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• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000300130018-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 29, 2003
• Sequence Number: 18
• Publication Date: August 6, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

18934
Approved Fob RSNM.R1 P6~g 0003001300A llust 6, 1965
This change of climate has heartened popu-
lation experts, who have often felt that they
were lonely voices crying in a wilderness of
indifference to the dangers of population
inflation.
"Why am I optimistic today?" asks Frank
W. Notestein, president of the privately
financed Population Council.
GROWING OPTIMISM
"For two reasons: First, a real awareness
of the problem on the part of the people
and governments; and second, the recent
improvements In contraceptive techniques,
with the breakthrough on the pill and the
IUD (intrauterine device) in the last few
years."
In the United States, President Johnson's
state of the Union message last January
heralded a more affirmative and aggressive
Federal policy on birth control.
With only 25 words, Mr. Johnson went
further than any Other President to back
population-control efforts:
"I will seek new ways to use our knowledge
to help deal with the explosion of world
population and the growing scarcity of world
resources."
Then, the President called on all nations
to "face forthrightly the multiplying prob-
lems of our multiplying populations" when
he spoke on the 20th anniversary of the
United Nations in San Francisco.
"Let us act on the fact that less than $5
invested in population control is worth
$100 invested in economic growth," he told
the delegates.
SHIFT IN SENTIMENT
Other recent events reflect the shift in
sentiment toward the Government's role in
birth-control efforts:
Ten bills relating to birth control have
been Introduced in this Congress. A Senate
subcommittee is now holding hearings on a
bill that would set up two posts in the
State Department and the Health, Educa-
tion, and -Welfare Department to deal with
population problems at home and abroad.
Last year, the number of States offering
birth-control services In tax-supported medi-
cal and welfare programs rose from 21 to
35.
So far this year, some 11 States have
taken action either to repeal old State birth-
control bans or to provide family-planning
services. The Supreme Court recently struck
down the Connecticut law that forbade the
sale or use of contraceptives.
The Interior Department announced it
would offer both birth-control advice and de-
vices to American Incclans on reservations,
natives of the Pacific Trust Territory, and
Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts in Alaska.
It thus became the first Federal agency to
supply contraceptive devices directly. The
program, Interior Secretary Stewart L. Udall
emphasized, is entirely voluntary.
The Office of Economic Opportunity, as
part of the war on poverty, has said it will
provide funds for family-planning services
as part of an overall program if approved
by a general community consensus.
Corpus Christi, Tex., received the first
grant, for $8,500, for a 6-month pilot proj-
ect of neighborhood clinics in low-income
areas. Programs have also been approved for
Oakland, Calif., Austin, Tex., St. Louis,
Nashville, and Buffalo.
OPPOSITION
Local Catholic opposition has held up ap-
proval of a grant to Milwaukee.
Last March, the Agency for International
Development sent out a directive to its mis-
sions to supply technical assistance-but not
contraceptive devices-to governments re-
questing it.
The same month AID granted $45,000 to
the Jamaica Planning Association to buy
vehicles and other equipment for a birth-
control education program.
U.S. Surgeon General Luther L. Terry urged
the World Health Organization to take posi-
tive action in the adoption of a clear-cut
policy on birth control.
Who voted unanimously to supply tech-
nical assistance to members requesting it but
not to involve operational activities-re-
portedly a compromise to allay Catholic fears.
Until recently, the Federal Government
has carefully avoided direct involvement In
the touchy field of birth control. It has been
considered politically explosive both at home
and abroad.
The Roman Catholic Church has presented
the most formidable and unswerving op-
position to public birth-control policies and
programs.
CATHOLIC REVIEW
Today the church is undergoing a search-
ing review of its position on the regulation of
childbirth. Pope Paul's pronouncement-
the ultimate decision Is his-may come be-
fore the bishops of the Second Vatican Coun-
cil convene September 14 for their final
session.
In the United States, there are 60 million
Catholics, nearly a quarter of the population.
Latin America, where population is growing
the fastest, Is predominantly Catholic.
Pope Paul appointed a special commission
of clerics, scientists, and married couples to
advise him. The commission, which has
been meeting more than a year, has been re-
ported as divided.
Some commission members are reported
standing firm against any change In the
church position. Others are believed in favor
of sanction for use of contraceptive pills.
