- dent's committee is doing, the work of all
renaissance, a new era, for the mentally Ill tinues in the future at the same rate it has the mental health associations in the Na-
and mentally retarded of America. I believe in the past, by 1970 about 13,600 will be re- tion, the work of all others who are attempt-
the revolution we are beginning to see will habilitated, more than double today's num- Ing to change public attitudes.
loom like a beacon throughout future his- ber. That's not all. If VRA engages in an I do not think I am exaggerating current
tory. I believe the 1960's will go down as intensified program of rehabilitation of the day backward attitudes.
years of progress in man's fight against men- mentally ill, the 1970 total will be much Two psychologists in New England re-
tal illness and mental retardation. higher, between 16,000 and 20,000. cently conducted a 3-year study of- attitudes
Today, I want to concentrate on the men- The Veterans' Administration, too, has of 200 employers in the Boston area. About
tally ill, although the story of the mentally been reporting a hopeful outlook for the three-fourths of the employers interviewed
retarded is just as dramatic, with mentally mentally ill. Each year, in about the same said yes,. they would be willing to hire ex-
retarded men and women just now learning number of hospital beds, the VA has been mental patients. Hopeful, isnt' it? But
to live full lives, learning to' work, learning treating 'more and more mental patients listen:
to support themselves, men and women who, 37,000 in 1957; close to 50,000 today. In the Despite what they said, only 27 out of the
not so long ago, would be wasting away in future, the numbers will continue, to grow. total of 200 actually did hire the mentally
America's back bedrooms. The key here is turnover. Not only are more restored during the 3-year period. One in
In the field of mental illness, just look at patients coming into the hospital, thus ten. What about the other nine? A need
the evidence around us. whittling down waiting lists; but more pa- for attitude change. Definitely.
The fact that there is a Committee on tients are coming out. Men who, in an ear- National Ichologitionow for Mon the ental t afltfl fothe
the Mentally Handicapped of the President's her time, would be destined to spend all their N
Committee; the fact that there is a Mental lives in the hospital are being restored to conducted a study of more than 1,000 manu-
Health Subcommittee of your own Minne- their communities. A 66 percent turnover facturing. concerns throughout the United
sota Governor's Committee; the fact that rate in 1955; an 80 percent turnover rate States. According to his study, more than 60
there are similar subcommittees being today. A higher percent in the future, percent of the employers had attitudes rang-
formed by growing numbers of Governors' Turnover means hope. It means recovery. ing from lukewarm at best to icecold at
committees all over America; the fact that There's another noteworthy VA develop- worst, not at all conducive to job prospects
President's committee annual meetings and ment. Recently, VA approached seriously for the mentally restored. You could count
regional meetings regularly feature discus- disabled Korean war veterans, those rated as the warmly enthusiastic with one hand.
sions of the problems of employment of the 100 percent disabled, to attempt to encour- Still another study by Dorly Wang, noted
mentally restored; the fact that Governors' age them to take vocational rehabilitation researcher in public attitudes, uncovered
committees, like this one, give serious con- training. Included were 160 with serious something else about employers. She found
sideration to the problem, all these facts, mental illnesses, rated as totally disabled. that the average employer had this mental
and many more, -add up to a new concern, a Today, 8 out of every 10 either are still in picture of the mentally restored: tense,
growing awareness of the problems and training or have been rehabilitated. Only 2 rather than relaxed; hard to get along with,
prospects of the mentally ill today. Fur- out of 10 didn't make the grade. A miracle? rather than easygoing; emotional rather
ther, all the facts'I have cited are new ones. Perhaps; but such miracles are happening than calm; dependent rather than self-re-
Think back a mere 10 years ago. Could I all over the country. liant.
have said the same things then? Was there There are other developments, equally That certainly doesn't paint a picture of
a Mental Health Subcommittee in Minne- hopeful, in just about every community in an ideal employee, does it? Of course it's a
sota? our land. Drug therapies, "reaching" mental false picture, not related to fact; yet, how
Look beyond this room and the interests patients when all other forms of treatment many jobs has this stereotype prevented the
we represent. Look to other aspects of the seem useless-"day" hospitals and "night" mentally restored from filling?
renaissance of the 1960's. hospitals, so that patients can either live I am a psychiatrist and not a physicist.
