AMENDMENT OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000300070024-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 1
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 21, 2014
• Sequence Number: 24
• Publication Date: September 15, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

Declassified and Approved For Release 2014/02/21: CIA-RDP66B00403R000300070024-7
21434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
Colorado [Mr. Dommacit] , and the Sen-
ator from New Mexico [Mr. MEcrrEm] . I
take the liberty at this time of intro-
ducing as a new bill, their bill with slight
modification, on behalf of the distin-
guished minority leader and myself, and
ask that it be appropriately referred.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The bill will be received and ap-
propriately referred.
The bill (S. 3191) to authorize the
U.S. Secret Service to protect the per-
sons of the nominees of the major politi-
cal parties for President and Vice Presi-
dent of the United States, introduced by
Mr. MANSFIELD (for himself and other
Senators) , was received, read twice by
its title, and referred to the Committee
on the Judiciary.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, let
me say?
Mr. DOMINICK. If the Senator will
yield a moment, I should like to be added
as a cosponsor of the bill.
Mr. MANSFIELD. I am delighted.
Mr. President, the minority leader and
1 have had a conference with the chair-
man of the Committee on the Judiciary,
the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. EAST-
LAND], and he has informed us that there
will be a meeting of his committee o
Friday and that at that time the
will be considered.
I thank the Senator from Mic n
[Mr. McNAMARA] very much
courtesy in yielding to me. "
AMENDMENT OF FOREIGN SIST-
ANCE ACT OF 1961
The Senate resumed the consideration
of the bill (H.R. 11380) to amend further
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as
amended, and for other purposes. /
Mr. McNAMARA. Mr. President, in
an earlier speech opposing the various
efforts in Congress to nullify the Su-
preme Court decision on legislative ap-
portionment, I devoted a considerable
portion of my remarks to the situation
in Michigan.
I cited numerous examples of how
a rural-dominated, minority-controlled
Michigan State Senate consistently, over
the years, vetoed progressive legislation
both needed and wanted by a majority
of the people of the State.
Further, I pointed out how this tyran-
nical minority usurped the appointive
powers of the Governor and indulged in
the most outrageous gerrymandering of
legislative and congressional districts for
partisan advantage.
Today, I intend to deal with this issue
of equal representation in a more gen-
eral sense and discuss some of its na-
tional implications.
In my view, this is perhaps the most
vital issue to come before the Congress
in this century. Certainly, it is the most
important matter to come before the
Senate during the 10 years I have served
in this body.
Why do I say that?
Because for this first time in the his-
tory of this Republic, the United States
stands on the threshold of achieving a
truly democratic and fairly representa-
tive government at the State level.
This is due entirely, in my mind, to
the historic apportionment decision of
the Supreme Court, first, in Baker
against Carr, and second, in Reynolds
against Sims.
There is no question in my mind?and
there seems to be substantial agreement
on all sides?that fair apportionment of
our State legislatures and in our congres-
sional districts would still be a remote
probability in the distant future were
it not for the one-man, one-vote prin-
ciple established by the Supreme Court.
In my previous remarks I cited the
Michigan experience as an example of
the impossibility of obtaining equal rep-
resentation through the legislative route.
And the experiences of many other
States confirm this.
Many years ago?back in the 1920's?
H. L. Mencken, who was an implacable
foe of what he described as "barnyard
government," asserted that the strangle-
hold maintained on most State legisla-
tures by rural minorities was "not only
unjust and undemocratic; it is absurd,"
predicted that it "couldn't last."
ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT UNTIL
11 A.M. TOMORROW
Mr. McNAMARA. Mr. President, I
yield to the Senator from Montana.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, it is
my understanding that there are other
Senators who wish to speak on other
matters. The Senator from Michigan
[Mr. McNAMARA] has been, as always,
kind and gracious in yielding to other
Senators, after he had been given his
rights and privileges' of the floor.
Therefore, Mr. President, I ask unani-
mous consent that when the Senate ad-
journs tonight, it adjourn to meet at 11
o'clock a.m. tomorrow.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
ORDER OF BUSINESS
? Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that at the con-
clusion of morning business tomorrow,
the Senator from Michigan [Mr. Mc-
NAMARA] be recognized for the purpose of
completing the address which he began
this evening.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. McNAMARA. Mr. President, with
that understanding, I yield the floor.
DUMPING CZECHOSLOVAKIAN
SHOES IN THE U.S. MARKET
Mr. MUSKIE. Mr. President, will the
Senator from Michigan yield?
Mr. McNAMARA. Mr. President, I
am glad to yield to the Senator from
Maine, under the same circumstances as
before.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. With the same understanding,
the Senator from Maine is recognized.
Mr. MUSKIE. Mr. President, on a
number of occasions recently, I have
brought to the attention of the Senate
the rapidly worsening conditions in our
Nation's shoe industry brought about by
the increasing levels of imports. I pre-
sent today some new and rather startling
information about the latest threat to
September 15
the industry which has me greatly con-
cerned.
The simple fact of the matter is that
the industry is once again taking a beat-
ing from foreign footwear suppliers and
their governments who show little con-
cern for the disruption and damage they
cause the American shoe industry. -
The most recent aggravation is the
dumping of Czechoslovakian shoes in the
American market, a matter which con-
cerns me not only for its immediate im-
pact but also for its long-run significance.
I fear, unless we take proper remedial
steps, that what Czechoslovakia can do
with impunity today can be done tomor-
row, equally without fear, by other coun-
tries, and what happens today in shoes
can happen tomorrow in other vitally im-
portant industries.
The present situation is not a matter
only of local interest. The shoe manu-
facturing industry consists of mostly
small- to medium-sized companies op-
erating some 1,300 factories situated in
38 different States. Taken as a whole,
the business of shoemaking provides
nearly a third of a million jobs for Amer-
ican men and women, and contributes
over a billion dollars to the country's
total annual payroll. These facts, and
the additional consideration that the
shoe industry has sales of some $41/2 bil-
lion annually, clearly make what hap-
pens to the industry a matter of vital
national concern.
This industry and its workers now
face a potentially catastrophic future,
and the direct cause is the importation
of shoes.
Let me cite some figures. In the past
9 years, footwear imports have increased
well over 1,000 percent, and in 1963 ac-
counted for 13 percent of domestic pro-
duction. In this same period, 1955 to
1963, unemployment ,has been edging
higher, and the loss of job opportunities
now exceeds 35,000 annually.
Projection of these trends indicates an
even more serious condition. It is esti-
mated that by 1965 a total of 125 mil-
lion foreign shoes will enter the United
States, equal to 20 percent of anticipated
U.S. production. It appears on the basis
of current data that approximately 50,-
000 job opportunities will be lost annual-
ly to foreign imports.
As I have frequently explained, and
has been explained in detail by the in-
dustry in numerous briefs and state-
ments filed with various Government
agencies, there is one and only one cause
for the increasing penetration: wage
rates and employment costs in foreign
countries are substantially lower than
such rates and costs in the United States.
Each of these figures means something
in human terms, and the unemployment
statistics in particular are simply a cold,
if precise, way of stating that there are
an increasing number of human beings
who are suffering.
What most people do not realize is
that in many towns throughout the
country the shoe industry is the principal
and often the only source of income and
employment. Because of imports, many
such plants find it necessary to curtail or
- cease operations. While it may be pos-
sible for the company to move its opera-
Declassified and Approved For Release 2014/02/21: CIA-RDP66B00403R000300070024-7