THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000500110029-4
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 29, 2003
• Sequence Number: 29
• Publication Date: September 20, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

 23618 Approved For F la ' : WRBAMMWAD05001 Wber 20, 1965
cannot be achieved by social evolution, All the press reported. as reflected by was within the grasp of one side or the
in the Western Hemisphere must not be- the articles written by John Goshko of other if it had exercised the initiative
come a tool by which Communist domi- the Washington Post, who chose ' the soon enough. I gave an illustration. In
nation. is achieved. We all certainly Communist philosophy of reporting, was a small way, the junior Senator from
know that there are no "independent" that I talked about my father. He re- Louisiana Is a student of the Civil War.
Communist regimes. Any Communist- ported that I said "Daddy." I do not be- loh, f, on the first fi Qid day of the Johnston Bal had not
directed group which gains control of a lieve I said that.
nation will do the bidding of either Mos- That is all the reporting we got In been bleeding to death in the saddle be-
cow, Peiping, or the Castro government answer to the statements that we sent cause he declined to relinquish com-
at Havana, and such foreign domination in too many troops. mand, and if Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard,
is condemned by the unanimous action The point Is that the best thing is to a resident of my State, had not found
of all the nations in the Western Hemi- send knows It cenough ould not troops c~hat the enemy uhimself in Information called and off for the lack of bet-
sphere.
It is a matter of judgment in each in- The typical Communist-type reporting the first day, but had wetted until the
dividual situation as to the action It is said only that I made reference to my atmosphere had been cleared of smoke,
noeceary to take and the time to take father. I did so only by way of Wustra- and had renewed the attack on the fol-
it. In this particular case, the Senator Lion. When there was a confrontation lowing day, and if General Beauregard
from Arkansas has reached the conclu- with what appeared td be a ragtag army had instead pursued the- attack. he
sion that we should have risked the take- to overthrow law and order in that state, would have driven General Grant's army
over. Even though I can agree that we they were faced with overwhelming Into the river. At least, that Is what
might have done more at an earlier stage force. most military experts think. That
to use our influence to resist the ascend- I made reference to people who were would then have been a great southern
ance of the Communist elements in the organizing and intended to resist the victory of the magnitude of the Battle
rebel forces, I would like again to state lawful authority of state government. of Bull Run; and the North having suf-
that I do not believe President Johnson When the National Guard appeared, fered nothing but major defeats. with
could. have done anything other than use the only person who had been hurt was one victory by Grant at Fort Donelson,
the direct power of the United States as a person who shot himself In attempt- the South would have been encouraged.
events actually developed. ing to get through a barbed-wire fence. and the capture of Vicksburg and the
We had an experience in Louisiana He had shot himself with his own gun. many other successes that Grant en-
when there was an attempt to overthrow No one else was injured. joyed thereafter would probably never
and take over the government. Where When this Nation sent in substantial have occurred. Grant would probably
that occurs, and there is an attempt to forces in the Dominican Republic, the have been relieved of his command and
forcibly take over a government, if the Communists or Communist sympa- have been dishonored as a result of hav-
legal authorities move soon enough and thizers, as well as rebel elements, out of ing been totally unprepared for the
with overwhelming force, there need be caution, in very few instances fired on attacks that fell upon him in more haos-
no fight; but if there is a move with our troops. tilities than one. I cited that merely as
only a small amount of force. the govern- Unfortunately, there were some tours- an example by which people exercise the
ment might have a battle on its hands. geous Americans lost in our effort to pre- initiative and prevail, when otherwise
While we in our State may be criticized serve freedom and democracy in the they would not.
by some as being in a "banana republic," Dominican Republic. The Soviet-type reporter for the
we in Louisiana have done business with Then there were those of the rebel Washington Post said I spoke about the
Central and South America, and we forces who Were fired on by our ma- confederacy. I gave that as an example
know what the term "banana republic" rives and Army troops acting in. their to prove that, by moving timely, rather
means. We have traded with Central own defense and the defense of those than moving late, one 'could prevail in
and South America, and we know that that they went there to protect. what he was seeking to do.
at times certain interests In our State I made another point. If it is thought I regret that the Washington Post
have taken sides in these revolutions as that there is going to be a Communist seems to feel so prejudiced about. the
they have occurred. takeover, the sooner we move and the matter that it cannot report both sides
So I believe we have an understanding faster we move, the sooner and easier of the debate. The Post is a responsible
of the problems of Central and South it will be over. newspaper. In the main. I have ob-
America. Our intelligence information was that served that it has conducted itself ac-
In that connection, Mr. President, I the Communists were progressively gain- cording to the highest standards of
do wish to complain about the complete- ing power and control over the rebellion journalism. I regret very much to we
ly irresponsible handling of the matter and they were satisfied how difficult It this exception.
by a newspaper for which I have great was going to be to keep the Communists There is no doubt in my mind that
respect, the Washington Post. That from taking charge of the rebellion the President had the information he
newspaper for the most part tends to re- movement and to keep the Communists needed to know that this Nation was in
port the news by standards that are gen- from moving in during a situation of danger. Seeing the nature of the repub-
erally regarded as good ethics. In this chaos; that It was the kind of situation lice that have been taken behind the
partieular ease the reporting has been in which Communists take over. Iron Curtain, the President, in my judg-
bad and the editorializing and writing About the only reference I got by this meat, saved this country from allowing
of the news has been no bad that It has Soviet-type reporter of the Washington one more nation to undergo communism
made me wonder whether the reporter, Post was that I referred to the Confed- by moving so timely as he did. The fact
in reporting the debate and writing about eracy. Oh, yes; I made an arm-waving that he moved so soon and with such
the events-which was done by the same speech. I use my hands when I am complete justification, both to protect
reporter, Mr. Goshko-received his speaking extemporaneously. American lives and to help restore order
training in the schools of ' the United The Post reporter said I referred to the and enable the people of the Dominican
States or the Soviet Union. Some of Confederacy. What I said was that a Republic to elect whatever govern-
those stories have been with regard to great number of battles are lost, because ment those people want in free elections,
this Senator.' people move too slowly; or, to use the was, in my judgment, a great contrli-
It is beyond me to understand the expression that comes from World War button to freedom and democracy In this
point when someone says we went in with II, "too little and too late." Great Brit- hemisphere.
too much force. The safe thing to do is sin suffered much in the early days of The people of the Dominican Repub-
to send a great number of troops, and the war because her forces came either be would never have had the right to
more than would be needed for a fight, so too late or were not numerous enough elect a government of their choosing
that Communist elements that might de- to prevail in the battles that occurred. had the Communist brutality succeeded.
cide to. fire on American troops would with regard to the initiative, which The record shows that In every coun-
know they could not defeat the forces is something that is taught in any mill- try in which the Communists have pre-
of the United States and therefore would Lary exercise, I merely pointed out,that vailed, up to this time, the government
not try it. That is the point I made. there had been occasions when victory has been one which has denied the
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 Sepie)nt?er 20, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE 23619
people their right to a ee e~ A ~}~ D Merrill
a free choice of goverl>r~~ v1 if$ ert'r ~~~rQ/ith~a r X60 r4.M9 ,11 4194 Meyers. Jr.
accomplished by force of arms. through Jr. Peter T. Muth Cecil C. Dunngan John B. Michaud
the movement of troops, or else by Larry D. Brooks Richard E. Shrum Carl J. Emma Richard D. Mickelson
sabotage and subversion, in which people Francis W. Mooney David T. Boyle Clyde L. Ever Donald C. Miller
Ronald M. Potter William A. Borchers
Gilbert W. Ferguson John H. Miller
were murdered. The result was that the Richard C. Blaschke Edward K. Roe. Jr. William B. Fleming Robert R. Montgomery
people were denied the right to choose Stephen H. Hines Michael O. Murtagh Kenneth S. Foley Anthony A. Montt
their own government. George A. Casimir Joseph L. Crowe. Jr. Eugene D. Foxworth, Ira L. Morgan. Jr.