And still others have been reported to be
supporting a wider range of contraceptive
means.
THE PILL
The only means of birth control now ap-
proved by the Catholic Church is total ab-
stinence during the wife's fertile period-
the rhythm method.
The pill offers a method that is not unrec-
oncilable to Catholic teaching, its supporters
argue. It suppresses ovulation, they em-
phasize, without use of mechanical barriers
condemned by the church.
One of the pills' developers is Dr. John
Rock, a Catholic himself. He has emphasized
that canon law defines the end of marriage
as both the procreation and education of
children and speaks of a "fusion of these
obligations."
Shortly before his death in 1958, Pope Pius
XII condemned the pill as a "sterilizer." The
antipill school argues that it represents a
kind of direct intervention, previously con-
demned by a number of Popes.
THE IUD METHOD
The IUD (antra-uterine device) also could
pose an intricate problem for Catholic doc-
trine. The question here may be whether
the loops of the device prevent fertilization-
before embryonic life is formed-to act to
prevent the fertilized egg from taking hold
in the uterus. In the latter case, the coil
may be viewed as an early abortion-produc-
ing device and open to unyielding condemna-
tion.
Last October at the third session of the
Vatican Council, four cardinals spoke out
for a redefinition of the church position on
birth control.
Leon Josef Cardinal Suenens of Belgium
urged the Council "to meet the immense
problem posed by the present demographic
explosion."
"The matter is difficult, but the world is
waiting," he added.
Public opinion polls have shown that many
Catholics favor birth control and practice it
by other means than the rhythm methods.
A recent Louis Harris survey showed a 3-to-
2 majority of Catholic couples favored relaxa-
tion of the church's rigid stand.
In South America, some priests have
avoided taking a stand rather than obstruct
birth control efforts among their poor par-
ishioners. In Europe, several of the countries
with the lowest birth rates are predominant-
ly Catholic-Austria, Belgium, France, and
Italy.
THE WAIT
But until Pope Paul makes his pronounce-
ment the Catholic doctrine remains that of
centuries.
"Despite popular opinion to the contrary,
the attitude of the Catholic Church to con-
traception is still one of condemnation as a
moral evil," Monsignor John C. Knott, head
of the Family Life Bureau of the National
Catholic Welfare Council, has declared.
Not every one thinks the world has popu-
lation problems. Some reputable scientists
and demographers feel that we shouldn't un-
derestimate the ability of science to take care
of rapid growth in the years ahead.
Malthus was proved wrong once, they point
out, and they decry the alarmists and the
"popular prophets of demographic gloom and
doom."
But more and more people and govern-
ments are becoming worried over the prob-
lems of overpopulation.
They see serious consequences for man-
kind-in the search for world peace and order,
in economic growth in the underdeveloped
countries, in the hopes of the world's poor
for a little better life, in the welfare of the
individual family.
The quantity of human life could well
wipe out much of the quality of human life,
they warn. Children born today will be 35
in the year 2000, when there will be twice
as many people on earth. Some will live
to see a world three times as populous as
today's if present growth rates continue.
Population control certainly won't solve
all of man's troubles. But it is close to the
M
Mr. DODD. Mr. President, yesterday
there was brought to my attention a
speech delivered by Mr. Steve Allen be-
fore a benefit of the SANE Nuclear Pol-
icy Committee this last May 16. Be-
cause I consider it one of the most re-
markable speeches on the subject of
Vietnam that I have yet seen, I ask unan-
imous consent to have the text of Mr.
Allen's statement printed into the REC-
oan at the conclusion of my remarks.
Speaking as a liberal to the audience
of an organization that has generally
been critical of administration policy in
Vietnam, Mr. Allen told his listeners:
It Is not particularly wise to view the
present confrontation In southeast Asia as
just another competition between nations
in the more or less historic pattern, nor, as
just as a simple matter of revolutionary
nationalism. For what is Involved here es-
sentially is a philosophical confrontation.
There is a contest going on In the world
to determine whether men can be left to
work out their own economic destinies in
a more or less loose democratic framework-
in which the at least relative freedom and
dignity of the individual is basically impor-
tant-or whether it is necessary to achieve
certain economic ends by state coercion of
the people, strict dictatorship that denies
freedom of speech, freedom of the press, free-
dom of belief, and freedom of assembly,
all of which we insist we hold dear.
