SOVIET RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000200190043-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 4, 2005
• Sequence Number: 43
• Publication Date: March 17, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN

1964 Approved For MOJgqWPN ,@&ftpB Wqfbd 200190043-1 5295
The spirit of St. Patrick is an affirma-
tive one that, constitutes our great moral
power existing in the minds of all per-
sons, without regard to race, color, or
creed.
This great moral power welded to-
gether will be the great force, with a
powerful national defense that will de-
feat the evil forces of atheistic commu-
nism.
Mrs. KELLY. Mr. Speaker-
ST. PATRICK'S DAY
Irish hills, as grey as the dove,
Know the little plant I love;
Warm and fair it mantles them
Stretching down from throat to hem.
And it laughs o'er many a vale,
Sheltered safe from storm and gale;
Sky and sun and stars thereof
Love the gentle plant I love.
0, the red rose shineth rare,
And the lily saintly fair;
But my shamrock, one in three,
Takes the inmost heart of me.
Katharine Tynan's "Shamrock Song"
expresses what is felt today by all who
love Ireland. The living memory of the
great St. , Patrick, the glorious history
and present honored position of Ireland
in the world; and the reverence that those
of Irish descent feel for the people and
land of their ancestors-all are symbol-
ized today by the wearing of a shamrock,
or of the bit of green that. takes the place
of a shamrock. As a Flannery by birth
and a Kelly by marriage, I think I can
speak from the standpoint of the Irish
in America; but on this great day we
make no narrow definition of Irishness.
The shamrock makes the heart beneath
it Irish, though the blood that circles
through it may well from springs in
Africa or Asia. Love, that is the criterion
of our' humanity, is also the criterion of
our Irishness. He who wears the sham-
rock today, in token of his love for Ire-
land, is welcomed to our kindred.
May St. Patrick, on this his festal day,
call down upon all such, upon ,the land
and people of America, and upon the
land and people of Ireland, the blessings
of God.
Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, it is an
easy and pleasant task to praise Ameri-
cans of Irish descent on their achieve-
ments on the feast day of their patron
saint. Irish-American contributions in
the fields of politics, literature, religion,
law enforcement, entertainment, and
many others are well known, and merit
the highest esteem. But since it is on
St. Patrick's Day that we choose to honor
America's debt to the Irish, let us also
remember the achievement of that man
who 'was born a Roman Briton, who was
brought over as a slave to Ireland, who
escaped and went to Gaul to study, and
who returned as a missionary priest to
build an Irish Catholic culture.
Although there is some doubt as to the
chronology of St. Patrick's activities in
Ireland, there is general agreement
among scholars that he returned to
Christianize Ireland in the fifth century,
and that there is no other with even the
faintest claim to the title "Apostle of
Ireland." All the lives of St. Patrick,
whether ancient or modern, while they
may differ about the precise location and
the number of "churches he founded,
agree about the superhuman energy that
kept him forever traveling on the roads
of every part of Ireland. He founded
churches wherever he traveled, and at
least 90 of them can still be identi-
fied with a fair degree of accuracy.
He spent over 30 years in his great
task of converting Ireland to Christian-
ity, and two aspects of his work im-
pressed him so strongly that he remarked
upon them several times in his writings.
The first was that the ancient civiliza-
tion of Ireland was fused into Christian-
ity without great violence, and without a
painful break with traditional ways.
The second was the astonishing voca-
tion of the Irish for the priesthood, so
that it was possible for St. Patrick to
establish a native clergy in his own life-
time which functioned under his divinely
inspired guidance.
St. Patrick's love for Ireland was pro-
found. In his writings we find reference
to "the nation to whom the love of
Christ conveyed me." He describes how
he suppressed his wish to revisit his
kinsmen in Britain and the schools in
Gaul where he had been educated be-
cause it was his belief that the recently
pagan people of Ireland might stray
from the path of Christianity to which
he had led them. He therefore resolved
to stay with them for` a lifetime, saying:
The Lord is mighty to grant to me to be
myself spent for your souls.
He prayed:
Let it not happen to me from my God
that I should ever part with his people. I
pray God to give me perserverance, and to
vouchsafe that I bear to him faithful wit-
ness until my passing hence.