No one can predict with any certainty Robert K. Blaschke Anthony J, Soltys Jr. Roddey B. Mon
what the people of the Dominican Re- Thomas P. Keane William it Roth Richard H. Francis Rose L. Mulford
public will do when they vote on their Thomas H. Lloyd, Jr. William C. Heming Walter A, Gagne, Jr. Joseph Nastesi
choice of a government within 9 Thomas W. Boerger James A. Umberger Joseph J. N. Clambar-Robert C. Needham
months: but at least they will have a John G. Denninger, Kwang Ping Hsu dells Harry J. Nolan
chance to choose. If the Communists Jr Albert F. Baker Jesse L. Gibney. Jr. Victor Ohanesian
Arthur R. Oandt William S. Murray Robert N. Good Robert W. Oliver
take over the Dominican Republic, they John W. Brittain George S. Mason Carlton D. Ooodlel, Jr. James R. Cmara
will have to do it by winning an election, Lawrence M"Schilltng Norman H. Huff Fred Grabowski Charles H. Opler, Jr.
not by murder, assassination, and armed David W. Robinette Clifford E. Banner Fredric A. Green Thomas A. Palmer
revolt; not by denying the people the David Ii. Whitten Don M, Keehn John R. Oreenstone William K. Parnell
rights that a free people should enjoy Harvey L. Wahnqulst. Thomas D. Smith John Y. Greenwood Tom D. Parsons
Cuba and everywhere else in the Jr. Daniel M. White William R. Grubaugh Roger W. Peerd, Jr.
in
in Cuba Hemisphere. nd evy John P. Ryan Thomas F. McGrath Robert K. Gruenler Edward F. Penieo
Harry A. Allen III Edward M. Quell Arthur R. Petersen
Joseph L. Valenti Thomas S. Whipple Thomas I. Gunning George R. Phillips
RECESS Lance A. Eagan Robert D. Markoff Frederick M. Haden Reagan L. Preis
Richard B. O'Keefe Raymond J. Houttek- John W. Haggerty, III Vincent J. Prose, Jr.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi- Hugh L. Thomas, Jr. key Lawrence A. Hall Heenan J. Redfield, III
dent, I move that the Senate stand in William J. Wallace, Jr. David K, Carey Wayne L. Hall Pierre D. Reisener, Jr.
recess until 12 o'clock noon tomorrow. Eugene Hornstein Louis M. Casale Andrew E. Hare Clarke A. Rhykerd
. 'uestneck John M. McCann Elwin B. Hart David M. Ridderhof
The motion was John A vt
agreed to: and (at 6 Michael J Schiro Peter M Bernstein Harold A. Hatch Edward J. Rigby
o'clock and 38 minutes p.m.) the Senate Harold L. Bonnet Robert E. McDonough, George A. P. Haynes Thomas E. Ringwood
took a recess until tomorrow, Tuesday, Arthur W. Mergner, Jr. Jr. George E. Hayward Dwight E. Roberts
September 21, 1965, at 12 o'clock me- Elmer Sorensen. Jr. Joseph R. Finelll Keith H. Helms Kenneth L. Robinson,
ridian. Frederick A. Kelley Wayne P. Stevens Hans W. Henzel Jr.
James H. Lightner Jack W. Whiting, Jr. Stanley A. Herman William K. Rockey
Raymond D. Bland Phillip J. Bull William M. Herrin, Jr.Charlee A. Rosenfield
NOMINATIONS James F. Greene, Jr. Harry N. Hutchins III Charles O. Hiatt Earl F. Roth, Jr.
Executive nominations received by the Arthur F. Henn Thomas W. Watkins Henry Hoppe III Edward J. Rutty
Senate September 20, 1965: John T Mason III William W. Horn Victor A. Ruvo
Joseph H Sanford David W. Hastings George W. Houck Raymond M. Ryan
INTSRSTATF. (:oM MERCi4. COMMrBetON Joseph J. Smith David M. Hurst Dwight E. Howard Joseph L
.
BadOwaki
Charles A. Webb, of Virginia, to be an In-
Lawrence J. Daliatre,R.ichmond U. Green-
tersl.ate Commerce Commissioner for a term
of 7 years expiring December 31. 1972. (Re-
appointment.)
Jr. ough, Jr.
Peter C. Hennings Thomas J. Keeney
Walter M Coburn John G. Sehmldtman
Henry B. Traver Robert F. Boysen, Jr.
Enunett E. Shelby, of Florida, to be U.S.
marshal for the northern district of Florida
for the term of 4 years. (Reappointment.)
Donald F. Miller, of Washington, to be U.S.
marshal for the western district of Washing-
ton for the term of 4 years. (Reappoint-
ment-)
William IT. Spence Jaynes C. McElroy
Wade M. Moncrief, Jr. James F. Sanders
David S Gemmell Hugh W. Nabors
Richard V. Conaigli Francis J. Stadnicki
Carl H. Burkhart Bly it. Elder
Joseph P. Dtbella Gary L. Rowe
Neal Mahan Branson E. Epler
IN THE COAST GUARD
George E. Archer, Jr. Stephen L. Richmond
The following-named officers of the Coast
IN TH# MARINE CORPS
Guard for promotion to the grade of
i
The following named officers of the Marine
l
eutenant:
Corps for temporary appointment to the
Frank C. Margret III Joseph B. Donaldson
grade of lieutenant colonel subject to quail-
William H. Low, Jr. Jerald L. Randall
ftcation therefor as provided by law:
Earle W. Keith III Stanley E. Wood, Jr.
Charles W. Abbott Raymond A. Cameron
Bruce W. Thompson John L. Bailey
James W. Abraham Richard E. Campbell
Gregory J. Sanok Ronald C. Addison
James R. Alchele David I. Carter
Joseph Marotta Patrick H. Cannon, Jr.
Harry L. Alderman Clement C. Chamber-
James C. Carpenter Frank R. Peasley
Richard D. Alexander lain, Jr.
Derrill R. Kramer James K. Woodle
Arthur W. Anthony. Byron T. Chen
Ruloff W. Whiteman Edward R. Pusey, Jr.
Jr. Gregory J. Cizek
Kenneth L. Lambert- Pat Murray
Peter F. C. Armstrong Harold C
Colvin
son Jones R. Shontell
.
Maurice C. Ashley, Jr. Jack W. Collard
John W. Keith Richard E. Van By
Freddie J. Baker Andrew S. Cook
Frederick H. O. Mayr Franklin E. Taylor
James M. Bannan Charles G. Cooper
Ralph E. Knorr Donald C. Addison
William D. Bassett, Jr. William R. Corson
Jack A. Eckert James F. Hunt
Arnold E. Bench Franklin G. Cowie
Jr
Francis W. J. Nicely Gerald W. Barney
,
.
Lee R. Bendell Harry O. Cowing
Jr
Hal M. Floyd Frederick S. Bowman
,
.
Garland T. Beyerle William E. Cross
Jr
Leeland N. Gregg. Jr. Roy L. Foote
,
.
Darrel E. Bjorklund Philip M. Crosswalt
William C. Donnell Allen E. Rolland
Louis A. Bonin George D. Cumming
Vincent R. Abraham- Jaynes L. Walker
Eugene R. Brady Bruce F. Cunliffe
son William L. Avery
Robert B. Brennan Ralph L. Cunningham
Donald H. Hamadan David W. Proudfoot
,
Edward J. Bronars Jr.
George it. Orochowski James A. McIntosh
Robert G. Brown John K. Davis
Homer A. Purdy J_ mee L. Mueller
Travis D. Brown Thomas J. Dean, Jr.
Richard F. Young Richard J. Kieesel
Clement C. Buckley, Claude E. Deering, Jr
John R. Malloy III Joseph H. Dlscenza
.
Jr. Francis L. Delaney
Roger D. Williams David H. Withers
Thomas J. Burckell Lewis IT. Devine
Roger T. Ostrom Leonard J. Pichlni
Donald J. Burger Birchard B. Do Witt
Donald F. Kemner William S. Haight
Conrad P. Buschmann Lawrence R. Dorsa
David I. Tomlinson Frederick D. Smith
Kenneth M. Buss Joshua W. Dorsey
III
George H Martin C"ar'-s W. Morgan
,
John E. Buynak Edward J. Driscoll, Jr.
Robert E. Howard, Jr. George T. Sargent, Jr.