At present, we are justifiably concerned
with the denial of civil rights and liberties
in this country because such denial is an
abuse of our professed philosophy. But in
Communist states such denial is not re-
garded as an abuse but is defended as part
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 August 6, 19 pproved For a ft : , $R 67BYJ ffR00300130018-6
the Communist bloc. The Asian country
that controls its population growth prob.-
ably will be the first to achieve an eoondinic
takeoff to offer people a better life.
Philip M. Hauser, University of Chicago
demographer and former aottnig director of
the Census Bureau, has pointed out that the
other underdeveloped countries are closely
watching the race between India and Com-
munist China.
BIRTH RATE MAY DECIDE
Both are trying to achieve a higher stand-
ard of living-one by Communist methods
and the other by a modified democratic"way.
"Success or failure in this fateful contest
may well hinge on the ability of the nations
involved to decrease their rates of popula-
tion growth," Hauser emphasizes.
Burdened down by a high birth rate, India
is in a painful struggle to modernize for
economic growth. Its official family planning
policy has shown few results' over a decade,
partly because of indifferent governmiient
leadership and bureaucratic snarls.
In 1956, Communist China launched a
family planning drive, stressing contracep-
tion, sterilization, and induced abortion In
less than a year the campaign was turned off
and the government turned its energies and
verbiage to the "Great Leap forward"
The reasons for the abrupt about face never
were explained-there was a good harvest
that year, the family planning drive ran into
peasant resistance, and justification required
some nimble flip-flops in the Marxist line.
REVIVED OIL' LOwEe KEY
The population Control campaign soon was
revived in a lower key, with emphasis on
delayed marriages and children.
In an interview last year with journalist
Edgar Snow, Premier Chou En-tai supported
planned parenthood as "cond"ucive to raising
the standard of living." China, he told Snow,
had sent a delegation to Japan to study how
that country had reduced its birth rate. It
also has had its scientists at work on a birth-
control pill, Chou said.
No one knows for sure how many people
live behind the Bamboo Curtain or how fast
the population is growing. The estimate is
that the population may be around 750 mil-
lion and the growth rate about 2.5 percent.
The International political situation gives
special signiflgance to polAilation growth,
al>d the implications extend-far beyond the
race between China and India.
POOR AREAS BURSTING
Today a little more than two-thirds of the
world's people live in the underdeveloped
areas of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Within 35 years, these areas probably will
held four-fifths of the world population.
6 of every 10 new persons added to
the t4or1d population n are born in Asia. An-
other two are born in Latin America and
Africa.
The overweighted racial imbalance is ob-
vious. But more significant in the long
run is the widening gap between the "have"
and the "have-not" nations, This is some-
thing that could have a profound impact
on world peace and world order.
'Hauser points out that this widening gap
between the rich and poor nations could
lead to a North-South division of the world
replace the presently polarity between the
]]last and the West, The "have-note" now
have had a glimpse of a better life; If their
aspirations are blocked, they may blow off
their frustrations In revolutions and con-
vulsions of unrest.
ASIA'S BIG PROBLEM
The world's biggest population problemsare
concentrated in Asia, which now has 56
percent of the global population.
The only Asian nation that has succeeded
In controlling its population growth is Japan.
And that country-highly literate, modern-
ized, and industrallZed-cannot serve as a
model to guide the other underdeveloped
countries of Asia.
In just a decade, Japan halved its birth
rate, the fastest decline in history. in 1947,
the rate was 34.3 per 1,000, of population.
Ten years later it had dropped down to
nearly 17.
Japan, a crowded island with a population
halt that of the United States crammed
into 5 percent of the land space, came out of
the war with its industry smashed. More
than 5 million men came home from the
Pacific islands.
JAPAN ACCEPTS ABORTIONS
In 1948, the Japanese government passed
a national eugenics act that liberalized the
laws on legal abortions. But even before this,
the' Japanese people -had made their deci-
sions and started limiting families.
The birth rate had been falling even be-
fore World War II, but rose temporarily
with the postwar baby boom.
The Japanese have no religious qualms
over abortion and relied largely on this meth-
od to limit their families. Now, with im-
provements in contraception in recent years,
there are moves to encourage greater use
of more conventional birth control meth-
ods. But there still are about one million
abortions each year in Japan.