The President of the United States only at home and receive treatment during the But I have studied enough physics in school
last month issued- a. historic document, the day, or work during the day and receive treat- to know that when an irresistable force meets
first Presidential message ever devoted ex- lent at night-"halfway" houses and day- an immovable object, look out. You get an,
clusively to the mental health and mental care centers, staging areas, you might call explosion. Think for a moment what we are
retardation problems of our Nation. them, to community living-even the new faced with:
One Senator summed up the President's "walk-in" psychiatric service recently insti- On the one hand, growing numbers of
message this way: "Here the President was tuted in a couple of cities, where troubled patients leaving hospitals after treatment
speaking for an overlooked and discarded people can drop in any time. Ten years for mental illness, prepared to live in the
fragment of mankind, that has no lobbyist, ago, who ever heard of any of these? community, full of hope, ready for work,
no voice, no power, no votes even. The We have it within our means to make anxious to leave the whole episode of their
President asked not for some little gesture obsolete the forbidding gray structure on the mental illness behind them and start anew,
of relief, but meeting the issue broadside, edge of town, the "institution," that houses the kind of fresh start any man ought to be
he asked that we seek to conquer it com- all too many of the mentally ill and that entitled to.
pletely With a 'wholly new national ap- - can't begin to give them the kind of treat- On the other hand, backward attitudes to-
proach: " ment that would restore them to society. We ward the mentally restored; the refusal to
I am sure you are familiar with the Presi- have the means, now, of operating a new day, recognize there can be such a thing mental ill--
that from
dent's message. A major part of his "wholly a hopeful day, for the mentally ill. tal r e recovery
you are l ill-
new national approach" is to create a net- The mentally ill are being rehabilitated, ness; sharp suspicion men-
work of comprehensive community mental in greater and greater numbers. They are tally ill, you always are mentally ill, no mat-
health centers where the mentally ill can returning home. Men and women who, a ter wha ; closed oars; evthe en, as times, an
receive a variety of services, without having more decade ago, would have nothing to look nwilngness to to leave home-diagnosis, cure, rehabilita- forward to other than lifelong hospitaliza- expatient.
tion. Through this approach, the President tion are coming home again. This is the There you have the situation: More and
r
said, it should be possible within another miracle of the sixties. This is the miracle Work, but mental patients able tong find work ready for
A dilemma? Perhaps.
10 or 20 years to reduce the number of that will live long in history. public attitudes.
mental patients under custodial care by 50 This mir Sole, this renaissance, this dawn of of p tare bright spots on the horizon.
percent or more. of a new day, brings us up against the burn- Let t there h iva obright some.
"If we apply our medical knowledge and ing question of the sixties. What about g y
social insights fully," the President said, the mentally ill who return home? Will they The Ida S. Latz Foundation in Los Angeles
"all but a small portion of the mentally Ill be able to find employment? Will businesses has just made available a sizable grant for
can eventually achieve a wholesome and con- and industries come to accept them? Will the preparation of a book, the likes of which
structive social adjustment." the doors be open? The men and women does not exist anywhere today-"A Guide
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A2848 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- APPENDIX May -8
to Job Placement of the Mentally Restored."
The author is former children's editor and
mental health writer of the New York Times,
Mrs. Dorothy Barclay Thompson.
Perhaps you're wondering how a guide-
book, aimed at professional placement and
rehabilitation specialists, could possibly
change employer attitudes, The answer is
this:
If, through the guidebook, professional
placement techniques can be improved; if,
through proper placement, the mentally re-
stored obtain employment where they stand
a better than average chance to succeed,
then, every such person becomes not just
one more successful employee, but same-
thing more, a sort of ambassador-at-large
for all the mentally restored everywhere. If
Mr. A can do It. the reasoning goes, so can
Mr. B. and Mr. C.
The first placement is always the most
crucial. It is the "icebreaker." It paves
the way for others. The guidebook, by
bettering the chances for that all-important
first placement, actually can help to batter
down the doors of prejudice.