David J. Hunter William F. Saunders,
Robert E. Hunter Jr.
David J. Hytrek Cornelius F. Savage,
Edgar K. Jacks Jr.
Mallett C. Jackson. Jr.John P. Schled
Charles V. Jarman Baxter W. Seaton
John M. Johnson. Jr. Ronald I. Severson
Warren R. Johnson Charles A. Sewell
Charles M. C. Jones. Ural W. Shedrick
Jr. Richard W. Sheppe
Richard E. Jones Warren C. Sherman
Nick J. Kapetan George H. Shutt, Jr.
William C. Keith, Jr. Emmett B. Sigmon., Jr
Don L. Keller Warren J. Skvarll
Paul A. Kelley Albert C. Smith, Jr.
Calhoun J. Killeen Edward E. Smith
Grover C. Koontz Erin D. Smith
George R. Lamb George W. Smith
Joseph M. Laney. Jr. Richard J. Smith
James W. Lasater Thomas Cl. Snipes
Randlett T. Lawrence William F. Sparks
Frederick D. Leder Eugene O. Speckart
Harris J. Levert. Jr. Newell D. Staley, Jr.
Alan M. Lindell Donald C. Stanton
Carl R. Lundquist Marvin H. Stevens
Dean C. Macho Harold K. Stine
James H. MacLean Donald R. Sliver
Byron L. Magness John H. Strops
Robert B. March Otto I. Svenson. Jr.
Donald E. Marchette Oral R. Swlgart, Jr.
James W. Marsh Leonard C. Taft
James G. Martz, III Aubrey W. Talbert,
Jerry F. Mathis Jr.
Frank D. McCarthy Richard B. Talbott
Bain McClintock Robert W. Taylor
Daniel F. McConnell Jay J. Thomas, Jr.
William O. McCool Francis H. Thurston
Norman B. McCrary Donald K. Tooker
Robert L. McElroy Marshall J. Treedo
James R. McEnaney Rodolfo L. Trevino
Donald N. McKeon Luther G. Troen
Joseph V. McLernan George F. Tubley
Paul G. McMahon Kenneth E. Turner
Alexander P. McMillan David M. Twomey
Russell W. McNutt Wendell N. Vest
Edward J. Megan Hal W. Vincent
David G. Mehergue Michael J. Vrabel
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September 20, I CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
some part of the electorate contrary to
the Constitution of the United States,
then our body has not acted fully and
completely by making a report and a rec-
ommendation for dismissal based solely
on technical grounds after a 3-hour ex-
ecutive session by the Committee on
House Administration which had con-
sidered the notices of contest.
The people of Mississippi, even those
who are alleged to have acted improp-
erly-yes, the people of the entire coun-
try deserve to have their day in court-
the court of representative government,
in this case, the House of Representatives
of the United States. Only a full and
complete public hearing before the ap-
propriate committee of the Congress
would satisfy those who deplore disen-
franchisement and cry for justice.
So; as a judge, I would say, "Demurrer
overruled." Let us try the case on its
merits and bring out all the facts even
though the probable end result will be
dismissal. If the evil of disfranchise-
ment is ever to be irradicated from the
American scene, the need is to dramatize
the facts so that, all persons will know
that some American citizens were denied
their constitutional rights.
For these reasons, I support recommit-
tal and, if this fails, I shall vote against
the resolution, as amended, particularly
since the amendment strikes from the
resolution that the five Congressmen
were "entitled to their seats." This just
makes the resolution more technical and
would make final action, if the resolution
were adopted, nothing more than a re-
fusal to meet the issue at this time.
If, perchance, these remarks fall into
the hands of some of my constitutents
who find me a bit legalistic-somewhat
judicial-may I remind them that today
was the first time my duties required me
to sit as judge and jury.
The Retirement of Hon. Eugene M.
Zuckert
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOHN E. MOSS
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, September 20, 1965
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, the Honor-
able Eugene M. Zuckert is retiring this
month as Secretary of the Air Force, and
I want to take this opportunity to com-
ment, both as a Member of Congress and
as a chairman of a subcommittee which
has worked closely with Mr. Zuckert, on
his activities the past 41/2 years.
During the past 10 years investigating
availability of .government information,
the subcommittee which I head has
looked into dozens of information prob-
lems involving the Air Force. In recent
years the Air Force has adopted many
improvements in its information prac-
tices, and I believe Secretary Zuckert de-
serves a large measure of the credit for
these improvements.
Air Force officials under Mr. Zuckert's
direction have been readily accessible
to the subcommittee and its staff. They
have given the most careful considera-
tion to the recommendations which the
House Government Operations Commit-
tee has adopted as a result of the sub-
committee's investigations. And they
have made extensive efforts to put these
recommendations into effect. Mr. Zuck-
ert is to be commended for the coopera-
tive atmosphere created under his ad-
ministration.
There are two major Air Force instal-
lations in my congressional district and,
as a Member of Congress, I have experi-
enced all of the problems which can be
expected from extensive Federal activi-
ties in a local community. I have found
the Air Force officials under Secretary
Zuckert most receptive to suggestions
from the community and most interested
in putting into practice the principles of
good management for which Mr. Zuckert
stands.
A Socially Isolated Community
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ALBERT H. QUIE
OF MINNESOTA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, September 20, 1965
Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, several
months ago a small Michigan commu-
nity gained the attention of the national
press due to the Economic Opportunity
Act. A dispute arose about whether or
not the community-Ypsilanti, Mich.-
was in a sufficient state of poverty to
qualify for assistance under the poverty
program. Those who favored a com-
munity action program for Ypsilanti
described the community as being "`so-
cially isolated." Opponents of the pro-
gram protested that a community that
was a 10-minute automobile ride from
the University of Michigan and less than
a half hour from Detroit is hardly so-
cially isolated.
An article in the New York Times on
September 16 should satisfy the pro-
ponents of the poverty program that
Ypsilanti will no longer be "socially iso-
lated." The article described plans
being made to build a $2.5 million Ypsi-
lanti Greek Theater. Scheduled to open
in July 1966, the amphitheater will seat
1,900 people. How could a socially iso-
lated community like Ypsilanti expect
to utilize such a cultural center? The
answer was provided by Mrs. Clara
Owens the president of the theater
group's board of directors:
She said the Michigan city was "a good
place" for such venture because it was "in
the center of a tremendous population-
about 5 million." "We are 10 minutes from
Ann Arbor, 30 minutes from Detroit, 45
minutes from Toledo and about 1 hour from
Lansing," she continued. "Moreover, we
have more than three-quarters of a million
high school and college students within a
radius Of 60 miles."
Mr. Speaker, I insert the entire article
describing the Ypsilanti Greek Theater
in the RECORD at this point:
A5313
YPSILANTI PLANS A GREEK THEATER-$2.5
MILLION PROJECT Is SET-ALEXIS SOLOMOs
To DIRECT
(By Louis Calta)
If Alexis Solomos has his way-and he is
confident that he will-ancient Greek drama
will come alive from American audiences next
summer inYpsilanti, Mich.
The 47-year-old former director of the
Greek National Theater, pausing briefly here
yesterday after his arrival on the Queen
Elizabeth, said he hoped to "present Greek
tragedy not as something out of a museum
but as something live." "I hope it will get
into the blood of the American theatergoing
public," he added.
Mr. Solomos, who was accompanied by his
wife, Katherine, and two daughters, has been
engaged as artistic director of the Ypsilanti
Greek Theater, which plans to present Greek
drama and comedies in English in a $2.5 mil-
lion, 1,900-seat amphitheater.
The theater will be built on a city-owned
site adjacent to the Huron River. It will be
enclosed, heated, and air conditioned. Harry
Weese, architect for the Washington Arena
Stage and the Orlando (Fla.) Theater, has
designed it along "classic Greek lines."
Work on the venture is expected to start
in October. The opening is scheduled for
next July.
PATTERSON AND ELDER TO HELP
Tom Patterson, founder of the Stratford
(Ontario) Shakespeare Festival, will be exe-
cutive director of the new theater but will
continue as planning consultant for Canada's
first permanent Shakespearean theater. El-
don Elder, Broadway scenic designer, will act
as theater consultant to Mr. Weese.