Within the last two or three years, there
have been hopeful signs that other Asian
nations are making gains in population con-
trol,
RATE DIPS IN HONG KONG
Taiwan and South Korea have turned to
the intrauterine device (IUD) to push fam-
ily planning and have expanded pilot pro-
grams into national policy. In Taiwan, the
birth rate dropped from 42 per 1,000 in 1958 to
35 last year. Ceylon, with technical assist-
ance from Sweden, Is now moving ahead on
its program.
In Hong Kong last year, the birth rate
fell below 30 per 1,000 for the first time.
This island city is incredibly congested be-
cause of the immigration of mainland re-
fugees. It is an artificial situation, but it
does point up what can happen as popula-
tion swells-in low-income public housing
only 24 square feet, perhaps the size of a
railroad compartment, is allotted to each
person.
Rats, given ample food but jammed in
crowded pens, have become neurotic and
frustrated and develop rat societal prob-
lems. How human society will, bear up un-
der the stress of such crowding is something
for speculation.
For the present, the heart of the world's
population problem does lie in Asia. But
it is tropical Latin America that has the
fastest rate of growth.
Though rich in space and__ natural re-
sources, Latin American countries are having
serious population difficulties. Their people
are poor, and more and more are being born
without any hope of adequate food, housing,
or clothing.
The late President Kennedy took note of
the situation in his 1961~message on foreign
aid :
"The magnitude of the problem is stag-
gering. In Latin America, for example, the
population growth is already threatening to
outpace economic growth-and in some
parts of the continent living standards axe
actually declining."
BABY BORN IN BRAZIL
In many South American countries the
population growth rate is 3 percent or bet-
ter. Brazil, the giant of South America, has
a birth rate of about 45 per 1,000 and is
growing at a 3.5 percent clip. At this rate
the population of 80 million will double In
two decades.
On the hills around Rio de Janeiro, more
and more poor crowd into the miserable
slum "favelas," looking down without hope
on the bright lights of the beautiful city.
The picture in Latin American is grim.
Some Asian nations are at least beginning
to talk about their population problems. No
one seems concerned in many of the Cath-
olic countries of Latin America.
However, concern over the rising number
of abortions is growing in a few countries.
In Chile, which has added family-planning
services in hospitals, about a fourth of the
maternity beds have been occupied by post-
abortion patients, The estimates are that
there are three abortions to every live birth
in Uruguay.
PUERTO RICO CUTS RATE
Puerto Rico, which had some pioneering
private family-planning programs as early
as the 1930's, has slowly reduced her birth
rate. Part of the drop undoubtedly is due
to the emigration of young people. But one
survey has shown that one in five women
between the ages 15 and 44 had had '7a
operacion'"-voluntary sterilization.
There is no world population problem as
such. The problems are different with the
countries and areas.
Both the United States and Russia may be
said to have a controlled population-al-
though some say it is controlled at too high
a growth rate, between 1.6 and 1.8 percent.
The Soviet Union recently admitted it was
having trouble finding jobs for its youths,
much like the problem in the United States.
In both countries, the birth rate 'has
dropped slightly in recent years, edging down
to 20 or 22 per 1,000. But this still is above
that of Japan and most countries of Western
Europe, with birth rates well below 20 per
1,000 and growth rates at :1 percent or below.
[Fronx the Washington (D.C.) Post,
Aug. 6, 1965]
VATICAN REEXAMINES STAND ON BIRTH CON-
TROL: OUR CROWDED EARTH-VI
(By Jean M. White)
Perhaps by mid-September, or soon there-
after, Pope Paul VI will make a pronounce-
ment on "the problem which everyone is talk-
ing about, that is birth control."
The long-awaited statement will be a mo-
mentous one for millions of devout Catho-
lics throughout the world. It will come after
a searching dialog within the Raman Catho-
lic Church, among the hierarchy, theolo-
gians, and lay men and women.
Only last June, Pope Paul asked with re-
spectful urgency that his special advisory
commission speed its report to him. Earlier,
he had spoken feelingly of the anguish of
many souls waiting for the church to re-
examine Its position on birth control.
INTENSE PROBE
The reexamination has been intense with-
in the framework of centuries of Catholic
teaching and opposition to artificial methods
of contraception. It comes at a time of con-
siderable change of sentiment in both pub-
lic and private sectors toward birth control.