When St. Patrick died, he had linked
the whole of Ireland together with Cath-
olic churches in which all the people
could hear mass on Sundays and feast
days. Not only had a native Irish priest-
hood been established, but there were
also groups of Irish nuns. Everything
in the native Irish culture that could be
preserved, Patrick had preserved. He
was completely sympathetic toward
everything in the Irish literacy and in-
stitutional. tradition which did not posi-
tively conflict with Christian doctrine,
During the Dark Ages of Europe, the
spirit of St. Patrick was emulated by the
missionaries from Ireland who spread
the Gospel and the tradition of learning
throughout Europe. They never forgot
his example, and we shall never forget
him.
Mr. PHILBIN. Mr. Speaker, St. Pat-
rick's Day is not only a great day for the
Irish, it is a great day for the United
States and the whole world.
For who could come lip to St. Patrick,
and who could excel the Irish in their
contributions to our great country, to
human liberty, and the well-being of the
human race.
The Irish have taken a vital part for
many centuries in every great struggle
of mankind. The great St. Patrick re-
placed paganism with Christianity in Ire-
land. It is a lyrical, but historical, fact
that throughout the Dark Ages, Irish
monks kept the lamps of learning and
human knowledge burning in the West-
ern World.
The Irish have gallantly fought in
every war for liberty, freedom, justice,
and the cause of spiritual ideals. Irish
blood literally saturates the battlefields
of the great wars of history, including
the American Revolution and every war
since that time where the destiny of this
Nation was at stake. How can you beat
the Irish?
We may conclude, Mr. Speaker, that
Irish intellect has enlightened the world,
Irish courage has inspired the world,
Irish heart has nourished the world, and
Irish blood has been spilled to save the
world when ruthless tyranny trampled
the rights of free men and women.
The Irish area militant people, thank
God. They hold fiercely to their beliefs,
their ideals, and the cherished principles
by which they live. They do not permit
others to challenge or steal away their
liberties which they bravely defend with
their blood, sometimes at the drop of a
hat.
Warm hearted, compassionate, and
generous to a fault, filled to the brim
with the milk of human kindness, they
are none-the-less willing to fight and
to die, if necessary, for their rights and
their beliefs. The Irish do not flinch
from danger or fear the oppressor. In
fact, in a very real sense, they live with-
out fear. Their courage knows no
bounds.
They have learned to laugh at mis-
fortune, to be gay in the face of adversi-
ty,'to live with faith in the Lord and
indomitable courage that cannot be de-
nied. The Irish never give in. They
prefer death to surrender. They never
quit.
As history has so abundantly illus-
trated, when the lives and liberties of
their dear ones and fellow countrymen
are in peril, they remain undaunted. As
has been so well said, "When the going
gets tough, the Irish get going."
They never do anything in. halves, or
even in quarters, so the story goes. I
can recall the instance in my hometown
of Clinton, Mass., some years ago, when
a loyal son of Erin was collecting funds
for the Sinn Fein rebellion. He visited
the home of a loyal compatriot, but the
family funds were at a low ebb; and the
best donation he could get for the cause
was a quarter. The zealous collector
threw the coin contemptuously on the
floor saying, "We are not freeing Ireland
in quarters."
To be sure, the words of the proud,
militant, very able Mary McSweeney,
sister of the famous Irish martyr, Ter-
rence McSweeney, ring down through
history as symbolic of unflinching Irish
courage and determination.
Speaking of the enemy that was, for
the 100th time in 700 years, laying waste
to her beautiful native land, this gifted
Irish patriot said:
They may kill every man in Ireland and
the women will rise up to fight them.
They may kill every woman in Ireland and
the little children of Ireland will rise up to
fight them.
They may kill every child in Ireland and
then the blades of green grass growing on
Irish soil will rise up to throw back our
oppressors.
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Yes, Mr. Speaker, the Irish c,re a great
people to whom this Nation and the
world are much indebted for their
strength of character, their unswerving
loyalty, their determined unflinching al-
legiance, their effective leadership in
every walk of life, and the gigantic con-
tributions they have made to the cause
of God and country and human liberty.
Since it was the great St. Patrick who
first weaned the Irish away from pagan-
ism, united Ireland under the Christian
God and fired in their hearts the love of
God and humanity and the love of free-
dom, and thus made possible the glori-
ous contributions they have so gener-
ously and unstintingly offered through-
out the years, particularly to the United
States of America, ii. is most appropriate
that we should paw a today in the spirit
of grateful rememorance to pay due
honor and tribute to the memory of this
immortal patron saint of Ireland.