Another weapon in the President's com-
mittee arsenal is a soon to be published flier
for employers considering hiring the mental-
ly restored. This will give an employer the
A-B-C's of mental illness and mental health.
and enhance his understanding of the men-
tally restored person he is contemplating
taking on.
Still another weapon is a modest single
page monthly President's Committee News-
letter, a clearinghouse of workable, imagi-
native local community programs aimed at
broadening opportunities for the mentally
restored and mentally retarded. The news-
letter started a year ago with a circulation
of 1,000; circulation has gone up 10 times
to 10,000.
Still other weapons are open discussions
of the job problems of the mentally restored
at President's Committee meetings and Gov-
ernors' committee meetings, such as this.
At the annual meeting in Washington, for
example, on May 9 and 10, a featured attrac-
tion will be a panel on employment of the
mentally restored, chaired by Philip Ryan,
executive director of the National Associa-
tion for Mental Health.
There's a new weapon, just being formed.
at the suggestion of an ad hoc committee
of the President's Committee, the Civil Serv-
ice Commission and the National Association
for Mental Health have joined forces to
hammer out a vast program of education
and orientation for all supervisors in the
Federal service. As the Civil Service Com-
mission sees it, persons on the hiring line-
"grassroots" supervisors-must be convinced
in their own minds and hearts of the capa-
bilities of the mentally restored, If ex-mental
patients ever are to be granted equal oppor-
tunity. By convincing supervisors, the Com-
mission reasons, opportunities for qualified
mentally restored persons In the Federal
service should grow appreciably. Purpose of
the orientation program, then. is to con-
vince those who hire that mental Illness is
certainly no ending point to a man's ability.
I have given you but a few scattered ex-
amples of the massive attack on prejudice
and misunderstanding that Is just now
being mounted in America. Many, many
organizations and agencies are allied in this
allout battle. The President's Committee-
the National Association for Mental Health-
the National Institute for Mental Health,
the American Psychiatric Association, the
Vocational Rehabilitation Administration,
the Veterans' Administration, the U.B. Em-
ployment Service, the American Medical As-
sociation, the National Association of Man-
ufacturers, the AFL-CIO, the mass media of
America, the clergy of all faiths, women's
organizations-the list is long and impressive.
But the battle will not be an easy one.
The roots of prejudice against mental Ill-
ness run deep. They do not give way easily.
Too often, the defense weapon is a "Yes,
but-." An agreement for the sake of agree-
ment, yet the doubts remain in the heart.
The ultimate success of the allout battle
does not rest with the headquarters of the
organizations I have listed. It does not rest
with the "they" of the shopworn phrase,
"they ought to do something about it." It
rests with all of us, in every city and State
in the Union. We have to kindle our own
enthusiasms first, we have to convince our-
selves that the mentally restored are richly
deserving of equal opportunity. before we
can go out and convince others. Once we
are steamed up. we can go out and conquer
worlds. And melt prejudice.
The stakes are high. Men and women are
coming out of mental hospitals after having
spent decades there. The most effective
therapy in a mental hospital is the dream:
"after I get out of here, I'm going to-"
Going to what? Work? Yes? That "yes"
is up to us.
So we are caught up in a new day. a re-
naissance, an exciting era of hope for the
mentally Ill. A good part of the realization
of that new day rests In our hands, yours
and mine. For employment is tied up In the
resurgence of hope. Employment: our part
in tfie miracle.
It we carry out our part well, and If we
live long enough, we shall some day pause
to look back upon these exciting times of
the sixties, and we shall see the full measure
of the revolution going on about us.
Then we shall see plainly the depth and
breadth of our role in this ongoing revolu-
tion. And then we shall have the greatest
of all rewards: the knowledge that we with
our own hands, have helped create a miracle.