Within the last few years, there has been a
turning point in public awareness of the
problems of overpopulation, both for a fam-
ily and for a nation.
This has brought demands for more gov-
ernment action in the field of family plan-
ning. More and more nations, particularly
in the struggling underdeveloped areas of
the world, have Come to the decision they
must adopt and pursue family-planning poli-
cies for the well-being of their people.
So birth control-once considered off lim-
its in national and international politics-
is now a proper subject for public discussion
and action.
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 August 6, T proved For RvdRq@Rt%,WMA1,:fJt@Rb6_ZP
00300130018-6 18935
and parcel of the status quo. More power, historic pattern, nor as just a simple matter States is prepared to pull its troops out of
then, to those who uphold freedom, justice, of revolutionary nationalism- For what is South Vietnam if Hanoi were willing to do
democracy, civil rights, and liberties-but let involved here essentially is a philosophical the same with its guerrillas.
us demand these glorious ideals universally. confrontation. There is a contest going on Unfortunately the response from Commu-
Mr. President, I earnestly hope that in the world to determine whether men can nist capitals has been a flat rejection of
my colleagues Pwill resident, find the time hope that be left to work out their own economic des- American suggestions that negotiations
tinies in a more-or-less loose democratic might be advisable. In fact, at the very
Mr. Allen's statement which I feel de- framework-in which the at least relative same moment that President Johnson was
serves far more attention than it has freedom and dignity of the individual is basi- being criticized for failure to seek negotia-
heretofore received. tally important-or whether It is necessary to tions, Hanoi radio was contemptuously de-
Though there are some liberals who achieve certain economic ends by state co- scribing the United States as begging for
pretend that the liberal community in ercion of the people, strict dictatorship that such negotiations. Hanoi also bitterly at-
pre country Is solidly opposed to the denies freedom of speech, freedom of the tacked Tito of Yugoslavia for having had
this siou t policy, soMr. lidly opposed to t the freedom of belief, and freedom of as- the temerity to suggest that the United Na-
P another proof, if proof were needed, sembly, all of which we insist we hold dear. tions might be instrumental in working to-
Whatever the merits of Marxtan economic ward a solution. And just yesterday Hanoi
that many of the most prominent mem- theory it is clear from massive historical evi- rejected Indian overtures toward initiating
bers of the liberal community are com- done that in the hands of Socialists of the negotiations, and this at a time when for
pletely behind the administration's de- Western European type it is content to work 3 days there.had been no American bombing
termination to prevent a Communist toward its ends by education, propaganda, raids in the north.
takeover in Vietnam and southeast Asia, and the ballot, whereas in the hands of Com- I will take no more of your time here to
I would remind my colleagues, among munists It is prepared to resort to the prison elaborate on the subject. I recently de-
other things, that the AFL-CIO, which camp, the firing squad, and the secret po- livered a talk on Vietnam that ran for an
lice to achieve what it considers necessary. hour and even at the end of that time I felt
certainly must be considered the most There is, you understand, no expression of I had only begun to scratch the surface.
significant single segment of the liberal opinion involved here. I am simply out- But I did want to suggest that there is a
community in our country, has gone on lining the true situation as it has revealed danger of imbalance In criticism that Is di-
record in repeated resolutions in support itself during the past half century. I have rented only at Washington and never, or
of the administration's policy. Opinions and prejudices about the matter- rarely, at Hanoi or Peiping. Hanoi does not
I also ask unanimous cto Insert as we all do-but I an content now merely hide the fact that it wishes to control all
into the sk unanimous usic consent the noted to draw your attention to what exists. of Vietnam. It is therefore out of the ques-
Intomhest, Ralph an article by comment- At present we are justifiably concerned tion for us to simply pull out of the area-
columnist, the denial of civil rights and liberties in as some are demanding-without having a
ing on Mr. Allen's speech. this country because such denial is an abuse clear understanding as to what sort of po-
There being no objection, the speech of our professed philosophy. But in Corn- litical climate would prevail after our de-
and article were ordered to be printed munist states such denial is not regarded as parture.