It is this spirit, the determination, the
loyalty, the militancy and faith of St.
Patrick and the Irish that are needed in
this country more today than ever be-
fore.
The evil forces of communism want no
traffic with loyal Iriihmen, because they
well know the Irish cannot be cajoled
or subverted to treasonable doctrines,
fear only God and can never be overcome
by force until they breathe their last.
The Irish are Bunker Hill Americans,
passionate lovers and defenders of our
country and all it means.
If these living facis could be impressed
deeply enough upon the convert enemy
who is today striving so powerfully by
every means of deceit, subterfuge, and
diabolical conspiracy to weaken and un-
dermine this Nation, I believe that our
struggle for freedom and peace in this
world would be made much the easier.
The Irishman does not shrink from
his enemies; he fights them. He does
not appease his enemy, when they move
against him; he assails them. Yet,
moved by love and compassion, he is the
first to recognize the good will and hon-
est purpose of those who truly seek un-
derstanding, brotherhood, and peaceful
relations, is always the first to hold out
the olive branch, ar.d the first to rush to
the aid of those who are afflicted and
stricken. The Irish are all-weather
friends.
Hall then to St. Patrick, the great
saint and hero of Ireland and his suc-
cessors in spirit, faith, and courage in
this and every other land, who have al-
ways held high the torch of human free-
dom, and who, in this perilous genera-
tion, are irrevocably committed to car-
rying this torch w.:th lofty resolve and
fierce determination, as long as the good
Lord gives them life.
If we in this Nation and world today
could but catch and truly emulate more
of that noble spirit both the Nation and
the world would be much better places
to live in. God grant that day may soon
come when a just peace under freedom
may dawn.
Meanwhile, let us show the strength.
the faith, the courage, and the dogged
resolution of our fathers. Let nothing
deter us from keeping and saving this
great Nation as our happy home and our
holy sanctuary of freedom, democracy.
honor, and justice. You can be certain
that the Irish will ever continue to serve
and defend America with our last drop
of blood. Let all others be willing to do
so.
As part of my remarks, I would like
very much to insert a very touching, in-
spiring article, entitled "St. Patrick's Day
Is Tribute to Irish Race," written by my
good friend and neighbor, the gifted,
talented Mr. John E. O'Malley, celebrated
columnist of the Clinton Daily Item in
my hometown of Clinton, Mass.
ST. PATaicK's DAY Is TRIBUTE TO IRISH RACE
History relates that in 388 it band of Irish.
pagan marauders, landed in Scotland near
the mouth of the Clyde River. In the booty
which they brought back to Ireland was a
boy named Patrick. The value of the boy
was that he could be sold as a slave. There
was something out of thenrdinary about the
boy. Patrick, because within the year he had
escaped his master and had found his way
home to Scotland.
The leader of that band of marauders little
realized that in his capture of that boy he
was changing the history of his country and
affecting the history of the world. To fol-
low the history of the boy who was sold into
slavery In 388 to the time of his death In
484. you must be faced with the conclusion
that he was chosen of Clod to weave into the
lives of men a small part of the divine des-
tiny of the world.
On Tuesday the people of Irish blood in
Clinton and around the world will honor
that slave boy, as the patron saint of Ire-
land, St. Patrick.
The observance of St. Patrick's Day In the
United States. In the past two generations, is
phenomenal in its scope. It seems to tran-
scend religion-even the great saint himself.
More and more it has taken on the added
flavor of a national tribute to Ireland and
the Irish people.
For more than 100 years after the signing
of the Declaration of Independence there was
a powerful conspiracy to ignore or minimize
the contribution of the Irish people in the
building of this Nation. In a historical
sense it has partly succeeded; but all of the
historians In the world-armed with bigotry,
malice, Intolerance, and falsehood-cannot
change nor bide the facts of an evolving
society In a free country the size of ours.
The honoring of the Irish on St. Patrick's
Day comes not from the blood the Irish have
shed In defense of this country (and It was
copious Indeed). but rather In the industrial,
mercantile, governmental, and social life of
daily Intercourse and competition: through
their charity, honor, fairplay, religious con-
stancy. their songs and their stories.
One year ago the editor of a national mag-
azine wrote the following editorial for St.
