EQUAL BENEFITS FOR COLD WAR WARRIORS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000300130001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 21, 2014
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: January 26, 1961
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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1961 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
minds and talents of our citizens. This
means our educational opportunities
must be expanded. No individual should
be denied educational opportunities be-
cause of insufficiency of funds.
I believe that this type of legislation
is needed as a supplement to the pro-
gram offered under the National Defense
Education Act. It will provide some
measure of opportunity to all of our citi-
zens. It would not provide for loans for
the entire cost of education since the
maximum amount which the Govern-
ment will insure is $1,000 a year, and not
more than a total of $5,000 over a period
of years.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The
bill will be received and a propriately
referred.
The bill (S. 611) to provide for loan
insurance on loans to students in higher
education, introduced by Mr. HARTKE,
was received, read twice by its title, and
referred to die Committee on Labor and
Public Welfare.
GRANT TO CERTAIN OIL AND GAS
LESSEES OF PREFERENCE LEASE
RIGHT
Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I in-
troduce, for appropriate reference, a bill
to grant certain oil and gas lessees a
preference lease right upon revocation of
Public Land Order No. 2199, dated
August 29, 1960, and for other purposes.
I ask unanimous consent that the bill be
printed in the RECORD.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The
bill will be received and appropriately
referred; and, without objection, the bill
will be printed in the RECORD.
The bill (S. 612) to grant certain oil
and gas lessees a preference lease right
upon revocation of Public Land Order
No. 2199, dated August 29, 1960, and for
other purposes, introduced by Mr. BEN-
NETT, was received, read twice by its
title, referred to the Committee on In-
terior and Insular Affairs, and ordered
to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America' in Congress assembled, That, upon
the revocation or expiration of public land
order No. 2199, dated August 29, 1960, which
withdrew certain lands within the Cane
Creek Anticline area in the State of Utah
from oil and gas leasing for the preserva-
tion and development of potash deposits, the
record title holders of oil and gas leases
covering such withdrawn lands who were
unable to obtain extensions of such leases
in accordance with the provisions of 30
U.S.C. 226 as the result of the withdrawal,
.and offerors under pending offers to lease
kifm oil and gas, shall be entitled to preference
rights to leases of the same lands without
comp,etitive bidding upon application there-
for made. within six months after the revoca-
tion of expiration of such public land order,
provided that the lands have not been classi-
fied as a part of any known geological struc-
ture of a producing oil or gas field.
SEC. 2. Rentals shall not be charged
against the lands affected by the provisions
of this Act during the period in which they
are withdrawn under such public land order.
SEC. 3. ,During the period in which the
lands affected by this Act are withdrawn
under such public land order, the acreage in,
which leaseholders and offerors shall have
preference rights shall not be chargeable
against the acreage allowables of such lease-
holders and offerors.
IMPOSITION OF ADDITIONAL
DUTIES ON EXCESS IMPORTS OF
CERTAIN LIVE ANIMALS, MEATS,
AND MEAT PRODUCTS
Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, I intro-
duce, for appropriate reference, a bill,
prepared for introduction by my col-
league, the junior Senator from Nebras-
ka [Mr. Cuirris] . Because of illness, my
colleague is not able to be here today.
I ask unanimous consent that the bill
be printed at this point in the RECORD;
and I also ask that preceding the text of
the bill there be printed in the RECORD
a statement in explanation of the pur-
poses of the bill. The statement was pre-
pared by my good colleague.
In general, the bill seeks to impose
additional duties on excess imports of
certain live animals, meats, and meat
products.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The
bill will? be received and appropriately
referred; and, without objection, the bill
and statement will be printed in the
RECORD.