in the RECORD, as follows: an abuse but is defended as part-and-parcel That the United States had made mistakes
REMARKS AT "SANE" BENEFIT of the status quo. More power, then, to in Vietnam, and is likely to make more in
those who uphold freedom, justice, democ- the future, seems a safe, if depressing, as-
For several years the National Committee racy, civil rights and liberties-but let us de- sumption. But the most helpful public
for a Sane Nuclear Policy wrestled chiefly nand these glorious ideals universally. criticism will be that which takes not a
with the specific dilemma to which the or- So, to return to my main theme, i think it limited but a full 360-degree view of the
ganization's title refers, the question of how is necessary to consider the Vietnam dilemma situation. Which is to say that what is
to live in a world. bristling with nuclear as part of this larger historic context rather needed is criticism that-while not under-
weapons. than purely as another example of standard estimating the serious danger of stumbling
The achievement of the test ban treaty international power politics. into war with China, or even of open in-
was an important milestone In the eternal Now American Communists are naturally fantry war with the large North Vietnam
quest for peace with freedom, security, and anxious for the United States to simply pull Army-is nevertheless at the same time
rationality. But once that point had been out of Vietnam, period. Their sympathies aware that, if we are serious about our com-
passed Sane found itself drawn to address a are no secret and they can certainly not ob- mitment to certain basic Western political
wider range of foreign policy questions. It ject to being accused of that of which they Ideals, we must also recognize the danger
is true that behind all,these questions there daily boast. They hope for the triumph of to world peace posed by the tendency of
still lurks the very real danger of nuclear communism in southeast Asia and there is, Communist powers to extend their Influence
war, for the weapons continue to exist and as I say, nothing mysterious about the by military means to nations and peoples
they are still being added to but I assume prejudice that makes them advance their not presently under their domination.
that even If all the worlds' nuclear weapons recommendations. Some of them would
were to disappear this evening we would still hope for a Russian presences and influence [From King Features Syndicate, New York,
concern ourselves, as individuals and/or as in southeast Asia, Some are ..L ~,
u t1.IIleZ-
situations that threaten international peace. scan Communists hope for the e achievement
STEVE ALLEN AND THE LIBERALS-A HELP^UL
Presently we are much concerned with of Communist States in southeast Asia but NOTE?
the problem of the war in Vietnam. On the with a considerable degree of national in- (By Ralph de Toledano)
basis of my brief visit to Saigon last summer dependence, along, say, the Yugoslav model. I hope I have established myself sufficiently
I could see that the American commitment But even many anti-Communists have as a conservative to write this column with-
there was going to be stepped-up and In- grave reservations about the wisdom of Amer- out any misunderstandings. Before my al-
creased, and nothing that has happened since scan policy in Vietnam and the surrounding lotted words are up, you will see why.
that time has come as a surprise to me. areas. It is entirely clear, in fact, that the Recently, Steve Allen sent me a copy of
As regards the question: what should be overwhelming majority of criticism current- some remarks he had made before a national
done, I have a few observations that you ly being directed at our Vietnam programs committee for a sane nuclear policy group.
might consider helpful. and acts comes from non-Communist Mr. Allen, I am sure, defines himself as a
First of.all, nobody knows. Eveyrbody is sources. liberal-and his views on nuclear testing
guessing. And this Is the case partly be- Even these critics, however, must be on have brought him the sharp stings of many
cause no one, apparently, is able to command guard against succumbing to the appeal of conservatives and some fellow liberals. But
all the factors that make up the problem. winning the argument as distinguished from he is a man who is ready to discuss differ-
The future cannot be predicted, the possible getting at the truth. At this moment many ences in an honest, calm, and reasonable
alternatives open to both sides are numerous, non-Communist critics of administration manner, which is rare, indeed, in these
and as emotional forces become dominant it policy are saying that we should stop bomb- feverish days. He is also ready to speak his
becomes Increasingly difficult to determine ing and start negotiating. mind without fear of antagonizing those
the factual realities and recommend policy But we cannot negotiate with ourselves. among his friends whose blindfold is show-
based upon them. All of which adds up to President Johnson has repeated Secretary ing.