Mr. Solomos, who has staged several off-
Broadway productions, said that he was "very
excited" about returning to the United
States. He held high hopes for the Michigan
theater season, which is to become an annual
event.
He explained that students from Eastern
Michigan University would participate as ap-
prentice performers and technicians, but that
the bulk of the acting company would be
professional. Students will take part in the
productions as part of their drama courses.
"We hope to make it not just another sum-
mer festival but an international center of
Greek drama," he said. "Ancient Greek
drama can be compared to a Hitchcock movie
if properly done. For example, look at the
popularity of 'Who's Afraid of Virginia
Woolf?' It brings out the various inner
truths in a savage manner just as the an-
cients did."
Mr. Solomos said that until 15 years ago
ancient drama was unknown to the general
public even in Greece.
"But when we started working on them
we realized how much uneducated people
got a kick out of them. The wisdom, poetry,
and human experience in Greek theater is
something the American public can under-
stand."
The director had come to the United States
because he was "bored with doing the same
thing every year in Greece." He said he
planned to remain in Michigan for 1 or 2
years.
The Ypsilanti Greek Theater is the brain
child of Mrs. Clara Owens, a 58-year-old high
school teacher of English, who is president
of the theater group's board of directors.
Mrs. Owens said yesterday that the idea
for a classic theater in Ypsilanti occurred
to her 2 years ago. "I decided it was high
time we had a restoration of Greek culture
and drama in the United States."
She said the-Michigan city was "a good
place" for such-a venture because it was "in
the center of a tremendous population-
about 5 million." "We are 10 minutes from
Ann Arbor, 30 minutes from Detroit, 45
minutes from Toledo, and about 1 hours from
Lansing," she continued. "Moreover, we
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CONGR SSJONAL,_ RECORD - APPENDIX September 20, 1965
have more than three-quarters of a million
high school and college students within a
radius of 60 miles."
About $200,000 has already been donated
to the project Mrs. Owens said, and she ex-
pressed confidence that the total amount
needed will be raised. apyros Skouras has
agreed to serve on the group's board of direc-
tors, as has Joe Nederlander, theater owner.
Judith. Anderson and Melina Mercouri have
offered to appear at the theater.
I Never Will Order Retreat
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. DONALD RUMSFELD
Of ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, September 20, 1965
Mr. RUMSFELD. Mr;, Speaker, I am
Inserting in the RECORD a translation of
the letter written by Gen. Elias Wessin y
Wessin of the Dominican Republic on
September 10, 1965, after his expulsion
from his country, to Dr. Hector Garcia
Godoy, provisional president of the
Dominican Republic. This letter was
translated by Jules Dubois, the Chicago
Tribune's Latin American correspondent,
and was carried in a recent issue of the
Tribune.
The American people are deeply con-
corned about events in the Dominican
Republic. I have contacted the Depart-
m'ent of State for their report on the
ouster of General 'Wessin. y Wessin in an
attempt to help clarify and untangle the
numerous conflicting reports on this
matter.
The general's letter follows:
A few hours after having arrived in this
city of Miami, I am writing this letter to you
in, order to make clear in precise and defini-
tive form my position regarding the recent
`vents in which I have been involved.
'The Dominican people are conscious that,
thanks to my loyalty during the grave events
that began April 24, our country in these
moments :is not totally dominated by com-
munism.
An elemental sense of honor as an army
officer prevents me from accepting the post
of consul, general in Miami from a govern-
ment that has used foreign troops to send
me by force into exile. I communicated this
to Generals Alvim and Palmer when they
told me I was consul in Miami.
The afternoon when Generals Alvim and
Palmer told me that I had to go and a
lieutenant of the American Army prevented
me from going to my house to collect my
clothes and my passport, I had a firm con-
viction not to serve your government,
neither in the consulate of Miami nor In any
other post.
Never would I have Imagined that an
army officer of my rank would have been
taken. to the airport in full uniform and
tossed out of the country with a bayonet
at his back.
(NOTE: By this General Wessin does not
mean that he was literally prodded by a bay-
onet, but that troops with guns and fixed
bayonets formed the security guard that ac-
companied him.)
The North American officials who ordered
my exit from Dominican territory in such a
humiliating manner have given the coup de
grace to the fight for democracy in America.
Imagine the impact that this action by the
the OAS and the Government of the United
Static will have on the Latin American, mili-
tar men.
Do i you believe that the Latin American
military men will be disposed to fight com-
murfsm when they know that the pay-
ment for fulfillment of their duty will be
expulsion from their country and the loss
of their military career?
Wien the North American troops arrived
in the Dominican Republic---after the men
and it my command had received the brunt
of the attack from a Communist mob drunk
with vengeance and death-I never imagined
that the same troops, making common cause
with the enemies of democracy, would kick
me out of my country in a manner so harsh
for {hose who say that they are the leaders
in Ilia fight for survival of the western
wort o.
I lave arrived in Miami without passport,
without money, and with a suit that the
oftiasrs of Fort Amador gave me in Panama,
but [preserve my dignity and my name. The
men who fight for an idea cannot be de-
stro;wd, and, although they may be (de-
stro:'ed) physically, that idea would remain
unc7 fanged.
I have always been an honest officer and
that the North American intelligence services
know, for they have scoured all the banks of
the world seeking some evidence with which
to s,ain my reputation.
In these moments I have had to dismantle
my ]tome, to sell my furniture and my house,
and to separate myself from my family. I
only possess (in order to maintain that
home, which I will have to organize anew in
exile) the pension to which I have a right
after 21 years of service In the armed forces
of n.y country.
M`r departure from the country augurs
grays events for the cause of democracy.
What Dominican military man who has self-
resp~ret will be disposed to assume responsi-
bilit*s when communism. launches its final
attack against our fatherland?
Presently the world fights for its survival
agai ast the Communist lash and it is neces-
sary for men of profound convictions to as-
sum s the defense of democracy. Those men
cannot be destroyed in order to satisfy polit-
ical ambitions or in order to appease com-
munism without leading us to total de-
stru,.,tion.
The departure frommy country will be a
sharleful page for the political history of the
Dominican Republic and for the rulers who,
like you, are responsible for it. No Domini-
can can remain insensible before such a
monstrous act, and the day will come when
the truth will open a path against betrayal
and deceit.
I reiterate to you that I cannot accept the
appointment of consul general in Miami be-
cause it would be to put myself at the service
of a government that has betrayed Domini-
oa.n democracy and would constitute disloy-
alty to the brave soldiers and officers who
acco 9apanied me in those tragic days in which
blool spilled over the soil of our fatherland.
To. those soldiers and officers of the armed
force; I cannot betray you, because it would
be s n act of cowardice. To the Dominican
people: I cannot abandon you, because it
would, be to abjure the ideals of Duarte,
San.,hez, and Mella. To American democ-
racy: I cannot turn my back on you, be-
cauEe it would be to open the doors to com-
muilsm in order to administer the death
blow to our system of life.
We are going to say the same thing as
Gen. Juan Sanchez Ramirez in the battle of
Palc Hincado, when he defeated the troops
of Euperor Napoleon:
"Death to the soldier who turns his face
arotnd. Death to the drummer who beats
retreat. Death to the officer who so orders,
ever..if it were myself."
A ad I, Mr. President, never will order re-
treat. My brave soldiers and officers, my
deal Dominican people, my sacred fatherland
will always find me on the line of duty
against the traitors who try to deliver us to
an ideology that represents an enslaving and
brutal systsrn.
- I hope that the North American Govern-
ment does not commit new errors and under-
stands that the best system to contain the
advance of communism is not by sacrificing
democratic officers. I am confident that the
United States can break up that net of in-
filtrators who conspire against liberty from
their own territory and on many occasions
from the very offices that handle Interna-
tional affairs.
In publicly criticizing the action against
me, it is not my purpose to furnish ammuni-
tion tp communism in order to attack the
United States, I want it made clear that I
repudiate the action of those bad North
Americans who are causing the prestige of
that great nation to be lost, and I am con-
fident that soon. there will be a healthy rec-
tification with regard to the mistaken policy
that has been followed in my country.