Patrick's Day. "Every American probably has
a dash of Irish in him. It is ainl.oet inevi-
table. for in the racially packed society we
have all grown porous to the romantic and
violent legacy of Ireland. As we have to all
those qualities persuasively Irish-wit,
charm, Imagination, camaraderie, and com-
bativeness.
"To paraphrase Samuel Johnson, he who
does not respond to the Irish does not truly
love life. The waves of settlers from Ireland
have accounted for a magnificent strain in
America: the person of Irish descent has
been monumental in helping to create this
Nation."
The old Ireland Is fast passing away and
the fairies the banshees, and the mermaids
get no credence even in the remotest villages.
The lakes, the bogs, the mountains are un-
changed; the castles still stand, the old mon-
uments are reminders of the past but there
is a fresh vigor blowing across grin from the
Atlantic to the Irish Sea.
Modern Ireland, sprung from the staff of
legend and suffering, is fast becoming an
Industrial nation. It is a changing place
even though its green magic beauty goes on
tugging at the heartstrings. The Ireland
that my mother told me of is gone forever
and it brings a touch of sadness to the sat-
Isfaction that old Ireland is really taking her
true place among the nations of the world.
IOWA SENTIMENT FOR PRESIDENT
JOHNSON
(Mr. ALBERT (at the request of Mr.
Boccs) was given permission to extend
his remarks at this point in the RECORD.)
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, in 1960
Iowa citizens gave Richard Nixon 56 per-
cent of their vote.
Today, there has been a complete
turnabout in Iowa sentiment. A poll
conducted by Wallace's Farmer shows
that President Johnson would now sweep
the State with 58 percent of the vote and
Nixon would draw only 42 percent.
Moreover, the President would increase
his margin against any other Republican
opponent: 65 percent to the President If
Goldwater were the nominee; 70 percent
if Rockefeller were the nominee.
It is obvious that Iowa farmers feel
good about President Johnson. They
know that the President, who under-
stands farming and ranching, who Is
knowledgeable about weather and water
and an the problems that the farmer
confronts every day, who has ridden a
cultivator and run a haybaler, has a
deep understanding and affection for the
farmer and rancher.
All this gets through to the people of
Iowa.
They like their President, they iden-
tify with him, they have confidence in
him. For the first time In many a year,
rock-ribbed Republican country looks
with favor and enthusiasm on a Demo-
cratic President. They do so because
they believe in Lyndon Johnson as a man
and as a President.
COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND
LABOR
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that the Subcommit-
tee on Poverty of the Committee on Edu-
cation and Labor may be permitted to
sit during general debate today and the
balance of the week.
The SPEAKER. pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentle-
man from Louisiana?
There was no objection.
COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that the Committee
on Agriculture may have until midnight
tonight to file a report on H.R. 9780.
The SPEAKERpro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentle-
man from Louisiana?
There was no objection.
'3V
TION
(Mr. FARBSTEIN asked and was
given permission to address the House
for 1 minute.)
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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
Mr. FARBSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, in the
March 15, 1964, issue of, the New York
Times, there appeared an item indicat-
ing that the Soviets have shut down
Moscow's only matzoth bakery. This
bakery was opened last Wednesday to
produce the unleavened bread for Pass-
over, which begins March 28. Many
devout Jews had turned in the flour for
their matzoth and had been promised
an equivalent amount of unleavened
bread. Now they have neither flour nor
matzoth.
This is an unwarranted violation- of
the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights that was adopted by the United
Nations in 1948. Article 18 states:
Everyone has the right to freedom of
thought, conscience and religion; this right
includes freedom to change his religion or
beliefs, and freedom, either alone or in com-
munity with others, or in public or private,
to manifest his religion or belief in teach-
ing, practice, worship and observance.
The Soviet disregard and contempt
for the Jews' observance of their religion
is deplorable, as all human beings are
born free and equal in dignity and
rights. That the Congress of the United
States may reaffirm its faith in funda-
mental human rights, I submitted a con-
current resolution on February 13, 1964,
stating that:
It is the sense of the Congress that the
United Nations should forthwith adopt a
universal declaration calling for the elimi-
nation of all religious intolerance and all
discriminatory practices against religious
and ethnic groups.