this: that it Is unwise-whatever one's point Rusk's statement that the missing factor Therefore, what he had to say about Viet-
of view or prejudice-to be dogmatic about needed for negotiations to begin was "any tam-a country he has visited--assumes im-
Vietnam. We are all guessing, feeling our indication-from anyone" that the north was portance, particularly since Mr. Allen is the
way, and I think it would be helpful there- prepared to stop the infiltration of men and articulate spokesman of a point of view we
fore if, in making our various suggestions, supplies in the south. We have also indi- cannot blink away. He writes me that "the
We advanced them. more often in a helpful cated time and again our willingness to sup- night I made my remarks there was an au-
and constructive spirit. port a vast regional development plan if a dience of what looked like a thousand or
Secondly I would observe that it is not par- satisfactory peace can be achieved in south- perhaps 1,200 people. About four or five of
titularly wise to view the present confron- east Asia. The administration has further- them hissed when I got into the meat of the
tation in southeast Asia as just another com- more made what seems to me the quite re- talk. At that about a hundred others began
petition between nations in the more-or-less markable announcement that the United shushing the hissers."
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Approved Fore j14A RJ 7@tp$A 0003001300'1A26gust 6, 1965
What was the meat of that talk? To begin THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINIS- erally the problems of our complex society.
with, Steve Allen politely noted that much TRATION I would, however, like to discuss one prob-
of the criticism of our Vietnam policy is lem and one dilemma facing all of us today.
based on guessing--and this, I might add, Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, the We are concerned about promoting better
con-
includes some of my journalistic colleagues. Senator from Missouri CMr. LONG] health for with preserving All of us al rig also
and
But he went on: "it is not particularly spoke this week in New York on the way he
individual freedom. For the preservation
wise to view. the present confrontation in in which the Food and Drug Adminis- of our freedom we have created many insti-
southeast Asia as just another competition tration has misused the powers which tutions yet the primary safeguard will al-
between nations in the more-or-less historic the law and the Congress have bestowed ways reside with alert and interested citizens.
lutotia nor i just a simple matter must hhave upon it. To promote better health, we have also e jo How that
jolted ted some e of of the e audience, suckled d as they y Mr. President, I have always sup- created many institutions, one of these m in-
are on slogans that lost their validity in ported an adequate pure food and drug Is being hey F terallarood atnd ru must and
1946. agency in order to help protect the con-
"What is involved here," Steve Allen went sumer and the public against fraud and should rely on individual initiative and
on, "is a philosophical confrontation. There deceit and noxious foods. One of the discretion.
To make the Food and Drug Administra-
is a contest going on in the world to deter- sad events, to me at least, has been the tion an effective agency of the people, we
mine whether men can be left to work out way this agency has emphasized its have had to bestow upon it very large powers-
chetrls f efonomiramewoork * destinies " o ior a loose whether it is It is "police" powers and downgraded its Yet today, because of a perverse idea of the
trai
necessary to achieve certain economic ends scientific staff and-work in comparison. public interest, the FDA is misusing these
by State coercion of the people, strict dic- As a result we have- an agency which powers.
tatorship that denies freedom of speech, free- has been lax in its efforts to protect the Very recently, in a court of law, an agent
dom.of the press, fl c-oin of belief, and free- public against high drug prices and for the FDA, a man who is supposed to be a
dom of assembly, all of which we insist we highly toxic drugs put out by the big servant of the people, stated that "I wouldn't
hold, dear." hesitate to tell a lie if it would help the
Much of this receives lip service from many drug companies, but which, instead, American consumer."
both sides eof the ve Allen curt t bar- spends most of its time, through its dis- To a man like me; to a man who has
ris,h Steve Allen en began cutting ing to the
harrying and harrass- man who firmly believes ai in those principles
the insspction staffs, large
quick quick when en he added: of democracy and individual freedom which
.,At present we are justifiably concerned ing the small vitamin manufacturer or Na
with the denial of civil rights and liberties the distributor of what some might call have that made it the today, United this t States s the the grereat atNa-
-tion
ghtle in this country because such a denial is an unorthodox foods which are nontoxic ment a a?n officer this the ugh and Drug
abuse of our professed philosophy. But in and harmless. Administration cannot be less than horrify-
Communist states such denial is not regarded And, in doing so, as Senator LONG so ing and disgusting.
as an abuse but defended as part-and-parcel well provides example after example, It is axiomatic that protection of the con-
of . the status o d More pusti, then, they resort to illegal, unethical, and im- sumer is a worthy goal-but such protection
those who uphold, freedom, iustidemoc- u is worthless if, in the process, the whole
racy, civil rights and liberties--but let us proper methods. basis of the American governmental and
demand these glorious ideals universally." Senator LONG is doing a splendid job political system is to be eroded and dHow many of those who picket for free- of trying to protect the public against The employee of the eroded made destroyed.