The bill (S. 613) to impose additional
duties on excess imports of certain live
animals, meats, and meat products, in-
troduced by Mr. HRUSKA (for Mr. CUR-
TIS), was received, read twice by its title,
referred to the Committee on Finance,
and ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of ,the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That, in
addition to any other tax or duty imposed
by law, there is hereby imposed a duty of
25 per centum ad valorem upon imports
under any specific iniport classification cov-
ering the following articles entered or with-
drawn from warehouse for consumption
during any calendar year beginning after
December 31, 1960, in excess of the imports
under such import classification during the
calendar year 1957, such additional duty to
apply only to the respective import classi-
fication with respect to which imports in
any calendar year are in excess of imports
during 1957:
(1) Cattle (including calves), sheep (in-
cluding lambs), and hogs, except for breed-
ing purposes;
(2) Beef, veal, pork, mutton, and lamb,
fresh, chilled, or frozen, or prepared, pre-
served, or canned, except offal and canned
corned beef.
SEC. 2. The duties imposed by this Act
shall be treated for administrative purposes
as duties imposed by the Tariff Act Of 1930.
SEC. 3. This Act shall enter into force as
soon as practicable, on a date to be specified
by the President in a notice to the Secretary
of the Treasury following such negotiations
as may be necessary to effect a modification
or termination of any international obliga-
tions of the United States with which it may
conflict, but in any event not later than
ninety days after the date of enactment of
this Act.
The statement presented by Mr.
HRUSKA is as follows:
STATEMENT BY SENATOR CURTIS
Of the many problems which confront
agriculture this is one which daily becomes
more acute?the increased importation of
livestock, carcasses and meat products. The
1217
growth of imports in the last 2 years has
caused a very genuine and general alarm in
our livestock feeding areas throughout this
land.
Throughout this session we will ponder
many of the seeming imponderables which
burden this Nation's basic industry. Reason-
able remedies will not always be easily ar-
rived, but the acute situation caused by meat
imports can be quickly remedied.
Today I am introducing a bill, which en-
acted, will restrict the level of import of
meat and meat products to its 1957 volume.
These commodities, imported in excess of
1957 levels, will be imposed with a duty of
25 percent ad valorem.
We fail to take cognizance of the disrup-
tion caused domestic livestock production by
the dropping of a boatload of lamb or beef
carcasses in a given metropolitan area?for
example, Los Angeles or San Francisco. The
impact on price far exceeds the ratio be-
tween consumption of the domestic and for-
eign products.
.Diet in these United States is the best
and most varied of any nation in the world,
The technology of meat production and a
great abundance of feed grains permit us to
put the highest quality of meat on America's
dinner table. Let us join to enact this
legislation so important to our meat produc-
ing industry.
QUAL BENEFITS FOR COLD WAR
WARRIORS
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, I am
overjoyed, as all America is, at the re-
lease of the two American fliers, Cap-
tains Olmstead and McKone, who have
been held so long and so wrongfully by
the Soviet Union. But as we react with
feelings of relief and gratitude toward
the Russians for this gesture which
means so very much to all the individuals
concerned, we must not altogether forget
that the Russians had no right to shoot
.down and imprison these men to begin'
with. The Soviet authorities showed an
absolute ruthlessness and lack of prin-
ciple in shooting this plane down over
international waters. Furthermore, by
keeping these men impriso.,-ted for 6
months and over Christmas under the
flimsiest of political subterfuges, the
Communists showed only too plainly
what complete scorn they have for the
basic rights and liberties of human be-
ings.
Let .us, then, not forget that, although
the ordeal which these two brave men
have undergone is over, the danger and
hazards that cold war servicemen face,
and will continue to face, in guarantee-
ing the defense of our Nation against
Communist aggression are not over.
Our men are going to have to continue to
meet the Communist challenge on land,
sea, and air.
With that point in mind, I introduce
for appropriate reference a bill, similar
to part of a measure which I introduced
last year as my cold war veterans bill,
which would entitle men like Olmstead
and McKone, and any others who may
. be hurt as a result of cold war en-
counters, to the same benefits that are
available to men injured in actual time
of war. Specifically, my bill would give
men who are injured in cold war in-
cidents the right, if it is needed, to vo-
cational rehabilitation, to assistance in
purchasing an automobile and to ex-
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1218 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
emption from dual compensation re-
strictions upon their pensions. This is
certainly the least we can do under the
circumstances.