May we all reap the satisfaction.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. CLARENCE CANNON
Or MISSOURI
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, May 8, 1963
Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, under
leave granted to extend remarks in the
RECORD, I include a resolution unani-
mously agreed to by the Missouri House
of Representatives, as follows:
Housz RxsoLUTios 121
Whereas the forests of this State consti-
tute one of our most valuable and produc-
tive resources: and
Whereas much of the progress in the de-
velopment and utilization of this important
resource in recent years has resulted directly
from the capital gains treatment of timber
under the Internal Revenue Code of the
United States; and
Whereas the substantial elimination of
capital gains treatment for the owners of
forest lands, in the manner now before the
Congress of the United States. would seri-
ously hamper the continued development of
Missouri's timber Industry; and
Whereas the jobs of thousands of our citi-
zens who depend directly or indirectly on
our timber Industry would be jeopardized:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the House of Representatives
of the 72d Missouri General Assembly, That
the Congress of the United States be re-
spectfully petitioned and requested to con-
sider the possible effects upon the economy
and progress of a great segment of the State
of Missouri in enacting any legislation af-
fecting the tax treatment of timber; and be
it further
Rcsolvcd, That the chief clerk of the house
send suitably prepared copies of this reso-
lution to the Members in the Congress of
the United States frlOm Missouri.
A Foreign Academy: To Match the
Communists
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. KARL E. MUNDT
OF SOUTH DAKOTA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Wednesday, May 8, 1963
Mr. MUNDT. Mr, President, the dis-
tinguished and objective American col-
umnist, Roscoe Drummond, has a most
interesting and persuasive column in
this morning's issue of the Washington
Post dealing with the issues raised by
the testimony before the Senate Com-
mitt a on Foreign Relations on the need
for a Freedom Academy,
I ask unanimous consent that the
Drummond commentary be printed in
the Appendix of today's RECORD. It pro-
vides additional reasons why having
done too little for too long to try to win
the cold war we do not prolong our
Ineptitude by failing to develop an effec-
tive mechanism now so that at long last
we can begin winning victories in the
nonmilitary aspects of the contest now
being waged between communism and
freedom.
There being no objection, the column
was Ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
A FOREtON ACADEMY: To MATCH THE
COMMUNISTS
(By Roscoe Drummond)
Following the public hearings, the Sen-
ate and House Foreign Relations Commit-
tees will soon report to Congress their find-
ings on an administration proposal to create
a National Academy of Foreign Affairs. They
can reach one of three conclusions:
That the proposed National Academy, de-
signed to make training, education, and re-
search a more effective Instrument of foreign
policy, is just right and ought to be enacted.
That while the National Academy is a long-
delayed step In the right direction, it des not
go far enough and ought to include the
broadsr concepts of the Freedom Academy,
which already has wide bipartisan backing
In Congress.
That there is no need for anything, that
both projects-the National Academy and the
Freedom Academy-in any combination are
unnecessary, that everything is just dandy.
Of these three conclusions the least de-
fensible, the most harmful, would be a deci-
sion to do nothing.
The one thing we cannot afford is to look
back at the reverses we have experienced in
the struggle against communism since the
end of World War II and pretend that every-
thing has been going well.
But .f we admit that things have not been
going well-the Communist bloc has moved
its periphery to Cuba-and still decide that
we have been doing the best we can, such a
decision can only mean that we are unwilling
to mobilize our full resources to win.
This is why it would be a grave mistake for
either Vie Senate or House committee to
fall to tase one step if it is not ready to take
two steps.
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 1963
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A 21"'
The National Academy is a welcome and
useful first step.
Many, who feel we have marked time too
long in matching the resources of Commu-
nists in nonviolent conflict and political
warfare, would like to see the Government
take a much larger first step by combining
the concepts of the National Academy and
the Freedom Academy.
Not one of the many witnesses who have
appeared before the Senate. Foreign Rela-
tions Committee in behalf of the Freedom
Academy has voiced any opposition to the
National Academy. All have spoken in sup-
port of it and have simply proposed meas-
ures to strengthen its work.
They want to see an academy which will
train both Government and private citizens
in the techniques needed to counter com-
munism in the nonmilitary field, since our
citizens' interests take them abroad much
of the time. They want to see an academy
equipped to train non-Americans as the So-
viet Union and Cuba to our great anxiety
are currently training non-Cubans in
Havana.
"If we were to confine this training to a
small elite," said William It. Kintner, deputy
director of the Foreign Policy Research In-
stitute of the University of Pennsylvania,
"we would leave untapped the immense po-
tential of resourcefulness and ingenuity
throughout the Government service as well
as our business and private organizations.