Remember, Mr. President, that committing
injustices against the military and the dem-
ocratic people of our fatherland will make It
difficult fox, you to face the Communist con-
spiracy. if you should do that, you would
have to maintain the presence of foreign
troops in our country permanently, and that
would be the equivalent. definitely to deliver
our sovereignty.
W, thington';s Bad Faith
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
- HON. EDWARD J. IDERWINSKI
or u, inoIa
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, September 20, 1965
Mr. DERWINSKI:. Mr. Speaker, last
week a series of events unfolded in the
Dominican Republic that will ultimately
be understood by all objective observers
as a low mark in U.S. diplomatic activity
and a substantial defeat for peace and
freedom to which the American public
is dedicated. -
As the complete foreign policy collapse
of the Johnson administration becomes
more evident, the objective newspapers
of our country are performing a great
public service in honestly reporting to,
the citizens on matters of truth in pres-
ent foreign affairs. A notable editorial
of this nature appeared. in this morn-
ing's Chicago Tribune, which I place
in the RECORD at this point:
[From the Chicago (111.) '.tribune, Sept. 20,
1986]
WASHINGTON'S BAD FArrH
The enforced exile of Brig. Gen. Elias Wes-
sin y Wessin has handed the Communists a
quadruple victory in the Dominican Repub-
lic. The gunboat diplomacy employed by
the United States in the Caribbean in the
twenties and early thirties has now been re-
placed by the airborne diplomacy of the
sixties. And its use to whisk Wessin out
of the country on the night of September 9
will long be remembered by anti-Communist
Dominicans, for there is no record that any
Communist has been forcibly ejected or will
be booted out by the OAS or the United
States from that troubled Caribbean land.
The Communists not only pressured pro-
visional President Hector Garcia-Godoy to
retire Wessin from the army but they com-
pelled him=-because of the reluctance of the
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September 20, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 23539
According to these plans, the Canadian No doubt many more United States firms, indeed, that is what the big four have
plant will be equipped almost entirely with such as Eaton Manufacturing Co., will be already done. In pursuance of this
new machinery. Very little existing equip- transferring their operations to Canada to agreement, Canada has already uni-
ment will me moved from either Detroit or avail themselves of the competitive advan- laterally, if temporarily, eliminated her
Lackawanna to the Canadian location, which bages these assurances provide. Corse- tariff. The Canadian tariff on new auto-
will be at Chatham, Ontario. Without ruling quently many more U.S. workers will be los-
per-
out the possibility of reactivation of a por- ing their jobs once the agreement becomes mobiles from
an Impala United is 17
good
tion of the facilities at either Detroit or fully effective. cent. On Lackawanna to meet market demands not We respectfully request that you continue Ford or Plymouth, this amounts to $500
ff
now foreseen, the leaf parings to be produced
by the Spring Division will be made entirely
at the Chatham plant beginning approxi-
mately 1 year from now. .
Under current conditions the suspension
coil spring business remaining is not sub-
stantial enough to justify the large plant
facilities which they will occupy. In order
to warrant the continuation of coil spring
manufacture at our present location, it will
be necessary for us to obtain a most substan-
tial increase in our volume of business where
these items are concerned. This can be done
in two ways-by the introduction of new
products and by increased market penetra-
tion for existing products.
Where new products are concerned we have
a most encouraging one in the Torsionetic.
Universal Joint, but a great deal of time and
effort must be expended before this item will
replace any substantial portion of the loss
where leaf springs are concerned. At best
then the Torsionetic Joint represents for the
present no more than a good start in the
right direction.
Increased market penetration for existing
products, the second growth path open to us,
is a rugged road to follow, but take it we
must for only by it will we reach our com-
mon goal of jobs and job security. However,
we will succeed in reaching this goal only to
the extent that we can sell our springs prof-
itably for less money than our customers are
paying us currently. This is an obvious and
simple statement of economic fact, but the
consequences will hit hard on every facet of
our operations.
In the past we have been competing largely
with firms like ourselves having leaf springs
as their principal product. In the future we
will be competing than that to which we
have been accustomed. To compete success-
fully under the new conditions which con-
front us will require us to examine every
single phase of our operations and to make
whatever adjustments are required to assure
that we operate with a maximum of effi-
ciency and that we avoid all needless expense
during the critical days which lie ahead.
In closing, I would emphasize that man-
agement has no intention of abandoning the
manufacture of coil springs and that it has
high hopes that these phases of our current
operations can be carried on successfully pro-
vided only that every member of the organi-
zation accepts his share of the job which con-
fronts us.
Sincerely yours,
H. H. CLARK,
General Manager.
your noble endeavor to achieve Senate re- or more on the automobile. This tail
jection of this trade-restricting agreement reduction has been in effect since Jan-
with the wholehearted support of every uary, I believe, but there have been no
member of this local union. reductions in automobile prices to the
Sincerely,
L368, U.A.W., AFL-CIO, automobile consumers in Canada. So
LOCAL
WARREN MIKA, President. the big four are already pocketing vast
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. benefits from this agreement.
YOUNG of Ohio in the chair). The time Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President,
of the Senator from Tennessee has ex- will the Senator yield?
pired. Mr. GORE. I yield.
Mr. GORE. Mr. President, I ask Mr. SALTONSTALL: Mr. President,
unanimous consent to proceed for an ad- since this is the morning hour I shall
ditional 5 minutes. most respectfully, if there are to be
i
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. GORE. Mr. President, although
administration witnesses appearing be-
fore the committee denied that they
knew of any small businessman who has
thus far been hurt, or of any who had
been intimidated, and thus fearful of op-
posing this deal for the benefit of the big
four, this is also already apparent. I
have received a letter from a small busi-
nessman in Garden City, Mich., who tells
me that he was put out of business after
writing a letter to the editor of his news-
paper about this agreement. I do not
wish to use his name, but I have it in my
files if any Senators are interested.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the letter I now refer to be
printed at this point in my remarks.
There being no objection, the letter
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
The Honorable Senator ALBERT GORE,
The U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SiR: I am one of the independent
parts makers who carried the Canadian car
tariff fight to the public letter box of our
local newspapers.
On July 5, 1965, the Detroit Free Press
printed the enclosed letter over my signature.
On July 7, 1965, three small parts ship-
ments were returned to me for correction
and July 21, 1965, all of my orders were can-
celled for "late delivery."
The cancelled orders were assigned to
others for more money and the customer tried
to charge the penalty to my accounts receiv-
able which still are unpaid. Peak employ-
ment was 12 and today none.
Coincidence, perhaps. But you have my
best wishes in your fight to protect American
industry from unfair competition.
Sincerely,
Mr. GORE. Mr. President, reaction
on the Canadian side of the border has
been equally interesting. Up there, it
would appear that consumers have been
paying high prices for automobiles-
nigher than necessary, in my judgment-
because of Canadian tariffs. Now, they
are. going to have to pay higher prices
because there will be no tariff. Some of
them seem to be having difficulty in un-
derstanding any explanation other than
that the big four automobile companies
will pocket unjustified millions of their
dollars.
ave
speeches, nave to abject, because
matters of pressing importance to at-
tend to and desire to obtain the floor
myself.
Mr. GORE. Mr. President, how much
time have I remaining?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Tennessee has 2 minutes
remaining.
Mr. GORE. I shall conclude in 2
minutes. I yield to the Senator from
Missouri.
Mr. SYMINGTON. I commend the
able senior Senator from Tennessee for
the work he has done in this field. The
manipulation of the parts tariff has re-
sulted in a number of manufacturers in
this country having a 19 percent negative
tariff position, as against those who
manufacture parts in Canada. In an ef-
fort to correct this situation, an arrange-
ment has now been made which, in my
opinion, justifies the apprehension of the
Senator from Tennessee because of the
considerably lower hourly wage rate paid
by leading manufacturers of the United
States in their Canadian plants. In my
opinion, this development can only re-
sult in heavy additional unemployment
in the United States. Again, I congratu-
late the Senator for the fine work he has
done in this field.
Mr. GORE. I thank the distinguished
Senator from Missouri. The very pur-
pose of this agreement, the stated pur-
pose of the agreement, is to increase
manufacturing facilities in the automo-
tive industry in Canada. I shall have
more to say about this later.