Furthermore, I should like to add that,
for those families whose husbands and
fathers will never return, for the families
whose breadwinners are actually killed
in cold war incidents, like the other men
on that ill-fated RB-47, my original bill
provided for educational assistance
similar to that received by the families
of those killed in actual war. This pro-
vision was in fact passed in another bill,
in a slightly different form, last session.
It will not, of course, console their fam-
ilies for the irreparable loss, but it will
assist the widows in paying for the
higher education of their orphaned chil-
dren.
Right now, Mr. President, I repeat, is
the time to consider what we can do for
these men, and, as I said, I think the
least we can do is insure that legislation
is enacted along the lines of my bill to
make sure that these brave warriors are
entitled to the same help, should they
need it, that was available to wartime
servicemen.
I ask unanimous consent to have this
bill printed at this point in the RECORD.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The
bill will be received and appropriately re-
ferred; and, without objection, will be
printed in the RECORD.
The bill (S. 620) to amend title 38,
United States Code, to provide certain
benefits for members of the Armed
Forces wounded in disturbances other
than a state of war, introduced by Mr.
KEATING, was received, read twice by its
title, referred to the Committee on
Armed Services, and ordered to be print-
ed in the RECORD, as follows:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That title
38, United States Code, is amended as fol-
lows: ?
(I) Section 101 is amended by adding the
following at the end thereof:
"(28) The term 'apparent hostile act'
means an encounter, assault, or other act of
a warlike nature committed on or after De-
cember 7, 1941, outside the United States in-
volving a member of the active military,
?naval, or air service in his capacity as a
member of the Armed Forces of the United
States:".
(2) The subtitle in subchapter III of
chapter 15 preceding section 541 is amended
to read as follows:
"WORLD WAR I, WORLD WAR II, KOREAN CON-
FLICT, AND VETERANS INJURED BY AN AP-
PARENT HOSTILE ACT".
(3) Section 1502 is amended?
? (A) by inserting the following in subsec-
tion (a) before the words "which is, or"
and every veteran who has a service-con-
nected disability resulting from an injury
Incurred in the line of duty as the result of
an apparent hostile act,";
(B) by striking out the last sentence of
subsection (c) (2) and inserting the follow-
ing in place thereof;
"(3) Vocational rehabilitation may not be
afforded a veteran on account of a service-
connected disability resulting from an in-
jury incurred in the line of duty as the re-
sult of an apparent hostile act nine years
following his discharge or release from the
period of service in which such injury oc-
curred.
"(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of
paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection,
where a veteran is prevented from entering,
or having entered, from completing voca-
tional rehabilitation training, because of one
of the reasons set forth in subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of paragraph (1), such
training may be afforded him during a pe-
riod of not to exceed four years beyond the
period otherwise applicable to him.";
(C) paragraph (3) of subsection (c) is
redesignated as "(5)" and amended to read
as follows:
(5) Vocational rehabilitation may not be
afforded outside of a State to a veteran on
account of service subsequent to World War
II if the veteran at the time of his service
was not a .citizen of the United States."; and
(D) by striking out the words "Korean
conflict service" in subsection (d) and in-
serting the words "service subsequent to
World War II" in place thereof.
(4) Section 1701 (a) (1) and (d) are each
amended by inserting the words ", or re-
sulting from an injury incurred in the line
of duty as the result of an apparent hostile
act" after the words "Korean conflict".
(5) Section 1901(a) is amended by in-
serting the words ", or resulting from an
injury incurred in the line of duty as the
'result of an apparent hostile act" after the
words "Korean conflict".
SEC. 2. Subsection 212(b) of the Act of
June 30, 1932, as amended (5 U.S.C. 59a), is
amended by striking out the period after the
words "chapter 11 of title 38) " and inserting
the following in place thereof: ", or (3) as
a result of an injury in line of duty because
of an apparent hostile act, as defined in sec-
tion 101(28) of title 38."