ed FDA this
dom-and who upset the orderly process of these improper tactics of some Govern- statement is not alone. Many key employees
education with obscene whoops-raise their ment agencies. The Food and Drug and officials of FDA have exhibited over and
voices against Communist tyranny in Cuba Administration, as his hearings have over again that they have no true under-
or Red China or behind the Iron Curtain? brought out, has been one of the worst standing of the American way of life and
slaw many of them protested
nily for when a Yugo- g offenders. the American democracy-they have failed,
olay writer was
out against Soviet Soviet tried recentl oppression? Mr. Allen I ask unanimous consent that his over and over again, to see that as they
trample individual liberties, they cannot
pointedly referred to this when he warned speech to the National Dietary Foods possibly further even their own goal of Prot
his SANE audience of the "danger of imbai- Association on August 2, 1965, where testing the consumer.
ance in criticism. that is directed only at he piles up the evidence against the The Food and Drug Administration, as it
Washington and never, or rarely, at Hanoi or FDA be printed in the body of the was conceived years ago, had worthy goals.
Peiping." RECORD. While public regulation of im- Unfortunately, the agency has not lived up to
Let me quote his sump at made noting proper practices is necessary, we cannot these goals. On the one hand, it has been
that the, United States has mars mistakes u- permit a self-perpetuating bureaucracy virtually ineffective in controlling large
Viet-hi and will make mistakes the mine manufacturers and powerful interests; on
tore-his idea those mistakes and mito us gestapo tactics and to violate the the other, it has ruthlessly persecuted many
would, I assume, differ rather sharply-he legitimate rights of citizens which we small manufacturers and relatively weak
pleads: - have supposed were guaranteed by the groups of people.
"What is needed is criticism that-while Constitution. In pursuing the health of Americans, the
not underestimating the serious danger of There being no objection, the address Food and Drug Administration is today un-
stumbling into war with China or even of was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, dermining the health of America.
open infantry war with the large North Viet- as follows: Three Of our most basic God-given rights
nam army-is nevertheless at the same time are embodied in the Bill of dgiv. rights
aware that, If we are serious about our tom rights are stated in the first, fourth, and
mitment to certain basic western political ADDRESS BY U.S. SENATOR EDWARD V. LONG, op political MISSOURI fifth amendments of the Constitution.
ideals, we must also recognize the danger to As a Senator, and especially as chairman of The first amendment, in part, states that
world peace posed by the tendency of Com- the Subcommittee on Administrative Prac- Congress shall make no law respecting an
munist powers to extend their influence by tice and Procedure of the Senate Committee establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
military means." on the Judiciary, my first interest has been free exercise thereof; or abridging the free-
These are sentiments which would not be to Preserve and expand the freedom and dom of speech or of the press.
'shared by that somewhat addled apostle of rights of the individual. The primary goal The fourth Amendment guarantees for all
unilateral nuclear disarmament, Bertrand of the National Dietary Foods Association Is Americans the security of themselves and
Russell-or by otherwise sane Americans to promote better health for all Americans. their possessions from unreasonable and 11-
given to what some conservatives Would call. It is one of the blessings, as well as one of legal searches and seizures.
in-SANE-ity. His remarks on Vietnam I find the problems, of our modern society that The fifth Amendment guarantees that no
highly encouraging, for they point in the both our primary interests have become person shall be deprived of his life, liberty,
direction of a dialog with conservatives and thoroughly intertwined. - orproperty without due process of law, and.
liberals of good will to arrive at minimum America and all aspects of American that no person shall be forced to testify
positions which will insure the safety and society have been growing at an ever ex- against himself.
the security of the United States--and, in the panding rate. The problems which con- During the investigations, and hearings
long run, the entire free world. If we can front us today on every hand have grown held by my Senate subcommittee, we were
arrive at those minimum positions, then the more complex. Our capacity to solve such dismayed and sickened to learn that the
garbled and acrimonious debate which has problems has also grown but, unfortunately, Food and Drug Administration has violated
convulsed this country could move upward not at the same pace. each and every one of these basic rights.
to a plateau of rational discourse. I do not intend, today, to mull over gen- Under the pretext of so-called consumer in-
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