Only by drawing upon all its human re-
sources can America marshal the ability to
solve pressing problems of national survival."
I think the sponsors of the Freedom Acad-
emy have the better argument. But there
is no good argument in favor of doing
nothing.
Ponzi Did It First
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. NORRIS COTTON
OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Wednesday, May 8, 1963
Mr. COTTON. Mr. President, Austen
Lake wrote a painfully blunt but very
thought-provoking column in the Boston
Record American of Thursday, February
14, 1963. I ask unanimous consent that
it be printed in the Appendix of the
RECORD.
There being no objection, the column
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
PONzI DID IT FIRST
. (By Austen Lake)
There is a strange similarity between the
audacious swindles of Charles Ponzi in 1920
and the wildcat, owe-as-we-go program
whereby the New Frontier is pawning our
tomorrows to pay for our todays.
Maybe the reader is old enough to re-
member the runty, balding, fortyish, Latin-
esque man named Ponzi, an ex-fruit peddler
and stock clerk who had sudden delusions
of grandeur and opened a cave-of-the-winds
office on School Street late in 1919.
If you don't recall Ponzi, ask your dad.
He'll tell you how the dapper little gyp
named his firm the Securities Exchange Co.,
then put ads in the Boston daily papers read-
ing, "I have a new investment system which
guarantees 50-percent profit on your money
every 45 days." Just that and nothing more.
Well lawzee. Wouldn't you think a bare-
faced comeallya like that would bring the
cops a-running? But no. All over town,
the State, and the Nation men and women
started to withdraw their life savings and
swarmed into School Street to shove their
money through Ponzi's wicket, until his
dingy office was choked with bundled cur-
rency in denominations from $1 to $100.
Ponzi's girl clerks just snapped rubber
bands around the stuff and stashed it in bar-
rels, baskets, and cartons. like dill pickles,
until: Ponzi bought the Hanover Trust Co.
for a convenient storage bin, How the
money rolled in.
Like the deficit spending system in Wash-
ington right now, Ponzi's fiscal methods were
moronically simple. Not that, at first, he
made his operative ideas clear. He pretended
to deal in something vaguely called "postal
reply coupons" but refused to explain the
mysterious flub dub, lest parvenu manipu-
lators might copy this sure-fire plan which,
at its peak, had more than 40,000 "investors"
for a total of $9 million.
Not until late in 1920 did the law crack
down and reveal Ponzi as a-crude swindler
who had invented a "deficits forever" pro-
gram, by paying early investors from the
boodle which subsequent suckers stuffed into
his choppers.
In a minature-.skeleton form, it was the
same fiscal system which the New Frontier
is now using on U.S. taxpayers-by pyra-
miding the national debt to a new peak of
$320 billion, on the bland assumption than
an ever-expanding national income will cover
its ballooning debt, to achieve what it calls
a "floating balance," or until the balloon goes
bust.
Thus, on the old Ponzi principle that to
stay perpetually solvent, all one needs do
is to keep paying the running, yearly in-
terest, the New Deal manipulators are piling
today's deficits on tomorrow's debts until
the interest alone runs to $10 billion an-
nually and growing bigger every day,
As long as the illusion lasted, Ponzi had
a glorious time. He bought a massive man-
sion in the arch-eyed social section of Win-
chester, Mass. He imported his aging mother
from Italy in a deluxe traps-Atlantic suite
and met her on a chartered yacht with full
orchestra. He bought control of five Boston
banks, all of which went bust later,
Every morning a shiny limousine, driven
by a liveried chauffeur, brought him neatly
barbered and trimly tailored, to his School
Street office where police cleared a path
through crowds of huzzahing men and
women and Ponzi would graciously doff his
fedora and make a brief speech on how it
felt to be a public benefactor.
But, by December of 1920, his bubble had
burst and he was in Plymouth jail. And
by January 8 of 1949 he was dead, as a
pauper. Nonetheless he invented the "defi-
cits forever" system whereby, if one parlays
the annual interest on a .debt, it will never
come due for collection-in theory, of course.