I have much sympathy with the point
of view of Canadian consumers, and feel
that it has great validity. This matter,
of course, also has serious foreign policy
implications, for these companies are
clearly identified by the average Ca-
nadian as U.S. companies.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that two letters I have received from
Canadian citizens be printed at this point
in my remarks. One of these is a letter
written to a Canadian editor. Because
he is associated with one of the big four,
his name is not included, but I have it in
my files.
There being no objection, the letters
were ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
DETROIT, MICH.,
September 16, 1965.
The Honorable ALBERT GORE,
U.S. Senate, Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Our heartiest congratulations to you on
your forthright and perceptive opposition to
the Canadian-United States auto tariff agree-
ment now under Senate consideration.
Our members have already been informed
that the entire leaf spring operation in the
spring division of Eaton Manufacturing Co.
will cease at the end of the 1966 model year
because this product will be manufactured
exclusively in a new Eaton Canadian facility
thereafter.
This means that 350 of our members will
have their jobs completely eliminated be-
cause of the private assurances to Canada of
a substantial business increase.
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CONG]3.ESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE September 20, 1965
WINNxpEo, MANTrOBA, CANADA,
September 15, 1965.
Senator ALBERT Goas,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sm: I have read of your recent stand
on the Canada-United States auto trade pact
and greatly admire you for your stand on
same.
There is no sound reason that we Oana??
dians-in my case I am 60 miles from the
border-and there Is from $800 to $1,200 dif-
ference in price of a new car.
If they want free trade, throw open the
border and let the price of autos reach their
own level.
I never have been able to see why we Cana-
dians, with lower pay, are forced to pay
larger prices to Canadian companies that are
owned by U.S. parent companies.
Go after them sir: good luck.
Yours truly,
T. W. WADE.
The Ensros,
Winnipeg Free Press,
Winnipeg, Manitoba.
DEAR Six: In your Issue of May 11, you re-
port the Honorable Mr. Drury as stating that
in spite of the $50 million yearly reduction
or waiver of duty on parts for the car manu-
facturers, reducing their costs accordingly,
this reduction could not be passed on to the
public by way of lower prices on cars. The
reason he gave was that it was because of
the "greater costs of distribution in Canada,
stretching as it does from coast to coast, and
with many thinly populated areas." Well,
the United States stretches from coast to
coast, and has many thinly populated areas,
and has to meet very similar costs of dis-
tribution-which it manages to do, and still
keeps the price of its cars hundreds of dol-
lars lower than ours. So this hardly seems to
be a valid reason that Mr. Drury has given
to us.
To be precise on this matter of costs of dis-
tribution in Canada, whether lower or higher
or the same as in the United States, such
costs are included by the manufacturer in
the price at which it sells to its dealers.
These costs are integrated and included in
factory pricing along with the other elements
of cost such as labor, material, supplies,
wages, salaries, depreciation, advertising and
so forth. Therefore, if the factories reduce
the price of cars by the $50 million in ques-
tion and retained their present methods of
costing, their costs of distribution would be
covered as always In the price charged to
their dealers. So these costs are hardly a
factor that prevents factories from passing
along to their dealers, and thus to the con-
sumer the benefit of the $50 million bonus
they have been given by the Government.
But no. The reduction to the consumer
cannot be allowed It is said. (Who says?
the Government? the factories?)
Instead, this $50' million (not paid by the
factories) plus factory markup on this
Imaginary $50 million, and then plus the
dealers' markup on this already marked up
$50 million, are all still to be charged to the
consumer. For example:
[In millions]
There is this imaginary nonpaid cost
item-------------------------------- $50
To which factory adds its markup, say
20 percent--------------------------
10
Resulting in extra cost to the dealer of_-
60
And then the dealer (who has actually
paid the $60 million, it isn't imaginary
to him) adds his markup, say 20 per-
cent ---------------------------------
12
And now we have this extra cost to the
consumer-----------------------------
72
The public has to pay $72 million to make the factories apparently, as to what they may
good a gift of $50 million to the factories. try to do.
Goad economics? Commonsense? Equi- Perhaps a directive--governmental-is
tab let called for-car and truck prices are to be
And the above applies to 1 year only. reduced over the next few years, or else.
Tho' word is that it may take 3 years or more Yours truly,
to rgach the goal. (What is the goal? Price
par.ty with the United States? Near price Mr. GGORE. President, the Com-
party? or what? It has never been spelled
out,) mittee on Finance is continuing its study
Well then, over a 3-year period, we would of the ramifications of this most unusual
have 3 times $72 million equals $218 million. agreement. I hope every senator will be-
Repeat it-$216 million extra consumer come informed on this subject by the
cost., time the Senate proceeds to debate the
Th
t is not all
On
th
a
.
ce
e cars with these
exti a costs get into dealers inventories, the
dea eers will have to pay the extra insurance
premiums and the extra interest on the
moikey borrowed for this $60 million of ficti-
tioi: s cost, and the consumer in turn will
hav3 to pay the extra insurance premiums
and the extra Interest on money borrowed
for She $72 million of fictitious cost In his re-
tail price. Think of It. Insuring and bar-
tha' aren't really there.
It may be a good deal for someone, but not
for the consumer, helpless against this goug-
ing.
Who, eventually, gets these hundreds of
mill ions of dollars? Presumably any bene-
fits will be concentrated more or less in the
principal car manufacturing area of Can-
ada-in the form of increased Investment in
lanai: plant, machinery and equipment, and
in the form of local Increased employment
and the increased wages and salaries flowing
therefrom. These are all designed to in-
crease production and, hopefully, to lower
prices.
Haw are the other Provinces and their citi-
zensz going to feel about this? They are be-
ing Balled upon to foot the bill for the great
parl of this $216 million, and about their
onll'tangible return being a promised, some-
tima1 unknown amount of, maybe, car price
reds.ction.
It Is Ironic. Original imposition of duties
and tariffs was to foster Canadian automo-
bile production-being paid for by the con-
sum er In higher prices for his cars and trucks.
And now, when tariffs or customs are being
eliminated or suspended, the consumer has
to pay extra for this too. Tariff up, or tariff
down, the consumer pays. These tariffs and
duties have helped one area of Canada
greatly, and the rest of Canada but slightly.
And, in reverse, when tariffs come down, It
will be to benefit one area greatly, and the
rest of Canada but slightly.
Does anyone know what guarantees of
prico parity we are getting for this $216 mil-
lion or more? Apparently none, since all
that .we have been told Is that over the next
few years the factories have promised to try
to ii crease volume and to reduce prices.
A former and famous U.S. Secretary of
Defense, Mr. Charles Wilson (who had been
press dent of General Motors Corp.), was
once, quoted as saying that "what was good
for general Motors is good for the United
States" Likewise it appears that what Is
good for car makers is good for Canada.
T1.e factories are run by huge, wealthy,
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, last Fri-
day, September 17, beginning at page
23365 of the RECORD, I undertook to de-
fend the chairman of the committee on
Foreign Relations for a speech he made
earlier in the week in connection with
American foreign policy in the Domini-
can Republic. The debate has now been
joined by two of our well-known, able,
and usually accurate and well-informed
columnists, Messrs. Rowland Evans and
Robert Novak, in an. article entitled "Ful-
bright Furor" published in the Washing-
ton Post this morning. I ask unanimous
consent that the text of the column be
printed at the end of my remarJs.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
(See exhibit 1.)
Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, I should
like to make five specific points with re-
spect to the Evans-Novak column,
First, there is ample documentation of
Senator FULBRIGHT's reference to the ad-
verse Latin American reaction to U.S.
intervention in the Dominican Republic.
For example, President Raul. Leoni, of
Venezuela, said:
Such actions * * * tend. to revive the era
of unilateral intervention, which one sup-
posed had been left far behind by the evolu-
tion of international life. They place in seri-
ous jeopardy the principles and essential
norms that constitute the legal basis of the
OAS.
That statement is a quotation from an
article in the quarterly "Foreign Affairs,"
for July 1E 65.
Similar comments were made by Dr.