SEc. 3. This Act is effective from Decem-
ber 7, 1941. However, no Person is entitled
to any accrued benefits under this Act for
the period between December 7, 1941, and
the date of enactment.
AMENDMENT OF NATIONAL DE-
FENSE EDUCATION ACT TO RE-
MOVE DISCRIMINATION AGAINST
PRIVATE SCHOOLTEACHERS
Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I in-
troduce for reference to the proper com-
mittee a bill to give teachers in private
schools benefits comparable to those
given public schoolteachers 'under the
National Defense Education Act of 1958.
In other words, it would remove the dis-
crimination against private schools
which is inherent in the existing act.
Under the provisions of section 205(b)
3 of title II, a student who has obtained
a loan can obtain forgiveness of 50 per-
cent of that loan if he or she goes into
public schoolteaching. The obvious rea-
son for this provision in the original act
was to encourage students to become
schoolteachers. It seems only fair that
the same opportunity should be granted
to those who go into private schools. I
am aware of the fact that the vast ma-
jority of our school training is handled
in public schools. In fact, of the 1,574,-
000 elementary and secondary school-
teachers in America today, 1,366,884
are in public schools and 207,116 in pri-
vate schools. In other words, 87 percent
of our teachers are on the public pay-
rolls.
However, private schools also perforn'i
an important public service, and there is
no reason why those who are employed
in such institutions should not receive
the same advantages that the public
schoolteachers do.
January, 26
Since the Defense Education Act oily
began in 1958, there are no adequate
figures available as yet to show what
percent of those receiving loans go into
schoolteaching. Most of the loan recipi-
ents are still in school. However, of
120,000 loan recipients last year, 52,000
indicated that they intend to become
schoolteachers. When, and if, they do,
they will be eligible for a cancellation of
half of their loan payment. I do not
have the figures which indicate the per-
centage who would go into private versus
public schoolteaching, but if we assume
that the ratio is the same as the present
ratio for those engaged in private and
public schoolteaching, we can guess that
approximately 6,800 students receiving
loans last year would potentially benefit
from my bill, whereas they are now ex-
cluded from this section of the act.
In the interest of fairness, I think
there is no question but what these
changes should be made. 'These loans
are granted to all needy students who
can qualify, regardless of whether or not
they are going into teaching, and wheth-
er they go into public or private teach-
ing. There is no reason why a mathe-
matics student who obtains teaching em-
ployment in a privately supported insti-
tution should be discriminated against
in obtaining his partial loan cancella-
tion when a colleague may have obtained
his job in a public school and received
such a benefit.
Concerning my amendments to titles
V and VI of the National Defense Edu-
cation Act, the Commissioner of Educa-
tion is authorized to arrange, through
institutions of higher learning, insti-
tutes to train teachers in the fields of
guidance, counseling, and testing in the
case of title V and language development
in the case of title VI. Under the pro-
visions of the act, teachers from public
schools who attend these institutes may
receive up to $75 per week while in at-
tendance, plus $15 per week for each
dependent, for the period of his attend-
ance. Again, there is no reason why a
public school teacher is in any different
circumstance than a private teacher in
attending these institutes. It is interest-
ing to note that the number of private
school teachers who attend the institutes
is very small compared to the public
school teachers attending. For example,
since the program began, only 140 pri-
vate schoolteachers attended the coun-
seling and guidance institutes, while 5,730
public school enrollees attended. This
is a ratio of only 2 percent private to
public school teachers, whereas, as I in-
dicated earlier, private school teachers
make up 13 percent of the total elemen-
tary and secondary teaching staff. The
reason is obvious. The public school
teachers get a stipend and the private
school teachers do not.
I think the discrimination contained in
the act is obvious, and I hope that Con-
gress will correct this discrimination this
year. I have drafted my bill in such a
way as to limit it to nonprofit institu-
tions.
I .ask unanimous consent that the bill
be printed in the RECORD.
The bill (S. 622) to amend the Na-
tional Defense Education Act of 1958 in
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