But, imaginative as he was, Ponzi never
had such an inspirational idea as to call his
owe-as-you-go scheme a.. "minus adjust-
ment," which is Washington flscalese of to-
day. But he did rediscover the fact that
people have a built-in suckerism for easy
money, the illusionary free punch, and a deep
conviction that something can be derived
from zero.
Thus though Ponzi is dead these 14 years,
his spirit lives on in the annual messages
from Washington's dreamworld where we've
had 27 budgets deficits in 33 years, for a
grand total of minus $294 billion.
Of course, the New Frontier's hole-0 poli-
cies don't promise a 50-percent premium
every 45 days. But the total annual spend-
ing of Federal, State, and local governments
for 1964 is rapidly nearing half of the in-
come of the entire U.S. work force.
So the authorities arrested Ponzi in 1920
for trying to pay off his current liabilities
from anticipated revenues. But where are
the authorities to grab Messrs. Dillon, Heller,
and Kennedy for doing ditto in 1963? Huh I
Ponzi would have made a fine White House
economist if he lived today.
Dedication of New York World's Fair
Press Building
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY
OF MINNESOTA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Wednesday, May 8, 1963
Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent to have printed
in the Appendix of the RECORD an address
delivered by Robert Moses, president of
the New York World's Fair, 1964-65,
at the dedication of the New York
World's Fair Press Building, at Flush-
ing Meadow, Long Island, on May 4,
1963.
There being no objection, the address
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
REMARKS OF ROBERT MOSES, PRESIDENT OF THE
NEW YORK WORLD'S FAIR 1964-65, AT THE
DEDICATION OF THE PRESS BUILDING, FLUSH-
ING MEADOW, SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1963
Mr. Salinger and representatives of the
fourth estate, we open today a fine building
with the most modern facilities for a free
press. In this building there will be no hour
in which the Father will give his beloved
sleep. Here day unto day uttereth speech
and night unto night sheweth wisdom. The
clatter of the news never ceases. This is
your club as well as your workshop. We ex-
pect to drop in frequently as your guests for
informal talks as well as for those inquisi-
tions which you euphemistically call inter-
views and press conferences. We shall be
relaxed, candid and in the best sense club-
able.
Bob Considine's film of the fair, which you
have seen, has taken the curse off the speaker
and makes a long talk by him, especially to
professionals, gratuitous, if not intolerable.
A good film is more than an overture. When
it is finished, there is nothing much left to
the opus but amplification and reprise.
Therefore I see no excuse for boring you with
repetitions and shall confine my remarks to a
few subjects of interest to the press.
Practical television was inaugurated here
in Flushing Meadow at the 1939-1940 fair.
Now it is to be worldwide and eventually
in color. They tell me that the images in-
geniously transmitted cannot be carried in
relays on the surface of the seven seas and
must be bounced off stars or carried by cable
on the ocean floor. - These things are beyond
the comprehension of laymen and yet right
in the offing. Since Prometheus offended
Zeus and brought fire to man, no such potent
and awful instrument has been entrusted to
your profession, for tomorrow there will be
no more dark continents, no more Tibetan
monasteries, no more remote blessed isles, no
more places to hide this side of heaven where
beyond these voices there is peace. It is a
Pandora's box entrusted to you and you must
control what flies out of it. I don't envy
you the responsibility,
A fair, like- Caesar's wife, must be all things
to all men. To those who build with the
latest materials, it explodes into fantastic
shapes of stone, glass, steel, aluminum, con-
crete, plastics, ceramics, rubber, and what-
not. Gone is the simple colonial, Georgian
line, The fact that effects are temporary en-
courages experiment, individuality, boldness,
inhibits inhibitions, and gives designers who
seek a clean break with the past the oppor-
tunity to get hopelessly lost or found a new
school.
To those of you who build with words,
which the poet tells us are more enduring
than bronze, the fair is a sort of gigantic
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A2850 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
game of anagrams. You have the opportu-
nity, which we hope you will embrace, to
present the conventional 26 letters in end-
less, in exhaustible, meaningful combina-
tions. But most of all, we ask you to practice
superlatives, for this will be a superlative
show. It at times you are Inclined to think
this pageant of our is pretty insubstantial,
reflect that you too in the etymological sense
are journalists, creatures of a day, ephemeral.
and please have In mind that we are working
toward a great permanent city park. Just as
you build your own Sinaia to the everlasting
credit of your profession.