Rafael Cauldera, leader of the COPEI
Party in Venezuela; President Fernando
Belaunde Terry, of Peru, in his interview
on the NBC-TV "white paper"; President
Eduardo Frei Montalva, of Chile; and
President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, of Mex-
ico. The division of opinion within Ar-
gentina teas so deep that the Argentine
Government faced a domestic political
crisis.
for example, is probably the largest and rich- rrrere were, or course, E,aun AmeriCanS
eat ]rosiness organization In the world. To who supported the admirdstration's posi-
say mat it needs a share of $50 million an- tion. But with few exceptions-our ac-
nua]iy for the next few years to enable it to tion attracted the dictators of Nicaragua,
incnsase production is hard to believe. Nei- Haiti, and: Paraguay, and alienated the
ther General Motors or the other corpora- democrats of Mexico, Venezuela, and
tiomtare short of the necessary cash, or cash. Chile.
resources or managerial ability needed to pro-
duce Increased production. In fact, General My second point is that anti-Ameri-
Motaes, for one, manufactures money and Banish In the Dominican Republic,
pro8 is about as fast as it manufactures cars. which unquestionably exists to a substan-
Tle automobile industry does not need to tial extent, did not come from the Ful-
be fl{sanced or subsidized. It may need to bright speech. It came from the Ameri-
be told. can actions in the Dominican Republic
*1 don't want an agreement-terms set by in April and May. By indicating that
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September 20, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
there is a body' of senatorial opinion whole affair. FULBRIGHT, chairman of the But in the Dominican Republic, FUL-
which is opposed to the actions, the once-prestigious Senate Foreign Relations BRIGHT's attack will be remembered long
Fulbright speech is more likely to en- Committee, decided to postpone his con- after the Intelligence report is forgotten.
courage antimilitary and democratic demnation of U.S. policy.
Dominicans who would like to view the But when it came last week, the FULBRIGHT The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
111 timed as it would have further morning business?
United States as a liberal nation and a speech a was just earlier.
friend. This applies also elsewhere in been
President Johnson's appraisal.
the hemisphere, as is borne out by the When he received a copy of the speech 24
reactions we are daily getting from that hours before its REFERENCE OF PROPOSED -
delivery in the e Senate, , he CATION TO SENATE E COMMMMIT IS-
area, scanned it briefly.
TEES
Novak reference to White House security sided view of U.S. Intervention in the Do- Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I
clearance of a censored report on the full fam r more Republic last April would receive wish to raise an important extent on the Communist influence at he isoFor igntRia ionstCommitttee ch ir- procdural
question.
the time of the April revolt as justifying man) and embarrass the future course of Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President,
the action we took to support the mili- U.S. diplomacy In the Dominican Republic. I ask the Senator from Washington
tary junta in Santo Domingo. But in fact, remarked the President to a whether he intends to speak for more
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Senator, the Fulbright critique did not rep- than 3 minutes?
JAVITS in the chair). The time of the resent even a simple majority of the 19- Mr. MAGNUSON. I do not believe
Senator has expired. member committee. that I shall take more than 3 minutes.
Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, I ask This raises a serious Issue: In critical mat-
ters of foreign policy, how candid should a Mr. President, 2 weeks ago, or the week
unanimous consent that I be permitted Senator of FULBRIGHT'S prestige be in attack- before last, the Senator from Connecti-
to continue for 2 additional minutes. ing and undermining the Government's pol- cut [Mr. Done] submitted an amendment
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without icy in such a dangerous confrontation? to the farm bill. The amendment was
objection, the Senator from Pennsyl- Until recently, a major controversy such proposed as a substitute for the Mondale
vania is recognized for 2 additional min- as the one over U.S. intervention in the amendment, concerning the establish-
ates. Dominican Republic would have come before ment of a Select Joint Committee To
Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, I should FULBRIGHT'S committee for a long, reasoned Study East-West Trade.
like to see that report. The Committee investigation (far more thorough than the
on Foreign Relations was given a whole tquickie his summer probe . b This, In Fulbright committee submitted When the amendment,
) esu gest d
sheaf of classified information on alleged ) paart, roc
have resulted in a committee report backed
ked that the amendment be referrd to the
Communist domination of the Domini- by a strong majority. But today, FuL- Comittee on Foreign Relations.
can revolt. BRIGHT'S 19-man committee is split into i-
All I can say is that it was completely most 19 parts, representing every shade of I shall not take 3 minutes to go into
unconvincing as to any control of the opinion. the details concerning the jurisd ction
the revolution by Communists except that in a etooa commodate ambitiol s ISenato s of a acome ttee adealiI amthe chairman
it indicated that after, but not before, (from 13 members in 1947 to 19 members to and foreign commerce. Ittis so desig-
the massive American intervention
a day)
its abilit
to sot i
i
,
,
y
n un
son has declined nated. I should like to underline foreign
number of Communists did raise their drastically.
inal thinker, the antithesis of the organize-
revolutionWe call it the Committee on Commerce
. ti
on man or Senate type. in order to eliminate some verbiage.
My fourth point is that Evans and manshi the committee has n succumb d ato
Novak refer to the so-called quickie factional bickering so severe that FULBRIGHT thHowever, we not only have in
is area, but we also have a directrman-
probe by the Committee on Foreign Rela- threatened at one point to refuse to handle date from the Senate to examine mat-
tions. We had 13 sessions, listened to a the foreign aid bill
tration, took 660 pages of testimony,~and on the committtee. Butt' of the S FULL We have assumed and undertaken this
consumed 161/2 hours of the committee BRIGHT, as the embodiment of the Senate's responsibility on many occasions. We
u
time. I do not consider that to bee
fairs, Still nique constitutional powers in foreign af- have studied foreign commerce with
a
many months.pect and other a ecial resy to n- reference its fiscal
"quickie" investigation. It was search- sider the resultssof what he aysiand itsim- aspects forto
ing and far-reaching. pact outside the United States,
Finally, Mr. President, Evans and In the Dominican Republic, the impact of As the Senator from Ohio, who is a
Novak complain at some length about the FULBRIGHT'S speech (described by Senator distinguished member of the committee,
timing of the speech. Granted, there is THOMAS E. DODD, Democrat, of Connecticut, can testify, we have been doing ng this this for
never a good time for the chairman of as "a sweeping condemnation" of U.s. pol- many years. However, for some reason,
the r aag Committee t Foreign an of icy) is predictablge. to the bel Is
With it Dominican the Committee on Foreign Relations
tions to criticize an admi
on ela- nistration of his election thee, the Fulbright next ndl tment presidential
o
is ag ors to ion. I a tais ensure relates its t
own party. However, the speech was certin to lift the chances of the most anti- co merce cand n v e with the po -
withheld until the government of Presi- Yankee candidate in the field. commerce and is involved wth the
dent Garcia Godoy was installed and got By dramatizing so harshly his own disil- cal situation to such an extent t that
ha
off the ground. lusion with the U.S. decision to intervene, the measure cannot survive, the commit-
my opinion, the timing of the the Senator gives the most extreme anti-U.S. tee believes the measure should be re-
In speech was not only.theeltimi but f wile political factions in the Dominican Republic ferred to the Committee on Foreign Re-
, it a in the long run, do our posture in Theec na mnatiion Presidentialof Washin ton th
ntext. proble oblems I with theve their eir have sufficient
the Latin American countries a great soon be ringing from the hustings ins ni to p foreign affpirs,
amount of good. Domingo will be flavored with the Senator's baps what I read fn the papms per-
EXHIBIT 1 own ringing condemnation. hens they have ooh many uld not te
THE FULBRIGHT FUROR Nobody questions FULBRIGHT'S unlimited thinly enough so they should not tryto
right y to
(By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) in theoadm nib ati n Pandythe Senate ias onuComeerceisdfctfon of the Committee
One month ago, when the Johnson admin- well-question is his timing, I told the Senator
istration was playing midwife in the birth of Finally, these critics challenged the Sena- that it wo ld do no g from Connecticut
a new government in, Santo Domingo, Sen- tor's disregard of the sudden chaos last APrim the measure be ge referred m to o the request Commit-
that
ator FULBRIGHT, Democrat, of Arkansas, tem- in Santo Domingo and the impressive evi-
porarily laid aside his scathing indictment dence of deep Communist penetration of the him tee on hat our Foreign Re committee atiens. has I dsoinformed
of V.S. intervention in the bloody Dominican rebel command. si quite
me ton
revolution. When DODD made his reply on Thursday,
a dered the problem for ccom some time
e
FULBRIGHT's reason for delay: With the the White House was concerned enough to and that we hope to accomplish what
new government of U.S.-backed Hector Gar- give security clearance to a censored report the Senator suggested. The committee
cia Godoy barely coming into its own, the on the full extent of Communist influence in was unanimous in the view. I suggested
highly critical analysis of U.S. ations during the April revolt. The report alone is a com- that a bill providing for a select commit-
the late April uprising might set back the pelling argument for the intervention.
tec---even though I do not believe one is
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 23542
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE September 20, 1965
needed because our committee is work-
ing on the matter-should be referred to
the Committee on Commerce.