I urge the immediate adoption of this
resolution b +1, C t
k
5297
ports, this would be most tragic for the ST. PATRICK'S DAY, 1964: MEM-
future of agriculture as a whole. ORIES OF JOHN FITZGERALD
Mr. Speaker, we have even had kan- KENNEDY
garoo meat and horsemeat imported given per-
situation this country and sold as beef. The (Mr. . to CONTE address asked and d House was given 1
situation is urgent and I hope the Con-
gress will favorably act upon this bill minute.)
before it Is too late. Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, on this
'
LEGALIZED BETTING PUMPS $316.5
MILLION INTO STATE TREAS-
URIES
(Mr. FINO asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. FINO. Mr. Speaker, I would like
to bring to the attention of those Mem-
bers of Congress who react with shocked
feelings at the thought of legalizing a na-
tional lottery, some interesting facts and
figures which prove that-millions of our
citizens enjoy the relaxation and pleas-
ures of gambling.
The 1964 report on horse racing in the
United States for last year has just been
released by the National Association of
State Racing Commissioners.
This report is particularly interesting
because it shows that 3 additional States,
Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Vermont,
have since last year joined the other 24
in capitalizing on the American gambling
thirst.
It also shows that almost $4 billion-
$3,974,795,818-was wagered in all 27
States where gambling on horses is legal
and proper-at least inside the gates of
the racetracks.
Y e ongress ma
o
e evi- Another interesting part of this report,
dent our abhorrence of the discrimina- Mr. Speaker, is the tax revenue to the
tion practiced by the Soviets on some o 27 States. The amount collected, pain-
Its minority people. lessly and voluntarily, came to over $316.5
BEEF IMPORTS
(Mr. DORN asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, I am today
introducing a bill which will limit the
imports of beef into the United States.
Cattle prices are depressed. Cattle
feeders have been encouraged to use
surplus grain to feed cattle and now find
that they are threatened with falling
prices.
These depressed cattle prices are
million-an increase of almost $24 mil-
lion over the previous year.
In spite of our sanctimonious attitude
about gambling, our own Federal Treas-
ury was the beneficiary of additional mil-
lions of dollars in taxes collected on ad-
mission charges from almost 56 million
persons whose urge to gamble brought
them through the racetrack turnstiles.
I might add that yesterday was open-
ing day at Aqueduct Race Track in New
York State and 48,153 persons wagered
over $4 million.
Mr. Speaker, to those who look upon
gambling as wicked and evil, I would
like to point out that all gambling rev-
enue collected in ll 27 Sa t
t
a
es are com-
beef from low-wage countries. To me, mingled with other State revenues and
Mr. Speaker, it is utterly incredible that used to build schools, pay teachers' sal-
our Nation with huge stockpiles and aries as well as provide all of our citi-
great surpluses of farm products would. zens with police and fire protection. As
permit the importation of any farm a matter of fact, Florida allotted 6 ad-
products or any livestock products- ditional days of racing for scholarships
canned, ground, fresh, frozen, or other- and charities.
wise. So why all the resistance to a national
The livestock industry in the United lottery? I believe the time has come for
States' constitutes the greatest single this Congress to stop pussyfooting-the
segment of agriculture. It brings in time has come to wipe out hypocrisy and
more income and has been healthy with- recognize that man, by his very nature,
out controls, without quotas, and without is a gambler and wants to satisfy his
price supports. If this Congress stands thirst legally. Can anyone think of a
idly by and permits our great livestock better way to raise $10 billion a year in
industry to be wrecked and eventually additional revenue than through a na-
controlled and reduced because of im- tional lottery?
celebration of St. Patrick
s Day, I can-
not forget the tragic death of the great
Irish-American, John Fitzgerald Ken-
nedy, whose departure last November
has made this day seem less cheerful
than previous days in the past.
And yesterday, in Paris, a most inter-
esting tribute was given to the late
President when. Andre Malraux, the
French Minister of State for Cultural
Affairs, accompanied Mrs. Joseph P.
Kennedy, the President's mother, to
solemn ceremonies renaming the Quai
de Passy the. "Avenue Du President
Kennedy."
I would like to include the coverage of
the event which appeared in the New
York Times of this date.
It is one of the many tributes that
have been given to the late President
during this period, and one that I think
will be remembered each time a visitor
or a Parisian walks down the historic
avenue.
Many words have been spoken today,
and my colleagues have been eloquent in
calling to mind the great qualities of the
Irish people.
On future St. Patrick's Day events, I
would like to talk of this tradition and
of such people as Sean O'Casey, W. B.