To the scientist the fair is the epitome of
the age of space, to the artist and educator
the cynosure of culture, to the merchant a
bird's eye view of the home and common
markets. To engineers the fair presents a
golden opportunity to build a permanent
system of approaches, crossings and high-
ways of the most modern, ingenious design.
which will be the pride of the motor age. To
the sportsman the fair will b: an Olympics of
progress open to all in free competition
without regard to Ideology and protocol. We
who run the fair wear overalls, not striped
pants, and we strive in strategic political
years to avoid domestic as well as Interna-
tional politics.
Finally; the fair marks the 300th anniver-
sary of the founding of the greatest of all our
American ports of entry, where the mother of
exiles lifts her lamp beside thegolden door,
a city which our vast hinterland has a tend-
ency to describe as foreign, offbeat. sophisti-
cated and headed straight for pandemonium,
but also regards with plain high-minded
envy.
New York on the surface is a strange,
hectic, overgrown, proud, complex, and in
some respects puzzling society, but It repre-
sents the success of polyglot democracy, the
Tower of Babel if you will, in which we
have learned to speak a common language,
the magnet which draws its talent from all
quarters, the seat of the United Nations,
the crossroads of the world. It is easy to
characterize a great metropolis as a place
of confusion, ruthless competition, wrath,
and tears, a world's Or as a mere circus,
a gathering of multitudes as a futile gesture
to unite a hopelessly divided world, and to
picture hospitality as exploitation in dis-
guise.
Whatever its reputation-and no metrop-
olis yields to a single definition--New York
is no mean city. You are the chosen Instru.
ments to give our city a good name, not to
advertise and exaggerate its deficiencies.
You can hardly blame the executives of the
fair if they complain that often there is
little mention in your prints of what we
perhaps fatuously regard as minor triumphs
and plenty in your columns when some-
thing goes wrong. ' You no doubt have high
warrant for such treatment. I recall that
there was little said of the 90 and 9 in the
fold and much about the absentee in the
wilderness, and that the prodigal son, stag.
gering home from riotous living, got the
fatted calf while his h-rd-work'n, brother.
who was always around, got the works. It
may be that you are simply dispensing Bib-
lical justice.
I don't take too seriously occasional smear
stories about the fair. What's wrong? Is
It on time? Is it overwhelmed with troubles?
Our friends are not misled by such stuff,
nor are the distinguished bankers on our
finance committee, nor the leading business
giants who are Investing huge sums in their
exhibits, nor the thousands who eagerly
write in for information about their vaca-
tions here in 1964 and 1985. I might men-
tion also the splendid response of so many
States, the aegis of President Kennedy, the
support of our three living ex-Presidents,
the imprimatur of the churches. The
critics, at a safe distance where they can't
be intimtdatcd, jeer at those who work. They
think, they think, but Mr. Huxley, who was
quite a thinker, concluded that the great
end of life is not knowledge, but action.
We answer the critics by palpable and in-
creasingly visible evidences of progress. One
further remark on this subject: Very shortly
we shall announce that we have no more
space available. This means the fair will
enter a period of scarcity. There won't be
room even for a critics' Tower of Babel.
We ask you to welcome prospective visitors
to the fair with open arms and to urge them
to prepare for visits in 1964 and 1965. You
can safely promise worldwide education,
culture, science, and entertainment. It will
be the high point In the lives of this genera-
tion, something to look forward to with long.
ing, to enjoy during two golden summers. and
to look back upon with found remembrance.
Future historians will fix the New York Fair
of 1964 and 1965 as the dividing line between
the age of discovery and the ace of Invention.
between the shrinking globe and the expand-
ing universe. Please tell your readers and
listeners to come to the fair. They will
thank you as long as they live.