I understood at that time that the
Senator agreed with me, although I have
not spoken to him recently. I told the
Senator that the committee would pre-
pare a letter, and the committee has
prepared a letter. In the meantime,
the Senator from Connecticut. CMR.
DODD] on September 14 resubmitted
this meausre, not as a substitute for the
Mondale amendment, but as a separate
resolution.
The Senator then requested that the
measure be referred first to the Cominit-
tee on Foreign. Relations and then to the
Committee on Commerce for considera-
tion. I do not know what that means.
However, I did think we had an under-
standing. There may be some misun-
derstanding between us. However, I
did go to the desk prior to the 14th and
stated that I wanted a hold placed on
the referral on behalf of the Committee
on Commerce.
Of course, the desk cannot be respon-
sible when a Senator makes a unani-
mous-consent request and the request
is not objected to.
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, is it
permissible now to move to rerefer the
measure to the Committee on Cam-
merce?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator may introduce a resolution to
discharge the Committee on Foreign
Relations from further consideration of
the matter which has been referred to it.
The Senator may introduce such a
esolution. If objection is heard, the
matter will go over.
Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President,
as a Senator on this side of the aisle, I
have been asked to object to any unani-
mous-consent request that would inter-
fere with the pending business. This
being the morning hour, I most respect-
-fully object. I have no objection to what
the Senator wants to do, but I do object
to it being done at this time.
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I
serve notice that tomorrow, unless this
matter is straightened out, I shall, as
chairman of the committee-and
directed by the committee-so move.
I ask. unanimous consent that this
excellent analysis be printed at this point
in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
EDITOR'S REPORT: IKE SETTLES IT
(B,y William Randolph Hearst, Jr.)
It has seemed to me from the beginning
that the attempts to build up a disagreement
between President Johnson and former Presi-
dent Eisenhower over Vietnam were sur-
passingly silly and potentially destructive.
Now, thank goodness, Ike has blasted those
efforts to smithereens in two terse words-
"All rot."
He spoke not only as the commanding
voice of moderate republicanism, but as a
patriotic American who, in times of na-
tional: emergency or crisis, rises about par-
tisan considerations and party lines.
Here Is the heart of the matter, as General
Eisenhower expressed it:
..When our country is in a position of
crisis, there is only one thing agood Amer-
ican can do, and that is supp the dent."
For those who have been seeking to foment
dissension over something that happened 11
years ago It might be well to remember, as
t the par wlyhs foe.otten, that politics
CONCERN OVER ATTEMPTS TO they ;ap
stop
CREATE AND EXPLOIT A SEEM-
The disagreement buildup, in which sec.-
ING DISAGREEIIIENT BETWEEN tore of our press and broadcasting Industry
PRESIDENT JOHNSON AND as well as some Republicans showed more
PRESIDENT EISEN- zeal than reason, began last Tuesday after
FORMER General Eisenhower held a news conference
HOWER in Washington.
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I At that time he voiced a mild demurrer
am seriously concerned that attempts over the emphasis that has been placed by
create and exploit a seeming disagree- Ike 'wrote i the wrote i administration on a letter that
In October 1954, to Ngo Dinh
ment between our President and former Diem, then Premier of South Vietnam. The
letter to demon-
d th
As aresult, we have a measure re- questing the creation of a Joint Com- Amities on East-West Trade referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations while our committee is in the midst of studying the problem. Subsequently the Senator from New York [Mr. JAVITS] and the Senator from Connecticut [Mr. DODD] submitted a resolution and asked
that a certain committee report on East -
West trade--prepared by our commit-
tee-and the President has appointed a
temporary group-I shall place: the
names in the REcoRD-be referred to the
Committee on Foreign Relations be-
cause they were studying the wheat
trade problem
sr much broader than that.
I do not want to suggest that the
Senator from Connecticut did not do
what he thought; we had suggested,
Perhaps he did, and I shall talk with.
him. However, in the meantime, I servE
notice that tomorrow I shall ask unani,
mous consent that the bill be rereferret.
to the Committee on Commerce, regard..
less of whether the Senator from Con..
necticut is here. Nobody notified the
Committee on Commerce when this hap
11 the committee a discussing the matte:
in
a unanimous consent request is not
agreed to, I shall serve notice that we
shall make a motion to put this measure
back where it belongs-in the Commit-
tee on Commerce-and the Committee
on Foreign Relations can take care cC
its own matters. They have plenty cif
matters to consider. However, I believe
our committee is competent in this fieli 1,
sent day after day, week aft4a'
President Eisenhower may damage or
obscure this Nation's commitment in
Vietnam.
Deep and bitter partisanship has no
place in the debate concerning so seri-
ous a matter as the situation facing us
and the free world in South Vietnam. I
deplore, therefore, a recent partisan at-
tempts to build up a controversy between
these two distinguished Americans for
political purposes.
The details surrounding the origin of
our commitment in Vietnam may not be
precisely remembered; they may be open
to some debate. But let us speak frankly
and let us speak clearly: there must and
can be no debate about the fact that
e
administration has use
strate that U.S. commitment to South Viet-
nam began then.
Whether it did or did not depends largely
on where you sit. It is quite true, as General
Eisenhower pointed out, that "what we were
talking about was economic and foreign
aid -not military aid or the commitment
of our forces.
Yet General Eisenhower, disturbed by the
reckless way in which his words have been
slanted, has been among the first to make
clear that what was policy in 1954 does not
apply to policy in 1965.
In a statement Thursday at his Gettysburg
farm he said the public should understand
"how different the circumstances are today
from a decade ago."
In 1954, he went on, there was hope that
South Vietnam would be left in peace by
that commitment now exists. the Communists in North Vietnam, and
I believe that we must honor it. I be- could survive as a free nation by economic
lieve that this Nation must stand Cot'- aid alone. Those hopes, he said, have not
rageously for freedom in South Vietnam been have said again and again that I sup-
er fall abjectly somewhere else in the port the President," Ike said. "I've done
future. everything I can to show that I'm behind
This is a time for unity, for mutual re- him." .
spect, and for serious discussion of our ins stand was endorsed by former Vice
objectives in this effort-not for petty Pr6sident the Gettysburg publicanleadeI
squabbung. is endorsed, :I am absolutely sure, by the
Fortunately, General Eisenhower has va ?t majority of the American people, ex-
reaffirmed dent reaffirmed his strong support for Presi- eluding the appeasers and let's-get-out-cf-
Johnson's policy in Vietnam. There Vietnam clique.
the matter stands-and there it should I:t is distressing that a few Republicans,
f
be left to stand without irrelevant and n~otablyn, House GOP ee aERRALD R. FORD of
a manufactured
deeply make political capital out of , have sought
mischievous
I was deeplyly impressed by an article dissension. that doss not exist.
in the New York Journal-Am Randolph of In view of General Eisenhower's Gettys-
Sunday, August 22, by William Randolph burg remarks, where does this leave Mr.
Hearst, Jr., entitled, "Ike Settles It." FORD?
Mr. president, this article was written I would say way out in right field.
last month, but the controversy and dis- Being good soldiers, U.S. astronauts of
Cession seems to continue. I believe it course never comment on matters outside
Is well that it be printed in the RECORD. their orbits, but it occurs to me that it would.
having p
week, and year after year in studying
the matter of business and travel 11
foreign countries.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
time of the Senator has expired.
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, a
parliamentary Inquiry.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator will state It.
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