Yeats, Padriac Colum and other great
poets and writers who have brought
everlasting 'ame to Ireland.
On this day, however, I want to say
simply that the shining example of the
Irish tradition has been for me, and for
millions of people throughout the world,
the remarkable charm, intelligence, wit,
and humanity of John Fitzgerald
Kennedy.
The article follows:
PARIS NAMES AVENUE FOR KENNEDY
PARIS, March 16.-Paris paid tribute today
to the memory of an American it had taken
to its heart.
In a solemn ceremony attended by Mrs.
Joseph P. Kennedy, the President's mother,
the Avenue du President Kennedy was in-
augurated.
The avenue, the Qual de Passy until this
morning, fronts the right bank of the Seine
in a fashionable residential quarter. A block
away, in the shadow of the Eiffel Tower
across the river, is the Palais de Chaillot.
There, during his last visit here, in June
1961, President Kennedy introduced himself
to a large gathering of reporters by saying:
"I am the man who accompanied Jac-
queline Kennedy to Paris and I have en-
joyed it."
So did Paris, and the affection was evoked
by Jean Auburtin, president of the city
council, in his dedication speech today.
"Never, perhaps, has the death of a for-
eign chief of state so profoundly moved every
Frenohi,nen and every Parisian," he said.
In expressing the gratitude of the United
States, Ambassador Charles E. Bohlen de-
livered a personal message of thanks from the
President's widow. Before her marriage Mrs.
Kennedy lived for a time only a few blocks
from the avenue that now bears her hus-
band's name.
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The eider Mrs. Kennedy was flanked by Mr.
Bohlen and Andre Mal-aux, Minister of Cul-
tural Affairs, as she stood through the half-
hour ceremony on the cold, windy street.
Then the Avenue de President Kennedy
was opened to traffic. Mrs. Kennedy's car
was driven along it toward its end, at the
Pont de Grenelle.
At the center of the bridge, holding her
torch aloft and facing the Avenue de Presi-
dent Kennedy, stands a copy of the Statue
of Liberty, a gift to the city of the Amer-
ican colony in 1891. -
OVERPAYMENTS TO FEDERAL
EMPLOYEES
(Mr. GROSS asked and was given per-
misison to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, the Pri-
vate Calendar will soon be called and on
the calendar today there are numerous
bills providing for the forgiving of over-
payments of thousands upon thousands
of dollars to Federal employees. In one
instance there is the case which I have
before me, and you will find it on the
Private Calendar today, where the in-
dividual continued to receive overpay-
ments from the Federal Government for
between 5 and 6 years after the overpay-
ments were called tc the attention of the
department. This is absolutely inex-
cusable.
Comptroller General Campbell testi-
fied before a subcommittee of which I
am a member only a few months ago and
pointed out that in f, recent years, and on
the basis of selective audit of overpay-
ments, the Treasury of this country
spent more than $100 million to under-
write overpayment.. made to employees
of the Federal Government.
This is money to which the employees
were not entitled but which many of
them cannot repay without severe hard-
ship. So we have these bills to forgive
repayment.
Mr. Speaker, the departments and
agencies of Government must be told by
Congress that lax administration will not
be tclerated. This situation is fast get-
ting out of hand and It must be corrected
without delay.
JUSTICE CHARLES EVANS
WHI'ITAKER
(Mr. JONES of Missouri asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute and to revise and ex-
tend his remarks.)
Mr. JONES of Mssouri. Mr. Speaker,
I would like to call attention to an article
which appeared in the current issue of
U.S. News & World Report under date of
March 23 in which article there is carried
an address given by a former Justice of
the Supreme Cour now retired, Justice
Charles Evans Whittaker. At the same
time I would like to express my regret
that Justice Whittaker is not now on the
Court because In reading this address
that he delivered at the Southeast Mis-
souri State College at Cape Girardeau,
which he explained his philosophy, I was
reminded and Impressed with the need
for men of the caliber and character of
Justice Whittaker on the Supreme Court,
and which we do not have.
I urgently commend this article to all
Members who believe in Americanism
and who would like to see communism
wiped out, or at least the way of the
Communists made more difficult than
it has been under some of the more re-
cent decisions of the Supreme Court.
In raising the question, "Can Integra-
tion Be Forced by Federal Law?" Jus-
tice Whittaker has warned the country
against expecting any law or any demo-
cratic government to be a "leveler of
men."