The fourth estate site in lordly splendor
In the reporters' gallery and, according to the
sage of Ecclefechan, exercised a tdide world-
embracing influence. It furnishes the in-
spiration as well as the facts for the voice
of the people, which we are told is the voice
of God. We are emboldened therefore to
ask you to give us more than lip service,
more than coldblooded justice, more than
Impartial criticism. Give us a break.
Tribute to the State of Israel on Its 15th
Anniversary
SPEECH
or
HON. CHARLES A. BUCKLEY
Or NSW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, May 2, 1963
Mr. BUCKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am
very happy to pay tribute In honor of the
15th anniversary of the State of Israel.
Since its establishment, the State of
Israel has made considerable develop-
ment and is now the most progressive
and stabilized country In the Middle
East. Its population has been more
than doubled by the influx of persecuted
refugees from all over the world, par-
ticularly from Arab and Moslem coun-
tries.
To me, Israel is a foothold of democ-
racy in the Middle East. A strong Israel
is important to the security and welfare
of the United States. Of all the coun-
tries in the Middle East, the State of
Israel stands out clearly as the most
dependable exponent of democracy. I
sincerely believe that our American pol-
icy should always be one of close friend-
ship with the State of Israel, which the
United States helped to create.
Notwithstanding all the wonderful
achievements brought about by the peo-
ple of Israel, the enemies of Israel con-
tinue plotting the destruction of the only
truly democratic state in the Middle
East. In its struggle, Israel needs the
sympathetic and wholehearted support
of all right thinking Americans. We
must not permit Egypt and the members
of the Arab League, which hates Israel,
to block the progress of the young,
democratic State of Israel. When we
help the State of Israel, we are not only
May 8
helping the people of Israel, but we are
making an everlasting friend and ally
for the United States.
There must be peace between Israel
and the Arab States in the Middle East.
I Trish for the State of Israel and its
gallant people, a continued future of
peace, prosperity, security, and liberty.
One of Uncle Sam's Bad Habits, Trying
To Buy Friends, Started Many Years Ago
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. CARLETON J. KING
Or NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, May 8, 1963
Mr. KING of New York. Mr. Speaker,
under leave to extend my remarks, I wish
to include an article by Jim Bishop, one
of America's outstanding journalists on
the subject of foreign aid.
Since the end of World War II, the
United States has spent the enormous
sum of at least-$100 billion In some 70
countries of the world. We have
given economic and military aid to dic-
tators who then used this aid to suppress
their own people in the name of anti-
Communism. We have given to dictators
who have indicated by word and deed
their affinity for our Communist enemies.
Since we will soon be called upon to
vote on legislation authorizing the for-
eign assistance program for the fiscal
year 1964, I believe Mr. Bishop's article
is most timely; and I am pleased to call
it to the attention of my colleagues:
ONE Off UNCLz SAM'S BAD HABITS, TRYING To
BUY FRIENDS, STARTED MANY YEARS Aco
(By Jim Bishop)
It is difficult to trace the origin of a bad
habit. No one wants to remember how it
started. However, a little research shows
that the United States began to give money
away in large amounts In the middle of
World War I. It turned out to be a habit,
once started, which could not be curbed.
When we give money away, nations dislike
us. When we stop, they hate us.
In the second term of Woodrow Wilson, the
United States began to lend money. It co-
incided with the emergence of America as
a first class power. The money went to
friendly powers to help them win the then
current war. These nations made solemn
pledges to repay the money, plus interest, as
soon as the war was over.
As soon as it was won, the diplomatic
excuses arrived. Some, like Great Britain,
made a pretense of paying the interest but
not the principal. Little nations like Fin-
land paid in full, and on time. The Gar-
mans, who had been our enemies and killed
our fathers, became bankrupt and we sent
a man named Owen D. Young to Germany
to straighten out their finances.
He old a good job. We sent money to
Germany, the nation recovered from its panic
Inflation, and became industrially strong.
The Weimar Republic was assassinated by
the National Socialists, whose leader was an
Austrian named Adolf Hitler. By the time
he was ready to start another war of con-
quest, Great Britain was pleading for more
money. In fact, any nation at all friendly
to us measured its loyalty to us by the size
of the check we sent.
Franklin D. Roosevelt decided not to lend
money outright. It amounted to the same
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