I would like to quote three paragraphs
from Justice Whittaker's address, in the
hope that those who read this may be-
come interested enough to read the entire
address:
We Americans correctly and proudly say
that our Government is founded upon the
concept that all men are created equal.
Doubtless all men are created equal in the
sight of God and of all God-fearing man.
This, I think we must agree, includes the
concept that all men are entitled to equality
of opportunity. But that. I think we must
all agree. Is but sa opportunity to prove
unequal talents.
Today there are well-meaning persons who
argue that all men are, of right, entitled to
permanent economic equality. This, I think,
is utopian beyond our capacities to deliver.
In a democracy like ours, the term equality
must mean, at least, that government, state
or Federal-quite apart and distinguished
from the Individual cannot and must not
deny to any citizen: (a) the right to equal
learning; (b) the right to equal treatment;
(c) the right to equal justice. and (d) the
equal right of suffrage.
But democracy, as a system of government,
to not, and was never intended to be, a
leveler of men. Quite the contrary. It per-
mite, and was intended to permit, the gifted,
the energetic, the creative and the thrifty,
economically at least, to rise above the
masses. and It Intends to leave each man
free to earn and find his own level on the
stairway to the top. We may justifiably be
disturbed by those who advocate socialistic
means and objectives as the answer to the
problems of democracy, and especially to the
problems of economic equality.
PRIVATE CALENDAR
The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is
the day for the call of the Private Cal-
endar. The Clerk will call the first bill
on the Private Calendar.
OUTLET STORES, INC.
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 2300)
for the relief or the Outlet Stores, Inc.
Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that this bill be
passed over without prejudice.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Illinois?
There was no objection.
DR. AND MRS. ABEL GORFAIN
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 2706)
for the relief of Dr. and Mrs. Abel Gor-
fain.
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask un-
animous consent that this bill be passed
over without prejudice.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Iowa?
There was no objection.
CHARLES WAVERLY WATSON
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 2728)
for the reliefof Charles Waverly Watson,
Jr.
Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, I ask un-
animous consent that this bill be passed
over without prejudice.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts?
There was no objection.
JOHN F. MAcPHAlL, LIEUTENANT,
U.S. NAVY
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 5145)
for the relief of John F. MacPhail. lieu-
tenant, U.S. Navy.
Mr. ELLSWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I
ask unanimous consent that this bill be
passed over without prejudice.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Kansas?
There was no objection.
DIRECTING THE SECRETARY OF
THE INTERIOR TO SELL CERTAIN
PUBLIC LANDS IN THE STATE OF
ARIZONA
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 5514)
to direct the Secretary of the Interior to
sell certain public lands in the State of
Arizona.
There being no objection, the Clerk
read the bill as follows:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That the
Secretary of the Interior shall sell to the
Katbab Lumber Company, upon payment of
the far market value of the lands as deter-
mined by the Secretary by appraisal as of
the effective date of this Act, the following
described lands in the State of Arizona,
reserving to the United States all minerals
including oil and gas, together with the
right to prospect for, mine, and remove the
same under applicable provisions of law:
The northeast quarter, and the northeast
quarter of the northwest quarter of section
28; the southeast quarter of the southwest
quarter of section 21; that portion of the
northeast quarter of the southwest quarter
of section 21 lying south of the right-of-
way line of United States Highway numbered
89; and that portion of the southeast quarter
of section 21 lying southof the right-of-way
line of United States Highway numbered 89,
in township 41 north, range 2 west, Gila
and Salt River base and meridian, comprising
a total of 312.5 acres more or less.
Sac. 2. The conveyance directed by this
Act shall be subject to any existing valid
claims against the lands described in section
1 of this Act, and to such other reservations,
conditions, or limitations which the Secre-
tary of the Interior deems necessary or desir-
able in the public Interest.
Sac. 3. No conveyance shall be made un-
der this Act unless the Kaibab Lumber Com-
pany makes application therefor to the Sec-
retary of the Interior within ninety days
from the effective date of this Act.
With the following committee itrrlend-
ments :
Page 1, line 3, through page 2, line 10,
strike out all of section 1 and Insert in lieu
thereof the following: "That the Secretary
of the Interior shall sell to the Kaibab Lum-
ber Company, upon payment of the sum of
the fair market value of the lands, exclusive
of the value of any improvements placed on
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